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How do football players not get sick when they play sleeveless in really cold/wet weather?
The body heat thing doesn't seem far-fetched to me because I have experienced it. I like to ice skate, and if you exercise enough at very cold temperatures, you will not be cold. I can comfortably skate in a t-shirt. However, this is an anecdote, and thus of limited usefulness. [Here] is an explanation of how the body "gets used to" cold. When you are in the same temperature for a while, your body will eventually \'ignore\' the input in order to focus on other thingsPathogens cause people to be sick, not temperature. [Germ theory]
What is Front End and Back End Web Development?
Front end - stuff the end user sees. When you go on eBay and use the search bar to find the thing you want, that's front end. Back end - how it all works. When you type something into the search bar it sends information to a server that pulls the information you need, that's all back end. When you buy a thing on eBay, and you actually pay for it there is a lot of back end going on, it has to talk to your financial institution, etc
Was the catalyst for the YouTube revenue/clean content issue caused by the Wall Street Journal articles on YouTube? Do major papers hold this amount of power?
Regarding the Wall Street Journal, it's one of the most read papers in the US with a subscriber count of 2.4M, [according to wiki]. Additionally many businesspeople, including those at YT and Google and the companies that pulled ads from the Youtubers, read WSJ because it has a reputation of being *the* source of business news in the US. It has a reputation of having extremely rigorous and analytical reporting and investigations so if they're printing something in the news section, they're sure of it. And when it's a hot-button issue like the controversial content on Youtube, readers have a lot of faith that WSJ is telling it straight and has looked at all sides of the situation. It's actually really hard to overstate WSJ's reach. I'm in an MBA program right now and virtually every class has WSJ listed as an optional/recommended reading material, and some professors explicitly send us some of their old articles to read. Every graduate from my business school is conditioned to follow and trust WSJ's reporting and we're probably not the only school like that.
Why doesn't a pistol shrimp's snap boil water?
Not enough energy to. It's like lighting a match in a snow storm and expecting it to melt everything. Sure, the match is hot, but theres a lot more cold than there is hot.I don't know how much credence i give to the "temperature of the sun" quote there, but the water does boil, in a way. The water undergoes cavitation, which is kind of the same as boiling. Also, the amount of heat is still tiny since it's in such a small area for such a small period of time. So few molecules are actually raised to a high temperature that they can't contribute enough heat to the surrounding solution to cause a sustained boil
How did people get water to drink in ancient Venice?
Venice has a complex system that catches rainwater putting it into cisterns that are then accessed by various city wells and fountainsThere were wells that tapped the aquifer under Venice. Draining this aquifer was one of the main causes of Venice sinking. All wells were banned in the 1960s I believe.
Who funds the chocolate milk commercials on ESPN?
Lobby or industry groups mostly, basiclly the MPAA of the milk or egg businesses. According to this_URL_0_ The add is paid for by The Milk Processor Education Program aka MilkPEP. According to their website MilkPEP is funded by the nation's milk processors. The egg commercials were paid for by the American Egg Board, they are what's known as a marketing board. Marketing boards are common in agricultural products, basiclly every egg producer pays a fee to the American Egg Board and in exchange the board markets all of the products of the producers. Basically the American Egg Board is responsible for encouraging americans to eat eggs.They are funded by [checkoff programs] overseen by the department of agriculture. Its like a tax on farmers.
why can't some people wink?
Your facial muscles, including your eyelids, are controlled by the facial motor nucleus. This is a cluster of neurons in the brainstem. But it's not a uniform thing, it's split up into smaller parts. The upper half of your face gets sent mostly weak, bilateral signals. A lateral signal means that the signal is sent to each half of the body individually. Bilateral means it's sent to both sides at once. Because of this, controlling both sides of the upper half of your face is hard, and thus it can cause difficulty in winking, or raising a single eyebrow. If your friend's was weaker than normal, it might've made it impossible for him to do so.
Why do humans have a bellybutton?
Your belly button is where the umbilical cord connects when you're in the womb. That's what provides you with food and oxygen. It has no purpose as an adult, it's just a leftover.
The ability to be vague in the "ingredients" list on certain foods
The FDA has very specific rules on labeling, as can be found [here] The rules specifically address 'spices\' and indicate they can be listed very generically, as "spices" or variations thereof. As for why they did it that way, one can only conjecture. Industry lobbying, for one, because spices may be secret, or may change frequently, or are otherwise just too difficult to keep updated. They also make up a very small part of the product, not enough to affect anyone, and so there's really no point in listing them.
The difference between transsexual, transgender, and hermaphrodite, options those people have for reproduction, and what it means to "Identify" as fe/male.
A hermaphrodite is a person with a rare condition that causes them to be born with fully functional male AND female parts. Today, it is usually the case that parents will make a choice and have the other parts surgically removed. Transgender has to do with gender identity, specifically, identifying as the opposite gender from your physical sex. Transsexual is a person who has surgically become or is surgically becoming the opposite sex. As to the latter part of your question, regarding gender identity, I refer you to a [more knowledgeable source], but to sum up, sex is your physical equipment, and gender is what you feel yourself to beI think the wise thing to do would be to refer you to /r/asktransgender, but since this is ELI5 \'Transgender\' and 'transsexual\' are terms that people don't like to agree on. At the very least, they mean "this person is not comfortable with the reproductive parts they were born with". People like to argue about what "gender" and "sex" really are, which is why it's hard to be correct when the answer is that vague. Hermaphrodites are people who were born with both sets of genitals, and often face the same issues trans-people do, especially if a doctor or a parent "chose" their sex for them by removing one of the genitals at birth. Imagine if you were born a boy, but your parents had the doctor operate to change you into a girl before you could even speak. Chances are, you 'd have a hard time accepting it. In fact, an [experiment to do just that] led to some pretty unhappy kids.
Why do we find massages relaxing and soothing?
Massages stimulate a lot of nerve endings in ways that they typically aren't stimulated. It also increase blood flow in those areas which is good for you body.
Why is a college degree now required for many jobs when some of those same jobs used to be operated by people with only a high school education?
Because there are far too many interested. Diploma is a way to reduce the people applying for a job plus the degree is a way to understand that they know something.I'm not sure what jobs you're referring to, but from a broad perspective, a college degree is less of a risk for an employer. I work in an organization where people have had the opportunity to work their way up, thus, a lot of non-college grads have made their way into mid and upper level positions simply by being there for 15 or 20 years. Some are great, most are average and some are horrible at their job. When hiring, a degree is a must for me for a few reasons: 1. Less risk to me 2. I know they have the drive to see something through to the end. 3. BASIC MATH, I use algebra and stats on the simple side of my job every day and SQL and R on the heavier side I don't have time to explain to the high school grad how to calculate percentage increase 4. Critical thinking they can operate independently for the most part, I've seen very few older non degree holders show this skill. I need to be able to set objectives and vision and trust the employee to do it, not answer 100 questions on the way there. Obviously, this isn't all non college grads and many are very successful, but for me, again, it's less risky for me to make them a job offer. Edit: also, high school diplomas come in many flavors; I don't know if you took a ton of AP classes or breezed through with the minimum. If you come to me with a degree in economics, mathematics or business I know you've got the basic skill set that I need for you to be successful.
How and why do styluses work on touch screens?
There are two major types of touch screen, resistive and capacitive. Resistive touch screens work basically by having two layers of flexible plastic over the screen. When something pushes down on the top layer, the layers touch, and this is detected. Resistive touch screens are responsive to basically anything: fingers, pencils, styli, etc. Typically you can tell something is a resistive touch screen since you will clearly feel the flexible plastic, and you can see the action of pushing down if you view the screen at an angle. Capacitive touch screens work by detecting a property of the body called "body capacitance." Capacitance is a strange concept, but basically the body naturally carries a certain amount of electrical charge in the same way that rubbing a balloon against fabric causes it to have static electricity. These touch screens work by detecting this charge. They don't work with just anything , so you need to get a special stylus to be registered. Phone touch screens are capacitive because you don't want random things jumbling around in your pockets to inadvertently call someone.
How does laundering money through expenses work?
As a general rule, you can't. Laundering money requires that you inflate _revenues_ so that you can pretend your dirty money was earned through legitimate sources, thus "washing" it. Now, that said, you can't just inflate revenues forever. If you run a business and suddenly double revenue without _any_ increase in expenses, it is going to look very suspect to the IRS. You need to also increase expenses to make it look like you are spending the cash required to generate the revenue you are claiming. It is also possible that those fraudulent expenses are how they are getting the laundered money out of the business. If the cartel boss _owns_ the business that is getting payments for the fraudulent expenses, you are able to send him the laundered profits from the business and have it look like a legitimate business transaction.
Why do we often get so entertained just by sitting looking at a bonfire?
Fire is a powerful tool, and is/was one of mans most prized inventions. The dancing of the flames on the wood can be quite serene. The crackling creates a background filter to help you focus. ', "The universe invented fire, humans just harnessed it. Most modern societies don't teach this primitive but survivalist lesson to their kids. When your ancestors were naked and afraid in the dark, fire calmed them and warmed them. It kept predators and parasites away. Everyone was taught how to start and maintain one because, life and death. You're no different than your ancestors. Fires are comforting when controlled. And cozy as fuck. _URL_0_
The difference between cisgender, transgender, and intersex
Cisgender is what most people are. Their physical sex, and gender identity are mostly in sync, so they feel 'normal' with themselves for the most part. Transgender -as can be assumed by the prefix 'trans' being the opposite of the prefix 'cis', is the exact opposite. Their physical sex does not match how their gender identity, so they feel like they're in the wrong body. This is a depressing, often dysphoric situation for most transgender folks, and modern society's view on transgenderism as a mental illness comes with a lot of stigma. Then, there are things like genderfluidity, being genderqueer, and being agendered. Things things, as their names suggest; someone whose mental gender identity has a tendency to shift between one and the other; someone whose gender identity does not conform with either male or female, and don't really have a specific category; and someone who don't identify with any gender whatsoever. Being intersex is a completely different issue to being transgender sort of.A person is intersex when their visible, physical sex is not one of the two 'typical' sexes. This is the case in individuals born with atypical genitalia, hermaphroditic genital expression, or in some human chimeras . All of these things are separate from sexual orientation, and should not be treated as one and the same.
What causes the body to get addicted to a certain drug, and why does it form a reliance off of it?
Drugs affect many parts / processes of your body, but the addiction part is largely neurological. **Addiction Process:** User takes drug - > Brain gives big reward and starts positive association with the drug - > User takes drug - > Association increases - > Repeat After the user goes clean, this association remains. Of course addiction involves a lot of things like psychology, past issues, etc. But since you asked specifically about the "body", the addiction part of it is largely neurological. **Basic overview of addiction process:** The drug floods your brain with endorphins / opiates. This results in a positive association with the drug and your brain, that increases the way you use it. The worst part about it is it never goes away, once that neurological connection is made it never breaks down and can only grow stronger. This is why it's so hard for addicts to quit. As the association with the drug increases it becomes increases the desire to use it and there's no way to naturally reverse that association. An addict will always have that neurological association with the drug for the rest of their life. The only thing an addict can do is try to resist the neurologically enhanced desire to use and prevent it from getting worse. It's basically like [Pavlov's Experiment], where addiction is a neurologically learned behavior. In this experiment, a bell was rang, and dogs were fed at the same time. After a while, dogs would salivate at the sound of the bell even without the food. This was because they associated the bell with the food. In the case of the addiction, the bell is the drug and the food is the endorphin reward. Hope that helps!
when you exhale, why is your breath warm with your mouth open & cool when your mouth is almost closed?
When your mouth is open wide you feel the air that has been warmed in your lungs. When it is barely open like blowing out a candle the air from your mouth is moving faster and pulls more of the cool surrounding air into the air stream, this combined with increased air speed makes it feel coolerThe answer lies in a physics law called the Ideal gas law. It states that Pressure x Volume = Something x Temperature So let's compare 2 blowing techniques: fast and slow. Both techniques are tested on exhaling the same Volume of air. Let's simplify our initial equation which is now Pressure x Something = Something x Temperature Play with it a little and you can now say that the ratio Pressure / Temperature = Something constant The fast technique will expell air at a great velocity. When you accelerate air, its pressure lowers. You now can easily see that the ideal gas law tells you that to keep our Something constant constant, Temperature has to lower aswell. Obviously, the slow technique will show that since your pressure is greater, temperature is greater aswell. And [here] is a graphical representation of what we're doing during these tests. We're changing the diameter of our mouth to influence the air flow. You can see on the picture that the right side is the "slow technique" equivalent. The mercury level there is lower than to the left: the pressure is higher. The left side is the "fast technique" equivalent. It represents a high velocity air where the pressure is thus lower . EDIT: Actually if you look the numbers, the theoretical change in temperature is so low that it wouldn't be noticed. So I wrote all that for nothing. Yey me! The theory still holds but the explanation as to why we feel such a difference in temperature is most probably to be found in other people's explanations, such as /u/pocketrambo2
Why do our feet have arches? Wouldn't it be more advantageous to have your weight distributed over the entire surface of the foot?
The entire purpose of the arch is to act as a spring to help absorb the impact from walking. Walking puts a ton of stress on your bones and if you run, it's worse. Imagine driving a car without it's springs. Every bump would be slamming into the frame basically. Eventually, you'll wear things out much faster. Also, it may help store up a little energy in your step and 'spring' you forward.
Why does my nose run when I eat food with cayenne or similar pepper spices?
Chili peppers, used in spicy foods, contain capsaicin. Other spicy foods, such as horseradish and wasabi, contain allyl isothiocyanate. Both capsaicin and allyl isothiocyanate stimulate a reaction in your nervous system, causing your nose to run. Your nose runs when eating spicy foods because both capsaicin and allyl isothiocyanate irritate the mucous membranes in your nose, thus producing mucus in your nasal passages. This is a defense mechanism your body has to keep out unwanted particles, such as dust. Thus, the more irritated your mucous membranes become, the more your nose will continue to run.
Why don't bugs adapt to not hit my windshield?
By percentage, so few bugs are killed in this way that it doesn't create much evolutionary pressure.I think the bugs hit your windshield because you are on the road, right? They are usually above the road because it is warmer than the surrounding area . Does that make sense?
Why are the planets named after Roman Pagan gods?
The planets out as far as Saturn can be seen without a telescope. The Romans had names for them, and our civilization kept using those names even after the Romans were gone. Uranus and Neptune got their names to continue the pattern. Oh, and the moons of the planets are named for minor gods and heroes associated with Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, etc. Jupiter's biggest moons are named for women he slept with.
Why does my stomach growl when I am hungry? What is going in inside and why does it make a sound?
They are called borborygmi - such a wonderful word .You have passageways throughout the entire GI system where the food is moving from one section to the next. Between the stomach and the small intestine, for example, is the pyloric canal which is the passageway through the pyloric sphincter muscle. Your anus has the same type of muscle, and it's shaped sort of the same way. When food and gas move through these passageways, sometimes it makes a fart sound. Sometimes the fart sound is on the inside, which alot of people call a stomach growling.
Why does your nose run when you east spicy things?
Nasal irrigation is a way for the body to protect sensitive and vulnerable tissues in the sinuses. Spicy foods trigger a feeling of actual heat , even though it's not actually hot. The best way to cool spicy foods is with milk or some other dairy product. Fats in milk bind to the oily spice and carry it away, and sugars bind too.
What is happening under the hood my car that makes it "go" when I press the gas pedal?
Basically controlled explosions. Each car had a certain amount of cylinders that's what people mean when they say that. In each cylinder their is a piston connected to a shaft . Fuel and air are mixed into the cylinder and ignited by a spark plug. The explosion forces the piston downwards and turns the shaft. The shaft is connected to the Transmission which is connect to the wheels. Now this happens thousands of times in a few seconds. There is more too it but that is the basics ", 'The acceleration pedal opens air vents to allow more air to come into the engine. The computer calculates the air flow rate and injects the right amount of fuel vapor for the optimum fuel-air ratio. This then goes into the cylinders where it is compressed and ignited. The explosion pushes against the postion which spins the crankshaft. This is where the transmission takes over to put power to the wheels.
Why does ice stick to your fingers when you're holding it?
Basically, the ice is so cold that it can freeze the thin layer of moisture on your hands. As the ice warms up, then it doesn't happen anymore. Your skin has a small bit of moisture on it. Fresh ice is usually below the freezing point meaning it has some "room" to absorb more energy before it becomes water. So, the ice is freezing that thin layer of moisture on your skin causing it to stick. This is also why the ice sticks worse if you have just recently washed your hands as there is more moisture available. How much it sticks also depends on the temperature of the freezer that the ice is in.
How come if there is an advertisement on TV, it's called a commercial, but anywhere else, they're just called ads/advertisements?
Commercials are ads too, they're just a specific type of ad that happens to have a specific name. Calling them advertisements wouldn't be incorrect.
Why is it that battery powered wall clocks leave a stain after a period of time?
That's where the battery case was. When batteries are in use they generate a slight amount of heat. That mark is just a very very slight 'burn' of the paint where it was pressed against the wall. It's not dangerous, because it's a very low-grade burn.The clock motor generates a little heat and vibration, which over time with rub against and stain the paint behind it.Actually, it is just the opposite. Something hanging on a wall for a long period of time protects the wall underneath. It is the rest of the wall that 'stains' due to exposure.
In the cave paintings in France and Spain from 20,000 years ago, there are rinos, lions, gazelles, etc. Why did these animals go extinct in Europe but not in Africa?
Climate change dealt Europe an ice age -- it just became too cold for some of these animals. Human population density limited the amount of space for these animals to live, eat, and not be hunted by humans.
What's the difference between college, community college and university in the US in terms of the credibility of one's degree? Do all of these even end with one getting a degree?
Community Colleges are 2 year colleges that offer trade certificates and Associates degrees. Sometimes, they'll cooperate with a state college or university in order to offer higher degrees in specific programs. These are run by the county or city and designed to offer a wide variety of education. Colleges are 4 year institutions that offer up to Bachelor's degrees, as well as trade certificates and Associates degrees. They're typically state funded or private institutions. These are smaller institutions which offer a smaller number of degrees, and are generally specialized. An art college, or a STEM college, for example. Universities are 8 year institutions that offer all the way up to Doctorate degrees. These are either funded by the state or privately. Universities have many colleges within them, and can offer a wide variety of degrees. Think about places like Harvard, that have a Law college, a Medical college, a Business college, a Divinity college, etc, etc.
Hot air rises on earth but what happens to hot air on the space station?
There might be some movement due to the different densities of air creating different pressures, but it wouldn't move much compared to hot air on Earth. An interesting side effect of this is lighting a candle in zero-g. The flame itself doesn't rise into the shape we're accustomed to seeing. Instead it ends up making a dull, spherical glow. And then it extinguishes itself as the oxygen is consumed and not replaced by cool, fresh air as a flame in gravity would do.
Why are state boundaries on the western side of the USA much cleaner/straighter than those on the east?
There was a lot of land to divide up, and very few people to worry about keeping communities together for. Thus, in the Eastern US you tend to get more natural boundaries such as ridges and rivers, things that might have naturally divided a territory into separate areas that people would spend most of their time on one side of, use for personal property boundaries, etc. And in the Western US you get more boundaries based on latitude and longitude, which were more faster to assign and didn't need to be surveyed to the same degree of detail.They were drawn on maps first and did not always use natural features like mountains or rivers.
How do the major mail deliver services (FedEx, UPS) handle people who don't pay for the faster shipping? do they literally sit on the packages?
They ship it by truck, instead of by air. Much cheaper for them. If the truck's not full for a particular regional destination, then it doesn't go. So your package will sit in one hub until the truck is full enough to send to the hub near you.
Why can't we just have synthetic teeth?
We do, but they have to be screwed in to your jawbone with titanium screws. Natural teeth are glued in place by a layer around the base of the tooth called the periodontal ligament. It acts as a cushion and can heal itself so it doesn't wear out. Tooth implants have no shock absorber or have shock absorbers which eventually wear out. The screws can also work loose People get implants anyway but it's a last-ditch thing and expensive. You're arguably better off living with dentures. Back when I wanted to do something with my life I was going to invent a bioengineered lab-grown periodontal ligament to solve this exact problem so people could have tooth implants with cushioning but then I went crazy and wound up working menial jobs and commenting on Reddit for the rest of my life.You can, they are called "implants". But they are very expensive, and not without pitfalls of their own. You want them to be anchored into your jaw quite well, but with a little bit of give. And you want the gums to adhere to them well and not let disease take hold and rot away your gums . So you can't just superglue in some bits of ceramic and call it good.
How do cuts work?
Your skin is made out of a bunch of molecules that are linked together. When something pushes hard enough the pushing force is greater than the strength of the links and it breaks. Now a blunt object spreads out the force on a bunch of different places, so all these places share the strength of their links, so it doesn't break. But a sharp object concentrates the force on very few places, so there is enough force for the links to break and you get cut.
Why do senators and representatives rarely represent the state that they are born in?
Americans tend to move quite a bit. This puts us in the position of being able to choose where we want to run for office from. A politician may not have views that align exactly with their "home" state, and make a strategic determination to move to a location where they have better odds of winning.How many don't? The most obvious reason is that people move often, particularly those who are slightly better off or better educated, which applies to many members of congress.
Why do balloons stop floating after a while, even though they still have helium?
Yes, the remaining helium still provides buoyancy, but there comes a tipping point where that buoyancy isn't enough any more to carry the weight of the balloon's casing.Sure, but the balloon has weight itself. As the helium decreases, eventually the weight of the helium and balloon combo is no longer less than the weight of the air it is displacing, and it sinks.
How was it possible for us to view the moon landing when the astronauts hadn't returned to Earth yet? (those were the days of "film at 11")
For Apollo 11 it was sent by radio signal back to Earth which was picked up by receivers in Australia and then broadcast worldwide. A camera was attached to the lander to film it.It was video. News shows used the old 'FILM AT 11' for those not adjusted or familiar with the relatively new VIDEO technology then. Its like new 'ALBUM' releases for music today. The record album has not been in wide spread distribution use in years and in fact the CD has came and is almost gone at this point BUT new music releases are still refered to as ALBUMS. So when they said 'FILM AT 11' back in the late 60's and early 70's, it likely was a video replay. As for live broadcasts, it was video relayed by satellite. SIDE NOTE: We almost got HD video broadcasting back in 69-70 as the television industry was debating new broadcast formats at that time but fell back on the lower definition broadcast resolutions we have had up until a few years back. KTLA out of Los Angeles back in 1970 had made the move to HD Video equipment in anticipation of that broadcast format winning out and filmed a lot of news reports in HD. Surreal watching them in such clarity today considering the fuzzy low-def we grew up through the 70's, 80's, and into the 90's.
Why does it seem as though as I grow older, time and life speeds up?
Dude I am 30 and still raving like mad!Bring your self together!Because theoraticly it DOES! Ever so slightly though. As you grow older, you also grow taller. This means the distance from your head to the center of the earth increases . This means the speed at which your head moves, is slightly faster as well. Due to special relativity we know that the faster you travel, time for you slows down. However, because you constantly go from sitting to standing, you are time traveling into the future every time . Number example: when sitting, after 24 hours, 24 hours have passed. However, if you are standing for 24 hours and than sit down and look at the same clock, that clock will say 24.000000000000001. So the next day has already started! You travelled into the future 0.00000000000000001 hours :).when you're a year old, another year would double what you have lived already. double the experiences, everything. another 100%. when you are 20, that year is only 5%. it seems relatively smaller
Why are PC digital downloads cheaper than console digital downloads?
Console downloads are a closed market. You have exactly one source for your downloads. PC digital downloads have competition, so there are more market forces at play.My guess is that PC games have a higher *Elasticity of Demand*. There are way more games available for download on PC, thus users have more options which leads to a lower price being more important factor when they choose a game. Console users don't have as many choices and have to take what they are given.
Why can you stream from Netflix/Hulu/HBOGo with no problem, but your laptop heats up and the video lags if you try to watch from the AMC/CBS/NBC website?
Netflix' player is based on HTML5, I can't say anything about the others. But I'm assuming that AMC, etc. have Flash-based players and Flash has terrible performance when it comes to video decoding.
How are street numbers assigned?
Its based on a grid. If you ever look along the top and sides of a map there will be number indicating that certain areas go along with certain addresses. So when you look up a street you find roughly where the address is. Usually each city/county/township has their own way of deciding which addresses get assigned and where. I know for where I live in Columbus, Ohio it goes off of High St and Broad St, which intersect. So the further you go away from High St heading east or west the numbers will in turn get larger, and the same for Broad St for north and south.
Why do big game developers and publishers not listen to their community and continue making mistakes?
Because they still make money regardless of how many mistakes they make. Despite all the disappointment with those games, they still sold millions of copies.The community doesn't have a unified opinion. It's chaotic and depends on what subdemographic you ask. Then there's the argument that people do not necessarily know what's best.
Why is cyber-bullying such a problem? Can't people just step away from their computers?
I imagine that for lots of people, social networking has become an integral part of their life. In fact, it is part of their social circle. I hang out with dudes over Teamspeak that I play games with. Sometimes we meet IRL and hang out, it is also great when you can drive to another country and have a place to sleep etc. So basically, someone is bullying you in your social circle, and it is not easy to step away from all that and the connections you have through it.Even if you just walked away from your computer, you'd still know that there are people laughing at, for example, photoshopped pictures of you. Perhaps even people you know in real life.
Where do cranes come from?
[A big crane is assembled using ground level, flexible length cranes that are mobile but can't carry as big a load as the main crane]
Pornography censorship in Japan.
It comes from an old Japanese law that came from the Meiji Era where content "injurious to public morals" was forbidden. This law was influenced by Western Victorian morals. Over time the law was relaxed in other cultures but Japan was more conservative and kept the law around. The law was eventually reinterpreted to allow you to show breasts and pixelated genitals, but fully uncensored genitals is still illegal under the old law.The laws in Japan require the censorship of genitalia in any and all media, since the law was written stating precisely what must be covered and hasn't really been explained further, the companies creating this content are doing the bare minimum required by law in order to keep their content interesting, but avoid legal ramifications. This censorship is also the reason that Japan keeps coming up with such creative different types of erotica in a bid to circumvent laws and be able to show the most provocative content they can while still remaining legal. For example: The law specifies that anuses must be censored if penetration is involved, and knowing that customers want to see as much as possible, since that's all the law says that's all that the companies creating the content are going to do. Think of it like being told that you have to pick up 25 different weights or you'll be fined. If all of them weigh different amounts you're going to go for the 25 lightest weights, do as little as you can in order to accomplish the task. That's what these companies are going for. Pushing the envelope to see how graphic they can be within the confines of the law.
How are the costs of reality makeover tv shows like Home Improvement and Hoarders paid for and why?
Same way all TV shows work. People watch show because they enjoy the content. Then TV network shows adverts to those people. The advertisers pay the TV network who in turn pay the show creators who then have some more money so they can make more shows. There isn't a TV around that doesn't have costs and a budget. Whether or not your budget includes "building some asshat a new house" isn't really relevant.
How does a computer keep track of the date/time while unplugged from power and the internet?
Theres a flat battery on motherboards. You gotta change em like every 6 or 7 yearsThey also have a small digital clock which keeps running. Some small computers, such as Rasperry Pi, do not have this as it is relatively expensive. They can get the time on startup from internet servers, the so-called XNTP service which is exact up to a few milliseconds.
How does a Government body censor the internet of its people?
There are various ways. The most basic of which is simply manually removing the server from the internet .
Why do neon signs have a buzzing noise to them?
I think the most likely culprit is the transformer for the neon sign. The transformer takes the 120V or 240V 60Hz from the outlet and steps it up to several kV. The way it works is by running current through a coil of wire to create a magnetic field, and then converting that field back to a current in a secondary coil of wire with a different number of turns. The oscillating magnetic field can cause vibrations of any magnetic material in the vicinity .
Why does coiled wire serve as a good inductor?
When you have current running through a wire it induces a magnetic field. This magnetic field is circular and encircles the wire. If you point your right thumb in the direction of the current then your fingers are curled in the direction of the magnetic field. If you take a wire and coil it up then the magnetic field of the wire gets superimposed with the magnetic field of the next wrap of wire, and the next, and the next, and so on. This means you get a much higher magnetic field in the center of the coil. If you have a loop of wire and change the magnetic field passing through that loop then you get a current induced in the wire . With a coil you are able to have the same magnetic field passing through a bunch of loops at once. A straight wire doesn't get any inductance . It generates a magnetic field which doesn't interact with the wire in any substantial way. A single loop of wire gets a weak magnetic field which interacts with that one loop. A bunch of loops of wire produces a stronger magnetic field which interacts with many loops.
What is a "trigger" on Reddit, and is it a term used outside of Reddit?
When some people undergo severe psychological trauma, like rape victims or soldiers, they're left with something called PTSD. Sometimes, things that remind them of the traumatic event can give them a panic attack or other unpleasant things. In some online communities, it's considered polite to warn people if you might be talking about sexual abuse/violence. On Reddit, it's almost always used in a way that's meant to be condescending or insulting to those communities. The implication is that the communities are too sensitive to offending people and label everything as a "trigger". They say it's a "joke". It really falls flat on that point - it's a no effort, content free bit of circlejerkery.
How do non profit companies make money?
This was explained a few days ago on reddit, so let me see if i can reguritate it. Non profit means the company isn't making profit. That still means they need qualified persons to fill their jobs. These people are paid, sometimes very competitively, to keep this organization afloat. What Non-Profit means is that the extra money that's not spent at the end of the fiscal year is invested into their cause, and not divided among the shareholders. So a profit organization would give dividends, but a non-profit would, for example, use the money to build another theatre/stage if the organization was helping the mute and deaf perform on stage. Just because they're non-profit doesn't mean they're a charity.
How does gut flora work and how can probiotics help?
Gut flora refer to the billions of bacteria that live in your intestines. They serve multiple purposes. 1. They help with digestion. E. Coli, for example, helps you by producing Vitamin K, which you cannot produce yourself. 2. They compete for space with bad, pathogenic bacteria. If bad bacteria can't find a space to colonize, they won't be able to infect you and make you sick. A common secondary infection of antibiotics is infection with a bacteria called Clostridium Difficile, more commonly called C. Diff. This bacteria is normally kept in check by your gut microflora, but when you wipe out a bunch of your microflora with antibiotics, C. Diff is able to colonize and give you some horrific diarrhea. Probiotics work by helping your body to regenerate the beneficial bacteria. Probiotics are especially important after taking a course of antibiotics because antibiotics, as I said earlier, will wipe out some of your gut flora. Probiotics will help you avoid things like C. Diff.
What happens when you call into a talk radio station?
You call the station and someone answers, they ask you what you're planning to say. If they decide your story is acceptable they will usually put you through to a point where you say your thing and it's recorded. The recording will then be played on-air and the hosts will talk about it. If it's a conversation type show you'll instead talk to the hosts and then the recording of that conversation will be played. I've only ever had a 'live' conversation happen once, and I was asked to turn my radio off because the slight delay between speaking and the broadcast would have made an echo. I assume they delay it a bit so they can bleep you if you swear. Either way it's not that bad. Go for it next time.
Why do most dish sets come with mugs instead of drinking glasses?
Dishes are sold as a set so that the patterns all match. But they're mostly opaque while glasses are transparent or translucent. The glasses won't be able to match, so why bother selling them as a set? When you say mug, do you really mean cup? I haven't looked at dish sets recently, but I'd expect cups, not mugs. And cups are proper for serving coffee or tea at the dinner table. You generally wouldn't serve a hot beverage in a glass. So is the reason you don't see them being used because you're not used to ending dinner with a hot drink?
What's happening, physically, when a computer starts overheating and becomes laggy?
Usually the CPU underclocking itself. In rare cases functions might fail or bits could change because the material wasnt designed to operate at those temperatures. When the CPU cant reduce the heat enough it will simply shut itself down.
what exactly is a "resource based economy" and how would/could it work?
A resource based economy is one that gets most of its wealth from natural resources, like oil, lumber, or mining. Let's say a small island nation with 100 people discovers a massive copper deposit. Up until that point, they had a few tourists per year, but generally had to sustain themselves. Suddenly, 90 people are working on mining the copper, which they sell to other countries, and can afford to buy food instead of farming. Every economy needs to have some money flowing in, because there is always money flowing out for things like medical supplies, clothing, taxes, and resources that can't be produced locally. Having natural resources to sell brings in the money the society needs, much like tourism or manufacturing.
What are the beads in hand sanitizers, and why do they float?
They're [microbeads:] > Microbeads are plastic microspheres that are widely used in cosmetics as exfoliating agents and personal care products such as toothpaste, as well as biomedical and health science research, microscopy techniques, fluid visualization and fluid flow analysis, and process troubleshooting.[1] They are most frequently made of polyethylene but can be of other petrochemical plastics such as polypropylene and polystyrene.[2][3] They float because they are less dense than the liquid in which they are situated. They have been banned in the US under the Obama administration since 2015 because they fuck with the environment.The supposition that they are micro beads is wrong. Micro beads aren't used in hand sanitizer because they don't dissolve. If I have a clear idea of what you mean by "beads" then they are just air bubbles left over from the manufacturing. The air trapped inside can't escape due to the density of the gel so remains suspended.
Why did our ancestors settle in areas with "uninhabitable" weather?
Sure, if you're in a place with nice weather, there's going to be more food but there's also going to be more competition for that food **and more predators**. Going to a harsher environment gives you more space to expand without other people trying to take your shit or kill you. Even today, you can see that in effect. Compare the average rent for an apartment in LA or Miami to the rent for an apartment in Fargo, North Dakota", 'Food source and shelter is all you need. Shitty weather = less competition for your food and shelter.
What is this G2A scandal everyone seems to be talking about?
Basically it is a marketplace where G2A the company themselves sell \'non-pirated\stolen keys\' or \'hacked credit card\' Game Keys to activate downloads with a decent discount. But as it is a marketplace other "shops" are allowed to sell CD keys. These CD keys can come from anywhere, hacked/stolen credit cards, stolen games etc etc. This obviously means that sometimes the CD key is stopped from working by game developers from time to time. With this or any other purchase on the internet the purchaser is entitled to a refund, however it can be difficult to get and takes time. G2A 'solve\' this problem by offering G2A shield - which is a premium product, basically insurance on your purchases which ensures a quicker response time. I'm not entirely sure but this "premium product" isn't a one time fee and buyers were charged monthly fees. That isn't good. And it isn't great that users have to pay a premium for something that G2A knows actively goes on by a lot of the sellers on their marketplace. It's pretty much like going to a pawn store and buying an item. Police knock on your door and tell you the item you purchased was originally stolen and sold to the pawn store. They take the item and now you have to fight for your money back from the shop. Nightmare. Game developers are so pissed off with G2A's activities and unwillingness to do something about it that they actively tell gamers to pirate their game rather then lining their pockets more. Most game developers know that not every gamer cannot afford the game and most don't offer demos anymore. So pirate copies are pretty much a demo game for the online multiplayer games of the world in a game devs eyes. This is the best explanation I can muster from only reading an AMA and not actively researching.
Why does the body need carbon dioxide?
CO2 plays a vital role in maintaining the acid-base balance of your blood. The more CO2 in your blood, the more acidic it is. When you hyperventilate, you expel much of the CO2 in your blood, making it more alkaline. This is known as [respiratory alkalosis]. Respiratory alkalosis leads to light-headedness, tingling and loss of sensation in your extremities, muscle spasms and stiffness, and loss of consciousness. Once you lose consciousness, you should stop hyperventilating and your CO2 levels will return to normal. If there's some reason *other* than hyperventilation that you're losing blood CO2, though , it can eventually lead to death.
Why did the people of Toronto vote for Rob Ford?
His base is primarily in the suburban areas which felt under-represented by past candidates. He has a man-of-the-people image that he has worked hard to cultivate, in truth he is from the wealthy elite. Ford would personally return his constituents calls, small town style. His buffoonery is genuine. Despite the media circus that he generates, very little is said of his actual work. Ford's civic record is decent.
easing yourself into hot/cold water to acclimate your body
Brains are cool and are able to adapt to any constant/repetitive stimulus such that you no longer realize you percieve it. . This might be why you stop feeling it, since your vrain is like "okay i get it, its hot. lets move on"I believe what your body is reacting to is the difference of temperature between your skin and the water. Once you’ve eased yourself in and your skin is no longer at a drastically different temperature you no longer feel that temperature difference. Another example of this is running room temperature water over your hand after being outside in freezing cold weather. The water will feel hot until your hand has warmed up
Where is all accepted scientific knowledge kept?
There is no single gatekeeper, who decides what is and is not "accepted scientific knowledge". Nor is science like mathematics, where a proof can be self-evidently correct. It depends on evidence, which may be inaccurately or unreliably collected or interpreted. As such, scientific knowledge is provisional, based on evidence as it accumulates and is confirmed by repetition. One might draw up a vague scale of theories, from "totally inconsistent with available evidence" near the bottom to "conjectural, without any evidence as yet" in the middle, up to to "well-confirmed, makes predictions that are borne out by repeated experiments under reliable circumstances" near the top. But any given theory will have its adherents and detractors, who doubt or trust specific points of data as they relate to the theory. It's not a satisfying answer, but it's the truth.Nowhere. There is no single repository. There are a ton of books and journals, which scientists constantly bicker over, and the stuff that's more accepted bubbles to the top. Basically, it's a giant reddit.
How do songs/albums/mix tapes get leaked?
Usually they are leaked by someone who receives an advance copy, such as for review purposes. There have also been instances, although not as common, of leaks happening from the factory where they press the CDs. It could pretty much happen any time someone has advance access to the media in question. All they have to do is make a copy or upload it straight to the internet.Retailers get the discs a few days earlier and sometimes they end up putting it up for sale before release, so someone buys it and then uploads it for everybody else. It's also possible that the retailer himself is uploading the content.
Why does staring at white paper in bright sun light cause your eyes to see everything in a different shade of color immediately afterwards?
In the simplest terms, when you stare at bright light, like the sun, or a flashbulb, the sensors in the back of your eyes that receive the light are hyper-excited, and it takes a while for them to "calm" back down again. Or, you could be like me and you don't see anything after staring at a white piece of paper in bright sunlight. You're too busy sneezing your fool head off because you are one of the 18-35% of the population that has A.C.H.O.O. also known as [photic sneezing reflex].
Why do objects leaving the atmosphere not burn like they do when entering the atmosphere?
Orbiting is all about going fast, less about going high. When going into orbit you usually start by climbing mostly straight to get out of the thick atmosphere--that just slows you down with drag. Once you're mostly to orbital altitudes there's essentially no friction so it's possible to accelerate horizontally for a few minutes to achieve orbital velocities. You never wind up traveling at orbital velocity while in the atmosphere. When coming back from orbit you could, in theory, do the same thing in reverse. You could fire a rocket for a few minutes to slow down, then come through the atmosphere at only a couple times the speed of sound. The problem with that approach is that it takes an *enormous* amount of fuel. What's far, *far* more efficient is to alter your orbit just a little so that you go through the atmosphere which will slow you down for free. That means you hit the atmosphere at essentially orbital velocity which causes a huge amount of heat due to the air in front of you being compressed .
How does a turning a faucet change the temperature of water
There are two tubes running into your faucet. One straight from the mains, and the other from your water heater. When you open the faucet, the tap itself opens to allow water to flow out. When you turn the faucet, you are changing the amount of water coming through each of the pipes. All the way to the hot side opens only the hot water pipe and not the cold one. Same for the cold water side. In the middle should ideally be half and half, but since the water heater heats the water to uncomfortable temperatures, the middle generally allows more cold water so you don't burn yourself.
if certain viruses need a living host to survive, why haven't they adapted to a point where they don't ultimately kill their host?
Most viruses probably are benign or even beneficial to the host, but two things can happen: 1) A virus can jump species and have new effects on the new species it didn't on the prior one 2) As long as it stay alive long enough to spread again it won't die off. It's at an evolutionary disadvantage compared to an infection but benign virus, but that doesn't mean it'll get removed from the world immediately, it just means it might stay a smaller population or die off over many generations.
how muscles get stronger.
Imagine a village that has a very valuable treasure in it and the villagers build a big wall around it to protect the treasure! Well lets say someone comes along and tears down the wall to get to the treasure. The villagers are really upset by this and after the wall is torn down they decide to build it back up even bigger than before to keep people out and away from their treasure! After all, the wall didn't do a good enough job the first time so they need a bigger, better wall to hopefully make it work the next time! Of course, the villagers need really great materials to make a really great wall but as long as they have those great materials they'll keep building the wall back a little bit bigger and better each time it gets torn down. After all, they have to protect that treasure! Now think of muscle growth that way except that the wall is your muscle, the tearing down is your weight training, the materials for the wall are your diet, and the villagers are your body.
Why did the Allies attack the most fortified place in Europe at Normandy rather than landing the bulk of their armies on a less dangerous coastline?
It wasn't the most fortified place in France at the time. That would be the Pas de Calais, the most obvious place to invade . The point of allied deception operations was to convince the OKW that the landings in Normandy were actually a feint, and that the real push would come with General Patton landing a First US Army Group near Calais. A lot of effort went into this. Historians are sort of divided on how much the Germans actually bought it, but in any event the precious German armoured divisions stayed out of the fight long enough to allow a real beachhead to be established, and the rest is, as they say, history.What "less dangerous" coastline? The coast of Germany, which was also covered in fortifications and much closer to the heart of Germany, simplifying communications for the Germans and guaranteeing that invading troops would see a hostile populace? The coast of Norway, covered in cliffs and glaciers? From which you 'd have to launch another invasion of Europe Proper after you liberate the country? Yugoslavia? The west coast of France, which is so far away from anything important that the French government ran off there in 1914 when it looked like Paris would fall and they wanted to be far away from the Germans? Calais, the most fortified point? And all these places but Calais much further from launching points in Britain? Normandy was the best place to land.There wasn't a lot in the way of undefended coastline. They had done huge diversion projects to convince the Germans that the invasion was coming somewhere else. Plus, the crossing at Normandy is pretty short, and it would make a good foothold in terms of logistics after the invasion.
High school males get a boner in class for absolutely no reason, why is this?
Use the search function. All healthy males get erections for no reason, randomly throughout the day, sometimes beginning even before puberty. No sexual thoughts or stimulation are required. We also randomly achieve erection during sleep, several times. No sexual thoughts, dreams, or fantasies are required. The human body is constantly monitoring its health, and part of that process involves occasionally increasing or decreasing blood pressure to the genitals to ensure they respond correctly to stimulus. Even women do this. Genitals are extremely important to our survival, and are thus rigorously checked throughout the day, automatically and without any ability to control the function. An increase in testosterone might make this process occur more frequently or for longer durations. A decrease in testosterone might decrease the frequency or duration of this process.
What would the repercussions be IRL for someone who did what Jack Black did in "School of Rock"?
Trespassing at school. And most likely a couple dozen counts of kid napping for taking them off campus.
What is a pocket veto? Why is it legal?
It's a legal maneuver. If congress passes a bill, the president has 10 days to decide to sign or veto. If he does nothing, then the bill automatically passes. However, if, during that 10 day period, congress adjourns, then if the president takes no action, the bill is automatically vetoed. This is the pocket veto. It's legal because the constitution says it's legal.
Why do banks offer interest? What’s in it for them?
They get your money. Would you give money to a bank if you didn't get anything in return? The interest is a payment to you so you'll give them your money.
how does garbage always smell the same when it is composed of innumerable different smelly objects?
Because it mostly only smells when there's rotting food waste in it and it is the same types of bacteria breaking it down and emitting the same types of by products that smell. You don't get that smell if it's just wood or paper or plastic or metal etc.
How does CAPTCHA work?
CAPTCHA stands for Completely Automated Public Turing Test to Tell Computers and Humans Apart. They're also known as a type of Human Interaction Proof . You 've probably seen CAPTCHA tests on lots of websites. The most common form of CAPTCHA is an image of several distorted letters. They require you to type the correct series of letters into a form. If your letters match the ones in the distorted image, you pass the test and are "confirmed" as a human. [This] website lets you know more if you are interested. *If you have any questions don't hesistate to reply below and I will answer your question to the best of my ability. If you thought my answer was helpful, please just take a few seconds to leave an upvote. Thanks! :)*
Why don't women face criminal charges for making false rape allegations against men?
This is not a complex technical question so this has been removed. Also: > Don't post just to express an opinion or argue a point of view. This is your fourth post removed from this sub in as many months, you seem to not get that ELI5 is not a place for you to express your opinions in the form of a question. So you can take a break from here. Maybe in the two weeks you have off you'll take a moment to read our sidebar.
Why does combination of smoking cigarette and drinking alcohol gives an overwhelming feeling of drunk-ness?
Because the nicotine gives you a headrush while the alcohol also similarily gives you that light headed euphoric feeling also then you now have nicotine and alcohol in your blood. Nicotine causes nausea and so does alcohol so you probably have a combined worsening nausea. But.. aww thats cute you still notice the feelings when you smoke. Those were the good days
Why do children like to draw so much?
I think everyone likes to draw. We have a natural-born desire to create and to express ourselves through visual art. Unfortunately many of us lose that desire due to laziness, lack of time, distractions, and/or discouragement from adults. Kids haven't experienced those pressures to the same degree yet. Personally, I think bringing drawing back into the curriculum would be one of the best things we could do to shape a positive society.
Why do children's stomachs look bloated when they are malnourished?
It's called kwashiorkor, and is caused by a protein deficiency. In normal conditions, we have proteins floating around in the blood, which causes fluid to be retained due to osmotic forces. However, this protein needs to be replenished. When it isn't, fluids will pool in the soft tissues of the body, and will cause the bloating effect in malnourished children.
Where does skin allergy come from?
Allergy is a very complex proces even for specialist, but if explain it in general allergy is a defect of immune system when immune cells thinks that some safe substances are dangerous Immune cells are located almost everywhere in organism, also there a lot of them in skin, so if even allergen came thorough stomach or nose it still affect all the organism and make cells produce inflammatory markers which couse high temperature, swollen, redness and itching. Since skin is visible to us we can see consequences of allergy there. Also there are some autoimmune diseases that aren't connected to special allergen, just immune system goes crazy and start local inflammation with no reason
How do pilots know ahead of time when turbulance is going to occur?
Meteorological information can be used to predict turbulence with reasonable precision. Also, aircraft will report when encountering turbulence and air traffic control will relay that to other aircraft in the area.I think they can anticipate turbulence by looking at weather radar or radio messages from other aircraft that has been through it. Clear air turbulence, however, can strike at anytime because there isn't a way of knowing.
Why do our arms tingle when we extend or reach them too far?
Chiropractic student here. What it sounds like you're saying is simply a stretch of the nerve. When the nerve is stretched, it can stimulate it, causing it to fire. The brain interprets that signal as a tingle along the nerve and the area of the arm it supplies. A similar case is when you hit your "funny bone". What you're actually hitting is your ulnar nerve. When it's hit, it is stimulated, causing a tingling pain along the inner forearm, pinky, and half of your ring finger .
Why do Lithium Ion batteries lose their ability to maintain charge after many cycles of charging?
It is due to several things. The most important is physical. During charging/discharging lithium atoms move from one electrode to the other. The lithium goes into tiny pores in a sponge like electrode, but when this happens the sponge swells up. Repeated swelling and shrinking eventually causes cracking and fractures in the electrode, degrading it. The other main effect is chemical reaction in the electrolyte. During charging, tiny amounts of electrolyte material undergo unwanted chemical reactions with the electrode chemicals. Eventually the electrolyte gets polluted with all the byproducts of these reactions degrading it.The shortest answer is that like most things, lithium ion batteries wear out. Even something as simple as a hammer or a screwdriver will eventually wear out. It does due to a chemical reaction and changes in the chemistry of the battery. There's no gas escaping unless you have a very bad failure and leaking battery. In the case of lithium ion batteries, they wear out chemically. The chemicals in the battery undergo changes each time you charge, and then use the battery. But each time that happens, other changes also happen which make the chemical not want to accept another charge. One way to think of it is like a cheap metal spring. When you push the metal spring down the first time, it bounces back up firmly. If you do that 1000 times, the metal will get weaker and the spring will push back up with less force. Like springs, engineers are trying to find ways of making batteries last longer, but that's challenging to do. Nothing, ultimately, will last forever.
Why do unplugging things and plugging them back in cause them to start working again?
Basically software can have small errors in it. Or hardware can occasionally error. One common problem is memory leaks. But basically the longer something runs the more likely it will have minor errors. The longer it runs the more those errors accumulate. So turning it off, and turning it back on resets the system and will usually clear out any accumulated errors.
What's going on in Philadelphia? Why are they shutting down so many schools and rail lines and so on?
The school system is broke. That's a gigantic mess unto itself. SEPTA isn't broke yet. The planned reduction in services would only happen in a worst-case scenario where the state doesn't give it enough future funding. It's problem is that more and more people are using it, but the state hasn't increased its funding accordingly and hasn't given it nearly enough money for its maintenance budget to upkeep rail bridges and such.
Why do some people say, 'on accident,' and others say, 'by accident'?
Someone said "on accident" by accident, never owned up to the mistake and it caught onI think some people say it because the opposite is "on purpose", so maybe some people think that "on accident" just makes senseBecause "by accident" is correct and because other people are dumbAs it turns out, this was part of a study. The older generations, I think the number given was after \'92, all say "by accident" as an analogue of "by mistake". Conversely, younger people say "on accident" using the same phrasing as "on purpose". _URL_0_ _URL_1_', "Almost completely acquired dialect. That's how their family said it, so that's how they say it.
Static vs dynamic IP address, and how an IP address differs from a Mac address
Mac address is an identifying number hard coded onto the hardware by the manufacturer. Dynamic addresses are IP addresses automatically assigned and re-assigned by a DHCP server. Static addresses are IP addresses assigned by the person installing the system in the IP configuration options and do not change unless some one changes them.In networking there is this concept of Layers. At one layer, your Router communicates to your PC threw a physical medium however at another layer those links are made by use of Mac Address , now above that we have IP addresses which when assigned by a router allow for multi-point transmissions . Each layer is independent so for example, the MAC address of your NIC doesn't matter outside of connecting to your Router just like your physical connection doesn't really matter . And to answer your other question, Static IP addresses are the ones you assign yourself, where as Dynamic ones are given to you by the DNS server .
if diseases like hiv are blood/vector borne, why don't humans and animals in western society contract it, via mosquitoes from one person to the next?
Mosquitos have two tubes they pierce you with - one for injecting saliva, and another for withdrawing blood. It's basically a one-way system - fluid goes out of the insect through the saliva tube, and in through the blood tube. This means that any viruses sucked up through the blood tube won't directly get injected into another person, because nothing comes out of that tube and goes into another person. The way mosquitos pass on diseases such as malaria is because malaria reproduces inside the mosquito - thus it also gets into the saliva tube. HIV doesn't do this. Because HIV doesn't get into the saliva tube, you would only receive a tiny, tiny amount if bitten after an HIV-carrier. HIV needs quite a high dose to infect someone, which is another reason why you won't get infect by mosquitos. If you did happen to get bitten just after an HIV-carrier, you'd receive about one ten-millionth of the dose needed to actually infect you.
Is Valves Steam a trusted system?
Yes. There is so much money coming in from Steam that it won't go down. It's got so many big companies selling through it. If Valve can no longer keep it up, they have said that they will release a key or software to unlock all your games from steam and remove the DRM. But they probably won't have to, since there are so many that would love to buy Steam and take over control of it. I don't know if Valve would sell it, but if they wanted to, then there's a huge amount of large companies ready to grab it.Yes. Game companies rely on Steam to protect their games from copying while also allowing users to enjoy those games with relative ease. Thus, Steam is, "a system that is relied upon to a specified extent to enforce a specified security policy." Security policy: Don't allow users to extract game information and use it elsewhere without a license. Do so while making it easy for the customers to use. Extent: To the best of Valve's ability
Can someone explain why Jesus is often one in the same as God, and why do people pray to both?
Christian doctrine describes [The Trinity]: - The Father - The Son - The Holy Spirit They are separate but one. While Jesus was distinct Jesus was, in their theology, literally God on Earth. So, praying to Jesus is the same as praying to God. They are the same entity. If this leads you to wonder about some other questions I am not surprised. Thinking the ramifications of that through leads to some interesting conclusions but I guess that is another topicIs Jesus the Same As God? John 10:30: I and my father are one. *Jesus is God.* John 14:28: I go unto the Father: for my Father is greater than I. *God is greater than Jesus.* They're two entities of the same person, it seems. It 'd be like calling someone "Mike" or "Michael" - although they are different names, it all goes back to the same person/thing.The best analogy I've heard for the Trinity is the states of matter. Ice, water, and steam are all H2O, but they differ in lots of ways.
Why does your stomach 'drop' when your in an elevator?
Because that's literally what happens. Your stomach has inertia, it wants to stay where it is. Your body suddenly starts moving up, it has to exert a force on your insides to get them to also move up. Same thing coming back down.
The feeling that your being watched. Like if you don't know someone is in the room but feeling like someone else is there
One theory is that your brain can be very sensitive to slight changes in how sound bounces around the room. If someone enters the room, it will slightly change the dynamics of how the room reflects sound now that there is a person in the way. You brain may be able to pick up on that slight change of noise signature and alert you that something in the room has changed and you should probably take a look around to ensure that you are not in dangerI have no source, but IIRC this sort of "sixth sense" is just a result of confirmation bias. People are more likely to remember the times that they "sensed" someone was watching, looked to make sure, and saw that someone was in fact there.
What is ETH Ethereum cryptocurrency, why it has value and what are "smart contracts"?
Ether is a cryptocurrency, similar to bitcoin.Ether has value as it is used to propel exchange of information on the Ethereum blockchain. As Ethereum is finding its way in to every single sector worldwide . Adoption of the technology is at a pivotal point. Ether will be used to fuel smart contracts which is one of the valuable layers of the Ethereum platform. Basically the technology behind Bitcoin is called blockchain. Vitalik Buterin looked at the tech and said, this can be so much more than a transfer of monetary value. It can be a transfer of information. Bitcoin is strictly a cryptocurrency . It can't do anything else other than provide payment solutions. Ethereum is a blockchain platform that allow for so much more than just a crypto payment layer. Smart contracts, which many say is a misnomer as they are not "smart", but they are a computerized transaction protocol that self-executes the terms of a contract. If Y, then execute X autonomously. Smart Contracts allow users to solve common problems in a way that minimizes trust. Simple examples are transferring car titles or property values, managing marriage and divorce agreements, placing bets in fantasy sports leagues, revenue disbursements via micropayments , among many, many other use-cases that are much more complicated. This is Ether and smart contracts at their bare minimum. There is so much to Ethereum! PS. Oh and it's all decentralized, meaning no single point of failure, no censorship and its all transparent and immutable in a safe, encrypted way.[This is a great explanation video] from a programming point of view - explained in layman's' terms. It helped me to distinguish the difference between BTC and ETH.
How does someone deal with professional degrees and other resume info when in the witness protection program?
Many of them cannot. They have to take menial jobs in somewhat related fields, or start from scratch. Licences and degrees for practicing in those fields are attached to a name. If you want to change your name and keep your licence you have to notify the licencing board of the switch. Protected witnesses cannot do that.
The Senkaku islands - Japan/China tension.
The Senkaku Islands are claimed by Japan, China, and Taiwan. Officially, Japan annexed the islands in 1895 with the US taking them back in 1945 and giving them back to Japan in 1972. However, this same year is when China and Taiwan began to claim the islands as their own. Japan ended up giving the islands to a local mayor to take care of and in 2012 announced plans to fully purchase the islands back. This has caused a lot of stress in China because of past history between China and Japan mostly because China feels Japan has never apologized appropriately enough for their actions in World War 2. China's position:1) We discovered the islands first.2) We have old maps that show they belonged to us 3) When Japan took control of the islands the Minister of Foreign Affairs was nervous about making us mad which shows they truly belong to us.4) Japan only claims their four major islands and any other minor islands "we" decide. The \'we\' in this sentence are countries who signed the Potsdam Declaration which includes us!5) We never agreed with the US to give Japan the islands in 1972. Japan's position:1) The islands are uninhabited and were not in China's control before 1895.2) The islands are not part of Taiwan or another island group which were given to us in 1895 but we gave those back later.3) We 've controlled them since 1972.4) You only wanted them since 1971 when the UN said there could be oil and gas nearby. So now China is really mad with Japan for playing with this cool toy and they want it back. Both countries are too scared to immediately start a war so China is sending over a lot of fishing boats to scare Japan to see what they do. If Japan does nothing it may show China that Japan is incapable or unwilling to protect the islands.
If home electronics in USA is working at 110V, why do we use 220V electric current in Europe. Isn't 110V more energy efficient?
Higher voltages are generally more efficient because they reduce the current needed to deliver a required number of watts, and lower current means less power lost to heat in the wires. That's why pylons carry thousands of volts rather than 110V or 220V. On the other hand, lower voltages are safer because a smaller current will pass through your body if you get a shock.
Nasa want to send a wind-powered robot to Jupiter. How does this work when there's no wind in space?
There's no wind in space, but there's wind in Jupiter's atmosphere, just like there's wind here on Earth. The probe will reach Jupiter the same way that other probes have been sent to planets before.