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Despite these numbers , not all the clergy were regularly present at the services in Elgin Cathedral . Absence was an enduring fact of life in all cathedrals in a period when careerist clerics would accept positions in other cathedrals . This is not to say that the time spent away from the chanonry was without permiss... | fe64dd9d720910c006f0b4c21be86629 | 11,247 |
The clergy were augmented by an unknown number of lay lawyers and clerks as well as masons , carpenters , glaziers , plumbers , and gardeners . Master Gregory the mason and Master Richard the glazier are mentioned in the chartulary of the cathedral .
| b5148715868c5f34dcc29c994a14b1bb | 11,248 |
= = = Chanonry and burgh = = =
| e5919983f4eaca89575caf64130139da | 11,250 |
The chanonry , referred to in the cathedral 's chartulary as the college of the chanonry or simply as the college , was the collection of the canons ' manses that were grouped around the cathedral . A substantial wall , over 3 @.@ 5 metres ( 11 ft ) high , 2 metres ( 6 ft 7 in ) thick and around 820 metres ( 2 @,@ 690... | 1289b62703a095a9fc0dd3962159018f | 11,252 |
The hospital of Maison Dieu , dedicated to St Mary and situated near the cathedral precinct but outside the chanonry , was established by Bishop Andreas before 1237 for the aid of the poor . It suffered fire damage in 1390 and again in 1445 . The cathedral clerks received it as a secular benefice but in later years it... | 76e4e40b38eb7ee79a95e79823ea2a38 | 11,253 |
There were two friaries in the burgh . The Dominican Black Friars friary was founded in the western part of the burgh around 1233 . The Franciscan ( Friars Minor Conventual ) Grey Friars friary was later founded in the eastern part of the burgh sometime before 1281 . It is thought that this latter Grey Friars foundati... | 66ce2f84bae344ef36a80b2795e050af | 11,254 |
= = = Post – Reformation = = =
| c4269d340769fd89924689df1bd27119 | 11,256 |
In August 1560 , parliament assembled in Edinburgh and legislated that the Scottish church would be Protestant , the Pope would have no authority and that the Catholic mass was illegal . Scottish cathedrals now survived only if they were used as parish churches and as Elgin had been fully served by the Kirk of St Gile... | 0aa6310b69484a158116f35e1c1bd2af | 11,258 |
Decay had set in and the roof of the eastern limb collapsed during a gale on 4 December 1637 . In 1640 the General Assembly ordered Gilbert Ross , the minister of St Giles kirk , to remove the rood screen which still partitioned the choir and presbytery from the nave . Ross was assisted in this by the Lairds of Innes ... | 5d0c17773420352a5784e088622ef03a | 11,259 |
At some point the cathedral grounds had become the burial ground for Elgin . The town council arranged for the boundary wall to be repaired in 1685 but significantly , the council ordered that the stones from the cathedral should not be used for that purpose . Although the building was becoming increasingly unstable t... | f87de952caa25904b09e5acb086356f7 | 11,260 |
Since the abolition of bishops within the Scottish Church in 1689 , ownership of the abandoned cathedral fell to the crown , but no attempt to halt the decline of the building took place . Acknowledging the necessity to stabilise the structure , the Elgin Town Council initiated the reconstruction of the perimeter wall... | 00a7f9534c220c4acf61f666f178adaf | 11,261 |
In 1824 John Shanks , an Elgin shoemaker and an important figure in the conservation of the cathedral , started his work . Sponsored by local gentleman Isaac Forsyth , Shanks cleared the grounds of centuries of rubbish dumping and rubble . Shanks was officially appointed the site 's Keeper and Watchman in 1826 . Altho... | 7930802060a67b0cfbd0fd8291122e27 | 11,262 |
Some minor works took place during the remainder of the 19th century and continued into the early 20th century . During the 1930s further maintenance work ensued that included a new roof to protect the vaulted ceiling of the south choir aisle . From 1960 onwards the crumbling sandstone blocks were replaced and new win... | b01c2adc613f6a99440e76865bb83e47 | 11,263 |
= = Building phases = =
| 93af944483461f386f380a9f07fe9302 | 11,265 |
= = = Construction 1224 – 1270 = = =
| b6babd8450eaa41f41846ac4ac873fb5 | 11,268 |
The first church was markedly cruciform in shape and smaller than the present floor plan . This early structure had a choir without aisles and more truncated , and a nave with only a single aisle on its north and south sides ( Fig . 4 ) . The central tower rose above the crossing between the north and south transepts ... | 5c50d8d4981f2b740dfefbb35e7ef8d8 | 11,270 |
The south transept 's southern wall is nearly complete , displaying the fine workmanship of the first phase . It shows the Gothic pointed arch style in the windows that first appeared in France in the mid @-@ 12th century and was apparent in England around 1170 , but hardly appeared in Scotland until the early 13th ce... | 79a01525b858b14c48351ab29563b042 | 11,271 |
The west front has two 13th century buttressed towers 27 @.@ 4 metres ( 90 ft ) high that were originally topped with wooden spires covered in protective lead . Although the difference between the construction of the base course and the transepts suggests that the towers were not part of the initial design , it is lik... | e69374589c9f1a5d4873b1158cfbc648 | 11,272 |
= = = Enlargement and re @-@ construction after 1270 = = =
| 7c21fa1eab2f6c6d661ec20628921a91 | 11,274 |
After the fire of 1270 , a programme of reconstruction was launched , with repairs and a major enlargement . Outer aisles were added to the nave , the eastern wing comprising the choir and presbytery was doubled in length and had aisles provided on its north and south sides , and the octagonal chapterhouse was built o... | 12ad18b84225be69bf9d299b7a2e20b8 | 11,276 |
In June 1390 , Alexander Stewart , Robert III 's brother , burned the cathedral , manses and burgh of Elgin . This fire was very destructive , requiring the central tower to be completely rebuilt along with the principal arcades of the nave . The entire western gable between the towers was reconstructed and the main w... | 20eba1e4d8dcd1e75ba08fca1d60a5fd | 11,277 |
= = = 19th and 20th century stabilisation = = =
| c9aa7f1a88f91e474e7191e303633395 | 11,279 |
In 1847 – 8 several of the old houses associated with the cathedral on the west side were demolished , and some minor changes were made to the boundary wall . Structural reinforcement of the ruin and some reconstruction work began in the early 20th century , including restoration of the east gable rose window in 1904 ... | 781985603ee48c479bedb23860ad62d5 | 11,281 |
= = Burials = =
| f2dcffa63dbfbcc626bf43d921c19367 | 11,283 |
Andreas de Moravia – buried in the south side of the choir under a large blue marble stone
| 9ce9247544dc7c3cb42c2dceccb76645 | 11,285 |
David de Moravia – buried in the choir
| 11180bb0ae5137bfee89b152f28a368d | 11,286 |
William de Spynie – buried in the choir
| e994b4dbb67038fcc2c579a5cdbeae49 | 11,287 |
Andrew Stewart ( d . 1501 )
| 54864efa305b84395f6d65552cea79fb | 11,288 |
Alexander Gordon , 1st Earl of Huntly
| bcdfcd8cdb78bb0c87be0d67f13da986 | 11,289 |
Columba de Dunbar ( c . 1386 – 1435 ) was Bishop of Moray from 1422 until his death
| 4b4dfef0058b60b4c09bfe4a701a9609 | 11,290 |
= = Referenced figures = =
| 8354525ec6bb37b23f6f57edccc3dfe4 | 11,292 |
= St Mary 's Church , Nether Alderley =
| d7bfac1dcab74d430444abe6d6b74aa9 | 11,296 |
St Mary 's Church is an Anglican church at the end of a lane to the south of the village of Nether Alderley , Cheshire , England . It dates from the 14th century , with later additions and a major restoration in the late @-@ 19th century . The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designate... | 9e21a491e7e3efac3a3ebd6972b641c3 | 11,298 |
The church was built in the Gothic style , and has historically been associated with the Stanley family of Alderley . Its major features include a fine tower , the Stanley pew which is entered by an outside staircase , a 14th @-@ century font , the western gallery , and monuments to the Lords Stanley of Alderley . The... | 50004466cd826726321f43fbf525c86e | 11,299 |
St Mary 's is an active parish church in the diocese of Chester , the archdeaconry of Macclesfield , and the deanery of Knutsford . Its benefice is combined with that of St Catherine 's , Birtles .
| 91f193a7bdac2485db137420b694d1eb | 11,300 |
= = History = =
| fd3fc667e330e6e3944a4f085f9ef39d | 11,302 |
The oldest parts of the church date from around 1300 , but it is likely that a timber @-@ framed church existed on the site before then . The church 's original dedication was to Saint Lawrence , but that was later changed to Saint Mary . A clerestory was added in the 15th century . The tower was built in 1530 , and t... | eafa5902f27d9b33872d4040d1696528 | 11,304 |
= = Architecture = =
| 9457869ea20ab96db3c7eee78e93eab0 | 11,306 |
= = = Exterior = = =
| 2041f0008ca517529da01f2056064349 | 11,309 |
St Mary 's is built of ashlar buff and red sandstone quarried locally at Alderley Edge , and the roof is of Kerridge stone slates . Its plan consists of a tower at the west end , a four @-@ bay nave with north and south aisles , a chancel with a vestry to its north , and a south porch . Over the north aisle is a dorme... | b81b2478319d7a1d0f2af3548dee64ba | 11,311 |
= = = Interior = = =
| afff01ec572ee901682fce4648432670 | 11,313 |
The barrel @-@ shaped nave roof dates possibly from the early 16th century . The early 17th @-@ century Stanley pew at the eastern end of the south aisle is at the level of an upper storey , and is entered by a flight of steps from outside the church . Its front is richly carved and displays six panels with coats of a... | bdf570a91817ac8d041bec9fb1f2b8f4 | 11,315 |
The chancel contains memorials to the Lords Stanley of Alderley . The memorial to John Stanley , 1st Baron Stanley of Alderley contains his effigy dressed in peer 's robes lying under a canopy with his hand on a book , dated 1856 and by Richard Westmacott . On the other side of the chancel is a memorial to his son Edw... | da55a71f9ae7417fccc2d92809ca3258 | 11,316 |
The stained glass in the east window , dated 1856 , was made by William Wailes . The glass in a south window in the chancel of 1909 was made by Morris & Co . The east window in the north aisle , dated 1920 is by Irene Dunlop . The stained glass window to the left of the pulpit was donated by the Greg family of Styal M... | bb061f8b879b49a528b10c687fc964b3 | 11,317 |
= = External features = =
| cf8f139f20c1835946d7a5a390350dd5 | 11,319 |
The sandstone schoolhouse in the churchyard was built in 1628 ; the school room was on the ground floor and the schoolmaster 's accommodation was above . A large room was added to the rear in 1817 , and in 1908 the building was restored and presented to the parish by Lord Stanley . It is now used as a parish hall and ... | 30659792f69c5531aaa501de1dcbcc90 | 11,321 |
The medieval church cross in the churchyard , the Stanley Mausoleum , and the churchyard walls , gate piers and gates , are Grade II listed .
| 3972851d982ba9bfbb979f2d042f82fb | 11,322 |
The mausoleum was built in 1909 by Edward Lyulph , 4th Lord Stanley . He died in 1925 and it contains his ashes and those of his wife , Mary Katherine , who died in 1929 . The mausoleum is built in ashlar buff and red sandstone with a Kerridge stone @-@ slate roof . It was designed in the neo @-@ Jacobean style by Pau... | bf6dce4e485a5da9ddd9e9a6c8a68be7 | 11,323 |
= = Rediscovery of the crypt = =
| 8dfc485ae884694f185d889717fc2f10 | 11,325 |
It had been known that under the church was a vault containing the remains of some members of the Stanley family but its whereabouts were not known until they were discovered by an architect in 2007 . A stone slab was removed exposing steps leading to a crypt under the chancel . This contained six coffins , four of wh... | 2439d63f74c9080bd644ecf7859d3e84 | 11,327 |
= = Present activities = =
| 3f9129d345d21c39e43410987206da9a | 11,329 |
St Mary 's holds a variety of Anglican services on Sundays and offers a range of church activities . The church is open to visitors at advertised times and guided tours are available . A parish magazine is published monthly .
| 6720986f4b394978e061035b9f8142b6 | 11,331 |
= Tawny nurse shark =
| e6002dff945862acb34de5313de8e50e | 11,334 |
The tawny nurse shark ( Nebrius ferrugineus ) is a species of carpet shark in the family Ginglymostomatidae , and the only extant member of the genus Nebrius . It is found widely along coastlines in the Indo @-@ Pacific , preferring reefs , sandy flats , and seagrass beds from very shallow water to a depth of 70 m ( 2... | a95e994984029636f0411f3db9c0efe8 | 11,336 |
Nocturnal in habits , the tawny nurse shark tends to spend the day resting in piles of two dozen or more individuals inside caves or under ledges . At night , it is an active @-@ swimming predator that uses a powerful suction force to extract prey from inside holes and crevices . The diet of this species consists main... | 770b08c61b4b5dc705b28d7f0789ad3a | 11,337 |
Compared to the nurse shark , the tawny nurse shark has a more placid disposition and will often allow divers to touch and play with it . However , it should be accorded respect due to its powerful jaws and sharp teeth . This species is caught by commercial fisheries across most of its range for meat , fins , liver oi... | 53e4f364854ff95e06b0b34865c034c0 | 11,338 |
= = Taxonomy and phylogeny = =
| 82e43f47f62279923c1ccb942b87e109 | 11,340 |
The tawny nurse shark was first described by French naturalist René @-@ Primevère Lesson as Scyllium ferrugineum , based on a 1 @.@ 4 m ( 4 ft 7 in ) long specimen from New Guinea . His short account was published in 1831 in Voyage au tour du monde , sur la corvette La Coquille . A more detailed description , along wi... | 38548b34c2773a31783309cd32a0d908 | 11,342 |
The genus name Nebrius is derived from the Greek word nebris or nebridos , meaning the skin of a fawn . The specific epithet ferrugineus is Latin for " rust @-@ colored " . Other common names for this species include giant sleepy shark , Madame X ( a name coined by the shark fisherman Norman Caldwell in the 1930s for ... | c0d0f45d892774a6196c5e6481df7143 | 11,343 |
= = Distribution and habitat = =
| 9601e56467fdbcc8942e966c406b558c | 11,345 |
The tawny nurse shark is widely distributed in the Indo @-@ Pacific region . In the Indian Ocean , it is found from KwaZulu @-@ Natal , South Africa northward to the Red Sea , Persian Gulf and India , including Madagascar , Mauritius , the Chagos Archipelago , the Seychelles , and the Maldives . In the western Pacific... | c1caf0ba0969fe2775785c2fc6fd5b47 | 11,347 |
An inshore species , the tawny nurse shark inhabits continental and insular shelves over sandy flats or beds of seagrass , as well as along the outer edges of coral or rocky reefs . This shark may be found from the surf zone , often in water barely deep enough to cover its body , to a maximum depth of 70 m ( 230 ft ) ... | 2cfc57183ff467e858c640ade6214f7f | 11,348 |
= = Description = =
| 7096d9cc91723f919ab4f5acdab6bccb | 11,350 |
The tawny nurse shark grows to a maximum length of 3 @.@ 2 m ( 10 ft ) . It has a robust , cylindrical body with a broadly rounded and flattened head . The eyes are small and face laterally , with prominent ridges over them and smaller spiracles behind . There are a pair of long , slender barbels in front of the nostr... | e9fedef239f29e3cf7247ad006f07e20 | 11,352 |
The dorsal and pelvic fins are angular , with the first dorsal fin larger than the second . The pectoral fins are narrow , pointed , and falcate ( sickle @-@ shaped ) ; their shape separates this species from the similar @-@ looking nurse shark . The origin of the first dorsal fin is about even with the origin of the ... | 3db9be9c2496d4d909ed789bd3bad552 | 11,353 |
Many tawny nurse sharks found off the coasts of Japan , Taiwan , and the Ryukyu Islands lack a second dorsal fin . This physical abnormality has been speculated to result from pregnant females being exposed to water of unusually high salinity and / or temperature , possibly from human activity . In 1986 , a 2 @.@ 9 m ... | 8a44509269948fbc81c680127fc78cab | 11,354 |
= = Biology and ecology = =
| 4e445158217c46ea38d2c999edde8806 | 11,356 |
With a more streamlined form than other nurse sharks , the tawny nurse shark is believed to be a less benthic , more active swimmer . The characteristics of its body , head , fins , and teeth are comparable to other active reef sharks sharing its range , such as the sicklefin lemon shark ( Negaprion acutidens ) . Tawn... | a8d8c7f40e469647bf265763922fca92 | 11,358 |
The tawny nurse shark has few natural predators ; attacks on this species have been reported from bull sharks ( Carcharhinus leucas ) and great hammerheads ( Sphyrna mokarran ) , while the related nurse shark has been known to fall prey to tiger sharks ( Galeocerdo cuvier ) and lemon sharks ( Negaprion brevirostris ) ... | 0e2a684d24fbe681d77a53a07e9f5d42 | 11,359 |
= = = Feeding = = =
| d88e2b41c459aadc8c2adc8387d20655 | 11,361 |
The tawny nurse shark may be one of the few fishes specializing in preying on octopus . Other known food items include corals , sea urchins , crustaceans ( e.g. crabs and lobsters ) , squid , small fishes ( e.g. surgeonfish , queenfish , and rabbitfish ) , and the occasional sea snake . Hunting tawny nurse sharks swim... | 25dbd8205e18c845b32e12fbad19511a | 11,363 |
= = = Life history = = =
| f413c267d5da2cc662b940c9fd45486c | 11,365 |
Mating in the tawny nurse shark is known to occur from July to August off Madagascar . Adult females have one functional ovary and two functional uteruses . The mode of reproduction is aplacental viviparity , meaning that the embryos hatch inside the uterus ; females in captivity have been documented depositing up to ... | ec0466a94476d54131d2104a5693e560 | 11,367 |
Various authors have reported the length at birth anywhere from 40 to 80 cm ( 16 to 31 in ) , with the discrepancy possibly reflecting geographic variation . Although females release up to four fertilized eggs into each uterus , the very large size of the newborns suggest that the litter size may be as few as one or t... | 9c342b6ed658e4e23e25bdf21d5330e9 | 11,368 |
= = Human interactions = =
| fed19b492f10e18842a138d0b3336be4 | 11,370 |
Encounters with tawny nurse sharks underwater indicate a more docile demeanor than the similar nurse shark ; usually divers are able to approach the sharks closely and even touch and play with them without incident . However , this species has been infrequently provoked into biting , and merits respect due to its stre... | 82102d1f80a641866234a0dc6bd9d702 | 11,372 |
The tawny nurse shark is taken by commercial fisheries operating throughout its range , including off Pakistan , India , Thailand , and the Philippines ; an exception is in Australian waters , where it is only taken in small numbers as bycatch . This shark is caught using demersal trawls , floating and fixed bottom gi... | 0a738567f6f7d1c02bbac63fedfe44a1 | 11,373 |
The International Union for Conservation of Nature ( IUCN ) has assessed the tawny nurse shark as Vulnerable worldwide , as it faces heavy fishing pressure and its low reproductive and dispersal rates limit the ability of over @-@ exploited populations to recover . Furthermore , this shark 's inshore habitat renders i... | 0cc56236d613349d94ad9c0a7ef1d3fc | 11,374 |
= California State Route 243 =
| 75dfe6c8d79b38ca48ed4a1ba4235d25 | 11,377 |
State Route 243 ( SR 243 ) , or the Banning @-@ Idyllwild Panoramic Highway , is a 30 @-@ mile ( 50 kilometer ) two @-@ lane highway that runs from Banning , California ( in the north ) to Idyllwild , California ( in the south ) in Riverside County , California . The highway is a connector between Interstate 10 ( I @-... | cb40d7223772d33da875c9045906fe92 | 11,379 |
= = Route description = =
| 492dd728c7998b12b26ca6c56c46440f | 11,381 |
SR 243 begins at SR 74 in the San Jacinto Wilderness near Mountain Center , Riverside County as Idyllwild Road . The highway traverses north along a winding road through the community of Idyllwild . SR 243 makes a left turn at the intersection with Circle Drive and continues through Pine Cove . The road continues thro... | c1d0566efe66573e95f4b82400664d3d | 11,383 |
SR 243 is part of the National Highway System , a network of highways that are essential to the country 's economy , defense , and mobility . SR 243 is eligible for the State Scenic Highway System , and is officially designated as a scenic highway by the California Department of Transportation ( Caltrans ) , meaning t... | 596c6d22d305579ff7f195d3176f0324 | 11,384 |
= = History = =
| fd3fc667e330e6e3944a4f085f9ef39d | 11,386 |
A road from Banning to Idyllwild was under construction in 1904 , and 12 miles ( 19 km ) of the road was open by August , with an additional six miles ( 9 @.@ 7 km ) of the road planned . Another four miles ( 6 @.@ 4 km ) were commissioned in 1908 . The oiled road was completed by September 1910 , and provided a view ... | 862ff5bc11bb0e34b1d671c8ffbfaad9 | 11,388 |
A new " high @-@ gear " road from Banning to Idyllwild was under way by 1935 , and two years later , the Los Angeles Times considered the road to be " high @-@ gear " . Efforts to pave the road were under way in 1950 . The road from Banning through Idyllwild to SR 74 was known as County Route R1 ( CR R1 ) by 1966 . By... | 92be43bcbf0bf61a63ffec9f1c6a4805 | 11,389 |
= = Major intersections = =
| 758ae1495b9ccb2712446fb9e200ddfc | 11,391 |
Except where prefixed with a letter , postmiles were measured on the road as it was when the route was established , based on the alignment that existed at the time , and do not necessarily reflect current mileage . R reflects a realignment in the route since then , M indicates a second realignment , L refers an overl... | 4774a2ee62b88749ce3b27aa7a8d9966 | 11,393 |
= = Other important information = =
| df4bd17a2a9a48f80d893f53fe13b540 | 11,395 |
Firearm Transportation Due to the fact that CA @-@ 243 passes Idyllwild School , pursuant to the Gun @-@ Free School Zones Act of 1990 , firearms , including those in vehicles , must be within the guidelines of 18 U.S.C. § 922 ( q ) ( 2 ) ( B ) within the school zone , which is , as defined by 18 U.S.C. § 921 ( a ) ( ... | ef3209cdf7991c2ecd192dde0cd0175d | 11,397 |
= The Amps =
| 2cadc49bc851666b2295fb69be6c76bd | 11,400 |
The Amps were an American alternative @-@ indie rock group . Formed by Kim Deal in 1995 after her band the Breeders went on hiatus , the group consisted of Deal , vocals and guitars ; Luis Lerma , bass ; Nate Farley , guitars ; and the Breeders ' Jim Macpherson , drums . The Breeders ' Kelley Deal , Kim 's sister , wa... | ec90bda0bac045a7cd5fa46377783775 | 11,402 |
Pacer was released in October 1995 . The group toured the United States , Europe , and Australia , with bands including the Foo Fighters , Sonic Youth , and Guided by Voices . Critics commented on the loose and rough quality of these performances . The Amps continued as a group until 1996 , when Deal changed their nam... | 6100b2ca5f1abcf17696da8cf554c11d | 11,403 |
= = Background and formation = =
| 2ad6c7693e094af791fe2b3ab8d7e5fa | 11,405 |
From 1986 to 1992 , Deal was a member of the Pixies , and from 1989 onwards , the Breeders . In August 1993 , the Breeders released their second album , Last Splash , which went platinum in the USA , gold in Canada , and silver in the UK . The other members of the group at that time were Kim 's twin sister Kelley Deal... | 7747b4bb615399a651394fc5291252f0 | 11,407 |
Meanwhile , Kim Deal was eager to continue recording and performing . At first , she envisioned her next album as a solo record , on which she would play all of the instrument parts . When she was recording initial demos for the project , she asked Kelley to play on some of them , to distract her from her drug difficu... | 8f0b668d814b285483735a1ed226d0b4 | 11,408 |
= = Recording and touring = =
| dd3f9f2c9782e3c05e6ca6e39659f189 | 11,410 |
The Amps released one album , Pacer , which was recorded at several different studios . The first session , at Easley Studios in Memphis , Tennessee , was engineered by Davis McCain and Doug Easley . There Deal recorded new songs , including what would become Pacer 's single , " Tipp City " . This recording opportunit... | 530676c8f0f16219bf994d48326033ac | 11,412 |
The Amps toured throughout 1995 and 1996 . Early performances , before releasing Pacer , included June 1995 shows in Dayton : one with Poster Children and another with Guided by Voices . They toured with Guided by Voices and Chavez in the United Kingdom in September , in cities such as London , Glasgow , and Sheffield... | 5a5e8311a6184f74040feb5922290d80 | 11,413 |
Reviewers described live concerts by the Amps as unpolished and relaxed . The Chronicle 's Drema Crist praised their show at an unidentified location as " fun @-@ spirited and silly " . Greg Kot of The Chicago Tribune described one of their Chicago performances as " off @-@ kilter " and wrote that " Deal 's pungent vo... | 79ac9d5c79c65f429573b0cdd049b248 | 11,414 |
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