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How did translations of the first languages go about?
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Do you mean how do peoples who speak different languages learn each other's language? This can be done in much in the same way as the fundamentals of language are taught: lots of ad hoc sign language. You could start with the basics such as "My name is X. What is your name?" and progress to pointing at objects and giving their names. The grammatical rules can be picked up by noticing how words are ordered and how they change in various contexts, such as when referring to one object or many . EDIT: grammar
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Why are some medications race-based?
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There's sufficient genetic difference between various human races to create different reactions to certain drugs, or increase the possibility of certain reactions in certain races. An example of one such difference is a genetic switch in some Asians that floors them completely when they have one drink because their metabolism very rapidly turns the alcohol they ingest into acetaldehyde, which is poisonous when in larger doses and gives them wicked hangovers. Some drugs are metabolized or take effect in different ways as programmed by race-specific genetics, and that can lead to bad side-effects such as cancer or a drug that just doesn't work at all.Well, in addition to the genes that cause skin color, people of different races tend to share lots of other genes. For example, a particular form of heart failure is very prominent among blacks compared with whites . As such, a drug was approved to deal with this specific problem that tends to disproportionately effect black people. Race based medicine is a controversial subset of personalized medicine. The whole idea of personalized medicine is tailoring treatments to your own personal body, genes, and conditions. Since racial groups have very similar genetics compared with people outside that group, race-based medicine can be a stepping stone towards personalized medicineI wouldn't call Medication "Race Based". Much of the efficacy of medicine has to do with the condition you are being treated for. Certain subsets of the population are more likely than others to have certain diseases and genetic abnormalities which can make medicine either more effective or less effective. This provides the appearence of a "Race" or "Genetic" Based" distribution of medicine despite not being such.
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How does Publix (a grocery chain in the SE United States) make a profit when they offer so many buy one-get one (BOGO) deals?
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The store doesn't fund those sales - the manufacturer does. The manufacturer then uses this marketing expense as a tax write-off. Source: used to work in the industry.There's no single reason. Sometimes the profit margin really is so high, they can do that and still make a profit. This is particularly true of junk food. In the case of fresh food, it might be an overstock - use it or lose it. It might even be a "loss leader": sell a few items at a loss to get feet in the store.well, think of it like this. you need ice cream. you see a publix ad for bogo ice cream pints. so you go to publix to get ice cream. then you also get bread, milk and a candy bar while you're there. they just made some more $ because you saw the ad. maybe the ice cream is nearing the sell by date. if they don't unload them, they'll have to toss or return them. so easier to make some $ quickly by doing a bogo. and just because it's bogo doesn't mean they don't make profit. say the store buys the pint for $1 each. they still individually for $4. so if they say bogo free, they're still making profit. just maybe not as much as they would've.
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Why do many large companies lease their office/retail space instead of owning it?
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There are a couple of reasons I can think of.1. A lease is nearly a 100% write off as it is an expense. If a company gets a loan on the building only the interest would be a write off. 2. Buying a building with cash locks in a lot of capital to a single asset. Capital that could be used for other ways of increasing productivity. 3. Selling a building can be a long drawn out process depending on the market. So if a business decided to move they would have a difficult time scheduling that when compared to a lease where they know when the lease is up and can plan accordinglyIt would be my guess that they want to limit their risk in the real estate market as well as leave themselves an opportunity to move elsewhere rather easily if the market or business needs change. For example, a building a company is renting could be in a high traffic area and attract a lot of customers/employees for the first several years of operation but what if competition opens up nearby and they see a BIG drop in their revenue; moving elsewhere could remedy the issue. Also, their businesses could expand and profits could increase so exponentially that they would need to move to a bigger building to accommodate more staff and updates.
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If another Winter frost hits and kills all the newly sprung animals and flowers, would they simply procreate and bloom again when it gets warmer, or would everything be dead until next Spring?
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They would continue procreating when the weather warmed up for good. One frost doesn't wipe out every organism out there. If one event was capable of destroying everything none of us would be here. Relax! Spring is coming for good, hopefully soon, and all the new plants and animals will come along with it.
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How can people function on only a few hours of sleep?
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Polyphasic sleep is supposedly one way - I tried it a couple of times, but I suck at sleeping during the day, so it never worked out for me. Check out the various patterns at the Wikipedia page: _URL_0_ I would LOVE to get the Uberman pattern going, if it actually works - look at the remark about the Dymaxion pattern, the author couldn't actually test it because his wife wouldn't let him. As for myself, I don't sleep that much, typically between 5 and 6 hours a day. It seems to work out fine, I found that it actually helps avoiding caffeine. It may give you a boost, but long-term, it brings you down. I go several days without drinking any soda at all. If you currently have a habit, you need to shake it - that means zero caffeine for at least 7 days . One or twice a week, I typically crash and have to sleep for a few hours during the day, usually on a weekend. It should also be mentioned that most sleep experts agree that cutting down the amount of sleep per day has a negative impact on your health.As the short-tempered, sleep-deprived parent of a new 10-week-old, I am honestly not sure it is possible to function on only a few hours sleepYou can train yourself to live with little sleep, but long-term, it affects the brain as if you are constantly drunk. You can still do simple tasks, but you will also take much longer for them, care a lot less about consequences if you do something wrong and thus the extra time you gain through sleeping less is more than compensated by the low quality of your work in the time you are awake.I think it's very important to have a strong focus in life. That when you wake up you know exactly what to do. I'm the opposite of that, so sleep is very important to me.
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How did calendars developed thousands of years ago such as the Julian calendar keep track of time so efficiently?
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Actually, they didn't get it quite right, to the point where they had to eliminate about 10 days in the fall, about 500 years ago, to correct the accumulating error. Side note: I had an astronomy profession in college who also taught history. One of her favorite exam questions was, "What notable event occurred on Oct 12, 1523 ?" . This was a day that never existed.
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Most of my money is a number in a bank database. What is there to stop a bank artificially inflating someone's number?
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It is not just 1 number, it's the sum of a transaction history that is cross-referenced to the various accounts that put money in or took it out of your account. If you just made one number bigger, the whole thing wouldn't balance and that would be picked up by the auditors/accountants.
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How can people with Down's Syndrome donate blood
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Red blood cells do not have a nucleus, and therefore no DNA. Assuming that there is not a separate mutation/issue that impacts RBC production, their red blood cells would be normal. Not sure about other blood productsRed blood cells do not have a nucleus therefore they do not have any chromosomes or DNA in them
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How does the Federal Government have jurisdiction on First Nation land?
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Major Crimes Act : The Major Crimes Act provides for federal criminal jurisdiction over seven major crimes when committed by Indians in Indian country. Over time, the original seven offenses have been increased to sixteen offenses currently. Indian reservations are not their own countries and operate under the US Bureau of Indian Affairs TLDR; It depends on the crime being commited whether or not this falls under Tribal or Federal or State jurisdictionsIn California the State of California usually has jurisdiction over crimes committed by or against Indians on Indian land. However, this was a crime committed by a Canadian man on Indian land. Since the suspect is a foreign citizen I imagine the US government got jurisdiction that way.
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Why is Morrissey so popular amongst Latinos?
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Latino here, In my opinion Morrissey's style of singing is very similar to Mariachi style, including song lyrics and such. Having grown up with maricahi music, listening to Morrissey just feels very similar.Someone had the same question and made a documentary about it: _URL_1_ EDIT: This article sums it up nicely: _URL_0_If they heard him talk about anything they would hate him, he is a twatChuck Klosterman's "IV" has an article all about this phenomenon
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What do physicists mean when they say space is curved?
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Because spacetime behaves like it's curved by the presence of mass and energy. What does curvature mean? Let's say we have two points and we draw a straight line between them. Now let's say we want to increase the length of the line while keeping the endpoints fixed. How do we do that? We curve it so that it's no longer straight. The shortest distance between two points is a straight line, so to increase the distance, we make the line no longer straight. If you have two points in empty space, there is some distance between them. Now put the same two points near a black hole, and you'll measure the distance between the points to be larger. The way physicists interpret this is that the space in between the two points near the black hole is curved . > Why would an empty space have any shape at all either flat or curved? A completely empty universe would just have the Minkowski metric of Special Relativity, which is globally flat.
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Why did a law need to be passed telling federal employees that they couldn't participate in insider trading?
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This is how I understand it. Can someone please fill in the details or correct me on this? Part of the reason is because, technically, a lot of what they were doing wasn't "insider" trading. Typically, insider trading happens when you work for a company or are someway involved in a company and you happen to know that your company did something good, so you and your buddies buy up a bunch of stock in advance of that public knowledge. There are other ways, but basically it's when you or someone you know has knowledge "inside" of a company. There's plenty of that that went on in Congress as well, and still will. But what was happening was that Congress itself was the "insider". It knew it was about to pass a law that, say, hurt companies X, Y, and Z. So they took that knowledge and sold their shares or "shorted" them to make a profit off this knowledge. Technically, this didn't have anything to do with having "inside knowledge" of a company's performance, financials, etc, so it was legal. It's still wrong, though, because it gives lawmakers a financial incentive to make laws one way or another that benefit them financially.
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Why do problems and stresses that don't seem like a big deal during the day suddenly seem life threatening and world ending when you wake up at 2:30 AM?
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I'm not sure what 'stresses' you are taking about, but I'm going to take a guess at what you mean and work from there. You are at your most vulnerable when you are asleep. You are effectively unconscious and many of your senses are non-responsive or at least sort of 'muted' as it were. This means that when you wake up at 2:30 in the morning because you heard a bump downstairs, or a loud howl of wind, your mind goes into overdrive because the 'threat' could be quite a lot closer due to your unconscious state. You need to be ready for a fight just in case. Your brain isn't perfect and it can sometimes relay that fear to other, non threatening but still stressful situations.
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Why do we just "click" with some people?
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Because our personalities relate in some manner. I figured this out by looking into it and wondering my friends were my friends. It really just came down to being weird, funny, spontaneous, talkitive and stuff like that. My brain just likes these people and gets a 'high' off of them. Sorta like a drug
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How are mathematicians and astronomers able to predict solar and lunar eclipses thousands of years in advance?
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Because it's simply a math problem involving physics equations. Consider a math problem from your school text book where there are a pair of train tracks leading from Chicago to St. Louis which is 250 miles away. A train leave Chicago at noon going at 50 mph while at the same time a train leaves St. Louis traveling at 75 mph. Where along the route would you need to be waiting to watch the trains cross each others path and at what time would that happen? Solving such a problem isn't too hard, and since the planets follow a predictable path with a predictable speed too ) you can solve for them too if you gather all the numbers about where they are and how fast they orbit.
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Why do people's voices get super deep/groggy in the mornings?
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I looked this up because I was curious. Basically it's gunk that builds up in your throat overnight from your horizontal position, then goes away once you're upright.
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Why do we crave the cold side of the pillow?
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I can only speak from my experiences, but I'm much more comfy when my ears are cold. A warm pillow makes my ears too warm. So I flip the pillow and it feels more pleasant against my ears and keeps them cool.
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What is actually going on inside your body when you "get the wind knocked out of you"?
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Your solar plexus is a bundle of nerves. If you are hit there, the nerves are shocked for a while, and cause your diaphragm to be paralyzed. This keeps you from breathingAfter being "winded" many times, I 've developed a method to recover quickly. Now this might be an actual thing that is well known about. And feel free to call me out on this. But what I do is, I put all the effort I can into exhaling. I reasoned that while it is hard to breath normally when you have the wind knocked out of you. Exhaling is easier than breathing in. And other than being quite terrifying, once you breath out. You automatically breath in. Repeating this will get you back to normal in no time flat. *tl;dr* Breath out rather than in to recover quickerFollow up questions : can the wind be knocked out of you, and your body is unable to restart breathing?', "While the volume of air in your lungs can increase/decrease as you breath, there is a base amount of air that is always retained in the lungs which is called the Residual Volume. Even when you exhale as much as possible, you will not be able to remove this residual volume from your lungs. A strong enough force to your diaphragm however, could actually push some of that residual volume out, which can be very painful and can cause the alveoli to collapse. This force will likely also over stimulate the solar plexus, temporarily paralyzing your diaphragm, ultimately making it difficult for you to catch your breath. Just lie on your stomach and tough it out, it sucks but you're tough.
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What if any economic impact will the Large Hadron Collider have on mankind?
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It's impossible to know, but you might be surprised. Some quick examples: 1. The Internet as we know it today was the result of the work of Tim Berners-Lee, an employee of CERN, the operator of the LHC. He coupled the Internet, the largest node of which was then at CERN, with the concept of HyperText . CERN was later the host of the world's first modern website. 2. Abstract concepts to us, like relativity, have surprising uses. As it happens, relativity is crucial to the operation of GPS, which wouldn't be accurately able to locate a device on Earth using timing signals from space without it. 3. Technology driven for one purpose can often be redirected for another. By building the LHC we 've had to solve some incredibly challenging problems, the first to spring to mind being that it produces about a petabyte of data per second, which needs to be assessed and stored in real-time. That's a pants-on-head stupid amount of data, and I can't think of any such challenge that we 've ever had to overcome before, and it's an interesting way of foreseeing some of the challenges we're almost certainly going to face with the growth of the Internet.
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Why are Jews so made fun of?
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[Here is a "Simple to Remember" explanation of the six main reasons why], written by folks who have a lot of experience with this questionThey have a distinct religion/culture from the rest of the people around them. People make fun of people that are different.
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Why don't they package soda and beer the same? Like why do we have 30 racks of beer and not soda?
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There *ARE* 30 packs of soda. Walmart sells them. [Here's a link for 30 cans of Diet Mt Dew] If you want to see other examples you can google 30 pack of soda, thats how I found that link.Do you mean something like this _URL_1_ . In short the do package beer and soda the same, minus the 2 liter bottle, they just market to what sells best.
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Why is it so hard for smokers to stop smoking?
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There is a lot of ritual involved in smoking and a lot of nostolgia for most people that goes beyond the physical addiction. Many people have their work tied in mentally to cigarette breaks. The stress is the stress of that ritual being disrupted. For a smoker the smoke break is like waiting for Christmas and Christmas comes every two hours. Take that away and it becomes hard to tolerate previously tolerable things. There is also a sort of fraternity among smokers that you loose. Many people met lots of friend over bumming, giving away cigarettes to others. Smoke breakers usually move in crowds, whether in work or in bars and it is a social network that can get you laid or advance your career Smoking is like a little present you get every day with all sorts of great memories and people attached to it. It's not just raw addiction to the drug that makes people miserable, it is loosing the habit itself. At least for me anyway. For chain smokers it is probably different or people who can still light up when ever it is probably different.
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Why is it that I visit websites and Facebook/Google automatically know that and give me targeted ads?
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When you visit websites that link to pages of interest, they send your pseudo identity and your interest profile to central ad servers. When you visit another page that has an ad spot for a remarketing ad, they pull your identity and interest profile and select those ads that are best matched to you. Your pseudoidentity is an id number that's generated and kept on your browser as a cookie.
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Was there ever a "wood age"?What do we know about wooden(and other perishable) tools?
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No, there was never a point in human history where we could use wooden tools but not stone tools. The "stone age" is just a term used to describe when we used tools that were naturally occurring. We used fire hardened spears and flint knapped with stone. Edit- Flint knapping not flint mapping.For those interested, there's a great YouTube Channel called Primitive Technology. [Here's him making a stone age axe to cute trees with.]", 'Wood, bone and horn were used at the same time as stone tools were also being used, to some extent it depended upon the availability of suitable materials. Generally whatever suitable material that was readily available was used, with certain material being better suited for different tasks.If you did have the means to obtain wooden tools, wouldn't stone tools be immediately sought?
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The ongoing mental imagery debate.
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here we go i will post what i think and say it is true, and then someone will post why what i post is wrong and then you will have the correct answer :) one side says we use the same pathways in the brain when imagining something as we do when we actually see it. the other side says no that is not true, we use the memory networks in our brain to remember what things look like.
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Why are death row inmates housed separately?
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People care less about obeying rules when they are about to die. At this point what do they have to lose? Did Jerry over in cell D12 make a rude comment about your mother? Maybe Jerry should get stabbed 12 times with a sharpened tooth brush. What are the guards going to do about it? Kill you? lol!It is custom. There also might be the fear that an inmate with literally nothing to lose would kill another over the slightest thing. I was told that an inmate on death row believes if he kills an officer he will be tried for it which would start the whole process over for him and buy him more time. This is not true. But all that matters is that the inmate believes it. One small part of the reason is that working on death row is voluntary. An officer may believe that confinement is the only way to deal with the behavior of individuals. But they may not believe that once an person is confined and cannot harm others then he should also be killedThey tend to be pretty bad people, and they have nothing to lose. Most inmates can look forward to being released someday, until they manage to commit crimes while in prison. Even those with life sentences have a future to think about, and bad behavior can make that future much worse. Those on death row can act with impunity because they have no future, and any punishment the state can mete out pale in comparison to death. Do you want some 19-year-old doing five years for being an accomplice to a liquor store robbery sharing a cell with a person like that?
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Why do cable companies give such wide and inconvenient timeslots for doing housecalls?
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lets say that the tech has 8 trips to make. they don't know how long each appt will take. some could take 10 min. others could take an hour. so they give you a range. but 8-5 is rather unreasonable. i usually see 8-12 or 1-5. you can ask them to call you before they get there. some will, some won't
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How does the National Security Council differ from other federal agencies?
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The NSC is just a group of people, with other government jobs, to whom the President turns for national security advice and recommendations. They read the analysis written by experts and help the President evaluate public opinion and political factors .
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Why do we capitalise all words except conjunctions and some prepositions in titles?
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Convention, at heart. It used to be that writers capitalized all letters. Then, some time passed, and they capitalized only nouns and beginnings of sentences. Then, more time passed, and they started capitalizing only proper nouns. It's gotten to the point that we only capitalize more meaningful words in general and in titles. For instance, "the" isn't as meaningful as nouns and verbs are. EDIT: Teotwaki69 correctly says in the below post that the convention is based on parts of speech.It's just the convention, but there are variations and it hasn't always been the same. For example, some websites *Capitalize Every Word In A Headline*. On the other hand, the standard in British English is to only capitalize *The first word and any proper nouns, like Jones, in the headline.* ", 'BTW, in German, all nouns are capitalized, as well as the beginning of the sentence. But "I" is not. So i was going to the Farm to get some Eggs. In the US we usually capitalize everything having to do with the Deity. So the Lord said of Jesus, "This is My Beloved. Hear ye Him." AFAIK, the is not true internationally, for example in Canada, Australia, or Great BritainI believe it just helps to give the important words more significance to make certain things quicker and easier to read. Even if you don't fully read the words "for" and "and", your brain would still naturally assume that they are there in between the important words whilst quickly reading a sentence.
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Why does toothpaste clean headlights so well?
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Toothpaste is an abrasive. If you imagine starting with a plank of rough wood, and wanted it to be really smooth, you'd start with really rough sandpaper. That would scrape out lots of deep grooves in the wood. You'd now have something with a rough finish, and would repeat that with finer and finer grades of sandpaper. Going from 40 up to 250 or higher would leave you with a smooth surface, and the scratches get finer, and each time you're scraping away the smaller scratches. For something see through it's harder, and the light gets bent more easily by even small scratches, so you'd have to use really really high grades of sandpaper, and it still might look foggy. Now instead of sandpaper, imagine you took the abrasive off the paper and just rubbed it straight on with a cloth. This would be polishing compound, and it makes much smaller scratches. If you use very small abrasive particles, the scratches are too small to be that far off a flat surface. Toothpaste is a close approximation to a polishing compound like this. The scratches are so small the surface is almost completely flat. You've removed the bigger scratches and your headlights are clear.
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in World War 2, to go home did you have to become disabled and would you get paid straight away?
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There were a number of qualifications needed to be sent home from the front during World War II as a discharged serviceman or woman - 1.) Contracting an illness that required long term recovery2.) Amputations3.) Wounds that interfered with stamina, agility, dexterity4.) Loss of sight in at least one eye5.) Capture and Interrment in a POW camp There were other reasons, but those were the majority of the causes resulting in discharge from the military. Compensation came in the forms of the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944, also known as the GI Bill of Rights. Under this Bill, servicemen who served in WWII were eligible to receive the following: - four years of education or training. At the time, this consisted of $500 towards tuition, books and supplies, plus a monthly subsistence allowance. - guaranteed home, farm and business loans up to $2,000 - unemployment benefits of $20 weekly for up to 52 weeks provided they served a minimum of 90 days prior to medical discharge. It was also understood that returning soldiers, if they were able, could resume their previous employment, vacated when they either enlisted or were drafted. [ Taken from: _URL_0_ ] As for disability payments? The answer is no. They were not paid straight away. Applications were reviewed and often delayed, temporary or in significantly smaller amounts than anticipated. To this day, there are WWII veterans who are still struggling to obtain disability compensation from their time in WWII. For some of these soldiers, their benefits were cut off, or were delayed, or otherwise ended precipitously. Case in point: _URL_3_ The veterans were able to receive some rehabilitative services, and some additional health care services thanks to the 1943 LaFollette-Barden Vocational Rehabilitation Act, and then later, thanks to 1946 Hill-Burton Act, where hospitals, rehab centers and public health facilities, but at the time, the 1935 Social Security Act's disability clauses applied primarily to the blind and disabled children. It wasn't until the 1950s that Social Security was expanded to include disability benefits. Additional source information: _URL_2_, _URL_1_
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Why are crickets so hard to find?
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It’s hard to pinpoint in on sounds that are loud enough to create an echo. Things like a smoke detector that beep, leave you clueless because it echos and the sound bounces all over and also it’s short. The beep only goes on for a few moments and then it stops. Sounds that are constant like for example a hissing sound of a leaking air line are easy to find because it’s constant and you can constantly adjust your perception of where it is. A cricket chirps and then it’s silent, leaving you with no ability to figure out where the noise came from and only for you to guessImagine if they were EASY to find. Then I assure you, something would eat them, right? Evolutionary pressure to be heard by potential mates but but NOT found by predators must be huge. You are not evolved to find them.
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Why does my dog choose so carefully where he pees?
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Dogs actually communicate by peeing certain ways or places. If he pees on a place which had already been peed on, he is kinda respondibg the message by the previous dog. Also they can mark their terrotories or leave a message for other dogs.
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why do news channels consider Twitter a reliable, relevant, and serious source for different things?
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Newspaper reporter here. Proof: _URL_0_ Journalists use Twitter as a place for information the same way we talk to people as sources. There are a lot of people on Twitter who do and say newsworthy things. Barack Obama, Pope Francis, tons of politicians, scientists and business people all have Twitter accounts. Sometimes they post things that are relevant to larger audiences. The other thing that's great about Twitter is when breaking news happens. During the Boston Marathon bombings manhunt, average citizens posted information about what streets police shut down and provided details about what they heard and saw from places journalists couldn't get to. The people on Twitter gave first-hand accounts that reporters used as leads to tell the rest of the country what was going on. Social media in general made a huge impact on the Arab Spring, which started in 2010 when citizens took to the streets in protest against various governments throughout the Middle East. Average people's tweets and videos became the first recordings of history. It was an incredible moment that showed how social media could make such a profound impact on the world at large. Good reporters take what they see on Twitter with a grain of salt just like we treat all information we receive with a bit of skepticism. Twitter is never used as the full story but it has become a major way people around the world share information. People in the media can't and shouldn't ignore it as a legitimate place to learn more about what is happening outside of our newsrooms.> Twitter was just for teens and young adults When reputable sources starting using it to disseminate information, that is no longer the case. Twitter is an easy way to reach a massive number of people, be it to share a major headline, or a photo of your dinner plate.Reliable, relevant, and serious news sources don't consider Twitter a reliable source for news. They do consider it a source for news leads but still do their own reporting before publishing or even retwitting that information.
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Why are mice associated with cheese?
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Most mice prefer to feed on grains and nuts rather than cheese, but when they're hungry, they'll eat whatever they can find that is edible. Cheese tends to smell very strongly, especially when not refrigerated, and that makes it easier to find by mice, so when they're hungry, they'll go for whatever's easiest to find, i.e. cheese. Over time, this created the assumption that mice like cheese, and this in turn was used in cartoons and other media so often that some people assume that mice are inordinately fond of cheese.Cheese is often storded for long periods of time which increase the chance of mice finding it. Cheese has been made a long time so it has has time to fester as a symbol', "Once upon a time, we didn't have refrigerators. We had bread boxes, cookie jars, etc. But cheese? Cheese was just a wheel that was left out. And the only thing a hungry mouse could get into
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How do speakers of tonal languages convey different degrees of emotion?
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From experience .Before we start, let me try to explain a small bit about how the language works, since it's quite different from English. What most people call words in Mandarin, those single syllabic things with tones, apart from some very commonly used ones, are almost never used alone. They are almost used as part of a short "phrase", which work a lot more similarly to words in English. And because of this, those "phrases" are about as well known for a Mandarin speaker, as words are for an English speaker. So you have a lot more freedom regarding emphasis and tone than you would imagine. There are only 4 tones in Mandarin , flat, rising, falling then rising, and falling. These only apply to those single syllabic words and are quite distinct from each other, differentiating between them isn't too hard . A phrase as a whole may have a variety of "tones" itself, rising or falling within itself. If this is hard to imagine, picture a piece of music that has an overall rising melody, it may have small parts of it that rise or fall. And this combined with emphasis on words, stresses, etc can convey just as many nuances as English. And as far as someone breaking down in tears, that's pretty hard to understand in any language.
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Why is self-plagiarism an issue in academics?
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SOURCE: I am a college professor and published academic. Several people have already said "you're not doing the work" to which OP is responding, "I did the work earlier and isn't the point just to be competent anyway?" Well, yes and no. The fact is, if you asked ten educators the purpose of education, you 'd probably get fifteen different answers. Teaching you about specific subjects is one purpose. Teaching you "how to learn"--that is, how to approach new material in a self-beneficial way--is another. Yet another is economic: part of going to school is learning to deal with authority, to perform seemingly pointless tasks, and to jump through hoops . Giving you a diploma or a degree is one way of telling employers, "this person can do assignments." Setting aside the cynical explanation, though, and returning to the purely pedagogical one: there is value in repetition. If you learn to play a single song on the piano, you will get very good at that song, but you will never become a concert pianist. If you lift weights only one time, you will never get stronger. If you turn in the same paper two or three or four times, you have only "done the work" once, when the real educational value is to be found in "doing the work" over and over again. That's why it's generally disallowed by teachers and professors: because it's "cheating" yourself out of the experience the class is supposed to provide. That said, as a graduate student I have quoted my own previous work in new papers, complete with citation, and have never been criticized for it.In academic writing, the assumption is that uncited ideas are a new contribution to the field, even if it was your idea in the first place. It's just a report for a class, but they want you to get used to the style.
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How do football pools work
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In the simplest form, you have a 10x10 grid of squares. Along one axis, you have a team name & each column gets the numbers 0-9. Along the other you have the other team's name & the rows are labeled 0-9. When you buy into a pool, you buy a square and put your name in it. If your square wins, you get all the money. Each square represents a possible final score for the game, only looking at the final number. If a game is 24 to 14, the square at would be the "winner"; if the game is 21 to 17, the winner would be .
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How are things sticky?
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Adhesives and other sticky substances contain protein molecules that bond with the molecules of the surface they are spread upon by entering the pores and spaces of the material. Therefore, smooth surfaces such as glass are hard to attach to because there aren't any pores for molecules to enter.
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How does honey never expire?
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Its acidity, the lack of water, and the presence of hydrogen peroxide are the factors that cause honey to be so incredibly shelf-stable for pretty much eternity. Here's some reading on it: _URL_0_", 'Perfect! I just watched this video a couple weeks ago and now I get to pass on information! [HONEY VIDEO!!] Ninja edit: These videos are ELI5 friendly too ;D
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What physically determines the way your voice sounds?
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The allele pairs in your genes which influence the way your body is formed including vocal cords and throat shape size etc. Unfortunately I do not have scientific proof to back anything up someone else will have a more professional answer but here is what I found. _URL_0_
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What happens to people who are insomniacs, and why do they struggle so much to fall asleep?
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For one thing, there might be an underlying medical condition going on -- imagine trying to sleep well with chronic pain that's always happening. Or if you have an anxiety problem. Those things don't go away when you're trying to sleep. People might also have poor sleep hygiene. This means keeping some good, consistent practices with your sleep the same way you would do with things like showering or brushing your teeth. Try to go to bed at the same time every day, and limit any activities in bed other than sleeping or having sex. If you spend a lot of time in bed watching TV or whatever, your brain learns to associate the space with things other than sleep. If your brain associates the space with only sleep, you'll be more likely to fall asleep well -- the same way you might start to feel hungry after walking past a restaurant, even if you weren't hungry before. Stuff like exercising and avoiding caffeine later in the day helps too.
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If cigarettes contain things like arsenic, butane, cadmium, ammonia, and formaldehyde, how can people smoke then everyday for years without dying within the first few weeks?
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There is no such thing as lethal or safe substances. There are only lethal and safe doses. Water can be toxic if you drink enough of it"The dose makes the poison" - Paracelsus This is condensed from - "All things are poison and nothing is without poison; only the dose makes a thing not a poison."', "Because they are not at immediately toxic levels. Over time, however, they cause a great deal of damage to a person's health.If you subjected a sandwich to a detailed chemical examination, you would find traces of most of those things as well. Cigarette smoking is bad for you, no doubt, but producing a laundry list of scary chemicals is not the way to prove that. It is just a dishonest scare tactic.There are three kinds of poisons in cigarette smoke, those that cause damage and those that cause cancer, and those that cause heart disease. The body has defence mechanisms against poisons and damage, but constant exposure overwhelms them, resulting in chronic damage like COPD . The heart is damaged by small particles that are so small they pass to the bloodstream. This causes blocking of the arteries in the heart. Finally, carcinogens are attacked by the DNA of lung or other cells. Damage to DNA can destroy self-destruct mechanisms that prevent DNA-damaged cells from surviving and dividing. But the genes are in specific positions and the carcinogens are attacked by random parts of DNA, so it's random like Russian roulette. This is why there's no safe dose. Of course people who smoke less get fewer cancers, but this works only on population level. For an individual, if you smoke lightly and get cancer it's still your fault because of the smoking.
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How exactly radiation affect human body?
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Energetic neutrons, and gamma rays and x-rays , go blasting off and strike molecules in your cells. This has the effect of physically breaking them apart, a la the neutron, or breaking covalent bonds as the rays do. Enough of this can just kill your cell outright. But if you just get the occasional strike against a DNA molecule, now you have a physically broken piece of DNA. If it doesn't kill the cell, DNA has an interesting property in that it can reassemble itself. The problem is it doesn't always go back the right way. Often, this creates a cancerous cell and your body will identify and destroy it. Sometimes, your immune system can't "see" the cell as cancerous and it's accidentally allowed to run rampant. More radiation is used in chemotherapy to kill the cells in the same way they were made cancerous in the first place.
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Why is flossing considered more important than brushing?
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I'm not a dentist, but from what I've been told by my dentist, flossing reduces bleeding gums more than brushing. Bleeding gums are actually quite a problem, aside from being gross, because they add stress to the heart. So bleeding gums can actually contribute negatively, and sometimes severely, to the health of your circulatory system. Since you can live without teeth, but not a heart, I think that's the big point. Less dramatic is that flossing does prevent cavities in places where cavities are more prone, like between teeth and in the very back. These places are cleaned less efficiently by a brush. Also I've heard flossing does positive things for the health of your gums which brushing can't do. I also have heard that what the other commenters have said about how everybody brushes but many people don't floss, so the dental industry makes flossing a bullet point, is true as well.
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- Why taking long showers or brushing your teeth with the faucet open waste water?
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The source of your clean water and the location where your wastewater ends up are rarely the same. Water treatment plants can recapture SOME wastewater, but the rest is lost, dumped into the sea or downstream for the very reason that we don't want sewage in our water supply. It depends greatly on where you live, but commonly fresh water comes from snow melt and rainfall replenishing natural or man-made aquifers, and not being drawn from a river.
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How are KFC's 11 secret herbs and spices still a secret?
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It's not worth it. At this point, KFC could probably publish the exact recipe on the walls of their restaurants and it wouldn't make a difference. No one is going to create a chain restaurant to make the exact same thing that another chain restaurant does with no changes at all. If someone wanted to make money selling KFC fried chicken, it would be far easier and more cost efficient to just franchise a KFC.
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How come educational channels like history and discovery do not show educational things anymore?
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Educational shows no longer draw enough viewers to pay the bills for the upkeep of the channelBecause so many people learn about history from Reddit instead.
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How CDs/DVDs Store and Read Data, and Why a Scratch Can Ruin Everything
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CDs and DVDs are types of *optical discs*. The CD/DVD is covered with a large number of little holes, called pits. A tightly focused laser shines onto the surface of the CD, and depending on whether it hits a pit or a flat part, the intensity changes. A sensor reads that intensity change, and translates it into a 1 or a 0. That stream of 1's and 0's is then turned into music or video.
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what did ancient humans do with umbilical cords during birth?
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The umbilical cord is connected to the placenta, the interface between the fetal and maternal bloodstreams, which is given the folksy name 'afterbirth' -- because the woman ejects it shortly after the birth, within the hour. Thing weighs about a pound too. Isn't giving birth beautiful? Once that's out, the baby is entirely detached. The umbilical cord will fall off the baby's end in a few days, leaving behind the navel, or 'belly button', assuming you don't cut it. Edit: Did I mention [you can eat it?] Not Safe For well anything. The real question is, is it vegan?
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Why do we use fresh water for our sewage?
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It's easier and cheaper to have a single delivery system to all buildings than it is to develop and install a second identical system for non-potable water delivery. You're also avoiding the inevitable mishaps when people confuse the two.Because when indoor plumbing was first developed, we thought there was plenty of fresh water, and that was never questioned Some people are changing that by incorporating grey water in their toilet systems.
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Why do many email services charge per email address/account, while most Instant Messengers let you have unlimited users?
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You want to charge a company as much as that company is willing to pay for a certain service, and this is usually directly proportional to how big that company is, and a great way to measure corporate size is how employee count, and a company usually has one email account per employee plus a few extra emails for departments, etc. A good rule of thumb is 1.05 * employee count.
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What happens after someone escapes prision
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The person who escaped tends to spend most of the time trying to get further from the prison while the police try and find them and then put them back in.The escapee is going to be on foot for at least a while, and they're probably in their prison uniform. Usually, the escape is discovered pretty quickly, and it doesn't take long to track down the escapee using some dogs to track their scent, along with other clues like footprints. If the escapee gets out of the immediate area, the prison has all of their details including pictures of their face, tattoos, weight, height, etc. This gives local police a far better picture of the person they're looking for than what they'd have after a robbery, and it makes any appearance in public for the escapee really risky. Unless they have someone on the outside ready to pick them up and hide them, they usually stay on foot, sticking to rural areas and parks. Someone with connections can have things set up on the outside to get a means of escape as well as the documents, clothes and other items needed to blend back into society. El Chapo's second escape involved a tunnel over a mile long that started at a shower, which had no cameras aimed at it, to a half-constructed house. Setting up this escape took at least a year of work. There was even a motorcycle inside the tunnel so he could get to the other side long before the prison would notice he was missing.
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Why can't we build a giant heat proof bulldozer to put out forest fires?
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The bulldozer would run into tress and quickly be unable to move. Certainly they can mow down small trees but large trees are very hard to topple .
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Why can't I become the President of the United States (I was born in Canada)?
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The founders were nervous that a foreign power would attempt to control the country by getting one of their own elected president. Hamilton wrote in the Federalist Papers: > Nothing was more to be desired than that every practicable obstacle should be opposed to cabal, intrigue, and corruption. These most deadly adversaries of republican government might naturally have been expected to make their approaches from more than one querter, but chiefly from the desire in foreign powers to gain an improper ascendant in our councils. How could they better gratify this, than by raising a creature of their own to the chief magistracy of the Union? Also, if we let, say, Arnold Schwarzenegger become president, and some Austrian rose to become a belligerent European dictator , there'd be concern that he wouldn't necessarily act in the best interests of the United States.Its the rules **US Constitution, Article II, Section 1** No person except a natural born citizen, or a citizen of the United States, at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the office of President; neither shall any person be eligible to that office who shall not have attained to the age of thirty-five years, and been fourteen years a resident within the United States.
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How do tempered glass screen protectors stop phone glass from breaking (cracking)?
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It's kinda like how sidewalks and asphalt work. You've got this outside barrier that breaks first, which provides enough resistance to stop a deeper or more severe break from happening.Most breaks are spiderweb fractures, a small part of the screen is damaged and it just keeps getting worse. Well, by using a screen protector, you can keep the actual screen from getting these surface cracks that weaken the glass, and so only the very cheap screen protector gets damaged and subsequently breaks.
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How does the rule of 3 work?
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[You're going to have to be more specific.]", 'The comedy rule of three is paraphrased as follows: In any given list, the first two items are ordinary, and the third is \'wacky.\' Take [Arson, Murder, and Jaywalking.] Arson and Murder follow a pattern, but Jaywalking breaks that pattern. The first two items serve to create a mindset, and when the third one is different, the result is comedy. More or less. Wait, that wasn't very LI5. LI5: The rule of three says that, to be funny, say two things that are similar, and then a third that is completely different. e.g.: "What's good to eat here?" "Well, we have great steaks, our french onion soup is divine, and the chef's special is roasted meteorite." Except funny.
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Was there any form of birth control used at brothels in pre-moderrn times? How did women prevent getting pregnant?
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There have been known herbs that can be used to induce abortions - such as Pennyroyal, that would be mixed with wine / teaiirc Roman prostitutes used sponges drenched in vinegar. Put it in before intercourse and it kills off the sperm.There's an [/r/AskHistorians post] with some excellent in-depth answers to this question.
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Does the shape of the Pentagon actually help the U.S. military?
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The design of it was to maximize office space while minimizing travel time on foot from one side to the other. The theory was for better reaction times and message delivery.The Primary feature of the Pentagon is that no two points in the building are more than 7 minutes apart on foot. When it was built this was a significant upgrade over a similar size office building which would be a fairly large skyscraper. With modern technology it really isn't that important.Yes. If it was a different shape, like a hexagon, everyone would think they were stupid for calling it a pentagon. People would think they were stupid and weak, and would take advantage of the USWhen the Pentagon was planned there where two possible sites avaiable, initialy a site next to Arlington Cemetery was chosen which was roughly pentagonal, so to maximize the avaiable floor space the building was planed as a pentagon, later do to concerns that the building would block the view of Washington from Arlington Cemetery the location was changed to the other possible location but to avoid having to replan everything the building stayed as a pentagon.
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If I'm thinking in english, what were thoughts like before we developed language?
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Here is a quote from Hellen Keller recalling what her thought processes were like before she was introduced to language. Sure, it's not *exactly* what you're looking for, but I think it provides some insight. [*The World I Live In* by Hellen Keller, Page 37] > Before my teacher came to me, I did not know that I am. I lived in a world that was a no-world. I cannot hope to describe adequately that unconscious, yet conscious time of nothingness. I did not know that I knew aught, or that I lived or acted or desired. I had neither will nor intellect. I was carried along to objects and acts by a certain blind natural impetus. I had a mind which caused me to feel anger, satisfaction, desire > When I wanted anything I liked,--ice-cream, for instance, of which I was very fond,--I had a delicious taste on my tongue , and in my hand I felt the turning of the freezer. I made the sign, and my mother knew I wanted ice-cream. I "thought" and desired in my fingers. Thought without language, at least from what can be gleaned from Hellen Keller's own observations, is made up of basic desires, habits, and emotions . Complex thoughts aren't really possible without a language to build ideas out of. So thoughts like you're having, even by just asking a question such as the one you posted are really only possible because you have a language that you can think with.when you say 'thinking', that is a big process, of which 'thinking in words' is a small part. kind of like confusing the commentator for the entire ball game.
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What is the Eastern philosophical concept of Wu?
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The short version is that it's the concept of everything being interconnected and interdependent. This, in turn, is supposed to help people be more aware of how their actions affect others, because other people's actions affect them as well. A similar concept is the "butterfly effect", where a tiny change leads to bigger and bigger consequences, often too big for the original actor to realize.
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How are instincts inherited to the following generation and is it possible to modificate and/ or create them?
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As far as I know, no one truly understands how instincts work. It is one thing to have a reflex, but there are complex behaviors are much tougher to explain. There was a recent neuroscience paper that came out that may help. Basically, they fear conditioned some male animals to a certain smell . They then had these males sire offspring. The offspring learned to be afraid of the smell much quicker than would normally be the case. They examined their olfactory system, and found that these offspring had increased receptors that were specific to the smell their Dad's had been made afraid of. Basically, making the Dad's afraid of a smell resulted in their offspring being particularly sensitive to that smell. This is called epigenetics: when experiences result in altered gene expression. Therefore, it is indeed possible, in a sense, for a "memory" to be passed on, although it isn't the memory per se, it is altered gene expressionInstincts are hard-wired into the brain and are genetically inherited. Think of genes that encode for proteins that wire the brain during development. The way nerve cells are wired with each other defines the behavior . The more complex the brain of the animal, the less of a role do instincts play.
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Why was 911 selected as the number to dial in case of emergency?
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They wanted a short, easy to remember number, but also one that was not as likely to be accidentally dialed. It also needed to be fast to dial during the era of rotary phones when the system was first designed. So a 3 digit number starting with 9 and then using the fastest to dial numbers of 1 was chosen.
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How do selective hiring companies not get sued?
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Because their business model is built around having females. It's like how Hooters can hire only attractive women because they're technically hiring models who just happen to waitress, and being attractive is a job qualification for being a model. Or how a man can't claim discrimination that a strip club won't hire him.
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why does the quick-E-mart on the corner sell copper scrubbers with the drug paraphernalia?
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Copper scrubbers are an essential part of a homemade crack pipe. You buy one of those little roses in a glass tube, take the ends off, toss the rose, shove a little copper scrubber in, insert crack, and lightYou take the scrubber and cut a piece and put t in the little glass rose so you can put the rock in the end to smoke it.
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Why do we get shakey?
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Electrolytes. Salt, magnesium, and the such Like an engine will shudder on Empty with no fuel.
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How do they manage to find precise recordings to make those composite/mash-up videos, of hundreds of clips of a person speaking certain words, to make them sing a song, etc?
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I've actually also wondered the same thing and I think I have an answer. I don't know this for certain but I imagine that what the people do is find several speeches by the figure they are using and then find the transcripts of the speeches. This is not normally very difficult particularly for public figures such as the president. They then just need to ctrl-f the speech to find the words they want and then go to that location of the video. They can then cut that part of the video out and rinse and repeat. It's still time-consuming but it's much faster than just blindly watching hundreds of videos.
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Why are we more attracted to a person when they're tan?
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Are we? This seems much more like a personal preference than a universal truth. I searched for your question and found an answer [here].
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Why can blank CD's hold the same length of music at different bitrates?
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> why can a CD that can hold 80 minutes of 320 kbps not otherwise hold 200 minutes of 128 kbps? Because CD audio doesn't have a bitrate the way MP3s do. It's raw, uncompressed audio . So both the 128 kbps mp3 and the 320 kbps mp3 will be uncompressed and converted to wav format before being written to the CD, at which point their equivalent bitrates are the same.If you record a CD as an audio CD, it *always* writes the music as 44.1kHz, 16-bit **uncompressed** audio. If the source was a low-quality MP3, you just end up with low-quality audio recorded at 44.1kHz, 16-bit. If you write it as a *data* CD, you can fit different amounts of audio on there. Many modern CD players can handle MP3s.
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Why is the presence of complex organic molecules discovered on Comet 67P and other objects not enough evidence to definitively say that life exists beyond Earth?
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Complex organic molecules can form and exist without life. By complex, we are talking simple amino acids, nitrogenous bases, super-simple polycarbons. These are not the same as the long polymers you would get from carbon-based life.Complex organic molecules are a precursor to life, but not life in themselves. It just means there are carbon or similar molecules with many parts, which is essential to life, but doesn't stem *from* life. it's the other way around.
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In video editing, what's the difference between Drop-Frame timecode, and Non-Drop-Frame timecode?
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In non-drop-frame, there are exactly 30 frames in every second of footage, i.e., the timecode endings for every second go :00, :01, :02, :29. You should only use non-drop-frame timecodes if your footage is 30.000 frames per second. In drop-frame, the first second of every minute not divisible by ten misses the first two frames, i.e., 54 seconds every hour have only 28 timecode endings like ;02, ;03, ;04, ;29 Thus 108 timecodes are missing per hour. Otherwise there would be 108,000 timecodes per hour so the drop-frame system removes exactly 1 in 1000 timecodes. Note that no frames are dropped, just that some timecodes are missing so that frame 00;01;59;29 is followed by frame 00;02;00;02. Semicolons are used instead of colons to highlight what's going on. This is done because NTSC has only about 29.97 frames per second. In fact NTSC is exactly 1 part in 1001 short of 30 frames per second so the drop-frame notation, using 1 part in 1000, is not exactly right, but it's close enough.
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Why is there is demand for high frames per second in video games, but it's ok for movies to stick to 24 fps? Is there a visible difference between the two mediums?
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Movie motion isn't designed to feel completely real, it has a bigger than life dreamlike feel that comes from the motion blur that occurs at 24 frames per second. Most games on the other hand are trying to be immersive and give you the feeling of being there and that requires the motion to be smoother. While not a direct game to movie comparison, watch a movie and then watch a soap opera or a late night talk show. You can clearly see and feel a difference and that is because the movie with its dreamy 24fps and the soap or talk show which is running at a more natural 30fps.
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How fast are things moving in the human body?
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it varies depending on what part of "everything" you're talking about. The main things, though, are the impulses fired from the brain down through the nervous system, which take some fraction of a millisecond, and the time it takes for your muscles to move your hand, which depends on the strength of your muscles, mass of your arm, and a few other factors. Most of the rest of your body isn't really involved beyond what's already going on; blood is pumping through your arm at what is probably a very-slightly-higher-than-resting rate due to the light activity, but it was pumping through there anyway, it just sped up a tiny bit since you weren't at a rest anymore. The muscles in your legs likely don't move at all, nor the muscles in your abs. Your digestive tract will continue digesting whatever's in there at its normal rate under most circumstances, unless your fingernails cause you to panic and have an adrenal response that temporarily slows/stops digestion and potentially voids your bowels.
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Can ship execute swift maneuvers in space if it has a lot of power? Or will it always move slowly?
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More power can easily translate to faster maneuverability. Modern spaceships use small thrusters placed around the exterior of the ship to turn. When a thruster is facing anywhere other than directly towards or away from the center of mass, activating it will change the direction that the object is facing. You might compare this to a tugboat maneuvering a large cargo shop into a dock. The tugboat will push on say the back left of the shop turning the front left. Now if you replaced the tugboat with an aircraft carrier, the cargo ship is going to move faster when it hits. So yes more powerful manuvering thrusters will speed up your turning and execution speed.
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Considering various backgrounds and experience differentiation, how would an Equal Wages - Gender Wage Gap law work?
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The wages of every employee is publicly posted in the workplace. Everyone knows what everyone else makes. The rest will sort itself out.
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Why and when exactly was the death penalty reinstated in the US after being abolished in 1972? Is it really because "murder rates soared" following its abolition, as some claim?
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The death penalty wasn't abolished in 1972. Instead, the Supreme Court ruled that certain *specific inconsistent applications* of the death penalty violated the "cruel and unusual punishment" portion of the constitution. So the states voluntarily suspended the death penalty while they worked to bring their policy in line with the requirements set forth in the justices\' opinions.
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What happens if I use a top loader washing detergent in a front loader machine?
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I did this by accident once a year or two ago and a giant meteor crashed into RussiaPlease do not try this, it could have devastating effects on us alldetergent is detergent, it's like saying "i drink water in a bowl intead of a glass !"Use a little less and do an extra rinse if needed.
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How do scientists know there are x unknown animal species if they weren't discovered yet?
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If I recall from ecology, basically what happens is that you can chart how many new species have been found each year , and the resulting graph shows a gentle curve and leveling off over time - indicating a point in the future where it's flat . So, the space between where we are and where that graph ends up going flat is a rough estimate of how many species we probably have left to find.
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How do we remember tastes?
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Our sense of taste is closely related with the sense of smell, so much in fact, that if you have stuffed nose, things will start tasting bland. Haven't heard about link with memory. Do you mean this [article]? If so, it explains that we have preference for things from our childhood because they didn't kill us. There is no need of risking new stuff, if old stuff managed to get us that far.Memories are just info stored in your brain. When you "see" an image in your head, your brain is really just tricking you into quasi seeing the information that you're recalling. So remembering a picture is really not any different that remembering a smell/taste. Just like storing a picture vs an Mp3 on a hard drive; they might be different files, but they're stored as data.
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How come on the show "Drugs Inc." they can interview a drug dealer without him getting arrested (when he clearly admits to his crimes)
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Saying you've committed a crime at some point isn't enough evidence to convict you of a crime. He could just say in court that he was saying it for entertainment, or fun, or was joking, or any of a million things.A confession is evidence, but not proof a crime was committed. A sworn statement to the police is very strong evidence, telling your friends is weaker, and bragging to a stranger to get on TV is about as weak as a confession can get. And you can only be charged for *specific* crimes you sold drugs to this person on this date at this location. Merely saying "I sell drugs" is not specific enough to be charged with anything.
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How did they send people into space in the early days of space exploration without computers and GPS technology?
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Well, there were computers, though they were far more primitive. Often, this meant trajectories had to be calculated by hand. Navigation was another matter. Though GPS didn't exist, ground stations could locate space probes based on radio signals, similar to Gps. Otherwise astronauts had to use a sextant to navigate by the stars.They did the math on paper and then used the results to program primitive computers. There were a lot of incredibly smart people involved in the space program and they did things the hard way. Do the math, design the computer, program it, watch it explode, do the math again. [Here is a picture of Margaret Hamilton standing next to listings of the actual Apollo Guidance Computer source code.]', "It's all just math. It's difficult math, but you don't need computers. They used pencils, slide rules and their brains.
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How people make a living off investing
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1. They don't make steady income off investments it's an irregular earning pattern. They may have a great day and make thousands or they may have a bad day and lose thousands. 2. Options are contracts to buy or sell stock at a certain price on a certain day in the future. They go up and down in value depending on the value of the underlying stock and likelihood of the option being "in the money", ie. paying out on the expiration day. They can swing much more volatility than the underlying stock, and as a result can pay off big. But they can also move the other way and because of the limited time horizon can also very quickly lose everything invested. 3. No, it's not possible to start with $1000. Even $100,000 is virtually impossible to invest as a primary means of income. Making a living off investing is a classic "takes money to make money" endeavor.It's boring, but the only really reliable way to make money investing is to invest a bunch of money and then just wait for 10-20 years. Don't mess with it. Messing with it doesn't help. Believe it or not, Fidelity did a study on this, and they found that their best investors were [dead people]. Because they didn't mess with it.
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Why does counting sheep help you go to sleep?
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It is more a cliche about counting sheep being boring and tiring than actually being an effective sleep aid.
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If diet coke has 0 calories and 0 sugar, why is it still unhealthy?
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Because the citric acid in soft drinks deteriorates your teeth, and messes up your bodies natural acidity. As well as the sugar replacement Aspertame, which tricks not only your taste buds but your body into thinking it's real sugar, causing unnecessary insulin to be produced. Research is still inconclusive on how bad Aspertame really is though.Because it has no nutrients.
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Are there cultures where marriage doesn't exist?
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I'm hoping somebody will name one for you but my money is on "no" — see e.g. _URL_1_ — mainly because marriage can appear in [so many different forms].
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Why aren't there hedge funds for middle class / poor people?
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Hedge funds can only accept a certain number of customers by law, so they will generally only take wealthy people. A lot of them have minimum buy insBecause clients require time and effort. Each client requires a certain amount of personal attention - at the least, a phone call once in a while. An investor with $10 million might need as much as 20 hours a year. 100,000 tiny clients might only need an hour a year - which is 100,000 hours. Say it's only 15 minutes, or one phone call a year: that's still 25,000 hours or 32 full time people just to say "hi" to your clients once a year. And in reality, it's much more than that: small investors tend to be extremely nervous. Markets go down and you will be flooded with worried investors. Most big investors don't worry about market fluctuations and don't need much hand-holding. By the way, to invest $10 million in a hedge fund, you 'd need to have investable assets in the $100 million range. It's extremely high risk and something that you only put a small part of your assets in.High yield investment instruments are also high *risk* investment instruments. In the US and many other countries, it is not legal for poor or most middle class people to make these high risk investments; the theory is that the hedge fund cannot guarantee it won't make a bad decision and wipe out their savings.
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. In the big picture what will raising the age to buy a gun from 18 to 21 really accomplish?
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To be perfectly honest, young people are dumb, impulsive & have a poor understanding of the consequences of their actions. The general principle behind gun control is to make it harder for impulsive people to get their hands on guns - if something is illegal to purchase and now costs 3x what it did when it was legal, you're less likely to buy it for stupid shit.Basically it adds 3 years to the age at which a person can legally obtain a gun. Nothing more really. Would be interesting to see how many crimes are committed with legally obtained guns though
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Why do Kenyans consistently outperform other nationalities in long distance running?
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One thing to keep in mind is that the Kenyans who are winning are doing just a few minutes better than the top runners from other countries - it's not as though Kenyans are significantly faster. But there are a lot of reasons they're good at marathons . For one, Kenya is a relatively poor country. This means a lot of things: 1) Most of the jobs are subsistence farming, i.e. a very physical activity says 75% of working Kenyans made their living on the land). As such, the average Kenyan is in good physical shape. 2) Because it's a relatively poor country, there isn't a lot of obesity like there is in other countries. The average Kenyan has a lower BMI. 3) There isn't a lot of infrastructure, so they travel by foot. Running is faster than walking, and if you have a long distance to go, running saves time. So the average Kenyan has some experience with running to begin with. 4) Unrelated to their economy, Kenya has a higher altitude than many countries. If you combine all of these things , you end up with a group of folks with a high VO2 max. This means these folks can absorb more oxygen when breathing, which is key to marathoning, or doing any physical activity for an extended period of time. So that explains why they're good long-distance runners. As to why they compete in so many marathons, remember again that Kenya is a relatively poor country with very few non-farming jobs, and very little by way of secondary education. Not too many ways to make a better life for yourself. But if you know that you're a good runner, and other people from your country have gone off and won marathons , it sounds like a good thing to practice towards and be good at.
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How are naked four-legged mountain goats successfully able to traverse mountainous cliffs, while two-legged humans require climbing gear?
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Well, they're not naked and they've got four feet instead of two which is a help, not a hindrance. They also have uniquely designed hooves to help them balance and climb over rough terrain, and they're far more dexterous than we are. They're also acclimated to the habitat.
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Why aren't we able to mark SMS's as unread?
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That would actually be very easy. All you need is a button that does the opposite of the function that marks the message as read. I could try seeing if I can modify an open source messenger to mark the messages as unread. One thing you have to think about though is how the unread property is stored: a developer could either store the read or unread property in each individual message or they could store the number of messages received from a contact since the last time their conversation was open and just tell the user the last messages were unread. In that case, you have to either mark all those messages as unread or completely redesign the messenger.
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ELI5: Why are internet entrepreneurs like Jeff Bezos of Amazon or Evan Spiegel so much richer than major real estate developers?
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One of the key things to remember is to exclude this bias for "internet entrepreneurs" and think of the businesses behind it. Bezos operates a world wide insanely effective and complicated logistics company, perhaps the best in the world! They get tons of stuff from A to B, everywhere in the world, easy, cheaply, and fastly. Thats what Amazon is, its a logistics company. This has incredible value. Many consumers get confused about Amazon, they say "oh i buy stuff there, oh i watch amazon video or have a tablet by them". These companies have existed forever, there have been catalog companies and tech an entertainment companies. Amazon is none of those, its all just to support and use their incredible logistics business. Snapchat is an ad platform. Just like say running an ad on the walking dead or billboard on the side of the road or during hot Beatz 106.3 FM's top 40 morning drive show. It's just a method to advertise products. Advertising is big businesses.There are lots of fabulously wealthy developers, including many billionaires, but you haven't heard about them because real estate is boring and very localized. Often the owners will operate at arm's length; lots of people don't even know who owns their apartment building or their office, much less the skyscrapers you see downtown. Most of the richest developers are in Asian countries or India, so it's even less likely you would have heard of them. Lee Shau Kee is worth way way more than Evan Spiegel, for example.Real Estate is a joke. You either start with cash or you get lucky on your bets to make money. You build a brand and scale it. Technology like Amazon is not a joke. It is a marker creating engine for economic growth with a diverse set of solutions. Think of commercial real estate. It grew like crazy last two decades but it was built on a house of cards called department stores. Amazon is showing how to provide products without brick and mortar. Completely dissimilar markets and not comparable in value.
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How do laser guided missiles work?
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The laser illuminates the target with a frequency of light not typically abundant in ambient light. The missile has sensors to detect this frequency and thus can look for the bright spot, adjusting its fins to aim for it.The missile has a camera in the front and a computer inside. The computers instruction is: Land on the red dot.On the ground or from an airplane, someone makes the red dot with a laser.
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How does lost money affect our economy?
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The power of the dollar will increase, in what is essentially deflation. The quantity of goods and services produced hasn't changed, but the number of dollars circulating to purchase those goods and services has decreased. This means that each dollar will get you a greater quantity of goods and services. While deflation seems good from an individual's standpoint, from the perspective of the overall market it is usually considered bad because it encourages people to hold on to their money rather than spend it. Thus, the government is likely to take corrective action to restore the money supply.
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how does scraping scissors/blade along a ribbon make it curl?
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When you run a blade along a ribbon, you are using force to stretch the polymers beyond their elastic limit causing permanent deformation. This causes one side of the ribbon to be longer than the other. The shorter side appears to be "contracted" while the longer side appears to be "expanded" this causes a spiral, which is the curl.
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What does it mean when someone "jailbreaks" a phone?
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Jailbreaking is just gaining "root" access to the phone, giving you control over ALL files. Once you have that, you can do a bunch of things. You can remove programs like the Blockbuster app, or you can go further by replacing the entire interface with another one, like CyanogenMod or whatever you happen to like. It is not illegal . Your phone provider won't touch your phone if it's jailbroken, because they have no idea what you 've done to screw up your phone. But you can flash your phone back to its original state if you ever need to have it serviced, and they are unlikely to know . Jailbreaking is popular, because people like to have control over their stuff and not be forced to take up limited storage for apps like Blockbuster, or they want Ice Cream Sandwich for their phone and their provider isn't going to give it to them, or they want to be able to provide a wireless hotspot without paying an outrageous $30/month, or whateverApple iOS = jailbreakGoogle Android = rooting Depending on which OS you are asking about the answer is different.
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how is music and movies digitally remastered?
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Older movies were almost all on 35mm. 35mm when scanned has a max resolution around that of 4K. Plus, they also use Photoshop like programs to correct scratches and other imperfections, as well as the color, they might remaster the audio as well. [Here is how they did it with Jaws.]The original film master may be re-scanned using a higher quality scanner than was available previously. The audio may be encoded in a higher quality format than was available previously.
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How long after birth do eyeballs grow, if at all?
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> The vertical measure, generally less than the horizontal distance, is about 24 mm among adults, at birth about 16–17 millimeters . The eyeball grows rapidly, increasing to 22.5–23 mm by three years of age. By age 13, the eye attains its full size. The typical adult eye has an anterior to posterior diameter of 24 millimeters, a volume of six cubic centimeters ,[3] and a mass of 7.5 grams . Quoted off of Wikipedia: _URL_0_ tl;dr: Our eyes are generally 16-17 mm at birth, rapidly grow to about 22.5-23mm by age 3, and finish growing at about 24mm at age 13.I'm not sure if it's true or not but I was told growing up that babies eyes seem so large because they never grow. I've never really cared enough to learn otherwise.
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Why did silent films exist? Don't microphones pre-date the video camera?
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Films were recorded on - you guessed it - *film*, which predates modern microphones. While the technology to record and replay sounds did predate film, you weren't able to record them from multiple sources and on editable media. The most you could do was record music and play it on a record player along with the film.
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How do painkillers know which part of my body is in pain?
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They don't - they inhibit pain receptors everywhere. You only feel the pain relief in places where the pain receptors were firing, i.e. places that had pain.
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