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Why do bridges ice before the road?	I may be wrong about this, but I was always told it's because of cold air movement above/below causes it to freeze much quicker, whereas regular road is partially insulated by the ground", 'The bridge is colder than the road because it is not insulated by Earth from below, and air over water is colder in general.
Are vitamin pills beneficial for us to take, or are they a complete waste of money? Is eating healthy food the only real way to absorb nutrients?	Vitamins A, D, E and K are fat-soluble, meaning that they dissolve in fat, rather than water. This means they tend to hang around in the body for a while. A large overdose of these vitamins can be dangerous, especially a chronic overdose since it will build up in your system , but what's in a single daily multivitamin dose isn't likely to hurt you. The B vitamins, and vitamin C, are water soluble, and tend to flush out of the system quickly. These reek a bit if you take way too much, but again what's in a single daily multivitamin isn't going to hurt you. Each of the vitamins does something specific, and can cause illness if you don't get enough of it. But this is unlikely; you can get what's needed by eating normally and healthy. An excess of vitamins doesn't really help, the vitamin C controversy notwithstanding. There are a plethora of other minerals that are on the market. Iron, folic acid, omega-3 pills, calcium, the list goes on and on. But really, the only reason to take these is if your doctor tells you that you're deficient in something. TL;DR: They're probably not going to hurt you but there's not really a need to take them unless you're deficient.
- how does someone get into whiskey/bourbons and able to pick up tastes?	Just like in beer, it takes training. You have to try a lot of different types and compare notes. It helps to find one or two you really like, drink them a bit to become very familiar with them, then compare others to your "base".
Would the Attack on Titan 3D Maneuver gear work on Earth? If not, anywhere else?	No. 3DMG relies on rapid changes to momentum that would wreak havoc on a human body that weighs 150-200 lbs, especially since most of the force would be applied to one section of the body. Your second question is the more important. At 1.35 m/s^2 , there is a planetary body where the average human of the same dimensions would weigh only around 30 lbs, and furthermore large-scale monsters like the Titans could theoretically move around. Plus, it can be theoretically terraformed for human life. That location is, of course, Saturn's moon, Titan.
What are the differences between alcohols (Isopropyl, stearyl, etc)?	It has to do with the other parts of the molecule. Alcohol just means it has an -OH group on the molecule, ethanol has two carbons attached to the OH, methanol has one. . The difference between propanol and isopropanol is the configuration of the extra bits. So propanol is just a straight chain of three Cs, while isopropanol has a split, where two Cs on the end bond to the carbon with the OH. Google images is your frend here. Any alcohol you can think of is shown on images. As far as the real differences, like the stuff you care about, that’s a bit harder to predict. In essence, it’s about how well it will mix with water. Somthing like ethanol, with only a few carbons, will mix well with water, and not so well with oils. As you add more carbons on, the better it will mix with oil, and the worse it’ll mix with water. The best “cleaning” alcohol will be one that hits the perfect balence between water and whatever you’re trying to cleen off. That way, it can bind to the dirt, but still be washed off with the water.
How are stores like Dollar General able to stay in business despite selling things for a dollar?	Some of it's special made stuff targeted to be under a dollar, others is just stuff other stores are looking to get rid of , so they sell it at a loss to recoup some of their cost. Dollar stores just ensure they always spend less than a dollar per item and thus they can make money.They buy their products in huge bulk quantities from low-cost manufacturers in China. They pay much less than a dollar per unit. You can get such prices too, on Alibaba, if you buy thousands of units. _URL_0_
My co-pay is $20, but without insurance it's thousands of dollars. How does the insurance company make any money?	In part, because the insurance company doesn't actually pay that "uninsured rate": because they are a huge customer, they negotiate much better rates for the drugs/services. You will never see what they pay: they get an invoice for the face amount, and then get a discount off that. It's somewhat the same for car dealers. There's an "invoice" with a price, but they don't actually pay that price. The manufacturer gives them all kinds of discounts and credits based on complex rules, like if they meet an overall sales goal they get an extra 5% off.Actuary here. In general, it's simply because certain risks are diversifiable in aggregated quantities. As you aggregate individuals, the general health of the population tends to approach the mean of the popuation . Not all risks do this naturally. For example, interest rate risk is not really diversifiable , because no matter how large of a fund you aggregate, you earn the same interest on all the cash. The same isn't true of things like expected future lifetime or expected health care utilization. That said, other factors come into play such as network discounts ). Rate setting is based on historical data and trends, so all that is accounted for in the rate setting based on your demographics, which are priced in order to turn a profit on aggregate pools of risk. But the basic reason it works is simply that large groups of people can have health risk diversified in the population and tend toward some average that makes sense.
Gyroids. Because the wikipedia page was so non-layman that it hurt to look at.	> A gyroid is an infinitely connected triply periodic minimal surface discovered by Alan Schoen in 1970 A gyroid is a surface in space, just like a plane, the surface of a sphere, or the surface of an idealized doughnut are all surfaces in space. Notice how a plane is unlike the surface of a sphere—the plane extends infinitely but the surface of the sphere is finite. A gyroid is infinite, like the plane. Notice how the surface of a sphere is unlike the surface of a doughnut. If you have a sphere and you draw a line on that sphere that doesn't cross itself and ends where it started then you can always inch that line smaller and smaller until it collapses into a point . With a doughnut shape you could draw a line following the same rules that would not collapse to a point picture; both of the colored lines have this property). A gyroid is like the torus, only infinitely so—there are infinitely many "holes" in the donut. The next layer to add is that this surface is "triply periodic." That means that if you look at one region, then you shift over by some amount in the x direction then you'll see an exact copy of the surface. Same for the y and z directions. [This] image shows a bit of another triply periodic surface that's a little easier on the eyes than the Gyroid. The next layer to add is that the surface is a "minimal surface." That means that you can't make a small modification to the surface that reduces its surface area. It would be like making the surface out of stretchy fabric and the fabric pulls itself taut. That describes the mathematical terminology used in the opening of the article. Technically there are lots of triply periodic minimal surfacesI read that wiki page the words appeared to be in english but I suspect otherwise.
Why don't bugs flying inside fast moving vehicles smack against the back window?	Why would they? The air in the car is moving along with them. When you're coasting on the highway at 65 if you put your hand up in the air does it get thrown back behind your head? No because your arm is already moving at 65 MPH.
When I'm walking I'm heels, why do the "clop" noises my feet make always seem like they are 2 different pitches?	They're coming from two different angles, and since they come from two different sources, the sound waves will bounce off two different sets of objects around you. It'll be a subtle, but noticeable difference.
Is the center of a rotating circle at rest?	The very center of a CD it is rotating, but not moving in space There is, in general, a line through any rotating body called the axis of rotation. Any points in the body that fall on this line experience no motion due to rotation. All other points experience motion due to rotation. In principle, if you were standing somewhere along the line and had no knowledge of what was going on around you, you would have no way to know the rest of the body was rotating. tl;dr: The exact center of a uniform disk has a rotational speed of exactly zero. It does not rotate.Speed is usually measured in unit of distance per unit of time. The center has no speed in this sense, but it is moving because it is rotating. like RPMs Rotations Per Minute
How did WWII ship flak guns work?	At least for US ships, the classic flak burst comes from either the 40mm/56 Bofors, 3"/50 AA or the dual-purpose 5"/38. The biggest bursts would come from the 5", as you suspect. The general idea is that the 5" guns shoot down the planes as they're coming at the ship, so rotation required is minimal. When they get close enough that you need to rotate faster, they're within range of the 40mm Bofors guns, and closer still the 20mm Oerlikon guns. It's a layered defense.
What's to stop from getting the license, buying a gun, selling it to a criminal, and then just reporting it stolen?	That's a specific federal crime already, a straw purchase. It happens, but it's almost never prosecuted. Its what most gun owners mean when they say "Why not actually prosecute the laws already on the books instead of drafting new ones."', "Seems like a lot of work for very little gain. You could only do it once or twice before they figure out what you are doing, and you'd have to come up with a way/situation in which it was stolen without it looking like it was your fault. Which probably means smashing a window to make it look like a break in. And a new window would cost more than what you make in selling the gun.
Why does ice taste bad with milk, even though it is great with every other cold beverage?	Personally I enjoy ice in my milk, I like it to be ice cold and don't mind if it'd a tad watered down at the end
If you can create a smoke ring, could you make a regular air ring?	Yeah of course. Like you said though, it'd be invisible to us. There are underwater bubble rings with air though! It's all about fluid dynamics
How are old videos that were filmed in black & white converted to color?	There literally was a person/team of people who colored it in. As you can guess, it is very tedious work. It is also very difficult of beginners, I'm a semi-pro at most everything Photoshop, but I can't for the life of me realistically colorize a B & W photo, let alone an entire film.
'Scandal' in UK Newspapers over funding Hate Speech, and why many companies are stopping adverts being shown in these papers	Several newspapers in the UK, most prominently the Daily Mail , are considered by some to promote hate speech. For example, the Daily Mail often makes articles which aggressively target immigrants, foreigners, single mothers, people forced to make use of state benefits, etc for heavy criticism. If you're American, they're very much like Fox News. Dirty tricks like having huge frontpage bold-font headlines telling blatant lies, then when they're forced by law to apologise for telling said lies, they tuck it away on page 14 in tiny print in a little sidebox that nobody ever notices. But they're also one of the most-read publications in the country, so they hold considerable sway with what they print. The funding thing is just about businesses. Lego, for a big example which has been in the news today, used to advertise extensively in the Daily Mail, giving out free Lego figures with the paper. As of late, a campaign came out pointing out that the Daily Mail is considered to be hateful and unpleasant by a lot of people, and that Lego, being a family friendly kind of company may not want to be associated with them. The campaign was a success, and Lego decided not to advertise with the Mail anymore.Companies like LEGO don't want to have their name associated with a brand that happily promotes hate speech. It makes them look worse even though they aren't doing anything wrong. It's like in Peep Show when Mark makes friends with Daryl but then finds out that Daryl is a massive racist. Mark doesn't want to be friends with a racist so he dumps him. LEGO is Mark from Peep Show.
What exactly happens chemically that causes your body temperature to rise when you're sick?	Your body releases signalling chemicals that cause your blood vessels to shrink and move deeper into your body, making your body less effective at getting rid of metabolic heat. It's kinda like a car turning off its radiator.
What's the difference between Body Wash & Shampoo? Why can't we use one for the other and visa versa..?	Not an expert, but I've read that the scalp prefers a different pH than the body. But this may not be significant enough to matter. OTOH, women tend to have longer hair than men and a shampoo may be better for longer hair. Lady Brienne of Tarth may ignore this.
Can someone explain to me money markets to me like im 5?	It's no different than a regular savings account, just higher minimum balances which usually yield higher interest than a simply savings account. It is not linked to any external risks, most Money Market account's are FDIC insured. Rates are generally 25-50% better than the average savings. It differs from a Cetificate of Deposit because you can take the money out when ever you like with no penalty on the interest, up to 2 times a month.
Why is it advisable to block your license plate when sharing a photo of your vehicle?	License plates can be used to find where the owner of the car lives. Unless you're completely comfortable with random strangers knowing that, it might be a good idea to block the plates.
Why do lower frequencies in speakers require more power? Shouldn't it use less power since the speaker vibrates less?	Another way to think about this is the question: Why do treble sounds travel farther than bass frequencies? To answer this, take a look at the waveform of the frequency in question. The treble wavelength will be much shorter, meaning that for the same power, an audio source can achieve a higher total sound output due to the shorter wavelength. Let's say the treble frequency is around 13kHz, while the bass frequency is around 40Hz. This would mean that the treble frequency is 325 times shorter than the bass frequency, thus leading to the conclusion of both your question and the question I presented. Since a lower frequency has a longer wavelength, the speaker moves more to achieve the same output. This is why you can see speaker cones moving more during bassy music more than treble-y music. It travels farther because, again, less power is needed since it's a significantly shorter wavelength. Hope this helps!
Why converting human power to electricity in gyms isn't worthwhile.	Because the amount of electricity humans can produce through mechanical exertion is extremely small. A typical person on a bike generator can produce about 100 watts. Assuming someone is using the bike 24 hours per day, that would result in about 72 kilowatt-hours of electricity per month . A typical family uses something like 1000 kilowatt-hours of electricity per month. So you’d have to have something like 13 or 14 electricity generating bikes constantly being used just to supply one family with electricity. The cost of ordering special bikes that generate electricity and setting up the infrastructure so that you can provide power back to the grid would be far greater than any savings you would get from the electricity generated.
In terms of genetics, what is a 'library'	Basically it's a collection of genes that have been identified, that we know their purpose and we know the DNA sequence that codes them.
Are there any rules about which company name appears on a credit card statement as the payee?	I am not 100% sure but I believe the written text is just a note field, the numeric references are the real information. I know that one UK credit card company actually offered the ability to change the text when they started experimenting with an online portal.
Why do electronic devices have a limit on the storage size of MicroSD cards that can be used?	Right now, we see a pretty strict limit around 32gb, the point where larger cards must follow the SDXC standard, which also mandates a different filesystem. While for many devices this can be added in by a software/firmware, older devices that no longer see updates may never get that added in. While the 2-4gb limit between SD and SDHC did not require a new filesystem, there were still many cases where an update for SDHC support was never made. In addition, many manufacturers, at the time of device's release, will simply stated "up to [largest card currently made]".
How are some car radios capable of spelling out song titles and artist names when tuning into some FM stations?	Radio stations do a lot of clever work to fit more information in the audio stream then just the audio. Originally an FM station were just a simple mono audio signal. However they found out that the signal quality were good enough to deliver audio signals at much higher frequency then the humans can hear. So they composed the difference between the left and right audio channels and turned the pitch up higher then humans can hear and sent it out on the FM band. A stereo FM receiver were then able to split the audio signal based on pitch and turn the pitch down to its original pitch to then make stereo sound. Later on someone figured out that there were still a lot of unused signals above human hearing so they added a digital signal to a high pitch frequency so it can display the name of the radio station, what song is played and even codes for traffic information where it is supported. So the name of the song title is just part of a high pitch audio signals on the FM signal.
How is the ozone hole "healing"?	Ozone is constantly being created in our upper atmosphere because of UV radiation from the sun. It's a good thing too, because otherwise that same UV radiation would cause all kinds of trouble for humans here on the ground. But in the previous century we had a number of machines, chemical processes releasing nasty chemicals into the atmosphere that would hurt this ozone layer. This was visible in a measurable lack of ozone in the most fragile spots, around the Earth's poles. These "holes" in the ozone layer grew to an alarming size. Thankfully the use and release of these chemicals were banned, and now, slowly, we can see the ozone holes shrinking again.
How does my tv, which has no internet connection tell me what the next program will be?	Assuming you have cable, your cable provider subscribes to a service called an 'epg' which stands for electronic program guide. This is the electronic equivalent of the TV guide magazine. This is sent to the tv on a special channel along with all the regular shows.
What are incredibly niche stock images actually produced for? Are they commissioned, if so by who?	Stock photos are taken by random photographers that then give the stock company the rights to the photos in exchange for payment when purchased. Having photos on a stock website does not guarantee it being purchased. I 've been a model for almost a decade and worked with hundreds of photographers. Some of them create photos with a purpose in mind, an example would be a novel cover or news article. Photography is an art and a means to express ones creativity. As you can imagine, that would create some real weird stuff like an old lady licking two popsicles. Or the time I was dressed as a 50s housewife for a pin up shoot and the photographer decided to get "creative" and have me get on my hands and knees, make animal noises and angry faces while he took photos. This is what happens when you are paid for stock photo work sometimes . I prefer to shoot fashion and lifestyle lol But anyway, just because a stock photo exists doesn't mean it was ever bought and doesn't mean the creator made it for a specific purpose other than his own crazy ideas.
What is a Sievert and its SI multiples? How much is dangerous?	> For example, 3.58 µSv, is that a lot of radiation, or not so much? Would I, or any other body, be in danger around that? That's quite a small amount of radiation. We all get a little radiation when we go about living our lives. For example those who live in Princeton gets a little under 3 millisieverts/year from natural sources ). And the upper limit for people that work in radiation rich enviroments is set to 50 millisieverts per year. And I guess you know that there is 1000 µSv in one millisievert . XKCD made a very very nice [graphic of radiaition levels] that I think you will find interesting and informative.
Why is marijuana officially classified as a hallucinogen if you dont actually “hallucinate?”	There are tons of psychoactive chemicals in cannabis. They vary greatly from strain to strain. Some strains are bread specifically for their high or low levels of this chemicals. Some of these chemicals are in fact hallucinogens. Most of them subside after regular smoking due to building a tolerance. It's much more mild than DMT psilocybin or LSD.
Do the signs on the backs of trucks that say, "warning stay back 200ft, not responsible for broken windshields" carry legal weight?	They carry zero legal weight in cases where something falls from the truck. You can't unilaterally disclaim liability for negligence. Loads are required to be secured in every state. The driver would be negligent by either not securing the load or improperly doing so, and a single stone falling from a truck is an unsecured load. They generally would not be liable if they truck were to kick up and object from the road that did not originate from the truck. Now getting them to pay is a another matter. First off, you have to prove that the item came from their truck, then you have to deal with their internal claims departments in many cases which will often stonewall, even for provable cases.
How do traffic lights 'know' when to change, etc.?	Some traffic lights are on a timer. Those are the lights that seem to take forever to change. Other signals are triggered by a pressure plate under the asphalt, you can usually spot these by a square "patch" looking piece of asphalt at the stop line. The mechanism used usually depends on the amount of traffic at that intersection.Some are on timers but others use an induction loop. You'll notice these have lines cut into the asphalt at the light. Basically, electricity is used to create a magnetic loop that detects the metal from the vehicle. It then sends a signal to the computer that tells it there is a vehicle there.
In the USA, what is life (in practical terms) actually like for illegal immigrants? Can they get jobs, legally drive, get healthcare, etc?	They cannot legally get jobs, they cannot legally drive as they cannot legally get a driver's license, they can get treatment at an ER but they cannot get health insurance, they cannot legally get an apartment because they lack the proper documents, etc. What this means is that everything they do is under the table. They get paid in cash, and pay for everything in cash. The people that are providing these things are criminal and are shady. They do not have any legal protections from these people taking advantage of them .As far as I know, illegal immigrants in the US can get jobs but for them to not get caught, they have to accept their pay in cash ONLY and never in check. If that happens, that’s automatic proof that they’ve overdid their stay and are working illegally and they can’t go back to their country. Same thing goes for apartments, cars, shopping, etc. Payment method is always in cash. Some illegal immigrants opt to marry someone and get their greencard PS: I’m not an illegal immigrant, officer.In the US, many rules are either made or enforced at the state level . So state level rules matter, and can differ. Currently 12 states allow illegal immigrants to obtain legitimate drivers licenses. In the states where citizenship is required to obtain drivers licenses, illegal immigrants may use [identity theft] to get jobs, pursue drivers licenses etc. No employment checks are made for very short term work hired by non-businesses . This provides another source of work and income for people without citizenship. This allows an underground, cash based economy, to function. Ever since 1986, [federal law has required emergency rooms] that accept medicare to treat anyone without consideration of their citizenship, legal status, or ability to pay, so anyone can get health care at an emergency room. Almost all hospitals accept medicare so almost all emergency rooms see anyone who comes.
Difference between speculation and investment?	Investment is a general commitment of resources to whatever you decided. Specullation as a financial investment colloquialism in general means acting on an expectation, often with the aid of a loan of sorts. That practically means that any investment in a development over the result of which you do not have complete control is a specullation, strictly speaking. The line is blurry because the definitions and perceptions of this control vary.
System of Linear Equations/Inequalities?	Let's say you don't get an itemized bill but you want to figure out the prices at the restauraunt: You order a hamburger and a beer totaling $15 and on the second visit you order a hamburger and 2 beers totaling $20. How much does a hamburger cost and how much does a beer cost? h + b = 15 h + 2b = 20 We subtract the first equation from the second one: h - h + 2b - b = 20 - 15 b = 5 Now we know the beer is $5. We plug that into the first equation: h + 5 = 15 h = 15 - 5 h = 10 Now we know the hamburger is $10. This is basically the most intuitive, practical and useful field of mathematics there is. A lot of things can be expressed as a set of linear equations and linear algebra is basically how we manipulate all data.What would you like to know about them? They are a related set of equations. If you have as many variables as equations then you can solve it. If not then you can only solve for a line.
What an 'Epipen' is and how it works?	An epipen is an easy to use syringe filled with epinephrine, an artificial form of adrenaline, and a few other drugs. It is one of the most efficient ways to delay an acute allergic reaction until you can seek medical treatment. If someone gets an allergic reaction and have problems breathing so you are not able to communicate with them. Then call the emergency number and look if they have an epipen with them. The instructions on the epipen should be simple to follow. When you inject them with the epipen the symptoms change as they go from an acute allergic reaction into adrenaline shock. Just keep them breathing until medical services arrive and can help outIt contains an attenuated dose of epinephrine which is used in the event of anaphylactic reactions. It is an auto injector which means that all you have to do is take off the cap and press firmly in the thigh. The needle will pierce the skin and inject the epinephrine and then automatically retract. Hold the epi-pen in place on the thigh for 5-10 seconds before removing it. Then massage the injection area.An epipen is an automatic syringe/injector that applies a dose of epinephrine , which is also called adrenaline. If you're having a bad allergic reaction, it can keep your throat from swelling shut, until you can get to a hospital. People who are allergic to peanuts or bee stings often keep one handy.
In evolution how did sexual differentiation come about, like males and females?	[Ah, wikipedia :)]. The reason is genetic diversity. If you have two genders, that's twice the genes to one specimen , which allows helpful gene selection to occur. The species then evolves quicker.In The Selfish Gene I believe it was explained that very very early forms of life found a reproductive advantage when one set of them invested more time an energy into in the replication of organisms like itself. The other set of similar organisms took advantage of not having to invest as much time and energy into the reproduction process by developing to be smaller, faster, and more numerous. The two distinct sexes formed around this principal and the process is still used today by our gametes . This is an ELI5 version of the story. The book goes very in depth on this topic.
Why does wind or moving air feel cool to animals and humans?	When it is hot you sweat. Moving air makes sweat evaporate faster and evaporation absorbs heat making it cooler. Also, when the air is still your body creates a sort of "heat bubble" around you . When it is windy, a steady supply of cooler air is able to absorb more of your body heat. Heat transfers more quickly to colder things.
Why do I feel like smoking about 13 cigarettes a minute when I'm drinking alcohol?	Alcohol gives you very poor impulse control. Nicotine is highly addictive, which means it gives you a strong impulse to smoke.
freudian theory; id, ego and super ego	The Id is the primal, uninhibited part of oneself, which bases all of its actions on instincts and urges. The Superego is the part that bases its actions on social norms and expectations. Basically, the Superego is one's idealized version of how he or she should behave in a civilized society, while the Id is the caveman version. The Ego is a combination of the two, or the version of oneself that manifests in one's everyday life, due to the competing influence of the Id and Superego
If there is no matter in space, what do the rockets push on to accelerate a ship?	That's not how rockets work. Rockets don't "push on" anything. They're not sneakers. By igniting a chemical reaction, they cause an action, i.e., projecting a stream of expanding gas in a particular direction. The reaction is moving the rocket in the opposite direction. Whether the surrounding environment is a vacuum or not is entirely irrelevant to that analysis. Indeed, rockets work better in a vacuum, as there is no atmosphere to resist the motion of the engineRockets push out the fuel as particles that accelerate the rocket. Newtons third law is that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. As the rocket pushes the fuel out the back the fuel pushes back on the rocket to move the rocket forwardIf you sit in a wheeled chair, and throw a big heavy object in one direction, you and the chair will move the other direction. That is the essence of a rocket. The mass and the velocity of a system has to remain the same. With a rocket, you take a small amount of mass and shoot it out incredibly fast in one direction to move a huge amount of mass very slowly in the other direction.
How do geese seem to know exactly when to return?	They don't. They are actually pretty terrible at it oftentimes. I've been seeing small groups of geese flying north for about a month now, as Ontario has been gripped by The Winter That Shall Not Die. It's only in the aggregate that geese are good at this, but that makes sense, and is a fairly common pattern in nathoseture. Those who are less good at their timing won't have the sort of reproductive success that those better at it will find, all else being equal.
Why do we start to salivate when thinking or about to eat spicy or sour foods?	It's a Pavlov's dog effect. We're conditioned to associate the smell of spicy and sour and even the thought of it with eating food, and so our body physically reacts. It's not specific to spicy foods at all. If you walked into a bakery every day and ordered a loaf of bread and then ate it, the smell of bread would probably cause the same effect for you after a while.
Why do postage stamps have curvy edges?	In the old days, stamps were printed on a big sheet of paper, and they 'd use a machine to poke rows of tiny holes in the paper so that it would be easy to tear off individual stamps. Those "perforations" would make the edges of the torn off stamp look wavy. Modern stamps are printed on strips of sticky paper with a waxy backing so you can peal them off. Instead of poking holes through, they use a thing that looks like a cookie cutter to make cuts in the sticky paper and, usually, leave the backing paper uncut. Since people are so used to the wavy edges, the cutter has wavy edges to imitate the stamps from long ago. It no longer serves a function though. When you have something with a shape that mimics the shape of something older, but no longer serves the original, or any, purpose, that's called skeumorphismThose are the result of perforations to make separating stamps them from the rest of the sheet.
How can healthy individuals with no symptoms initially develop allergies later in life?	Also want to know this. Used to be allergic to cats and fine around dogs. Now it's the opposite.
Why don't you see rain in sports tv broadcasts?	My guess is that it's the focal length. When they show the field they have to use a rather large focal length since the players are rather far away. When they show the bench they would use a smaller focal length which would include the rain. Depth of field is probably also in play here. Wider aperture for they players, since they move so much, but it can be narrower for the bench.
Can the POTUS issue Executive Order on withdrawing from NATO?	No. NATO is part of a treaty , and only the Senate can make or break treaties. Withdrawing from any organization that we are members of by treaty, like NATO or the UN, isn't something that the president can do unilaterally.International treaty powers are given to Congress in the Constitution. The President could order the military to ignore NATO and withdraw support, but that would raise a much larger constitutional legal problem inside the government.
Why do electronics which have gotten wet, stop working even when they completely dry?	In addition to the damage being done on contact ; tap water, rain/flood water, etc contain a lot of impurities. The evaporated water leaves these behind which may create a delayed onset of corrosion, which can cause poor contact between components and connectors. Distilled water is actually safe for most printed circuit boards as long as it is applied and completely dried before power is given to the device.Water conducts electricity, so if a device gets wet, it can short out and destroy some components. It's like wiring every component to every other component. Bad news. Only one component in an important pathway has to die for the device to stop working.
How do antidepressants work in the human brain?	I'll just touch on the most common type of antidepressant, which are SSRIs, or "selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors." Serotonin is a chemical transmitter that we understand to be important for regulating mood and other "higher" functions. It's released from neurons in certain parts of the brain, where it binds to neurons elsewhere and tells them to do things. Without getting too complicated, this brain activity helps make us feel "normal," or not depressed. People with depression tend to have low stores of serotonin to release, or don't release as much as they should. The purpose of an SSRI is to make that available serotonin last longer. Naturally, the brain recovers serotonin that's been released, and recycles it for later. As the name implies, a "reuptake inhibitor" will stop the brain from recovering that serotonin, so it has more time to float around and do its job. True ELI5 Answer: If you imagine serotonin as kids running around being happy in a playground, SSRIs are equivalent to giving them snacks and water so they can play all day. That, or like slashing their parent's tires so they literally can't leave.
Why do humans still have to do their own taxes? Why isn't this process automated?	It is automated. In other countries. Lots of countries don't force their citizen to do their own taxes, although they're still allowed to if they really want to . It's fully possible to do, if your nation just wants to develop the tools to automate it. I'm 32 and I've never even once done my taxes, just glanced over the work that's been automatically done to see if there were some obvious errors.
What happens when you have a 'pinched nerve'?	When pressure is applied on a nerve it gets activated, that's how nerves work, you will feel the pressure, pain, etc. However, when too much pressure is applied to a nerve by surrounding tissues, such as bones, cartilage, tumors, muscles, overgrowth of bone or tendons. This pressure disrupts the nerve's function, causing pain, tingling, numbness or weakness.
Why is it that when a couple gets divorced the guy is usualy the one who gets screwed over the most?	Households that had a traditional gender role split then have a traditional gender role split in divorce. If a married couple choose to have children, and decide to divide the labour of raising the family such that one person sacrifices a career, while the other maintains their's with minimal interruption to provide the financial needs of the household, it makes sense that, were the household to split, the one who had historically been the caregiver would continue to be the caregiver, and the one who had been the financial giver would continue to be the financial giver. This heads off problems where the one who gave up career nurturing would not be up shits creek because they had no resume to show for the time that they committed to the nurturing of the children in the household. It also heads off the problem wherein the one who had traditionally been available and dependable in their career, suddenly might have to take off way more time, and become way less dependable, in service of nurturing and raising children. Finally, its head off the consequent, were the two less-desirable outcomes to happen in which the first cannot actually find a job and the second DOESN'T sacrifice time from their job, therefore not providing well enough for the children.
How are crimes solved years after the fact using DNA evidence?	DNA, kept in reasonable decent conditions lasts of several years. While it does degrade over time, it's half life is somewhere north of 500 years.1. Dna technology has improved significantly over the years. 2. Despite what csi shows, not everything in every case has dna tests done. It is expensive and slow and if there is other evidence, the prosecution may not run it and the defendant may not have the money to have their experts run it. 3. Police keep evidence in storage long after a trial and maintain chain of custody. 4. They may have run dna but not known who to compare it to. A jotel room or a park could have dozens of people's dna. If it has the victim and the defendant's, maybe they consider that evidence of guilt and presume the other dna is from strangers. Years later a new viable suspect surfaces and low and behold his is one of those "stranger\' dna samples.
Why does it take so long for major reform to happen if most of the general public agrees that change needs to be made? e.g. Marijuana and Gay Marriage	The government is designed to be slow to save us from ourselves. Having to go through the process theoretically vets new ideas and changes so they're not implemented hastily with no thought to the consequences. It may be inconvenient when the changes are positive, but it's there to prevent bad ideas from being enacted without having the time to think over them.
What happens when people die?	She is in you, and in your siblings . You carry her genes, she told you her memories, she taught you how to live your life.You'll get a lot of answers from a lot of different people. Unfortunately, though, there's very little scientific evidence that anything happens after you die. Other answers you may get deal with religion and faith; those things might enrich one's life but ultimately science cannot prove or disprove those things. I'm sorry for your loss.
How do we get songs stuck in our heads?	Short term memory has an audio component. When you rehearse something in your head it gets recycled into short term memory and reinforced. So you hear the song, your STM registers it, you rehearse it in your head a few times, it gets stuck! If you want a more in depth answer I would suggest googling “short term memory components”
A Calabi–Yau manifold and other higher dimensional shapes.	You're not alone. Our brains evolved in a world with only three extended spatial dimensions and that means we simply don't have the mental wiring to be able to "visualise" more dimensions than that. Some scientists and mathematicians who 've spent years working on concepts of multidimensional objects claim to be able to mentally "see" 4-dimensional shapes but I suspect even then they're using some kind of simplificationIt sounds like you're mostly interested in the extra dimensions from the perspective of string theory, where they exist in the real world and are curled up. But if you're interested in higher dimensional shapes from a purely mathematical point of view, where they only "exist" in the mind, then start with all the many cool pictures on this wikipedia page: [Tesseract]> My understanding of higher dimensions mostly includes the notion of dimensions tightly coiled on top of each other , and I can't quite rationalize how extra shapes are formed in those coils. Not necessarily. Certain theories of physics predict higher spatial dimensions, but we appear to live in a universe with only 3 spatial dimensions. So one possible explanation is that there are small, "curled up" spatial dimensions that we can't see. But dimensions, as an abstract mathematical concept, don't necessarily have to be "curled up." You can have as many dimensions as you want. And you can shape them however you want. It won't necessarily correspond to anything in the real world, but in abstract mathematics, things rarely do correspond to real life.
how CRE can pass its drug-resistance to other bacteria	DNA can be stored as small, circular, independently replicating molecules called [plasmids]. These can be passed from one bacteria to another in a process called '[bacterial conjugation]'. Basically the plasmid has genes that code for proteins that build a [pilus] which extends from the first bacteria and contacts the second. This then allows them to contact each other and build a bridge between them. A copy of the plasmid is nicked and a single strand of DNA is transferred. Each bacteria can use the single strand as a template to make the full double-stranded plasmid. If the transferred plasmid has genes that provide resistance to antibiotics, that trait is transferred to the new bacteria.
Why is the age of consent in some countries such as Japan and Mexico so low compared to countries like the US?	In Japan, the national government leaves it up to municipalities, who enforce higher ages such as 17. To some degree this also happens at a state level in Mexico. However, to answer your question more broadly: historically many societies have felt that sexual activity is permissible after puberty. It's only in the last century or so that many countries have decided otherwise, based on ideas of emotional maturity or the need to get an education before parenting; these were not considered important factors historically.I live in Mexico and I do think the age of consent should be higher . Most teens start having sexual experiences around the age of 15 thus, leading to low education and complicated family scenarios.
how does the money I spend for a CD get to an artist?	Depends on the term of their record contract. If they're on a label that puts their music up on iTunes for example, the label gets a cut and so does Apple. My band was on a small independent label that was a subsidiary of a larger label and each of them got a percentage, so I think after all was said and done the band got 25% or so of total sales. For every dollar we made on iTunes we'd get about 25 cents, which ideally would've been split between the 5 of us but normally just went towards future expenses. If you're buying a CD at walmart or target the artist will receive pretty much nothing as the retailers cut is so high. If you want to support an artist and put money directly into their pockets, go to a show and buy something from their merch table or preorder their album from the labels website. Labels like preorders.
Why is it better to start with cold water and boil it when making pasta or coffee, rather than starting with hot water?	It is a myth that cold water boils faster than hot water, but hot water can freeze more quickly than cool water due the [Mpemba effect.]', "Depending on the plumbing standards in your country, the hot water system may not have been built with any regard for the hygiene required for use in food. Being good enough to wash in doesn't make it good enough to eat.
Why does the space shuttle or the soyuz need special tiles to reenter the atmosphere but spacex falcon does not?	Are you talking about the Falcon 9 first stage, or the actual Dragon capsule? If you're talking about the Falcon 9 first stage, that's because it separates from the rest of the rocket at a relatively low altitude and speed, and thus there's less heat during reentry. It also burns it's engines to slow down to further reduce heating. If you're talking about the Dragon capsule, it does have tiles. The shuttle and Dragon have reusable tiles since the shuttle was reusable and so is the Dragon. The Soyuz does not have tiles. It has a simple ablative heat shield because the capsule is not reusable. Once it lands back on earth, its job is done, so the heat shield does not need to reused either.The falcon is just the first stage rocket and never gets anywhere near the speed needed for orbit. Thus, it does not heat up nearly as much during the landing phase.Don't think about the heat tiles as being about heat. Think about them being brake pads. Crazy right? What the heat shield is ACTUALLY doing isn't protecting the ship from heat, rather it is slowing the ship down from EXTREMELY fast orbital speeds to basically conventional falling speeds. It does this breaking through air friction . The friction are what cause the heating. But really all that energy that was put into speeding the spaceship up enough to orbit the earth and raise its altitude enough to get into space, that energy needs to be shed before landing, and the heat shield is how that is done.
How are record sales calculated now that there is music streaming and the ability to buy one song?	Streaming and downloading services record the number of plays individual songs get, and this time is broken down into "record equivalent plays" which basically says something like "10 song sales is worth 1 album sale" even if it's all 10 sales of the same song off the album. Currently, Billboard equates 10 song purchases or 1500 streams as an album sale.
Where do a lot of gay men get their lisp from?	I'm not a gay man but I am gay , so I 've spent a lot of time on the gay scene and tend to be friends with gay men more so than women. It's the same as so-called "ebonics" - it's a learned behaviour, to fit in. There's no genetic reason for it, it's just a case of fitting in with the pack. If your circle of friends all said something a certain way or used a new word to describe something, you 'd naturally start doing it tooThis is pretty loaded. So Im going to remove it. _URL_0_
How does a hospital medically induce someone into a coma?	giving someone barbiturates will put them into a controlled coma where the body can heal itself until it is ready. For more information on coma - _URL_0_', "Emergency room technician here, the medically induced coma you're probably thinking of is propofol. Its the stuff that Michael Jackson was using to sleep.
why did the universe "start"?	We do not know. We cannot even say with complete confidence that it has a start, although the leading theories of the day suggest it. Current science is not capable of getting all the way back to "time zero," nor whatever occurred before that, if such a concept is even meaningful.
How do Interim championships in UFC work	So champions in fighting are decided linearly: you beat the current champion now you are the champion, you get beat the guy that beats you is now champion. But if the champion is temporarily unable to fight because of something out of their control than the sanctioning body will allow two highly ranked competitors to fight for the interim title so that there is still a champion. Once the linear champion returns they'll fight and reunify the championship
How and why do men ejaculate with more velocity when they are more excited?	Welp, I just spent a good ten minutes reading about ejaculation on wikipedia, so now I'm an expert. Here's what I think, based on this sentence: > A prolonged stimulation either through foreplay or stroking leads to a good amount of arousal and production of pre-ejaculatory fluid. Increased arousal or longer arousal time produces more fluid production, which builds up more pressure, which, upon release, splooges with more force. [this] article seems to express a similar opinion. [As does this post] from some website I just found while googling. So, like you're five, the more pumps you give your super soaker, the more pressure builds up, and the harder it [shoots] all links sfw
Why are doors much easier to close when my window is open?	Because by slamming your door you push a lot of air into the car. This causes additional air pressure to build up in the car, which pushes the door open.Usually it takes at most a few seconds for the additional air to escape via various holes in the car, but that second is enough to hinder the door from closing.If a window is open, the air in the car escapes immediatly through the open window and no pressure is build upFor the same reason that coffee cup lids have that tiny little hole in them ). If the window is open it lets the air flow freely so there is no pressure build up on one side of the door. Just like the little hole in the coffee lid lets air flow in so that the coffee can flow out the main hole.
How muscle relaxers only affect skeletal muscles. (Not organs/muscles like the heart).	They don't? What causes death on many of them is that it shuts down your heart or lungs.
Where does the skin on the body stop being skin and become something else? Openings in particular. In the case of the face does it end at: lips? tongue? throat?	Skin is a specific type of tissue- epithelial tissue. The other tissue types are connective tissue, nervous tissue, and muscle tissue. Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces and lines most of our internal cavities. Connective tissues function for support and protection, such as bone, fat, cartilage, blood, and lymph. Nervous tissue receive stimuli and conduct impulses . Lastly, muscle tissue makes up, well, our muscles- skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle. When considering the rectum to the anus, the rectum is lined with epithelium and the anal sphincter is made up of both a smooth muscle component and a skeletal muscle component. There are tissue transitions at these junctions, so the tissue will slowly become less epithelial in nature while also taking on more qualities of the smooth muscle until it is eventually all smooth muscle and no longer epithelium.
What does a cat hear if I meow perfectly?	Your body language is probably wrong but if the meow itself is fine, your cat could find it amusing that you would meow and wonder what other secret talents you might have.It hears a meow As far as I'm aware, we've never seen evidence that cats have any sort of language, and though they do use their voice to communicate, it's not like a meow is a word that conveys meaning. Instead, they meow to gain attention, to signal distress, or to convey other emotions. This is kind of like how we can communicate a great deal without actually using words, just by listening to the person's volume and tone. When you meow, I doubt that the cat understands that it's any different from the noises that you normally make. It is definitely paying attention to the way you say it, though, and picking up on your emotions that way.
What happens when lightning strikes a plane?	It flows through the most conductive parts and then down to the ground. Lightning protection is a mandatory part of the design of aircraft, so nothing bad should happen. It might leave a scorch mark, but maintenance can clean that offAirplanes are designed to survive lightning strikes pretty well. The two major danger spots are the fuel tanks, and the electrical systems. The electrical systems have locations that melt and break the circuit if the power is too high, thus sparing critical electrical components from damage. All the electrical systems in an airplane are redundant. For example, the wires that go from the flight computer to the rudder control motors might have 3 or 4 different and independent circuits that connect these two parts. If one of the circuits is overloaded, devices in the circuit break the current . Then the remaining connections can be used to send signals back and forth from the computer and rudder control motors. Fuel tanks in the wings are not exposed to any lightning sparks – hence why the surrounding metal, structural joints, access doors, vents and fuel filler caps must be able to withstand any burning from a bolt of lightning, which can have temperatures of up to 30,000C. In addition, the aircraft skeleton and skin is made of aluminum which is conductive, so the lightning tends to flow through these components and out of the plane, leaving the electrical systems and fuel systems untouched. In newer composite planes, extra copper components are added to the skin to maintain the faraday cage effect.
Why does one feel better after vomiting when he/she is sick?	Because you've removed some or all of the element that was in your stomach and making you not feel well. That's the point of vomiting.
How does changing your name work in the US?	You can change your name whenever you want. ~~In the article it seems the woman did not have 2 forms of ID with the same name~~. There is no restriction or requirement to change your name when you get married.
What's the difference between osmolarity and osmolality?	The difference is that volume of the solvent is the denominator for [molarity] and mass of the solvent is the denominator for [molality]. This shouldn't be deleted as a simple answer, I hope.
Why lightning doesn't knock planes out of the sky.	Okay, here goes: electricity will always take the shortest path to the ground right? Well, since a airborne plane isn't grounded, lightening strikes generally don't hit planes for this reason. However, they do sometimes hit home and when they do nothing happens. As ACrusaderA said, the light might flicker but it's very uncommon for something serious to go wrong. [NASA] actually did a bunch of tests on this back in the 80's by flying a F-106 through violent electrical storms and determined that the most likely outcome of an airborne lightening strike is that the lightening will simply pass harmlessly through the plane and head to the ground . Source: NASA", 'Short and simple of it is that lightning does not negate any of the requirements for flying. You still have wings, you still have lift, thus you still have planes flying in the sky.
How do cemeteries maintain upkeep after all the plots are sold	CPA Here Mortuaries and Funeral homes essentially are left with a perpetual liability in maintaining the burial grounds after all of the lots are full. Because of this states have enacted laws that require a certain dollar amount for every plot sold to go into an endowment trust. The earnings from that endowment trust are to be used to maintain the burial grounds in future periodsThis is for the US. Plots are sold at a rate that accounts for maintenance. At least for a few decades. Many also get tax money to help in maintenance if they are run by the County/State/Federal Government or money from a Church if they are run by one. There are also many civil organizations and individuals that volunteer to maintain cemeteries.an endowment of money. but there's really nothing to guarantee the money isn't embezzled or wasted. eventually most graveyards go bust. that's why your grandpa wanted to be buried in a national cemetery.In Europe some graves are recycled after a certain amount of time the hole is excavated and repurposed, usually for another family member. The family will have a set of plots together, and generally/collectively maintain thisIn the UK, most cemeteries are run by the local authority or the church on which they are built. The main upkeep is controlling the grass, removing dead flowers and tasteless tributes or lowering headstones that are going to fall over. Historically, this would be done by a person called a sexton: _URL_0_
What does the term blockbuster mean and why is it related to movies?	In WWII, militaries started using very large bombs that were capable of destroying an entire city block. They were called blockbusters. Later, the term was applied to extremely popular movies that could convince everyone who lives in an entire city block to go watch it.
Why does wind make it so much colder?	A person's body produces heat, which radiates off of them and warms the air around them. When the wind blows, it blows the warm air away and replaces it with colder air. Also, people lose heat when their sweat evaporates, and wind speeds that process.
Why do companies like Nikon sell cameras that around 16 megpixels but phone companies like sony and Nokia sell phones that have 20 to 40 megapixel cameras?	Resolution is only one aspect of what makes a picture good. And once you can't see the pixels any more, increasing the resolution doesn't help . The problem with having tons of pixels is that it means very little light hits any portion of the camera, so you end up with a lot of noise- the camera can't quite tell what color the pixel is supposed to be. The reason Sony and Nokia are making 40MP cameras is that they want to be able to average the light that hit 8 pixels and give you a great looking 5MP image instead of a crappy looking 40MP image. Nikon just gives their cameras bigger sensors which allows more light to hit each pixel, so they can just straight up give you a 16MP camera that works better than the 40MP cameras on those phones. EDIT: whoops, sensors not lensesPhoto quality mostly depends on the quality of the lens. Phones have small lenses and therefore need to compensate to be able to make good pictures. A Nikon with a good lens and 16 megapixel will make better pictures than a phone with 40 megapixel.Resolution at this level becomes more of a marketing tactic than anything else. Higher resolution does not equal better quality photos. The phones take photos with a lot of pixels, but the quality and size of the lens doesn't allow for useful information to actually be recorded at that much resolution. If you blow up a proper 16mp photo with a DSLR to the same size as one from the phone.. The former will look better.
; how does sound work?	Sound is waves, like you said. These waves overlap on each other and add up or subtract. This is called superposition. If you have several instruments, at every point in space, their sounds add up to one waveform. This is an example of two waveforms adding up: _URL_0_. There are two waves that are similar but slightly off. If you look at each part, you will see how the add up or subtract to make the bottom waveform. Because of this, the speaker only needs to make the waveform of the sounds added together, not each one separately.
Why do people use complicated #hashtags? Doesn't it defeat the purpose?	A lot of hashtags are for the sake of reducing character usage and also to look cool. Unless your friend is a very popular and influential person, he won't really be starting any hashtag trends. And there are some trending #tags that are pretty complicated, but these are started by popular people like music artists, etc.
Why is police brutality against African Americans becoming so prevalent now?	It was always prevalent, it's just that with the advent of social media and similar things that the stories spread like wildfire instead of being local stories that aren't able to gain any traction. The advent of everyone having a phone with a camera on it as well is leading to the rise of mass awareness, as before there usually wasn't explicit proof.
How are statistics like "children die every 16.3 seconds from hunger" determined?	Count the number of children who died over the last year and divide by the number of seconds in a yearThey gather up a bunch of hungry kids, wait for a predetermined amount of time, then kill them.
What happens to sea creatures (primarily larger animals like whales and sharks) when a tsunami hits?	Out in the open ocean, where whales and sharks mostly hang out, a tsunami is no big deal - it's just a momentary pressure wave moving through the water; the water isn't really "flowing" anywhere. But close to shore it's different; first the sea level drops which could strand them, and then the sea roars back in which could injure them in collisions with debris, etc. Edit: they could also end up stranded on land when it's over. But I don't remember hearing anything about this kind of thing happening with the Japan or Indian ocean tsunamis.
[Internet] How do the sign with google/Facebook options on many websites work, and is it truly safe to use it?	Google and Facebook uses something called OAuth2, when signing up with Google on another website, you get redirected to the Google sign in page, which is secure. The website you're signing up cannot get your password this way. On the sign in page, you'll see a list of what the website you're signing up for can do with your account , make sure to read this list before accepting. After you've hit accept, you get redirected to the website again and the website reviews receives the information you accepted to give them. This is a very secure and convenient way of signing in, I use it all the time.
Why it is easier to see something in the dark with my peripherals than it is while staring directly at it.	The peripheral vision is more sensitive to movement and contrast. This trait was formed as a way to catch predators trying to sneak up on you. This might have something to do with it.
the difference in 1st, 2nd, 3rd degree burns	Think of it in terms of how many layers the burn affects. 1st degree burns affect the epidermis, top-most layer. Symptoms are redness, swelling, and pain. 2nd degree affects the dermis, the tissue under the epidermis. This is when burns look "shiny", because of exposed tissue fluid. 3rd degree penetrates the dermis and starts affecting deeper tissue, like muscle.
Why do the have peanuts or some sort of nuts at bars? Do they taste good with beer, or maybe sobers people up? Or even the opposite?	It is to make you buy more drinks. They are salty, which makes you thirsty, which makes you more likely to order more drinks. That is why bars will have nuts, pretzels, and other salty things.Peanuts are salty. Salt makes us thirsty. More nuts = more thirst = buy more drinks. That's the main reason. Same reason many bars have chips or pretzels as well. Pretzels are also dry, which is even better.
How are TV Shows made?	It depends on the show and the format. Half hour sitcoms shot before a live audience do tend to be put together in one week, although the script writing runs a bit ahead of that. Normally, a half hour "one camera" show would be shot in five days, and a one hour in eight days -- but that's just the actual shooting. Pre-production, which includes writing the scripts , necessary set, costume, etc., design, casting, getting clearances would ideally run about six weeks ahead of the shoot date -- sometimes more, sometimes less. Post production is usually about the same length as post. And this is all enormously over-simplified. Depending on whether it's a new or established show, whether it's before the episodes have started airing or after, whether the producers know yet if they 've been renewed and/or picked up for an entire season, which actor was just busted trying to sell meth to a fourteen year-old hooker, or some world event makes a story arc suddenly badly timed and tasteless all of that can affect the timing, although the actual shooting time is pretty standard, because that's a contractual thing, mainly with the DGA and SAG. TV is like the law and sausage, though -- if you enjoy it, you really don't want to see it being made.
How do red light cameras know not to snap a picture when you can make a right turn on a red light?	They give you "clearance" to make that turn without a ticket once they detect your speed has dropped to zero within an assigned zone. If you just rolled through without stopping you 'd get a ticket.
If the common cold is so common, why haven't we developed something to make us immune?	My science teacher explained it so well when I was in 6th grade. Pathologists can feel free to correct me. Basically, every cold you get is unique. Every single time you have a cold, it is caused by different germs and every time you get that cold, you are immune to it. However, there are so many types of cold causing bacteria that becoming immune to all of them is more a question of statisticsThe common cold isn't just caused by one virus, but by any number of constantly mutating viruses. A "cold" isn't actually a disease, it's just what we call the collection of minor symptoms we experience such as headache, cough, congestion, etc. Also a lot of time people will also call a bacterial sinus infection a cold as well, when actually that can be treated with antibiotics.
Why can one slightly dripping tap keep me up all night but a thunderstorm allows me to sleep better?	Thunderstorms produce rain, producing white noise, that and other sounds that we find soothing lull some people to sleep. Noises are just annoying.I'm no professional, but I'd say it has something to do with the fact that a dripping faucet is rhythmic and happens at a constant, regular interval. It creates a type of anxiety in people that I'm in no way qualified to label or even discuss, I just know what it does to me ha. Thunderstorms, on the other hand, produce constant noise; whether it's rain, thunder, or wind, there's constant sound being produced. Again, I'm no professional, and my answer could be completely wrong. I'm just basing what little knowledge I have off of personal experience.
What is the logic behind thinking that getting rid of Assad, something good will happen?	It turns out the guy who's been bombing his own people for 6 years may actually be the reason there's a civil war. There will not be an end to the civil war with Assad and his government in charge. That doesn't mean the only two options are "Give him a high five and say \'keep it up, buddy.\'" and "Invade Syria, depose him, and leave." IMO we should have tried to get Russia to put pressure on the Assad regime to back down in 2011 on the condition that a replacement government remain amenable to hosting Russia's naval bases. Hard to do something like that these days. 6 years of brutal civil war have a way of hardening opinionsIn international politics your range of choice do not always include a buffet item called "something good". Often we have "heaping pile of crap
How did the casual pepper-spraying cop get $30k when any psychological distress from the event would have been directly his fault?	Workers Compensation is NOT normally about whose fault it is. . Instead, Workers Compensation is a statutory scheme that legally requires employers to pay for any and all injuries that arise out of the performance of the job. Contrary to what other posters may have stated. This did not appear to be a settlement. And, as such, was not intended to be less than the cost of future legal proceedings. While I don't know the specific details of this case. Generally, there are very few and limited defenses to a Workers Compensation action. So long as he was acting in his official capacity , he would ordinarily be eligible for benefits. Usually each state has a set amount of compensation that an injured employee could receive per injury. Thus, a back may be worth 1000 weeks and a pinky toe worth 10 weeks. The Workers Compensation board likely found the injury to be compensable, and then applied his salary to the requisite equation for formulating the total award for his distress.
Why does razor burn happen?	Lots of reasons. Senstive skin. Skin's reaction to chemicals used. Worn blade. Pressing too hard. Shaving "against the grain" Shaving too close, and winding up with ingrown hairs, although this is really razor bumps and not burn. _URL_0_ Among others regarding the topic. It is important to have a clean area, and to soften the hair being shorn. In my case, I shave my head in the shower after washing it completely first, then lather and shave. I then clean off the rest of me, then get out of the tub and immediately shave my beard, and this has helped to reduce my burn issues to zero. And hot water for rinsing the blades. I use just Dove soap for the head shaving, but use Edge Gel sensitive for the beard. As far as the \'against the grain\' problem, well it would help if my hair all grew the same direction. :p', "It's commonly thought that your razor is simply cutting the hair. But it is in fact scratching off the outer most layer of skin as well a surface imperfections. The burn you feel is an irritation as your body repairs the damage the razor did to your skin
How do warring countries share borders?	The borders in question were sites of cross border raids and shellings in both directions for years, until an uneasy peace settled in as a result of larger conflicts. Today the borders are constantly patrolled. The border between Jordan and Israel was mostly quiet after 1967, and no major flare-ups until the peace treaty in 1993. Syria withdrew forces several km after 1973 and its border was mostly patrolled by the UN on the Syrian side, and the Israelis on theirs. When Israel finally withdrew from South Lebanon, the UN took on a role as an observation force while Israel constantly patrols the border. The consensus between the two sides is that they have little to gain from bombing eachother, and are mostly in favor of an uneasy peace as opposed to another conflict.

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