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How is PewDiePie so widely popular, despite many people claiming to hate him?
He appeals mostly to a younger demographic than you probably associate with. There are a fuckton of 13 year olds on Earth so Pewdiepie can have huge viewership while still being hated by everyone over 21 .
Kidney stones and how to avoid them.
Kidney stones can be caused from a variety of factors including genetic disorders, infections, electrolyte imbalance, medications, pregnancy etc. But the most common kidney stone is created from calcium oxalate. This occurs when a high amount of calcium and oxalate are secreted by the kidneys into the urinary system, causing it to fall out of solution and crystallize causing ouch. The best method to avoid kidney stones in the average patient is adequate hydration. The more water that goes through the urinary system, the less likely calcium oxalate is to fall out of solution and crystallize. Other methods are to avoid calcium/oxalate supplements, be wary of medications that cause increased excretion of calcium and treat urinary tract infections.
Why do a lot of the elderly wear pastel/beige colours ?
The elderly generally aren't clothes-horses like us when we are younger because they don't have to go to work or social events every day. So they generally have less selection in their clothes. Pastels and beiges are a somewhat bright and cheery and clean-looking but not over-the-top way of comfortably dressing day after day for just about every informal occasion. When you don't have, need or want a thousand outfits, those colours are good choices for most occasions, particularly in places that they like to retire to where there's warmer and sunnier weather and where dark colours would be a lot hotter.
Why do we grab our heads when something goes wrong?
It's body language. It's the same reason you may cross your arms when angry or scratch your chin when in deep thought. Humans move their bodies when communicating because it helps "ease the mental effort when communication is difficult", but I don't have a source for that. In fact, there are even some that say a majority of our communication is non-verbal. That is we put more weight on subtle facial expressions or hand gestures than we do language. Note: Sorry I'm on my phone and can't really find you a good source, but just Google body language, non-verbal communication or Kinesics.
How can Disney celebrate 100 years of magic if the company started in 1923?
Fun answer: Because magic. Real answer: [Because they started celebrating in 2001.] Ain't no party like a Disney party, because a Disney party is contractually obligated to never end.
Why are humans completely dependent on their guardians for so long?
If evolution could, it would have. However, nothing is free and when our ancestors evolved to have larger brains, sacrifices had to be made as life does not have unlimited resources to work with. Humans are born relatively under developed as our brains required more room, but our way of life meant that we walked upright so the womans pelvis isn't suited for giving birth to large offspring. We're not alone in this either. You pick a choice few animals in your examples, but there are plenty others such as rodents, birds, cats and dogs are born helpless too. The difference here is that these animals tend to have a home, be it a nest or a den where the parents live. Herd animals need to stay with the pack because they don't stay in one place for too long. Hence evolution required things like sheep, horses and cows to have young that would keep up. When the parents live in one place for extended periods of time, the pressure for the young then is not as severe which allows for other compromises. In short, there is no evolutionary pressure to humans to have early developing children as we're more than capable of rearing them for the 20 odd years it takes us to grow fully. As pack animals, there would have always been assigned roles for hunting and gathering supplies which would mean that young children would not have to do these things themselves. This in turn allows for longer playing and learning, increasing the intelligence of the individual as their early days can be focused on these things, instead on pure survival instincts. It is both unnecessary and a disadvantage for humans to have fast developing young.
Why do dogs use their back foot to scratch their ear instead of their front foot?
Several reasons: Torque. Back legs on quadrupedal animals like dogs are very strong, as they're used to push off during a sprint. The back leg can scratch harder than front legs. Angle. Most dogs can barely get their front paws over their snout, making putting them places like behind their head out of the question. The back legs, on the other hand, can scratch far more areas, at least on the front half of the body. For the bottom half, dogs bite. Quadrapeds! Unlike humans, dogs aren't particularly dexterous with their front paws. They don't have fingers or thumbs like we do, so there tends to be less of a preference for using their front paws unless they really need them. You're thinking of this from the perspective of a 5 year old human who uses his or her hands for everything and generally only uses feet for walking. Dogs walk and are mostly equally dexterous with all four paws.
what's the deal with the Holy trinity? Why is it still monotheistic?
The Trinity distinguishes between persons and beings, or in layman terms one what and three who's. God is one what with three who's . Each person is 100% God, co-equal and co-eternal . One person is not 1/3 of God because God is infinite and it is impossible to divide infinity into 3. The three persons are the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. The Father is unseen in heaven, the Son is the image of the Father, and the Holy Spirit works among believers. There is no appropriate analogy because God is unique and thus there is nothing in creation which can accurately describe him.
Why is black and white considered as "no color"?
Cameras were not filming in the black and white colors, they where basically filming the absence or presence of light. No color could be said as no definable color, as in it shows all or none of the colors, but not a distinctive color from the light spectrumIn additive color, such as visible light, black is the absence of light and white is the combination of every color of light. In subtractive color, like paint, black is the equal combination of every color of paintBlack is the absence, or no light being reflected. White is all light being reflected, I believeThis is an old [double speak] example. "Monochrome" means one color when its obviously two, or, none. "Color" references the amount or RGB values in the thing being seen. Black and white are combination of all colors and lack of all colors . Black and white are seen as "shades" since they are not represented on the rainbow.
Why is it so easy to fall asleep in upright position in a brightly lit lecture hall?
Going because you have to as opposed to wanting to / Hungover / Sleep deprived / Droning voice going on and on and on / Uninteresting subject pick and choose out of any of those. It's possible to sleep in an upright position in almost any circumstance. Just don't fall asleep resting on your raised arm/hand. Bad stuff can happen if you do that.
How is MERS spread, why should we be worried about it, and how can we prevent ourselves from contacting it?
I'm coming bback to Korea in August and i've been hearing about the MERS thing. Made me a wee bit nervous
What does it really mean when a famous person/public figure gets an "honorary doctorate?" Is it actually worth anything, or just a kind gesture?
It's only meant to be a gesture. Universities generally note that the recipient can add the letters after their name, but should not use the title Dr. except in interactions with the school that granted the degree. Most honorary degrees are specially titled along the lines of LL.D or Sc.D. so as to avoid confusion with an earned degree So: * John Smith, who studied music composition at a university and got a high-level degree, becomes Dr. Smith or John Smith, D.M.A * Jane Doe, who studied music theory at the same university, becomes Dr. Doe or Jane Doe, Ph.D* Edward Kennedy Ellington, who did not study music formally but made enormous contributions to the field, was awarded several honorary doctorates, and became Edward Kennedy Ellington, D. Mus, but not Dr. Ellington. His title of "Duke" is arguably honorary, but I would consider it more meaningful than any title of nobility.When universities award honorary doctorates they are basically *buying* famous alumni, because it increases the perceived value of their institution's prestige and the amount they can charge for tuition and fees .My grandmother received an honorary doctorate from a local University. I believe it was a d.litt. while really cool her lifetime accomplishments really outshone the honorary doctorate and it in my mind just added to her other recognitions. So I would say it was more of a gestureAn honourary doctorate is a recognition of achievement in a particular field, that came through "real-world" success rather than academic study. E.g. a famous actor or singer might get an Arts-based doctorate, a popular writer might be awarded a Literature doctorate. Although they didn't formally "earn" their degree by undertaking years of study, their achievements in the field is seen as a sort of equivalent.
Hypothetically speaking, what would happen if nobody voted this election?
Then democracy would lose. If the public was able to send a message that strong to the government then I think they'd focus on reforming our political system. Or Donald Trump would just buy his way into office.
Why don't downloaded games, burnt to DVDs work on the Xbox 360 etc?
Xbox games have a special key and protection mechanism burnt onto the discs that only the xbox disc drive can unlock. A random burnt dvd will not pass this test. **ELI5**: Xbox does a handshake with the disc before it will load a game.I'm struggling to find the article, but I think I read that old playstation 1 discs have a section of code near the spindle hole that is too far in for residential burners to reach. You would need an industrial playstation disc burner to make legitimate games. I suspect there may be a similar mechanism that prevent burned discs from playing in your xbox.
How do you Depressurize a compartment, say you're in space and you want to go outside without losing all your precious air.
You suit up enter the air lock seal it, then you pump the air that's in the airlock into a tank so you're in vacuum, then you open the outer doors. Once you are back from spacewalk, seal outer door. Slowly empty holding tank to repressurize the air lock, the open inner door.
in regards to Pluto, what is an "active surface"?
If you think about the moon, it has no geological activity. There aren't volcanoes that reshape the surface and there's no real atmosphere that is capable of depositing/moving materials around the surface. The moon doesn't really change or go through any sort of cycles like seasons. The moon is not dynamic. It doesn't have an active surface. The 8 planets, by contrast, have all sorts of things like weather and tectonic activity driven by internal heat. These bodies have changing surfaces that are frequently reshaped by processes on the planet. They are dynamic. They have active surfaces. It's been known for a long time that Pluto is dynamic. It's actually been changing color since the 80's, indicating that some sort of process is going on that is changing what is on the surface. For a small body like pluto, this wasn't a sure thing and was kind of surprising. Given the distance, we didn't know exactly what was going on on Pluto. New Horizons gives us a chance to observe more closely. It seems that Charon, Pluto's largest moon, is also dynamic .
Why is Ireland not united? And do most Irish want it to be?
There has been about 100 years of fighting over this very question. Very simplified history here: Northern Ireland was created in 1921 after an uprising of Irish Republicans lead to a peace treaty between Ireland and the UK which partitioned the country between the Irish Free State which was mostly Catholic and Northern Ireland, which is made up of 6 or the 9 counties of Ulster, and has a majority Protestant population loyal to Britain. In Northern Ireland there is also a large Catholic population that has been historically oppressed and identify themselves as Irish and not British . This sectarian divide is typically described as Nationalist/Republican for the Catholic and Loyalist/Unionist for the protestants. Through much of the 70's and into the 90's there were wide ranging conflicts between these two groups which are known as the troubles. This is where the traditional image of the IRA, amongst other paramilitary groups comes from, though the IRA has been around in multiple different forms since the uprising that lead to the creation of the Free State. In 1994, the Provisional IRA issued a cease fire, and in 1998, the Good Friday Agreement was signed, that ostensibly ended the troubles . However, there have been instances were splinter groups have disregarded the cease fires , but for the most part the major conflicts of the Troubles are in the past. Though there is still some sectarian uprisings traditionally coinciding with the Protestant Marching Season and a recent uproar over the flying of the Irish flag over official buildings . For you other questions, traditionally the majority of the people of Northern Ireland have wished to remain as part of the UK, though again much of this support comes from the protestant majority, though in recent polls, even a large number of Catholics wish to remain, which could be a result of the recent economic troubles in the Republic. The UK certainly doesn't keep NI for tax purposes as it typically costs the UK far more than it generates in tax income, as unemployment is pretty high.
Why does the game show Jeopardy require the answer in the form of a question when the game show is clearly concerned about the factual knowledge?
It dates back to the quiz show scandals that had rocked the game show world previously . This was a big enough scandal that TV executives were subject to Congressional hearings and very embarrassing. Jeopardy was the first attempt to do a trivia game show after those scandals. To help separate Jeopardy from those scandals, the producers used the format to pitch the show as giving everyone the answers, but the contestants must give us the questions.There was a series of cheating scandals in game shows in the 50s, where one contestant had the answer ahead of time. As a result, question and answer game shows on TV pretty much died out. Jeopardy is the reverse of that- just give everyone the answers and then it's a fair game! It's not really any different, of course, but it was a clever enough pitch to viewers that it's stuck around for 50 years, long after most people have forgotten the scandals.
How can YouTube channels that post music, make money by posting someone else's song on their channel?
Maybe : - they asked for permission. - they take down the video if the author ask. - they are sharing the money with the author. - the author doesn't care. Free advertisement. Could be any of those.
Why is Random Number Generation so important for IT security?
I'm thinking of an ATM PIN. What number am I thinking of? If you can guess it, you can access my checking account. It's like guessing a password. If I use a system to generate my ATM PIN that seems random, but can actually be reproduced , someone could figure out the system I use to generate PINs and guess only a few times before discovering it. Randomly generated passwords are related to randomly generated numbers. Computers generate pseudorandom numbers with a lazy function called Rand or something like it that use the time that the function is called to generate a number. This is like creating an ATM PIN with your birthday. It can be guessed if you know enough of the other pseudorandom numbers the system generated. Even perfect security - like one time pads - rely on truly randomly generated passcodes. If the code isn't randomly generated, nothing is secure.
Leverage (in regards to finance)
Leverage is borrowing money. Borrowed money in finance is normally used to put it to more productive uses . More leverage means more profits . A simple example is perhaps there exists a city with no hot dog stands. Each hot dog stand license costs $500,000 and earns $1,000 per week. If an investor has $500,000 he could of course get one license and make $1,000 or he could borrow $2 million and get 5 licenses . If the city later reduces the license fee to $400,000 in the first case, he's lost $100,000, but in the second case, he's lost all of his investment .
Why does listening to your favorite song over and over eventually make you hate it?
Music is art. And one of the things that make art so relevant and great is the element of surprise. Everyone likes a little surprise in their music. So the more predictable , the less you can experience the joy of this element of surprise.
Why are humans attracted to the foreign?
Biologically, animals are attracted to members outside their clan to increase their gene diversity. It decreases the odds that your children would be born with 2 recessive genes for any trait. If humans didn't keep records or strong family ties, and you just met the cute girl down the street that looks similar to you, how would you be sure she wasn't your second cousin?
Pressurized staircase in hotel?
It means that fan pumps air into the stairwell. This is a fire evacuation safety measure, so that if you open the door from your burning corridor into the stairwell, the positive air pressure will push the smoke back allowing you to escape and close the door. It means that holding the door open will cause people's lives to be lost, and the sign is supposed to be telling you not to do that.
So how do you actually "live off the interest" if you come across a large sum of money or win the lottery?
> Do you just hire a financial advisor or go to an investment bank and assume your tons of money will grow steadily over time? Most people would do this, yes.If I invested $5 million and earned 3% back per year, that'd be $150,000 back to me—and the original nest egg would never get touched. More like $100k per year after taxes, but that's how it works.
How coding differs in asia (using characters and reading top-down
Programming languages are usually not localized. That is, someone writing code in Java will write the same words in the same direction no matter what human language they may speak. Even computing languages developed in Asia typically follow Western conventions of characters and word orientation.
Why are a lot of people scared of dolls/mannequins, or other humanoid-shaped things?
For dolls/mannequins, it is called the uncanny valley. Basically, everything that tries to emulate a human being will have its flaws look monstrous to some people.
Why does a headache disappear after like 3 hours of sleep but it doesn't when you are 3 hours awake?
Headaches have a myriad of different causes. Some are related to the food you've eaten, or something you have had to drink. Some headaches are caused due to constriction of blood vessels which can cause a headache to get more acute when walking around due to an elevated blood pressure. When you sleep, your body relaxes and your blood pressure is lessened which will cause some headaches to lessen. If a headache is caused by dehydration, the body will attempt to alleviate the defecit by drawing water from tissues that store it which can occur at a faster rate when the body is at rest.
Why do engineers use I-beams when the triangle is the strongest shape.
I-beams are intended to span between columns, so they specifically need to be optimised to handle *bending*. When a beam is loaded, it bends in the middle, and its internal stress varies between max tension at the bottom and max compression at the top. It turns out that the most efficient way of handling that is to have essentially all the steel at the top and bottom, and reduce the webbing to the minimum necessary to hold it together. If the webbing is overstressed, it gives a little and transfers the stress to the top or bottom anyway.Triangles are strong indeed, but you're considering the wrong plane for the stress. And generally I-beams are rolled, not welded. The beam needs to be stiff along its length - less so across its section, generally. The web of the I-beam puts the greatest depth of material in the plane of the stress, with plates each end to prevent twisting. Of course, there are beams made of triangles, such as the Warren truss.
How can an odor be contained?
An odor is a series of particles dispersed in the air that land in your nose and dissolve on your epithelium in your nose, which then signals the brain about what just dissolved on it, which is what we perceive as smells. So, anything that can contain particles dispersed in air can contain an odor. It would have to be an airtight, imoermwable container.Odors are chemicals that come off certain things and get into your nose. If you prevent them from getting into your nose, you won't smell them.
Lots of ads these days about America's cell phone networks/wireless internet. What's the best one now? Tomorrow? Next year?
I personally like the info provided via Consumer Reports. I'm not sure they can provide the forward-looking info you want, but they do a decent job of ranking each provider within key cities and talking about throughput. They also provide info such as buying guides for free, but you'll have to pay to see some of the detailed info.
Why do many pictures from the black and white era look high definition?
Because they're analog, and not taken by a crappy cell phone camera. Actual, real, photographic film is as high a definition as it gets.Because 8mm and higher film is pretty good quality. Most old movies were on 35mm, which has an equivalent of 4K.
How do homeless people survive snowy winters?
In many areas, homeless shelters and other charitable organizations open more beds in the winter time. Some may "fly south." Any form of shelter, even unheated, can provide relief from winter weather; many will squat in abandoned buildings. Also, just because a person is homeless doesn't mean they are without heavy clothing or well-made sleeping bags, many of which are designed for use in sub-zero conditions. Truthfully, snowy winters are easier to survive than low-precipitation winters, because snow itself can serve as insulation from winter weatherSome get themselves thrown into jail for a day . Or rely on blankets/ fires for warmth. So in other words not easily
why do you get nightmares when you're feet are uncovered?
This sounds very much like confirmation bias. Unless you can provide some evidence that this phenomena exists, it would be hard to explain it.
how long would it take to breed a almost truly intelligent animal?
Actually a lot of dogs are smarter than wolves. But when we breed animals we're usually not aiming for intelligence. Smarter things are cool and all but they're smart - they need intellectual stimulation, they break shit and mess around and don't listen to you and manipulate you because they're smart and it's beneficial. We have dumb lazy couch potato dogs and smart dogs who need extensive training not to screw around.If you are referring to human type intelligence, there very well may be some already. Crows & dolphins seem to exhibit forethought & "conceptual" thinking, and are very quick learners throughout life. They may not be tool users, per se, but does that define intelligence? If you are asking about how long till we can *talk* to them, again - seems we already can, several great apes have learned sign language. But we also think there are some animal species that have their own "language," we just cannot understand it. Have we made animals *smarter* then their ancestors, sure, dogs are a given. There are also norwegian rats, those buggers know how to get food out of the fridge, and set off traps without getting hurt. No way would they have need those kind of skills in the wild. IMHO, humans may not even be the *smartest* animals on the planet, just the best tool users. EDIT; grammar
What does it mean to be a "4th Alarm Fire"?
In general, these are multi-alarms 1 though 5. You are correct in that they are an increasing level of manpower and equipment as the level increases. How much per level would vary by the city involved. There is no fixed set of people or equipment per level, but you will see more specialized equipment and more senior personnel at each level.
Why did the ruins of Rome and Greece become "ruins"?
Long term exposure to the elements with no one repairing the structure and in some cases people actually breaking up and taking stone away for building materials.
What is that strange feeling of numbness we get when we wake up in the middle of the night?
Yer probably describin' the physical consequences of *sleep paralysis.* Yarr! Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: Sleep Paralysis ]1. [ELI5: Sleep paralysis and why it happens. ]1. [ELI5: Sleep Paralysis ]1. [ELI5: Sleep paralysis? ]1. [ELI5: How does sleep paralysis work and why does it happen? ]1. [ELI5: Sleep paralysis ]1. [ELI5: What happens during sleep paralysis? ]1. [ELI5: What does Sleep paralysis feel like? What happens during it? ]
why all the big leaks, even from 2016, look like they have been typed on a typewriter? Surely in this day and age, there must be more modern font than a typewriter.
It's because they use a monospace font. That means every letter takes up the same amount of space . The emails were not sent in that font. The text was extracted and styled with that font.
How do blind people dream?
In the case of people who are born blind, they just dream as they see the world normally. So they just dream in terms of sounds, touch, and smells. How people dream is based on the maximum sight they had, for example if someone has bad eyesight or goes blind later in life, but they did have normal eyesight at some point, their dreams will be in normal eyesight.
How the Skarp Razor works, when they aren't actually burning the hair?
The general consensus is that it's faked, and the video uses a nichrome wire to try to fake it. Here's an article about it on a website that I read that has some stuff about it, especially in the comment section _URL_0_
why do we usually say "ow" when we hurt ourselves?
Short answer is both social conditioning as well as vocalizations actually helping to reduce pain. Studies have shown that verbal expressions, especially swearing, actually reduce pain.
Would a cell phone work in space?
The main problem would be heat. Cell phones passively cool themselves via the air, but there's a distinct lack of air in space, so despite the near 0C temperatures in space, without a way to get rid of heat , the phone would overheat. If you could cool it, then it should function.If the question is "would I be able to whip out my phone to take a quick space selfie and send it over Snapchat while in orbit?", the answer is unequivocally no. At least the part about actually *sending* the Snapchat to your friends, anyway. If the question is "can I use it to play games when I get bored or for any other offline function?" The answer is eeeeeehhhhhh it doesn't look good. Like has already been mentioned, temperature is going to be your biggest problem. However, if the question is "can I use my phone as a fancy paperweight in space?" the answer is still no, because paperweights operate by a mechanism called "gravity." ;)Surrey satellite Technology in the UK collaborated with the University of Surrey and produced strand-1. One of the onboard computers was a Google nexus smartphone. Among other things as a "get people interested in science" type activity people were invited to submit videos of them screaming to prove that in space no one can hear you scream. As for the thermal issue:- The smartphone had a program on it that served no function but was quite computationally expensive which heated the phone when required.- As for the hot case I 'd assume the body of the spacecraft blocked out a lot of solar radiation and then I 'd suggest just making sure there's a good conductive path to a greater thermal mass. Then paint the hot stuff black. For the power of a phone it should be possible to keep it cool passively, all be it with some hacking around of the phone casing. Source: _URL_0_And I'm a former employee of Surrey Satellites.
What would the process be for Ukraine to join Nato and how likely is it at this point?
Interesting question here. I am currently living in the Republic of Georgia, and I can tell you that for a country to join NATO, the process is quite extensive. First, they spend years of sending NATO verification officers to the country. These people inspect everything dealing with any sort of human rights. Prisons, orphanages, hospitals, elections, etc. They also inspect the military and their training. After years of this, they then vote whether or not to offer the NATO Membership Application Plan to the country often referred to as MAP. This is a step closer, but means even more scrutiny under NATO officials. They do the same as before, but I believe they write it all up into some sort of report which is ultimately presented to the NATO members. The NATO members then vote on whether or not to accept the country. The main reason Georgia has not been accepted is due to the fact that Russia occupies Georgian territory in Ossetia and Abkhazia. This means that if NATO accepts Georgia, they will be expected to help Georgia push the Russians out. Putin recognizes this fact, and that is why he annexed Crimea and is attempting to occupy more territory in Ukraine. Keep in mind, he vowed never to allow a NATO country to border Russia, and he considers the collapse of the USSR as the greatest tragedy of the 20th century. Obviously he doesn't give a damn about the holocaust and WWII. But that's a whole another subject. I hope this answer helped, even if it is not from a Ukrainian point of view. Edit: My first gold! YAY!", 'One of the accession rules at the moment, is you cannot have any boarder disputes when you join. Russia currently occupies Crimea, so he may be trying to prevent it from joining by doing that. Of course, the NATO members could all vote to waive that rule, if they wanted to enoughNATO Rule: An attack on one is an attack on all. So unless NATO is excited to attack Russia, they are unlikely to let Ukraine join.
Why isn't it possible to construct an angle trisector?
[The full proof] is pretty complicated, but it really boils down to the fact that just an unmarked straightedge and compass can't "solve" the equation necessary to produce a trisection of an angle. Use a *marked* straightedge, and you can do it.
Why do we remember real life experiences so much better than we remember dreams?
Dreams are a side-effect of your brain sorting through memories. Some of that 'bleeds out' and we remember that as dreams. They're not something that's meant to be remembered.
How come all the satellites around the earth don't collide?
its really very simple the majority don't collide because they never cross paths. There are not a lot of satellites for the amount of space they take up and for two to collide they would have to cross the same point at the same time which is very hard to do. More likely is that a piece of debris is on a collision course or passes close enough to cause concern. In that scenario most satellites have small Thrusters and/or whats called a Control moment gyroscope to control attitude which allows them to be maneuvered out of a collision course, assuming you were able to detect the debris in the first place. for orbits think of it like a circular path around the earth when you are in orbit you are basically moving fast enough that as gravity tries to pull you down you miss the earth and keep falling and the faster you are going around the earth the larger your "circular path" is. Also many satellites especially for communication are in geosynchronous orbit which means that every time the earth completes an rotation the satellite completes an orbit. two satellites in geosynchronous orbit on the same orbital inclination could never collide because they would be going the same speed.
Is light produced from a light bulb the same as the light produced by the sun?
Yes. Actually its extremely similar in that both emit a continuous spectrum that is called [black body radiation] as contrasted to eg. LED lights that only produce spikes at certain wavelengths.
What is cardio? What is actually happening as I get better at running?
Increased blood volume, stronger muscles , and slightly reshaped bones are three of the things that you get from training that make you better at cardioYour heart is a muscle. In order to get oxygen to your body, you must pump blood, a combination of glucose, red blood cells, white blood cells, water, dissolved gases, etc., via your heart. As you run your body requires greater energy . Your heart pumps harder to circulate these necessary items to your body in order to meet these demands. When you perform exercises called "cardio," which means that they increase your heart rate by a certain amount to potentiate an increase in efficiency, you are exercising your heart. The more you work your heart, the better it will get at achieving this. This has all sorts of health implications. It reduces your chance at heart attacks , heart failure, coronary artery disease, etc. All of which you can look up definitions for: Here for the professional and technical explanations:_URL_0_ Here for the laymen explanation:_URL_1_
Why does my stomach growl more in class than when Im home all day if im starving at both places?
Your stomach can sense the stomachs of other people and has to show its dominance. So it makes loud growling noises to show that you are the alpha stomach and you are not to be messed with. Also, your stomach will growl more when you are out on a date in a quite movie theater as a sort of mating call. Its a primal instinct.It's probably because you hear the growl more often in class as it's more silent and boring . At home you're probably more engaged in an interesting activity which usually keeps you occupied enough to not notice the growling.
Why do adults and teens have differently shaped knee caps?
Hi, there. I thought maybe I could chime in here, as I know a thing or two about the subject. Knee caps do not change shape with age. Source: I am an adult and I know how bones work.They don't. Kneecaps do not change shape as you age . Individuals may have different shapes, but they do not have differences based on being a teen or not being a teen.
Why do drums hold 55 gallons?
A standard drum is actually designed to hold 200 litres with a little air space on top. That works out to about 55 gallons./u/Concise_Pirate is right. The Drums are designed to hold 200 litres of liquid with about 18 litres of space in them. Because the US doesn't use Litres though, they call them 55 Gallon drums.
Why is flexibility attractive in women?
nope its all about the sex, for me its just the idea of what it means is on the table for us to be able to do. I may be able to try new positions with a more flexible partner. Is it a huge deal? no, but its enough to get a few thoughts rushing through my head.It may have something to do with being an indicator as to the natural fitness of the woman. This means that they are more likely to produce a healthy, strong, fit baby. Hence the male attraction to this characteristic. Another example of this is mens infatuation with large breasts. Large breasts means greater supply of nourishment for the baby. Which means the baby is more likely to survive infancy. Or how men check out women's rears. What men are really looking at is the width of the hips which is important to the safe birthing of a child. Nearly everything a man finds physically attractive in a woman has something to do with their ability to reproduce or the strength of the genes they might provide. It's classic Darwinian evolution. How the modern media has distorted this view by using skinny, flat models is a psychological discussion for another day.
Why does medicine taken under the tongue enter the blood stream faster?
Under the tongue, there are a large number of blood vessels/capillaries. There, the drugs can enter your bloodstream without going through your digestive systemOthers have already answered your question, but I wanted to add that this route for administering medication is called sublingual.All the routes of drug administration can be broadly classified into two: Local and Systemic. * **Local route** is when drug is directly applied at the site usually in the form of some lotion or ointment. * **Systemic route** is when drug is orally taken, kept below the tongue , given rectally, given directly into vessels , or inhaled. Each of the route has its own advantages and disadvantages. **Keeping a drug sublingually is a quick way to administer drug but not every drug can be absorbed from beneath the tongue. And some drugs are not pleasant to taste as well.** Plus you cannot ask a child to keep a drug beneath the tongue. Drug delivery is fastest when given parenterally. When given orally, the drug has to reach the stomach and the intestines from where it is absorbed and taken to the system. But before a drug is taken to the system, it has to go through liver. In liver most of the drug quantity gets metabolised or degraded. Hence, this way the drug takes more time to reach its site of action and even then lesser amount reaches in the form in which it works. This phenomenon is called as first pass metabolism. When given parenterally or sublingually the drug just enters into the bloodstream. It doesn't has to go through stomach and intestines to be absorbed. It also doesn't has to go through liver. So there is no first pass metabolism. And drug reaches its site of action quickly and in much more amount. But again not all drugs can be absorbed from beneath the tongue. It has to be **lipid soluble** to be absorbable from there. It also has to be **good in taste**, else I am simply spitting it out.
Why to muscles start to shake when they are under exertion?
When your brain sends the signal to the muscles of the arm to lift it, it also sends out a ton of signals telling the muscles to relax. If it didn't, your muscle would contract so hard, so fast, that it could snap your bones out of their sockets. So, ideally, the minimum number of muscle cells required to do the job will be used. This is also more efficient, in terms of energy consumption. The skeletal muscle cells in your arm are long when relaxed, and when an electrical current from your nervous system is applied to a cell, it contracts. That's why muscles always pull, never push. As it contracts, it pulls on the next cell in the chain, which is also contracting and pulling on the next cell in its chain, and so on down the line until it connects to the bone. This moves the bone, hopefully. But when the bone doesn't move because it is supporting a very heavy weight, some of your muscle cells break. Chains snap and other cells take on more of the load. This can cause some shaking. A lot of that shaking, though, is caused by the fact that your body is trying to use only the bare minimum of muscle cells required for the task. Aside from the big muscle doing all the heavy lifting, you need to have a lot of smaller muscles controlling the weight as you lift it. These muscles are smaller and weaker, and the body is trying to use them as little as possible. So, they are constantly tensing and relaxing as the weight moves and they correct for slight movements of the bar in one direction and then the other. This is what causes most of the shaking. The stabilizer muscles are the first to go in a lift. That's why someone can help you lift a weight with only two fingers that you can't lift by yourself. They're doing the stabilization for you, which keeps you from shaking, which gives you confidence that you are lifting it, which helps you lift it.
why is 42°C concidered a fatal temperature for humans, are components overheating like in a computer?
Components heating like in a computer is a good analogy there are many things going wrong in your body at this temperature but one of the key things is your body is full of complicated biological molecules called _enzymes_ which control all the chemical reactions that keep us alive. Enzymes are made out of protein and above a certain temperature they start to change so that they no longer work. We can see proteins changing with temperature when we're heating meat in a pan and it changes smell and colour. We're literally starting to cook inside at these temperatures.Eventually, the heat will start denaturating proteins, which means that some essential processes simply cease to function. But that requires a temperature above 42°C, closer to 50. The reason such a high fever is so dangerous is that the regulation of many processes is out of whack, since temperature affects biological processes very significantly. One of the characteristic symptoms of excessive body heat is that the blood vessels expand in order to transport more heat to the surface, which makes blood pressure drop to such a low level that oxygen supply to the brain is threatened. People will become dizzy, pass out and eventually dieAt 42C the proteins that make up your cells start breaking down. Just like the solder in the computer can liquefy and flow away at high temperatures.
How do snipers work in pairs?
sniper scout teams work in pairs. a spotter and a shooter. the shooter's role is to focus on the target and making the shot. the spotter's role is to provide a broader field of view, determine windage, elevation, calculate distance to field markers, provide wide view intel, as well as covering the shooter.The other person in the team is commonly called a "spotter" and carries a spotting scope. He also provides general security for the sniper who has lower situational awareness. The spotter also assists in calculating the shot by determining wind speed, distance to target, etc and relays this information to the shooter.The spotter is feeding the shooter information he can't see for himself. Range to target, wind speed and direction, keeping an eye out for anything else that may compromise the shot, etc.
Why do cats push on you with their paws before they go to sleep on you?
Calls back to their hayday of "kneading" on their mothers teats to get milk out of them. It means they considering you their mother/protector, and they love you a lot.
What happens when you're knocked out/become unconscious?
What you experience, or physiologically? In terms of experience, I've passed out twice from an injection-induced vasovagal syncope. I'm not afraid of needles, they just make me pass out for some damn-fool reason. Anyhow, both times it was like a jump-cut in a movie. I'm really, REALLY light-headed, and then all of a sudden I'm lying on the ground with a nurse asking if I'm okay and saying I've been out for 30 seconds or so. It's actually kind of a cool experience, but I don't recommend seeking it out because of the possibility of head injuries due to falls.
Why do we hate "bandwagoners"?
People don't like to feel like they've lost a claim to something they once felt defined them. They feel like people who didn't get into their thing at an earlier point do not understand it in the way that they do, and that they only joined because it was popular. In short, they feel threatened about losing a part of themselves to the mainstream.
Can we put something completely static in space?
It turns out that there is no such thing as being *absolutely* still; you can only be still relative to some other object. So you can be perfectly still relative to whatever object you please, but it's impossible to be "objectively" still._URL_0_ An object in geostationary orbit will always be above the same point on Earth, 24/7, but it's still moving in a sense. It just happens to be orbiting the Earth at exactly the same speed the Earth rotates. If you tried to make an object that is currently orbiting slow down and stop moving, it would just fall to Earth due to gravity. You could theoretically have it constantly fire rockets downward to keep it at the same distance from the Earth, but then it would still be moving along with the Earth in orbit around the sun. If you figured out some way to make an object be perfectly still relative to the sun, it would still be moving along with the sun relative to other stars in our galaxy.
What is the white stream seen coming from the back of airplanes?
There are two or three kinds of contrails. One kind is from wingtip vortices . At the tip of any wing, the high pressure air underneath swirls around to the low pressure region above, and as the plain flies along this leaves a tubular vortex behind it. The pressure at the center of a vortex is lower than the surrounding air, so if the plane is flying through moist air that's just on the edge of cloud formation, the water vapor in that low-pressure region condenses out into fog and you get a pair of contrails coming off the wingtips. In some cases, [even the normal low-pressure area over the wing is enough to produce condensation]. [Here's a nice photo] showing wingtip vortices as well as the far-field vortex wake of an airliner. Here's [a kind of crazy shot] showing a bunch of low-pressure regions made visible around a transsonic jet by condensation. Another kind is engine exhaust. Jet exhaust has a bunch of water vapor in it , and if the temperature/humidity is right, this can condense out into water droplets or ice crystals. This is what /u/barc0de is talking about. ISTR there's a third phenomenon where the airplane can cause nucleation of visible vapor if it flies through saturated air, but I think that's a rare case.
Whats going on when my URL bar sais about:blank?
When a browser sees "about:blank" that tells it to display a blank page. Sometimes when bad coding or weird hiccups happen, your browser will open a new window, but fail to understand what's supposed to go in it, so it defaults to about:blankAll browsers that I am aware of have about: pages built in. About:blank is a universal one telling the browser to just open to a blank page, something a lot of users like to set as a home page so that they can just open their browser and go rather than wait for a home page to load. Also try about:help and, if you are on Chrome, about:chrome, and about:firefox and about:mozilla on Firefox.
Why Cassini needs to crash into Saturn to avoid contaminating a moon?
Huygens probe is clean, Cassini is not. It's pretty much as simple as that, but there's also that Titan is significantly less inhabitable than Enceladus so if something was hitchhiking it would most likely die.
how do police enforce speed limits with aircraft?
There are lines painted on the highway at known intervals i.e. 1 mile apart. Use a stopwatch and bingo, you're busted.
If I chill a (crappy) glass on the freezer then take it out and immediately pour boiling water in it, it will crack and possibly shatter. What exactly is going on?
Part of the glass gets hot, and before it can conduct that heat to the rest of the material, the rest of the material is cold. When things heat up, they expand, so one part of the glass is expanding while the cold part remains contracted. This results in thermal stresses causing the glass to break. If you let it heat up gradually over time, the glass would heat at a much more uniform temperature and thus there would be lower thermal stressesWhen you change the temperature of an object, its size changes. When you chill the glass, the glass shrinks. When you pour in the hot water, parts of it expand quickly while other parts expand slowly. This difference in expansion causes a lot of stress. If a substance is very tolerant of this sort of stress, it will just warp a bit until the temperature stabilizes and then return to its original shape. Glass is very intolerant of these sorts of stresses, so just a bit of stress of this sort and it breaks.
Canada has a number of military procurement issues with arms manufacturers in the western world, largely having to do with cost. Why won't we consider buying arms from the eastern world?
Western military stuff is the best, and it's not even close, like an iPhone compared to Zack Morris giant cellphone. Military hardware made in the east is crap, really crap, it's geared more towards low cost 3rd world nations that don't care if stuff breaks or backfires or even hits it's target or can be fixed etc. Crap, awful. Want replacement parts? Lol And if you get into a conflict with one if those nations, well you're fucked right? Good luck getting any more. Buy from your friends. Also Canada has to get items that will work with NATO, it's militarily alliance, eastern stuff isn't compatible . It's simply not practically possible
What essentially is the difference between public schools and charter schools, and what is the broad argument against charter schools in many communities?
A public school is a school that is funded with taxpayer dollars and must follow all of the rules and regulations in place by the government. A charter school is run privately but is also funded with taxpayer dollars. They don't need to follow all of the same rules. Essentially a private company is deciding what to teach your kids, and not the public who funds the school. A public school generally will provide a more secular and standardized education, while a charter school can push some biased agenda. It's a major issue because young minds are impressionable, and the ability to promote an agenda to children in school has a huge potential to cause problems.
How do insect and bug sprays kill insects but don't harm us
> How do insect and bug sprays kill insects but don't harm us Most insecticides target specific aspects of the insect nervous system which are different from those of humans and mammals in general. These neurotoxins have various different types so getting into the details can be quite complex, but the general idea is that insects are sufficiently different for specialized substances to be toxic to them and not really for humans.
Why are all of my dishes dry after running the dishwasher, except my Tupperware?
Heat. Ceramic and metal items get and stay hot enough in the dry cycle for the water to evaporate.Because they're plastic. Plastic is a poor conductor of heat. So when the dishwasher is hot and makes all of your glass and silverware hot enough to evaporate the water on them, the plastic doesn't get that hot, and so not as much of the water can evaporate/dry.
Why is the last game of a baseball series called the "rubber match"?
For starters, it's only a rubber match if each team has won a game in the 3-game series-- meaning, the winner of the rubber match wins the series .I believe the term "rubber match" comes from [Bridge], where a "rubber" is a best 2 out of 3 competition. According to [Merriam-Webster], this is a general meaning of the term, not specifically bridge, dating back to 1599 but whose etymology isn't known.
Why does throwing up hurt?
I've always found my abdominal muscles hurt more when puking. As you get older, you're not supposed to throw up unless you really need to get something out of your system. Generally, the GI tract is a one way ticket to your butt. Everything about the musculature and nervous system is suppose to ensure a nice easy transit through your whole system. Chew food up nice and tiny, you swallow, peristaltic motion brings this newly ingested food to the stomach, where it chills until it's time to move into the intestines, nutrients get extracted, moisture gets extracted, until you have a bunch of poop in your colon that's ready to be expelled, hopefully into a toilet and not your pants. Generally, a one way system. When stuff has to come out of your stomach, it needs to go back up a one way street. It's needs to go back up in a hurry, you can't just have a bunch of vomit hanging out in your esophagus. To accomplish that, your body needs to use a bunch of muscles in a way they're not really meant to be used. And it's a violent series of muscle contractions to accomplish that, so you generally feel sore and bad because it is a taxing thing for your body to do.
How does a tax haven country benefit from the rich storing their money there?
You put the money into a bank in that tax haven. Banks, when they look after your money, don't just leave it sitting in the safe doing nothing. They invest it! They might do this by lending it to other customers , or by investing in the stock market or the currency exchange market. But that money is busy earring the bank money.
Why does driving at 50km/h feel like standing still after you've been driving at high speeds?
You don't perceive linear velocity, you perceive angular velocity. Think about it like the Trench Run in Star Wars. If you're flying at 1000 km/h on the surface, a wide open space, things don't look like they are moving very fast. You get inside the trench doing 1000 km/h and it looks like you're going very fast. Things travelling across large angles of your field of vision is how you perceive speed.
why can we hear our own voice in our head when we "think".7
Imagine our brain takes all human vocal samples we hear and puts them in sound "Jars", and attaches a sticker with a picture of the human that is speaking on that jar. Whenever you imagine what a person's voice would sound like, your brain opens that jar and you hear his vocal samples. Imagine Morgan Freeman's face, now, his voice saying: *" I just don't think I can continue to live in a place that embraces and nurtures apathy as if it was virtue."*. Suddenly by the end of that sentence you'll hear his voice in your head, even if you said "**I** just don't think" - it wasn't you speaking to yourself, it was Morgan Freeman speaking to you about himself. When you speak to yourself, you imagine you speaking to yourself, literally. That is why your brain opens the jar with your face on it and you hear your own voice.That's a good question, although it doesn't apply to me. I would hazard to guess this: People are usually divided on their ability to memorize and analyze things by HOW they remember. Usually this involves a large stimulus like hearing, touch or smell. Since you can hear your own voice when you think, did it ever occur to you that it may just be that it's easier to remember the sound of something? What about the last class that you took ? Do you remember, word for word, what the teacher said and explained, even in the middle of an exam? I've read , that a lot of people actually find it easier to remember things through smell. Read a book while there is a specific smell in the air, and whenever you smell it, the same memory pops up in your head. Amazing stuff when you think about it. Hope that helps clear up the question.To further that question so, What do deaf people hear in their head when they think/read something?
Why isnit that it's difficult to retain your balance if you close your eyes?
Balance is accomplished by a few things working together. You have your ears, your eye fluid, and your brain . It’s the same way you can tell if you’re standing up, staring at a wall or the ceiling. Basically seeing helps you orient yourself. Cut that off and then the line between looking forward and looking 20 degrees to the left starts to blur and it’s harder for your brain to triangulate how you head is oriented and which way is straight and level. You can prove this pretty easily by sitting in a chair, closing your eyes, standing up, and trying to move around. Your head will lock up in where it thinks “straight” isBalance is a sense, just like sight. Humans have many more senses than the traditional 5 we think of, including: Time, effort, worth, balance, depth, temperature, pain, kinesthetic, agency, familiarity, and several internally-focused senses, as well as some social senses, like empathy. There are even more than I have listed here as well.
How do states have time to pass silly bills when there are far more pressing issues at hand?
Writing a bill can be done by anyone with the interest in doing it. Many bills are written by companies or organizations, they just find one state senator to sponsor it. Voting on a bill hardly takes any time at all. What takes a long time is finding compromise. With the really difficult and important issues, nobody can agree on the solution, so state legislatures spend most of their time arguing about how to compromise.
How come people die of Cholera and Dysentery from drinking dirty water but people with scat fetishes seem alright?
So, let's take as a situation a small village where there are 1000 people. All of 1000 of them poop in and all 1000 of them drink from the same water source. In that situation if even one 1 of them gets sick, then all 1000 of them could drink the infected water and get sick all at once. Whereas if they are doing scat things individually with one another, then if 1 gets sick, then only 1 other person will get sick. So the chances are getting sick in a sewage situation is very high, whereas in a one-on-one situation you're fine unless you have the bad luck literally to be doing it with the one sick person. That said, it's probably still pretty risky.
What happens when corporations buy back their own stocks? Why is this done?
The primary purpose of a stock buyback is to boost the earning per share and thus boost stock price for those who still hold shares. If a company had $100 profit and 100 shares, then EPS is $1. If company buys back 20 shares, then EPS increases to $1.25. Presuming a constant multiple of 20x, the stock should increase from $20/sh. to $25/sh. Also, with fewer shares outstanding, the company can raise the dividend by splitting the pool of money among fewer shares. In some cases, share buybacks might also be done to counteract share dilution from stock grants and options being exercised by employees — one of the reasons for Apple’s buyback in recent years, along with it being a way to return shareholder equity via use of their cash reserves.Another reason I'll touch on is future planning. Stock is used as an avenue to quickly gain money for large investments. If the company is not planning any large purchases but has a surplus of cash, they can buy back stock today, in order to have the option of selling it in the future when they want to buy something big.
Why do women adopt their husband's last name upon marriage?
Because, traditionally, marriage was a transfer of property. The bride's father transferred ownership of the bride to her new husband. Hence the giving away of the bride by the father that still occurs in many modern ceremonies.
What is phantom limb pain, and how do people feel it?
There are two strips of brain cells that run from ear to ear across the top of your head . One strip is used to control all your movement in your body the other registers sensation all over your body. We can actually map out a person's body on these strips. When a person loses a limb, the parts of these strips that used to control and feel the sensation for that limb eventually get re-purposed by nearby areas. So if you lose your left hand, the neurons that used to feel the sensations on the hand start feeling sensations of the forearm, bicep, and even face. However, sometimes the brain forgets the limb is missing and mistakes the firing of the neurons in what used to be the hand area for a tickle or itch on the hand when in fact the sensation was actually on the bicep or face. The sensation of gripping with a phantom hand works much the same way in the motor strip.Phantom limb pain is when an individual perceives feeling in a limb that is no longer there . Basically a sufferer's brain "thinks" that the limb is still there, so it is able to perceive these feelings. Pain and feelings are in our mind. One technique that's been used with some success to treat it is something called a mirror box. Suppose someone lost their left hand and they imagine that the hand is in a tightly clenched fist. The patient would place their right hand in the mirror box and see a reflection of their right hand, but it looks like their left hand. They can then manipulate their hand's\' in order to un-clench the fist and relieve that pain.
Why Is it possible to watch sick stuff on porn but when you get to try it IRL its suddently not so appealing?
Why is it possible to enjoy a movie like John Wick, were he relentlessly kills dozens of people, but when you see it in real life it's sickening and traumatizing?
Why do I have to worry about an SSD in a personal computer losing space over time, but I don't have to worry about that problem on my cell phone or ipod?
You don't have to worry about any of that. The SSD will be replaced by the time it dies. It takes 10 years of copying 30GB of data, daily, to a SSD to kill it. Cellphones and iPods do use flash memory as well, so it's likely, they would also have the same effect, but again, they'll be in a trash heap far before the drive is useless.
Why is Venezuela suffering from blackouts and violence?
Ok, I I think I can explain it. But not in an ELI5 manner, so bear with me for a moment, please. Now, Venezuela has been suffering from a lack of infrastructures since around the 80's. Just to give you an idea, the biggest highway in the capital was built during the 50's, and most prisons are at least 30 or 40 years old, if not more. The electric grid and the hydroelectric plants suffer from a similar issue. They can barely function to provide electricity to such large parts of the country, since they were built without the huge population grow in mind and weren't really improved upon that much neither by the current government nor by the older ones. This, coupled with the fact that Venezuela occasionally suffers from droughts causes blackouts to be a very common thing. Now, the violence. That's one harder to explain and I'mma dip a bit into some controversial territory . Venezuela has an incredibly large amount of poverty, which coupled with another part of the same infrastructure problem causes trouble. For example, [these Favela-like slums called Barrios or Cerros] . Most of this poor population is also in many cases illiterate, and as such there's not a large amount of jobs they could aspire for . Which moves many of them into delinquency. On the other hand, the Venezuelan police force are highly ineffective at combating this delinquency, being underpaid and in many cases under-equipped to face criminals. So, in short, the high percentage of delinquency of the country is caused by an ineffectual police force, lack of available jobs and an incredibly large amount of the population living in poverty. There's also many more, deeper, issues at hand. Like the high levels of corruption and even the causes of this poverty in the first place. But we would be getting much deeper into controversy and political discussion, and ELI5 is not really the place for it. Hope this helps.
How come buses do not have seatbelts?
The bus driver, as the operator of a motor vehicle, is required by most states' automotive laws to wear a seatbelt. The reason for it is physics. Have you ever seen a bus and sedan collision? The result is a pancaked sedan and barely scratched bus. An occupied bus has *far* more mass than a four-door car, meaning much of the impact can be mitigated. When a collision happens, the force exerted by the car onto a bus is not great enough to be a life-threatening issue. Think if a bowling ball collided with a baseball. The baseball would shoot forward while the bowling ball would barely budge. It's the same thing happening here.
If DNA is the blueprint for creating enzymes that synthesize DNA, how did DNA first come about?
Miller and urey did an experiment some 50 years ago. They took basic chemicals and put it in a special flask that simulated prehistoric conditions such as lightning and volcanic acitivty. Macromolecules like DNA, RNA, and fats formed. Probably one of the coolest experiments ever in my opinioPretty sure you are asking about the origin of "life". Unfortunately no one has been able to answer that yet.
Why do we need to go to Mars?
Because having every human being in existence living on one easily destroyed rock is incredibly short sighted. We need to start moving off of earth if we want to survive and evolve as a species. Plus it would be indescribably awesome to know that a member of my species is standing on another planet more than 33 million miles away. It just boggles my mind that a little more than a century ago humans were mostly stuck in the ground, and now we're capable of colonizing a completely new world.Not because it is easy, but because it is hard. /JFK Because it is there. -George MalloryIt's important as a race to keep technology moving, and getting people to Mars is the next logical step after getting people to the moon. We don't "need" to go, but in order to do stuff like mine asteroids/planets and explore the galaxy, it needs to be a progression of technological steps and putting people on Mars is the next obvious one.
The symbolism behind Bioshocks Andrew Ryan
As a place to start - You should familiarize yourself with Andrew Ryan's namesake Ayn Rand. Andrew Ryan is pretty much Ayn Rand's philosophy's given flesh and then everything goes horribly wrong.
How are the people investigating Hillary right now not part of the "establishment" that would want Hillary to win?
The only people who want Hillary Clinton to win are Democrats. Republicans have every interest in spoiling her candidacy as it would be a shocking scandal that would hurt the democrats at large in the presidential race. [CNN is reporting that the Republicans are claiming credit for the Benghazi hearings as a political move against the Democrats]. The Republican establishment wants her gone, and they represent about half of the Washington establishment. The Washington establishment is not one group, but two groups who keep each others' influence in check through their endless political wars. The Republicans would love to see Sanders win because the blow to the Democratic establishment would make Trump less of an embarrassment to them, and because they could play it against the whole party.
Why do babies cry? Wouldn't this be an adaptive nightmare for early humans who had to deal with predators?
Babies are cared for in the group. A group of humans is going to be loud anyway, so having a baby cry doesn't particularly add to that loudness. And very few predators would attack a group of armed humans. The crying is a good signal however that this baby needs to be attended to and it is also a good way to help find a child should they ever get lost. Might it draw predators near in that situation? Yes, definitely. But a child without a group is pretty much dead for anyway. Better to run the small risk of being caught be a predator with the chance that someone might find you VS staying quiet, lowering the risk of predators catching you, and then starving to death.
If forensics try to match a bullet to a barrell based on markings. Why not record the barrell before sale and index the markings?
Matching a bullet to a gun by barrel marks borders on impossible. Constant changes to cleanliness, heat stress, wear and tear .. even variables in ammunition quality . in a court of law, the best a forensics person could say is the bullet is consistent with the gun type, but could never with 100 percent certainty say that x bullet came out of y gun.While manufactures do include brass with new pistols sold, there's a problem having a database of barrel markings. Unlike fingerprints, that have been converted to digital signatures for ease of searching nobody has done that with ballistics yet. And many pistols have easily replaceable barrels. Which would greatly complicate any matching.They do. Most companys will fire a test round before shipping the gun and will package the brass with it. If your gun is ever stolen, take the brass to the cops and they can match it with brass found at a crime scene if its been used.
What does Bill Clinton balancing the budget mean?
Balancing the budget means the government spent less than they took in. Clinton raised taxes, cut spending, and had huge revenue from the dot com boom. The US still had a deficit, which is why foreign debt could increase. If you make $50K a year and spend $60K, then you have $10K debt. That $10K is the deficit. The next year, you make $50K and spend $48K. Your budget for that year is balanced since you took in more than you spent, but you still have the $10K deficit from the previous year. Foreign debt is just \'how much of the deficit do I owe to foreigners", so that portion can increase or decrease while keeping the total deficit the same. Year 1 you borrowed $10K from your neighbor. No foreign debt. You then borrow $5K from a foreigner and pay your neighbor. Now you owe $5K to your neighbor and $5K to the foreigner. Foreign debt increased but you still owe a total of $10K the same as when you started.
Why can't towns create their own internet networks?
They can. Its just expensive, and requires a town budget spending that needs to be approved. The term is municipal network.
people with crosses on their heads today?
Today is Ash Wednesday. It marks the beginning of Lent in Christian religions . It symbolizes the start of the trials of Christ in the desert prior to his crucifixion; where he was being tempted by Satan. Traditionally, the ashes are made from burning the previous year's palm leaves from Palm Sunday. Source: Was raised Catholic. Edit: Fixed a comma splice XP
Why are there "Terms of Service" of websites? What do they do and don't do? What happens if you go to a website with no TOS?
TOS are quasi-legal contracts between you and the website. Most of them are filled with legalese that lets the website do anything and takes away any legal rights you might have had , and these sorts of TOSs are not always legally enforceable in their entirety. Sometimes TOS spell out how you are to behave in the community, but again these are merely CYA so they can ban virtually anyone for whatever they think is misbehavior. If you go to a website that does not have a TOS and/or a McDonald's that also does not have a TOS you merely retain all your normal legal rights. TOS only exist because it's 'easy' to make everyone click the agree button on a website, and because people will do it. You don't see TOS in a lot of business because it's awkward to have everyone who walks into your store sign a waiver - but if the business is sufficiently dangerous they will still have you sign one
how do people who speak Mandarin spell out their written language to someone over the phone?
Like i want to say my last name Yang. I would say 'my last name is yang, the one with a tree in front of it' 杨 And its a very common last name. Most people would know how to spell it.
Why can I keep butter at room temperature for days at a time, but not cream, when butter is made from cream?
The butter you're leaving on the counter is salted butter, which is therefore preserved. If you did that with unsalted butter, it'll spoil. You can prevent that if you store your butter in a [french butter dish]. It's an extremely simple device, The lid holds the butter in the cup. It's butter, it'll stick in there. The basin has just a little bit of water in it. When you place the lid on the basin, the water creates an air tight seal around the cup. It'll keep your butter fresh for a month.
When reading comments, why is it that sometimes you can see the amount of points a comment has and other times it looks like this [~]?
Subreddits can set where you can't see the number of upvotes or downvotes so you won't upvote because everyone else does.
what does #mbps up #mbps down exactly mean?
It measures how quickly you're able to transfer data. "Down" speed is incoming data , "up" speed is outgoing data . For example, downloading a 5-gigabyte file at 25 megabits per second will take 1637 seconds, which is about 28 minutes. Unfortunately, "mbps" is kind of ambiguous: it could refer to mega*bits* or mega*bytes* per second . If someone is being technical "Mb" is a megabit and "MB" is a megabyte but you should be cautious, since a lot of people are sloppy about that. When in doubt, it's usually megabits. edit: fix unitsA byte is a capital \'B\'; lowercase \'b\' denotes a bit. Usually, there are eight bits in a byte. Your computer will measure sizes in bytes, not in bits. "Mbps" means Mb/s, or millions of bits per second.
What are the mechanics of throwing? Why do we point our non-throwing arm at the target then drop it as we move our other arm forward?
This boils down to generating as much force as possible. Think about how something like a trebuchet works -- there's a heavy counterweight that swings down, and this creates a ton of rotational force. Your non-throwing arm is doing the same thing. You point it out, then swing it back through your shoulders, generating extra force in your throw. The weight and momentum of that arm helps to propel the throwing arm forwards.