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Why is it that a temperature like 80°F seems really hot at the beginning of the Summer, but cool by the end?
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*"Homeostasis : The ability of the body or a cell to seek and maintain a condition of equilibrium or stability within its internal environment when dealing with external changes"* In the summer your body gets used to temperatures 90F+; The way it gets used to these temperatures is that your body tries to keep its core temperature as low as possible by releasing its internal heat - sweating more constantly, making you thirsty to drink more water, etc. In the winter the reverse is true; your body tries to keep all of its internal heat in as much as possible. So 80F in the summer is cold because your body is releasing its internal heat making it cooler in an already cool environment . 80F in the winter will feel hot because your body is retaining all of its internal heat, therefore making you feel hotter.
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If I wake-up, have breakfast, and try to go back to sleep, my body resists by giving me fatigue, slight pain and an increased heart rate. Why does this happen?
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Increased heart rate, sudden burst of energy and wakefullness is normal. You just ate and you are starting the digestion process so your stomach needs more blood for the cells to produces acids and do their stuff. Now fatigue and slight pain? I'm no expert but I don't think it's usual Discomfort maybe? If you lay down over a full stomach it can provoke some discomfort due to the pressure on it. I don't see other reason.It's your \'cortisol awakening response\' which, according to Wikipedia, "is an increase of about 50% in cortisol levels occurring 20–30 minutes after awakening in the morning in some people. This rise is superimposed upon the late-night rise in cortisol which occurs before awakening." I know that's not really explaining it like you're 5, but it is an explanation! Not sure why you 'd be in pain though - cortisol tends to fight pain. Sounds like something you ought to discuss with a doctor.psychological punishment because you think what you're doing is wrong?", 'This is really a question for a doctor. No one has mentioned yet that tea has caffeine. Caffeine will absolutely raise your heart rate *In general*, once you are up for the day, your body sends around things like hormones to keep you up and awake for the rest of the day. Going back to bed after eating breakfast means you are literally working against your body. If you become so tired after eating that you need to go to bed and then experience pain, you really should talk to a medical professional.
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Why don't fish freeze when the water above does?
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The ice above forms an insulative barrier to keep in the heat from the Earth below and in a bizarre twist the water below the ice is actually slightly above freezing. Some fish, being cold blooded creatures adapt to this situation.Antarctic icefish are a family of fish that are unique because they have no hemoglobin. These fish have glycopeptide and peptide antifreeze compounds which lower the freezing point of their body fluids below the freezing point of seawater. These compounds are made in the liver, secreted into the blood, and distributed to body fluids where they prevent freezing by inhibiting the growth of ice crystals. These fish actually have ice present on their external tissues while their internal tissues are ice free. The presence of ice on the spleen suggests that spleen removes ice crystals from the fishes' circulation. There are other fish that have these antifreeze compounds, not just the Antarctic icefish. p.s.The Antarctic icefish looks really cute in my opinion. It reminds me of totodile.
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Why you need to put cold water/anything cold on a burn.
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Your body is a piece of meat that is being cooked and you need to stop it from cooking.Well for one it absorbs the heat from the burn, and then numbs it so it doesn't hurt as much.Just so you know, you shouldn't put "cold" anything on a burn. It should be "cool." Cold shocks the skin and makes it worse.I remember being shown a video when I was a kid about hardboiled eggs. The got 3 eggs up to boiling and then took them out. The first, they immediately dropped into ice water. Five minutes later they dropped the second into the cold water. They dunked the 3rd after 10 minutes. They cracked the eggs, and even out of the water they kept cooking. The shell held the heat in. Your skin is kind of like the shell. If you're exposed to high temperatures, you need to stop the burning asap. It will take your body to get rid of the excess heat without something cool to help it.
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How do snipers account for wind and gravity on long-range shots?
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Lots and lots of practise in differing conditions. Long shots require elevation to compensate for the drop due to gravity, also you need fire at where they will be and not where they are nowComputers. Specifically Ballistic Trajectory Computers. [Chris Kyle talks about the shot on an interview with Conan], and how much of that shot was a matter of targeting computers to handle things like gravity and wind effect. Still a great shot, but not a shot that would be possible without modern technology.
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Why Do Some Sites Require Credit Card CCV Numbers, and Others (like Amazon) Do Not?
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The CVV2 number isn't *required* to charge the card, but it reduces the risk of fraud. If the transaction is fraudulent, the merchant might end up having to pay fees or fines to their payment processor, so merchants have an incentive to check CVV2s. But if they don't want to and are willing to risk more chargebacks, they can decide not to require it .
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How does a torrent ever get seeders if it can't be downloaded when it has 0 seeders?
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The person that starts the torrent is the first seederYou can still finish a Torrent with zero seeders. So long as all the leechers have all the separate pieces of the file, they can Voltron it up and complete the torrentThe first person that uploads the torrent is the first seeder. However, if that person is logged off, and no one has fully downloaded the file, there will be 0 seeders. If there are multiple leechers though, all who have downloaded pieces of the file, it is still possible to get the entire file, thereby creating a new seeder. Torrents work by breaking up the large file into a bunch of tiny packets. Each packet is downloaded on its own, and it is "Put together" again by the torrent program when they are completed. Its like downloading a bunch of pieces of a puzzle. Every program knows what piece goes where, and the ones you download from seeds and from other leeches get put in their respective places. If there are many leeches, lets say 100, They each have pieces of the puzzle, but not the complete puzzle. It is possible for a full puzzle to be completed from all of the pieces available from all of the different leeches. Once a puzzle is 100% complete, then that person becomes a seedSomeone who was seeding it comes back online and opens their torrent program.
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If 12 years of war has cost us 6 trillion dollars, what have we GAINED financially? Is there a net gain or loss?
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I am unable to provide a solid explanation on the 12 year war that you are referring to but, maybe I can provide a typical ELI5 explanation on war and whats the main benefit of it. War is considered as a financial injection to a country that is one of the leading ones on the world. Why? Because every contry that achieved economical greateness inevitably faces overproduction. That basically means that the ammount of things a country produces exceeds the needs of its people. Once that happens, the overproduction should seize because keeping it going will result in loss of money. Limiting the production, means less employment, less investments and generaly leads to economic losses. War is one of the best solutions to that problem. War stimulates the need of various goods so basically you are getting rid of the overproduction. Now this is a very simplictic explanation in layman's language. If you research on the matter, things are far more complex. Overall, once a country gets to an economic standstill due to overproduction, war is one of the best alternatives as it plays the role of a stimulant.
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Why is the Panama Paper's leak not being extensively covered by American news media outlets?
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Because it's difficult to understand and boring. Now how about that Trump!? It's like he's sayin' whut we all thinking!", 'Americans generally dont care. Well the people who watch mainstream media dont really care, so why should they spend time reporting on it. Also, the people who run the mainstream media likely dont want to bring further attention to it.Because relatively few Americans were involved. The BBC is obviously interested because their Prime Minister is involved, along with many other European politicians. But Americans have no particular reason to care about the tax dodges of David Cameron's father or some random member of the EU parliament in Brussels.
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How can I set up a corporation to purchase my (and everyone else’s) student loan debt and then dissolve the corporation via bankruptcy?
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Nice try, but that won't work. To buy up the debt, your corporation's going to need money. It doesn't have any, so it'll have to either take out a loan from a bank, or sell shares in the corporation to raise some. The bank and the investors are going to ask, "what's your business plan to pay us back?" When you as the CEO say you don't have one because you're planning on declaring bankruptcy and sticking them with the debt, they'll kick you out of their office.Short answer is it doesn't work that way. Longer answer is the issuer would have to sell you the debt which they typically won't do unless it's in collections
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Why Australia is protesting right now and what are they protesting over?
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There are a number of issues that people were protesting, but overall it was to show that they feel that the current government is malicious and incompetent due to their policies, comments, and broken promises. This is to do with things like education funding, worker's rights, public assets, social security, and the environment. It's not like what is happening to Turkey and Venezuela, no riots or clashes, just people showing that they are frustrated and scared with what the government intends to do.There are a plethora of reasons that people are protesting at the moment. The current Australian government is not behaving in the interests of the Australian people. They are cutting funding to our education, scientific research, humanitarian aid, renewable energy, health, communication and many other things. For people who care about these sorts of things, the current government is a force of destruction.I think some Redditors are making this seem a lot bigger then it is. Australia has two major political parties; Labor and the Liberals* . Labor was in power for 3 terms until last year when the Liberals came into power. As you might imagine a large percentage of Australian redditors are supporters of the Labor party. This combined with the fact that the current leader of Australia has a fairly low approval rating makes some people a bit angry with the current government. There's a march organised for March which is getting a bit of attention on Reddit but ~~not a whole lot in the mainstream media~~ . In truth there's not a whole lot of protesting. Australians tend to organise protests on a fairly regular basis against the current government. It's a pretty common occurrence and these protests are generally peaceful. I'm happy to explain anything in more detail but as I'm a bit more right wing then some redditors my explanations are probably going to be somewhat different to the other answers. * Technically the Liberals are actually part of the Coalition which includes the Nationals however the Liberals are the bigger/important party.
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How can the US be trillions in debt but still able to spend over 600 billion in its army?
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Most US debt is owed back to whoever owns it on a set basis. The debt owners will be repaid according to a set schedule. There’s no super bank ready to foreclose on the US government or that controls all US debt. What this means is that the US has to set aside enough each year to pay its debt obligations for that year. This amount is less than what the US government brings in taxes each year, so the difference between the tax income and the amount used to service the debt is what pays for everything else It’s just like how you can be in hundreds of thousands of dollars of debt and still spend thousands of dollars on groceries every year. Our debt might look big, and certainly is greater than we should probably have, but it’s still only about as much money as the US makes in a single year as its GDP.The US government is in debt because it's borrowed money. As long as it reliably pays back this money, with interest, people will continue lending them more money. Since the government is not a person with a limited lifespan, you don't need to assume their income will cap out or that they will retire some day. As long as you assume the US economy will keep growing & tax revenues will go up, people will keep lending the US government money because it's a safe investment.
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Why are you required to take the full course of antibiotics even if you start to feel better?
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to ensure that the bacteria are all dead. if you take antibiotics, and stop once you feel better, that doesn't ensure they are all dead. those that survive, could develop resistances to the drugs.
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'Modern humans' have existed for 130 to 300 thousand years. Why then do nearly all modern cultures seem to stem back no more than 6,000 years in origin?
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Because we spent a very long time pissing about in small little family units getting eaten by wolves and fornicating like primitive pre-civilization primates do. Civilization, or something that we could reasonably call the start of it, occurred around 12,000 years ago when humans finally stopped roaming in an area of the Fertile Crescent and started building stuff. This marked the break point where humans started living in larger and larger communities in a single geographic area. Slowly that led to the development of farming as a primary means of food production and the increase in food availability allowed division of labor which fast forward 12,000 years is why we both have computers and can sit here and talk on the internet.The 300 thousand year old Modern Humans are genetically similar, but were still Hunter-Gatherer tribes. Generally speaking, every person was able to collect enough food for them and their offspring to survive. It was a full time job surviving, so there wasn't much extra that came out of it. Around 10,000 BC, we invented a nice thing called agriculture. By tending our own crops on our own terms, we were able to make it so a single person could produce the food requirements of many people. This is a pretty defining point, because it allowed for people to start doing other things than just surviving. Culture really starts from a little after this point.
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Why are most of the world's deserts covered in sand and not just dry soil?
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Soil is largely made of sand , organic matter, water, and gas. When you don't have precipitation, you lose out on organic matter and water, so you're left with minerals and rocks that form sand.Most of the world's deserts are actually covered in **snow or ice** . When deserts form, it is because of a lack of moisture. Over time, green grass and healthy topsoil erodes, which leads to a gradual drying out. This then leads to muddiness, then dryness, then cracking, then turning to sand. Sand is really just wind-eroded soil in hot climates.Most deserts are not covered in sand and do have dry soil. But if your'e thinking of the specific deserts that have the vast sand dunes and nothing else, it is because the soil turned to sand. Soil is the minerals and organic components that live in the upper layers, along with water and pockets of air. Take away all the water, and the living things end up dying. Then, the winds will erode the top layers and all the dead living things that have become dust blow away. And you're just left with the sand blowing about. If you rewind the clock to before life left the oceans, there was no soil. Just mud, sand, and rock . And ice and snow, of course. But imagine a large river, coming down the mountains and spreading to a broad alluvial plain and not a single green thing to be seen. Just rock, gravel, and sand. That was the earth before life moved out of the seas.
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How are we making higher capacity HDDs year over year while keeping them the same size (or even making them smaller)?
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Don't think of it like storing water in a bucket - water is a physical thing that has a more or less fixed size. We aren't storing a physical thing, we're storing data. Data is abstract and in theory doesn't have any density or size in physical dimensions. Because of this data doesn't have to be stored in a fixed-sized container. It's like writing. When I write out 'Hello, Dave' I'm not storing a physical entity on the paper, I'm storing the thought. Since it's just symbols I don't actually lose anything by writing it as this size^or^this^sizeAs long as it can be read by my reader - so in this case I can see it myself - it's the same amount of data stored in different amounts of space. HDD technology is allowing for smaller 'fonts' that can still be read by the HDD.HDDs use platters covered in magnetic flakes that can be flipped over and read. The limitation for density in these systems are 1) How big are the platters? 2) How many can you fit without making the result too fragile. 3) How many flakes can you pack into a platter without compromising read and write reliability. #1 and #2 are why desktop hard drives store more than laptop, bigger drives carry more platters which are individually larger. #3 has been the driving force behind increased storage.
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What's the best way to wash blueberries?
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Stick 'em in the sieve, rinse 'em, an you're done.Uhm, yeah. Just rinse them in water real quick. No need to get fancy unless you previously coated them with mercury or somethingJust rinse the fruits little zzxzzeyz. There is no need for soap, in fact that may just give you the green apple splatter.Someone has misinformed you about food. It's okay to eat stuff without such extreme washing.
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Why do our mouths salivate right before throwing up?
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Since stomach contents are highly acidic, vomiting can be quite harmful for the throat, mouth and teeth and salivating helps to reduce this by diluting and rinsing. Saliva is also weakly alkaline, which helps to neutralize acidYour body is smart. Vomit is really acidic and can burn your esophagus. The salivation lines your esophagus and mouth to prevent burningPhysiologist here: Vomiting is a complex physiological response that requires the coordination of the motor, sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems in order to safely clear the upper GI tract of its contents without causing injury or death to the person some of the highly acidic stomach contents). Saliva does have some capacity to buffer against large pH changes. The buffering capacity of saliva, however, is fairly low - especially against the relatively large volume of low pH stomach contents. Salivation prior to vomiting is a protective mechanism designed to do two things: 1) coat the surfaces of the esophagus/throat/mouth to help protect against the low pH of stomach contents; and 2) lubricate the upper GI tract to make it easier to expel stomach contents.
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Why are girls in middle school and high school almost always generally more mature than guys in high school and middle school?
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They really are not. Girls tend to be socialized more so they may present the appearance of maturity more often, but they are in no way any more mature on average that boys their age are.It appears that girls' brains are typically going through an organizational stage at 10 to 12 that boys' brains don't typically reach until 15 to 20. [See here.]
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What biologically is happening inside trees that causes them to bloom after a week of warm weather?
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you quite answered by yourself: Normally we have modeled the phenomenon with the [Degree day] which is somewhat the energy taken in a certain period of time. Of course the answer is much more complex of this *because* in reality there are many ways plants adopted to control the blooming, depending on where the habitat of the plant is. second question: yes. A frost can kill the buds and this agronomically speaking could be very dangerous. a lesser known fact is that in temperate zones, plant have *usually* evolved a mechanism by which they don't bloom or sprout if they do not get [enough "cold. This is a defence mechanism exactly against early warm days.
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why does urinating on a lemon tree help it grow?
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Hold up ..WHA?????? lol Ok I know nothing of this legend BUT i do know that urine will break down into Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with many trace minerals. so in that respect it is actually one hell of a good fertilizer for any plant. If the salts were an issue there would be many a dead tree in dog parks . Give you an example. I have some huge rose bushes and people are always commenting on the size of the blooms and the strength of the rose smell. they always ask what I do and I say nothing special. but in reality I make sure I take at least one wizz a night in my garden lol. in this way they are getting raw pure nitrogen no different then the chemicals in miracle grow, and has the benefit of being natural which doesnt kill the soil microbes like chemical fertilizers do. It's safe, it's free, and it's potential can match any commercial chemical fertilizers. _URL_0_
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Is it truly possible to make a computer program that deletes its entire self and any evidence it was there in the first place?
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Remember that the executing program is in memory, so it can delete any copy off the disk or whatever it loaded from, then reboot the system, which clears the memorySure, if the evidence it was there is all stored on the computer.Yes! In fact, it shouldn't be too hard. Since you know coding, I can talk a little more like 15 I guess. You'll probably need a 1st level programming language. Basically delete everything, and then write random stuff on top a few times. Note that this only works with hard drives. This method takes advantage of how the hard drive works, magnets! If you write over it a few times, the poles change a few times, it'd be very hard to actually find out what the bit used to be. So that's how you do it ", 'Yeah. Windows XP SP1 used to do this all the time.
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Why don't US citizens get to vote about entering Syria?
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Because the United States federal government is a Republic, not a Democracy. In particular, it is not a direct democracy where citizens vote on everythingTechnically we "did" vote on it. We chose to elect Obama, the 100 Senators and the 435 Members of the House. By electing them to their positions we placed vested in them the power to operate the government in our interests. At present some of our elected leaders believe that entering Syria is in the interest of the US. So we did vote for them, that's why its important to vote and consider who you are voting for.
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Why does the post office have a key to the apt. building but UPS/FedEx don't?
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depends on the building I would imagine as my Fedex and UPS guys have access to the buildings also.
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How do rappers like Wiz Khalifa who do drugs on occasion, even tweet and post pictures of their drugs manage to not get arrested?
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A picture doesn't actually tell you that they're doing drugs - not even a video is actual proof. All they would need to do is say, "I have an image and I was just acting. That wasn't really cocaine/meth/weed." If it's a white powder it could sugar, flour, or chalk dust. Tweets are the same way. Just because you say you're doing something doesn't mean you ARE doing something. Basically, it 'd be impossible to prove, without a doubt that they are, in fact, engaging in illegal drug use.
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Why haven't Native Americans moved away from reservations and into cities where they might be better off?
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Basically since the 1850s we have pushed them further and further until in the 1890s when the Dawes Severalty Act was passed, the government paid them for land and separated tribes and what not. Well years pass, and they gradually get less land, and finally permanent reservations are established, but by this time; native Americans haven't kept up with modern jobs. Most are vulnerable to poverty and many don't graduate high school so drug addicted teens typically won't make it past 30, and will stay on sight becuase there is literally no where to go.
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Why all the planets are turning in the same direction
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They dont . Venus, Uranus rotate clockwise, the rest rotate counter-clockwise. When the solar system was first forming, it was nothing but a giant cloud of dust, and because of gravity and the Sun, it had a counter-clockwise spin to it, and as the planets began to form, they kept this rotation, which is why they all revolve around the sun in the same direction. Venus and Uranus are theorized to have clockwise rotations because they were probably impacted by large planetoids early in their development, which shifted their rotational axis, and in the case of Uranus, completely shifted the axis to horizontal.
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Why is touching a computer screen such a big deal?
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oil on fingers and all your finger shit gets on my pretty screen and I have to wipe it off. My pretty screen takes a lot of maintanence and careful wiping to keep it smudge free. Then you come in with your cheeto fingers and now there are orange smudges where my spreadsheet folder is. nerdhulk is angry but to beta to do anything about it, so nerdhulk complains on reddit. TL;DR people who care about their equipment notice things like smudges and oil stains on a monitor, especially if you spend all damn day looking at it. therefore, touching a computer screen that isn't yours is kind of a shit thing to do. As far as ones that are yours, well if you want a crappy smudgy computer screen, go for it. But there is no advantage to be gained from touching the screen in order to show where to click/go. Also if you poke it too hard you might break the screen.
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Why do we expect cats to come home after being let out but not dogs?
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* cats don't have the same sense of territory that makes dogs roam and mark* cats don't pose a serious danger to people, so letting them out doesn't threaten anyone* cats can climb, jump over, or crawl through obstacles dogs can't
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The difference between HIV and AIDS
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HIV is a virus, AIDS is a condition. HIV the virus destroy a certain kind of immune cells that helps make antibodies, molecules that identify and tag diseases so other cells can destroy them. So when cells die you can't make antibodies. When enough of these cells die , you are said to have AIDS. TLDR; HIV is a virus, AIDS is a condition caused by it
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Why aren't human races classified as species like animals are?
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There is greater genetic difference between two individuals than there are between the "races", the concept of race is fundamentally superficial genetically speaking, in fact humans are one of the most homogeneous species known to exist For two animals to be considered different species, they must not be able to produce successful offspring - this is clearly not the case with different races of humanThe difference between human races are like the difference between one zebras stripes and another zebras stripes.Much the same reason that Labrador, Pug and Irish Setter are not species. There are genetic differences between them that are in fact much smaller than you would imagine judging from their appearance. At the end of the day they're just all dogs.Animals of the same species are not classified as different species unless a mistake has been made. Why would we then purposely classify the species Homo sapiens as different species?', "One of the criteria for having a separate species of the same animal is the relative 'genetic distance' between two individuals of a species. Namely, this term means how different two different members of the same species compare in the structure of both of their genes. For example, let's have humans A and B. A is a human that lives and whose ancestors lived in Brazil, B is a human who lives and has lived in Kazakhstan. While their skin pigment, retinal pigment, and hair pigment may be different in terms of color and structure, you can find all of the data that codes for their respective traits on the same place in their genome. Thus, their genetic distance is close enough for them to be classified as the same species.
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Why is Contemporary art held in museums but all other art is held and shown in galleries?
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I think your straw poll may have misled you the artists you describe generally have their art in museums, not galleries. For example, Da Vinci art in museums . Contemporary art can be in both galleries and museums. I believe it has to do with the intent of the art. Museums are for viewing. Art Galleries are for purchasing.
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What would happen if everyone maxed out all of their credit cards at once?
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I like this question, generally banks or lending institutions extend lines of credit, but use statistical algorithms to decide how much money to keep available, so it's possible Visa might run out of money, since this is an essentially impossible occurrence, for which they are not prepared.
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How do leggings keep somebody warm in the fall and winter months?
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Short answer: Fashion is about making sacrifices, and its no wonder women always complain about being cold. Long answer: Its a factor of a number of things. Women shave their legs, and hair is specifically designed to keep people warm. Leggings do a number of things. first, they act as insulation, by helping to trap heat in the body. They also have their own heat capacity, so that your body isn't affected by every little draft and breeze . But for all of the above, it only works to a point. Try googling techniques on improving insolation if you're curious; there's some really cool stuff out there to learn. Girls are willing to freeze their butts off to look good when its cold enough. Also, if they're inside most of the time, its not as bad. Its only a problem if they're outside for longer periods of time, and not just walking from the car to the store. It all comes down to insulation and thermal storage.
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Why is it that anytime I'm interested/thinking about a certain thing, I find references to them in real life?
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Basically you weren't looking for it before, but now that its in your subconscious, you notice and process it, giving the illusion of frequency. This is called the [Baader-Meinhof Phenomenon].
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How do spicy foods like wasabi kill bacteria?
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The active ingredient is [Allyl isothiocyanate] which is mainly to deter animals - caterpillars etc. and larger animals like grazers - from eating the plant. It harms bacteria too by damaging their cell membranes, which are the outer containers holding all the machinery inside their cells. When this membrane is damaged, they start leaking, stop working properly and die. The exact way it damages them isn't fully understood yet.
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What is my belly button currently attached to, and does it serve a purpose anymore?
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Your belly button is where your umbilical arteries/vein connected to the placenta via the umbilical cord. After birth they shrivel up and become ligaments , the arteries becoming the [medial umbilical ligament] and vein becoming the [round ligament of the liver]. They don't do anything post-birth.
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How do unripe bananas develop at home?
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They're fully grown before they start to ripen. The ripening process is caused by the plant growth regulator 'ethylene', and begins to turn starch in the banana into sugar. Bananas are not the only fruit to work this way . It's a common survival strategy because it lets you make sure your seeds and fruit are fully mature before anything tries to eat it .
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why dont ants drown when it rains?
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My understanding: First, in a rainstorm, lots of ants drown. Even being well prepared for an event like a flood doesn't mean everyone survives, and not every plan is executed perfectly. The best laid plans of ants and men, etc . . . Second, different species take different approaches. Some fire ants just link legs/arms, turn into living rafts, and float to somewhere new, where they can build a new nest. Same thing with some Amazonian ants when they need to cross rivers. Some construct the opening of their nests to resist penetration by water. From what I 've seen briefly researching, the most common strategy is just building in the right place. Ants build their nests in soil that dries quickly and water doesn't necessarily penetrate that far, so they can just go deeper and wait out the wetness. Think of this last bit like adding water to flour when you're making bread. Even if the water "floods" the top layer of flour, unless you mix it, the bottom layer will stay quite dry. If the ants nest extends below that wet/dry barrier, than it will stay dry. So, to sum up, Some ants just go with the flow. Some reinforce against water, and many build in places where flooding is likely to do only manageable damage. And, when these strategies don't work, they die.
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When a player gets injured in the NBA, what happens to his salary? Does he still get paid out the full amount?
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> I don't really think it's fair to pay Since when did your concept of fairness enter into the equation?
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How come anti-trust/monopoly laws are no longer pursued in the United States?
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They are actually enforced more than they *ever* have been. Its just a much more complex and "known" situation now, that its very very uninteresting to report on for the media, so unless you're very inovolved in how this stuff works in specific industries of business, you'll probably never hear about all of the stuff going on. Pretty much everyone in business, economics, and the govt agencies simply know how all of this stuff can work, and will work, and there isn't too many unknowns out there any more, which makes it so that all of these mergers and stuff, you simply don't do it unless its legitimate, because thats bad business to have stuff denied. The US Federal Trade Commission who is the main US agency who deals with this type of stuff, is also considered to be crazy good at their job, and the world's gold standard-- basically, they know their shit, everyone knows they know their shit, so they make things very reasonable, enforceable, and known. In other words, no one is trying to do weird stuff, because their know the FTC isn't having any of that.They still are Comcast was allowed to buy NBC , but had to sell the Hulu piece off. Couple years later Comcast wasn't allowed to buy Time Warner . Also Sysco foods was blocked from buying US foods Those two come to recent mind
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If it's illegal to not have auto-insurance, why doesn't the government control and regulate auto-insurance as a Tax, rather than letting private companies sell you a mandatory service?
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The government *does* regulate and control auto insuranceIn Canada, vehicle registration includes the cost of mandatory minimum liability insurance. It works pretty well. Why not in the US? Politics. In the same way that Obamacare forces us to get insurance through private, for-profit companies, the insurance lobby & the anti-government folks have enough power to prevent the government from socializing car insurance.
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Why does adding vanilla to boiling sugar (like when making fudge) cause it to bubble/boil rapidly?
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Sugar-water has a higher boiling point than pure water, and the more sugar is dissolved, the higher that point is. So when you've got boiling syrup, it might be 230 or 240 degrees . When you pour vanilla extract onto something that hot, it's *going* to boil, since it's got an even lower boiling point than water, since it contains a lot of alcohol.Vanilla extract contains about 35% alcohol. As soon as it touches the screaming hot sugar, the alcohol pretty much instantly boils from liquid to gas. The sudden rush of gas moves relatively slowly through the thick sugar, causing a huge burst of bubbles as it escapes.
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Why is dip commonly used in sports?
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nicotine is an upper similar to amphetamines that improve performance, and since tobacco is legal, a lot of people use it. dip just happens to be a more socially acceptable way of getting tobacco
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How does traction control on a car work?
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You can think of traction control as basically ABS in reverse. When you accelerate, the car senses whether the tires are slipping on the pavement. If they are, it will automatically adjust the throttle to help them keep tractionTraction control is basically the opposite of the Anti-blocking system that almost every modern car has. It prevents the wheels of losing grip on the track/road/surface by limiting the power output that goes to the wheels. The means by which this is done is via computer that monitors the rotation of the wheels. Once it detects that one of the driving wheels is spinning faster then the other it immediately limits the power and torque going to this wheel. The mechanics behind the process are a bit difficult to explain as it includes clever differentials, shutting down whole cylinders in the engine, retarding the ignition spark etc etc. Check google for more info on the matter. Hope I helped.
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Why do fan power knobs go 0-3-2-1
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Things like well pumps have electric motors like fans do. They require a capacitor to get the motor going and then the normal current can sustain it. Like how you can't start in 5th gear but you can drive in fifth gear after you get going. Fans have this configuration to extend the life of the fan. They can normally start on one when they are new, but over time the lube wears down and dust gets in there and friction grows and this friction needs to be overcome to get the fan going. When it gets bad 1 won't work if you switch it directly to it. You need to start it on 3 and then it can keep going on 1. Putting 3 first allows for this to be done without most people noticing and allows the fan a longer lifespan before someone decides it's broken.You need to start the fan in high speed, that switch arrangement guarantees that. The low speed setting does not provide enough energy to make the fan go from stop. It will just sit there, potentially burning out. That is, for the sort of induction motor most AC fans use.
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Why do construction workers use big tall tower things to pour concrete? Pic Inside
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That's called a [concrete pump]. It's used when you need to inject pressurized concrete someplace rather than just pouring it. If you're filling an underground hole with concrete to be the base of a pillar, for example, then if you just pour it into the hole it might not fill every nook and cranny. Pumping it in under high pressure ensures that the whole space gets filled.
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Why does it seem like video games from the newest generation seem to have far more bugs and glitches than previous generation games?
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A few factors * New games are way more complex. This means more code, and as the number of bugs per LoC is pretty static you get more bugs.* Today it is pretty trivial to push patches to the users as they have fast internet.* Deadlines have become a bigger factor esp. when it comes to franchise titles.Video games are becoming bigger and better. This means more people are working on them, more elements have to mesh together, and more code is being written. If we assume that there are the same number of bugs per 1000 lines of code as always, then a program with 20 000 lines of code will have twice the number of bugs as a program with 10 000 lines of code. Secondly, more and more people are playing games than before, with more and more diverse hardware. This means that devs simply cannot test every single configuration of processor+GPU+RAM+Mobo that's in existence, which could lead to weird results in some cases. Also as more and more people are playing them, that means more hours of playtime which again, devs can't test for - even working full time for 6 months with a team of 100 testers, you'd still have only 104 000 hours of gametime. For a game like Call of Duty all it takes is everyone that buys it on launch day to play it for probably less than 30 minutes to hit that same amount of play time. As playtime increases, the chance to run into something the dev did not expect and account for increases as well. Lastly, and this one is the weakest explanation, part of it is very likely due to the ease of patching games nowadays. Before everyone had high-speed internet, if you released a buggy game people would be out for blood because there was no way to fix it. Nowadays it's ridiculously easy to push an update through Steam, sometimes even on launch day before your customers have even noticed.
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Why do India and China have such massive populations in comparison to the rest of the world?
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I'm almost certain this has been answered before, but it's largely due to geography. India and China both have exceptionally fertile river valleys capable of supporting large populations with pre-industrial technology. Even before the world population started exploding during the past two centuries, they were the two largest and richest civilizations on Earth - for example, in the early days of India being a part of the British Empire, it's 'GDP' was over half the productivity of the entire British Empire .
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How do people build all those machines that carve different custom details? Do they invent them every time?
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A machine like the one that makes the spring in your example is a collection of different technologies combined into a new system (pneumatic arms, motorized discs, etc. "Carving" would be more along the lines of a CNC mill or lathe, a laser cutter, or water jet machine that has programmable paths.
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"this video is not available on mobile devices/in your country" on YouTube
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One big factor: advertising. Say Burger King has a deal with the owner of the video that they will run an add before it every time it is played. However advertising laws vary from country to country and are very complex. For example, my country does not allow fast food advertising aimed at children. So it's simpler for the provider just to block the video outside of their country and avoid possible legal issues.
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What the whole "Cake is a lie" business was all about.
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During Portal, the psychotic AI promises you cake after the test. However, as you go through the tests and discover the depth of corruption in the facility and GLaDOS herself, you see messages from a man named "Rattman". He leaves messages saying "The cake is a lie." This just sort of caught on with fans of Portal. The reason it's "a scourge" is because it was beaten into the ground. It's much like the "arrow in the knee" thing from a while back. By the way, I *highly* recommend playing PortalThe phrase is from the game series, Portal. A psychopathtic robot promises a test subject cake after she finishes all of her trials, and constantly mocks her about it.
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Can a business refuse to sell stock to a person or company?
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If a company is publicly traded, like on one of the stock exchanges, they can't control who buys stock in them. A closely held company, like a family business, generally can. In between, there is lots of room for lawyers to argue.So long as the reason you are refusing service is not due to the person being of a protected class every business has the right to deny service to any person or other business. * With Religion if the business is religiously based or affiliated they are allowed to require people to be a part of their religion in order to be employed by them or to use their services.
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Why babies are capable of learning a language so easily
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During early development, the brain is much more plastic, meaning making new connections, erasing old ones, and rearranging existing ones is much easier. Also, because babies don't have any language when they are born, it is believed it is much easier for them to identify and remember the vowel sounds used in a language. An adult can't even begin to make sense of a language they don't understand, because they can't hear the difference between the core sounds used in that language.
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Why are we so good at telling apart different people, but so bad at telling apart different animals of the same species? Do humans just have more variance in appearance?
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We're biologically pre-disposed to be able to tell human faces apart . I'm not sure what studies have proved this to be the same in other animals, but they obviously can. Dogs can tell each other apart from their scent . I believe it's because due to natural selection, those who could tell different people apart would have a survival advantage, and at this point it's just so ingrained in us.This actually applies to humans of different race as well. For a white man, asian people will look the same - for an asian man, white people will look the same. It's called the "cross-race effect". You have a higher tendency to recognize people of your own race. This also applies to animals. The cross-race effect won't take place with people/animals you know, only strangers.
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How is the routing number on a check used?
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A check is an instruction by you to your bank: when the person named on the check requests it, pay them the amount indicated on the check, from the bank account of which the number is on the check. This means that at the end of the day, it's always your bank cashing the check. But it's convenient if the person you want to pay can deposit the check at their own bank--and even better if this payment can be processed electronically. This means that the bank accepting the check needs an obvious, consistent way to identify the bank that will pay out. The routing number is the solution. Each bank in the U.S. that participates in the Automated Clearinghouse is assigned a routing number. The bank that accepts the check can send the information to the ACH, which will identify the the bank on which the check is drawn, and ask it to make the payment. When the bank that originally accepted the check receives the payment, it's credited to the payee's account at that bank.The routing number on your check is one of three numbers printed on the check: Routing #:Account#:Check# The routing number tells the receiving bank what bank to get the money from. The account number tells them what customer to take the money from. The check number is there to insure nothing fishy is going on with duplicated checks or whatnotIt is simply a unique number assigned to a bank, so that a machine can instantly sort a group of checks by what bank the accounts come from. Then the checks payable by each bank can be sent to that bank.
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The South Australian Statewide power outage and upstream transmission supply of power
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It means all in-state power plants are offline and the lines that bring power in from out of state are down aswell, they may physically be damaged or they cant handle that amount of power so they shut them off so they dont burn up', "An electrical grid relies on a balance of consumption and production of electricity. It's not like a water distribution network where you can build a big tank or lake and temporarily store water there, while waiting for consumers to need it. Every bit of electricity withdrawn from the grid must be produced at the same time , and every bit of electricity deposited into the grid must be used up by somebody immediately. You can store electricity in batteries, but there is no battery setup that's big and effective enough for the whole electrical grid of a state or nation. So while South Australia largely manages its own electrical grid - they have their own power stations, their own market and pricing, local companies that own the wires, etc. - it's got a few very big-capacity connections to the Australia-wide grid. Because that grid is bigger, it's called an **upstream** grid. Whenever local consumers need more electricity than the local power stations can give them, the difference is received from the Aus-wide grid. Whenever local consumers are not consuming, the local power stations send their power to the Aus-wide grid. In this case the statement means that there is no electricity coming into the South Australia's grid at the points where it is connected to the Aus-wide grid. Either because the connection points are broken, or because the Aus-wide doesn't have any spare electricity to give.
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What is it in most animals that makes them "shut down" with a blindfold on?
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You try walking around with a blindfold on and see how long it takes for you to hurt yourself. Now amplify the fear you should feel by a million because animals don't have hospitals and minor injuries can easily be fatal. Also, there are things that will eat them. There aren't things that would eat humans really. They do it because it is much safer to stop moving when eyesight is your main sensory ability.
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What are the causes of the Great Depression?
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The Great Depression was caused by many factors but one of the largest was a gross misuse of credit. Basically in the 1920s people began buying things on credit This was all well and good but there where no real safety measures in place and people spent much MUCH more then they actually had. The result was an incredibly boosted economy but it just couldn't last. So on Black Tuesday the house of cards collapsed, the Stock Market crashed spectacularly, overnight people lost millions. This caused a panic as people rushed to the bank to withdraw their cash, but since the banks use the money given to them to invest they did not have it on hand and much of it died in the stock market crash as well. The result was that the bank could not provide people with all of their money. A double whammy also occurred in the Midwest where the Dust Bowl hit, a disaster caused from overfarming and drought, the dust bowl would go on to decimate US crops and utterly destroy the lives of many farmers.
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Why don't the radio waves used to transmit information all superpose?
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They do superpose in the most general sense, but a radio receiver has a circuit that filters out everything but the frequency it wants.Like every single device on a different bandwith? That would be impossible, we don't have enough usable bandwith for that. Every type of device on a different frequency? That is already the case. _URL_0_
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Short of shutting down entire city blocks, how do they film street/public setting movie scenes without getting the crowds of gawking people in the shot?
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I know the question states "short of shutting down entire city blocks" but I think the best answer is they shut down entire city blocksIn addition to what a lot of people on here have already said, a lot of it is Green Sceen, they just add the backdrop in afterwards, so they can make it look like somewhere recognisable and famous without having to try and shut down a really busy area.
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Why does my cat sometimes run around the house like a maniac?
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Cats are made for a world that punishes unecessary use of energy. They sleep to save up energy for their hunt, usually hunting is done at night. In a domestic enviroment the cat doesnt "need" to hunt but its energysaving ways are hardwired. All that energy needs to go somewhere and they will handle it by running around like crazy furballs on speed. In some cases it will help to play more with your cat, letting it use its huntingreservesI suspect a cat just sometimes get bored, wants to get some exercise. Sometimes I have had to work double shifts or more; it goes better if I get up every couple hours and just take a walk around the office building. Probably the same for a cat. My cat Ziggy does this once or twice a day.
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Why do we eat different foods depending on the time of the day? i.e. cereal for breakfast, burgers for lunch/dinner
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It's purely cultural. Check out these [articles] on [breakfast around the world] --- people in different places eat lots of different stuff for breakfast. There are some trends --- pretty much everybody wants something easy to prepare , people in cold weather places tend to eat hot, filling things people in hot weather places tend to eat lighter . But nothing hard and fast --- France is temperate weather wise, but people there eat very light breakfasts. Cereal is so popular in the U.S. because a couple of health nut brothers ) started a fad for it in the 19th century, convincing people that it was better for you. People used to eat steak and ham and eggs for breakfast and stuff before that.
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What is a lame-duck Congress (United States)
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In politics, "Lame Duck" is used to describe to period of time between an Election and when the winners of that election assume office. A President who lost or did not campaign for a Second Term in November, for example, is called a "Lame Duck President" until the new President takes office in January. A Lame-Duck Congress, therefore, is Congress between when the General Election takes place and when the New Congress takes office .A lame-duck is a general term for a person that has a job, but knows that he won't have it for much longer. An example would be an incumbent politician that has has lost an election, but still has to serve until his time is up. Another example is a contract worker that won't have his contract renewed, but still has time on his contract. People are critical of lame-ducks because they no longer have the same motivations. No matter what they do, they will still lose their jobs. Lame-ducks tend to be lazy and don't do anything.Lame duck means the time between an election and when officials go into office. Those who are in office who are not elected become "lame ducks." So, for example, Obama will be a lame duck president following the next presidential election, up until he steps down for the incoming president.
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ELIS I know it's a bit late but how exactly did the Lehman Brothers go bankrupt?
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the housing market crashed happened when people agreed to adjustable rate mortgages that they couldn't afford. before these mortgages defaulted, lehman brothers bought these mortgages that were lumped in with other debt and rated higher that they actually were. standards & poor's was basically bribed into doing so and then said "we just rate it, we don't force you to buy it". For more info read the book "the big short" by michael lewis
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Why is fire used to make land fertile? Wouldn't the heat from the flames cause a dust bowl effect?
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Fire is GOOD for nature for many reasons; you may have heard that coniferous trees will only spread their seeds when the heat from a fire melts the resins in the cones and allows them to open up. Fire is also beneficial in that, once the trees are burned, the remaining ashes contain lots of nutrients that will aid in the regrowth of the area. Mountainous areas with lots of trees aren't as prone to the dust bowl effect because the dead trees still prevent the wind from blowing at gale forces. Not to mention that dead trees still have plenty of roots to hold the soil in place.
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Why is blood red but do our veins look blue?
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The fat under your skin absorbs low frequency light. The higher frequency blue wavelengths are what you see while the lower reds are filtered out. Some people try to spread the old wives tale that blood is blue when it's in your veins, but that is not the case.
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Why do people's personalities change when they experience memory loss or brain damage?
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Because your brain has your personality in it. If a bullet goes through your brain and damages it, you'll be missing a significant amount of pathways that were present before.
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Why isn't car bodywork made from stainless steel?
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Because its too expensive. But that didn't stop DMC from building the deLorean. Thank goodness for poor business decisions.Because the cost of making the entire body from stainless steel would drive the price up out of range for most peopleSeveral reasons: 1. Stainless steel is expensive, about 50% more per pound than mild steel, even at scrap prices. It's actually an alloy of steel and several other materials such as chromium, nickel and aluminum. 2. Stainless steel is tough. Way tougher than than the milder steel used in car panels. It's much more difficult to mold, bend, cut and weld. 3. You can't paint it. Stainless steel doesn't hold paint very well. If we used stainless steel for car panels there would only be one color - stainless. was pretty sweet) 4. It's not really "stainless." Although much more resistant than regular steel, stainless steel can and will rust just like the cheaper stuff, left exposed to the the sun and rain and road salt. And since you can't really paint it, there's no good way to protected it from these elements.
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What would happen if all bacteria was removed from my body?
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The vast majority of cells in your body are bacterial cells , so the effects of removing all bacteria would be widespread and effectively leave us unable to survive. Removing bacteria from the gut would prevent absorption of many vital nutrients. This is actually one of the dangers of taking antibiotics too aggressively: they kill all bacteria, good and bad, and can lead to malnutrition and other complications. Bacteria also utterly occupy our skin and actually out-compete many dangerous species of bacteria. Without these benign bacteria growing on your skin, you'd be more prone to infection. This is a major reason why doctors don't recommend constantly using antibacterial creams and the like. [Source]
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How does radiation do damage to your body?
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Low-energy radiation isn't dangerous because it has so little energy. Getting pelted by photons from a lamp is like having sand thrown at you, it simply cannot harm you. If radio waves are comparable to sand then the other end of the spectrum are .50cal rounds. They impart enough energy to physically break down your cells. If you're subjected to that kind of radiation it's strong enough to damage your DNA which can lead to mutations and cancer. Past certain point the radiation doesn't just damage the cells, it just plain kills them by breaking down the structures they are made of. Extreme exposure leads to what you see in the picture.
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how a "stimulus package" helps out the economy.
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What you have described is known as "quantitative easing". A stimulus is when the government takes out a bunch of loans and uses that money to buy things, often paying for infrastructure improvements . You may have noticed a lot of road work on the highway recently This is likely stimulus money at work. **ELI5 Part:**Think about it this way: What happens when you buy something from a friend? You give the friend a twenty dollar bill, and you get your item . Then, he/she goes out and buys two sodas from another friend, and so on and so forth. Now, imagine that instead of a twenty, you use a fifty. Now, you can buy 2.5x more stuff. To fill that want, your friend makes five hotdogs to sell to you instead of two. But, in order to make five hotdogs, he/she has to hire another person to help him/her make more hotdogs. This is a concept known as circular flow, and it is a central tenet of macroeconomics. In reality, it is a bit more complicated than this but this is supposed to be an ELI5, after all. For more on the topic take Macroeconomics 101, or watch these videos on Khanacademy: _URL_2URL_1URL_0_So there's this old British economist names James Maynard Keynes, who was behind what people now call "Keynesian economics." Keynesian economics says that in a depression, the government needs to pump money into the country, and run at a deficit. The reason Obama approved the stimulus package this time was because it worked when we had to use it during the great depression. FDR passed the New Deal, which was a sort of stimulus package, and the influx of money into the economy helped to bring it out of depression.
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What are the students protesting against in Taiwan currently which resorted to them "invading" the cabinet compound of their Government?
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i really dont have a good enough handle to be doing this on ELI5, but here goes: 1) the main issue at hand which most directly sparked the sit-in protest was Service Agreement with China that Gigatergar mentioned.having promised the public last June that it would be reviewed article by article, the KMT ruling party instead rushed the Agreement using multiple covert meeting daily, and actually WHISPERED into a body mic that the Agreement had been passed.the students are mainly demanding that the Service Agreement be rejected and re-reviewed by a different committee, as well as an apology from President Ma. the other 2 more covert issues are 2) the fact that the Service Agreement is feared to mean the demise of small businesses in Taiwan, as well as being the beginning of the end of a autonomous Taiwan, knowing that China is doing this mainly for the purpose of one day unifying Taiwan. most Taiwanese neither believe in unification with China, nor complete Indepedence, but support keeping the Status Quo, and any move leaning towards one or the other would make them nervous. and 3) that President Ma has done a terrible job, with the economy not improving even after a similar controversial agreement with China signed last year, resulting in a popularity poll in the single digits. discontent with the government is at an all-time high. Edit: missing a few words. Probably lots of spelling mistakes, typing from my mobile.
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Does laying in bed resting before you sleep actually do anything to rejuvinate your body for the upcoming day?
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Sleep is mostly important to renew the brain neurotransmitters and do some housekeeping around the brain. When you think about it, sleep is mostly about shutting down your consciousness. We are only starting to understand what really happens in the brain during sleep. Conclusion: laying in bed is rejuvenating your body without doing much for your brain.had insomnia for a few years. the answer is yes, it does. if you're relaxed it's good for your mind too.As someone with chronic back spasms. Yes it does. I often lay on my bed throughout the day without sleeping just to let my muscles rest and let my spasms subside. When your body is relaxed without stress and pains, your brain will have an easier time going to sleep as wellThere was a [**very similar question**] posed in /r/askscience awhile back that I think answers yours.
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Why does our fingernails have faint lines going up and down?
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well first you should know that its normal. Evenly spaced vertical lines are never a sign of a problem What happens is that as you get older, parts of the nail matrix atrophy. They become weak and dont function quite as well. This results in the increasingly prominent vertical ridges. They're very similar in this way to skin wrinkles. Just the natural result of the aging process.
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(Serious) Can a person get rid of their freckles?
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Just as a reminder, the [Serious] tag isn't required here on ELI5. All questions here are assumed serious. /uncalled for mod
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Why do(almost) all police cars use the same car/model?
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Only a few cars are designed to be turned into police cars. They have to have more powerful engines, brakes, electrical systems, alternators, plus they have to have adjustments you may not even think of. For example, my Charger has a really wide center console because standard police equipment like radios are 9" wide. And the cruise control is on the wheel instead of on the steering column, because the police model has a column mounted shifterBuying a lot of the same model means you get bulk rates as well as make maintenance easier. And for unmarked cars they do often use different models, and sometimes have the police use their personal vehicles.
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When floating in space, or any zero gravity environment, would a person always feel as if they were standing upright?
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You would feel as though you were falling. "Zero-gravity" actually means you are in free fall, or in a motion that imitates free fall, such as the planes that fly in steep parabolic arcs to simulate zero-g for short periods of time without having to go into orbit. Imagine you jump down an elevator shaft that just goes on forever. That's what being in zero-g feels like, and that is why people often feel sick/throw up when experiencing it.
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what happens if you leave the microwave door open and it's turned on?
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Microwaves are electromagnetic radiation with fairly large wavelength. If you take away the spinning mechanism and put in something like a block of cheese, you'll pretty reliably be able to see that the heat will most be applied in certain sections. If you measure the distance between those sections, you'll be able to tell the wavelength of the microwaves. What'll happen if you leave the door open? Microwaves will leak out. What does this do to you? Well it affects the water in your system which definitely can't be good for you, but it isn't a HUGE deal. It'll also really fuck with the wifi at your house so long as the microwaves are leaking out
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"Happy" music versus "Dark, depressing" music. Why do we see either as being such? What makes a certain combination of notes fit in either category?
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There is a learned history involved. Music and language are very closely related. Think of someone expressing sorrow or sympathy in a western language. Often there is a sigh, which falls down slightly with the sound going softer. Now listen to the lachrymosa from the Requiem by Mozart and you can hear this sigh in the violins. Mozart plays with the sigh by inverting the shape etc but that affect is present through that movement. And if you look at music that evokes sadness you will find this sigh figure. Check out Barbers adagio, it occurs over and over again. Or listen to the Bach violin sonata in G Minor, the adagio. Now for keys and their relationship to sadness. Before pianos and in the early renaissance, the modes were popular tools for composing. Today, modes that we would define as sad, were used as modes for things that were happy or calming. But as music started to have a stronger relationship with vertical function over horizontal counterpoint, you start to see the modes shift roles. It was a long evolution, and part of it is based on these emotive gestures becoming a part of the western music dialect. The key that fit really well with that sigh figure happens to be minor. And there are a great deal more gestures. Like something joyous often has a jump up of a fourth and sixth. Take for example happy birthday or the wedding march by Wagner. Now relate that what your voice naturally does when you get excited by seeing a friend you like "oh hey!" Or when you win a game and get excited and yell "hell yes!" This is a very brief survey answer to your question and if you like I could try and find some examples for you.
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What's the opioid crisis?
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I work in healthcare. The opioid crisis is this situation in America where it is seen that providers are prescribing opioids much more liberally than how they should. There are several studies that show how addictive these opioids can be and that innocent people can become addicted with a simple 5-7 day dose following surgery. The problem that laypeople fail to realize is that medicine has become a patient satisfaction industry. If I feel pressured by a patient to write them opioids, I know I’m about to run into trouble. They are more likely to be dissatisfied when I refuse to give them opioids that I feel are not indicated, with the possibility of taking me to court. Now this is where the fun begins. They may win a suit against me for “not being compassionate to help them alleviate their pain while I have the power to do so”. On the flip side, if I prescribe opioids , I can be sued for them becoming addicted. Honestly there is no way to win even with perfect medical judgement. Most people aren’t doctors though and they dont think or even care how it affects us, but really the doctors need more legal protection than what we currently have. We can lose our livelihood any day despite having perfect judgement with prescriptions.
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Sometimes my rings feel more loose on my fingers then other times, why?
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Finger tissue swelling/shrinkage. Rings will allwsys be looser in cold conditions. Somebody else wanna take the "it must be cold in here" dick joke??', "Joints swell throughout the day. We'll typically move around about half a ring size on either side of average. Everything from temperature to blood pressure to exercise can cause variations in the diameter of our fingers. Before you buy a ring, it's a good idea to get your blood pressure up a little bit by clenching/pumping your fist. This will help you find a ring that won't be too tight, but also not too loose.
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What happens when you "see stars"?
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When you hit the back of your head, you're hitting the part of your brain that perceives vision, this can temporarily disorient you and cause little "stars" to appear in your vision', "Light takes time to travel. The light from our sun is more than 8 minutes old when it reaches us. Other stars are REALLY far away, Light years, not light minutes. What you see when you look at stars is the light that they emitted years and years ago. So it's like looking back in time. Some of those stars aren't even there anymore. A star that is 500 light years away might have gone supernova 300 years ago, and we won't know for another 200 years.Here's a link to more in-depth information: [Why Do I See Stars?] Basically, the "stars" are known as [phosphenes] and are caused by pressure on the eye being translated into various patterns by your optic nerve.
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Why do our faces turn red when we are embarrassed?
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Your body thinks embarassment is a threat. It triggers adrenaline to help you fight the threat. Adrenaline dilates your blood vessels so you get more oxygen and blood to use so you can fight or run. Blood rushing to your face makes you look red.
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Why are cops in the US allowed to break into your house without a warrant when there's a party?
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They aren't. They do not have the lawful authority to break into *any* private structure, business or residential, in the absence of something called *exigent circumstances.* Basically, an exigent circumstance is any situation in which *not* acting creates an unreasonable risk of harm to something or somebody. If a policeman were walking down the street and heard cries of "Help! Help!" coming from within a private residence, that policeman would have the lawful authority to make entry to that residence, up to and including breaking the door in. That's because under that circumstance, the policeman would reasonably suspect that somebody was *actively coming to harm* in the residence at that time, and that waiting could cause that person to come to still greater harm. But a noise complaint does not create an exigent circumstance. If somebody calls in a noise complaint on you, the police will come to your house, knock on the door, and *ask* to be invited inside so they can check things out. They will not break your door in, because there's no reason to believe it's an exigent circumstance. However, there is also the matter of what's called *probable cause.* Probable cause is the legal doctrine that says sometimes peace officers — policemen, sheriffs and so on —\xa0have the lawful authority to conduct an arrest or a search right there on the spur of the moment, without getting explicit judicial approval . If a policeman comes to your door in response to a noise complaint, looks past you into your residence and *sees people snorting white powder,* that policeman will have the lawful authority to enter your home with or without permission and determine whether that white powder is a controlled substance. So the short answer to your question is that police cannot break into your home except under exigent circumstances, and they can't even enter your home without permission without probable cause, and a noise complaint *by itself* creates neither.
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The reasoning behind Mormon polygamy.
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For what it's worth, here's [the Church's official explanation]. Consider the source, obviously, but you sometimes see claims of one official reason or another and this is the only real official answer I suspect you'll find.Short answer: Joseph Smith wanted to have multiple wives and he was in the position where he had people believing that he spoke for god.* Polygamy started as a cover story for the founder's sexual appetite.^[1] * Once Joseph Smith's secret was out of the bag, a lot of mormon men wanted a piece of the action. Smith had framed polygamy as being required to achieve the highest level of heaven.^[2] A lot of mormon men wanted to maximize their chances for *pussy* both now and in the hereafter! * A lot of mormon men thought a having a variety of young women around them not only brought a great variety to their sexual relationships, but they claimed that multiple partners had quantifiable advantages over monogamy. They claimed plural marriage helped stave off temptation from the illicit and immoral outlets of prostitution and adultery. Quotes available upon request. * Because one of the stated goals was to raise up a righteous generation of mormons, birth control was *out of the question.* Also, women past menopause were summarily jettisoned and discarded.^[3] The polygamist branches of mormonism continue to reward their older men with the youngest and most fertile hens. * It probably goes with out saying, but please disregard the lingering misogyny. It is simply a figment of your imagination. ;) ELI5: Partriarchy wins out over matriarchy. It doesn't hurt to claim that god is on your side. ;) **edited** ELI5 is hard.
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How do we forget?
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First let's look at how we remember things, then we'll work backwards. Remember in class when you were asked to make a "brain storm" where you would draw a circle and write something in it? Then as you came up with more ideas you 'd draw more circles, and you would connect them with lines? Memories kind of work the same way, but instead of ideas, these circles are filled with details. So what would a brain storm for "dog" look like? Well your brainstorm would have bubbles for things like "four legs
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Why is haggling something that just doesn't happen any more?
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Market efficiency in action. Used to be if I wanted to buy something, I didn't have a lot of choices. There were no supermarkets or shopping malls, and I was pretty much stuck with wherever I was willing to walk to. If a seller was charging more than I wanted to pay, I couldn't just go somewhere else. Luckily, the seller was stuck with me too. If they wanted to make a sale, they might not be able to count on a bunch of other people walking through the door. The only real alternative either of us had for getting a better price was to argue about it. In addition, a lot of sellers were selling goods they made themselves, which gave them some flexibility. If you are selling something for $10 and paid $8 wholesale, you rarely will sell it for less than that. But if you paid $1 for materials and put an hour of your time into it, you still might want to sell it for $10, but selling it for $5 isn't losing money.
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Why are computer and calculator number pads in the opposite order of phone keypads?
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The original calculator had a 1x9 column of number buttons for each digit, with 1 at the bottom and 9 at the top. To make an 8 digit calculator you had 8 "5" keys in a row. When calculator people figured you could use one "5" key if you did numbers in order with a "0" key, they folded the 1x9 up into a 3x3 grid with a "0" below it. At that time, phone dials were rotary. Bell did a huge experiment with both formats, but only a very small fraction of society had ever used a calculator . They decided on the 3x4 grid with "1 2 3" at the top because that was the pad that most people used most quickly/correctly. Then calculators became digital, and cheap, and it was noticed that these two big systems were different. Alas, neither could agree to change.
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Why are autopsies almost always definitive? How come they can give answers when biopsies and other medical procedures can't?
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Sometimes, trying to cure a living person is like working on a car while it's still running. There are a lot of limits to what can be done without being too invasive. When the car is turned off you can delve endlessly into researching the engine, taking things apart and so on without being limited to what you can do without risk.
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Why do some people get incredibly grumpy when they are hungry?
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It could be an effect of hypoglycemia . Take a look at this list of symptoms on the wiki page: _URL_0_While many factors contribute to this "Hangryness", it's believed that a large part of this aggression is caused by a droop in [serotonin levels.] Serotonin is what is called a neurotransmitter, a specific substance that carries a signal from one nerve cell to another. In this way, the amount of a specific neurotransmitter creates different effects on our body. Serotonin is unique due to the fact that its effects generally are inhibitory. In other words, serotonin reduces sexual behavior, suppresses pain perception, and stabilize moods. Researchers found that making individuals hungry leads to diminished levels of serotonin in the brain, which in turn, made certain parts of the brain weaker than normal **TLDR; Serotonin**', "Maybe there's a survival benefit to increased aggression when necessities are scarce? Could create a greater drive to hunt. Or walk down the valley to the next tribe and start smashing heads to get their food.
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When was the 'first' Monday?
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As pointed out there is some vagary in your question, but I'm going to go with "some time around the first century AD". This is when the Romans started to switch from the 8 day week to 7 day a week, and moved from using simple letters to denote days of the week to using celestial bodies. This is when the second day of the week was named after the moon , so this seems to be the first traces of our specific version of Mondays.
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What should an adult do if they are being assaulted by a minor?
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Flee or defend themselves. You can defend yourself against anyone, minor or noti read that he spit on your car etc etc. the simple answer to your question is this:you may only enter combat after all other options are exhausted. example: leaving, backing away, saying please dont assault me. and even when it is ok to defend yourself, you must always show restraint, this means you cant american history X them after they are on the ground, you have to back away now that the threat is gone, call the police etc. and the other guy has a better lawyer than you, it will get you in a sticky situation if you for example bind his hands, or otherwise detain him with anything other than your body weight, it can be considered "kidnapping" and i forget the other word for it but the bad guy cant flee and he feared for his life etc even after attacking you and losing) so in your example you would probably do 3 months because you would have been seen escalating the situation, spitting on a car is simple property dammage, but good luck getting any money for it unless you are justin beiber;s neighbors. Also remember there is no real threat to you, you are in a metal box and hes throwing "water" on you, if he were trying to break your window or something thats another matter, but you still have to try to escape the situation aka drive away. another fun fact: its a felony to throw an object at a moving vehicle, so theres your avenue to get him in trouble, but even then you cannot approach and attempt to detain him, you can only watch and report to 911 untill police arriveDick kick 100%. Stop that fucker from spawning more scumbags
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What makes the F-14 so loved and the F-35 so hated?
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F-14 takes you on a highway to the danger zone F-35 will not.The F-14 wasn't an important step in aviation history; it was just a very large, expensive jet that was very capable; it was to the Navy as the F-22 is to the USAF today. The biggest difference though: The F-14 came about during the Cold War; the USSR was a real threat to the US, the F-14 represented aerial supremacy for the US, compounded by media representation such as Top Gun. When there were problems, they were reported within the Navy, occasionally a journal and that was it. The F-35 has come about in the middle of the greatest recession since WW2 and during a time when our enemies mainly consist of opium farmers running around with AK-47s. In addition, the F-35's been designed to fight in non-traditional means which the public doesn't understand . On top of this, it's the first fighter program to grow up in the age of the internet. When there's a problem, it's reported within the JSF office, then in the government, then in the media, then in blogs and forums. Some groups also have stuff to gain from seeing the F-35 fail.
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why do we feel energized after shower?
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Hot showers relaxes muscles and releases oxytocin -which eases stress-. Cold showers, on the other hand, put the brain on an alert state, thus "waking" or "energizing" -as you said- the body. I believe you refer to the latter. EDIT: As mentioned by u/Weaponomics, cold showers also stimulate blood flow.I don't know about you guys but a hot shower for me makes me feel relaxed/sleepy/tired pretty much the opposite of awake 😂 a cold shower on the other hand is like injecting a redbull into my bloodstream am I weird or is everyone else like this?
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How does an Etch-a-sketch work?
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The inside of an etch-a-sketch is filled with a very fine powder that clings to the transparent screen at the front, the 2 knobs direct a small stylus to scrape the powder off of the screen, allowing you to draw. By shaking it, you redistribute the powder and fully coat the front of the screen again.
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Didn't we know there was water on Mars?
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The Martian "ice" caps are actually frozen CO2, not H2O. The Curiosity rover has found H2O on Mars.
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Why couldn't artists 500+ years ago achieve the same level of detail as artists today?
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I heard it had a lot to do with the invention / discovery of the camera obscura. This helped people understand perspective / proportions / etc better. Here's a quick article I found about it - but there are a ton of others, videos, books, etc that talk about it in more depth. _URL_0_", 'What do you mean? [This looks pretty detailed to me]', "Couple reasons 1. Getting someone to hold still for the hours it takes to paint a portrait is problematic. Nowadays, you can just snap a photograph and work from that at your leisure, reproducing every little detail. Without that, you're going to have to work more quickly and they're going to be moving around, and thus constantly changing the details you're trying to paint. 2. Photorealism isn't what they were wanting to make or being paid to make. Numerous artistic styles aren't intended to look anything like reality. And they were typically doing this stuff for money and the guy with the money had say on how things were done.There probably were artists capable of doing so. I dont think theres much of a difference in materials and techniques to draw a painting. I assume there was simply no demand.
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What makes some humans generally considered more attractive than others?
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It is just a tool of evolution. We are programmed to seek out optimal mates for reproducing, and we can dicern more than just physical attributes from looks. Just over 200 years ago, being obese to morbidly obese was considered very attractive, because it meant their family was wealthy and could afford to eat enough to make them fat, which was an uncommon thing at the time. It isnt even a conscious effort, our subconscious breaks down the subtle meanings and gives us either positive or negative feedback. These days, when someone is obese or morbidly obese , it no longer means they are incredibly wealthy, so we do not find it attractive. On the contrary, it typically shows that they lack discipline, have difficulty setting long term goals, and struggle controlling their impulses, all traits that would effect a partner negativley when trying to reproduce and raise offspring. The mind is a fascinating thing.Attractiveness is an evolutionary tool to discriminate mates with better genes. Facial symmetry, which is generally seen as more attractive is one indicator of good genes. Genes that I wouldn't mind mingling with my own.I read an article years ago in what was probably Discover Magazine, based on my recollection of my reading habits at the time, suggesting ties between attractive traits and reproductive fitness. A "strong jaw" in men is the product of testosterone, the"manly" hormone, and it suggests he will be a good provider. A certain hip-to-waist ratio in women is considered good "birthing hips" across cultures, even in Amazon tribes with no exposure to outside media. We are hardwired by evolution to favor traits that indicate our partners are healthy, will help us provide for ourselves, and will help us raise children who will themselves be reproductively successfulBeyond the biological reasons that others have outlined, many standards of beauty are cultural. So people that have whatever those traits may be are going to be seen as beautiful by the bulk of the population.
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Can a piece of toilet paper absorb the same amount of water after a cycle of wet-dry-wet?
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Probably not. Toilet paper is designed to break up in water. I would expect the gaps in the fibers, the gaps that hold the water, would collapse as it soaks, leaving less volume for water retention after drying out.
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