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349,600 | 350,474 | 16,854,195 | 2,452 | According to a machining principle of the CNC gear hobbing machine, a functional relation between a geometric error of a gear and a tracking error of each motion axis of the machine tool is constructed; a machining error mathematical model of tooth profile deviation, tooth pitch deviation and tooth direction deviation at each position control time point is established by tracking errors of each motion axis; a compensation quantity required for a workpiece rotation axis at the next position control time point is calculated by establishing a decoupling compensation model; average absolute values of machining errors and a total compensation quantity of the machining errors under the conditions of not adopting the synchronous control method and adopting the synchronous control method in the total position control time are obtained by calculating machining error values of each position controls time point, and the synchronized multi-axis motion control is completed. | 1. A method for synchronized multi-axis motion control of a flexible electronic gearbox, wherein the method for synchronized multi-axis motion control is suitable for a CNC gear hobbing machine; the gear hobbing machine comprises an A axis, a B axis, a C axis, an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, the A axis serves as a reference for adjusting a hob installation angle, the B axis serves as a reference for hob rotation, the C axis serves as a reference for workpiece rotation, the X axis serves as a reference for hob radial feeding, the Y axis serves as a reference for hob tangential feeding, the Z axis serves as a reference for hob axial feeding, wherein the B axis, the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis are main motion axes; a servo motor of each main motion axis is detected by a grating encoder and detection results are then input into a microprocessor as reference data, detections results of the B axis, Y axis and Z axis (excluding the X axis) obtained after a functional module of the flexible electronic gearbox performs calculation and transformation according to a mathematical model of a gear bobbing machining technology serve as working data of the C axis, a motion law specified by an electronic gearbox module is realized by using a control theory algorithm to realize gear bobbing machining; the flexible electronic gearbox realizes control functions based on an ARM-DSP-FPGA based hardware platform, wherein
according to a machining principle of the CNC gear bobbing machine, a functional relation between a geometric error of a gear and a tracking error of each motion axis of the machine tool is constructed; the tracking errors comprise: a B axis tracking error Eb (a hob rotation axis tracking error Eb), a C axis tracking error Ec (a workpiece rotation axis tracking error Ec), a Z axis tracking error Ez (a hob axial feed axis tracking error Ez), a Y axis tracking error Ey (a hob tangential feed axis tracking error Ey), an X axis tracking error Ex (a hob radial feed axis tracking error Ex) and a hob installation angle error Ea; a machining error mathematical model of tooth profile deviation Fα, tooth pitch deviation Fp and spiral deviation Fβ is established by tracking errors of each motion axis, and the geometric error of the gear is evaluated by using numerical results of the machining error mathematical model; through each motion axis error of each position control time point, machining error values of this time point, namely the value of the tooth profile deviation Fα, the value of the tooth pitch deviation Fp and the value of the spiral deviation Fβ, are calculated; based on a principle of cross-coupling control, a decoupling compensation model is established to calculate a compensation quantity ΔEc required for the C axis; the compensation quantity ΔEc is compensated to the C axis at the next position control time point, and the compensated machining error values, namely the compensated value of the tooth profile deviation Fα, the compensated value of the tooth pitch deviation Fp and the compensated value of the spiral deviation Fβ, are calculated through tracking errors of each motion axis at the time point; meanwhile, the synchronized multi-axis motion control of the total position control time is completed by obtaining average absolute values of the machining errors and the total compensation quantity of the machining errors under the conditions of not adopting the synchronous control method and adopting the synchronous control method in the total position control time. 2. The method for synchronized multi-axis motion control of a flexible electronic gearbox according to claim 1, comprising the following operating steps:
(1): determining the gear machining type by “a diagonal hobbing method” wherein when the “diagonal hobbing method” is used to machine a helical cylindrical gear, since a hob cutter moves along the Z axis, the C axis generates additional rotation to meet a geometrical relationship of a generated spiral; when there is a need for a hob shifting process, since the hob cutter moves along the Y axis, the C axis generates additional rotation to meet a generating relationship changing due to hob shifting; the generating and differential relationship for machining the helical cylindrical gear is shown in formula (1), | According to a machining principle of the CNC gear hobbing machine, a functional relation between a geometric error of a gear and a tracking error of each motion axis of the machine tool is constructed; a machining error mathematical model of tooth profile deviation, tooth pitch deviation and tooth direction deviation at each position control time point is established by tracking errors of each motion axis; a compensation quantity required for a workpiece rotation axis at the next position control time point is calculated by establishing a decoupling compensation model; average absolute values of machining errors and a total compensation quantity of the machining errors under the conditions of not adopting the synchronous control method and adopting the synchronous control method in the total position control time are obtained by calculating machining error values of each position controls time point, and the synchronized multi-axis motion control is completed.1. A method for synchronized multi-axis motion control of a flexible electronic gearbox, wherein the method for synchronized multi-axis motion control is suitable for a CNC gear hobbing machine; the gear hobbing machine comprises an A axis, a B axis, a C axis, an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, the A axis serves as a reference for adjusting a hob installation angle, the B axis serves as a reference for hob rotation, the C axis serves as a reference for workpiece rotation, the X axis serves as a reference for hob radial feeding, the Y axis serves as a reference for hob tangential feeding, the Z axis serves as a reference for hob axial feeding, wherein the B axis, the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis are main motion axes; a servo motor of each main motion axis is detected by a grating encoder and detection results are then input into a microprocessor as reference data, detections results of the B axis, Y axis and Z axis (excluding the X axis) obtained after a functional module of the flexible electronic gearbox performs calculation and transformation according to a mathematical model of a gear bobbing machining technology serve as working data of the C axis, a motion law specified by an electronic gearbox module is realized by using a control theory algorithm to realize gear bobbing machining; the flexible electronic gearbox realizes control functions based on an ARM-DSP-FPGA based hardware platform, wherein
according to a machining principle of the CNC gear bobbing machine, a functional relation between a geometric error of a gear and a tracking error of each motion axis of the machine tool is constructed; the tracking errors comprise: a B axis tracking error Eb (a hob rotation axis tracking error Eb), a C axis tracking error Ec (a workpiece rotation axis tracking error Ec), a Z axis tracking error Ez (a hob axial feed axis tracking error Ez), a Y axis tracking error Ey (a hob tangential feed axis tracking error Ey), an X axis tracking error Ex (a hob radial feed axis tracking error Ex) and a hob installation angle error Ea; a machining error mathematical model of tooth profile deviation Fα, tooth pitch deviation Fp and spiral deviation Fβ is established by tracking errors of each motion axis, and the geometric error of the gear is evaluated by using numerical results of the machining error mathematical model; through each motion axis error of each position control time point, machining error values of this time point, namely the value of the tooth profile deviation Fα, the value of the tooth pitch deviation Fp and the value of the spiral deviation Fβ, are calculated; based on a principle of cross-coupling control, a decoupling compensation model is established to calculate a compensation quantity ΔEc required for the C axis; the compensation quantity ΔEc is compensated to the C axis at the next position control time point, and the compensated machining error values, namely the compensated value of the tooth profile deviation Fα, the compensated value of the tooth pitch deviation Fp and the compensated value of the spiral deviation Fβ, are calculated through tracking errors of each motion axis at the time point; meanwhile, the synchronized multi-axis motion control of the total position control time is completed by obtaining average absolute values of the machining errors and the total compensation quantity of the machining errors under the conditions of not adopting the synchronous control method and adopting the synchronous control method in the total position control time. 2. The method for synchronized multi-axis motion control of a flexible electronic gearbox according to claim 1, comprising the following operating steps:
(1): determining the gear machining type by “a diagonal hobbing method” wherein when the “diagonal hobbing method” is used to machine a helical cylindrical gear, since a hob cutter moves along the Z axis, the C axis generates additional rotation to meet a geometrical relationship of a generated spiral; when there is a need for a hob shifting process, since the hob cutter moves along the Y axis, the C axis generates additional rotation to meet a generating relationship changing due to hob shifting; the generating and differential relationship for machining the helical cylindrical gear is shown in formula (1), | 2,400 |
349,601 | 350,475 | 16,854,193 | 2,452 | A compound comprising a first ligand LA of Formula I or Formula II: | 1. A compound comprising a first ligand LA of Formula I or Formula II: 2. The compound of claim 1, wherein each R, R1, R2, R3, R4 and RA is independently a hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group consisting of deuterium, fluorine, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, boryl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, and combinations thereof. 3. The compound of claim 1, wherein A1 and A2 are each C. 4. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl. 5. The compound of claim 1, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, and aryl. 6. The compound of claim 1, wherein M is Pt, Pd, or Ir. 7. The compound of claim 1, wherein each X1, X2, and X3 is C. 8. The compound of claim 1, wherein at least one of X1, X2, and X3 is N. 9. The compound of claim 1, wherein the first ligand LA is selected from the group consisting of: 10. The compound of claim 1, wherein the first ligand LA is selected from the group consisting of LA1-LA124;
wherein of LA1-LA36 are ligands of Formula III: 11. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound has a formula of M(LA)x(LB)y(LC)z wherein LB and LC are each a bidentate ligand; and wherein x is 1, 2, or 3; y is 0, 1, or 2; z is 0, 1, or 2; and x+y+z is the oxidation state of the metal M. 12. The compound of claim 11, wherein the compound has a formula selected from the group consisting of Ir(LA)3, Ir(LA)(LB)2, Ir(LA)2(LB), Ir(LA)(LB)(LC), wherein LA, LB, and LC are different from each other; or the compound has a formula of Pt(LA)(LB), wherein LA and LB are the same or different. 13. The compound of claim 11, wherein LB and LC are each independently selected from the group consisting of: 14. The compound of claim 10 wherein the compound is the Compound Ax having the formula Ir(LA)3; or the Compound By having the formula Ir(LAi)(LBk)2;
wherein x=i and y=468i+k−468;
wherein i is an integer from 1 to 124 and k is an integer from 1 to 468;
wherein LBk is selected from the group consisting of the following structures: 15. An organic light emitting device (OLED) comprising:
an anode; a cathode; and an organic layer, disposed between the anode and the cathode, comprising a compound comprising a first ligand LA of Formula I or Formula II: 16. The OLED of claim 15, wherein the organic layer further comprises a host, wherein the host comprises at least one chemical group selected from the group consisting of triphenylene, carbazole, dibenzothiphene, dibenzofuran, dibenzoselenophene, azatriphenylene, azacarbazole, aza-dibenzothiophene, aza-dibenzofuran, and aza-dibenzoselenophene. 17. The OLED of claim 16, wherein the host is selected from the group consisting of: 18. A consumer product comprising an organic light-emitting device (OLED) comprising:
an anode; a cathode; and an organic layer, disposed between the anode and the cathode, comprising a compound comprising a first ligand LA of Formula I or Formula II: 19. The consumer product of claim 18, wherein the consumer product is selected from the group consisting of a flat panel display, a computer monitor, a medical monitor, a television, a billboard, a light for interior or exterior illumination and/or signaling, a heads-up display, a fully or partially transparent display, a flexible display, a laser printer, a telephone, a cell phone, tablet, a phablet, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wearable device, a laptop computer, a digital camera, a camcorder, a viewfinder, a micro-display that is less than 2 inches diagonal, a 3-D display, a virtual reality or augmented reality display, a vehicle, a video wall comprising multiple displays tiled together, a theater or stadium screen, a light therapy device, and a sign. 20. A formulation comprising a compound of claim 1. | A compound comprising a first ligand LA of Formula I or Formula II:1. A compound comprising a first ligand LA of Formula I or Formula II: 2. The compound of claim 1, wherein each R, R1, R2, R3, R4 and RA is independently a hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group consisting of deuterium, fluorine, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, boryl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, and combinations thereof. 3. The compound of claim 1, wherein A1 and A2 are each C. 4. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl. 5. The compound of claim 1, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, and aryl. 6. The compound of claim 1, wherein M is Pt, Pd, or Ir. 7. The compound of claim 1, wherein each X1, X2, and X3 is C. 8. The compound of claim 1, wherein at least one of X1, X2, and X3 is N. 9. The compound of claim 1, wherein the first ligand LA is selected from the group consisting of: 10. The compound of claim 1, wherein the first ligand LA is selected from the group consisting of LA1-LA124;
wherein of LA1-LA36 are ligands of Formula III: 11. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound has a formula of M(LA)x(LB)y(LC)z wherein LB and LC are each a bidentate ligand; and wherein x is 1, 2, or 3; y is 0, 1, or 2; z is 0, 1, or 2; and x+y+z is the oxidation state of the metal M. 12. The compound of claim 11, wherein the compound has a formula selected from the group consisting of Ir(LA)3, Ir(LA)(LB)2, Ir(LA)2(LB), Ir(LA)(LB)(LC), wherein LA, LB, and LC are different from each other; or the compound has a formula of Pt(LA)(LB), wherein LA and LB are the same or different. 13. The compound of claim 11, wherein LB and LC are each independently selected from the group consisting of: 14. The compound of claim 10 wherein the compound is the Compound Ax having the formula Ir(LA)3; or the Compound By having the formula Ir(LAi)(LBk)2;
wherein x=i and y=468i+k−468;
wherein i is an integer from 1 to 124 and k is an integer from 1 to 468;
wherein LBk is selected from the group consisting of the following structures: 15. An organic light emitting device (OLED) comprising:
an anode; a cathode; and an organic layer, disposed between the anode and the cathode, comprising a compound comprising a first ligand LA of Formula I or Formula II: 16. The OLED of claim 15, wherein the organic layer further comprises a host, wherein the host comprises at least one chemical group selected from the group consisting of triphenylene, carbazole, dibenzothiphene, dibenzofuran, dibenzoselenophene, azatriphenylene, azacarbazole, aza-dibenzothiophene, aza-dibenzofuran, and aza-dibenzoselenophene. 17. The OLED of claim 16, wherein the host is selected from the group consisting of: 18. A consumer product comprising an organic light-emitting device (OLED) comprising:
an anode; a cathode; and an organic layer, disposed between the anode and the cathode, comprising a compound comprising a first ligand LA of Formula I or Formula II: 19. The consumer product of claim 18, wherein the consumer product is selected from the group consisting of a flat panel display, a computer monitor, a medical monitor, a television, a billboard, a light for interior or exterior illumination and/or signaling, a heads-up display, a fully or partially transparent display, a flexible display, a laser printer, a telephone, a cell phone, tablet, a phablet, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wearable device, a laptop computer, a digital camera, a camcorder, a viewfinder, a micro-display that is less than 2 inches diagonal, a 3-D display, a virtual reality or augmented reality display, a vehicle, a video wall comprising multiple displays tiled together, a theater or stadium screen, a light therapy device, and a sign. 20. A formulation comprising a compound of claim 1. | 2,400 |
349,602 | 350,476 | 16,854,180 | 2,452 | A compound comprising a first ligand LA of Formula I or Formula II: | 1. A compound comprising a first ligand LA of Formula I or Formula II: 2. The compound of claim 1, wherein each R, R1, R2, R3, R4 and RA is independently a hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group consisting of deuterium, fluorine, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, boryl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, and combinations thereof. 3. The compound of claim 1, wherein A1 and A2 are each C. 4. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl. 5. The compound of claim 1, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, and aryl. 6. The compound of claim 1, wherein M is Pt, Pd, or Ir. 7. The compound of claim 1, wherein each X1, X2, and X3 is C. 8. The compound of claim 1, wherein at least one of X1, X2, and X3 is N. 9. The compound of claim 1, wherein the first ligand LA is selected from the group consisting of: 10. The compound of claim 1, wherein the first ligand LA is selected from the group consisting of LA1-LA124;
wherein of LA1-LA36 are ligands of Formula III: 11. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound has a formula of M(LA)x(LB)y(LC)z wherein LB and LC are each a bidentate ligand; and wherein x is 1, 2, or 3; y is 0, 1, or 2; z is 0, 1, or 2; and x+y+z is the oxidation state of the metal M. 12. The compound of claim 11, wherein the compound has a formula selected from the group consisting of Ir(LA)3, Ir(LA)(LB)2, Ir(LA)2(LB), Ir(LA)(LB)(LC), wherein LA, LB, and LC are different from each other; or the compound has a formula of Pt(LA)(LB), wherein LA and LB are the same or different. 13. The compound of claim 11, wherein LB and LC are each independently selected from the group consisting of: 14. The compound of claim 10 wherein the compound is the Compound Ax having the formula Ir(LA)3; or the Compound By having the formula Ir(LAi)(LBk)2;
wherein x=i and y=468i+k−468;
wherein i is an integer from 1 to 124 and k is an integer from 1 to 468;
wherein LBk is selected from the group consisting of the following structures: 15. An organic light emitting device (OLED) comprising:
an anode; a cathode; and an organic layer, disposed between the anode and the cathode, comprising a compound comprising a first ligand LA of Formula I or Formula II: 16. The OLED of claim 15, wherein the organic layer further comprises a host, wherein the host comprises at least one chemical group selected from the group consisting of triphenylene, carbazole, dibenzothiphene, dibenzofuran, dibenzoselenophene, azatriphenylene, azacarbazole, aza-dibenzothiophene, aza-dibenzofuran, and aza-dibenzoselenophene. 17. The OLED of claim 16, wherein the host is selected from the group consisting of: 18. A consumer product comprising an organic light-emitting device (OLED) comprising:
an anode; a cathode; and an organic layer, disposed between the anode and the cathode, comprising a compound comprising a first ligand LA of Formula I or Formula II: 19. The consumer product of claim 18, wherein the consumer product is selected from the group consisting of a flat panel display, a computer monitor, a medical monitor, a television, a billboard, a light for interior or exterior illumination and/or signaling, a heads-up display, a fully or partially transparent display, a flexible display, a laser printer, a telephone, a cell phone, tablet, a phablet, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wearable device, a laptop computer, a digital camera, a camcorder, a viewfinder, a micro-display that is less than 2 inches diagonal, a 3-D display, a virtual reality or augmented reality display, a vehicle, a video wall comprising multiple displays tiled together, a theater or stadium screen, a light therapy device, and a sign. 20. A formulation comprising a compound of claim 1. | A compound comprising a first ligand LA of Formula I or Formula II:1. A compound comprising a first ligand LA of Formula I or Formula II: 2. The compound of claim 1, wherein each R, R1, R2, R3, R4 and RA is independently a hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group consisting of deuterium, fluorine, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, boryl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, and combinations thereof. 3. The compound of claim 1, wherein A1 and A2 are each C. 4. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl. 5. The compound of claim 1, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, and aryl. 6. The compound of claim 1, wherein M is Pt, Pd, or Ir. 7. The compound of claim 1, wherein each X1, X2, and X3 is C. 8. The compound of claim 1, wherein at least one of X1, X2, and X3 is N. 9. The compound of claim 1, wherein the first ligand LA is selected from the group consisting of: 10. The compound of claim 1, wherein the first ligand LA is selected from the group consisting of LA1-LA124;
wherein of LA1-LA36 are ligands of Formula III: 11. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound has a formula of M(LA)x(LB)y(LC)z wherein LB and LC are each a bidentate ligand; and wherein x is 1, 2, or 3; y is 0, 1, or 2; z is 0, 1, or 2; and x+y+z is the oxidation state of the metal M. 12. The compound of claim 11, wherein the compound has a formula selected from the group consisting of Ir(LA)3, Ir(LA)(LB)2, Ir(LA)2(LB), Ir(LA)(LB)(LC), wherein LA, LB, and LC are different from each other; or the compound has a formula of Pt(LA)(LB), wherein LA and LB are the same or different. 13. The compound of claim 11, wherein LB and LC are each independently selected from the group consisting of: 14. The compound of claim 10 wherein the compound is the Compound Ax having the formula Ir(LA)3; or the Compound By having the formula Ir(LAi)(LBk)2;
wherein x=i and y=468i+k−468;
wherein i is an integer from 1 to 124 and k is an integer from 1 to 468;
wherein LBk is selected from the group consisting of the following structures: 15. An organic light emitting device (OLED) comprising:
an anode; a cathode; and an organic layer, disposed between the anode and the cathode, comprising a compound comprising a first ligand LA of Formula I or Formula II: 16. The OLED of claim 15, wherein the organic layer further comprises a host, wherein the host comprises at least one chemical group selected from the group consisting of triphenylene, carbazole, dibenzothiphene, dibenzofuran, dibenzoselenophene, azatriphenylene, azacarbazole, aza-dibenzothiophene, aza-dibenzofuran, and aza-dibenzoselenophene. 17. The OLED of claim 16, wherein the host is selected from the group consisting of: 18. A consumer product comprising an organic light-emitting device (OLED) comprising:
an anode; a cathode; and an organic layer, disposed between the anode and the cathode, comprising a compound comprising a first ligand LA of Formula I or Formula II: 19. The consumer product of claim 18, wherein the consumer product is selected from the group consisting of a flat panel display, a computer monitor, a medical monitor, a television, a billboard, a light for interior or exterior illumination and/or signaling, a heads-up display, a fully or partially transparent display, a flexible display, a laser printer, a telephone, a cell phone, tablet, a phablet, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wearable device, a laptop computer, a digital camera, a camcorder, a viewfinder, a micro-display that is less than 2 inches diagonal, a 3-D display, a virtual reality or augmented reality display, a vehicle, a video wall comprising multiple displays tiled together, a theater or stadium screen, a light therapy device, and a sign. 20. A formulation comprising a compound of claim 1. | 2,400 |
349,603 | 350,477 | 16,854,190 | 2,452 | The methods and compositions described herein relate to producing, expanding, enriching, and/or maintaining hematopoietic stem cells ex vivo by treating the cells with an agent(s) that exhibits two or more activities selected from modulation of histone methylation; inhibition of TGFβ signaling; inhibition of p38 signaling; activation of canonical Wnt signaling; and modulation of histone acetylation. In some embodiments, the technology described herein relates to transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells. | 1. A method of enriching a population of cells with hematopoietic stem cells ex vivo, said method comprising contacting a population of cells with one or more agents that together exhibit the activities of:
a. modulation of histone methylation; b. inhibition of TGFβ signaling; and c. modulation of histone acetylation, 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the population of cells enriched with hematopoietic stem cells exhibits a hematopoietic stem cell functional potential after two or more days that is greater than that of a control population of cells cultured under the same conditions and for the same time as said population of cells but not contacted with said one or more agents. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein said agent that modulates histone methylation is a histone demethylase inhibitor and said agent that inhibits TGFβ signaling is a TGFβ receptor inhibitor. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein said histone demethylase inhibitor is a LSD1 inhibitor. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein said LSD1 inhibitor is LSD1 inhibitor IV RN-1 and said TGFβ receptor inhibitor is ALK5 inhibitor II. 6. The method of claim 4, wherein said LSD1 inhibitor is tranylcypromine and said TGFβ receptor inhibitor is ALK5 inhibitor II. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more agents comprise a combination of agents selected from the combination of agents of Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, Table 5, and Table 6. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein said histone demethylase is LSD1. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein said one or more agents comprise a histone demethylase inhibitor selected from the group consisting of LSD1 inhibitor IV RN-1, LSD1 inhibitor II S2101, LSD1 inhibitor LSD1-C76, LSD1 inhibitor III CBB1007, and LSD1 inhibitor I Tranylcypromine. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein said one or more agents comprise a compound that inhibits a histone deacetylase are selected from the group consisting of Trichostatin A, valproic acid, butyrylhydroxamic acid, and istodax. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein said one or more agents further comprise a compound that inhibits BMP signaling. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein said population of cells is from human cord blood, mobilized peripheral blood, or bone marrow. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the population of cells is additionally contacted with a substance that inhibits aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling, a prostaglandin, an agonist of Notch signaling, or an inhibitor of SIRT1. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the population of cells is additionally contacted with UM171, an analog thereof, or a UM171 analog selected from Table 11. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the population of cells is further contacted with one or more agents that together exhibit the activities of:
inhibition of p38 signaling; or activation of canonical Wnt signaling or promotion of β-catenin degradation. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein said one or more agents comprise an agent that inhibits p38 signaling, and wherein said compound is SB203580. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein said one or more agents comprise a compound that promotes (3-catenin degradation selected from the group consisting of CHIR99021, lithium chloride, BIO, and FGF2. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the population of cells is contacted with the one or more agents simultaneously. 19. A method of treating a recipient with hematopoietic stem cells or progeny thereof, said method comprising:
a. providing a population of cells; b. enriching said population of cells with hematopoietic stem cells according to the method of claim 1; c. optionally differentiating said hematopoietic stem cells into common lymphoid progenitor cells, common myeloid progenitor cells, megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells, granulocyte-megakaryocyte progenitor cells, granulocytes, promyelocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, erythrocytes, reticulocytes, thrombocytes, megakaryoblasts, platelet-producing megakaryocytes, platelets, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, microglia, osteoclasts, and lymphocytes, NK cells, B-cells and/or T-cells; and d. introducing the population of cells enriched with hematopoietic stem cells or progeny thereof into said recipient. | The methods and compositions described herein relate to producing, expanding, enriching, and/or maintaining hematopoietic stem cells ex vivo by treating the cells with an agent(s) that exhibits two or more activities selected from modulation of histone methylation; inhibition of TGFβ signaling; inhibition of p38 signaling; activation of canonical Wnt signaling; and modulation of histone acetylation. In some embodiments, the technology described herein relates to transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells.1. A method of enriching a population of cells with hematopoietic stem cells ex vivo, said method comprising contacting a population of cells with one or more agents that together exhibit the activities of:
a. modulation of histone methylation; b. inhibition of TGFβ signaling; and c. modulation of histone acetylation, 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the population of cells enriched with hematopoietic stem cells exhibits a hematopoietic stem cell functional potential after two or more days that is greater than that of a control population of cells cultured under the same conditions and for the same time as said population of cells but not contacted with said one or more agents. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein said agent that modulates histone methylation is a histone demethylase inhibitor and said agent that inhibits TGFβ signaling is a TGFβ receptor inhibitor. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein said histone demethylase inhibitor is a LSD1 inhibitor. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein said LSD1 inhibitor is LSD1 inhibitor IV RN-1 and said TGFβ receptor inhibitor is ALK5 inhibitor II. 6. The method of claim 4, wherein said LSD1 inhibitor is tranylcypromine and said TGFβ receptor inhibitor is ALK5 inhibitor II. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more agents comprise a combination of agents selected from the combination of agents of Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, Table 5, and Table 6. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein said histone demethylase is LSD1. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein said one or more agents comprise a histone demethylase inhibitor selected from the group consisting of LSD1 inhibitor IV RN-1, LSD1 inhibitor II S2101, LSD1 inhibitor LSD1-C76, LSD1 inhibitor III CBB1007, and LSD1 inhibitor I Tranylcypromine. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein said one or more agents comprise a compound that inhibits a histone deacetylase are selected from the group consisting of Trichostatin A, valproic acid, butyrylhydroxamic acid, and istodax. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein said one or more agents further comprise a compound that inhibits BMP signaling. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein said population of cells is from human cord blood, mobilized peripheral blood, or bone marrow. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the population of cells is additionally contacted with a substance that inhibits aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling, a prostaglandin, an agonist of Notch signaling, or an inhibitor of SIRT1. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the population of cells is additionally contacted with UM171, an analog thereof, or a UM171 analog selected from Table 11. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the population of cells is further contacted with one or more agents that together exhibit the activities of:
inhibition of p38 signaling; or activation of canonical Wnt signaling or promotion of β-catenin degradation. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein said one or more agents comprise an agent that inhibits p38 signaling, and wherein said compound is SB203580. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein said one or more agents comprise a compound that promotes (3-catenin degradation selected from the group consisting of CHIR99021, lithium chloride, BIO, and FGF2. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the population of cells is contacted with the one or more agents simultaneously. 19. A method of treating a recipient with hematopoietic stem cells or progeny thereof, said method comprising:
a. providing a population of cells; b. enriching said population of cells with hematopoietic stem cells according to the method of claim 1; c. optionally differentiating said hematopoietic stem cells into common lymphoid progenitor cells, common myeloid progenitor cells, megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells, granulocyte-megakaryocyte progenitor cells, granulocytes, promyelocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, erythrocytes, reticulocytes, thrombocytes, megakaryoblasts, platelet-producing megakaryocytes, platelets, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, microglia, osteoclasts, and lymphocytes, NK cells, B-cells and/or T-cells; and d. introducing the population of cells enriched with hematopoietic stem cells or progeny thereof into said recipient. | 2,400 |
349,604 | 350,478 | 16,854,183 | 2,452 | An impeller is usable in a variable diameter bioreactor having multiple vessel sections of successively increasing or decreasing volume. The impeller includes an impeller blade extending along an impeller blade axis between first and second axial ends and having opposed impeller blade faces, an impeller blade leading edge, and an impeller blade trailing edge. Each of the leading and trailing edges defines a helix or spiral between the axial ends of the impeller blade. In certain arrangements, the impeller blade is one of at least two impeller blades joined together along an impeller shaft extending axially along the impeller blade axis mentioned, and the helix or spiral has a pitch approximately equal to one half of a length between the first and second axial ends. | 1. An impeller usable in a variable diameter bioreactor having multiple vessel sections of successively increasing or decreasing volume, the impeller comprising:
an impeller blade extending along an impeller blade axis between first and second axial ends and having opposed impeller blade faces, an impeller blade leading edge, and an impeller blade trailing edge; wherein the leading and trailing edges each define a helix or spiral between the first and second axial ends of the impeller blade. 2. The impeller according to claim 1, wherein the impeller blade is one of at least two impeller blades joined together along an axially extending impeller shaft. 3. The impeller according to claim 1, wherein the helix or spiral has a pitch approximately equal to one half of a length between the first and second axial ends. 4. The impeller according to claim 1, wherein the helix or spiral has a pitch higher than one half of a length between the first and second axial ends. 5. The impeller according to claim 1, wherein the helix or spiral has a pitch lower than one half of a length between the first and second axial ends. 6. An impeller usable in a bioreactor, the impeller comprising:
an impeller blade extending along an impeller blade axis between first and second axial ends and having opposed impeller blade faces, an impeller blade leading edge, and an impeller blade trailing edge; wherein the leading and trailing edges each define a helix or spiral between the first and second axial ends of the impeller blade. 7. The impeller according to claim 6, wherein the impeller blade is one of at least two impeller blades joined together along an axially extending impeller shaft. 8. The impeller according to claim 6, wherein the helix or spiral has a pitch approximately equal to one half of a length between the first and second axial ends. 9. The impeller according to claim 6, wherein the helix or spiral has a pitch higher than one half of a length between the first and second axial ends. 10. The impeller according to claim 6, wherein the helix or spiral has a pitch lower than one half of a length between the first and second axial ends. 11. A variable diameter bioreactor arrangement comprising:
a variable diameter bioreactor having multiple vessel sections of successively increasing or decreasing volume; and an impeller having an impeller shaft and an impeller blade extending along the impeller shaft between first and second axial ends of the shaft and having opposed impeller blade faces, an impeller blade leading edge, and an impeller blade trailing edge; wherein the leading and trailing edges each define a helix or spiral between the first and second axial ends of the impeller blade. 12. The variable diameter bioreactor arrangement according to claim 11, wherein the impeller blade is one of at least two impeller blades joined together along the impeller shaft. 13. The variable diameter bioreactor arrangement according to claim 11, wherein the helix or spiral has a pitch approximately equal to one half of a length between the first and second axial ends. 14. The variable diameter bioreactor arrangement according to claim 11, wherein the helix or spiral has a pitch higher than one half of a length between the first and second axial ends. 15. The variable diameter bioreactor arrangement according to claim 11, wherein the helix or spiral has a pitch lower than one half of a length between the first and second axial ends. 16. A process of treating a microorganism culture comprising:
placing a fluid containing the microorganism culture in a variable diameter bioreactor arrangement, including a variable diameter bioreactor having multiple vessel sections of successively increasing or decreasing volume and an impeller having an impeller shaft, an impeller blade extending along the impeller shaft between first and second axial ends of the shaft and including opposed impeller blade faces, an impeller blade leading edge, and an impeller blade trailing edge, with the leading and trailing edges each defining a helix or spiral between the first and second axial ends of the impeller blade; and rotating the impeller in the fluid containing the microorganism culture. 17. The process according to claim 16, wherein the impeller is rotated at a rate of 54-75 rpm. 18. The process according to claim 16, wherein the variable diameter reactor has a 20,000 liter fluid capacity. | An impeller is usable in a variable diameter bioreactor having multiple vessel sections of successively increasing or decreasing volume. The impeller includes an impeller blade extending along an impeller blade axis between first and second axial ends and having opposed impeller blade faces, an impeller blade leading edge, and an impeller blade trailing edge. Each of the leading and trailing edges defines a helix or spiral between the axial ends of the impeller blade. In certain arrangements, the impeller blade is one of at least two impeller blades joined together along an impeller shaft extending axially along the impeller blade axis mentioned, and the helix or spiral has a pitch approximately equal to one half of a length between the first and second axial ends.1. An impeller usable in a variable diameter bioreactor having multiple vessel sections of successively increasing or decreasing volume, the impeller comprising:
an impeller blade extending along an impeller blade axis between first and second axial ends and having opposed impeller blade faces, an impeller blade leading edge, and an impeller blade trailing edge; wherein the leading and trailing edges each define a helix or spiral between the first and second axial ends of the impeller blade. 2. The impeller according to claim 1, wherein the impeller blade is one of at least two impeller blades joined together along an axially extending impeller shaft. 3. The impeller according to claim 1, wherein the helix or spiral has a pitch approximately equal to one half of a length between the first and second axial ends. 4. The impeller according to claim 1, wherein the helix or spiral has a pitch higher than one half of a length between the first and second axial ends. 5. The impeller according to claim 1, wherein the helix or spiral has a pitch lower than one half of a length between the first and second axial ends. 6. An impeller usable in a bioreactor, the impeller comprising:
an impeller blade extending along an impeller blade axis between first and second axial ends and having opposed impeller blade faces, an impeller blade leading edge, and an impeller blade trailing edge; wherein the leading and trailing edges each define a helix or spiral between the first and second axial ends of the impeller blade. 7. The impeller according to claim 6, wherein the impeller blade is one of at least two impeller blades joined together along an axially extending impeller shaft. 8. The impeller according to claim 6, wherein the helix or spiral has a pitch approximately equal to one half of a length between the first and second axial ends. 9. The impeller according to claim 6, wherein the helix or spiral has a pitch higher than one half of a length between the first and second axial ends. 10. The impeller according to claim 6, wherein the helix or spiral has a pitch lower than one half of a length between the first and second axial ends. 11. A variable diameter bioreactor arrangement comprising:
a variable diameter bioreactor having multiple vessel sections of successively increasing or decreasing volume; and an impeller having an impeller shaft and an impeller blade extending along the impeller shaft between first and second axial ends of the shaft and having opposed impeller blade faces, an impeller blade leading edge, and an impeller blade trailing edge; wherein the leading and trailing edges each define a helix or spiral between the first and second axial ends of the impeller blade. 12. The variable diameter bioreactor arrangement according to claim 11, wherein the impeller blade is one of at least two impeller blades joined together along the impeller shaft. 13. The variable diameter bioreactor arrangement according to claim 11, wherein the helix or spiral has a pitch approximately equal to one half of a length between the first and second axial ends. 14. The variable diameter bioreactor arrangement according to claim 11, wherein the helix or spiral has a pitch higher than one half of a length between the first and second axial ends. 15. The variable diameter bioreactor arrangement according to claim 11, wherein the helix or spiral has a pitch lower than one half of a length between the first and second axial ends. 16. A process of treating a microorganism culture comprising:
placing a fluid containing the microorganism culture in a variable diameter bioreactor arrangement, including a variable diameter bioreactor having multiple vessel sections of successively increasing or decreasing volume and an impeller having an impeller shaft, an impeller blade extending along the impeller shaft between first and second axial ends of the shaft and including opposed impeller blade faces, an impeller blade leading edge, and an impeller blade trailing edge, with the leading and trailing edges each defining a helix or spiral between the first and second axial ends of the impeller blade; and rotating the impeller in the fluid containing the microorganism culture. 17. The process according to claim 16, wherein the impeller is rotated at a rate of 54-75 rpm. 18. The process according to claim 16, wherein the variable diameter reactor has a 20,000 liter fluid capacity. | 2,400 |
349,605 | 350,479 | 16,854,178 | 2,452 | Provided is a contents providing system capable of inducing excitement of a spectator in a battle game. One embodiment of the present disclosure is a contents providing system including: an acquisition part acquiring, as player information, at least one of a posture, an amount of activity, and biological information from each of multiple players playing a battle game where multiple events occur simultaneously in one game space; and a processing part processing the player information acquired by the acquisition part into information-for-spectator to be provided for the spectator or an organizer of the battle game. | 1. A contents providing system comprising:
an acquisition part configured to acquire, as player information, at least one of a posture, an amount of activity, and biological information from each of multiple players playing a battle game where multiple events occur simultaneously in one game space; and a processing part configured to process the player information acquired by the acquisition part into information-for-spectator to be provided for a spectator or an organizer of the battle game. 2. The contents providing system according to claim 1,
wherein in the battle game, the multiple players each operate a character in the game space. 3. The contents providing system according to claim 1 further comprising:
an output part configured to generate a play video of the battle game based on the information-for-spectator and to output the play video. 4. A contents providing method comprising:
acquiring, as player information, at least one of a posture, an amount of activity, and biological information from each of multiple players playing a battle game where multiple events occur simultaneously in one game space; and processing the player information, which is acquired, into information-for-spectator to be provided for a spectator or an organizer of the battle game. 5. A contents providing program to make a computer execute a step of processing at least one of a posture, an amount of activity, and biological information into information-for-spectator,
wherein the at least one of the posture, the amount of activity, and the biological information is acquired from each of multiple players playing a battle game where multiple events occur simultaneously in one game space, wherein the information-for-spectator is provided for a spectator or an organizer of the battle game. | Provided is a contents providing system capable of inducing excitement of a spectator in a battle game. One embodiment of the present disclosure is a contents providing system including: an acquisition part acquiring, as player information, at least one of a posture, an amount of activity, and biological information from each of multiple players playing a battle game where multiple events occur simultaneously in one game space; and a processing part processing the player information acquired by the acquisition part into information-for-spectator to be provided for the spectator or an organizer of the battle game.1. A contents providing system comprising:
an acquisition part configured to acquire, as player information, at least one of a posture, an amount of activity, and biological information from each of multiple players playing a battle game where multiple events occur simultaneously in one game space; and a processing part configured to process the player information acquired by the acquisition part into information-for-spectator to be provided for a spectator or an organizer of the battle game. 2. The contents providing system according to claim 1,
wherein in the battle game, the multiple players each operate a character in the game space. 3. The contents providing system according to claim 1 further comprising:
an output part configured to generate a play video of the battle game based on the information-for-spectator and to output the play video. 4. A contents providing method comprising:
acquiring, as player information, at least one of a posture, an amount of activity, and biological information from each of multiple players playing a battle game where multiple events occur simultaneously in one game space; and processing the player information, which is acquired, into information-for-spectator to be provided for a spectator or an organizer of the battle game. 5. A contents providing program to make a computer execute a step of processing at least one of a posture, an amount of activity, and biological information into information-for-spectator,
wherein the at least one of the posture, the amount of activity, and the biological information is acquired from each of multiple players playing a battle game where multiple events occur simultaneously in one game space, wherein the information-for-spectator is provided for a spectator or an organizer of the battle game. | 2,400 |
349,606 | 350,480 | 16,854,203 | 2,452 | A system and method that enables a reliable and consistent testing of ultrasonic cleaning machines comprising of a test sheet preferably used with a frame support. The device and method can be used for verification of performance of ultrasonic cleaning equipment, including detection of non-functioning ultrasonic transducers. | 1. A method of testing operation of an ultrasonic cleaning machine, comprising:
providing a test sheet comprising a substrate and an ink composition disposed on the substrate; disposing the test sheet within the ultrasonic cleaning machine so that the test sheet is positioned in facing relation to ultrasonic transducers of the ultrasonic cleaning machine; and operating the ultrasonic cleaning machine so that visually discernable regions are formed at locations on the test sheet that correspond to operational ones of the ultrasonic transducers. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a color of the ink composition is different from a color of the substrate. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the visually discernable regions result from at least partial removal of the ink composition from the substrate. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the ink composition is blue and the substrate is white. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the visually discernable regions result from degradation of the ink composition. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the visually discernable regions result from change of color of the ink composition. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic cleaning machine is operated for a time of 3 seconds to 20 minutes. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the ink composition is water insoluble. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the test sheet is disposed within the ultrasonic cleaning machine at a location spaced at a distance from a bottom of a tank of the ultrasonic cleaning machine. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the distance is 1/16 inch to 2 inches. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the test sheet is sized so as to be in direct facing relation to all transducers of the ultrasonic cleaning machine. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate is made of plastic, synthetic paper, glass or metal. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate is made of flashspun high-density polyethylene fibers. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the ink composition comprises at least one of proteins, lipids, polysaccharides or combinations thereof, and stabilizers. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the ink composition comprises at least one of graphite, metal, oils or combinations thereof, and stabilizers. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of disposing comprises placing the test sheet below a basket of the ultrasonic cleaning machine. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of disposing comprises placing the test sheet within a frame and disposing the frame within the ultrasonic cleaning machine. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the frame is adjustable in at least one of size or shape. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the frame comprises fastening components that hold the test sheet in the frame. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the fastening components comprise pins, clips or adhesive. 21. A system for testing operation of an ultrasonic cleaning machine, the system comprising:
a test sheet comprising:
a substrate; and
an ink composition disposed on the substrate,
the test sheet being configured for placement in the ultrasonic cleaning machine in facing relation to ultrasonic transducers of the ultrasonic cleaning machine so that operating the ultrasonic cleaning machine results in formation of visually discernable regions at locations on the test sheet that correspond to operational ones of the ultrasonic transducers. 22. The system of claim 21, wherein a color of the ink composition is different from a color of the substrate. 23. The system of claim 21, wherein the visually discernable regions result from at least partial removal of the ink composition from the substrate. 24. The system of claim 23, wherein the ink composition is blue and the substrate is white. 25. The system of claim 21, wherein the visually discernable regions result from degradation of the ink composition. 26. The system of claim 21, wherein the visually discernable regions result from change of color of the ink composition. 27. The system of claim 21, wherein the ink composition is water insoluble. 28. The system of claim 21, wherein the test sheet is sized so as to be in direct facing relation to all transducers of the ultrasonic cleaning machine. 29. The system of claim 21, wherein the substrate is made of plastic, synthetic paper, glass or metal. 30. The system of claim 21, wherein the substrate is made of flashspun high-density polyethylene fibers. 31. The system of claim 21, wherein the ink composition comprises at least one of proteins, lipids, polysaccharides or combinations thereof, and stabilizers. 32. The system of claim 21, wherein the ink composition comprises at least one of graphite, metal, oils or combinations thereof, and stabilizers. 33. The system of claim 21, wherein the test sheet is configured for placement below a basket of the ultrasonic cleaning machine. 34. The system of claim 21, further comprising a frame that holds the test sheet in position within the ultrasonic cleaning machine. 35. The system of claim 34, wherein the frame is adjustable in at least one of size or shape. 36. The system of claim 34, wherein the frame comprises fastening components that hold the test sheet in the frame. 37. The system of claim 36, wherein the fastening components comprise pins, clips or adhesive. | A system and method that enables a reliable and consistent testing of ultrasonic cleaning machines comprising of a test sheet preferably used with a frame support. The device and method can be used for verification of performance of ultrasonic cleaning equipment, including detection of non-functioning ultrasonic transducers.1. A method of testing operation of an ultrasonic cleaning machine, comprising:
providing a test sheet comprising a substrate and an ink composition disposed on the substrate; disposing the test sheet within the ultrasonic cleaning machine so that the test sheet is positioned in facing relation to ultrasonic transducers of the ultrasonic cleaning machine; and operating the ultrasonic cleaning machine so that visually discernable regions are formed at locations on the test sheet that correspond to operational ones of the ultrasonic transducers. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a color of the ink composition is different from a color of the substrate. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the visually discernable regions result from at least partial removal of the ink composition from the substrate. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the ink composition is blue and the substrate is white. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the visually discernable regions result from degradation of the ink composition. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the visually discernable regions result from change of color of the ink composition. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic cleaning machine is operated for a time of 3 seconds to 20 minutes. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the ink composition is water insoluble. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the test sheet is disposed within the ultrasonic cleaning machine at a location spaced at a distance from a bottom of a tank of the ultrasonic cleaning machine. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the distance is 1/16 inch to 2 inches. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the test sheet is sized so as to be in direct facing relation to all transducers of the ultrasonic cleaning machine. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate is made of plastic, synthetic paper, glass or metal. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate is made of flashspun high-density polyethylene fibers. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the ink composition comprises at least one of proteins, lipids, polysaccharides or combinations thereof, and stabilizers. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the ink composition comprises at least one of graphite, metal, oils or combinations thereof, and stabilizers. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of disposing comprises placing the test sheet below a basket of the ultrasonic cleaning machine. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of disposing comprises placing the test sheet within a frame and disposing the frame within the ultrasonic cleaning machine. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the frame is adjustable in at least one of size or shape. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the frame comprises fastening components that hold the test sheet in the frame. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the fastening components comprise pins, clips or adhesive. 21. A system for testing operation of an ultrasonic cleaning machine, the system comprising:
a test sheet comprising:
a substrate; and
an ink composition disposed on the substrate,
the test sheet being configured for placement in the ultrasonic cleaning machine in facing relation to ultrasonic transducers of the ultrasonic cleaning machine so that operating the ultrasonic cleaning machine results in formation of visually discernable regions at locations on the test sheet that correspond to operational ones of the ultrasonic transducers. 22. The system of claim 21, wherein a color of the ink composition is different from a color of the substrate. 23. The system of claim 21, wherein the visually discernable regions result from at least partial removal of the ink composition from the substrate. 24. The system of claim 23, wherein the ink composition is blue and the substrate is white. 25. The system of claim 21, wherein the visually discernable regions result from degradation of the ink composition. 26. The system of claim 21, wherein the visually discernable regions result from change of color of the ink composition. 27. The system of claim 21, wherein the ink composition is water insoluble. 28. The system of claim 21, wherein the test sheet is sized so as to be in direct facing relation to all transducers of the ultrasonic cleaning machine. 29. The system of claim 21, wherein the substrate is made of plastic, synthetic paper, glass or metal. 30. The system of claim 21, wherein the substrate is made of flashspun high-density polyethylene fibers. 31. The system of claim 21, wherein the ink composition comprises at least one of proteins, lipids, polysaccharides or combinations thereof, and stabilizers. 32. The system of claim 21, wherein the ink composition comprises at least one of graphite, metal, oils or combinations thereof, and stabilizers. 33. The system of claim 21, wherein the test sheet is configured for placement below a basket of the ultrasonic cleaning machine. 34. The system of claim 21, further comprising a frame that holds the test sheet in position within the ultrasonic cleaning machine. 35. The system of claim 34, wherein the frame is adjustable in at least one of size or shape. 36. The system of claim 34, wherein the frame comprises fastening components that hold the test sheet in the frame. 37. The system of claim 36, wherein the fastening components comprise pins, clips or adhesive. | 2,400 |
349,607 | 350,481 | 16,854,225 | 2,184 | A SCO containing a single unified motherboard is generally described. The SCO includes a touchscreen display configured to provide a visible display for interaction with a user. The SCO also has a built-in scanning capabilities within the motherboard and connectors to connect to the display and other components of the SCO. The motherboard includes a multicore processor configured to control the scanning, the display and the other components. The scanning capability is configured to scan an item for a symbol, detect the presence of the symbol on the item, identify information on the symbol related to the item, and control the display to display an identity, price of the item, and print a receipt for a customer. | 1. A self-checkout (SCO) comprising:
a touchscreen display configured to provide a visible display for interaction with a user; and a scanner comprising a motherboard and a plurality of connectors to connect to the display and a plurality of other components of the SCO, the motherboard including a multicore processor configured to control the scanner, the display and the other components, the scanner configured to scan an item for a symbol, detect the presence of the symbol on the item, identify information on the symbol related to the item, and control the display to display an identity and price of the item. 2. The SCO of claim 1, wherein the processor comprises a central processing unit connected with a Platform Controller Hub (PCH) via a Direct Media Interface (DMI), the PCH connected with an input/output (I/O) interface via a Low Pin Count (LPC) bus. 3. The SCO of claim 1, wherein the scanner further comprises a plurality of cameras configured to take images through a plurality of windows. 4. The SCO of claim 3, wherein the processor controls the cameras to each provide images at a rate of a 30 frames per second, illumination for the images being synchronized among the cameras. 5. The SCO of claim 3, wherein the connectors comprise USB3 ports, and the processor controls the cameras through the USB3 ports and switch between supplying 5V and 24V to the cameras. 6. The SCO of claim 1, wherein the cores of the processor run an operating system, driver software to drive the components, a POS application, a universal OPOS or JAVA point of sale (POS) scanning software, and code decoding software to decode a code on the symbol once the symbol is detected, a multicore graphics processor being used to run code region finder software to determine where the symbol is located on the item. 7. The SCO of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to detect the presence of the symbol on the item, identify information on the symbol related to the item, and control the display to display an identity and price of the item to no more than about 40 ms. 8. The SCO of claim 1, wherein the connectors comprise ports for a scale display, a speaker output and a Cash Drawer Kick Out (CDKO) port. 9. The SCO of claim 1, wherein the display is a dummy terminal that is controlled by the processor in the scanner and does not have a motherboard. 10. The SCO of claim 1, wherein scanning and point of sale functionality are built into the motherboard. 11. A method of operating a self-checkout (SCO), the method comprising scanning functionality of the SCO:
detecting the presence of an item; detecting the presence of a symbol on the item; determining an identity of the item based on the symbol; obtaining information of the item based on the identity, the information comprising a price of the item; and controlling display of the identity and price of the item on a touchscreen display of the SCO. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
transmitting the identity of the item to a server; and receiving the information from the server in response to transmission of the identity of the item. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein:
the transmission to the server and reception from the server is WiFi-based. 14. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
determining whether payment has been initiated on the touchscreen display after controlling display of the identity and price of the item on the touchscreen display. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein detecting the presence of the item and detecting the presence of the symbol on the item is based on images of the item and the symbol taken by a plurality of cameras of the SCO. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising the scanner controlling the cameras to each provide images at a rate of a 30 frames per second, illumination for the images being synchronized among the cameras. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising the scanner controlling power to the cameras through USB3 ports and switching between supplying 5V and 24V to the cameras. 18. The method of claim 11, further comprising operating multiple cores of a processor on a motherboard that performs the scanning and run an operating system, driver software to drive other components of the SCO external to the motherboard, a POS application, a universal OPOS or JAVA POS scanning software, and code decoding software to decode a code on the symbol once the symbol is detected, and operating multiple cores of a graphics processor to run code region finder software to determine where the symbol is located on the item. 19. The method of claim 11, further comprising limiting detecting the presence of a barcode on the item, extracting the barcode from the scanning, decoding the barcode to find the price of the item within 40 ms, controlling the display to display the identity, and controlling a printer of the SCO to print a receipt. | A SCO containing a single unified motherboard is generally described. The SCO includes a touchscreen display configured to provide a visible display for interaction with a user. The SCO also has a built-in scanning capabilities within the motherboard and connectors to connect to the display and other components of the SCO. The motherboard includes a multicore processor configured to control the scanning, the display and the other components. The scanning capability is configured to scan an item for a symbol, detect the presence of the symbol on the item, identify information on the symbol related to the item, and control the display to display an identity, price of the item, and print a receipt for a customer.1. A self-checkout (SCO) comprising:
a touchscreen display configured to provide a visible display for interaction with a user; and a scanner comprising a motherboard and a plurality of connectors to connect to the display and a plurality of other components of the SCO, the motherboard including a multicore processor configured to control the scanner, the display and the other components, the scanner configured to scan an item for a symbol, detect the presence of the symbol on the item, identify information on the symbol related to the item, and control the display to display an identity and price of the item. 2. The SCO of claim 1, wherein the processor comprises a central processing unit connected with a Platform Controller Hub (PCH) via a Direct Media Interface (DMI), the PCH connected with an input/output (I/O) interface via a Low Pin Count (LPC) bus. 3. The SCO of claim 1, wherein the scanner further comprises a plurality of cameras configured to take images through a plurality of windows. 4. The SCO of claim 3, wherein the processor controls the cameras to each provide images at a rate of a 30 frames per second, illumination for the images being synchronized among the cameras. 5. The SCO of claim 3, wherein the connectors comprise USB3 ports, and the processor controls the cameras through the USB3 ports and switch between supplying 5V and 24V to the cameras. 6. The SCO of claim 1, wherein the cores of the processor run an operating system, driver software to drive the components, a POS application, a universal OPOS or JAVA point of sale (POS) scanning software, and code decoding software to decode a code on the symbol once the symbol is detected, a multicore graphics processor being used to run code region finder software to determine where the symbol is located on the item. 7. The SCO of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to detect the presence of the symbol on the item, identify information on the symbol related to the item, and control the display to display an identity and price of the item to no more than about 40 ms. 8. The SCO of claim 1, wherein the connectors comprise ports for a scale display, a speaker output and a Cash Drawer Kick Out (CDKO) port. 9. The SCO of claim 1, wherein the display is a dummy terminal that is controlled by the processor in the scanner and does not have a motherboard. 10. The SCO of claim 1, wherein scanning and point of sale functionality are built into the motherboard. 11. A method of operating a self-checkout (SCO), the method comprising scanning functionality of the SCO:
detecting the presence of an item; detecting the presence of a symbol on the item; determining an identity of the item based on the symbol; obtaining information of the item based on the identity, the information comprising a price of the item; and controlling display of the identity and price of the item on a touchscreen display of the SCO. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
transmitting the identity of the item to a server; and receiving the information from the server in response to transmission of the identity of the item. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein:
the transmission to the server and reception from the server is WiFi-based. 14. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
determining whether payment has been initiated on the touchscreen display after controlling display of the identity and price of the item on the touchscreen display. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein detecting the presence of the item and detecting the presence of the symbol on the item is based on images of the item and the symbol taken by a plurality of cameras of the SCO. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising the scanner controlling the cameras to each provide images at a rate of a 30 frames per second, illumination for the images being synchronized among the cameras. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising the scanner controlling power to the cameras through USB3 ports and switching between supplying 5V and 24V to the cameras. 18. The method of claim 11, further comprising operating multiple cores of a processor on a motherboard that performs the scanning and run an operating system, driver software to drive other components of the SCO external to the motherboard, a POS application, a universal OPOS or JAVA POS scanning software, and code decoding software to decode a code on the symbol once the symbol is detected, and operating multiple cores of a graphics processor to run code region finder software to determine where the symbol is located on the item. 19. The method of claim 11, further comprising limiting detecting the presence of a barcode on the item, extracting the barcode from the scanning, decoding the barcode to find the price of the item within 40 ms, controlling the display to display the identity, and controlling a printer of the SCO to print a receipt. | 2,100 |
349,608 | 350,482 | 16,854,208 | 2,184 | A lighting apparatus is provided with a housing that includes a rear mounting platform and a partitioning wall extending from the rear mounting platform to form a first cavity and a second cavity within the housing. The lighting apparatus includes a light module mounted on the housing to seal the first cavity, where the light module includes a heat sink located at least partially within the first cavity and at least one LED supported by the heat sink. A battery receptacle is formed within the second cavity, where the battery receptacle is arranged to receive a removable battery pack through a lower open end of the second cavity in a direction parallel to a plane of the rear mounting platform. | 1. A lighting apparatus comprising:
a housing including a rear mounting platform, and a partitioning wall extending from the rear mounting platform to form a first cavity and a second cavity within the housing; a light module mounted on the housing to seal the first cavity, the light module comprising a heat sink located at least partially within the first cavity, and at least one LED supported by the heat sink; and a battery receptacle formed within the second cavity, the battery receptacle being arranged to receive a removable battery pack through a lower open end of the second cavity in a direction parallel to a plane of the rear mounting platform. 2. The lighting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the battery receptacle comprises a terminal block arranged to make electrical contact with terminals of the removeable battery pack, the terminal block being supported by a support wall extending perpendicularly from the partitioning wall along the second cavity. 3. The lighting apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a control board supported adjacent the battery receptacle configured to control supply of electric power from the removable battery pack to the at least one LED. 4. The lighting apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a sensor mounted on a front face of the housing forward of the battery receptacle, the sensor being at least one of a motion sensor or a darkness sensor. 5. The lighting apparatus of claim 4, wherein the light module further comprises a lens covering the at least one LED, the lens being located forward of a plane of the front face of the housing. 6. The lighting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the light module is oriented at an angle of 30 to 60 degrees with respect to the rear mounting platform. 7. The lighting apparatus of claim 6, wherein the heat sink is located at least partially forward of the partitioning wall and intersecting a plane of the partitioning wall. 8. The lighting apparatus of 1, wherein the removeable battery pack is a 20V max power tool battery pack and the at least one LED provides a total light output of approximately 1200 to 2000 lumens. 9. The lighting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the light module comprises a top light cover and a bottom light cover supporting the heat sink, the bottom light cover being coupled to a front face of the housing, the top light cover being mounted on two side walls of the housing and extending proximate an upper portion of the rear mounting platform. 10. The lighting apparatus of claim 9, further comprising a ridge vent formed between a rear edge of the top light cover and the rear mounting platform, the ridge vent allowing flow of air out of the first cavity. 11. The lighting apparatus of claim 10, further comprising a ridge portion extending from the rear mounting platform over the ridge vent substantially parallel to the top light cover. 12. The lighting apparatus of claim 10, further comprising an opening provided between the first cavity and second cavity to allow airflow from the battery receptacle to the first cavity by natural convection. 13. The lighting apparatus of claim 10, further comprising an opening provided proximate the bottom light cover to allow airflow from outside the bottom light cover into the first cavity in thermal contact with the heat sink. 14. A lighting apparatus comprising:
a housing including a rear mounting platform having mounting holes for mounting on a vertical wall; a light module mounted on the housing, the light module comprising a heat sink located at least partially within a cavity of the housing, at least one LED supported by the heat sink, and a lens covering the at least one LED; a battery receptacle formed below the cavity of the housing, the battery receptacle being arranged to receive a removable battery pack through a lower open end thereof in a direction parallel to a plane of the rear mounting platform; and a sensor mounted on a front face of the housing forward of the battery receptacle, the sensor being at least one of a motion sensor or a darkness sensor. 15. The light apparatus of claim 14, further comprising a partitioning wall extending perpendicularly from the rear mounting wall to substantially separate the cavity of the housing from the battery receptacle. 16. The light apparatus of claim 14, wherein the battery receptacle comprises a terminal block arranged to make electrical contact with terminals of the removeable battery pack, the terminal block being supported by a support wall of the housing. 17. The light apparatus of claim 14, further comprising a control board supported adjacent the battery receptacle configured to control supply of electric power from the removable battery pack to the at least one LED. 18. The lighting apparatus of claim 14, wherein the light module comprises a top light cover and a bottom light cover supporting the heat sink, the bottom light cover being coupled to a front face of the housing, the top light cover being mounted on two side walls of the housing and extending proximate an upper portion of the rear mounting platform. 19. The lighting apparatus of claim 18, further comprising a ridge vent formed between a rear edge of the top light cover and the rear mounting platform, the ridge vent allowing flow of air out of the cavity. 20. The lighting apparatus of claim 19, further comprising an opening provided between the cavity and batter receptacle to allow airflow from the battery receptacle to the cavity by natural convection. | A lighting apparatus is provided with a housing that includes a rear mounting platform and a partitioning wall extending from the rear mounting platform to form a first cavity and a second cavity within the housing. The lighting apparatus includes a light module mounted on the housing to seal the first cavity, where the light module includes a heat sink located at least partially within the first cavity and at least one LED supported by the heat sink. A battery receptacle is formed within the second cavity, where the battery receptacle is arranged to receive a removable battery pack through a lower open end of the second cavity in a direction parallel to a plane of the rear mounting platform.1. A lighting apparatus comprising:
a housing including a rear mounting platform, and a partitioning wall extending from the rear mounting platform to form a first cavity and a second cavity within the housing; a light module mounted on the housing to seal the first cavity, the light module comprising a heat sink located at least partially within the first cavity, and at least one LED supported by the heat sink; and a battery receptacle formed within the second cavity, the battery receptacle being arranged to receive a removable battery pack through a lower open end of the second cavity in a direction parallel to a plane of the rear mounting platform. 2. The lighting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the battery receptacle comprises a terminal block arranged to make electrical contact with terminals of the removeable battery pack, the terminal block being supported by a support wall extending perpendicularly from the partitioning wall along the second cavity. 3. The lighting apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a control board supported adjacent the battery receptacle configured to control supply of electric power from the removable battery pack to the at least one LED. 4. The lighting apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a sensor mounted on a front face of the housing forward of the battery receptacle, the sensor being at least one of a motion sensor or a darkness sensor. 5. The lighting apparatus of claim 4, wherein the light module further comprises a lens covering the at least one LED, the lens being located forward of a plane of the front face of the housing. 6. The lighting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the light module is oriented at an angle of 30 to 60 degrees with respect to the rear mounting platform. 7. The lighting apparatus of claim 6, wherein the heat sink is located at least partially forward of the partitioning wall and intersecting a plane of the partitioning wall. 8. The lighting apparatus of 1, wherein the removeable battery pack is a 20V max power tool battery pack and the at least one LED provides a total light output of approximately 1200 to 2000 lumens. 9. The lighting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the light module comprises a top light cover and a bottom light cover supporting the heat sink, the bottom light cover being coupled to a front face of the housing, the top light cover being mounted on two side walls of the housing and extending proximate an upper portion of the rear mounting platform. 10. The lighting apparatus of claim 9, further comprising a ridge vent formed between a rear edge of the top light cover and the rear mounting platform, the ridge vent allowing flow of air out of the first cavity. 11. The lighting apparatus of claim 10, further comprising a ridge portion extending from the rear mounting platform over the ridge vent substantially parallel to the top light cover. 12. The lighting apparatus of claim 10, further comprising an opening provided between the first cavity and second cavity to allow airflow from the battery receptacle to the first cavity by natural convection. 13. The lighting apparatus of claim 10, further comprising an opening provided proximate the bottom light cover to allow airflow from outside the bottom light cover into the first cavity in thermal contact with the heat sink. 14. A lighting apparatus comprising:
a housing including a rear mounting platform having mounting holes for mounting on a vertical wall; a light module mounted on the housing, the light module comprising a heat sink located at least partially within a cavity of the housing, at least one LED supported by the heat sink, and a lens covering the at least one LED; a battery receptacle formed below the cavity of the housing, the battery receptacle being arranged to receive a removable battery pack through a lower open end thereof in a direction parallel to a plane of the rear mounting platform; and a sensor mounted on a front face of the housing forward of the battery receptacle, the sensor being at least one of a motion sensor or a darkness sensor. 15. The light apparatus of claim 14, further comprising a partitioning wall extending perpendicularly from the rear mounting wall to substantially separate the cavity of the housing from the battery receptacle. 16. The light apparatus of claim 14, wherein the battery receptacle comprises a terminal block arranged to make electrical contact with terminals of the removeable battery pack, the terminal block being supported by a support wall of the housing. 17. The light apparatus of claim 14, further comprising a control board supported adjacent the battery receptacle configured to control supply of electric power from the removable battery pack to the at least one LED. 18. The lighting apparatus of claim 14, wherein the light module comprises a top light cover and a bottom light cover supporting the heat sink, the bottom light cover being coupled to a front face of the housing, the top light cover being mounted on two side walls of the housing and extending proximate an upper portion of the rear mounting platform. 19. The lighting apparatus of claim 18, further comprising a ridge vent formed between a rear edge of the top light cover and the rear mounting platform, the ridge vent allowing flow of air out of the cavity. 20. The lighting apparatus of claim 19, further comprising an opening provided between the cavity and batter receptacle to allow airflow from the battery receptacle to the cavity by natural convection. | 2,100 |
349,609 | 350,483 | 16,854,197 | 2,184 | A wheelchair fixing device includes: a belt member having one end wound around a retractor and the other end attachable to a wheelchair or an attachment portion in a vehicle cabin; a lock mechanism provided in the retractor and performing electrical switching between a locked state in which the belt member is disabled to be pulled out and an unlocked state in which the belt member is enabled to be pulled out; and a switching unit switching the lock mechanism to the locked state when the other end of the belt member is attached to the wheelchair or the attachment portion, and switching the lock mechanism to the unlocked state when the other end of the belt member is detached in a stopped state of a vehicle. | 1. A wheelchair fixing device comprising:
a belt member formed in a long shape and having one end wound around a retractor and the other end configured to be attachable to a wheelchair or an attachment portion in a vehicle cabin; a lock mechanism provided in the retractor and performing electrical switching between a locked state in which the belt member is disabled to be pulled out and an unlocked state in which the belt member is enabled to be pulled out; and a switching unit switching the lock mechanism to the locked state when the other end of the belt member is attached to the wheelchair or the attachment portion, and switching the lock mechanism to the unlocked state when the other end of the belt member is detached in a stopped state of a vehicle. 2. The wheelchair fixing device according to claim 1, further comprising an imaging unit capturing an image of an inside of the vehicle cabin including a securing space of the wheelchair, wherein
from the image captured by the imaging unit, the switching unit switches the lock mechanism to the locked state when it is determined that the other end of the belt member is in a state of being attached to the wheelchair, and switches the lock mechanism to the unlocked state when it is determined, from the image, that the other end of the belt member is detached from the wheelchair. 3. The wheelchair fixing device according to claim 2, wherein when the wheelchair is not detected in an image range of the imaging unit, the switching unit switches the lock mechanism to the locked state, and when the wheelchair is detected in the image range of the imaging unit and before the other end of the belt member is attached to the wheelchair, the switching unit switches the lock mechanism to the unlocked state. 4. The wheelchair fixing device according to claim 1, wherein:
the switching unit is provided in the attachment portion; and the lock mechanism is switched to the locked state by the switching unit when the belt member is attached to the attachment portion, and the lock mechanism is switched to the unlocked state by the switching unit when the belt member is detached from the attachment portion. 5. The wheelchair fixing device according to claim 4, wherein:
the attachment portion is provided on an opposite side of the wheelchair from the retractor in a state in which the wheelchair is secured; and the other end of the belt member is attached to the attachment portion in a state in which the belt member is inserted through a frame of the wheelchair. 6. The wheelchair fixing device according to claim 4, wherein an attachment state between the belt member and the attachment portion is releasable in an emergency. 7. The wheelchair fixing device according to claim 6, wherein:
a tongue plate is provided on the other end of the belt member; the attachment portion is a buckle to and from which the tongue plate is attachable and detachable; and the buckle is provided with a release button for detaching the tongue plate. 8. The wheelchair fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the retractor is disposed to an upright member uprightly provided in a vehicle cabin or inside a vehicle seat, the retractor being arranged at a height reachable by a hand of an occupant seated in the wheelchair. | A wheelchair fixing device includes: a belt member having one end wound around a retractor and the other end attachable to a wheelchair or an attachment portion in a vehicle cabin; a lock mechanism provided in the retractor and performing electrical switching between a locked state in which the belt member is disabled to be pulled out and an unlocked state in which the belt member is enabled to be pulled out; and a switching unit switching the lock mechanism to the locked state when the other end of the belt member is attached to the wheelchair or the attachment portion, and switching the lock mechanism to the unlocked state when the other end of the belt member is detached in a stopped state of a vehicle.1. A wheelchair fixing device comprising:
a belt member formed in a long shape and having one end wound around a retractor and the other end configured to be attachable to a wheelchair or an attachment portion in a vehicle cabin; a lock mechanism provided in the retractor and performing electrical switching between a locked state in which the belt member is disabled to be pulled out and an unlocked state in which the belt member is enabled to be pulled out; and a switching unit switching the lock mechanism to the locked state when the other end of the belt member is attached to the wheelchair or the attachment portion, and switching the lock mechanism to the unlocked state when the other end of the belt member is detached in a stopped state of a vehicle. 2. The wheelchair fixing device according to claim 1, further comprising an imaging unit capturing an image of an inside of the vehicle cabin including a securing space of the wheelchair, wherein
from the image captured by the imaging unit, the switching unit switches the lock mechanism to the locked state when it is determined that the other end of the belt member is in a state of being attached to the wheelchair, and switches the lock mechanism to the unlocked state when it is determined, from the image, that the other end of the belt member is detached from the wheelchair. 3. The wheelchair fixing device according to claim 2, wherein when the wheelchair is not detected in an image range of the imaging unit, the switching unit switches the lock mechanism to the locked state, and when the wheelchair is detected in the image range of the imaging unit and before the other end of the belt member is attached to the wheelchair, the switching unit switches the lock mechanism to the unlocked state. 4. The wheelchair fixing device according to claim 1, wherein:
the switching unit is provided in the attachment portion; and the lock mechanism is switched to the locked state by the switching unit when the belt member is attached to the attachment portion, and the lock mechanism is switched to the unlocked state by the switching unit when the belt member is detached from the attachment portion. 5. The wheelchair fixing device according to claim 4, wherein:
the attachment portion is provided on an opposite side of the wheelchair from the retractor in a state in which the wheelchair is secured; and the other end of the belt member is attached to the attachment portion in a state in which the belt member is inserted through a frame of the wheelchair. 6. The wheelchair fixing device according to claim 4, wherein an attachment state between the belt member and the attachment portion is releasable in an emergency. 7. The wheelchair fixing device according to claim 6, wherein:
a tongue plate is provided on the other end of the belt member; the attachment portion is a buckle to and from which the tongue plate is attachable and detachable; and the buckle is provided with a release button for detaching the tongue plate. 8. The wheelchair fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the retractor is disposed to an upright member uprightly provided in a vehicle cabin or inside a vehicle seat, the retractor being arranged at a height reachable by a hand of an occupant seated in the wheelchair. | 2,100 |
349,610 | 350,484 | 16,854,202 | 2,184 | In an autonomous driving control apparatus, a control unit communicable with the memory deter mines, upon execution of the autonomous driving, whether it is necessary to update a primary scheduled travel route for the autonomous vehicle toward a destination in accordance with at least one of failure information about the autonomous vehicle and route condition information indicative of a condition of the primary scheduled travel route. The control unit updates the primary scheduled travel route to a new scheduled travel route in accordance with one or more driving operations executable by the autonomous vehicle upon determination that it is necessary to update the scheduled travel route. The control unit controls the autonomous driving of the autonomous vehicle in accordance with the new scheduled travel route. | 1. An autonomous driving control apparatus for causing an autonomous vehicle to execute autonomous driving, the autonomous driving control apparatus comprising:
a memory; and a control unit communicable with the memory, the control unit being configured to:
determine, upon execution of the autonomous driving, whether it is necessary to update a primary scheduled travel route for the autonomous vehicle toward a destination in accordance with at least one of failure information about the autonomous vehicle and route condition information indicative of a condition of the primary scheduled travel route;
update the primary scheduled travel route to a new scheduled travel route in accordance with one or more driving operations executable by the autonomous vehicle upon determination that it is necessary to update the scheduled travel route; and
control the autonomous driving of the autonomous vehicle in accordance with the new scheduled travel route. 2. The autonomous driving control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the failure information includes a degree of a failure that has occurred in the autonomous vehicle; the control unit is configured to:
determine whether the degree of the failure that has occurred in the autonomous vehicle satisfies a predetermined first criterion condition upon determination that it is necessary to update the primary scheduled travel route in accordance with the failure information about the autonomous vehicle;
update the destination of the new scheduled travel route to a new destination upon determination that the degree of the failure that has occurred in the autonomous vehicle satisfies the predetermined first criterion condition; and
control the autonomous driving of the autonomous vehicle in accordance with the new scheduled travel route to thereby cause the autonomous vehicle to reach the new destination. 3. The autonomous driving control apparatus according to claim 2, wherein:
the control unit is configured to:
determine that the degree of the failure that has occurred in the autonomous vehicle satisfies the predetermined first criterion condition upon determination that the degree of the failure that has occurred in the autonomous vehicle represents that the occurred failure is a persistent failure; and
determine that the degree of the failure that has occurred in the autonomous vehicle fails to satisfy the predetermined first criterion condition upon determination that the degree of the failure that has occurred in the autonomous vehicle represents that the occurred failure is a transient failure. 4. The autonomous driving control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the control unit is configured to:
determine whether a surrounding condition around the autonomous vehicle satisfies a predetermined second criterion condition upon determination that it is necessary to update the primary scheduled travel route in accordance with the route condition information;
update the destination of the new scheduled travel route to a new destination upon determination that the surrounding condition around the autonomous vehicle satisfies the predetermined second criterion condition; and
control the autonomous driving of the autonomous vehicle in accordance with the new scheduled travel route to thereby cause the autonomous vehicle to reach the new destination. 5. The autonomous driving control apparatus according to claim 4, wherein:
the control unit is configured to:
determine that the surrounding condition around the autonomous vehicle satisfies the predetermined second criterion condition upon determination that the surrounding condition represents that there are no other routes that enable the autonomous vehicle to travel to the destination of the primary scheduled travel route; and
determine that the surrounding condition around the autonomous vehicle fails to satisfy the predetermined second criterion condition upon determination that the surrounding condition represents that there is at least one other route that enables the autonomous vehicle to travel to the destination of the primary scheduled travel route. 6. The autonomous driving control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the control unit is configured to determine the one or more driving operations executable by the autonomous vehicle in accordance with the failure information. 7. The autonomous driving control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the one or more driving operations executable by the autonomous vehicle are driving operations; the driving operations executable by the autonomous vehicle have respective priorities; and the control unit is configured to update the scheduled travel route to the new scheduled travel route in accordance with the priorities of the respective driving operations executable by the autonomous vehicle. 8. A method of causing an autonomous vehicle to execute autonomous driving, the method comprising:
determining, upon execution of the autonomous driving, whether it is necessary to update a scheduled travel route for the autonomous vehicle toward a destination in accordance with at least one of failure information about the autonomous vehicle, and route condition information indicative of a condition of the scheduled travel route; updating the scheduled travel route to a new scheduled travel route in accordance with one or more driving operations executable by the autonomous vehicle upon determination that it is necessary to update the scheduled travel route; and controlling the autonomous driving of the autonomous vehicle in accordance with the new scheduled travel route. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein:
the failure information includes a degree of a failure that has occurred in the autonomous vehicle, the method further comprising:
determining whether the degree of the failure that has occurred in the autonomous vehicle satisfies a predetermined first criterion condition upon determination that it is necessary to update the primary scheduled travel route in accordance with the failure information about the autonomous vehicle; and
changing the destination of the new scheduled travel route to a new destination upon determination that the degree of the failure that has occurred in the autonomous vehicle satisfies the predetermined first criterion condition,
the controlling step controlling the autonomous driving of the autonomous vehicle in accordance with the new scheduled travel route to thereby cause the autonomous vehicle to reach the new destination. 10. The method according to claim 8, further comprising:
determining whether a surrounding condition around the autonomous vehicle satisfies a predetermined second criterion condition upon determination that it is necessary to update the primary scheduled travel route in accordance with the route condition information; and changing the destination of the new scheduled travel route to a new destination upon determination that the surrounding condition around the autonomous vehicle satisfies the predetermined second criterion condition, the controlling step controlling the autonomous driving of the autonomous vehicle in accordance with the new scheduled travel route to thereby cause the autonomous vehicle to reach the new destination. 11. An autonomous driving control apparatus for causing an autonomous vehicle to execute autonomous driving, the autonomous driving control apparatus comprising:
a memory; and a control unit communicable with the memory, the control unit being configured to:
receive, upon execution of the autonomous driving, at least one of failure information about the autonomous vehicle and route condition information indicative of a condition of a primary scheduled travel route for the autonomous vehicle toward a destination;
select, upon it being necessary to update the primary scheduled travel route in accordance with the at least one of failure information about the autonomous vehicle and route condition information indicative of the condition of the scheduled travel route, a new scheduled travel route that is different from the primary scheduled travel route, one or more driving operations executable by the autonomous vehicle enabling the autonomous vehicle to travel on the new scheduled travel route; and
control the autonomous driving of the autonomous vehicle to thereby cause the autonomous vehicle to reach the destination. | In an autonomous driving control apparatus, a control unit communicable with the memory deter mines, upon execution of the autonomous driving, whether it is necessary to update a primary scheduled travel route for the autonomous vehicle toward a destination in accordance with at least one of failure information about the autonomous vehicle and route condition information indicative of a condition of the primary scheduled travel route. The control unit updates the primary scheduled travel route to a new scheduled travel route in accordance with one or more driving operations executable by the autonomous vehicle upon determination that it is necessary to update the scheduled travel route. The control unit controls the autonomous driving of the autonomous vehicle in accordance with the new scheduled travel route.1. An autonomous driving control apparatus for causing an autonomous vehicle to execute autonomous driving, the autonomous driving control apparatus comprising:
a memory; and a control unit communicable with the memory, the control unit being configured to:
determine, upon execution of the autonomous driving, whether it is necessary to update a primary scheduled travel route for the autonomous vehicle toward a destination in accordance with at least one of failure information about the autonomous vehicle and route condition information indicative of a condition of the primary scheduled travel route;
update the primary scheduled travel route to a new scheduled travel route in accordance with one or more driving operations executable by the autonomous vehicle upon determination that it is necessary to update the scheduled travel route; and
control the autonomous driving of the autonomous vehicle in accordance with the new scheduled travel route. 2. The autonomous driving control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the failure information includes a degree of a failure that has occurred in the autonomous vehicle; the control unit is configured to:
determine whether the degree of the failure that has occurred in the autonomous vehicle satisfies a predetermined first criterion condition upon determination that it is necessary to update the primary scheduled travel route in accordance with the failure information about the autonomous vehicle;
update the destination of the new scheduled travel route to a new destination upon determination that the degree of the failure that has occurred in the autonomous vehicle satisfies the predetermined first criterion condition; and
control the autonomous driving of the autonomous vehicle in accordance with the new scheduled travel route to thereby cause the autonomous vehicle to reach the new destination. 3. The autonomous driving control apparatus according to claim 2, wherein:
the control unit is configured to:
determine that the degree of the failure that has occurred in the autonomous vehicle satisfies the predetermined first criterion condition upon determination that the degree of the failure that has occurred in the autonomous vehicle represents that the occurred failure is a persistent failure; and
determine that the degree of the failure that has occurred in the autonomous vehicle fails to satisfy the predetermined first criterion condition upon determination that the degree of the failure that has occurred in the autonomous vehicle represents that the occurred failure is a transient failure. 4. The autonomous driving control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the control unit is configured to:
determine whether a surrounding condition around the autonomous vehicle satisfies a predetermined second criterion condition upon determination that it is necessary to update the primary scheduled travel route in accordance with the route condition information;
update the destination of the new scheduled travel route to a new destination upon determination that the surrounding condition around the autonomous vehicle satisfies the predetermined second criterion condition; and
control the autonomous driving of the autonomous vehicle in accordance with the new scheduled travel route to thereby cause the autonomous vehicle to reach the new destination. 5. The autonomous driving control apparatus according to claim 4, wherein:
the control unit is configured to:
determine that the surrounding condition around the autonomous vehicle satisfies the predetermined second criterion condition upon determination that the surrounding condition represents that there are no other routes that enable the autonomous vehicle to travel to the destination of the primary scheduled travel route; and
determine that the surrounding condition around the autonomous vehicle fails to satisfy the predetermined second criterion condition upon determination that the surrounding condition represents that there is at least one other route that enables the autonomous vehicle to travel to the destination of the primary scheduled travel route. 6. The autonomous driving control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the control unit is configured to determine the one or more driving operations executable by the autonomous vehicle in accordance with the failure information. 7. The autonomous driving control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the one or more driving operations executable by the autonomous vehicle are driving operations; the driving operations executable by the autonomous vehicle have respective priorities; and the control unit is configured to update the scheduled travel route to the new scheduled travel route in accordance with the priorities of the respective driving operations executable by the autonomous vehicle. 8. A method of causing an autonomous vehicle to execute autonomous driving, the method comprising:
determining, upon execution of the autonomous driving, whether it is necessary to update a scheduled travel route for the autonomous vehicle toward a destination in accordance with at least one of failure information about the autonomous vehicle, and route condition information indicative of a condition of the scheduled travel route; updating the scheduled travel route to a new scheduled travel route in accordance with one or more driving operations executable by the autonomous vehicle upon determination that it is necessary to update the scheduled travel route; and controlling the autonomous driving of the autonomous vehicle in accordance with the new scheduled travel route. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein:
the failure information includes a degree of a failure that has occurred in the autonomous vehicle, the method further comprising:
determining whether the degree of the failure that has occurred in the autonomous vehicle satisfies a predetermined first criterion condition upon determination that it is necessary to update the primary scheduled travel route in accordance with the failure information about the autonomous vehicle; and
changing the destination of the new scheduled travel route to a new destination upon determination that the degree of the failure that has occurred in the autonomous vehicle satisfies the predetermined first criterion condition,
the controlling step controlling the autonomous driving of the autonomous vehicle in accordance with the new scheduled travel route to thereby cause the autonomous vehicle to reach the new destination. 10. The method according to claim 8, further comprising:
determining whether a surrounding condition around the autonomous vehicle satisfies a predetermined second criterion condition upon determination that it is necessary to update the primary scheduled travel route in accordance with the route condition information; and changing the destination of the new scheduled travel route to a new destination upon determination that the surrounding condition around the autonomous vehicle satisfies the predetermined second criterion condition, the controlling step controlling the autonomous driving of the autonomous vehicle in accordance with the new scheduled travel route to thereby cause the autonomous vehicle to reach the new destination. 11. An autonomous driving control apparatus for causing an autonomous vehicle to execute autonomous driving, the autonomous driving control apparatus comprising:
a memory; and a control unit communicable with the memory, the control unit being configured to:
receive, upon execution of the autonomous driving, at least one of failure information about the autonomous vehicle and route condition information indicative of a condition of a primary scheduled travel route for the autonomous vehicle toward a destination;
select, upon it being necessary to update the primary scheduled travel route in accordance with the at least one of failure information about the autonomous vehicle and route condition information indicative of the condition of the scheduled travel route, a new scheduled travel route that is different from the primary scheduled travel route, one or more driving operations executable by the autonomous vehicle enabling the autonomous vehicle to travel on the new scheduled travel route; and
control the autonomous driving of the autonomous vehicle to thereby cause the autonomous vehicle to reach the destination. | 2,100 |
349,611 | 350,485 | 16,854,192 | 2,184 | The disclosure relates to a road finishing machine comprising a paving screed for the production of a new road pavement layer of a paving material and a unit provided on the road finishing machine to generate a dynamic compacting specification field based on thermographic geosignals with regard to at least one temperature image that exists behind the paving screed of the road finishing machine for at least one surface section of the newly installed road pavement layer. An information indication unit provided on the road finishing machine is configured to display at last one compacting message that is at least partially based on the compacting specification field to an operator of at least one compacting vehicle that follows behind the road finishing machine for compacting of the newly installed road pavement layer. | 1. A road finishing machine comprising:
a paving screed to install a new road pavement layer of a paving material; a unit for generating a dynamic compacting specification field based on thermographic geosignals with regard to at least one temperature image that exists behind the paving screed of the road finishing machine for at least one surface section of the newly installed road pavement layer; and an information indication unit provided on a portion of the road finishing machine to display at least one compacting message at least partially on the basis of the compacting specification field to an operator of at least one compacting vehicle that follows behind the road finishing machine to compact the newly installed road pavement layer, wherein the information indication unit comprises a projection unit that is formed to project the at least one compacting message at least in sections onto the newly installed road pavement layer behind the paving screed, or the information unit comprises an uncoiling unit with at least one coiling element, wherein the uncoiling unit is formed to drag the at least one coiling element behind or next to the paving screed as an indicator with a varying length on behalf of the generated compacting specification field. 2. The road finishing machine according to claim 1 wherein a value specification comprising a maximum and/or a minimum compacting temperature is deposited in the unit for generating the dynamic compacting specification field, wherein the unit for generating the dynamic compacting specification field is configured to determine a minimum distance and/or a maximum distance, based on a comparison of the value specification with the thermographic geosignals for the compacting specification field, that the compacting vehicle should maintain behind the road finishing machine. 3. The road finishing machine according to claim 2 wherein the minimum distance and/or the maximum distance can be displayed on the information indication unit as a compacting message in a meter and/or foot format. 4. The road finishing machine according to claim 1 wherein the information indication unit comprises the projection unit. 5. The road finishing machine according to claim 4 wherein the projection unit comprises at least one laser that is formed to project at least one line and/or a reproduction of the compacting specification field as a compacting message onto the newly installed road pavement layer. 6. The road finishing machine according to claim 1 wherein the information indication unit comprises the uncoiling unit. 7. The road finishing machine according to claim 1 wherein the road finishing machine comprises a measurement unit that is configured to record a distance to the at least one following compacting vehicle and to take into account a comparison of the recorded distance with the compacting specification field for the generation of the at least one compacting message. 8. The road finishing machine according to claim 1 wherein the information indication unit comprises a signal lamp that is configured to send out a visual signal as a compacting message. 9. The road finishing machine according to claim 1 wherein the unit for generating the dynamic compacting specification field is configured to generate the dynamic compacting specification field such that the compacting specification field is divided into several temperature zones for different temperature images behind the paving screed. 10. The road finishing machine according to claim 1 wherein the information indication unit is fixed on a roof structure of the road finishing machine. 11. The road finishing machine according to claim 1 wherein the road finishing machine comprises a thermography module for generating the thermographic geosignals with regard to the at least one temperature image that exists behind the paving screed of the road finishing machine. 12. The road finishing machine according to claim 11 wherein the unit for generating the dynamic compacting specification field is disposed within a housing of the thermography module. 13. The road finishing machine according to claim 1 wherein the unit for generating the dynamic compacting specification field is configured to generate the compacting specification field such that the compacting specification field includes information that assigns to at least one point within the compacting specification field a favorable compacting time at which the at least one point has an optimal compacting temperature. 14. A method for installing a road pavement layer by means of a road finishing machine, the method comprising:
displaying at least one compacting message by an information indication unit, which is provided on the road finishing machine, to an operator of at least one compacting vehicle that drives behind the road finishing machine to compact the road pavement layer installed by the road finishing machine; wherein the information indication unit comprises a projection unit that projects the at least one compacting message at least in sections onto the newly installed road pavement layer behind the paving screed, or the information unit comprises an uncoiling unit with at least one coiling element, wherein the uncoiling unit drags the at least one coiling element behind or next to the paving screed as an indicator with a varying length on behalf of the generated compacting specification field. 15. The method according to claim 14 wherein the at least one compacting message is displayed based on a compacting specification field that is generated using thermographic geosignals with regard to at least one temperature image that exists behind a paving screed of the road finishing machine for at least one surface section of the installed road pavement layer. | The disclosure relates to a road finishing machine comprising a paving screed for the production of a new road pavement layer of a paving material and a unit provided on the road finishing machine to generate a dynamic compacting specification field based on thermographic geosignals with regard to at least one temperature image that exists behind the paving screed of the road finishing machine for at least one surface section of the newly installed road pavement layer. An information indication unit provided on the road finishing machine is configured to display at last one compacting message that is at least partially based on the compacting specification field to an operator of at least one compacting vehicle that follows behind the road finishing machine for compacting of the newly installed road pavement layer.1. A road finishing machine comprising:
a paving screed to install a new road pavement layer of a paving material; a unit for generating a dynamic compacting specification field based on thermographic geosignals with regard to at least one temperature image that exists behind the paving screed of the road finishing machine for at least one surface section of the newly installed road pavement layer; and an information indication unit provided on a portion of the road finishing machine to display at least one compacting message at least partially on the basis of the compacting specification field to an operator of at least one compacting vehicle that follows behind the road finishing machine to compact the newly installed road pavement layer, wherein the information indication unit comprises a projection unit that is formed to project the at least one compacting message at least in sections onto the newly installed road pavement layer behind the paving screed, or the information unit comprises an uncoiling unit with at least one coiling element, wherein the uncoiling unit is formed to drag the at least one coiling element behind or next to the paving screed as an indicator with a varying length on behalf of the generated compacting specification field. 2. The road finishing machine according to claim 1 wherein a value specification comprising a maximum and/or a minimum compacting temperature is deposited in the unit for generating the dynamic compacting specification field, wherein the unit for generating the dynamic compacting specification field is configured to determine a minimum distance and/or a maximum distance, based on a comparison of the value specification with the thermographic geosignals for the compacting specification field, that the compacting vehicle should maintain behind the road finishing machine. 3. The road finishing machine according to claim 2 wherein the minimum distance and/or the maximum distance can be displayed on the information indication unit as a compacting message in a meter and/or foot format. 4. The road finishing machine according to claim 1 wherein the information indication unit comprises the projection unit. 5. The road finishing machine according to claim 4 wherein the projection unit comprises at least one laser that is formed to project at least one line and/or a reproduction of the compacting specification field as a compacting message onto the newly installed road pavement layer. 6. The road finishing machine according to claim 1 wherein the information indication unit comprises the uncoiling unit. 7. The road finishing machine according to claim 1 wherein the road finishing machine comprises a measurement unit that is configured to record a distance to the at least one following compacting vehicle and to take into account a comparison of the recorded distance with the compacting specification field for the generation of the at least one compacting message. 8. The road finishing machine according to claim 1 wherein the information indication unit comprises a signal lamp that is configured to send out a visual signal as a compacting message. 9. The road finishing machine according to claim 1 wherein the unit for generating the dynamic compacting specification field is configured to generate the dynamic compacting specification field such that the compacting specification field is divided into several temperature zones for different temperature images behind the paving screed. 10. The road finishing machine according to claim 1 wherein the information indication unit is fixed on a roof structure of the road finishing machine. 11. The road finishing machine according to claim 1 wherein the road finishing machine comprises a thermography module for generating the thermographic geosignals with regard to the at least one temperature image that exists behind the paving screed of the road finishing machine. 12. The road finishing machine according to claim 11 wherein the unit for generating the dynamic compacting specification field is disposed within a housing of the thermography module. 13. The road finishing machine according to claim 1 wherein the unit for generating the dynamic compacting specification field is configured to generate the compacting specification field such that the compacting specification field includes information that assigns to at least one point within the compacting specification field a favorable compacting time at which the at least one point has an optimal compacting temperature. 14. A method for installing a road pavement layer by means of a road finishing machine, the method comprising:
displaying at least one compacting message by an information indication unit, which is provided on the road finishing machine, to an operator of at least one compacting vehicle that drives behind the road finishing machine to compact the road pavement layer installed by the road finishing machine; wherein the information indication unit comprises a projection unit that projects the at least one compacting message at least in sections onto the newly installed road pavement layer behind the paving screed, or the information unit comprises an uncoiling unit with at least one coiling element, wherein the uncoiling unit drags the at least one coiling element behind or next to the paving screed as an indicator with a varying length on behalf of the generated compacting specification field. 15. The method according to claim 14 wherein the at least one compacting message is displayed based on a compacting specification field that is generated using thermographic geosignals with regard to at least one temperature image that exists behind a paving screed of the road finishing machine for at least one surface section of the installed road pavement layer. | 2,100 |
349,612 | 350,486 | 16,854,199 | 2,184 | A method for manufacturing a metal plate member includes stacking first and second metal plates with a resin adhesive interposed between the first and second metal plates, subjecting the stacked first and second metal plates to press forming, and curing the resin adhesive after the press forming. | 1. A method for manufacturing a metal plate member, the method comprising:
stacking first and second metal plates with a resin adhesive interposed between the first and second metal plates; subjecting the stacked first and second metal plates to press forming; and curing the resin adhesive after the press forming. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the resin adhesive is any one of an epoxy resin-based adhesive, a urethane resin-based adhesive, and an acrylic resin-based adhesive. 3. A method for manufacturing a vehicle body, the method comprising:
employing, for a cabin of the vehicle body, a first metal plate member in which a first metal plate and a second metal plate are joined to each other, the first metal plate member being obtained by stacking the first metal plate and the second metal plate with a first resin adhesive interposed between the first metal plate and the second metal plate and subjecting the first metal plate and the second metal plate to press forming; and employing, for a crushable zone of the vehicle body, a second metal plate member in which a third metal plate and a fourth metal plate are joined to each other, the second metal plate member being obtained by stacking the third metal plate and the fourth metal plate with a second resin adhesive interposed between the third metal plate and the fourth metal plate and subjecting the third metal plate and the fourth metal plate to press forming, the second resin adhesive having lower shear strength after curing than the first resin adhesive. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein:
the first resin adhesive is an epoxy resin-based adhesive; and the second resin adhesive is a urethane resin-based adhesive or an acrylic resin-based adhesive. | A method for manufacturing a metal plate member includes stacking first and second metal plates with a resin adhesive interposed between the first and second metal plates, subjecting the stacked first and second metal plates to press forming, and curing the resin adhesive after the press forming.1. A method for manufacturing a metal plate member, the method comprising:
stacking first and second metal plates with a resin adhesive interposed between the first and second metal plates; subjecting the stacked first and second metal plates to press forming; and curing the resin adhesive after the press forming. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the resin adhesive is any one of an epoxy resin-based adhesive, a urethane resin-based adhesive, and an acrylic resin-based adhesive. 3. A method for manufacturing a vehicle body, the method comprising:
employing, for a cabin of the vehicle body, a first metal plate member in which a first metal plate and a second metal plate are joined to each other, the first metal plate member being obtained by stacking the first metal plate and the second metal plate with a first resin adhesive interposed between the first metal plate and the second metal plate and subjecting the first metal plate and the second metal plate to press forming; and employing, for a crushable zone of the vehicle body, a second metal plate member in which a third metal plate and a fourth metal plate are joined to each other, the second metal plate member being obtained by stacking the third metal plate and the fourth metal plate with a second resin adhesive interposed between the third metal plate and the fourth metal plate and subjecting the third metal plate and the fourth metal plate to press forming, the second resin adhesive having lower shear strength after curing than the first resin adhesive. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein:
the first resin adhesive is an epoxy resin-based adhesive; and the second resin adhesive is a urethane resin-based adhesive or an acrylic resin-based adhesive. | 2,100 |
349,613 | 350,487 | 16,854,136 | 2,184 | A porous mirror (1) for detection of an analyte (96) in a fluid (99) by optical probing, comprising a translucent slab (2) with a front side (3), and a backside (4) facing away from the front side (3), wherein the front side (3) is adapted for being contacted with a fluid (99), and a reflective layer (5) at the front side (3) of the translucent slab (2), the reflective layer (5) being adapted to reflect light reaching the reflective layer from the backside (4) of the translucent slab (2), wherein the translucent slab (2) comprises pores (6), wherein the pores (6) are dead end pores (6) extending from respective openings (7) at the front side (3) into the translucent slab (2), through the reflective layer (5), wherein a cross-sectional dimension of the openings (7) of the pores (6) is dimensioned so as to prevent larger particles or debris, if any included the fluid, from entering the pores (6), while allowing the analyte (96) in the fluid (99) to enter the pores (6) via diffusion. | 1-16. (canceled) 17. A device for detecting an analyte in a fluid comprising
a porous mirror comprising:
a translucent slab with a front side, and a backside facing away from the front side, wherein the front side is in contact with a fluid chamber;
a reflective layer at the front side of the translucent slab, which reflects light reaching the reflective layer from the backside of the translucent slab;
wherein the translucent slab comprises pores, wherein the pores are dead end pores extending from respective openings at the front side into the translucent slab, through the reflective layer;
a light source, to illuminate at least the pores in the translucent slab; and
a light detector, wherein the detector is arranged to receive light emerging from the pores in response to an illumination by the light source, and wherein the detector generates a signal representative of the detected light. 18. The device of claim 17, wherein the fluid chamber comprises an inlet and outlet port for feeding and discharging the fluid. 19. The device of claim 17, further comprising one or more further detectors. 20. The device of claim 17, wherein a cross-sectional dimension of the openings of the pores is about 1 μm or less and/or wherein a length of the pores in an axial direction along the pores is less than 100 μm. 21. The device of claim 17, wherein a porosity of a given volume of the translucent slab comprising pores is between 50% and 5% by volume. 22. The device of claim 17, wherein an equivalent pore volume depth (DELTA) is less than 20 μm, wherein the equivalent pore volume depth (DELTA) is defined as the total volume of the pores (V) divided by the front side area (A) over which the openings of the pores are distributed. 23. The device of claim 17, wherein an inner wall surface of the pores is coated with a hydrophilic coating. 24. The device of claim 17, wherein the translucent slab is provided with further reflective elements arranged inside the pores, in a mouth portion thereof, adjacent to the opening at the front side of the translucent slab. 25. The device of claim 24, wherein the further reflective elements are provided as a reflective coating covering only a fraction of the circumference of the mouth portion of the pores in the vicinity of the opening, wherein the fraction is about 70% or less. 26. The device of claim 17, wherein a transparent backing side of the translucent slab is provided with a 60° angled surface to minimize the effect of the shift in refractive index between outside air and the transparent backing slide. 27. The device of claim 17, wherein the pores are track-etched in the translucent slab and reflective layer. 28. The device of claim 17, wherein the pores are rinsed by diffusion. 29. The device of claim 17, wherein the translucent slab is made of a transparent polymer. 30. The device of claim 17, wherein a cross-sectional dimension of the openings of the pores is about 500 nm or less and/or wherein a length of the pores in an axial direction along the pores is less than 50 μm. 31. The device of claim 17, wherein a porosity of a given volume of the translucent slab comprising pores is between 30% and 10% by volume. 32. The device of claim 17, wherein an equivalent pore volume depth (DELTA) is less than 10 μm, wherein the equivalent pore volume depth (DELTA) is defined as the total volume of the pores (V) divided by the front side area (A) over which the openings of the pores are distributed. 33. The device of claim 24, wherein the further reflective elements are provided as a reflective coating covering only a fraction of the circumference of the mouth portion of the pores in the vicinity of the opening, wherein the fraction is about 50% or less. 34. The device of claim 17, wherein the pores are track-etched pores. 35. The device of claim 34, wherein the translucent slab is made of a transparent polymer. 36. The device of claim 17, wherein the fluid is a whole blood sample, the plasma fraction of whole blood, spinal cord fluid, urine, pleura, ascites, wastewater, a pre-prepared fluid for any kind of injection, a fluid with a constituent detectable by spectroscopy, or a gas. 37. The device of claim 17, wherein the reflective layer is made of metal. 38. A method for optically detecting an analyte in a fluid comprising
providing the device according to claim 17, contacting the porous mirror with a reference liquid so as to fill the pores with the reference liquid, contacting the front side of the porous mirror with the fluid, waiting for a diffusion time to allow for diffusion of the analyte in the fluid into the pores to stabilize, optically probing the fluid inside the pores from the side of the reflective layer, and based on the result of the optical probing, establishing an analyte level of the fluid. 39. The method according to claim 38, wherein the analyte is bilirubin, carbon dioxide, Patent Blue V, or methylene blue and the fluid is whole blood. 40. The method according to claim 38, wherein the fluid is a whole blood sample, the plasma fraction of whole blood, spinal cord fluid, urine, pleura, ascites, wastewater, a pre-prepared fluid for any kind of injection, a fluid with a constituent detectable by spectroscopy, or a gas. | A porous mirror (1) for detection of an analyte (96) in a fluid (99) by optical probing, comprising a translucent slab (2) with a front side (3), and a backside (4) facing away from the front side (3), wherein the front side (3) is adapted for being contacted with a fluid (99), and a reflective layer (5) at the front side (3) of the translucent slab (2), the reflective layer (5) being adapted to reflect light reaching the reflective layer from the backside (4) of the translucent slab (2), wherein the translucent slab (2) comprises pores (6), wherein the pores (6) are dead end pores (6) extending from respective openings (7) at the front side (3) into the translucent slab (2), through the reflective layer (5), wherein a cross-sectional dimension of the openings (7) of the pores (6) is dimensioned so as to prevent larger particles or debris, if any included the fluid, from entering the pores (6), while allowing the analyte (96) in the fluid (99) to enter the pores (6) via diffusion.1-16. (canceled) 17. A device for detecting an analyte in a fluid comprising
a porous mirror comprising:
a translucent slab with a front side, and a backside facing away from the front side, wherein the front side is in contact with a fluid chamber;
a reflective layer at the front side of the translucent slab, which reflects light reaching the reflective layer from the backside of the translucent slab;
wherein the translucent slab comprises pores, wherein the pores are dead end pores extending from respective openings at the front side into the translucent slab, through the reflective layer;
a light source, to illuminate at least the pores in the translucent slab; and
a light detector, wherein the detector is arranged to receive light emerging from the pores in response to an illumination by the light source, and wherein the detector generates a signal representative of the detected light. 18. The device of claim 17, wherein the fluid chamber comprises an inlet and outlet port for feeding and discharging the fluid. 19. The device of claim 17, further comprising one or more further detectors. 20. The device of claim 17, wherein a cross-sectional dimension of the openings of the pores is about 1 μm or less and/or wherein a length of the pores in an axial direction along the pores is less than 100 μm. 21. The device of claim 17, wherein a porosity of a given volume of the translucent slab comprising pores is between 50% and 5% by volume. 22. The device of claim 17, wherein an equivalent pore volume depth (DELTA) is less than 20 μm, wherein the equivalent pore volume depth (DELTA) is defined as the total volume of the pores (V) divided by the front side area (A) over which the openings of the pores are distributed. 23. The device of claim 17, wherein an inner wall surface of the pores is coated with a hydrophilic coating. 24. The device of claim 17, wherein the translucent slab is provided with further reflective elements arranged inside the pores, in a mouth portion thereof, adjacent to the opening at the front side of the translucent slab. 25. The device of claim 24, wherein the further reflective elements are provided as a reflective coating covering only a fraction of the circumference of the mouth portion of the pores in the vicinity of the opening, wherein the fraction is about 70% or less. 26. The device of claim 17, wherein a transparent backing side of the translucent slab is provided with a 60° angled surface to minimize the effect of the shift in refractive index between outside air and the transparent backing slide. 27. The device of claim 17, wherein the pores are track-etched in the translucent slab and reflective layer. 28. The device of claim 17, wherein the pores are rinsed by diffusion. 29. The device of claim 17, wherein the translucent slab is made of a transparent polymer. 30. The device of claim 17, wherein a cross-sectional dimension of the openings of the pores is about 500 nm or less and/or wherein a length of the pores in an axial direction along the pores is less than 50 μm. 31. The device of claim 17, wherein a porosity of a given volume of the translucent slab comprising pores is between 30% and 10% by volume. 32. The device of claim 17, wherein an equivalent pore volume depth (DELTA) is less than 10 μm, wherein the equivalent pore volume depth (DELTA) is defined as the total volume of the pores (V) divided by the front side area (A) over which the openings of the pores are distributed. 33. The device of claim 24, wherein the further reflective elements are provided as a reflective coating covering only a fraction of the circumference of the mouth portion of the pores in the vicinity of the opening, wherein the fraction is about 50% or less. 34. The device of claim 17, wherein the pores are track-etched pores. 35. The device of claim 34, wherein the translucent slab is made of a transparent polymer. 36. The device of claim 17, wherein the fluid is a whole blood sample, the plasma fraction of whole blood, spinal cord fluid, urine, pleura, ascites, wastewater, a pre-prepared fluid for any kind of injection, a fluid with a constituent detectable by spectroscopy, or a gas. 37. The device of claim 17, wherein the reflective layer is made of metal. 38. A method for optically detecting an analyte in a fluid comprising
providing the device according to claim 17, contacting the porous mirror with a reference liquid so as to fill the pores with the reference liquid, contacting the front side of the porous mirror with the fluid, waiting for a diffusion time to allow for diffusion of the analyte in the fluid into the pores to stabilize, optically probing the fluid inside the pores from the side of the reflective layer, and based on the result of the optical probing, establishing an analyte level of the fluid. 39. The method according to claim 38, wherein the analyte is bilirubin, carbon dioxide, Patent Blue V, or methylene blue and the fluid is whole blood. 40. The method according to claim 38, wherein the fluid is a whole blood sample, the plasma fraction of whole blood, spinal cord fluid, urine, pleura, ascites, wastewater, a pre-prepared fluid for any kind of injection, a fluid with a constituent detectable by spectroscopy, or a gas. | 2,100 |
349,614 | 350,488 | 16,854,198 | 2,184 | A system and method for controlling a hybrid electric vehicle using a driving tendency are provided. The method includes determining a driving tendency level based on data to determine a driving tendency of a driver and determining a target engine torque using an engine torque map based on a vehicle speed and a required torque. Whether the driving tendency level corresponds to a predetermined level is determined as well as whether the required torque is equal to or greater than a torque that corresponds to an optimal operating point of an engine when the driving tendency level corresponds to the predetermined level. The target engine torque is then adjusted when the required torque is equal to or greater than the torque that corresponds to the optimal operating point of the engine. | 1-6. (canceled) 7. A method for controlling a hybrid electric vehicle using a driving tendency, comprising:
determining, by the controller, a driving tendency level based on data to determine a driving tendency of a driver; setting, by the controller, a shift pattern based on the driving tendency level; and performing, by the controller, a shift control based on the shift pattern. 8. The method for controlling a hybrid electric vehicle using a driving tendency of claim 7, wherein the driving tendency level is any one of a mild level, a normal level, an aggressive level, and a racer level, and the shift pattern is any one of a mild shift pattern that corresponds to the mild level, a normal shift pattern that corresponds to the normal level, an aggressive shift pattern that corresponds to the aggressive level, and a racer shift pattern that corresponds to the racer level. 9. The method for controlling a hybrid electric vehicle using a driving tendency of claim 7, further comprising:
setting, by the controller, a creep torque map based on the driving tendency level; and performing, by the controller, a creep torque control using the creep torque map based on a vehicle speed and a shift stage, wherein the shift stage is determined based on the shift pattern. 10. A method for controlling a hybrid electric vehicle using a driving tendency, comprising:
determining, by the controller, a driving tendency level based on data to determine a driving tendency of a driver; determining, by the controller, whether an engine start condition is satisfied in a state in which an engine is stopped; and performing, by the controller, an engine start control when the engine start condition is satisfied, wherein the engine start condition is satisfied when power required by the driver is equal to or greater than a first threshold value, and the first threshold value is set based on the driving tendency level. 11. The method for controlling a hybrid electric vehicle using a driving tendency of claim 10, wherein the engine start condition is satisfied when accumulated driving energy is equal to or greater than a second threshold value, the accumulated driving energy is calculated based on required power during a predetermined time in a section in which a change rate of a position value of an accelerator pedal is a positive value, and the second threshold value is set based on the driving tendency level. 12. The method for controlling a hybrid electric vehicle using a driving tendency of claim 10, further comprising:
determining, by the controller, whether an engine stop condition is satisfied in a state in which the engine starts; and performing, by the controller, an engine stop control when the engine stop condition is satisfied, wherein the engine stop condition is satisfied when power required by the driver is less than or equal to a third threshold value, and the third threshold value is set based on the driving tendency level. 13-18. (canceled) | A system and method for controlling a hybrid electric vehicle using a driving tendency are provided. The method includes determining a driving tendency level based on data to determine a driving tendency of a driver and determining a target engine torque using an engine torque map based on a vehicle speed and a required torque. Whether the driving tendency level corresponds to a predetermined level is determined as well as whether the required torque is equal to or greater than a torque that corresponds to an optimal operating point of an engine when the driving tendency level corresponds to the predetermined level. The target engine torque is then adjusted when the required torque is equal to or greater than the torque that corresponds to the optimal operating point of the engine.1-6. (canceled) 7. A method for controlling a hybrid electric vehicle using a driving tendency, comprising:
determining, by the controller, a driving tendency level based on data to determine a driving tendency of a driver; setting, by the controller, a shift pattern based on the driving tendency level; and performing, by the controller, a shift control based on the shift pattern. 8. The method for controlling a hybrid electric vehicle using a driving tendency of claim 7, wherein the driving tendency level is any one of a mild level, a normal level, an aggressive level, and a racer level, and the shift pattern is any one of a mild shift pattern that corresponds to the mild level, a normal shift pattern that corresponds to the normal level, an aggressive shift pattern that corresponds to the aggressive level, and a racer shift pattern that corresponds to the racer level. 9. The method for controlling a hybrid electric vehicle using a driving tendency of claim 7, further comprising:
setting, by the controller, a creep torque map based on the driving tendency level; and performing, by the controller, a creep torque control using the creep torque map based on a vehicle speed and a shift stage, wherein the shift stage is determined based on the shift pattern. 10. A method for controlling a hybrid electric vehicle using a driving tendency, comprising:
determining, by the controller, a driving tendency level based on data to determine a driving tendency of a driver; determining, by the controller, whether an engine start condition is satisfied in a state in which an engine is stopped; and performing, by the controller, an engine start control when the engine start condition is satisfied, wherein the engine start condition is satisfied when power required by the driver is equal to or greater than a first threshold value, and the first threshold value is set based on the driving tendency level. 11. The method for controlling a hybrid electric vehicle using a driving tendency of claim 10, wherein the engine start condition is satisfied when accumulated driving energy is equal to or greater than a second threshold value, the accumulated driving energy is calculated based on required power during a predetermined time in a section in which a change rate of a position value of an accelerator pedal is a positive value, and the second threshold value is set based on the driving tendency level. 12. The method for controlling a hybrid electric vehicle using a driving tendency of claim 10, further comprising:
determining, by the controller, whether an engine stop condition is satisfied in a state in which the engine starts; and performing, by the controller, an engine stop control when the engine stop condition is satisfied, wherein the engine stop condition is satisfied when power required by the driver is less than or equal to a third threshold value, and the third threshold value is set based on the driving tendency level. 13-18. (canceled) | 2,100 |
349,615 | 350,489 | 16,854,176 | 2,184 | A method of preparing a graphene-based membrane is provided. The method may include providing a stacked arrangement of layers of a graphene-based material, wherein the layers of the graphene-based material define one or more nanochannels between neighboring layers, and varying an electrical charge on a surface of the layers of the graphene-based material defining the one or more nanochannels to control size selectivity and/or ionic selectivity of the graphene-based membrane. A graphene-based membrane and a method of separating ions from a fluid stream are also provided. | 1. A method of separating hydrated ions from a fluid stream, the method comprising
a) providing a graphene-based membrane comprising a stacked arrangement of layers of a graphene-based material, the layers of the graphene-based material defining one or more nanochannels between neighboring layers, b) chemically engineering a surface of the layers of the graphene-based material defining the one or more nanochannels to possess a desired electrical charge to increase a filtering efficiency of the graphene-based membrane for the hydrated ions at substantially a same size of the one or more nanochannels for maintaining a desired flow though the graphene based membrane, and directing a fluid stream comprising the hydrated ions towards the one or more nanochannels of the graphene-based membrane for filtering of the hydrated ions from the fluid stream. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein directing the fluid stream comprising the hydrated ions towards the one or more nanochannels of the graphene-based membrane is carried out without an electrical field. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein directing the fluid stream comprising the hydrated ions towards the one or more nanochannels of the graphene-based membrane is carried out under a ionic concentration difference. 4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the method of separating the hydrated ions from the fluid stream is applied to ion-exchange membranes. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein directing the fluid stream comprising the hydrated ions towards the one or more nanochannels of the graphene-based membrane is carried out with an electrical field. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the method of separating the hydrated ions from the fluid stream is applied to electrodialysis. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein chemically engineering a surface of the layers of the graphene-based material defining the one or more nanochannels to possess a desired electrical charge comprises at least one of (i) varying polarity of the electrical charge; (ii) varying magnitude of the electrical charge, or (iii) arranging layers of opposite electrical charges in the stacked arrangement. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein chemically engineering a surface of the layers of the graphene-based material defining the one or more nanochannels to possess a desired electrical charge comprises carrying out at least one of (i) a chemical substitution process on the graphene-based material, (ii) a reduction process on the graphene-based material, or (iii) contacting the graphene-based material with a liquid reagent and varying molarity and/or pH of the liquid reagent. | A method of preparing a graphene-based membrane is provided. The method may include providing a stacked arrangement of layers of a graphene-based material, wherein the layers of the graphene-based material define one or more nanochannels between neighboring layers, and varying an electrical charge on a surface of the layers of the graphene-based material defining the one or more nanochannels to control size selectivity and/or ionic selectivity of the graphene-based membrane. A graphene-based membrane and a method of separating ions from a fluid stream are also provided.1. A method of separating hydrated ions from a fluid stream, the method comprising
a) providing a graphene-based membrane comprising a stacked arrangement of layers of a graphene-based material, the layers of the graphene-based material defining one or more nanochannels between neighboring layers, b) chemically engineering a surface of the layers of the graphene-based material defining the one or more nanochannels to possess a desired electrical charge to increase a filtering efficiency of the graphene-based membrane for the hydrated ions at substantially a same size of the one or more nanochannels for maintaining a desired flow though the graphene based membrane, and directing a fluid stream comprising the hydrated ions towards the one or more nanochannels of the graphene-based membrane for filtering of the hydrated ions from the fluid stream. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein directing the fluid stream comprising the hydrated ions towards the one or more nanochannels of the graphene-based membrane is carried out without an electrical field. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein directing the fluid stream comprising the hydrated ions towards the one or more nanochannels of the graphene-based membrane is carried out under a ionic concentration difference. 4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the method of separating the hydrated ions from the fluid stream is applied to ion-exchange membranes. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein directing the fluid stream comprising the hydrated ions towards the one or more nanochannels of the graphene-based membrane is carried out with an electrical field. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the method of separating the hydrated ions from the fluid stream is applied to electrodialysis. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein chemically engineering a surface of the layers of the graphene-based material defining the one or more nanochannels to possess a desired electrical charge comprises at least one of (i) varying polarity of the electrical charge; (ii) varying magnitude of the electrical charge, or (iii) arranging layers of opposite electrical charges in the stacked arrangement. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein chemically engineering a surface of the layers of the graphene-based material defining the one or more nanochannels to possess a desired electrical charge comprises carrying out at least one of (i) a chemical substitution process on the graphene-based material, (ii) a reduction process on the graphene-based material, or (iii) contacting the graphene-based material with a liquid reagent and varying molarity and/or pH of the liquid reagent. | 2,100 |
349,616 | 350,490 | 16,854,212 | 2,184 | Multiple listlets function as a single master linked list to manage data packets across one or more banks of memory in a first-in first-out (FIFO) order, while allowing multiple push and/or pop functions to be performed per cycle. Each listlet can be a linked list that tracks pointers and is stored in a different memory bank. The nodes can include a pointer to a data packet, a pointer to the next node in the listlet and a next listlet identifier that identifies the listlet that contains the next node in the master linked list. The head and tail of each listlet, as well as an identifier each to track the head and tail of the master linked list, can be maintained in cache. The individual listlets are updated accordingly to maintain order of the master linked list as pointers are pushed and popped from the master linked list. | 1. A method comprising:
receiving an enqueue request to push a data packet to a master linked list; enqueueing the data packet to a first listlet of a plurality of listlets; determining, from a tail identifier of the master linked list, that a second listlet includes a tail of the master linked list; setting a next listlet identifier of a tail node of the second listlet to identify the first listlet; and updating the tail identifier of the master linked list from identifying the second listlet to identifying the first listlet. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving a dequeue request to pop a second data packet from the master linked list; accessing, via a cache, a head identifier of the master linked list; determining from the head identifier of the master linked list that the first listlet includes a head of the master linked list, the head stored in the cache; dequeueing a first head node from the first listlet; and updating the head identifier of the master linked list from identifying the first listlet to identifying the second listlet. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the cache stores heads and tails of the plurality of listlets, the head identifier of the master linked list, and the tail identifier of the master linked list. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein the master linked list is stored via a plurality of memory banks. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein the first head node includes a pointer to another node of the first listlet. 6. The method of claim 2, wherein the master linked list is formed by the plurality of listlets. 7. The method of claim 2, wherein the first head node includes another listlet identifier that identifies another one of the plurality of listlets that includes a new head of the master linked list. 8. A system comprising:
a processor; and a memory storing instructions that, when executed, cause the computer processor to:
receive an enqueue request to push a data packet to a master linked list;
enqueue the data packet to a first listlet of a plurality of listlets;
determine, from a tail identifier of the master linked list, that a second listlet includes a tail of the master linked list;
set a next listlet identifier of a tail node of the second listlet to identify the first listlet; and
update the tail identifier of the master linked list from identifying the second listlet to identifying the first listlet. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the instructions further cause the computer processor to:
receive a dequeue request to pop another data packet from the master linked list; access, via a cache, a head identifier of the master linked list; determine from the head identifier of the master linked list that the first listlet includes a head of the master linked list, the head stored in the cache; dequeue a first head node from the first listlet; and update the head identifier of the master linked list from identifying the first listlet to identifying the second listlet instead. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the cache stores heads and tails of the plurality of listlets, the head identifier of the master linked list, and the tail identifier of the master linked list. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein the master linked list is stored via a plurality of memory banks. 12. The system of claim 9, wherein wherein the first head node includes a pointer to another node of the first listlet. 13. The system of claim 9, wherein the master linked list is formed by the plurality of listlets. 14. The system of claim 9, wherein the first head node includes another listlet identifier that identifies another one of the plurality of listlets that includes a new head of the master linked list. 15. At least one non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to:
receive an enqueue request to push a data packet to a master linked list; enqueue the data packet to a first listlet of a plurality of listlets; determine, from a tail identifier of the master linked list, that a second listlet includes a tail of the master linked list; set a next listlet identifier of a tail node of the second listlet to identify the first listlet; and update the tail identifier of the master linked list from identifying the second listlet to identifying the first listlet. 16. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the instructions further cause the computer processor to:
receive a dequeue request to pop another data packet from the master linked list; access, via a cache, a head identifier of the master linked list; determine from the head identifier of the master linked list that the first listlet includes a head of the master linked list, the head stored in the cache; dequeue a first head node from the first listlet; and update the head identifier of the master linked list from identifying the first listlet to identifying the second listlet. 17. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 16, wherein the cache stores heads and tails of the plurality of listlets, the head identifier of the master linked list, and the tail identifier of the master linked list. 18. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 16, wherein the master linked list is stored via a plurality of memory banks. 19. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 16, wherein the master linked list is formed by the plurality of listlets. 20. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 16, wherein the first head node includes another listlet identifier that identifies another one of the plurality of listlets that includes a new head of the master linked list. | Multiple listlets function as a single master linked list to manage data packets across one or more banks of memory in a first-in first-out (FIFO) order, while allowing multiple push and/or pop functions to be performed per cycle. Each listlet can be a linked list that tracks pointers and is stored in a different memory bank. The nodes can include a pointer to a data packet, a pointer to the next node in the listlet and a next listlet identifier that identifies the listlet that contains the next node in the master linked list. The head and tail of each listlet, as well as an identifier each to track the head and tail of the master linked list, can be maintained in cache. The individual listlets are updated accordingly to maintain order of the master linked list as pointers are pushed and popped from the master linked list.1. A method comprising:
receiving an enqueue request to push a data packet to a master linked list; enqueueing the data packet to a first listlet of a plurality of listlets; determining, from a tail identifier of the master linked list, that a second listlet includes a tail of the master linked list; setting a next listlet identifier of a tail node of the second listlet to identify the first listlet; and updating the tail identifier of the master linked list from identifying the second listlet to identifying the first listlet. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving a dequeue request to pop a second data packet from the master linked list; accessing, via a cache, a head identifier of the master linked list; determining from the head identifier of the master linked list that the first listlet includes a head of the master linked list, the head stored in the cache; dequeueing a first head node from the first listlet; and updating the head identifier of the master linked list from identifying the first listlet to identifying the second listlet. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the cache stores heads and tails of the plurality of listlets, the head identifier of the master linked list, and the tail identifier of the master linked list. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein the master linked list is stored via a plurality of memory banks. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein the first head node includes a pointer to another node of the first listlet. 6. The method of claim 2, wherein the master linked list is formed by the plurality of listlets. 7. The method of claim 2, wherein the first head node includes another listlet identifier that identifies another one of the plurality of listlets that includes a new head of the master linked list. 8. A system comprising:
a processor; and a memory storing instructions that, when executed, cause the computer processor to:
receive an enqueue request to push a data packet to a master linked list;
enqueue the data packet to a first listlet of a plurality of listlets;
determine, from a tail identifier of the master linked list, that a second listlet includes a tail of the master linked list;
set a next listlet identifier of a tail node of the second listlet to identify the first listlet; and
update the tail identifier of the master linked list from identifying the second listlet to identifying the first listlet. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the instructions further cause the computer processor to:
receive a dequeue request to pop another data packet from the master linked list; access, via a cache, a head identifier of the master linked list; determine from the head identifier of the master linked list that the first listlet includes a head of the master linked list, the head stored in the cache; dequeue a first head node from the first listlet; and update the head identifier of the master linked list from identifying the first listlet to identifying the second listlet instead. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the cache stores heads and tails of the plurality of listlets, the head identifier of the master linked list, and the tail identifier of the master linked list. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein the master linked list is stored via a plurality of memory banks. 12. The system of claim 9, wherein wherein the first head node includes a pointer to another node of the first listlet. 13. The system of claim 9, wherein the master linked list is formed by the plurality of listlets. 14. The system of claim 9, wherein the first head node includes another listlet identifier that identifies another one of the plurality of listlets that includes a new head of the master linked list. 15. At least one non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to:
receive an enqueue request to push a data packet to a master linked list; enqueue the data packet to a first listlet of a plurality of listlets; determine, from a tail identifier of the master linked list, that a second listlet includes a tail of the master linked list; set a next listlet identifier of a tail node of the second listlet to identify the first listlet; and update the tail identifier of the master linked list from identifying the second listlet to identifying the first listlet. 16. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the instructions further cause the computer processor to:
receive a dequeue request to pop another data packet from the master linked list; access, via a cache, a head identifier of the master linked list; determine from the head identifier of the master linked list that the first listlet includes a head of the master linked list, the head stored in the cache; dequeue a first head node from the first listlet; and update the head identifier of the master linked list from identifying the first listlet to identifying the second listlet. 17. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 16, wherein the cache stores heads and tails of the plurality of listlets, the head identifier of the master linked list, and the tail identifier of the master linked list. 18. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 16, wherein the master linked list is stored via a plurality of memory banks. 19. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 16, wherein the master linked list is formed by the plurality of listlets. 20. The at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 16, wherein the first head node includes another listlet identifier that identifies another one of the plurality of listlets that includes a new head of the master linked list. | 2,100 |
349,617 | 350,491 | 16,854,209 | 2,184 | An information processing device includes: a processor configured to generate an body object in a virtual space corresponding to a body in a real space, associate an associated object with at least a part of the body object, the associated object being displayed in the virtual space in association with the body, and move, when movement of the body object in the virtual space is detected, the associated object while maintaining a relative positional relationship between the associated object and the body object. | 1. An information processing device comprising:
a processor configured to
generate an body object in a virtual space corresponding to a body in a real space,
associate an associated object with at least a part of the body object, the associated object being displayed in the virtual space in association with the body, and
move, when movement of the body object in the virtual space is detected, the associated object while maintaining a relative positional relationship between the associated object and the body object. 2. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein,
when movement of the body in the real space is detected, the processor arranges the body object in the virtual space at a position corresponding to a position of the body in the real space after the movement of the body. 3. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein
the associated object is an arrow object indicating a direction from a start point to an end point, and the processor is further configured to
specify a position of the start point of the arrow object based on the position of the body object in the virtual space, and
specify a position of the end point of the arrow object based on a position of another body object in the virtual space corresponding to another body in the real space. 4. The information processing device according to claim 2, wherein
the associated object is an arrow object indicating a direction from a start point to an end point, and the processor is further configured to
specify a position of the start point of the arrow object based on the position of the body object in the virtual space, and
specify a position of the end point of the arrow object based on a position of another body object in the virtual space corresponding to another body in the real space. 5. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein
the processor is further configured to
specify a relationship between the body object and the associated object in the virtual space based on a processing device serving as the body in the real space and a processing step performed by the processing device in the real space. 6. The information processing device according to claim 2, wherein
the processor is further configured to
specify a relationship between the body object and the associated object in the virtual space based on a processing device serving as the body in the real space and a processing step performed by the processing device in the real space. 7. The information processing device according to claim 5, wherein
the associated object is an arrow object indicating a direction from a start point to an end point, and the processor is further configured to
specify a position of the start point of the arrow object based on attribute information of a target object in the virtual space corresponding to a target on which the processing device performs the processing step in the real space, and
specify a position of the end point of the arrow object based on a position of another body object in the virtual space corresponding to another body on which another processing step may be performed following the processing step in the real space. 8. The information processing device according to claim 6, wherein
the associated object is an arrow object indicating a direction from a start point to an end point, and the processor is further configured to
specify a position of the start point of the arrow object based on attribute information of a target object in the virtual space corresponding to a target on which the processing device performs the processing step in the real space, and
specify a position of the end point of the arrow object based on a position of another body object in the virtual space corresponding to another body on which another processing step may be performed following the processing step in the real space. 9. The information processing device according to claim 7, wherein
the processor is further configured to
specify another processing step based on the processing step performed on the target by the body in the real space,
specify the position of the start point of the arrow object based on a position of the target object in the virtual space, and
specify the position of the end point of the arrow object based on a position of another body object in the virtual space corresponding to another body in the real space on which the specified another processing step is performed. 10. The information processing device according to claim 8, wherein
the processor is further configured to
specify another processing step based on the processing step performed on the target by the body in the real space,
specify the position of the start point of the arrow object based on a position of the target object in the virtual space, and
specify the position of the end point of the arrow object based on a position of another body object in the virtual space corresponding to another body in the real space on which the specified another processing step is performed. 11. The information processing device according to claim 7, wherein
the processor is further configured to
receive another processing step from a user in response to the processing step performed on the target by the object in the real space,
specify the position of the start point of the arrow object based on a position of the target object in the virtual space, and
specify the position of the end point of the arrow object based on a position of another body object in the virtual space corresponding to another body in the real space on which the received another processing step is performed. 12. The information processing device according to claim 8, wherein
the processor is further configured to
receive another processing step from a user in response to the processing step performed on the target by the object in the real space,
specify the position of the start point of the arrow object based on a position of the target object in the virtual space, and
specify the position of the end point of the arrow object based on a position of another body object in the virtual space corresponding to another body in the real space on which the received another processing step is performed. 13. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein
the processor is further configured to
specify a position of the associated object based on information on a movement path of a target on which the body performs a processing step in the real space. 14. The information processing device according to claim 2, wherein
the processor is further configured to
specify a position of the associated object based on information on a movement path of a target on which the body performs a processing step in the real space. 15. The information processing device according to claim 13, wherein
the associated object is a dynamic display object of a movement path in the virtual space corresponding to a dynamic display of the movement path of the target in the real space, and the processor is further configured to
specify a position of at least one of a start point and an end point of the dynamic display object of the movement path based on a corresponding position of at least one of a start point and an end point of the movement path of the target indicated by the information on the movement path of the target, the corresponding position corresponding to the position of the at least one of the start point and the end point of the dynamic display object. 16. The information processing device according to claim 14, wherein
the associated object is a dynamic display object of a movement path in the virtual space corresponding to a dynamic display of the movement path of the target in the real space, and the processor is further configured to
specify a position of at least one of a start point and an end point of the dynamic display object of the movement path based on a corresponding position of at least one of a start point and an end point of the movement path of the target indicated by the information on the movement path of the target, the corresponding position corresponding to the position of the at least one of the start point and the end point of the dynamic display object. 17. A non-statutory computer readable medium storing an information processing program causing a computer to execute a processing, the process comprising:
generating an body object in a virtual space corresponding to a body in a real space, associating an associated object with at least a part of the body object, the associated object being displayed in the virtual space in association with the body, and moving, when movement of the body object in the virtual space is detected, the associated object while maintaining a relative positional relationship between the associated object and the body object. | An information processing device includes: a processor configured to generate an body object in a virtual space corresponding to a body in a real space, associate an associated object with at least a part of the body object, the associated object being displayed in the virtual space in association with the body, and move, when movement of the body object in the virtual space is detected, the associated object while maintaining a relative positional relationship between the associated object and the body object.1. An information processing device comprising:
a processor configured to
generate an body object in a virtual space corresponding to a body in a real space,
associate an associated object with at least a part of the body object, the associated object being displayed in the virtual space in association with the body, and
move, when movement of the body object in the virtual space is detected, the associated object while maintaining a relative positional relationship between the associated object and the body object. 2. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein,
when movement of the body in the real space is detected, the processor arranges the body object in the virtual space at a position corresponding to a position of the body in the real space after the movement of the body. 3. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein
the associated object is an arrow object indicating a direction from a start point to an end point, and the processor is further configured to
specify a position of the start point of the arrow object based on the position of the body object in the virtual space, and
specify a position of the end point of the arrow object based on a position of another body object in the virtual space corresponding to another body in the real space. 4. The information processing device according to claim 2, wherein
the associated object is an arrow object indicating a direction from a start point to an end point, and the processor is further configured to
specify a position of the start point of the arrow object based on the position of the body object in the virtual space, and
specify a position of the end point of the arrow object based on a position of another body object in the virtual space corresponding to another body in the real space. 5. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein
the processor is further configured to
specify a relationship between the body object and the associated object in the virtual space based on a processing device serving as the body in the real space and a processing step performed by the processing device in the real space. 6. The information processing device according to claim 2, wherein
the processor is further configured to
specify a relationship between the body object and the associated object in the virtual space based on a processing device serving as the body in the real space and a processing step performed by the processing device in the real space. 7. The information processing device according to claim 5, wherein
the associated object is an arrow object indicating a direction from a start point to an end point, and the processor is further configured to
specify a position of the start point of the arrow object based on attribute information of a target object in the virtual space corresponding to a target on which the processing device performs the processing step in the real space, and
specify a position of the end point of the arrow object based on a position of another body object in the virtual space corresponding to another body on which another processing step may be performed following the processing step in the real space. 8. The information processing device according to claim 6, wherein
the associated object is an arrow object indicating a direction from a start point to an end point, and the processor is further configured to
specify a position of the start point of the arrow object based on attribute information of a target object in the virtual space corresponding to a target on which the processing device performs the processing step in the real space, and
specify a position of the end point of the arrow object based on a position of another body object in the virtual space corresponding to another body on which another processing step may be performed following the processing step in the real space. 9. The information processing device according to claim 7, wherein
the processor is further configured to
specify another processing step based on the processing step performed on the target by the body in the real space,
specify the position of the start point of the arrow object based on a position of the target object in the virtual space, and
specify the position of the end point of the arrow object based on a position of another body object in the virtual space corresponding to another body in the real space on which the specified another processing step is performed. 10. The information processing device according to claim 8, wherein
the processor is further configured to
specify another processing step based on the processing step performed on the target by the body in the real space,
specify the position of the start point of the arrow object based on a position of the target object in the virtual space, and
specify the position of the end point of the arrow object based on a position of another body object in the virtual space corresponding to another body in the real space on which the specified another processing step is performed. 11. The information processing device according to claim 7, wherein
the processor is further configured to
receive another processing step from a user in response to the processing step performed on the target by the object in the real space,
specify the position of the start point of the arrow object based on a position of the target object in the virtual space, and
specify the position of the end point of the arrow object based on a position of another body object in the virtual space corresponding to another body in the real space on which the received another processing step is performed. 12. The information processing device according to claim 8, wherein
the processor is further configured to
receive another processing step from a user in response to the processing step performed on the target by the object in the real space,
specify the position of the start point of the arrow object based on a position of the target object in the virtual space, and
specify the position of the end point of the arrow object based on a position of another body object in the virtual space corresponding to another body in the real space on which the received another processing step is performed. 13. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein
the processor is further configured to
specify a position of the associated object based on information on a movement path of a target on which the body performs a processing step in the real space. 14. The information processing device according to claim 2, wherein
the processor is further configured to
specify a position of the associated object based on information on a movement path of a target on which the body performs a processing step in the real space. 15. The information processing device according to claim 13, wherein
the associated object is a dynamic display object of a movement path in the virtual space corresponding to a dynamic display of the movement path of the target in the real space, and the processor is further configured to
specify a position of at least one of a start point and an end point of the dynamic display object of the movement path based on a corresponding position of at least one of a start point and an end point of the movement path of the target indicated by the information on the movement path of the target, the corresponding position corresponding to the position of the at least one of the start point and the end point of the dynamic display object. 16. The information processing device according to claim 14, wherein
the associated object is a dynamic display object of a movement path in the virtual space corresponding to a dynamic display of the movement path of the target in the real space, and the processor is further configured to
specify a position of at least one of a start point and an end point of the dynamic display object of the movement path based on a corresponding position of at least one of a start point and an end point of the movement path of the target indicated by the information on the movement path of the target, the corresponding position corresponding to the position of the at least one of the start point and the end point of the dynamic display object. 17. A non-statutory computer readable medium storing an information processing program causing a computer to execute a processing, the process comprising:
generating an body object in a virtual space corresponding to a body in a real space, associating an associated object with at least a part of the body object, the associated object being displayed in the virtual space in association with the body, and moving, when movement of the body object in the virtual space is detected, the associated object while maintaining a relative positional relationship between the associated object and the body object. | 2,100 |
349,618 | 350,492 | 16,854,130 | 2,184 | A wireless power transmission method executed by a power transmitter comprising multi-coils, according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises the steps of: detecting a second power receiver while transmitting power to a first power receiver; determining at least one primary coil adequate for power transmission; by using the determined at least one primary coil, determining whether the second power receiver supports a shared mode protocol; and if the second power receiver supports the shared mode protocol, transmitting power to the first and second power receivers according to the shared mode protocol, wherein the shared mode protocol may be a protocol for simultaneously managing information exchanges between the power transmitter and multiple power receivers. | 1. A wireless power transmission method executed by a power transmitter comprising:
monitoring placement and removal of an object on and from an interface surface of the power transmitter; performing digital ping and receiving a response from a power receiver; acquiring configuration information of the power receiver and generating a power transfer contract with the power receiver by using the configuration information; transmitting power to the power receiver based on the power transfer contract; and transmitting indication information for initiating communication with the power receiver to the power receiver. 2. The wireless power transmission method of claim 1, wherein the indication information is information for requesting initiation of communication with the power receiver for renegotiating the power transfer contract. 3. The wireless power transmission method of claim 2,
wherein the transmitting of the power to the power receiver includes receiving a predetermined packet from the power receiver, and wherein the indication information is transmitted to the power receiver as a response to the predetermined packet. 4. The wireless power transmission method of claim 3, when bit patterns are defined for an acknowledge (ACK) response indicating acceptance of the request of the power receiver included in the predetermined packet, a non-acknowledge (NAK) response indicating denial of the request, and a not-defined (ND) response indicating that the request is not valid,
wherein a bit pattern of the indication information is defined as a different pattern from the bit patterns of the ACK response, the NAK response, and the ND response. 5. The wireless power transmission method of claim 4, wherein the predetermined packet corresponds to a received power packet for changing a format of a received power packet determined in the power transfer contract or a control error packet used for determining an operating point of the power transmitter. 6. The wireless power transmission method of claim 1, wherein the indication information includes request information that the power transmitter requests for the power receiver to acquire an authority to transmit a predetermined packet. 7. The wireless power transmission method of claim 6, wherein the predetermined packet includes a packet including information on a new guaranteed power level of the power transmitter. 8. The wireless power transmission method of claim 6,
wherein the transmitting of the power to the power receiver includes receiving a predetermined packet from the power receiver, and wherein the indication information is transmitted to the power receiver: as a response to the predetermined packet; or within a transmission interval of the predetermined packet when the transmission interval increases to be equal to or more than a threshold. 9. The wireless power transmission method of claim 8, wherein the predetermined packet corresponds to a received power packet for changing a format of a received power packet determined in the power transfer contract or a control error packet used for determining an operating point of the power transmitter. 10. The wireless power transmission method of claim 8, when bit patterns are defined for an acknowledge (ACK) response indicating acceptance of the request of the power receiver included in the predetermined packet, a non-acknowledge (NAK) response indicating denial of the request, and a not-defined (ND) response indicating that the request is not valid,
wherein a bit pattern of the indication information is defined as a different pattern from the bit patterns of the ACK response, the NAK response, and the ND response. 11. The wireless power transmission method of claim 8, wherein, when the indication information is transmitted to the power receiver as a response to the predetermined packet, the indication information further includes response information to the predetermined packet in addition to the request information. 12. The wireless power transmission method of claim 8, wherein, when the indication information is transmitted within the transmission interval of the predetermined packet, a size of a packet carrying the indication information is determined based on the transmission interval of the predetermined packet. 13. The wireless power transmission method of claim 1, wherein the transmitting of the indication information to the power receiver is performed when the foreign object is detected on the interface surface or when a surrounding temperature is detected as a high temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature. 14. A wireless power reception method executed by a power receiver comprising:
detecting execution of digital ping of a power transmitter and transmitting a response to the detected digital ping; transmitting configuration information of the power receiver and establishing a power transfer contract based on the configuration information with the power transmitter; receiving power from the power receiver based on the power transfer contract; and receiving indication information for initiating communication with the power receiver from the power transmitter. 15. A power transmitter comprising:
a coil assembly including at least one primary coil generating a magnetic field; a power conversion unit configured to convert electric energy into a power signal; and a communications and control unit configured to control communication and power transfer with a power receiver, wherein the communications and control unit is further configured to: monitor placement and removal of an object on and from an interface surface of the power transmitter, perform digital ping and receive a response from the power receiver, acquire configuration information of the power receiver and generate a power transfer contract with the power receiver by using configuration information, transmit power to the power receiver based on the power transfer contract, and transmit indication information for initiating communication with the power receiver to the power receiver. | A wireless power transmission method executed by a power transmitter comprising multi-coils, according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises the steps of: detecting a second power receiver while transmitting power to a first power receiver; determining at least one primary coil adequate for power transmission; by using the determined at least one primary coil, determining whether the second power receiver supports a shared mode protocol; and if the second power receiver supports the shared mode protocol, transmitting power to the first and second power receivers according to the shared mode protocol, wherein the shared mode protocol may be a protocol for simultaneously managing information exchanges between the power transmitter and multiple power receivers.1. A wireless power transmission method executed by a power transmitter comprising:
monitoring placement and removal of an object on and from an interface surface of the power transmitter; performing digital ping and receiving a response from a power receiver; acquiring configuration information of the power receiver and generating a power transfer contract with the power receiver by using the configuration information; transmitting power to the power receiver based on the power transfer contract; and transmitting indication information for initiating communication with the power receiver to the power receiver. 2. The wireless power transmission method of claim 1, wherein the indication information is information for requesting initiation of communication with the power receiver for renegotiating the power transfer contract. 3. The wireless power transmission method of claim 2,
wherein the transmitting of the power to the power receiver includes receiving a predetermined packet from the power receiver, and wherein the indication information is transmitted to the power receiver as a response to the predetermined packet. 4. The wireless power transmission method of claim 3, when bit patterns are defined for an acknowledge (ACK) response indicating acceptance of the request of the power receiver included in the predetermined packet, a non-acknowledge (NAK) response indicating denial of the request, and a not-defined (ND) response indicating that the request is not valid,
wherein a bit pattern of the indication information is defined as a different pattern from the bit patterns of the ACK response, the NAK response, and the ND response. 5. The wireless power transmission method of claim 4, wherein the predetermined packet corresponds to a received power packet for changing a format of a received power packet determined in the power transfer contract or a control error packet used for determining an operating point of the power transmitter. 6. The wireless power transmission method of claim 1, wherein the indication information includes request information that the power transmitter requests for the power receiver to acquire an authority to transmit a predetermined packet. 7. The wireless power transmission method of claim 6, wherein the predetermined packet includes a packet including information on a new guaranteed power level of the power transmitter. 8. The wireless power transmission method of claim 6,
wherein the transmitting of the power to the power receiver includes receiving a predetermined packet from the power receiver, and wherein the indication information is transmitted to the power receiver: as a response to the predetermined packet; or within a transmission interval of the predetermined packet when the transmission interval increases to be equal to or more than a threshold. 9. The wireless power transmission method of claim 8, wherein the predetermined packet corresponds to a received power packet for changing a format of a received power packet determined in the power transfer contract or a control error packet used for determining an operating point of the power transmitter. 10. The wireless power transmission method of claim 8, when bit patterns are defined for an acknowledge (ACK) response indicating acceptance of the request of the power receiver included in the predetermined packet, a non-acknowledge (NAK) response indicating denial of the request, and a not-defined (ND) response indicating that the request is not valid,
wherein a bit pattern of the indication information is defined as a different pattern from the bit patterns of the ACK response, the NAK response, and the ND response. 11. The wireless power transmission method of claim 8, wherein, when the indication information is transmitted to the power receiver as a response to the predetermined packet, the indication information further includes response information to the predetermined packet in addition to the request information. 12. The wireless power transmission method of claim 8, wherein, when the indication information is transmitted within the transmission interval of the predetermined packet, a size of a packet carrying the indication information is determined based on the transmission interval of the predetermined packet. 13. The wireless power transmission method of claim 1, wherein the transmitting of the indication information to the power receiver is performed when the foreign object is detected on the interface surface or when a surrounding temperature is detected as a high temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature. 14. A wireless power reception method executed by a power receiver comprising:
detecting execution of digital ping of a power transmitter and transmitting a response to the detected digital ping; transmitting configuration information of the power receiver and establishing a power transfer contract based on the configuration information with the power transmitter; receiving power from the power receiver based on the power transfer contract; and receiving indication information for initiating communication with the power receiver from the power transmitter. 15. A power transmitter comprising:
a coil assembly including at least one primary coil generating a magnetic field; a power conversion unit configured to convert electric energy into a power signal; and a communications and control unit configured to control communication and power transfer with a power receiver, wherein the communications and control unit is further configured to: monitor placement and removal of an object on and from an interface surface of the power transmitter, perform digital ping and receive a response from the power receiver, acquire configuration information of the power receiver and generate a power transfer contract with the power receiver by using configuration information, transmit power to the power receiver based on the power transfer contract, and transmit indication information for initiating communication with the power receiver to the power receiver. | 2,100 |
349,619 | 350,493 | 16,854,196 | 2,184 | The present invention relates to methods of treating infectious, inflammatory and post-traumatic disorders by administering various compounds newly discovered to have TLR4 inhibitory activity. In addition to methods of treatment, the present invention further provides for pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds, together with a suitable pharmaceutical carrier. | 1. A compound having the following formula: 2-3. (canceled) 4. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each H. 5. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each CH3CH2. 6. The compound of claim 1 having the formula: 7. (canceled) 8. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 9. (canceled) 10. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each H. 11. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each CH3CH2. 12-13. (canceled) 14. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8 having the formula: 15. (canceled) 16. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, further comprising an effective amount of at least one additional biologically active agent. 17. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 16, wherein the least one additional biologically active agent is an anti-inflammatory agent. 18-21. (canceled) 22. A method for treating an infectious disorder, an inflammatory disorder, or a traumatic injury in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutical composition thereof. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the inflammatory disorder comprises an intestinal inflammatory disorder. 24. The method of claim 22, wherein the inflammatory disorder comprises an cardiovascular inflammatory disorder. 25. The method of claim 22, wherein the inflammatory disorder comprises an pulmonary inflammatory disorder. 26-31. (canceled) 32. The method of claim 22, wherein the compound is: 33. (canceled) | The present invention relates to methods of treating infectious, inflammatory and post-traumatic disorders by administering various compounds newly discovered to have TLR4 inhibitory activity. In addition to methods of treatment, the present invention further provides for pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds, together with a suitable pharmaceutical carrier.1. A compound having the following formula: 2-3. (canceled) 4. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each H. 5. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each CH3CH2. 6. The compound of claim 1 having the formula: 7. (canceled) 8. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 9. (canceled) 10. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each H. 11. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each CH3CH2. 12-13. (canceled) 14. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8 having the formula: 15. (canceled) 16. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, further comprising an effective amount of at least one additional biologically active agent. 17. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 16, wherein the least one additional biologically active agent is an anti-inflammatory agent. 18-21. (canceled) 22. A method for treating an infectious disorder, an inflammatory disorder, or a traumatic injury in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutical composition thereof. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the inflammatory disorder comprises an intestinal inflammatory disorder. 24. The method of claim 22, wherein the inflammatory disorder comprises an cardiovascular inflammatory disorder. 25. The method of claim 22, wherein the inflammatory disorder comprises an pulmonary inflammatory disorder. 26-31. (canceled) 32. The method of claim 22, wherein the compound is: 33. (canceled) | 2,100 |
349,620 | 350,494 | 16,854,232 | 2,184 | The present invention relates to methods of treating infectious, inflammatory and post-traumatic disorders by administering various compounds newly discovered to have TLR4 inhibitory activity. In addition to methods of treatment, the present invention further provides for pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds, together with a suitable pharmaceutical carrier. | 1. A compound having the following formula: 2-3. (canceled) 4. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each H. 5. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each CH3CH2. 6. The compound of claim 1 having the formula: 7. (canceled) 8. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 9. (canceled) 10. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each H. 11. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each CH3CH2. 12-13. (canceled) 14. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8 having the formula: 15. (canceled) 16. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, further comprising an effective amount of at least one additional biologically active agent. 17. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 16, wherein the least one additional biologically active agent is an anti-inflammatory agent. 18-21. (canceled) 22. A method for treating an infectious disorder, an inflammatory disorder, or a traumatic injury in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutical composition thereof. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the inflammatory disorder comprises an intestinal inflammatory disorder. 24. The method of claim 22, wherein the inflammatory disorder comprises an cardiovascular inflammatory disorder. 25. The method of claim 22, wherein the inflammatory disorder comprises an pulmonary inflammatory disorder. 26-31. (canceled) 32. The method of claim 22, wherein the compound is: 33. (canceled) | The present invention relates to methods of treating infectious, inflammatory and post-traumatic disorders by administering various compounds newly discovered to have TLR4 inhibitory activity. In addition to methods of treatment, the present invention further provides for pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds, together with a suitable pharmaceutical carrier.1. A compound having the following formula: 2-3. (canceled) 4. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each H. 5. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each CH3CH2. 6. The compound of claim 1 having the formula: 7. (canceled) 8. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 9. (canceled) 10. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each H. 11. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each CH3CH2. 12-13. (canceled) 14. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8 having the formula: 15. (canceled) 16. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 8, further comprising an effective amount of at least one additional biologically active agent. 17. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 16, wherein the least one additional biologically active agent is an anti-inflammatory agent. 18-21. (canceled) 22. A method for treating an infectious disorder, an inflammatory disorder, or a traumatic injury in a subject in need thereof comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutical composition thereof. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the inflammatory disorder comprises an intestinal inflammatory disorder. 24. The method of claim 22, wherein the inflammatory disorder comprises an cardiovascular inflammatory disorder. 25. The method of claim 22, wherein the inflammatory disorder comprises an pulmonary inflammatory disorder. 26-31. (canceled) 32. The method of claim 22, wherein the compound is: 33. (canceled) | 2,100 |
349,621 | 350,495 | 16,854,224 | 2,184 | The present disclosure is directed to a cordless reciprocating saw including a mechanical interface for attaching a removable battery pack. The mechanical interface includes a strike plate to reduce the effects of vibrational forces on the battery pack. | 1. A reciprocating saw, comprising:
a mechanical interface for receiving a battery pack including a latch having a forward facing surface, the mechanical interface including a catch for receiving the latch, the catch including a recess having a rearward facing surface; and a strike plate separate and discrete from the catch, the strike plate including an engagement arm, the engagement arm of the separate and discrete strike plate attached to the rearward facing surface of the recess to engage the forward facing surface of the latch, the engagement arm configured at an angle to the latch forward facing surface when the battery pack is fully seated in the mechanical interface. 2. The reciprocating saw, as recited in claim 1, wherein the angle to the latch forward facing surface is approximately 13 degrees to approximately 17 degrees. 3. The reciprocating saw, as recited in claim 2, wherein the angle to the latch forward facing surface is approximately 15 degrees. 4. A reciprocating saw, comprising:
a mechanical interface for receiving a battery pack including a latch having a forward facing surface, the mechanical interface including a catch for receiving the latch, the catch including a recess having a rearward facing surface; and a strike plate separate and discrete from the catch, the strike plate including an engagement arm, a connecting arm and a catch arm, the connecting arm connects the engagement arm and the catch arm, the engagement arm configured at an angle to the connecting arm, the engagement arm of the separate and discrete strike plate positioned in the cavity of the catch and abuts a forward facing surface of the catch. 5. The reciprocating saw, as recited in claim 4, wherein the engagement arm includes an engagement surface. 6. The reciprocating saw, as recited in claim 5, wherein the engagement arm abuts the latch forward facing surface when the battery pack is fully seated in the mechanical interface. 7. The reciprocating saw, as recited in claim 4, wherein the angle of the engagement arm to the connecting arm is approximately 83 degrees to approximately 87 degrees. 8. The reciprocating saw, as recited in claim 7, wherein the angle of the engagement arm to the connecting arm is approximately 85 degrees. | The present disclosure is directed to a cordless reciprocating saw including a mechanical interface for attaching a removable battery pack. The mechanical interface includes a strike plate to reduce the effects of vibrational forces on the battery pack.1. A reciprocating saw, comprising:
a mechanical interface for receiving a battery pack including a latch having a forward facing surface, the mechanical interface including a catch for receiving the latch, the catch including a recess having a rearward facing surface; and a strike plate separate and discrete from the catch, the strike plate including an engagement arm, the engagement arm of the separate and discrete strike plate attached to the rearward facing surface of the recess to engage the forward facing surface of the latch, the engagement arm configured at an angle to the latch forward facing surface when the battery pack is fully seated in the mechanical interface. 2. The reciprocating saw, as recited in claim 1, wherein the angle to the latch forward facing surface is approximately 13 degrees to approximately 17 degrees. 3. The reciprocating saw, as recited in claim 2, wherein the angle to the latch forward facing surface is approximately 15 degrees. 4. A reciprocating saw, comprising:
a mechanical interface for receiving a battery pack including a latch having a forward facing surface, the mechanical interface including a catch for receiving the latch, the catch including a recess having a rearward facing surface; and a strike plate separate and discrete from the catch, the strike plate including an engagement arm, a connecting arm and a catch arm, the connecting arm connects the engagement arm and the catch arm, the engagement arm configured at an angle to the connecting arm, the engagement arm of the separate and discrete strike plate positioned in the cavity of the catch and abuts a forward facing surface of the catch. 5. The reciprocating saw, as recited in claim 4, wherein the engagement arm includes an engagement surface. 6. The reciprocating saw, as recited in claim 5, wherein the engagement arm abuts the latch forward facing surface when the battery pack is fully seated in the mechanical interface. 7. The reciprocating saw, as recited in claim 4, wherein the angle of the engagement arm to the connecting arm is approximately 83 degrees to approximately 87 degrees. 8. The reciprocating saw, as recited in claim 7, wherein the angle of the engagement arm to the connecting arm is approximately 85 degrees. | 2,100 |
349,622 | 350,496 | 16,854,220 | 2,664 | A system and method for autonomously defining regions of interest for a container are provided. The system comprises a platform for supporting the container, a detector for capturing feature data of the container while on the platform, and a computer system. The computer system is in communication with the detector and platform. The computer system is programmed to locate features of the container from the captured feature data, and define the regions of interest for the container based on the located features. | 1. A system for autonomously defining regions of interest for a container, the system comprising:
a detector for capturing feature data of the container; and a computer system in communication with the detector, wherein the computer system is programmed to:
identify edges of the container from the captured feature data, including transforming the captured feature data into a silhouette of the container;
locate features on the edges of the container;
classify the features on the edges of the container into measurement categories; and
define the regions of interest for a dimensional measurement of the container based on the located features, including determining which located features to include in the region of interest based on the measurement category. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the computer system is programmed to utilize at least one of chain code, raster scanning, Sobel edge detection, thresholding, and edge extraction to locate features on the edges of the container. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the computer system is programed to locate features from the captured feature data comprises the computer system programmed to identify an edge angle along the edges from the silhouette of the container, wherein the features on the edges are classified into measurement categories based on the edge angle and location of the feature. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the computer system is programed to locate features on the edges of the container comprises the computer system programmed to locate at least one of a concave region and a convex region from the captured feature data. 5. (canceled) 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the features comprise at least one of a horizontal center of the container, a vertical center of the container, a top of the container, a side of the container, a bottom of the container, a finish feature, a body feature, a shoulder feature, and a heel feature. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the finish feature comprises at least one of a thread crest, a thread root, a support ledge edge, and a neck straight edge. 8. The system of claim 1, further comprising a platform to support the container. 9. The system of claim 8, further comprising a light source, wherein the platform is positioned intermediate the light source and the detector. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the platform is configured to rotate about an axis and change elevation relative to the detector. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the detector is configured for capturing images of the container over time while on the platform, wherein there is relative movement between the platform and the detector, such that feature data captured by the detector is of different container poses relative to the detector. 12. The system of claim 11, further comprising the computer system programmed to combine at least two of the captured images together into a combined image of at least a portion of the container. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the at least two images were captured at substantially the same angle of the platform relative to the detector and different elevations of the platform relative to the detector. 14. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a display in communication with the computer system, wherein the computer system is configured to display a virtual representation of the feature data of at least a portion of the container on the display. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the computer system is further configured to annotate the virtual representation with a parameter associated with the container. 16. The system of claim 14, wherein the computer system is configured to change at least one of the pose and magnification of the virtual representation responsive to received input. 17. The system of claim 1, further comprising the computer system programmed to compare the features to a data store of features and select a region of interest based on the comparison. 18. The system of claim 17, further comprising a robotic system, wherein the robotic system is programmed to grip the container based on the comparison. 19. The system of claim 1, wherein the computer system is programmed to determine dimensional measurements of the container from the features. 20. The system of claim 19, further comprising a robotic system, wherein the robotic system is programmed to grip the container based on the determined dimensional measurements. 21. A method for autonomously defining regions of interest for a container, the method comprising:
capturing, by a detector, feature data of the container; identifying, by a computer system, edges of the container from the captured feature data, including transforming the captured feature data into a silhouette of the container; locating, by the computer system, features on the edges of the container; classifying, by the computer system, the features on the edges of the container into measurement categories; and defining, by the computer system, the regions of interest for a dimensional measurement of the container based on the features, including determining which located features to include in the region of interest based on the measurement category. 22. The method of claim 21, further comprising storing the regions of interest in a data store. 23. The method of claim 21, further comprising forming containers with a container forming machine in a production run. 24. The method of claim 23, further comprising:
determining, by the computer system, dimensional measurements of the container from the features; and comparing dimensions of containers formed in the production run to a specification for the container using the regions of interest stored in the data store. 25. The method of claim 21, further comprising:
capturing, by the detector, images of the container over time while on a platform, wherein there is relative movement between the platform and the detector, such that images captured by the detector are of different container poses relative to the detector; and combining at least two of the captured images together into a combined image of at least a portion of the container. 26. The method of claim 1, wherein the detector is at least one of a camera, an infrared sensor, a spectrometer, a confocal probe, LIDAR, and a thickness sensor. 27. The method of claim 1, wherein the detector is a camera and the captured feature data is an image. 28. A system for autonomously defining regions of interest for a container, the system comprising:
a detector for capturing feature data of the container; and a computer system in communication with the detector, wherein the computer system is programmed to: identify edges of the container from the captured feature data, including transforming the captured feature data into a silhouette of the container; locate features on the edges of the container, including identify an edge angle along the edges from the silhouette of the container; and define the regions of interest for a dimensional measurement of the container based on the located features. | A system and method for autonomously defining regions of interest for a container are provided. The system comprises a platform for supporting the container, a detector for capturing feature data of the container while on the platform, and a computer system. The computer system is in communication with the detector and platform. The computer system is programmed to locate features of the container from the captured feature data, and define the regions of interest for the container based on the located features.1. A system for autonomously defining regions of interest for a container, the system comprising:
a detector for capturing feature data of the container; and a computer system in communication with the detector, wherein the computer system is programmed to:
identify edges of the container from the captured feature data, including transforming the captured feature data into a silhouette of the container;
locate features on the edges of the container;
classify the features on the edges of the container into measurement categories; and
define the regions of interest for a dimensional measurement of the container based on the located features, including determining which located features to include in the region of interest based on the measurement category. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the computer system is programmed to utilize at least one of chain code, raster scanning, Sobel edge detection, thresholding, and edge extraction to locate features on the edges of the container. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the computer system is programed to locate features from the captured feature data comprises the computer system programmed to identify an edge angle along the edges from the silhouette of the container, wherein the features on the edges are classified into measurement categories based on the edge angle and location of the feature. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the computer system is programed to locate features on the edges of the container comprises the computer system programmed to locate at least one of a concave region and a convex region from the captured feature data. 5. (canceled) 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the features comprise at least one of a horizontal center of the container, a vertical center of the container, a top of the container, a side of the container, a bottom of the container, a finish feature, a body feature, a shoulder feature, and a heel feature. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the finish feature comprises at least one of a thread crest, a thread root, a support ledge edge, and a neck straight edge. 8. The system of claim 1, further comprising a platform to support the container. 9. The system of claim 8, further comprising a light source, wherein the platform is positioned intermediate the light source and the detector. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the platform is configured to rotate about an axis and change elevation relative to the detector. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the detector is configured for capturing images of the container over time while on the platform, wherein there is relative movement between the platform and the detector, such that feature data captured by the detector is of different container poses relative to the detector. 12. The system of claim 11, further comprising the computer system programmed to combine at least two of the captured images together into a combined image of at least a portion of the container. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the at least two images were captured at substantially the same angle of the platform relative to the detector and different elevations of the platform relative to the detector. 14. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a display in communication with the computer system, wherein the computer system is configured to display a virtual representation of the feature data of at least a portion of the container on the display. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the computer system is further configured to annotate the virtual representation with a parameter associated with the container. 16. The system of claim 14, wherein the computer system is configured to change at least one of the pose and magnification of the virtual representation responsive to received input. 17. The system of claim 1, further comprising the computer system programmed to compare the features to a data store of features and select a region of interest based on the comparison. 18. The system of claim 17, further comprising a robotic system, wherein the robotic system is programmed to grip the container based on the comparison. 19. The system of claim 1, wherein the computer system is programmed to determine dimensional measurements of the container from the features. 20. The system of claim 19, further comprising a robotic system, wherein the robotic system is programmed to grip the container based on the determined dimensional measurements. 21. A method for autonomously defining regions of interest for a container, the method comprising:
capturing, by a detector, feature data of the container; identifying, by a computer system, edges of the container from the captured feature data, including transforming the captured feature data into a silhouette of the container; locating, by the computer system, features on the edges of the container; classifying, by the computer system, the features on the edges of the container into measurement categories; and defining, by the computer system, the regions of interest for a dimensional measurement of the container based on the features, including determining which located features to include in the region of interest based on the measurement category. 22. The method of claim 21, further comprising storing the regions of interest in a data store. 23. The method of claim 21, further comprising forming containers with a container forming machine in a production run. 24. The method of claim 23, further comprising:
determining, by the computer system, dimensional measurements of the container from the features; and comparing dimensions of containers formed in the production run to a specification for the container using the regions of interest stored in the data store. 25. The method of claim 21, further comprising:
capturing, by the detector, images of the container over time while on a platform, wherein there is relative movement between the platform and the detector, such that images captured by the detector are of different container poses relative to the detector; and combining at least two of the captured images together into a combined image of at least a portion of the container. 26. The method of claim 1, wherein the detector is at least one of a camera, an infrared sensor, a spectrometer, a confocal probe, LIDAR, and a thickness sensor. 27. The method of claim 1, wherein the detector is a camera and the captured feature data is an image. 28. A system for autonomously defining regions of interest for a container, the system comprising:
a detector for capturing feature data of the container; and a computer system in communication with the detector, wherein the computer system is programmed to: identify edges of the container from the captured feature data, including transforming the captured feature data into a silhouette of the container; locate features on the edges of the container, including identify an edge angle along the edges from the silhouette of the container; and define the regions of interest for a dimensional measurement of the container based on the located features. | 2,600 |
349,623 | 350,497 | 16,854,206 | 2,664 | Systems and methods are disclosed that facilitate visualizing how a user will appear in response to adhering to a health and fitness program. In an aspect, a system includes a reception component configured to receive information corresponding to a user's physical appearance and physical health, an analysis component configured to determine or infer one or more changes to the user's physical appearance based on predicted performance of a health and fitness program by the user and the user's physical health, and a visualization component is configured to generate a visual representation of the user based on the information and the one or more changes to the user's physical appearance. | 1. A system comprising:
a memory having stored thereon computer executable components; a processor that executes at least the following computer executable components:
a reception component configured to receive information regarding physical attributes of a user;
a selection component configured to receive one or more dietary requirements and one or more physical fitness requirements associated with a health and fitness program for the user;
an analysis component configured to predict one or more changes to the current physical appearance of the user that will occur based on execution by the user of the health and fitness program;
a visualization component configured to generate a visual representation corresponding to the predicted future physical appearance of the user; and
an avatar visualization system that generates an avatar configured to function as the person's virtual coach to facilitate the performance of the health and fitness program by the user. 2. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a rendering component configured to present the visual representation on a display. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the requirements further comprise a duration of time for performance of the health and fitness program, and wherein the analysis component is configured to predict one or more changes based on the performance of the health and fitness program by the user for the duration of time. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the analysis component is further configured to predict one or more changes to current physical appearance of the user based on personal health information for the user, including condition information regarding one or more physiological conditions of the user. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the selection component is further configured to receive input modifying the requirements to the health and fitness program, thereby defining a new health and fitness program;
wherein based on the input, the analysis component is configured to predict one or more changes to the current physical appearance of the user that will occur based on performance of the new health and fitness program by the user; and wherein the visualization component is configured to generate a new visual representation corresponding to a new predicted future physical appearance of the user. 6. The system of claim 5, further comprising:
a request component configured to receive a request for a second visual representation corresponding to a predicted appearance of the user after the performance of the health and fitness routine for a portion of the duration of time, and wherein based on the request; the analysis component is further configured to predict one or more second changes to the current physical appearance of the user that will occur based on the performance of the first health and fitness program by the user for the portion of the duration of time; and the visualization component is further configured to generate the second visual representation based on the one or more second changes. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the analysis component is further configured to predict one or more changes based on machine learning analysis of historical data regarding changes in appearances of a plurality of other users in response to their performance of a same or similar health and fitness program. 8. The system of claim 4, wherein the duration of time comprises a first duration of time and wherein the system further comprises:
a request component configured to receive a request for a second visualization representation corresponding to a second future physical appearance of the person based on the performance of the health and fitness program for a second duration of time, and
wherein based on the request, the analysis component is configured to predict one or more second changes to the current physical appearance of the user that will occur based on the performance of the health and fitness program by the user for the second duration of time; and
wherein the visualization component is further configured to generate the second visual representation based on the one or more second changes. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the personal health information further comprises capabilities information regarding physiological capabilities or restrictions of the user. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the personal health information further comprises medication information regarding a medication regimen followed by the user. 11. A method comprising:
using a processor to execute the following computer executable instructions stored in a memory to perform the following acts:
receive information regarding physical attributes of a user;
receive one or more dietary requirements and one or more physical fitness requirements associated with a health and fitness program for the user;
predict one or more changes to the current physical appearance of the user that will occur based on execution by the user of the health and fitness program;
generate a visual representation corresponding to the predicted future physical appearance of the user; and
generate an avatar configured to function as the person's virtual coach to facilitate the performance of the health and fitness program by the user. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising presenting the visual representation on a display. 13. The method of claim 11, further comprising predicting one or more changes based on the performance of the health and fitness program by the user for the duration of time. 14. The method of claim 11, further comprising predicting one or more changes to current physical appearance of the user based on personal health information for the user, including condition information regarding one or more physiological conditions of the user. 15. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
receiving input modifying requirements to the health and fitness program, thereby defining a new health and fitness program; predicting one or more changes to the current physical appearance of the user that will occur based on performance of the new health and fitness program by the user; and generating a new visual representation corresponding to a new predicted future physical appearance of the user. 16. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
receiving a request for a second visual representation corresponding to a predicted appearance of the user after the performance of the health and fitness routine for a portion of the duration of time, and wherein based on the request; predicting one or more second changes to the current physical appearance of the user that will occur based on the performance of the first health and fitness program by the user for the portion of the duration of time; and generating the second visual representation based on the one or more second changes. 17. A machine-readable storage medium, comprising executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate performance of operations, comprising:
receiving appearance information regarding a current physical appearance of a user, including image data captured of the user; receiving input selecting requirements for a health and fitness program, wherein the requirements comprise one or more dietary requirements and one or more physical fitness requirements; determining one or more changes to the current physical appearance of the user that will occur based on performance of the first health and fitness program by the user; generating a visual representation corresponding to a future physical appearance of the person based on the one or more changes and the image data; and generating an avatar configured to function as the person's virtual coach to facilitate the performance of the health and fitness program by the user. 18. The machine-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the operations further comprise:
receiving second input modifying the requirements of the health and fitness program, thereby defining a new health and fitness program; determining, based on the receiving the second input, one or more second changes to the current physical appearance of the user that will occur based on second performance of the new health and fitness program by the user; and generating a second visual representation corresponding to a second future physical appearance of the user based on the one or more second changes. 19. The machine-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the operations further comprise:
generating a first visualization corresponding to the current physical appearance of the user based on the image data, wherein the visual representation comprises a second visual representation, and wherein the generating the second visualization comprises adapting the first visualization based on the one or more changes. 20. The machine-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining the one or more changes based on machine learning analysis of historical data regarding changes in appearances of a plurality of other users in response to their performance of a same or similar health and fitness program. | Systems and methods are disclosed that facilitate visualizing how a user will appear in response to adhering to a health and fitness program. In an aspect, a system includes a reception component configured to receive information corresponding to a user's physical appearance and physical health, an analysis component configured to determine or infer one or more changes to the user's physical appearance based on predicted performance of a health and fitness program by the user and the user's physical health, and a visualization component is configured to generate a visual representation of the user based on the information and the one or more changes to the user's physical appearance.1. A system comprising:
a memory having stored thereon computer executable components; a processor that executes at least the following computer executable components:
a reception component configured to receive information regarding physical attributes of a user;
a selection component configured to receive one or more dietary requirements and one or more physical fitness requirements associated with a health and fitness program for the user;
an analysis component configured to predict one or more changes to the current physical appearance of the user that will occur based on execution by the user of the health and fitness program;
a visualization component configured to generate a visual representation corresponding to the predicted future physical appearance of the user; and
an avatar visualization system that generates an avatar configured to function as the person's virtual coach to facilitate the performance of the health and fitness program by the user. 2. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a rendering component configured to present the visual representation on a display. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the requirements further comprise a duration of time for performance of the health and fitness program, and wherein the analysis component is configured to predict one or more changes based on the performance of the health and fitness program by the user for the duration of time. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the analysis component is further configured to predict one or more changes to current physical appearance of the user based on personal health information for the user, including condition information regarding one or more physiological conditions of the user. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein the selection component is further configured to receive input modifying the requirements to the health and fitness program, thereby defining a new health and fitness program;
wherein based on the input, the analysis component is configured to predict one or more changes to the current physical appearance of the user that will occur based on performance of the new health and fitness program by the user; and wherein the visualization component is configured to generate a new visual representation corresponding to a new predicted future physical appearance of the user. 6. The system of claim 5, further comprising:
a request component configured to receive a request for a second visual representation corresponding to a predicted appearance of the user after the performance of the health and fitness routine for a portion of the duration of time, and wherein based on the request; the analysis component is further configured to predict one or more second changes to the current physical appearance of the user that will occur based on the performance of the first health and fitness program by the user for the portion of the duration of time; and the visualization component is further configured to generate the second visual representation based on the one or more second changes. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the analysis component is further configured to predict one or more changes based on machine learning analysis of historical data regarding changes in appearances of a plurality of other users in response to their performance of a same or similar health and fitness program. 8. The system of claim 4, wherein the duration of time comprises a first duration of time and wherein the system further comprises:
a request component configured to receive a request for a second visualization representation corresponding to a second future physical appearance of the person based on the performance of the health and fitness program for a second duration of time, and
wherein based on the request, the analysis component is configured to predict one or more second changes to the current physical appearance of the user that will occur based on the performance of the health and fitness program by the user for the second duration of time; and
wherein the visualization component is further configured to generate the second visual representation based on the one or more second changes. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the personal health information further comprises capabilities information regarding physiological capabilities or restrictions of the user. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the personal health information further comprises medication information regarding a medication regimen followed by the user. 11. A method comprising:
using a processor to execute the following computer executable instructions stored in a memory to perform the following acts:
receive information regarding physical attributes of a user;
receive one or more dietary requirements and one or more physical fitness requirements associated with a health and fitness program for the user;
predict one or more changes to the current physical appearance of the user that will occur based on execution by the user of the health and fitness program;
generate a visual representation corresponding to the predicted future physical appearance of the user; and
generate an avatar configured to function as the person's virtual coach to facilitate the performance of the health and fitness program by the user. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising presenting the visual representation on a display. 13. The method of claim 11, further comprising predicting one or more changes based on the performance of the health and fitness program by the user for the duration of time. 14. The method of claim 11, further comprising predicting one or more changes to current physical appearance of the user based on personal health information for the user, including condition information regarding one or more physiological conditions of the user. 15. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
receiving input modifying requirements to the health and fitness program, thereby defining a new health and fitness program; predicting one or more changes to the current physical appearance of the user that will occur based on performance of the new health and fitness program by the user; and generating a new visual representation corresponding to a new predicted future physical appearance of the user. 16. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
receiving a request for a second visual representation corresponding to a predicted appearance of the user after the performance of the health and fitness routine for a portion of the duration of time, and wherein based on the request; predicting one or more second changes to the current physical appearance of the user that will occur based on the performance of the first health and fitness program by the user for the portion of the duration of time; and generating the second visual representation based on the one or more second changes. 17. A machine-readable storage medium, comprising executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate performance of operations, comprising:
receiving appearance information regarding a current physical appearance of a user, including image data captured of the user; receiving input selecting requirements for a health and fitness program, wherein the requirements comprise one or more dietary requirements and one or more physical fitness requirements; determining one or more changes to the current physical appearance of the user that will occur based on performance of the first health and fitness program by the user; generating a visual representation corresponding to a future physical appearance of the person based on the one or more changes and the image data; and generating an avatar configured to function as the person's virtual coach to facilitate the performance of the health and fitness program by the user. 18. The machine-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the operations further comprise:
receiving second input modifying the requirements of the health and fitness program, thereby defining a new health and fitness program; determining, based on the receiving the second input, one or more second changes to the current physical appearance of the user that will occur based on second performance of the new health and fitness program by the user; and generating a second visual representation corresponding to a second future physical appearance of the user based on the one or more second changes. 19. The machine-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the operations further comprise:
generating a first visualization corresponding to the current physical appearance of the user based on the image data, wherein the visual representation comprises a second visual representation, and wherein the generating the second visualization comprises adapting the first visualization based on the one or more changes. 20. The machine-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining the one or more changes based on machine learning analysis of historical data regarding changes in appearances of a plurality of other users in response to their performance of a same or similar health and fitness program. | 2,600 |
349,624 | 350,498 | 16,854,148 | 2,664 | A brake device includes a first flow path unit guiding a braking hydraulic pressure by connecting some of wheel cylinder units and a master cylinder unit; a second flow path unit guiding a braking hydraulic pressure by connecting the others of the wheel cylinder units and the master cylinder unit; a third flow path unit connecting a reservoir and pump units, and connected with the first flow path unit; a fourth flow path unit connecting the reservoir and the pump units, and connected with the second flow path unit; a fifth flow path unit connecting the reservoir and the first flow path unit; a sixth flow path unit connecting the reservoir and the second flow path unit; a seventh flow path unit selectively connecting the first and second flow path units; and an eighth flow path unit connecting the second flow path unit and the reservoir. | 1. A brake device for a vehicle, comprising:
a first flow path unit configured to guide a braking hydraulic pressure by connecting some of a plurality of wheel cylinder units and a master cylinder unit; a second flow path unit configured to guide a braking hydraulic pressure by connecting the others of the plurality of wheel cylinder units and the master cylinder unit; a third flow path unit configured to connect a reservoir unit which is connected with the master cylinder unit and stores oil, and pump units which are installed to generate a braking hydraulic pressure and be interlocked with one another to alternately perform a suction operation and a discharge operation, and connected with the first flow path unit; a fourth flow path unit configured to connect the reservoir unit and the pump units, and connected with the second flow path unit; a fifth flow path unit configured to connect the reservoir unit and the first flow path unit; a sixth flow path unit configured to connect the reservoir unit and the second flow path unit; a seventh flow path unit configured to selectively connect the first flow path unit and the second flow path unit; and an eighth flow path unit configured to connect the second flow path unit and the reservoir unit. 2. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein the first flow path unit comprises:
an eleventh line part having one end which is connected to the master cylinder unit and the other end which is connected to the third flow path unit, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by an eleventh valve part; a twelfth line part extending from the eleventh line part, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a twelfth valve part; a thirteenth line part configured to connect the twelfth line part and any one of the wheel cylinder units, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a thirteenth valve part; and a fourteenth line part configured to connect the twelfth line part and another one of the wheel cylinder units, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a fourteenth valve part. 3. The brake device according to claim 2, wherein the third flow path unit comprises:
a thirty-first line part connected with the reservoir unit; a thirty-second line part configured to connect the thirty-first line part and the pump units, and connected with the eleventh line part; a thirty-third line part configured to connect the thirty-first line part and the pump units; and a thirty-fourth line part configured to connect the thirty-third line part and the twelfth line part, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a thirty-fourth valve part. 4. The brake device according to claim 3, wherein the fifth flow path unit comprises:
a fifty-first line part connected with the reservoir unit; a fifty-second line part configured to connect the fifty-first line part and the thirteenth line part, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a fifty-second valve part; and a fifty-third line part configured to connect the fifty-first line part and the fourteenth line part, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a fifty-third valve part. 5. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein the second flow path unit comprises:
a twenty-first line part having one end which is connected to the master cylinder unit and the other end which is connected to the fourth flow path unit, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a twenty-first valve part; a twenty-second line part extending from the twenty-first line part, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a twenty-second valve part; a twenty-third line part configured to connect the twenty-second line part and any one of the wheel cylinder units, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a twenty-third valve part; and a twenty-fourth line part configured to connect the twenty-second line part and another one of the wheel cylinder units, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a twenty-fourth valve part. 6. The brake device according to claim 5, wherein the fourth flow path unit comprises:
a forty-first line part connected with the reservoir unit; a forty-second line part configured to connect the forty-first line part and the pump units, and connected with the twenty-first line part; a forty-third line part configured to connect the forty-first line part and the pump units; and a forty-fourth line part configured to connect the forty-third line part and the twenty-second line part, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a forty-fourth valve part. 7. The brake device according to claim 6, wherein the sixth flow path unit comprises:
a sixty-first line part connected with the reservoir unit; a sixty-second line part configured to connect the sixty-first line part and the twenty-third line part, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a sixty-second valve part; and a sixty-third line part configured to connect the sixty-first line part and the twenty-fourth line part, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a sixty-third valve part. 8. The brake device according to claim 5, wherein the eighth flow path unit comprises:
an eighth line part having one end which is connected to the twenty-first line part formed between the master cylinder unit and the twenty-first valve part and the other end which is connected to the reservoir unit; and an eighth valve part formed in the eighth line part, and configured to adjust a braking hydraulic pressure of the eighth line part. 9. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein the pump units are formed in an even number to be interlocked with one another by an eccentric bearing and thereby alternately perform a suction operation and a discharge operation, each pump unit being formed with one flow path which serves as both a suction flow path and a discharge flow path. 10. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein a sensor unit which senses an operation of a brake pedal is installed in the master cylinder unit. 11. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein, when hydraulic braking is completed, a braking hydraulic pressure of the wheel cylinder units passes through the pump units and is then moved to the reservoir unit through the eighth flow path unit. | A brake device includes a first flow path unit guiding a braking hydraulic pressure by connecting some of wheel cylinder units and a master cylinder unit; a second flow path unit guiding a braking hydraulic pressure by connecting the others of the wheel cylinder units and the master cylinder unit; a third flow path unit connecting a reservoir and pump units, and connected with the first flow path unit; a fourth flow path unit connecting the reservoir and the pump units, and connected with the second flow path unit; a fifth flow path unit connecting the reservoir and the first flow path unit; a sixth flow path unit connecting the reservoir and the second flow path unit; a seventh flow path unit selectively connecting the first and second flow path units; and an eighth flow path unit connecting the second flow path unit and the reservoir.1. A brake device for a vehicle, comprising:
a first flow path unit configured to guide a braking hydraulic pressure by connecting some of a plurality of wheel cylinder units and a master cylinder unit; a second flow path unit configured to guide a braking hydraulic pressure by connecting the others of the plurality of wheel cylinder units and the master cylinder unit; a third flow path unit configured to connect a reservoir unit which is connected with the master cylinder unit and stores oil, and pump units which are installed to generate a braking hydraulic pressure and be interlocked with one another to alternately perform a suction operation and a discharge operation, and connected with the first flow path unit; a fourth flow path unit configured to connect the reservoir unit and the pump units, and connected with the second flow path unit; a fifth flow path unit configured to connect the reservoir unit and the first flow path unit; a sixth flow path unit configured to connect the reservoir unit and the second flow path unit; a seventh flow path unit configured to selectively connect the first flow path unit and the second flow path unit; and an eighth flow path unit configured to connect the second flow path unit and the reservoir unit. 2. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein the first flow path unit comprises:
an eleventh line part having one end which is connected to the master cylinder unit and the other end which is connected to the third flow path unit, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by an eleventh valve part; a twelfth line part extending from the eleventh line part, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a twelfth valve part; a thirteenth line part configured to connect the twelfth line part and any one of the wheel cylinder units, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a thirteenth valve part; and a fourteenth line part configured to connect the twelfth line part and another one of the wheel cylinder units, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a fourteenth valve part. 3. The brake device according to claim 2, wherein the third flow path unit comprises:
a thirty-first line part connected with the reservoir unit; a thirty-second line part configured to connect the thirty-first line part and the pump units, and connected with the eleventh line part; a thirty-third line part configured to connect the thirty-first line part and the pump units; and a thirty-fourth line part configured to connect the thirty-third line part and the twelfth line part, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a thirty-fourth valve part. 4. The brake device according to claim 3, wherein the fifth flow path unit comprises:
a fifty-first line part connected with the reservoir unit; a fifty-second line part configured to connect the fifty-first line part and the thirteenth line part, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a fifty-second valve part; and a fifty-third line part configured to connect the fifty-first line part and the fourteenth line part, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a fifty-third valve part. 5. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein the second flow path unit comprises:
a twenty-first line part having one end which is connected to the master cylinder unit and the other end which is connected to the fourth flow path unit, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a twenty-first valve part; a twenty-second line part extending from the twenty-first line part, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a twenty-second valve part; a twenty-third line part configured to connect the twenty-second line part and any one of the wheel cylinder units, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a twenty-third valve part; and a twenty-fourth line part configured to connect the twenty-second line part and another one of the wheel cylinder units, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a twenty-fourth valve part. 6. The brake device according to claim 5, wherein the fourth flow path unit comprises:
a forty-first line part connected with the reservoir unit; a forty-second line part configured to connect the forty-first line part and the pump units, and connected with the twenty-first line part; a forty-third line part configured to connect the forty-first line part and the pump units; and a forty-fourth line part configured to connect the forty-third line part and the twenty-second line part, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a forty-fourth valve part. 7. The brake device according to claim 6, wherein the sixth flow path unit comprises:
a sixty-first line part connected with the reservoir unit; a sixty-second line part configured to connect the sixty-first line part and the twenty-third line part, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a sixty-second valve part; and a sixty-third line part configured to connect the sixty-first line part and the twenty-fourth line part, and adjusted in a braking hydraulic pressure by a sixty-third valve part. 8. The brake device according to claim 5, wherein the eighth flow path unit comprises:
an eighth line part having one end which is connected to the twenty-first line part formed between the master cylinder unit and the twenty-first valve part and the other end which is connected to the reservoir unit; and an eighth valve part formed in the eighth line part, and configured to adjust a braking hydraulic pressure of the eighth line part. 9. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein the pump units are formed in an even number to be interlocked with one another by an eccentric bearing and thereby alternately perform a suction operation and a discharge operation, each pump unit being formed with one flow path which serves as both a suction flow path and a discharge flow path. 10. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein a sensor unit which senses an operation of a brake pedal is installed in the master cylinder unit. 11. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein, when hydraulic braking is completed, a braking hydraulic pressure of the wheel cylinder units passes through the pump units and is then moved to the reservoir unit through the eighth flow path unit. | 2,600 |
349,625 | 350,499 | 16,854,207 | 2,664 | One embodiment of the present invention can be characterized as a method for controlling a multi-axis machine tool that includes obtaining a preliminary rotary actuator command (wherein the rotary actuator command has frequency content exceeding a bandwidth of a rotary actuator), generating a processed rotary actuator command based, at least in part, on the preliminary rotary actuator command, the processed rotary actuator command having frequency content within a bandwidth of the rotary actuator and generating a first linear actuator command and a second linear actuator command based, at least in part, on the processed rotary actuator command. The processed rotary actuator command can be output to the rotary actuator, the first linear actuator command can be output to a first linear actuator and the second linear actuator command can be output to a second linear actuator. | 1. An apparatus, comprising:
a scan lens arranged and configured to focus the beam of laser light thereby producing a focused beam of laser light, wherein the focused beam of light has a beam waist and propagates along a beam axis; a linear actuator to move the scan lens along at the beam axis; at least one positioner arranged between the laser source and the scan lens, wherein the at least one positioner is operative to move the beam waist along the beam axis, wherein a bandwidth of the at least one positioner is higher than a bandwidth of the actuator, and wherein the at least one positioner includes at least one selected from the group consisting of an acousto-optic deflector (AOD) system, a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) mirror system and an adaptive optical (AO) system; and a controller communicatively coupled to the actuator and the at least one positioner, wherein the controller is operative to:
generate a low-frequency linear actuator command and a high-frequency linear actuator command based, at least in part, on an input linear actuator command a first output linear output command a second output linear output command, wherein the low-frequency linear actuator command has a frequency content that is within the bandwidth of the actuator, and wherein the high-frequency linear actuator command has a frequency content that is within the bandwidth of the at least one positioner;
output the low-frequency content linear actuator command to the linear actuator; and
output the high-frequency content linear actuator command to the at least one positioner. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the frequency content of the high-frequency linear actuator command exceeds the bandwidth of the actuator. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising at least one galvanometer-driven mirror system arranged between the scan lens and the at least one positioner. | One embodiment of the present invention can be characterized as a method for controlling a multi-axis machine tool that includes obtaining a preliminary rotary actuator command (wherein the rotary actuator command has frequency content exceeding a bandwidth of a rotary actuator), generating a processed rotary actuator command based, at least in part, on the preliminary rotary actuator command, the processed rotary actuator command having frequency content within a bandwidth of the rotary actuator and generating a first linear actuator command and a second linear actuator command based, at least in part, on the processed rotary actuator command. The processed rotary actuator command can be output to the rotary actuator, the first linear actuator command can be output to a first linear actuator and the second linear actuator command can be output to a second linear actuator.1. An apparatus, comprising:
a scan lens arranged and configured to focus the beam of laser light thereby producing a focused beam of laser light, wherein the focused beam of light has a beam waist and propagates along a beam axis; a linear actuator to move the scan lens along at the beam axis; at least one positioner arranged between the laser source and the scan lens, wherein the at least one positioner is operative to move the beam waist along the beam axis, wherein a bandwidth of the at least one positioner is higher than a bandwidth of the actuator, and wherein the at least one positioner includes at least one selected from the group consisting of an acousto-optic deflector (AOD) system, a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) mirror system and an adaptive optical (AO) system; and a controller communicatively coupled to the actuator and the at least one positioner, wherein the controller is operative to:
generate a low-frequency linear actuator command and a high-frequency linear actuator command based, at least in part, on an input linear actuator command a first output linear output command a second output linear output command, wherein the low-frequency linear actuator command has a frequency content that is within the bandwidth of the actuator, and wherein the high-frequency linear actuator command has a frequency content that is within the bandwidth of the at least one positioner;
output the low-frequency content linear actuator command to the linear actuator; and
output the high-frequency content linear actuator command to the at least one positioner. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the frequency content of the high-frequency linear actuator command exceeds the bandwidth of the actuator. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising at least one galvanometer-driven mirror system arranged between the scan lens and the at least one positioner. | 2,600 |
349,626 | 350,500 | 16,854,186 | 2,664 | A system, method, computing device, and storage medium for blockchain-based data processing. The method comprises: obtaining, from a blockchain node, case information associated with cases; receiving a request for reviewing a target case, the request comprising identity information of a user and identification information of the target case; identifying target case case information from the case information based on the identification information of the target case; determining members satisfying conditions for reviewing the target case based on the identity information of the user and the target case case information; providing a review channel for reviewing the target case to each of computing devices respectively associated with one or more of the determined members; receiving, from the computing devices associated with the one or more of the determined members, case review data generated from review of the target case; and uploading the case review data to the blockchain node. | 1. A blockchain-based data processing method implemented by a transaction terminal, comprising:
obtaining, from a blockchain node, case information associated with a plurality of cases; receiving a request for reviewing a target case among the plurality of cases, the request comprising identity information of a user and identification information of the target case; identifying case information associated with the target case from the case information associated with the plurality of cases based on the identification information of the target case; determining a plurality of members satisfying one or more conditions for reviewing the target case based on the identity information of the user and the case information associated with the target case; providing a review channel for reviewing the target case to each of one or more computing devices respectively associated with one or more of the determined members; receiving, from the one or more computing devices associated with the one or more of the determined members, case review data generated from review of the target case; and uploading the case review data to the blockchain node. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
obtaining the identity information of the user and the identification information of the target case in the case review request; and uploading, according to a preset data model, the identity information of the user and the identification information of the target case to the blockchain node. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
sending a plurality of invitations to the plurality of determined members for participating in case review; and receiving a confirmation from each of the one or more of the determined members. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the providing a review channel for reviewing the target case to each of one or more computing devices respectively associated with one or more of the determined members comprises:
displaying the case information of the target case in the review channel. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining a plurality of members satisfying one or more conditions for reviewing the target case comprises:
sending a case review authorizing request to the blockchain node, the case review authorizing request carrying unique identification information of the determined members; and receiving an authorization result notification returned by the blockchain node. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining a plurality of members satisfying one or more conditions for reviewing the target case comprises:
identifying a plurality of members each having one or more characteristics similar to the user. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
subsequent to uploading the case review data to the blockchain node, closing the review channel for each of the one or more computing devices associated with the one or more of the determined members. 8. A system for blockchain-based data processing, comprising a processor and a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions executable by the processor to cause the system to perform operations comprising:
obtaining, from a blockchain node, case information associated with a plurality of cases; receiving a request for reviewing a target case among the plurality of cases, the request comprising identity information of a user and identification information of the target case; identifying case information associated with the target case from the case information associated with the plurality of cases based on the identification information of the target case; determining a plurality of members satisfying one or more conditions for reviewing the target case based on the identity information of the user and the case information associated with the target case; providing a review channel for reviewing the target case to each of one or more computing devices respectively associated with one or more of the determined members; receiving, from the one or more computing devices associated with the one or more of the determined members, case review data generated from review of the target case; and uploading the case review data to the blockchain node. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise:
obtaining the identity information of the user and the identification information of the target case in the case review request; and uploading, according to a preset data model, the identity information of the user and the identification information of the target case to the blockchain node. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise:
sending a plurality of invitations to the plurality of determined members for participating in case review; and receiving a confirmation from each of the one or more of the determined members. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the providing a review channel for reviewing the target case to each of one or more computing devices respectively associated with one or more of the determined members comprises:
displaying the case information of the target case in the review channel. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein the determining a plurality of members satisfying one or more conditions for reviewing the target case comprises:
sending a case review authorizing request to the blockchain node, the case review authorizing request carrying unique identification information of the determined members; and receiving an authorization result notification returned by the blockchain node. 13. The system of claim 8, wherein the determining a plurality of members satisfying one or more conditions for reviewing the target case comprises:
identifying a plurality of members each having one or more characteristics similar to the user. 14. The system of claim 8, further comprising:
subsequent to uploading the case review data to the blockchain node, closing the review channel for each of the one or more computing devices associated with the one or more of the determined members. 15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium for blockchain-based data processing, configured with instructions executable by one or more processors to cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising:
obtaining, from a blockchain node, case information associated with a plurality of cases; receiving a request for reviewing a target case among the plurality of cases, the request comprising identity information of a user and identification information of the target case; identifying case information associated with the target case from the case information associated with the plurality of cases based on the identification information of the target case; determining a plurality of members satisfying one or more conditions for reviewing the target case based on the identity information of the user and the case information associated with the target case; providing a review channel for reviewing the target case to each of one or more computing devices respectively associated with one or more of the determined members; receiving, from the one or more computing devices associated with the one or more of the determined members, case review data generated from review of the target case; and uploading the case review data to the blockchain node. 16. The medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprises:
obtaining the identity information of the user and the identification information of the target case in the case review request; and uploading, according to a preset data model, the identity information of the user and the identification information of the target case to the blockchain node. 17. The medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprises:
sending a plurality of invitations to the plurality of determined members for participating in case review; and receiving a confirmation from each of the one or more of the determined members. 18. The medium of claim 15, wherein the providing a review channel for reviewing the target case to each of one or more computing devices respectively associated with one or more of the determined members comprises:
displaying the case information of the target case in the review channel. 19. The medium of claim 15, wherein the determining a plurality of members satisfying one or more conditions for reviewing the target case comprises:
sending a case review authorizing request to the blockchain node, the case review authorizing request carrying unique identification information of the determined members; and receiving an authorization result notification returned by the blockchain node. 20. The medium of claim 15, further comprising:
subsequent to uploading the case review data to the blockchain node, closing the review channel for each of the one or more computing devices associated with the one or more of the determined members. | A system, method, computing device, and storage medium for blockchain-based data processing. The method comprises: obtaining, from a blockchain node, case information associated with cases; receiving a request for reviewing a target case, the request comprising identity information of a user and identification information of the target case; identifying target case case information from the case information based on the identification information of the target case; determining members satisfying conditions for reviewing the target case based on the identity information of the user and the target case case information; providing a review channel for reviewing the target case to each of computing devices respectively associated with one or more of the determined members; receiving, from the computing devices associated with the one or more of the determined members, case review data generated from review of the target case; and uploading the case review data to the blockchain node.1. A blockchain-based data processing method implemented by a transaction terminal, comprising:
obtaining, from a blockchain node, case information associated with a plurality of cases; receiving a request for reviewing a target case among the plurality of cases, the request comprising identity information of a user and identification information of the target case; identifying case information associated with the target case from the case information associated with the plurality of cases based on the identification information of the target case; determining a plurality of members satisfying one or more conditions for reviewing the target case based on the identity information of the user and the case information associated with the target case; providing a review channel for reviewing the target case to each of one or more computing devices respectively associated with one or more of the determined members; receiving, from the one or more computing devices associated with the one or more of the determined members, case review data generated from review of the target case; and uploading the case review data to the blockchain node. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
obtaining the identity information of the user and the identification information of the target case in the case review request; and uploading, according to a preset data model, the identity information of the user and the identification information of the target case to the blockchain node. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
sending a plurality of invitations to the plurality of determined members for participating in case review; and receiving a confirmation from each of the one or more of the determined members. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the providing a review channel for reviewing the target case to each of one or more computing devices respectively associated with one or more of the determined members comprises:
displaying the case information of the target case in the review channel. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining a plurality of members satisfying one or more conditions for reviewing the target case comprises:
sending a case review authorizing request to the blockchain node, the case review authorizing request carrying unique identification information of the determined members; and receiving an authorization result notification returned by the blockchain node. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining a plurality of members satisfying one or more conditions for reviewing the target case comprises:
identifying a plurality of members each having one or more characteristics similar to the user. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
subsequent to uploading the case review data to the blockchain node, closing the review channel for each of the one or more computing devices associated with the one or more of the determined members. 8. A system for blockchain-based data processing, comprising a processor and a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions executable by the processor to cause the system to perform operations comprising:
obtaining, from a blockchain node, case information associated with a plurality of cases; receiving a request for reviewing a target case among the plurality of cases, the request comprising identity information of a user and identification information of the target case; identifying case information associated with the target case from the case information associated with the plurality of cases based on the identification information of the target case; determining a plurality of members satisfying one or more conditions for reviewing the target case based on the identity information of the user and the case information associated with the target case; providing a review channel for reviewing the target case to each of one or more computing devices respectively associated with one or more of the determined members; receiving, from the one or more computing devices associated with the one or more of the determined members, case review data generated from review of the target case; and uploading the case review data to the blockchain node. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise:
obtaining the identity information of the user and the identification information of the target case in the case review request; and uploading, according to a preset data model, the identity information of the user and the identification information of the target case to the blockchain node. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the operations further comprise:
sending a plurality of invitations to the plurality of determined members for participating in case review; and receiving a confirmation from each of the one or more of the determined members. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the providing a review channel for reviewing the target case to each of one or more computing devices respectively associated with one or more of the determined members comprises:
displaying the case information of the target case in the review channel. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein the determining a plurality of members satisfying one or more conditions for reviewing the target case comprises:
sending a case review authorizing request to the blockchain node, the case review authorizing request carrying unique identification information of the determined members; and receiving an authorization result notification returned by the blockchain node. 13. The system of claim 8, wherein the determining a plurality of members satisfying one or more conditions for reviewing the target case comprises:
identifying a plurality of members each having one or more characteristics similar to the user. 14. The system of claim 8, further comprising:
subsequent to uploading the case review data to the blockchain node, closing the review channel for each of the one or more computing devices associated with the one or more of the determined members. 15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium for blockchain-based data processing, configured with instructions executable by one or more processors to cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising:
obtaining, from a blockchain node, case information associated with a plurality of cases; receiving a request for reviewing a target case among the plurality of cases, the request comprising identity information of a user and identification information of the target case; identifying case information associated with the target case from the case information associated with the plurality of cases based on the identification information of the target case; determining a plurality of members satisfying one or more conditions for reviewing the target case based on the identity information of the user and the case information associated with the target case; providing a review channel for reviewing the target case to each of one or more computing devices respectively associated with one or more of the determined members; receiving, from the one or more computing devices associated with the one or more of the determined members, case review data generated from review of the target case; and uploading the case review data to the blockchain node. 16. The medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprises:
obtaining the identity information of the user and the identification information of the target case in the case review request; and uploading, according to a preset data model, the identity information of the user and the identification information of the target case to the blockchain node. 17. The medium of claim 15, wherein the operations further comprises:
sending a plurality of invitations to the plurality of determined members for participating in case review; and receiving a confirmation from each of the one or more of the determined members. 18. The medium of claim 15, wherein the providing a review channel for reviewing the target case to each of one or more computing devices respectively associated with one or more of the determined members comprises:
displaying the case information of the target case in the review channel. 19. The medium of claim 15, wherein the determining a plurality of members satisfying one or more conditions for reviewing the target case comprises:
sending a case review authorizing request to the blockchain node, the case review authorizing request carrying unique identification information of the determined members; and receiving an authorization result notification returned by the blockchain node. 20. The medium of claim 15, further comprising:
subsequent to uploading the case review data to the blockchain node, closing the review channel for each of the one or more computing devices associated with the one or more of the determined members. | 2,600 |
349,627 | 350,501 | 16,854,230 | 2,664 | A method for accelerating the start time of an application is described herein, comprising receiving a request for an application from a user, sending a request for application chunk information, receiving the application chunk information wherein playtime information is associated with the application chunk information. Network information is determined and a download duration is predicted from the application chunk information and network information. Stored playtime information is retrieved wherein the stored playtime information is associated with a previously received application chunk. The predicted download duration is compared to the stored playtime information associated with the application chunk information and the previously received application chunk is installed when the predicted download duration is less than the stored playtime information. | 1. A method for accelerating the start time of an application, comprising:
a) receiving a request for an application from a user; b) sending a request for application chunk information; c) receiving the application chunk information wherein playtime information is associated with the application chunk information d) determining network information; e) predicting download duration from the application chunk information and network information; f) retrieving stored playtime information wherein the stored playtime information is associated with a previously received application chunk; g) comparing predicted download duration to the stored playtime information and the playtime information associated with the application chunk information; h) installing the previously received application chunk when the predicted download duration is less than the stored playtime information. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein g) further comprises comparing the stored application playtime information with a threshold and h) further comprises installing the application chunk when the stored playtime information at least meets the threshold. 3. The method of claim 1 further comprising providing the user access to the installed application chunk wherein the installed application chunk is a usable portion of the requested application. 4. The method of claim 3 further comprising receiving the requested application chunk and installing the requested application chunk. 5. The method of claim 1 wherein the playtime information is associated with the application chunk information as an entry in a table. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the playtime information is meta information in the application chunk information. 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the application chunk information includes information about a next application chunk in a download sequence. 8. The method of claim 1 wherein the application chunk information include information about a plurality of application chunks in a download sequence and the playtime information includes a plurality of playtimes wherein each playtimes in the plurality of playtimes is associated with an application chunk in the plurality of application chunks. 9. The method of claim 8 wherein predicting the download duration includes predicting a download duration for at least two un-received application chunks in the download sequence. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein the download duration in g) is the download duration for at least two un-received application chunks in the download sequence and the playtime information includes playtime information associated with the at least two un-received application chunks. 11. The method of claim 1 wherein the application chunk is a discrete portion of the application having a beginning state and an end state. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein the playtime information is an estimated time for a user to reach the end state of the application chunk from the beginning state. 13. The method of claim 12 wherein the estimated time for a user to reach the end state of the application chunk is determined from application testing. 14. The method of claim 12 wherein the estimated time for a user to reach the end state of the application is determined from aggregated user data received from a plurality of users. 15. The method of claim 11 wherein there is one beginning state and a plurality of end states. 16. The method of claim 11 wherein the application chunk is a video sequence and the playtime information is given a lowest possible weight. 17. The method of claim 11 wherein the application chunk is a menu and the playtime information is given a lowest possible weight. 18. The method of claim 11 wherein the download duration is prediction is generated by a Neural Network trained with a machine learning algorithm to predict download duration using network information. 19. A system comprising:
a processor; memory coupled to the processor; non-transitory instructions embedded in the memory that when executed cause the processor to carry out the method comprising; a) receiving a request for an application from a user; b) sending a request for application chunk information; c) receiving the application chunk information wherein playtime information is associated with the application chunk information d) determining network information; e) predicting download duration from the application chunk information and network information; f) retrieving stored playtime information wherein the stored playtime information is associated with a previously received application chunk; g) comparing predicted download duration to the stored playtime information and the playtime information associated with the application chunk information; h) installing the previously received application chunk when the predicted download duration is less than the stored playtime information. 20. The system of claim 19 wherein g) further comprises comparing the stored application playtime information with a threshold and h) further comprises installing the application chunk when the stored playtime information at least meets the threshold. 21. The system of claim 19 further comprising providing the user access to the installed application chunk wherein the installed application chunk is a usable portion of the requested application. 22. The system of claim 21 further comprising receiving the requested application chunk and installing the requested application chunk. 23. The system of claim 19 wherein the playtime information is associated with the application chunk information as an entry in a table. 24. The system of claim 11 wherein the playtime information is meta information in the application chunk information. 25. The system of claim 19 wherein the application chunk information includes information about a next application chunk in a download sequence. 26. The system of claim 19 wherein the application chunk information include information about a plurality of application chunks in a download sequence and the playtime information includes a plurality of playtimes wherein each playtimes in the plurality of playtimes is associated with an application chunk in the plurality of application chunks. 27. The system of claim 26 wherein predicting the download duration includes predicting a download duration for at least two un-received application chunks in the download sequence. 28. The system of claim 19 wherein the download duration in g) is the download duration for at least two un-received application chunks in the download sequence and the playtime information includes playtime information associated with the at least two un-received application chunks. 29. Non-transitory instructions embedded in a computer readable medium that when executed cause a computer to carry out the method comprising;
a) receiving a request for an application from a user; b) sending a request for application chunk information; c) receiving the application chunk information wherein playtime information is associated with the application chunk information d) determining network information; e) predicting download duration from the application chunk information and network information; f) retrieving stored playtime information wherein the stored playtime information is associated with a previously received application chunk; g) comparing predicted download duration to the stored playtime information and the playtime information associated with the application chunk information; h) installing the previously received application chunk when the predicted download duration is less than the stored playtime information. | A method for accelerating the start time of an application is described herein, comprising receiving a request for an application from a user, sending a request for application chunk information, receiving the application chunk information wherein playtime information is associated with the application chunk information. Network information is determined and a download duration is predicted from the application chunk information and network information. Stored playtime information is retrieved wherein the stored playtime information is associated with a previously received application chunk. The predicted download duration is compared to the stored playtime information associated with the application chunk information and the previously received application chunk is installed when the predicted download duration is less than the stored playtime information.1. A method for accelerating the start time of an application, comprising:
a) receiving a request for an application from a user; b) sending a request for application chunk information; c) receiving the application chunk information wherein playtime information is associated with the application chunk information d) determining network information; e) predicting download duration from the application chunk information and network information; f) retrieving stored playtime information wherein the stored playtime information is associated with a previously received application chunk; g) comparing predicted download duration to the stored playtime information and the playtime information associated with the application chunk information; h) installing the previously received application chunk when the predicted download duration is less than the stored playtime information. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein g) further comprises comparing the stored application playtime information with a threshold and h) further comprises installing the application chunk when the stored playtime information at least meets the threshold. 3. The method of claim 1 further comprising providing the user access to the installed application chunk wherein the installed application chunk is a usable portion of the requested application. 4. The method of claim 3 further comprising receiving the requested application chunk and installing the requested application chunk. 5. The method of claim 1 wherein the playtime information is associated with the application chunk information as an entry in a table. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the playtime information is meta information in the application chunk information. 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the application chunk information includes information about a next application chunk in a download sequence. 8. The method of claim 1 wherein the application chunk information include information about a plurality of application chunks in a download sequence and the playtime information includes a plurality of playtimes wherein each playtimes in the plurality of playtimes is associated with an application chunk in the plurality of application chunks. 9. The method of claim 8 wherein predicting the download duration includes predicting a download duration for at least two un-received application chunks in the download sequence. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein the download duration in g) is the download duration for at least two un-received application chunks in the download sequence and the playtime information includes playtime information associated with the at least two un-received application chunks. 11. The method of claim 1 wherein the application chunk is a discrete portion of the application having a beginning state and an end state. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein the playtime information is an estimated time for a user to reach the end state of the application chunk from the beginning state. 13. The method of claim 12 wherein the estimated time for a user to reach the end state of the application chunk is determined from application testing. 14. The method of claim 12 wherein the estimated time for a user to reach the end state of the application is determined from aggregated user data received from a plurality of users. 15. The method of claim 11 wherein there is one beginning state and a plurality of end states. 16. The method of claim 11 wherein the application chunk is a video sequence and the playtime information is given a lowest possible weight. 17. The method of claim 11 wherein the application chunk is a menu and the playtime information is given a lowest possible weight. 18. The method of claim 11 wherein the download duration is prediction is generated by a Neural Network trained with a machine learning algorithm to predict download duration using network information. 19. A system comprising:
a processor; memory coupled to the processor; non-transitory instructions embedded in the memory that when executed cause the processor to carry out the method comprising; a) receiving a request for an application from a user; b) sending a request for application chunk information; c) receiving the application chunk information wherein playtime information is associated with the application chunk information d) determining network information; e) predicting download duration from the application chunk information and network information; f) retrieving stored playtime information wherein the stored playtime information is associated with a previously received application chunk; g) comparing predicted download duration to the stored playtime information and the playtime information associated with the application chunk information; h) installing the previously received application chunk when the predicted download duration is less than the stored playtime information. 20. The system of claim 19 wherein g) further comprises comparing the stored application playtime information with a threshold and h) further comprises installing the application chunk when the stored playtime information at least meets the threshold. 21. The system of claim 19 further comprising providing the user access to the installed application chunk wherein the installed application chunk is a usable portion of the requested application. 22. The system of claim 21 further comprising receiving the requested application chunk and installing the requested application chunk. 23. The system of claim 19 wherein the playtime information is associated with the application chunk information as an entry in a table. 24. The system of claim 11 wherein the playtime information is meta information in the application chunk information. 25. The system of claim 19 wherein the application chunk information includes information about a next application chunk in a download sequence. 26. The system of claim 19 wherein the application chunk information include information about a plurality of application chunks in a download sequence and the playtime information includes a plurality of playtimes wherein each playtimes in the plurality of playtimes is associated with an application chunk in the plurality of application chunks. 27. The system of claim 26 wherein predicting the download duration includes predicting a download duration for at least two un-received application chunks in the download sequence. 28. The system of claim 19 wherein the download duration in g) is the download duration for at least two un-received application chunks in the download sequence and the playtime information includes playtime information associated with the at least two un-received application chunks. 29. Non-transitory instructions embedded in a computer readable medium that when executed cause a computer to carry out the method comprising;
a) receiving a request for an application from a user; b) sending a request for application chunk information; c) receiving the application chunk information wherein playtime information is associated with the application chunk information d) determining network information; e) predicting download duration from the application chunk information and network information; f) retrieving stored playtime information wherein the stored playtime information is associated with a previously received application chunk; g) comparing predicted download duration to the stored playtime information and the playtime information associated with the application chunk information; h) installing the previously received application chunk when the predicted download duration is less than the stored playtime information. | 2,600 |
349,628 | 350,502 | 16,854,214 | 3,645 | A marine seismic data acquisition system includes a streamer spread including plural streamers; a first set of front sources configured to generate seismic waves; a streamer vessel towing the streamer spread and the first set of the front sources, in front of the streamer spread along an inline direction X; a second set of top sources configured to generate additional seismic waves; and first and second source vessels towing the second set of top sources directly above or below the streamer spread. A number NT of the top sources is larger than a number NF of the front sources. | 1. A marine seismic data acquisition system comprising:
a streamer spread including plural streamers; a first set of front sources configured to generate seismic waves; a streamer vessel towing the streamer spread and the first set of the front sources, in front of the streamer spread along an inline direction X; a second set of top sources configured to generate additional seismic waves; and first and second source vessels towing the second set of top sources directly above or below the streamer spread, wherein a number NT of the top sources is larger than a number NF of the front sources. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein a cross-line distance DSTy between adjacent top sources along a cross-line direction Y, which is perpendicular to the inline direction X, is larger than a cross-line distance DSFy between adjacent front sources. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein NT is 3 or 6 and NF is 2. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein a cross-line distance DSTy between adjacent top sources along a cross-line direction Y, which is perpendicular to the inline direction X, is larger than a cross-line distance DC between adjacent streamers of the plural streamers. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein a frequency spectrum FF of the first set of the front sources is different from a frequency spectrum FT of the second set of top sources. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the frequency spectrum FF partially or completely overlaps with the frequency spectrum FT. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the first source vessel is offset along the inline direction from the second source vessel. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the second set of the top sources includes a first and a second subset of top sources, the first subset is offset along the inline direction from the second subset, and a cross-line distance between adjacent first and second top sources, with the first top source belonging to the first subset and the second top source belonging to the second subset, is the same with a cross-line distance between adjacent sources from the first subset and adjacent sources from the second subset. 9. A marine seismic data acquisition system comprising:
a streamer spread including plural streamers; a first set of front sources configured to generate seismic waves, wherein the first set of the front sources is towed in front of the streamer spread, along an inline direction X; and a second set of top sources configured to generate additional seismic waves, wherein the second set of the top sources is directly above or below the streamer spread, wherein a number NT of the top sources is larger than a number NF of the front sources. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein a cross-line distance DSTy between adjacent top sources along a cross-line direction Y, which is perpendicular to the inline direction X, is larger than a cross-line distance DSFy between adjacent front sources. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein NT is 3 or 6 and NF is 2. 12. The system of claim 9, further comprising:
a first source vessel that tows a first subset of the second set of top sources; and a second source vessel that tows a second subset of the second set of the top sources. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the first source vessel is offset along the inline direction from the second source vessel. 14. The system of claim 12, wherein each of the first and second source vessels tows 5 top sources, and NF is 1 or 2. 15. The system of claim 9, further comprising:
a plurality of source vessels, each of the source vessels towing one top source of the second set. 16. The system of claim 9, wherein a cross-line distance DSTy between adjacent top sources along a cross-line direction Y, which is perpendicular to the inline direction X, is larger than a cross-line distance DC between adjacent streamers of the plural streamers. 17. The system of claim 9, wherein a frequency spectrum FF of the first set of the front sources is different from a frequency spectrum FT of the second set of top sources. 18. A method for configuring a marine seismic acquisition data system, the method comprising:
selecting a number NF of front sources, wherein the front sources are towed in front of a streamer spread, along an inline direction X; selecting a frequency range FF for the front sources; selecting a number NT of top sources, wherein the top sources are towed vertically directly above or below the streamer spread; and selecting a cross-line separation DSTy between adjacent top sources of the top sources that is larger than a cross-line separation DSFy between adjacent front sources of the front sources, wherein a cross-line direction is perpendicular to an inline direction. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the number NT is larger than the number NF. 20. The method of claim 18, further comprising:
selecting a frequency range for the top sources to be different from a frequency range for the front sources. | A marine seismic data acquisition system includes a streamer spread including plural streamers; a first set of front sources configured to generate seismic waves; a streamer vessel towing the streamer spread and the first set of the front sources, in front of the streamer spread along an inline direction X; a second set of top sources configured to generate additional seismic waves; and first and second source vessels towing the second set of top sources directly above or below the streamer spread. A number NT of the top sources is larger than a number NF of the front sources.1. A marine seismic data acquisition system comprising:
a streamer spread including plural streamers; a first set of front sources configured to generate seismic waves; a streamer vessel towing the streamer spread and the first set of the front sources, in front of the streamer spread along an inline direction X; a second set of top sources configured to generate additional seismic waves; and first and second source vessels towing the second set of top sources directly above or below the streamer spread, wherein a number NT of the top sources is larger than a number NF of the front sources. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein a cross-line distance DSTy between adjacent top sources along a cross-line direction Y, which is perpendicular to the inline direction X, is larger than a cross-line distance DSFy between adjacent front sources. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein NT is 3 or 6 and NF is 2. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein a cross-line distance DSTy between adjacent top sources along a cross-line direction Y, which is perpendicular to the inline direction X, is larger than a cross-line distance DC between adjacent streamers of the plural streamers. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein a frequency spectrum FF of the first set of the front sources is different from a frequency spectrum FT of the second set of top sources. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the frequency spectrum FF partially or completely overlaps with the frequency spectrum FT. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the first source vessel is offset along the inline direction from the second source vessel. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the second set of the top sources includes a first and a second subset of top sources, the first subset is offset along the inline direction from the second subset, and a cross-line distance between adjacent first and second top sources, with the first top source belonging to the first subset and the second top source belonging to the second subset, is the same with a cross-line distance between adjacent sources from the first subset and adjacent sources from the second subset. 9. A marine seismic data acquisition system comprising:
a streamer spread including plural streamers; a first set of front sources configured to generate seismic waves, wherein the first set of the front sources is towed in front of the streamer spread, along an inline direction X; and a second set of top sources configured to generate additional seismic waves, wherein the second set of the top sources is directly above or below the streamer spread, wherein a number NT of the top sources is larger than a number NF of the front sources. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein a cross-line distance DSTy between adjacent top sources along a cross-line direction Y, which is perpendicular to the inline direction X, is larger than a cross-line distance DSFy between adjacent front sources. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein NT is 3 or 6 and NF is 2. 12. The system of claim 9, further comprising:
a first source vessel that tows a first subset of the second set of top sources; and a second source vessel that tows a second subset of the second set of the top sources. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the first source vessel is offset along the inline direction from the second source vessel. 14. The system of claim 12, wherein each of the first and second source vessels tows 5 top sources, and NF is 1 or 2. 15. The system of claim 9, further comprising:
a plurality of source vessels, each of the source vessels towing one top source of the second set. 16. The system of claim 9, wherein a cross-line distance DSTy between adjacent top sources along a cross-line direction Y, which is perpendicular to the inline direction X, is larger than a cross-line distance DC between adjacent streamers of the plural streamers. 17. The system of claim 9, wherein a frequency spectrum FF of the first set of the front sources is different from a frequency spectrum FT of the second set of top sources. 18. A method for configuring a marine seismic acquisition data system, the method comprising:
selecting a number NF of front sources, wherein the front sources are towed in front of a streamer spread, along an inline direction X; selecting a frequency range FF for the front sources; selecting a number NT of top sources, wherein the top sources are towed vertically directly above or below the streamer spread; and selecting a cross-line separation DSTy between adjacent top sources of the top sources that is larger than a cross-line separation DSFy between adjacent front sources of the front sources, wherein a cross-line direction is perpendicular to an inline direction. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the number NT is larger than the number NF. 20. The method of claim 18, further comprising:
selecting a frequency range for the top sources to be different from a frequency range for the front sources. | 3,600 |
349,629 | 350,503 | 16,854,240 | 3,645 | Shapewear can be used to enhance the appearance of a wearer's buttocks. Typical buttock-enhancing garments include construction that is visible from the exterior and do not provide a natural shape. The garment disclosed herein has an exterior smoothing layer covering an interior construction. The interior construction includes an inner pocket layer and an outer pocket layer attached to an inner garment layer, thus suspending the pockets in the interior of the garment. Pads can be placed in the pockets. The pads and the interior pocket construction provides natural shape to the wearer without compression or bulk. | 1. A buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment comprising:
an outer garment layer, an inner garment layer, an outer pocket layer, an inner pocket layer, a right buttock pad, a left buttock pad, and a waistband; wherein the outer pocket layer and the inner pocket layer are configured to cover the buttocks area of the wearer; wherein the outer pocket layer and the inner pocket layer are attached to the inner garment layer at a pocket perimeter edge such that the outer pocket layer is between the inner pocket layer and the outer garment layer; wherein the outer pocket layer is attached to the waistband at a top outer pocket edge; wherein the outer pocket layer and a top inner pocket edge of the inner pocket layer define an upper pocket opening; and wherein a center seam extends inferiorly from the waistband through the outer pocket layer and inner pocket layer, the center seam separating the outer pocket layer and inner pocket layer into a right pocket and a left pocket, the right pocket configured to hold the right buttock pad and the left pocket configured to hold the left buttock pad. 2. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, wherein the outer pocket layer is mesh. 3. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, wherein the inner pocket layer is mesh. 4. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, wherein the waistband is attached to the outer garment layer, the inner garment layer, and the outer pocket layer, and is not visible from an exterior surface of the garment. 5. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 4, wherein the outer garment layer is configured to cover the waistband. 6. The buttocks-enhancing garment of claim 5, wherein the waistband has an upper edge and a lower edge, and wherein the outer garment layer extends over an outer surface of the waistband and is attached to the upper edge of the waistband. 7. The buttocks-enhancing garment of claim 6, wherein the inner garment layer and the outer pocket layer are attached to the lower edge of the waistband. 8. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 4, wherein the inner pocket layer is not attached to the waistband. 9. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, wherein the center seam extending inferiorly from the waistband is gathered. 10. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, wherein the outer garment layer and the inner garment layer are formed continuously from the same piece of fabric. 11. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 10, wherein the outer garment layer and inner garment layer define a right leg opening and a left leg opening, and wherein the outer garment layer and inner garment layer are connected at a fold along the right and left leg openings. 12. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 10, wherein the outer garment layer comprises an outer garment seam extending inferiorly from the waistband along a back side of the outer garment layer. 13. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, wherein the inner garment layer further comprises an inner garment edge along the pocket perimeter edge, and wherein the outer pocket layer is directly adjacent the outer garment layer. 14. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, wherein the inner pocket layer and the outer pocket layer are attached to the inner garment layer by a perimeter seam. 15. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 14, wherein the perimeter seam is a u-shaped seam that extends inferiorly from the waistband and is configured to curve under the buttocks of the wearer. 16. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, further comprising a crotch panel. 17. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 16, wherein the crotch panel is attached to the outer garment layer, the inner garment layer, the outer pocket layer, and the inner pocket layer by a crotch seam. 18. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, further comprising a crotch area, a right leg portion, and a left leg portion, wherein the right leg portion and left leg portion extend inferiorly from the crotch area. 19. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, wherein the right and left pads are oval-shaped, having two longer sides and two shorter sides. 20. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 19, where one of the longer sides of each pad is a less curved side, and the pads are placed in the pocket so that the less curved side is adjacent the center seam. 21. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 19, wherein the pads are thinner at the edges than at the center. 22. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, wherein in a first configuration, the right buttock pad and the left buttock pad are removed from the garment, and wherein in a second configuration, the right buttock pad and the left buttock pad are positioned within the right and left pockets such that a central, less curved side is adjacent the center seam. 23-30. (canceled) | Shapewear can be used to enhance the appearance of a wearer's buttocks. Typical buttock-enhancing garments include construction that is visible from the exterior and do not provide a natural shape. The garment disclosed herein has an exterior smoothing layer covering an interior construction. The interior construction includes an inner pocket layer and an outer pocket layer attached to an inner garment layer, thus suspending the pockets in the interior of the garment. Pads can be placed in the pockets. The pads and the interior pocket construction provides natural shape to the wearer without compression or bulk.1. A buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment comprising:
an outer garment layer, an inner garment layer, an outer pocket layer, an inner pocket layer, a right buttock pad, a left buttock pad, and a waistband; wherein the outer pocket layer and the inner pocket layer are configured to cover the buttocks area of the wearer; wherein the outer pocket layer and the inner pocket layer are attached to the inner garment layer at a pocket perimeter edge such that the outer pocket layer is between the inner pocket layer and the outer garment layer; wherein the outer pocket layer is attached to the waistband at a top outer pocket edge; wherein the outer pocket layer and a top inner pocket edge of the inner pocket layer define an upper pocket opening; and wherein a center seam extends inferiorly from the waistband through the outer pocket layer and inner pocket layer, the center seam separating the outer pocket layer and inner pocket layer into a right pocket and a left pocket, the right pocket configured to hold the right buttock pad and the left pocket configured to hold the left buttock pad. 2. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, wherein the outer pocket layer is mesh. 3. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, wherein the inner pocket layer is mesh. 4. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, wherein the waistband is attached to the outer garment layer, the inner garment layer, and the outer pocket layer, and is not visible from an exterior surface of the garment. 5. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 4, wherein the outer garment layer is configured to cover the waistband. 6. The buttocks-enhancing garment of claim 5, wherein the waistband has an upper edge and a lower edge, and wherein the outer garment layer extends over an outer surface of the waistband and is attached to the upper edge of the waistband. 7. The buttocks-enhancing garment of claim 6, wherein the inner garment layer and the outer pocket layer are attached to the lower edge of the waistband. 8. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 4, wherein the inner pocket layer is not attached to the waistband. 9. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, wherein the center seam extending inferiorly from the waistband is gathered. 10. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, wherein the outer garment layer and the inner garment layer are formed continuously from the same piece of fabric. 11. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 10, wherein the outer garment layer and inner garment layer define a right leg opening and a left leg opening, and wherein the outer garment layer and inner garment layer are connected at a fold along the right and left leg openings. 12. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 10, wherein the outer garment layer comprises an outer garment seam extending inferiorly from the waistband along a back side of the outer garment layer. 13. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, wherein the inner garment layer further comprises an inner garment edge along the pocket perimeter edge, and wherein the outer pocket layer is directly adjacent the outer garment layer. 14. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, wherein the inner pocket layer and the outer pocket layer are attached to the inner garment layer by a perimeter seam. 15. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 14, wherein the perimeter seam is a u-shaped seam that extends inferiorly from the waistband and is configured to curve under the buttocks of the wearer. 16. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, further comprising a crotch panel. 17. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 16, wherein the crotch panel is attached to the outer garment layer, the inner garment layer, the outer pocket layer, and the inner pocket layer by a crotch seam. 18. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, further comprising a crotch area, a right leg portion, and a left leg portion, wherein the right leg portion and left leg portion extend inferiorly from the crotch area. 19. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, wherein the right and left pads are oval-shaped, having two longer sides and two shorter sides. 20. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 19, where one of the longer sides of each pad is a less curved side, and the pads are placed in the pocket so that the less curved side is adjacent the center seam. 21. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 19, wherein the pads are thinner at the edges than at the center. 22. The buttocks-enhancing shapewear garment of claim 1, wherein in a first configuration, the right buttock pad and the left buttock pad are removed from the garment, and wherein in a second configuration, the right buttock pad and the left buttock pad are positioned within the right and left pockets such that a central, less curved side is adjacent the center seam. 23-30. (canceled) | 3,600 |
349,630 | 350,504 | 16,854,221 | 3,645 | Systems and methods for controlling access to a computing device. The methods include: detecting, by a computing device in a first state, two or more user actions of tactile input applied to only one or more physical volume control buttons of a housing of the computing device; determining that the detected two or more user actions of the tactile input are valid based on a code sequence; and changing the first state of the computing device to a second state to enable use of at least one functionality of the computing device, in response to determining that the detected two or more user actions of the tactile input are valid. | 1. A method, comprising:
detecting, by a computing device in a first state, two or more user actions of tactile input applied to only one or more physical volume control buttons of a housing of the computing device; determining that the detected two or more user actions of the tactile input are valid based on a code sequence; and in response to determining that the detected user actions are valid, changing the first state of the computing device to a second state to enable use of at least one functionality of the computing device. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first state is a locked state of the computing device, the second state is an unlocked state of the computing device, and the two or more user actions of the tactile input is a code sequence that initiates a change of state of the computing device from the locked state to the unlocked state. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the two or more user actions of the tactile input are selected from the group comprising: a long press action on a volume increase button, a long press action on a volume decrease button, a short press action on a volume increase button, a short press action on a volume decrease button, a long press of the volume increase button and the volume decrease button together, a short press of the volume increase button and the volume decrease button together, or a combination thereof. 4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising providing a tactile or auditory feedback to a user of the computing device, the feedback indicative of the computing device has changed from the first state to the second state. 5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising with the computing device being in the first state, locking a touch screen of the computing device and disabling the one or more physical volume control buttons, the disabled volume control buttons configured to no longer adjust a volume of audio output from the computing device. 6. The method according to claim 5, further comprising with the computing device being in the second state, enabling the one or more physical volume control buttons to adjust a volume of audio output from the computing device. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the two or more user actions of tactile input comprises vision-free code sequence entry into the computing device without the use of a touch screen of a display of the housing. 8. A computing device, comprising:
a housing; a speaker; one or more physical volume control buttons of the housing; and a processor, within the housing, configured to:
detect two or more user actions of tactile input applied to only one or more physical volume control buttons of the housing, wherein:
the one or more physical volume control buttons are configured to enter a pin code in a first state and control a volume of the speaker in a second state, the first state and the second state are different states,
determine that the detected two or more user actions of the tactile input are valid based on a pin code sequence, and
in response to determining that the detected user actions are valid, enable access to at least one functionality of the computing device. 9. The computing device according to claim 8, wherein the first state is a locked state to the at least one functionality of the computing device, the second state is an unlocked state of the computing device, and the two or more user actions of the tactile input is a pin code sequence that initiates a change of state of the computing device from the locked state to the unlocked state. 10. The computing device according to claim 8, wherein the two or more user actions of the tactile input are selected from the group comprising: a long press action on a volume increase button, a long press action on a volume decrease button, a short press action on a volume increase button, a short press action on a volume decrease button, a long press of the volume increase button and the volume decrease button together, a short press of the volume increase button and the volume decrease button together, or a combination thereof. 11. The computing device according to claim 8, further comprising a display having a touch screen, the touch screen being locked in the first state and wherein the processor is further configured to provide an auditory feedback to a user, via the speaker, the feedback being indicative of each tactile input on the one or more physical volume control buttons being treated as input of the pin code. 12. The computing device according to claim 8, wherein the processor is further configured to, with the computing device being in the second state, provide a tactile or auditory feedback to a user of the computing device, the feedback indicative that the computing device has changed from the first state to the second state. 13. The computing device according to claim 12, further comprising a display having a touch screen, the touch screen being locked in the first state. 14. The computing device according to claim 13, wherein the two or more user actions of tactile input comprise vision-free code sequence entry of the pin code without use of the touch screen. 15. A computing device having at least one functionality with controlled access, the computing device comprising:
a housing including a touch screen, a speaker and one or more physical volume control buttons configured to enter a pin code in a first state and control a volume of the speaker in a second state, the first state and the second state are different states; and a processor, within the housing, configured to:
detect two or more user actions of tactile input applied to only the one or more physical volume control buttons, during the first state,
determine a pin code sequence has been entered in response to the detected two or more user actions of the tactile input; and
in response to determining that the pin code sequence has been entered, enable access to the at least one functionality. 16. The device according to claim 15, wherein the first state is a locked state to the at least one functionality, the second state is an unlocked state of the at least one functionality, and the two or more user actions of the tactile input initiates a change of state from the locked state to the unlocked state. 17. The device according to claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to provide an auditory feedback to a user, via the speaker, the feedback being indicative of each tactile input on the one or more physical volume control buttons being treated as input of the pin code sequence. 18. The device according to claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to provide a tactile or auditory feedback to a user of the computing device, the feedback indicative that the computing device has changed from the first state to the second state. 19. The device according to claim 18, wherein the processor is further configured to lock the touch screen in the first state. 20. The device according to claim 19, wherein the two or more user actions of tactile input comprise vision-free code sequence entry of the pin code sequence without use of the locked touch screen. | Systems and methods for controlling access to a computing device. The methods include: detecting, by a computing device in a first state, two or more user actions of tactile input applied to only one or more physical volume control buttons of a housing of the computing device; determining that the detected two or more user actions of the tactile input are valid based on a code sequence; and changing the first state of the computing device to a second state to enable use of at least one functionality of the computing device, in response to determining that the detected two or more user actions of the tactile input are valid.1. A method, comprising:
detecting, by a computing device in a first state, two or more user actions of tactile input applied to only one or more physical volume control buttons of a housing of the computing device; determining that the detected two or more user actions of the tactile input are valid based on a code sequence; and in response to determining that the detected user actions are valid, changing the first state of the computing device to a second state to enable use of at least one functionality of the computing device. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first state is a locked state of the computing device, the second state is an unlocked state of the computing device, and the two or more user actions of the tactile input is a code sequence that initiates a change of state of the computing device from the locked state to the unlocked state. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the two or more user actions of the tactile input are selected from the group comprising: a long press action on a volume increase button, a long press action on a volume decrease button, a short press action on a volume increase button, a short press action on a volume decrease button, a long press of the volume increase button and the volume decrease button together, a short press of the volume increase button and the volume decrease button together, or a combination thereof. 4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising providing a tactile or auditory feedback to a user of the computing device, the feedback indicative of the computing device has changed from the first state to the second state. 5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising with the computing device being in the first state, locking a touch screen of the computing device and disabling the one or more physical volume control buttons, the disabled volume control buttons configured to no longer adjust a volume of audio output from the computing device. 6. The method according to claim 5, further comprising with the computing device being in the second state, enabling the one or more physical volume control buttons to adjust a volume of audio output from the computing device. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the two or more user actions of tactile input comprises vision-free code sequence entry into the computing device without the use of a touch screen of a display of the housing. 8. A computing device, comprising:
a housing; a speaker; one or more physical volume control buttons of the housing; and a processor, within the housing, configured to:
detect two or more user actions of tactile input applied to only one or more physical volume control buttons of the housing, wherein:
the one or more physical volume control buttons are configured to enter a pin code in a first state and control a volume of the speaker in a second state, the first state and the second state are different states,
determine that the detected two or more user actions of the tactile input are valid based on a pin code sequence, and
in response to determining that the detected user actions are valid, enable access to at least one functionality of the computing device. 9. The computing device according to claim 8, wherein the first state is a locked state to the at least one functionality of the computing device, the second state is an unlocked state of the computing device, and the two or more user actions of the tactile input is a pin code sequence that initiates a change of state of the computing device from the locked state to the unlocked state. 10. The computing device according to claim 8, wherein the two or more user actions of the tactile input are selected from the group comprising: a long press action on a volume increase button, a long press action on a volume decrease button, a short press action on a volume increase button, a short press action on a volume decrease button, a long press of the volume increase button and the volume decrease button together, a short press of the volume increase button and the volume decrease button together, or a combination thereof. 11. The computing device according to claim 8, further comprising a display having a touch screen, the touch screen being locked in the first state and wherein the processor is further configured to provide an auditory feedback to a user, via the speaker, the feedback being indicative of each tactile input on the one or more physical volume control buttons being treated as input of the pin code. 12. The computing device according to claim 8, wherein the processor is further configured to, with the computing device being in the second state, provide a tactile or auditory feedback to a user of the computing device, the feedback indicative that the computing device has changed from the first state to the second state. 13. The computing device according to claim 12, further comprising a display having a touch screen, the touch screen being locked in the first state. 14. The computing device according to claim 13, wherein the two or more user actions of tactile input comprise vision-free code sequence entry of the pin code without use of the touch screen. 15. A computing device having at least one functionality with controlled access, the computing device comprising:
a housing including a touch screen, a speaker and one or more physical volume control buttons configured to enter a pin code in a first state and control a volume of the speaker in a second state, the first state and the second state are different states; and a processor, within the housing, configured to:
detect two or more user actions of tactile input applied to only the one or more physical volume control buttons, during the first state,
determine a pin code sequence has been entered in response to the detected two or more user actions of the tactile input; and
in response to determining that the pin code sequence has been entered, enable access to the at least one functionality. 16. The device according to claim 15, wherein the first state is a locked state to the at least one functionality, the second state is an unlocked state of the at least one functionality, and the two or more user actions of the tactile input initiates a change of state from the locked state to the unlocked state. 17. The device according to claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to provide an auditory feedback to a user, via the speaker, the feedback being indicative of each tactile input on the one or more physical volume control buttons being treated as input of the pin code sequence. 18. The device according to claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to provide a tactile or auditory feedback to a user of the computing device, the feedback indicative that the computing device has changed from the first state to the second state. 19. The device according to claim 18, wherein the processor is further configured to lock the touch screen in the first state. 20. The device according to claim 19, wherein the two or more user actions of tactile input comprise vision-free code sequence entry of the pin code sequence without use of the locked touch screen. | 3,600 |
349,631 | 350,505 | 16,854,215 | 3,645 | The present disclosure relates to firearm lubricant compositions that serve to lubricate firearms and protect from rust and wear, and also contain a scent component that serves to mask the aversive smell of traditional firearm lubricant compositions. | 1. A scented firearm lubricant composition comprising a firearm lubricant and a scent or flavoring agent. 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the firearm lubricant comprises a mineral based oil, a petroleum based oil, a synthetic oil, a synthetic oil blend, or combinations thereof. 3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the firearm lubricant comprises at least one additive selected from the group consisting of an anti-wear additive, a rust inhibitor, a corrosion inhibitor, a dispersant, a surfactant, a kinematic viscosity improver, a viscosity index improver, an anti-oxidant, an anti-oxidation compound, a thickening agent, and combinations thereof. 4. The composition of claim 3, wherein the additive is a rust inhibitor. 5. The composition of claim 4, wherein the rust inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of alkanolamide, aminoborate, aminocarboxylate, naphthalene sulfonates, calcium sulfonates, barium sulfonates, overbased sulfonates, imidazoline, ethanolamine, nitrates, phosphate esters, calcium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate, and calcium petroleum sulfonate. 6. The composition of claim 1, wherein the thickening agent is selected from the group consisting of carboxy methylcellulose, ethylhydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyl functional acrylic microgel, hydroxymethyl cellulose, guar gum, acrylic polymers, swellable acrylic, amide wax, amides, clay, propylene carbonate, bentone, and mixtures thereof. 7. The composition of claim 1, wherein the firearm lubricant comprises a rheology modifier. 8. The composition of claim 7, wherein the rheology modifier is selected from the group consisting of 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester, plasticizers, acrylic polymers, alkyl sulfonic acid phenyl ester, azelate, benzoate, fumed silica, castor oil thixotrop, diethylhexyl phthalate, diisononyl phthalate, dioctyl terephthalate, organophosphate, and sulfonamide. 9. The composition of claim 1, wherein the scent or flavoring agent is selected from the group consisting of earth scent, pine scent, green apple scent, sour apple scent, and combinations thereof. 10. The composition of claim 1, wherein the scent or flavoring agent is earth scent. 11. The composition of claim 1, comprising:
a lubricant; a rust inhibitor; at least one thickening agent; water; a rheology modifier; an anti-wear additive; and earth scent. 12. The composition of claim 1, comprising:
about 50% to about 70% lubricant; about 1% to about 5% rust inhibitor; about 1% to about 5% of at least one thickening agent; water; about 5% to about 15% rheology modifier; about 10% to about 20% anti-wear additive; and about 0.1% to about 5% earth scent. 13. A method for a method for lubricating and reducing rust of a firearm and further disguising the smell of the firearm lubricant, the method comprising adding a scent component to a firearm lubricant in a sufficient quantity such that the scent of the firearm lubricant can no longer be detected, and applying the lubricant to the firearm. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the sufficient quantity of the scent component is from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the sufficient quantity of the scent component is about 1% by weight. 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the scent component is selected from the group consisting of earth scent, pine scent, green apple scent, sour apple scent, and combinations thereof. 17. The method of claim 13, wherein the scent component is earth scent. 18. A method for manufacturing a scented firearm lubricant composition, the method comprising adding a scent component to a firearm lubricant, and mixing the components until combined. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the scent component is added in an amount that corresponds to from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of the composition. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the scent component is added in an amount that corresponds to about 1% by weight of the composition. 21. The method of claim 18, wherein the scent component is selected from the group consisting of earth scent, pine scent, green apple scent, sour apple scent, and combinations thereof. 22. The method of claim 18, wherein the scent component is earth scent. | The present disclosure relates to firearm lubricant compositions that serve to lubricate firearms and protect from rust and wear, and also contain a scent component that serves to mask the aversive smell of traditional firearm lubricant compositions.1. A scented firearm lubricant composition comprising a firearm lubricant and a scent or flavoring agent. 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the firearm lubricant comprises a mineral based oil, a petroleum based oil, a synthetic oil, a synthetic oil blend, or combinations thereof. 3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the firearm lubricant comprises at least one additive selected from the group consisting of an anti-wear additive, a rust inhibitor, a corrosion inhibitor, a dispersant, a surfactant, a kinematic viscosity improver, a viscosity index improver, an anti-oxidant, an anti-oxidation compound, a thickening agent, and combinations thereof. 4. The composition of claim 3, wherein the additive is a rust inhibitor. 5. The composition of claim 4, wherein the rust inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of alkanolamide, aminoborate, aminocarboxylate, naphthalene sulfonates, calcium sulfonates, barium sulfonates, overbased sulfonates, imidazoline, ethanolamine, nitrates, phosphate esters, calcium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate, and calcium petroleum sulfonate. 6. The composition of claim 1, wherein the thickening agent is selected from the group consisting of carboxy methylcellulose, ethylhydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyl functional acrylic microgel, hydroxymethyl cellulose, guar gum, acrylic polymers, swellable acrylic, amide wax, amides, clay, propylene carbonate, bentone, and mixtures thereof. 7. The composition of claim 1, wherein the firearm lubricant comprises a rheology modifier. 8. The composition of claim 7, wherein the rheology modifier is selected from the group consisting of 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester, plasticizers, acrylic polymers, alkyl sulfonic acid phenyl ester, azelate, benzoate, fumed silica, castor oil thixotrop, diethylhexyl phthalate, diisononyl phthalate, dioctyl terephthalate, organophosphate, and sulfonamide. 9. The composition of claim 1, wherein the scent or flavoring agent is selected from the group consisting of earth scent, pine scent, green apple scent, sour apple scent, and combinations thereof. 10. The composition of claim 1, wherein the scent or flavoring agent is earth scent. 11. The composition of claim 1, comprising:
a lubricant; a rust inhibitor; at least one thickening agent; water; a rheology modifier; an anti-wear additive; and earth scent. 12. The composition of claim 1, comprising:
about 50% to about 70% lubricant; about 1% to about 5% rust inhibitor; about 1% to about 5% of at least one thickening agent; water; about 5% to about 15% rheology modifier; about 10% to about 20% anti-wear additive; and about 0.1% to about 5% earth scent. 13. A method for a method for lubricating and reducing rust of a firearm and further disguising the smell of the firearm lubricant, the method comprising adding a scent component to a firearm lubricant in a sufficient quantity such that the scent of the firearm lubricant can no longer be detected, and applying the lubricant to the firearm. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the sufficient quantity of the scent component is from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the sufficient quantity of the scent component is about 1% by weight. 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the scent component is selected from the group consisting of earth scent, pine scent, green apple scent, sour apple scent, and combinations thereof. 17. The method of claim 13, wherein the scent component is earth scent. 18. A method for manufacturing a scented firearm lubricant composition, the method comprising adding a scent component to a firearm lubricant, and mixing the components until combined. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the scent component is added in an amount that corresponds to from about 0.5% to about 1.5% by weight of the composition. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the scent component is added in an amount that corresponds to about 1% by weight of the composition. 21. The method of claim 18, wherein the scent component is selected from the group consisting of earth scent, pine scent, green apple scent, sour apple scent, and combinations thereof. 22. The method of claim 18, wherein the scent component is earth scent. | 3,600 |
349,632 | 350,506 | 16,854,229 | 2,685 | A method for detecting motion is provided. The method includes: detecting a motion of a body in order to generate motion data; detecting a location of an allowed movable body in order to generate location data; and determining whether the motion of the body is a motion of the allowed movable body based on at least the motion data and the location data. A security system for verifying a detected motion is also provided. The system includes: a motion detection system; a location detection system; and a processing unit configured to determine whether motion detected by the motion detection system is a motion of the allowed movable body. The system may be for performing the method of detecting motion. | 1. A method for detecting motion, the method comprising:
detecting a motion of a body in order to generate motion data; detecting a location of an allowed movable body in order to generate location data; and determining whether the motion of the body is a motion of the allowed movable body based on at least the motion data and the location data. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the detecting of a motion of a body and the detecting of a location of an allowed movable body are performed in a predetermined space. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the allowed movable body is a pet. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the allowed movable body is associated with a location indicator. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein detecting the location of an allowed movable body comprises:
sending at least one location request signal to the location indicator; and receiving at least one location signal from the location indicator in response to the location request signal. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein detecting the location of an allowed movable body comprises measuring a time delay between the location request signal being sent and the location signal being received by a location detector in order to calculate a distance between the allowed movable body and the location detector. 7. The method of claim 4, wherein at least three location request signals are sent each by one of three location detectors to the location indicator and a location signal is received from the location indicator at each of the three location detectors in response to each location request signal, and wherein trilateration is carried out based on the three location signals in order to determine the location of the location indicator associated with the allowed movable body. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the determination of whether the motion of the body is a motion of the allowed movable body based on at least the location data and the motion data comprises determining whether the allowed movable body is in a location where it could have produced the detected motion. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises triggering an alarm when a determination is made that the motion of the body is not a motion of the allowed movable body. 10. A security system for verifying a detected motion, the security system comprising:
a motion detection system configured to detect a motion of a body and generate motion data based on the motion of the body; a location detection system configured to detect a location of an allowed movable body and generate location data based on the location of the allowed movable body; and a processing unit configured to receive the motion data and the location data and determine whether the motion detected by the motion detection system is a motion of the allowed movable body. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the location detection system comprises a location indicator associated with the allowed movable body. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the location detection system is arranged to detect the location of an allowed movable body by:
sending at least one location request signal from a location sensor to the location indicator; and receiving at least one location signal at the location sensor from the location indicator in response to the location request signal. 13. The system of claim 10, wherein the location detection system comprises a plurality of location detection sensors and the motion detection system comprises a plurality of motion detectors. 14. An alarm system configured to carry out the method of claim 1. 15. A method of adapting a pre-existing security system so that it is configured to perform the method of claim 1. | A method for detecting motion is provided. The method includes: detecting a motion of a body in order to generate motion data; detecting a location of an allowed movable body in order to generate location data; and determining whether the motion of the body is a motion of the allowed movable body based on at least the motion data and the location data. A security system for verifying a detected motion is also provided. The system includes: a motion detection system; a location detection system; and a processing unit configured to determine whether motion detected by the motion detection system is a motion of the allowed movable body. The system may be for performing the method of detecting motion.1. A method for detecting motion, the method comprising:
detecting a motion of a body in order to generate motion data; detecting a location of an allowed movable body in order to generate location data; and determining whether the motion of the body is a motion of the allowed movable body based on at least the motion data and the location data. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the detecting of a motion of a body and the detecting of a location of an allowed movable body are performed in a predetermined space. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the allowed movable body is a pet. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the allowed movable body is associated with a location indicator. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein detecting the location of an allowed movable body comprises:
sending at least one location request signal to the location indicator; and receiving at least one location signal from the location indicator in response to the location request signal. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein detecting the location of an allowed movable body comprises measuring a time delay between the location request signal being sent and the location signal being received by a location detector in order to calculate a distance between the allowed movable body and the location detector. 7. The method of claim 4, wherein at least three location request signals are sent each by one of three location detectors to the location indicator and a location signal is received from the location indicator at each of the three location detectors in response to each location request signal, and wherein trilateration is carried out based on the three location signals in order to determine the location of the location indicator associated with the allowed movable body. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the determination of whether the motion of the body is a motion of the allowed movable body based on at least the location data and the motion data comprises determining whether the allowed movable body is in a location where it could have produced the detected motion. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises triggering an alarm when a determination is made that the motion of the body is not a motion of the allowed movable body. 10. A security system for verifying a detected motion, the security system comprising:
a motion detection system configured to detect a motion of a body and generate motion data based on the motion of the body; a location detection system configured to detect a location of an allowed movable body and generate location data based on the location of the allowed movable body; and a processing unit configured to receive the motion data and the location data and determine whether the motion detected by the motion detection system is a motion of the allowed movable body. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the location detection system comprises a location indicator associated with the allowed movable body. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the location detection system is arranged to detect the location of an allowed movable body by:
sending at least one location request signal from a location sensor to the location indicator; and receiving at least one location signal at the location sensor from the location indicator in response to the location request signal. 13. The system of claim 10, wherein the location detection system comprises a plurality of location detection sensors and the motion detection system comprises a plurality of motion detectors. 14. An alarm system configured to carry out the method of claim 1. 15. A method of adapting a pre-existing security system so that it is configured to perform the method of claim 1. | 2,600 |
349,633 | 350,507 | 16,854,235 | 2,685 | A method to evaluate the integrity of spot welds includes one or more of the following: projecting light from a light source at a spot weld to illuminate the spot weld; capturing an image of the illuminated spot weld with a camera; transmitting information about the image of the illuminated spot weld to a central processing unit (CPU); and evaluating with the CPU the information about the image of the illuminated spot weld coupled with an artificial intelligence neural networked-based algorithm to determine the integrity of the spot weld in real time. | 1. A method to evaluate the integrity of spot welds in the manufacturing of motor vehicles, the method comprising:
projecting light from a light source at a spot weld to illuminate the spot weld; capturing an image of the illuminated spot weld with a camera; transmitting information about the image of the illuminated spot weld to a central processing unit (CPU); and evaluating with the CPU the information about the image of the illuminated spot weld coupled with an artificial intelligence neural networked-based algorithm to determine the integrity of the spot weld in real time. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the neural network-based algorithm includes a training data base that is continuously updated. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the training data base that is continuously updated is a first input data and the information about the image of the illuminated spot weld is a second input data. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the first input data includes process and material data, lab test data, sensitivity analysis data and correlation data. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the sensitivity analysis includes changing one welding parameter while other welding parameters are kept constant and analysis of variations in mechanical and electrical machine setup of the process to produce spot welds. 6. The method of claim 3, wherein the spot weld is illuminated with different patterns, the second input data being a picture image or a video image of the spot weld that is colored or black and white, the picture image or the video image being converted to pixels. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the camera and the light source are housed in an assembly, each of the camera and the light source being independently movable. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the assembly is static. 9. The method of claim 7, wherein the assembly is movable by a robot. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the artificial intelligence neural networked-based algorithm is stored as software in a non-transitory memory system that communicates with the CPU. 11. A method to evaluate the integrity of spot welds in the manufacturing of motor vehicles, the method comprising:
projecting light with different patterns from at least one light source at a spot weld to illuminate the spot weld; capturing an image of the illuminated spot weld with at least one camera; transmitting information about the image of the illuminated spot weld to a central processing unit (CPU); and evaluating with the CPU the information about the image of the illuminated spot weld coupled with an artificial intelligence neural networked-based algorithm to determine the integrity of the spot weld in real time, the neural network-based algorithm including a training data base that is continuously updated, the training data base that is continuously updated being a first input data and the information about the image of the illuminated spot weld being a second input data. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the first input data includes process and material data, lab test data, sensitivity analysis data and correlation data. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the sensitivity analysis includes changing one welding parameter while other welding parameters are kept constant and analysis of variations in mechanical and electrical machine setup of the process to produce spot welds. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the second input data is a picture image or a video image of the spot weld that is colored or black and white, the picture image or the video image being converted to pixels. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one camera and the at least one light source are housed in an assembly, each of the at least one camera and the at least one light source being independently movable. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the artificial intelligence neural networked-based algorithm is stored as software in a non-transitory memory system that communicates with the CPU. 17. A system to evaluate the integrity of spot welds in the manufacturing of motor vehicles, the system comprising:
at least one light source that projects light different patterns at a spot weld to illuminate the spot weld; a camera that captures an image of the illuminated spot weld; and a central processing unit (CPU) that receives information about the image of the illuminated spot weld, wherein the CPU evaluates the information about the image of the illuminated spot weld coupled with an artificial intelligence neural networked-based algorithm to determine the integrity of the spot weld in real time, the artificial intelligence neural networked-based algorithm being stored as software in a non-transitory memory system that communicates with the CPU, and wherein the neural network-based algorithm includes a training data base that is continuously updated, the training data base that is continuously updated being a first input data and the information about the image of the illuminated spot weld being a second input data. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the first input data includes process and material data, lab test data, sensitivity analysis data and correlation data, the sensitivity analysis including changing one welding parameter while other welding parameters are kept constant and analysis of variations in the mechanical and electrical machine setup of the process to produce spot welds. 19. The system of claim 17, wherein the second input data is a picture image or a video image of the spot weld that is colored or black and white, the picture image or the video image being converted to pixels. 20. The system of claim 17, wherein the at least one camera and the at least one light source are housed in an assembly, each of the at least one camera and the at least one light source being independently movable. | A method to evaluate the integrity of spot welds includes one or more of the following: projecting light from a light source at a spot weld to illuminate the spot weld; capturing an image of the illuminated spot weld with a camera; transmitting information about the image of the illuminated spot weld to a central processing unit (CPU); and evaluating with the CPU the information about the image of the illuminated spot weld coupled with an artificial intelligence neural networked-based algorithm to determine the integrity of the spot weld in real time.1. A method to evaluate the integrity of spot welds in the manufacturing of motor vehicles, the method comprising:
projecting light from a light source at a spot weld to illuminate the spot weld; capturing an image of the illuminated spot weld with a camera; transmitting information about the image of the illuminated spot weld to a central processing unit (CPU); and evaluating with the CPU the information about the image of the illuminated spot weld coupled with an artificial intelligence neural networked-based algorithm to determine the integrity of the spot weld in real time. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the neural network-based algorithm includes a training data base that is continuously updated. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the training data base that is continuously updated is a first input data and the information about the image of the illuminated spot weld is a second input data. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the first input data includes process and material data, lab test data, sensitivity analysis data and correlation data. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the sensitivity analysis includes changing one welding parameter while other welding parameters are kept constant and analysis of variations in mechanical and electrical machine setup of the process to produce spot welds. 6. The method of claim 3, wherein the spot weld is illuminated with different patterns, the second input data being a picture image or a video image of the spot weld that is colored or black and white, the picture image or the video image being converted to pixels. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the camera and the light source are housed in an assembly, each of the camera and the light source being independently movable. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the assembly is static. 9. The method of claim 7, wherein the assembly is movable by a robot. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the artificial intelligence neural networked-based algorithm is stored as software in a non-transitory memory system that communicates with the CPU. 11. A method to evaluate the integrity of spot welds in the manufacturing of motor vehicles, the method comprising:
projecting light with different patterns from at least one light source at a spot weld to illuminate the spot weld; capturing an image of the illuminated spot weld with at least one camera; transmitting information about the image of the illuminated spot weld to a central processing unit (CPU); and evaluating with the CPU the information about the image of the illuminated spot weld coupled with an artificial intelligence neural networked-based algorithm to determine the integrity of the spot weld in real time, the neural network-based algorithm including a training data base that is continuously updated, the training data base that is continuously updated being a first input data and the information about the image of the illuminated spot weld being a second input data. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the first input data includes process and material data, lab test data, sensitivity analysis data and correlation data. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the sensitivity analysis includes changing one welding parameter while other welding parameters are kept constant and analysis of variations in mechanical and electrical machine setup of the process to produce spot welds. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the second input data is a picture image or a video image of the spot weld that is colored or black and white, the picture image or the video image being converted to pixels. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one camera and the at least one light source are housed in an assembly, each of the at least one camera and the at least one light source being independently movable. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the artificial intelligence neural networked-based algorithm is stored as software in a non-transitory memory system that communicates with the CPU. 17. A system to evaluate the integrity of spot welds in the manufacturing of motor vehicles, the system comprising:
at least one light source that projects light different patterns at a spot weld to illuminate the spot weld; a camera that captures an image of the illuminated spot weld; and a central processing unit (CPU) that receives information about the image of the illuminated spot weld, wherein the CPU evaluates the information about the image of the illuminated spot weld coupled with an artificial intelligence neural networked-based algorithm to determine the integrity of the spot weld in real time, the artificial intelligence neural networked-based algorithm being stored as software in a non-transitory memory system that communicates with the CPU, and wherein the neural network-based algorithm includes a training data base that is continuously updated, the training data base that is continuously updated being a first input data and the information about the image of the illuminated spot weld being a second input data. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the first input data includes process and material data, lab test data, sensitivity analysis data and correlation data, the sensitivity analysis including changing one welding parameter while other welding parameters are kept constant and analysis of variations in the mechanical and electrical machine setup of the process to produce spot welds. 19. The system of claim 17, wherein the second input data is a picture image or a video image of the spot weld that is colored or black and white, the picture image or the video image being converted to pixels. 20. The system of claim 17, wherein the at least one camera and the at least one light source are housed in an assembly, each of the at least one camera and the at least one light source being independently movable. | 2,600 |
349,634 | 350,508 | 16,854,201 | 2,685 | A joint point-of-care testing (POCT) analyzer, and a system comprising an analyzer and a cartridge, for measuring one or more analyte quantities per unit volume of blood and one or more formed element quantities per unit volume of blood, is described. Examples of formed elements of blood are red blood cells and white blood cells, and cell counts are determined by imaging using a two-dimensional multi-channel detector. Examples of analytes are hemoglobin and bilirubin, and hemoglobin and bilirubin concentrations are determined by spectroscopy using a one-dimensional multi-channel detector. Other examples of analytes are electrolytes, and electrolyte concentrations may be determined using biosensors incorporated in the cartridges. | 1. A cartridge for measuring one or more properties of a blood sample, the cartridge comprising:
a cartridge body;
the cartridge body comprising an upper surface and a lower surface, the upper surface defining a sample storage well, and an optical chamber in fluid communication with the sample storage well;
the sample storage well comprising a top portion for receiving the blood sample and a bottom portion, the bottom portion for releasing at least a portion of the blood sample into the optical chamber, or for receiving a liquid stored within the cartridge or from a system when the cartridge is in fluid communication with the system, the liquid for mixing with the blood sample to produce an altered blood sample and releasing at least a portion of the altered blood sample into the optical chamber;
the optical chamber comprising at least one of an upper optical window and a lower optical window, the optical chamber for facilitating interrogation of the blood sample, or the altered blood sample by electromagnetic radiation;
a post-optical chamber conduit for receiving excess blood or excess altered blood from the optical chamber;
a flat surface located on the upper surface of the cartridge body, the flat surface of the cartridge body surrounding the top portion of the sample storage well;
one or more tracks that slidingly attach a sliding cap to the cartridge body, the sliding cap having a top side and an underside, wherein the underside of the sliding cap comprises a cap flat surface, the cap flat surface faces, and slides along, the upper surface, the sliding cap slidable from a first position to a second position;
in the first position the sample storage well is configured to receive the blood sample; and
in the second position at least a portion the flat surface of the cartridge body mates with at least a portion of the cap flat surface and the sliding cap is positioned over the sample storage well;
the cartridge further comprising at least one vent defined by a surface in the cap, or the at least one vent defined by a surface in the post-optical chamber conduit; and the cartridge comprising a means for moving the blood sample or the altered blood sample out of the sample storage well and into the optical chamber. 2. The cartridge of claim 1, wherein the means for moving the blood sample or the altered blood sample comprises:
an air bladder disposed in the cartridge body, the air bladder in fluid communication with the sample storage well, the optical chamber and the post-optical chamber conduit, or an analyzer pump attachable to the cartridge body and in fluid communication with the sample storage well, the optical chamber and the post-optical chamber conduit. 3. A cartridge for measuring one or more properties of a blood sample, the cartridge comprising:
a cartridge body; the cartridge body comprising an upper surface and a lower surface, the upper surface defining a sample storage well, the sample storage well comprising a top portion for receiving the blood sample, and a bottom portion for receiving a liquid for mixing with the blood sample to produce an altered blood sample; an optical chamber in fluid communication with the sample storage well, the optical chamber comprising at least one of an upper optical window and a lower optical window, the optical chamber for facilitating sample interrogation by electromagnetic radiation; a flat surface located on the upper surface of the cartridge body, the flat surface of the cartridge body surrounding the top portion of the sample storage well; a hollow sliding cap, slidably attached to the upper surface, the hollow sliding cap comprising an upper cap wall, a lower cap wall, side walls connecting the upper cap wall with the lower cap wall, the upper cap wall, the lower cap wall and the side walls defining a cap mixing cavity, the upper cap wall defining a cap vent for releasing pressure in the cap mixing cavity, the lower cap wall comprising a lower cap flat surface, the lower cap wall defining a cap inlet leading into the cap mixing cavity, the lower flat cap surface faces and slides along the upper surface, the hollow sliding cap movable from a first position to a second position; in the first position the sample storage well is configured to receive the blood sample; in the second position at least a portion of the flat surface of the cartridge body mates with at least a portion of the lower cap flat surface, and at least a section of the top portion of the sample storage well and at least a section of the cap inlet are brought into alignment so that the sample storage well is in fluid communication with the cap mixing cavity; and 4. The cartridge of claim 3, wherein the cartridge body further comprises one of:
one or more tracks that slidingly attach the hollow sliding cap to the cartridge body, the one or more tracks for sliding the hollow sliding cap from the first position to the second position, and a pivot that slidingly attaches the hollow sliding cap to the cartridge body, the pivot for rotatably sliding the hollow sliding cap from the first position to the second position. 5. The cartridge of claim 3, wherein the cartridge body further comprises:
a directional valve stem moveable from a first position to a second position wherein, in the first position, the blood sample and the liquid are not in fluid communication, in the second position, a fluid communication between the blood sample and liquid is established; and a means for moving the valve stem from the first position to the second position. 6. The cartridge of claim 5 wherein, when the cartridge is inserted into an analyzer, the means for moving the valve stem from the first position to the second position is provided by the analyzer. 7. The cartridge of claim 6, wherein the cartridge body further comprises:
a sealed blister containing the liquid, a means for rupturing the sealed blister to produce a ruptured blister, a liquid holding conduit in communication with the sample storage well when the valve is in the second position, the liquid holding conduit for temporarily holding a metered volume of the liquid after the liquid is released from the ruptured blister. 8. The cartridge of claim 6, wherein the cartridge body further comprises, a flappable valve element for preventing backflow of the liquid from the liquid holding conduit into the ruptured blister. 9. The cartridge of claim 2, wherein:
the at least one vent is defined by the surface of the post-optical chamber conduit, and the flat surface of the cartridge body comprises an air bladder communication port or an associated analyzer pump communication port, and when the sliding cap is positioned over the sample storage well, a closed air passage is formed, the closed air passage operatively connecting the air bladder communication port, or the associated analyzer pump communication port to the sample storage well so that pressurized air from the air bladder, or the associated analyzer pump, is transferable to the sample storage well, wherein the closed air passage is facilitated by
a groove set into the upper surface of the cartridge body and aligned with the cap flat surface when the sliding cap is in the second position,
a recess set into the underside of the cap, or
a combination thereof, 10. The cartridge of claim 1, wherein the vent is defined by a surface in the cap, and the cartridge further comprises a cartridge exit duct operatively connected to the optical chamber, the cartridge exit duct attachable to an analyzer pump so that when the cartridge body is operatively connected to the analyzer pump, negative pressure from the analyzer pump is transferable through the exit duct and the optical chamber to the bottom portion of the sample storage well. 11. The cartridge of claim 3, wherein the post-optical chamber conduit comprises one or more reagents, the one or more reagents for mixing with the blood sample when present to produce an altered blood sample, and a means for drawing the altered blood sample into the optical chamber for altered blood sample interrogation. 12. A system for measuring one or more properties of a blood sample, the system comprising a cartridge of claim 1 and an analyzer, the analyzer comprising:
a receptor for receiving the cartridge;
at least one source of interrogating electromagnetic radiation (EMR) for interrogating at least some of the blood sample when the blood sample is positioned within the optical chamber, or for interrogating at least some of the altered blood sample when the altered blood sample is positioned within the optical chamber;
at least one of:
a one-dimensional multi-channel detector for receiving EMR emerging from one of the blood sample in the optical chamber or the altered blood sample in the optical chamber, via an EMR dispersing element, the EMR dispersing element for providing wavelength-specific EMR and the one-dimensional multi-channel detector for generating wavelength-specific electrical signals, or
a two-dimensional multi-channel detector for receiving EMR emerging from one of the blood sample in the optical chamber or the blood sample in the optical chamber, and generating detector-specific electrical signals;
one or more analog to digital converter for receiving one or more of the wavelength-specific electrical signals for generating wavelength-specific digital information, or the detector-specific electrical signals for generating detector-specific digital information; and
one or more processors for controlling the analyzer and transforming at least one of the wavelength-specific digital information and the detector-specific digital information into the one or more properties of the blood sample. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the system comprises the one-dimensional multi-channel detector and the two-dimensional multi-channel detector. 14. A system for measuring one or more properties of a blood sample, the system comprising the cartridge of claim 3 and an analyzer, the analyzer comprising:
a receptor for receiving the cartridge;
at least one source of interrogating electromagnetic radiation (EMR) for interrogating at least some of the altered blood when the altered blood is positioned within the optical chamber;
at least one of:
a one-dimensional multi-channel detector for receiving EMR emerging from the altered blood sample in the optical chamber via an EMR dispersing element, the EMR dispersing element for providing wavelength-specific EMR, and the one-dimensional multi-channel detector for generating wavelength-specific electrical signals, or
a two-dimensional multi-channel detector for receiving EMR emerging from the altered blood sample in the optical chamber, and generating detector-specific electrical signals;
one or more analog to digital converter for receiving one or more of the wavelength-specific electrical signals for generating wavelength-specific digital information and the detector-specific electrical signals for generating detector-specific digital information; and
one or more processors for controlling the analyzer and transforming at least one of the wavelength-specific digital information and the detector-specific digital information into the one or more properties of a blood sample. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein system comprises the one-dimensional multi-channel detector and the two-dimensional multi-channel detector. 16. The cartridge of claim 3, wherein the means for moving the blood sample and the liquid, and for moving the altered blood sample comprises:
an air bladder disposed in the cartridge body, the air bladder in fluid communication with the optical chamber and the sample storage well, or an analyzer pump attachable to the cartridge body and in fluid communication with the optical chamber and the sample storage well. 17. The system of claim 12, wherein the means for moving the blood sample or the altered blood sample comprises:
an air bladder disposed in the cartridge body, the air bladder in fluid communication with the optical chamber and the sample storage well, or an analyzer pump attachable to the cartridge body and in fluid communication with the optical chamber and the sample storage well. 18. The system of claim 14, wherein the means for moving the blood sample and the liquid into the cap mixing cavity, and for moving the altered blood sample into the optical chamber comprises:
an air bladder disposed in the cartridge body, the air bladder in fluid communication with the optical chamber and the sample storage well, or an analyzer pump attachable to the cartridge body and in fluid communication with the optical chamber and the sample storage well. 19. The system of claim 14, wherein the cartridge comprises the liquid in a sealed blister, or the cartridge is in fluid communication with the analyzer and the analyzer comprises the liquid in an analyzer liquid pouch. 20. A cartridge for measuring one or more properties of a blood sample, the cartridge comprising:
a cartridge body comprising an upper surface and a lower surface, the upper surface defining a sample storage well, and one or more detection chambers in fluid communication with the sample storage well; the sample storage well comprising a top portion for receiving the blood sample and a bottom portion, the bottom portion for releasing at least a portion of the blood sample into the one or more detection chambers; a detection chamber exit conduit for receiving excess blood from the one or more detection chambers; a flat surface located on the upper surface of the cartridge body, the flat surface of the cartridge body surrounding the top portion of the sample storage well; one or more tracks that slidingly attach a sliding cap to the cartridge body, the sliding cap having a top side and an underside, wherein the underside of the sliding cap comprises a cap flat surface, the cap flat surface faces, and slides along, the upper surface, the sliding cap slidable from a first position to a second position; in the first position the sample storage well is configured to receive the blood sample; and in the second position at least a portion of the flat surface of the cartridge body mates with at least a portion of the cap flat surface and the sliding cap is positioned over the sample storage well; 21. The cartridge of claim 20, wherein the means for moving the blood sample comprises:
an air bladder disposed in the cartridge body, the air bladder in fluid communication with the sample storage well, the one or more detection chambers and the detection chamber exit conduit, or an analyzer pump attachable to the cartridge body and in fluid communication with the sample storage well, the one or more detection chambers and the detection chamber exit conduit. 22. The cartridge of claim 20, wherein the one or more detection chambers comprises an optical chamber having at least one of an upper optical window and a lower optical window, the optical chamber for facilitating interrogation of the blood sample by electromagnetic radiation. 23. The cartridge of claim 20, wherein the one or more detection chambers comprises an electrochemical sensor chamber having at least one of an amperometric sensor, a conductivity sensor and a potentiometric sensor. 24. The cartridge of claim 20, wherein the one or more detection chambers comprises an optical chamber having at least one of an upper optical window and a lower optical window, the optical chamber for facilitating interrogation of the blood sample by electromagnetic radiation, and an electrochemical sensor chamber having at least one of an amperometric sensor, a conductivity sensor and a potentiometric sensor, and wherein the optical chamber is disposed between the sample storage well and the electrochemical sensor chamber, whereby the electrochemical sensor chamber receives blood flowing out of the optical chamber. 25. The cartridge of claim 24, further comprising means for calibrating at least one of the electrochemical sensors. 26. The cartridge of claim 20, wherein the one or more tracks is a female track having
a first height defined as a height along a first portion of the track, wherein the first portion of the track is a portion of the track occupied by the cap when the cap is in the first position, and a second height defined as a height along a second portion of the track, wherein the second portion of the track is a portion of the track occupied by the cap when the cap is in the second position, wherein the first height and the second height are sufficiently high to facilitate movement of the cap along the track, and wherein the second height is sufficiently smaller than the first height in order to provide an airtight seal between the cap and the cartridge when the cap is in the second position. 27. The cartridge of claim 20, wherein cartridge further comprises one or more reagents and means for mixing the blood sample and one or more reagents. 28. The cartridge of claim 1, wherein the cartridge further comprises means for mitigating blood flow out of the bottom portion of the sample storage well when blood is received in the sample storage well through the top portion. 29. The claim of cartridge 20, wherein the cartridge further comprises means for mitigating blood flow out of the bottom portion of the sample storage well when blood is received in the sample storage well through the top portion. | A joint point-of-care testing (POCT) analyzer, and a system comprising an analyzer and a cartridge, for measuring one or more analyte quantities per unit volume of blood and one or more formed element quantities per unit volume of blood, is described. Examples of formed elements of blood are red blood cells and white blood cells, and cell counts are determined by imaging using a two-dimensional multi-channel detector. Examples of analytes are hemoglobin and bilirubin, and hemoglobin and bilirubin concentrations are determined by spectroscopy using a one-dimensional multi-channel detector. Other examples of analytes are electrolytes, and electrolyte concentrations may be determined using biosensors incorporated in the cartridges.1. A cartridge for measuring one or more properties of a blood sample, the cartridge comprising:
a cartridge body;
the cartridge body comprising an upper surface and a lower surface, the upper surface defining a sample storage well, and an optical chamber in fluid communication with the sample storage well;
the sample storage well comprising a top portion for receiving the blood sample and a bottom portion, the bottom portion for releasing at least a portion of the blood sample into the optical chamber, or for receiving a liquid stored within the cartridge or from a system when the cartridge is in fluid communication with the system, the liquid for mixing with the blood sample to produce an altered blood sample and releasing at least a portion of the altered blood sample into the optical chamber;
the optical chamber comprising at least one of an upper optical window and a lower optical window, the optical chamber for facilitating interrogation of the blood sample, or the altered blood sample by electromagnetic radiation;
a post-optical chamber conduit for receiving excess blood or excess altered blood from the optical chamber;
a flat surface located on the upper surface of the cartridge body, the flat surface of the cartridge body surrounding the top portion of the sample storage well;
one or more tracks that slidingly attach a sliding cap to the cartridge body, the sliding cap having a top side and an underside, wherein the underside of the sliding cap comprises a cap flat surface, the cap flat surface faces, and slides along, the upper surface, the sliding cap slidable from a first position to a second position;
in the first position the sample storage well is configured to receive the blood sample; and
in the second position at least a portion the flat surface of the cartridge body mates with at least a portion of the cap flat surface and the sliding cap is positioned over the sample storage well;
the cartridge further comprising at least one vent defined by a surface in the cap, or the at least one vent defined by a surface in the post-optical chamber conduit; and the cartridge comprising a means for moving the blood sample or the altered blood sample out of the sample storage well and into the optical chamber. 2. The cartridge of claim 1, wherein the means for moving the blood sample or the altered blood sample comprises:
an air bladder disposed in the cartridge body, the air bladder in fluid communication with the sample storage well, the optical chamber and the post-optical chamber conduit, or an analyzer pump attachable to the cartridge body and in fluid communication with the sample storage well, the optical chamber and the post-optical chamber conduit. 3. A cartridge for measuring one or more properties of a blood sample, the cartridge comprising:
a cartridge body; the cartridge body comprising an upper surface and a lower surface, the upper surface defining a sample storage well, the sample storage well comprising a top portion for receiving the blood sample, and a bottom portion for receiving a liquid for mixing with the blood sample to produce an altered blood sample; an optical chamber in fluid communication with the sample storage well, the optical chamber comprising at least one of an upper optical window and a lower optical window, the optical chamber for facilitating sample interrogation by electromagnetic radiation; a flat surface located on the upper surface of the cartridge body, the flat surface of the cartridge body surrounding the top portion of the sample storage well; a hollow sliding cap, slidably attached to the upper surface, the hollow sliding cap comprising an upper cap wall, a lower cap wall, side walls connecting the upper cap wall with the lower cap wall, the upper cap wall, the lower cap wall and the side walls defining a cap mixing cavity, the upper cap wall defining a cap vent for releasing pressure in the cap mixing cavity, the lower cap wall comprising a lower cap flat surface, the lower cap wall defining a cap inlet leading into the cap mixing cavity, the lower flat cap surface faces and slides along the upper surface, the hollow sliding cap movable from a first position to a second position; in the first position the sample storage well is configured to receive the blood sample; in the second position at least a portion of the flat surface of the cartridge body mates with at least a portion of the lower cap flat surface, and at least a section of the top portion of the sample storage well and at least a section of the cap inlet are brought into alignment so that the sample storage well is in fluid communication with the cap mixing cavity; and 4. The cartridge of claim 3, wherein the cartridge body further comprises one of:
one or more tracks that slidingly attach the hollow sliding cap to the cartridge body, the one or more tracks for sliding the hollow sliding cap from the first position to the second position, and a pivot that slidingly attaches the hollow sliding cap to the cartridge body, the pivot for rotatably sliding the hollow sliding cap from the first position to the second position. 5. The cartridge of claim 3, wherein the cartridge body further comprises:
a directional valve stem moveable from a first position to a second position wherein, in the first position, the blood sample and the liquid are not in fluid communication, in the second position, a fluid communication between the blood sample and liquid is established; and a means for moving the valve stem from the first position to the second position. 6. The cartridge of claim 5 wherein, when the cartridge is inserted into an analyzer, the means for moving the valve stem from the first position to the second position is provided by the analyzer. 7. The cartridge of claim 6, wherein the cartridge body further comprises:
a sealed blister containing the liquid, a means for rupturing the sealed blister to produce a ruptured blister, a liquid holding conduit in communication with the sample storage well when the valve is in the second position, the liquid holding conduit for temporarily holding a metered volume of the liquid after the liquid is released from the ruptured blister. 8. The cartridge of claim 6, wherein the cartridge body further comprises, a flappable valve element for preventing backflow of the liquid from the liquid holding conduit into the ruptured blister. 9. The cartridge of claim 2, wherein:
the at least one vent is defined by the surface of the post-optical chamber conduit, and the flat surface of the cartridge body comprises an air bladder communication port or an associated analyzer pump communication port, and when the sliding cap is positioned over the sample storage well, a closed air passage is formed, the closed air passage operatively connecting the air bladder communication port, or the associated analyzer pump communication port to the sample storage well so that pressurized air from the air bladder, or the associated analyzer pump, is transferable to the sample storage well, wherein the closed air passage is facilitated by
a groove set into the upper surface of the cartridge body and aligned with the cap flat surface when the sliding cap is in the second position,
a recess set into the underside of the cap, or
a combination thereof, 10. The cartridge of claim 1, wherein the vent is defined by a surface in the cap, and the cartridge further comprises a cartridge exit duct operatively connected to the optical chamber, the cartridge exit duct attachable to an analyzer pump so that when the cartridge body is operatively connected to the analyzer pump, negative pressure from the analyzer pump is transferable through the exit duct and the optical chamber to the bottom portion of the sample storage well. 11. The cartridge of claim 3, wherein the post-optical chamber conduit comprises one or more reagents, the one or more reagents for mixing with the blood sample when present to produce an altered blood sample, and a means for drawing the altered blood sample into the optical chamber for altered blood sample interrogation. 12. A system for measuring one or more properties of a blood sample, the system comprising a cartridge of claim 1 and an analyzer, the analyzer comprising:
a receptor for receiving the cartridge;
at least one source of interrogating electromagnetic radiation (EMR) for interrogating at least some of the blood sample when the blood sample is positioned within the optical chamber, or for interrogating at least some of the altered blood sample when the altered blood sample is positioned within the optical chamber;
at least one of:
a one-dimensional multi-channel detector for receiving EMR emerging from one of the blood sample in the optical chamber or the altered blood sample in the optical chamber, via an EMR dispersing element, the EMR dispersing element for providing wavelength-specific EMR and the one-dimensional multi-channel detector for generating wavelength-specific electrical signals, or
a two-dimensional multi-channel detector for receiving EMR emerging from one of the blood sample in the optical chamber or the blood sample in the optical chamber, and generating detector-specific electrical signals;
one or more analog to digital converter for receiving one or more of the wavelength-specific electrical signals for generating wavelength-specific digital information, or the detector-specific electrical signals for generating detector-specific digital information; and
one or more processors for controlling the analyzer and transforming at least one of the wavelength-specific digital information and the detector-specific digital information into the one or more properties of the blood sample. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the system comprises the one-dimensional multi-channel detector and the two-dimensional multi-channel detector. 14. A system for measuring one or more properties of a blood sample, the system comprising the cartridge of claim 3 and an analyzer, the analyzer comprising:
a receptor for receiving the cartridge;
at least one source of interrogating electromagnetic radiation (EMR) for interrogating at least some of the altered blood when the altered blood is positioned within the optical chamber;
at least one of:
a one-dimensional multi-channel detector for receiving EMR emerging from the altered blood sample in the optical chamber via an EMR dispersing element, the EMR dispersing element for providing wavelength-specific EMR, and the one-dimensional multi-channel detector for generating wavelength-specific electrical signals, or
a two-dimensional multi-channel detector for receiving EMR emerging from the altered blood sample in the optical chamber, and generating detector-specific electrical signals;
one or more analog to digital converter for receiving one or more of the wavelength-specific electrical signals for generating wavelength-specific digital information and the detector-specific electrical signals for generating detector-specific digital information; and
one or more processors for controlling the analyzer and transforming at least one of the wavelength-specific digital information and the detector-specific digital information into the one or more properties of a blood sample. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein system comprises the one-dimensional multi-channel detector and the two-dimensional multi-channel detector. 16. The cartridge of claim 3, wherein the means for moving the blood sample and the liquid, and for moving the altered blood sample comprises:
an air bladder disposed in the cartridge body, the air bladder in fluid communication with the optical chamber and the sample storage well, or an analyzer pump attachable to the cartridge body and in fluid communication with the optical chamber and the sample storage well. 17. The system of claim 12, wherein the means for moving the blood sample or the altered blood sample comprises:
an air bladder disposed in the cartridge body, the air bladder in fluid communication with the optical chamber and the sample storage well, or an analyzer pump attachable to the cartridge body and in fluid communication with the optical chamber and the sample storage well. 18. The system of claim 14, wherein the means for moving the blood sample and the liquid into the cap mixing cavity, and for moving the altered blood sample into the optical chamber comprises:
an air bladder disposed in the cartridge body, the air bladder in fluid communication with the optical chamber and the sample storage well, or an analyzer pump attachable to the cartridge body and in fluid communication with the optical chamber and the sample storage well. 19. The system of claim 14, wherein the cartridge comprises the liquid in a sealed blister, or the cartridge is in fluid communication with the analyzer and the analyzer comprises the liquid in an analyzer liquid pouch. 20. A cartridge for measuring one or more properties of a blood sample, the cartridge comprising:
a cartridge body comprising an upper surface and a lower surface, the upper surface defining a sample storage well, and one or more detection chambers in fluid communication with the sample storage well; the sample storage well comprising a top portion for receiving the blood sample and a bottom portion, the bottom portion for releasing at least a portion of the blood sample into the one or more detection chambers; a detection chamber exit conduit for receiving excess blood from the one or more detection chambers; a flat surface located on the upper surface of the cartridge body, the flat surface of the cartridge body surrounding the top portion of the sample storage well; one or more tracks that slidingly attach a sliding cap to the cartridge body, the sliding cap having a top side and an underside, wherein the underside of the sliding cap comprises a cap flat surface, the cap flat surface faces, and slides along, the upper surface, the sliding cap slidable from a first position to a second position; in the first position the sample storage well is configured to receive the blood sample; and in the second position at least a portion of the flat surface of the cartridge body mates with at least a portion of the cap flat surface and the sliding cap is positioned over the sample storage well; 21. The cartridge of claim 20, wherein the means for moving the blood sample comprises:
an air bladder disposed in the cartridge body, the air bladder in fluid communication with the sample storage well, the one or more detection chambers and the detection chamber exit conduit, or an analyzer pump attachable to the cartridge body and in fluid communication with the sample storage well, the one or more detection chambers and the detection chamber exit conduit. 22. The cartridge of claim 20, wherein the one or more detection chambers comprises an optical chamber having at least one of an upper optical window and a lower optical window, the optical chamber for facilitating interrogation of the blood sample by electromagnetic radiation. 23. The cartridge of claim 20, wherein the one or more detection chambers comprises an electrochemical sensor chamber having at least one of an amperometric sensor, a conductivity sensor and a potentiometric sensor. 24. The cartridge of claim 20, wherein the one or more detection chambers comprises an optical chamber having at least one of an upper optical window and a lower optical window, the optical chamber for facilitating interrogation of the blood sample by electromagnetic radiation, and an electrochemical sensor chamber having at least one of an amperometric sensor, a conductivity sensor and a potentiometric sensor, and wherein the optical chamber is disposed between the sample storage well and the electrochemical sensor chamber, whereby the electrochemical sensor chamber receives blood flowing out of the optical chamber. 25. The cartridge of claim 24, further comprising means for calibrating at least one of the electrochemical sensors. 26. The cartridge of claim 20, wherein the one or more tracks is a female track having
a first height defined as a height along a first portion of the track, wherein the first portion of the track is a portion of the track occupied by the cap when the cap is in the first position, and a second height defined as a height along a second portion of the track, wherein the second portion of the track is a portion of the track occupied by the cap when the cap is in the second position, wherein the first height and the second height are sufficiently high to facilitate movement of the cap along the track, and wherein the second height is sufficiently smaller than the first height in order to provide an airtight seal between the cap and the cartridge when the cap is in the second position. 27. The cartridge of claim 20, wherein cartridge further comprises one or more reagents and means for mixing the blood sample and one or more reagents. 28. The cartridge of claim 1, wherein the cartridge further comprises means for mitigating blood flow out of the bottom portion of the sample storage well when blood is received in the sample storage well through the top portion. 29. The claim of cartridge 20, wherein the cartridge further comprises means for mitigating blood flow out of the bottom portion of the sample storage well when blood is received in the sample storage well through the top portion. | 2,600 |
349,635 | 350,509 | 16,854,239 | 2,685 | Methods, systems, and devices for differential amplifier schemes for sensing memory cells are described. In one example, a memory apparatus may include a differential amplifier having a first input node configured to be coupled with a memory cell and having an output node configured to be coupled with a sense component. In some examples, the memory apparatus may also include a capacitor having a first node coupled with the first input node, and a first switching component configured to selectively couple a second node of the capacitor with the output node. The differential amplifier may configured such that a current at the output node is proportional to a difference between a voltage at the first input node of the differential amplifier and a voltage at the second input node of the differential amplifier. | 1. (canceled) 2. An apparatus, comprising:
a memory cell; a sense component; and an amplifier component comprising:
an input node configured to be coupled with the memory cell;
an output node configured to be coupled with the sense component;
an amplifier configured to generate a signal at the output node that is based at least in part on a signal at the input node; and
a capacitive element operable to provide a capacitive coupling between the output node and the input node. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the capacitive element is connected with the input node, the apparatus further comprising:
a switching component configured to selectively connect the capacitive element with the output node. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein:
a first node of the capacitive element is connected with the input node; and a second node of the capacitive element, opposite a capacitance of the capacitive element from the first node, is connected with the switching component. 5. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein a first node of the capacitive element is connected with the input node and a second node of the capacitive element, opposite a capacitance of the capacitive element from the first node, is connected with the output node. 6. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the amplifier component further comprises:
a second switching component configured to selectively connect the output node with the input node. 7. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the amplifier comprises:
a differential amplifier configured to provide a current that is proportional to a difference between a voltage at the input node of the amplifier component and a voltage of an amplifier reference voltage source. 8. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a selection component configured to:
couple the memory cell with the input node of the amplifier component during a read operation; and couple the memory cell with the sense component, during a write operation, via an access line that bypasses the amplifier component. 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the sense component comprises:
a first portion configured to be selectively coupled with the output node of the amplifier component during the read operation, the first portion of the sense component associated with a first voltage isolation characteristic; and a second portion configured to be selectively coupled with the memory cell via the access line that bypasses the amplifier component during the write operation, the second portion of the sense component associated with a second voltage isolation characteristic that is greater than the first voltage isolation characteristic. 10. A method, comprising:
performing a read operation on a memory cell, comprising:
precharging a capacitive element that is coupled with an input node of an amplifier component;
coupling the capacitive element with an output node of the amplifier component after precharging the capacitive element;
coupling the memory cell with the input node of the amplifier component, while the capacitive element is coupled with the output node of the amplifier component, to generate a sense signal; and
determining a logic state stored by the memory cell based at least in part on the sense signal. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
generating, based at least in part on coupling the memory cell with the input node of the amplifier component, a current at the output node of the amplifier component that is proportional to a difference between a voltage at the input node of the amplifier component and a voltage of a reference voltage source coupled with the amplifier component. 12. The method of claim 10 wherein determining the logic state stored by the memory cell comprises:
coupling the output node of the amplifier component with a sense component; and
latching, at the sense component, a difference between a voltage of the output node of the amplifier component and a reference voltage. 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising:
performing a write operation on the memory cell based at least in part on coupling the memory cell with the sense component via an access line that bypasses the amplifier component. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein:
coupling the output node of the amplifier component with the sense component comprises coupling the output node with a first portion of the sense component, the first portion of the sense component associated with a first voltage isolation characteristic; and coupling the memory cell with the sense component via the access line that bypasses the amplifier component comprises coupling the memory cell with a second portion of the sense component, the second portion of the sense component associated with a second voltage isolation characteristic that is higher than the first voltage isolation characteristic. 15. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
shorting the input node of the amplifier component with the output node of the amplifier component via a direct feedback line before performing the read operation. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
disconnecting the input node of the amplifier component from the output node of the amplifier component via the direct feedback line before performing the read operation. 17. An apparatus comprising:
a memory cell; a sense component; an amplifier component comprising an input node, an output node, and a capacitive element coupled with the input node; and a controller, wherein, to perform a read operation on the memory cell, the controller is operable to cause the apparatus to:
precharge the capacitive element;
couple the capacitive element with the output node after precharging the capacitive element;
couple the memory cell with the input node, while the capacitive element is coupled with the output node, to generate a sense signal; and
determine a logic state stored by the memory cell based at least in part on the sense signal. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein, to determine the logic state stored by the memory cell, the controller is operable to cause the apparatus to:
couple the output node of the amplifier component with the sense component; and latch a difference between a voltage of the output node of the amplifier component and a reference voltage. 19. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein, to perform a write operation on the memory cell, the controller is operable to cause the apparatus to:
couple the memory cell with the sense component via an access line that bypasses the amplifier component. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the sense component comprises:
a first portion associated with a first voltage isolation characteristic, wherein, to perform the read operation, the controller is operable to cause the apparatus to couple the output node of the amplifier component with the first portion; and a second portion associated with a second voltage isolation characteristic that is higher than the first voltage isolation characteristic, wherein, to perform the write operation, the controller is operable to cause the apparatus to couple the memory cell with the second portion. 21. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the amplifier component comprises:
a differential amplifier configured to provide a current that is proportional to a difference between a voltage at the input node of the amplifier component and a voltage of an amplifier reference voltage source. | Methods, systems, and devices for differential amplifier schemes for sensing memory cells are described. In one example, a memory apparatus may include a differential amplifier having a first input node configured to be coupled with a memory cell and having an output node configured to be coupled with a sense component. In some examples, the memory apparatus may also include a capacitor having a first node coupled with the first input node, and a first switching component configured to selectively couple a second node of the capacitor with the output node. The differential amplifier may configured such that a current at the output node is proportional to a difference between a voltage at the first input node of the differential amplifier and a voltage at the second input node of the differential amplifier.1. (canceled) 2. An apparatus, comprising:
a memory cell; a sense component; and an amplifier component comprising:
an input node configured to be coupled with the memory cell;
an output node configured to be coupled with the sense component;
an amplifier configured to generate a signal at the output node that is based at least in part on a signal at the input node; and
a capacitive element operable to provide a capacitive coupling between the output node and the input node. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the capacitive element is connected with the input node, the apparatus further comprising:
a switching component configured to selectively connect the capacitive element with the output node. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein:
a first node of the capacitive element is connected with the input node; and a second node of the capacitive element, opposite a capacitance of the capacitive element from the first node, is connected with the switching component. 5. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein a first node of the capacitive element is connected with the input node and a second node of the capacitive element, opposite a capacitance of the capacitive element from the first node, is connected with the output node. 6. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the amplifier component further comprises:
a second switching component configured to selectively connect the output node with the input node. 7. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the amplifier comprises:
a differential amplifier configured to provide a current that is proportional to a difference between a voltage at the input node of the amplifier component and a voltage of an amplifier reference voltage source. 8. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a selection component configured to:
couple the memory cell with the input node of the amplifier component during a read operation; and couple the memory cell with the sense component, during a write operation, via an access line that bypasses the amplifier component. 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the sense component comprises:
a first portion configured to be selectively coupled with the output node of the amplifier component during the read operation, the first portion of the sense component associated with a first voltage isolation characteristic; and a second portion configured to be selectively coupled with the memory cell via the access line that bypasses the amplifier component during the write operation, the second portion of the sense component associated with a second voltage isolation characteristic that is greater than the first voltage isolation characteristic. 10. A method, comprising:
performing a read operation on a memory cell, comprising:
precharging a capacitive element that is coupled with an input node of an amplifier component;
coupling the capacitive element with an output node of the amplifier component after precharging the capacitive element;
coupling the memory cell with the input node of the amplifier component, while the capacitive element is coupled with the output node of the amplifier component, to generate a sense signal; and
determining a logic state stored by the memory cell based at least in part on the sense signal. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
generating, based at least in part on coupling the memory cell with the input node of the amplifier component, a current at the output node of the amplifier component that is proportional to a difference between a voltage at the input node of the amplifier component and a voltage of a reference voltage source coupled with the amplifier component. 12. The method of claim 10 wherein determining the logic state stored by the memory cell comprises:
coupling the output node of the amplifier component with a sense component; and
latching, at the sense component, a difference between a voltage of the output node of the amplifier component and a reference voltage. 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising:
performing a write operation on the memory cell based at least in part on coupling the memory cell with the sense component via an access line that bypasses the amplifier component. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein:
coupling the output node of the amplifier component with the sense component comprises coupling the output node with a first portion of the sense component, the first portion of the sense component associated with a first voltage isolation characteristic; and coupling the memory cell with the sense component via the access line that bypasses the amplifier component comprises coupling the memory cell with a second portion of the sense component, the second portion of the sense component associated with a second voltage isolation characteristic that is higher than the first voltage isolation characteristic. 15. The method of claim 10, further comprising:
shorting the input node of the amplifier component with the output node of the amplifier component via a direct feedback line before performing the read operation. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
disconnecting the input node of the amplifier component from the output node of the amplifier component via the direct feedback line before performing the read operation. 17. An apparatus comprising:
a memory cell; a sense component; an amplifier component comprising an input node, an output node, and a capacitive element coupled with the input node; and a controller, wherein, to perform a read operation on the memory cell, the controller is operable to cause the apparatus to:
precharge the capacitive element;
couple the capacitive element with the output node after precharging the capacitive element;
couple the memory cell with the input node, while the capacitive element is coupled with the output node, to generate a sense signal; and
determine a logic state stored by the memory cell based at least in part on the sense signal. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein, to determine the logic state stored by the memory cell, the controller is operable to cause the apparatus to:
couple the output node of the amplifier component with the sense component; and latch a difference between a voltage of the output node of the amplifier component and a reference voltage. 19. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein, to perform a write operation on the memory cell, the controller is operable to cause the apparatus to:
couple the memory cell with the sense component via an access line that bypasses the amplifier component. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the sense component comprises:
a first portion associated with a first voltage isolation characteristic, wherein, to perform the read operation, the controller is operable to cause the apparatus to couple the output node of the amplifier component with the first portion; and a second portion associated with a second voltage isolation characteristic that is higher than the first voltage isolation characteristic, wherein, to perform the write operation, the controller is operable to cause the apparatus to couple the memory cell with the second portion. 21. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the amplifier component comprises:
a differential amplifier configured to provide a current that is proportional to a difference between a voltage at the input node of the amplifier component and a voltage of an amplifier reference voltage source. | 2,600 |
349,636 | 350,510 | 16,854,247 | 2,685 | A semiconductor device includes: a semiconductor substrate having a bulk oxygen concentration of at least 6×1017 cm−3; an epitaxial layer on a first side of the semiconductor substrate, the epitaxial layer and the semiconductor substrate having a common interface; a superjunction semiconductor device structure in the epitaxial layer; and an interface region extending from the common interface into the semiconductor substrate to a depth of at least 10 μm. A mean oxygen concentration of the interface region is lower than the bulk oxygen concentration of the semiconductor substrate. | 1. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a semiconductor substrate having a bulk oxygen concentration of at least 6×107 cm−3; an epitaxial layer on a first side of the semiconductor substrate, the epitaxial layer and the semiconductor substrate having a common interface; a superjunction semiconductor device structure in the epitaxial layer; and an interface region extending from the common interface into the semiconductor substrate to a depth of at least 10 μm, wherein a mean oxygen concentration of the interface region is lower than the bulk oxygen concentration of the semiconductor substrate. 2. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the mean oxygen concentration of the interface region is at least 30% lower than the bulk oxygen concentration of the semiconductor substrate. 3. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the interface region extends from the common interface into the semiconductor substrate to a depth of at least 20 μm. 4. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the bulk oxygen concentration of the semiconductor substrate is at least 7×1017 cm−3. 5. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the semiconductor substrate has a bulk micro defect density of less than 104 cm−2. 6. The semiconductor device of claim 1, further comprising:
a source region of a second conductivity type; and a body region of a first conductivity type, wherein the superjunction semiconductor device structure comprises a compensation region of the second doping type in ohmic contact with the body region, wherein the compensation region extends deeper into the epitaxial layer than the body region. 7. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the superjunction semiconductor device structure forms part of a field effect transistor. 8. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a semiconductor substrate having a bulk oxygen concentration of less than 6×1017 cm−3; an epitaxial layer on a first side of the semiconductor substrate, the epitaxial layer and the semiconductor substrate having a common interface; a plurality of superjunction semiconductor device structures in the epitaxial layer, a pitch between adjacent ones of the superjunction semiconductor device structures being less than 15 μm; a plurality of body regions of a first conductivity type in the epitaxial layer; and a plurality of source regions of a second conductivity type in the epitaxial layer, wherein the superjunction semiconductor device structures comprise compensation regions of the second doping type, wherein a respective one of the compensation regions is in ohmic contact with a respective one of the body regions, wherein the compensation regions extend deeper into the epitaxial layer than the body regions. 9. The semiconductor device of claim 8, wherein the semiconductor substrate has a nitrogen concentration of less than 5×1014 cm−3. 10. The semiconductor device of claim 8, wherein the superjunction semiconductor device structures each form part of an individual field effect transistor cell. 11. The semiconductor device of claim 10, wherein each transistor cell includes a gate electrode electrically insulated from portions of a respective one of the body regions by a gate dielectric, and wherein the gate electrode controls a channel region in the respective body region along the gate dielectric. 12. The semiconductor device of claim 8, wherein the epitaxial layer is of the second conductivity type, and wherein the superjunction semiconductor device structures are formed by columns of the first conductivity type and parts of the epitaxial layer arranged between adjacent ones of the columns. 13. The semiconductor device of claim 12, wherein each column of the first conductivity type is completely surrounded by semiconductor material of the second conductivity type of the epitaxial layer. 14. The semiconductor device of claim 12, wherein the columns and the body regions are in direct contact with each other, and wherein a respective one of the columns is arranged below a respective one of the body regions. 15. The semiconductor device of claim 8, wherein the pitch between the adjacent ones of the superjunction semiconductor device structures is less than 7 μm. 16. The semiconductor device of claim 8, wherein the pitch between the adjacent ones of the superjunction semiconductor device structures is less than 3.5 μm. 17. The semiconductor device of claim 8, wherein the semiconductor substrate includes a first surface region at the first side of the semiconductor substrate and a second surface region at a second side of the semiconductor substrate opposite the first side, and wherein the first and the second surface regions have a reduced oxygen concentration relative to a central portion of the semiconductor substrate. 18. The semiconductor device of claim 8, wherein the epitaxial layer comprises an epitaxial sublayer stack having a plurality of epitaxial sublayers with doping regions that form the superjunction semiconductor device structures in the epitaxial sublayer stack. 19. The semiconductor device of claim 18, wherein the bulk oxygen concentration of the semiconductor substrate is less than 4×107 cm−3. | A semiconductor device includes: a semiconductor substrate having a bulk oxygen concentration of at least 6×1017 cm−3; an epitaxial layer on a first side of the semiconductor substrate, the epitaxial layer and the semiconductor substrate having a common interface; a superjunction semiconductor device structure in the epitaxial layer; and an interface region extending from the common interface into the semiconductor substrate to a depth of at least 10 μm. A mean oxygen concentration of the interface region is lower than the bulk oxygen concentration of the semiconductor substrate.1. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a semiconductor substrate having a bulk oxygen concentration of at least 6×107 cm−3; an epitaxial layer on a first side of the semiconductor substrate, the epitaxial layer and the semiconductor substrate having a common interface; a superjunction semiconductor device structure in the epitaxial layer; and an interface region extending from the common interface into the semiconductor substrate to a depth of at least 10 μm, wherein a mean oxygen concentration of the interface region is lower than the bulk oxygen concentration of the semiconductor substrate. 2. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the mean oxygen concentration of the interface region is at least 30% lower than the bulk oxygen concentration of the semiconductor substrate. 3. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the interface region extends from the common interface into the semiconductor substrate to a depth of at least 20 μm. 4. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the bulk oxygen concentration of the semiconductor substrate is at least 7×1017 cm−3. 5. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the semiconductor substrate has a bulk micro defect density of less than 104 cm−2. 6. The semiconductor device of claim 1, further comprising:
a source region of a second conductivity type; and a body region of a first conductivity type, wherein the superjunction semiconductor device structure comprises a compensation region of the second doping type in ohmic contact with the body region, wherein the compensation region extends deeper into the epitaxial layer than the body region. 7. The semiconductor device of claim 1, wherein the superjunction semiconductor device structure forms part of a field effect transistor. 8. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a semiconductor substrate having a bulk oxygen concentration of less than 6×1017 cm−3; an epitaxial layer on a first side of the semiconductor substrate, the epitaxial layer and the semiconductor substrate having a common interface; a plurality of superjunction semiconductor device structures in the epitaxial layer, a pitch between adjacent ones of the superjunction semiconductor device structures being less than 15 μm; a plurality of body regions of a first conductivity type in the epitaxial layer; and a plurality of source regions of a second conductivity type in the epitaxial layer, wherein the superjunction semiconductor device structures comprise compensation regions of the second doping type, wherein a respective one of the compensation regions is in ohmic contact with a respective one of the body regions, wherein the compensation regions extend deeper into the epitaxial layer than the body regions. 9. The semiconductor device of claim 8, wherein the semiconductor substrate has a nitrogen concentration of less than 5×1014 cm−3. 10. The semiconductor device of claim 8, wherein the superjunction semiconductor device structures each form part of an individual field effect transistor cell. 11. The semiconductor device of claim 10, wherein each transistor cell includes a gate electrode electrically insulated from portions of a respective one of the body regions by a gate dielectric, and wherein the gate electrode controls a channel region in the respective body region along the gate dielectric. 12. The semiconductor device of claim 8, wherein the epitaxial layer is of the second conductivity type, and wherein the superjunction semiconductor device structures are formed by columns of the first conductivity type and parts of the epitaxial layer arranged between adjacent ones of the columns. 13. The semiconductor device of claim 12, wherein each column of the first conductivity type is completely surrounded by semiconductor material of the second conductivity type of the epitaxial layer. 14. The semiconductor device of claim 12, wherein the columns and the body regions are in direct contact with each other, and wherein a respective one of the columns is arranged below a respective one of the body regions. 15. The semiconductor device of claim 8, wherein the pitch between the adjacent ones of the superjunction semiconductor device structures is less than 7 μm. 16. The semiconductor device of claim 8, wherein the pitch between the adjacent ones of the superjunction semiconductor device structures is less than 3.5 μm. 17. The semiconductor device of claim 8, wherein the semiconductor substrate includes a first surface region at the first side of the semiconductor substrate and a second surface region at a second side of the semiconductor substrate opposite the first side, and wherein the first and the second surface regions have a reduced oxygen concentration relative to a central portion of the semiconductor substrate. 18. The semiconductor device of claim 8, wherein the epitaxial layer comprises an epitaxial sublayer stack having a plurality of epitaxial sublayers with doping regions that form the superjunction semiconductor device structures in the epitaxial sublayer stack. 19. The semiconductor device of claim 18, wherein the bulk oxygen concentration of the semiconductor substrate is less than 4×107 cm−3. | 2,600 |
349,637 | 350,511 | 16,854,263 | 2,685 | A system and method for data storage management. The method includes: generating a first container of a first write command; designating the first container with a current container status; when it is determined that a destination overlap exists between at least a second write command and the first write command: generating a second container of the at least a second write command; voiding the current container status of the first container and designating the second container with the current container status; and inserting the at least a second write command in the second container designated with the current container status | 1. A method for data storage management, comprising:
generating a first container of a first write command; designating the first container with a current container status; when it is determined that a destination overlap exists between at least a second write command and the first write command:
generating a second container of the at least a second write command;
voiding the current container status of the first container and designating the second container with the current container status; and
inserting the at least a second write command in the second container designated with the current container status. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
recording within a log file any container that has had its current container status designation voided. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the log file is an object that includes sequence identifiers, and wherein a container includes at least one transaction containing at least one write command. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
sending any container having a current container status designation voided to a data structure, wherein the data structure includes a plurality of prefixes, wherein each of the plurality of prefixes is associated with a container. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
determining a location of data related to the first write command and the at least a second write command based on the data structure. 6. A non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon instructions for causing a processing circuitry to perform the method of claim 1. 7. A method for data storage management, comprising:
receiving a read command; generating a second container of at least a second write command when it is determined that a destination overlap exists between the read command and a first write command in a first container designated with a current container status; voiding the current container status of the first container and designating the second container with the current container status; updating a data structure with the voided current container status of the first container; determining a location of data associated with the read command based on the data structure. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the read command includes metadata indicative of a destination from where data requested by the read command is retrieved. 9. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
recording within a log file any container that has had its current container status designation voided. 10. The method of claim 7, wherein the log file is an object that includes sequence identifiers, and wherein a container includes at least one transaction containing at least one write command. 11. A non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon instructions for causing a processing circuitry to perform the method of claim 7. 12. A system for data storage management, comprising:
a processing circuitry; and a memory, the memory containing instructions that, when executed by the processing circuitry, configure the system to: generate a first container of a first write command; designate the first container with a current container status; when it is determined that a destination overlap exists between at least a second write command and the first write command:
generate a second container of the at least a second write command;
void the current container status of the first container and designating the second container with the current container status; and
insert the at least a second write command in the second container designated with the current container status. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the system is further configured to:
record within a log file any container that has had its current container status designation voided. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the log file is an object that includes sequence identifiers, and wherein a container includes at least one transaction containing at least one write command. 15. The system of claim 12, wherein the system is further configured to:
send any container having a current container status designation voided to a data structure, wherein the data structure includes a plurality of prefixes, wherein each of the plurality of prefixes is associated with a container. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the system is further configured to:
determine a location of data related to the first write command and the at least a second write command based on the data structure. 17. A system for data storage management, comprising:
a processing circuitry; and a memory, the memory containing instructions that, when executed by the processing circuitry, configure the system to: receive a read command; generate a second container of at least a second write command when it is determined that a destination overlap exists between the read command and a first write command in a first container designated with a current container status; void the current container status of the first container and designating the second container with the current container status; update a data structure with the voided current container status of the first container; determine a location of data associated with the read command based on the data structure. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the read command includes metadata indicative of a destination from where data requested by the read command is retrieved. 19. The system of claim 17, wherein the system is further configured to:
record within a log file any container that has had its current container status designation voided. 20. The system of claim 17, wherein the log file is an object that includes sequence identifiers, and wherein a container includes at least one transaction containing at least one write command. | A system and method for data storage management. The method includes: generating a first container of a first write command; designating the first container with a current container status; when it is determined that a destination overlap exists between at least a second write command and the first write command: generating a second container of the at least a second write command; voiding the current container status of the first container and designating the second container with the current container status; and inserting the at least a second write command in the second container designated with the current container status1. A method for data storage management, comprising:
generating a first container of a first write command; designating the first container with a current container status; when it is determined that a destination overlap exists between at least a second write command and the first write command:
generating a second container of the at least a second write command;
voiding the current container status of the first container and designating the second container with the current container status; and
inserting the at least a second write command in the second container designated with the current container status. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
recording within a log file any container that has had its current container status designation voided. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the log file is an object that includes sequence identifiers, and wherein a container includes at least one transaction containing at least one write command. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
sending any container having a current container status designation voided to a data structure, wherein the data structure includes a plurality of prefixes, wherein each of the plurality of prefixes is associated with a container. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
determining a location of data related to the first write command and the at least a second write command based on the data structure. 6. A non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon instructions for causing a processing circuitry to perform the method of claim 1. 7. A method for data storage management, comprising:
receiving a read command; generating a second container of at least a second write command when it is determined that a destination overlap exists between the read command and a first write command in a first container designated with a current container status; voiding the current container status of the first container and designating the second container with the current container status; updating a data structure with the voided current container status of the first container; determining a location of data associated with the read command based on the data structure. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the read command includes metadata indicative of a destination from where data requested by the read command is retrieved. 9. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
recording within a log file any container that has had its current container status designation voided. 10. The method of claim 7, wherein the log file is an object that includes sequence identifiers, and wherein a container includes at least one transaction containing at least one write command. 11. A non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon instructions for causing a processing circuitry to perform the method of claim 7. 12. A system for data storage management, comprising:
a processing circuitry; and a memory, the memory containing instructions that, when executed by the processing circuitry, configure the system to: generate a first container of a first write command; designate the first container with a current container status; when it is determined that a destination overlap exists between at least a second write command and the first write command:
generate a second container of the at least a second write command;
void the current container status of the first container and designating the second container with the current container status; and
insert the at least a second write command in the second container designated with the current container status. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the system is further configured to:
record within a log file any container that has had its current container status designation voided. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the log file is an object that includes sequence identifiers, and wherein a container includes at least one transaction containing at least one write command. 15. The system of claim 12, wherein the system is further configured to:
send any container having a current container status designation voided to a data structure, wherein the data structure includes a plurality of prefixes, wherein each of the plurality of prefixes is associated with a container. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the system is further configured to:
determine a location of data related to the first write command and the at least a second write command based on the data structure. 17. A system for data storage management, comprising:
a processing circuitry; and a memory, the memory containing instructions that, when executed by the processing circuitry, configure the system to: receive a read command; generate a second container of at least a second write command when it is determined that a destination overlap exists between the read command and a first write command in a first container designated with a current container status; void the current container status of the first container and designating the second container with the current container status; update a data structure with the voided current container status of the first container; determine a location of data associated with the read command based on the data structure. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the read command includes metadata indicative of a destination from where data requested by the read command is retrieved. 19. The system of claim 17, wherein the system is further configured to:
record within a log file any container that has had its current container status designation voided. 20. The system of claim 17, wherein the log file is an object that includes sequence identifiers, and wherein a container includes at least one transaction containing at least one write command. | 2,600 |
349,638 | 350,512 | 16,854,204 | 2,685 | An error recovery method performed in an end node of an Ethernet-based vehicle network includes: detecting, by a physical (PHY) layer processor of a PHY layer of the end node, a physical error of a message, when the message is received at the PHY layer of the end node; detecting, by a controller processor of a controller included in the end node, a logical error of the message; and classifying, by the controller processor, types of the physical error and the logical error. | 1. An end node in an Ethernet-based vehicle network, the end node comprising:
a processor including a controller processor and a physical (PHY) layer processor; and a memory storing at least one instruction executed by the processor, wherein the at least one instruction is configured to: perform a monitoring operation of a signal on a port of the end node; detect a physical error in the port based on results of the monitoring operation; transmit information of the physical error to the controller processor; determine a type of the physical error based on whether a physical channel parameter of the signal matches with at least one of a predetermined physical channel parameter, a receive failure of the signal, a transmit failure of the signal, and a link failure; and classify the physical error with a critical error or a non-critical error based on the type of the physical error. 2. The end node according to claim 1, wherein the information of the physical error is transmitted from the PHY layer processor to the controller processor through a management data input/output (MDIO). 3. The end node according to claim 1, wherein the physical error is at least one of a link error, a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) error, a carrier extension error, a false carrier error, a premature end error, a receive (Rx) error, a transmit (Tx) error, or a lock error. 4. The end node according to claim 1, wherein the at least one instruction is further configured to:
when the physical error is the critical error, reset the port in which the physical error is occurred. 5. The end node according to claim 1, wherein the at least one instruction is further configured to:
when the physical error is the non-critical error, increase an error counter value; and warn occurrence of the physical error when the error counter value is less than a threshold. 6. The end node according to claim 1, wherein the at least one instruction is further configured to:
when the physical error is the non-critical error, increase an error counter value; and reset the port in which the physical error is occurred when the error counter value is greater than or equal to a threshold. 7. An end node in an Ethernet-based vehicle network, the end node comprising:
a processor including a controller processor and a physical (PHY) layer processor; and a memory storing at least one instruction executed by the processor, wherein the at least one instruction is configured to: obtain a message from the physical (PHY) layer processor; detect a logical error of the message based on a reference parameter; determine a type of the logical error based on at least whether a format of message matches a predetermined message formats, or whether the logical error is due to an error packet; and increase an error counter value per the type of the logical error. 8. The end node according to claim 7, wherein the reference parameter is at least one of a message format used in the Ethernet-based vehicle network, information of inner communication nodes belonging to the Ethernet-based vehicle network, or information of outer communication nodes which are allowed to access the Ethernet-based vehicle network. 9. The end node according to claim 7, wherein the logical error is at least one of a medium access control (MAC) authentication error, a MAC encryption error, an Internet protocol (IP) encryption error, an end-to-end (E2E) cyclic redundancy check (CRC) error, an E2E alive counter error, a signal mismatch error, an insufficient data error, a precision time protocol (PTP) error, or a reservation failure error. 10. The end node according to claim 7, wherein the at least one instruction is further configured to:
reset the end node when a sum of error counter values of all types of the logical error is greater than or equal to a first threshold. 11. The end node according to claim 7, wherein the at least one instruction is further configured to:
reset the end node when the error counter value of a first type among all types of the logical error is greater than or equal to a second threshold. 12. An end node in an Ethernet-based vehicle network, the end node comprising:
a processor including a controller processor and a physical (PHY) layer processor; and a memory storing at least one instruction executed by the processor, wherein the at least one instruction is configured to: perform a monitoring operation of a signal on all ports of a switch; detect a physical error based on results of the monitoring operation; determine a type of the physical error based on information of the physical error based on whether a physical channel parameter of the signal matches with at least one of a predetermined physical channel parameter, a receive failure of the signal, a transmit failure of the signal, and a link failure; and classify the physical error with a critical error or a non-critical error based on the type of the physical error. 13. The end node according to claim 12, wherein the physical error is at least one of a link error, a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) error, a carrier extension error, a false carrier error, a premature end error, a receive (Rx) error, a transmit (Tx) error, or a lock error. 14. The end node according to claim 12, wherein the at least one instruction is further configured to:
when the physical error is the critical error, reset one or more ports in which the physical error is occurred. 15. The end node according to claim 12, wherein the at least one instruction is further configured to:
when the physical error is the non-critical error, increase an error counter value of a first port in which the physical error is occurred; and warn occurrence of the physical error when the error counter value of the first port or a sum of error counter values of the all port is less than a threshold. 16. The end node according to claim 12, wherein the at least one instruction is further configured to:
when the physical error is the non-critical error, increase an error counter value of a first port in which the physical error is occurred; and reset the first port when the error counter value is greater than or equal to a threshold. 17. The end node according to claim 12, wherein the at least one instruction is further configured to:
when the physical error is the non-critical error, increase an error counter value of a first port in which the physical error is occurred; and reset the switch when a sum of error counter values of the all ports is greater than or equal to a threshold. | An error recovery method performed in an end node of an Ethernet-based vehicle network includes: detecting, by a physical (PHY) layer processor of a PHY layer of the end node, a physical error of a message, when the message is received at the PHY layer of the end node; detecting, by a controller processor of a controller included in the end node, a logical error of the message; and classifying, by the controller processor, types of the physical error and the logical error.1. An end node in an Ethernet-based vehicle network, the end node comprising:
a processor including a controller processor and a physical (PHY) layer processor; and a memory storing at least one instruction executed by the processor, wherein the at least one instruction is configured to: perform a monitoring operation of a signal on a port of the end node; detect a physical error in the port based on results of the monitoring operation; transmit information of the physical error to the controller processor; determine a type of the physical error based on whether a physical channel parameter of the signal matches with at least one of a predetermined physical channel parameter, a receive failure of the signal, a transmit failure of the signal, and a link failure; and classify the physical error with a critical error or a non-critical error based on the type of the physical error. 2. The end node according to claim 1, wherein the information of the physical error is transmitted from the PHY layer processor to the controller processor through a management data input/output (MDIO). 3. The end node according to claim 1, wherein the physical error is at least one of a link error, a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) error, a carrier extension error, a false carrier error, a premature end error, a receive (Rx) error, a transmit (Tx) error, or a lock error. 4. The end node according to claim 1, wherein the at least one instruction is further configured to:
when the physical error is the critical error, reset the port in which the physical error is occurred. 5. The end node according to claim 1, wherein the at least one instruction is further configured to:
when the physical error is the non-critical error, increase an error counter value; and warn occurrence of the physical error when the error counter value is less than a threshold. 6. The end node according to claim 1, wherein the at least one instruction is further configured to:
when the physical error is the non-critical error, increase an error counter value; and reset the port in which the physical error is occurred when the error counter value is greater than or equal to a threshold. 7. An end node in an Ethernet-based vehicle network, the end node comprising:
a processor including a controller processor and a physical (PHY) layer processor; and a memory storing at least one instruction executed by the processor, wherein the at least one instruction is configured to: obtain a message from the physical (PHY) layer processor; detect a logical error of the message based on a reference parameter; determine a type of the logical error based on at least whether a format of message matches a predetermined message formats, or whether the logical error is due to an error packet; and increase an error counter value per the type of the logical error. 8. The end node according to claim 7, wherein the reference parameter is at least one of a message format used in the Ethernet-based vehicle network, information of inner communication nodes belonging to the Ethernet-based vehicle network, or information of outer communication nodes which are allowed to access the Ethernet-based vehicle network. 9. The end node according to claim 7, wherein the logical error is at least one of a medium access control (MAC) authentication error, a MAC encryption error, an Internet protocol (IP) encryption error, an end-to-end (E2E) cyclic redundancy check (CRC) error, an E2E alive counter error, a signal mismatch error, an insufficient data error, a precision time protocol (PTP) error, or a reservation failure error. 10. The end node according to claim 7, wherein the at least one instruction is further configured to:
reset the end node when a sum of error counter values of all types of the logical error is greater than or equal to a first threshold. 11. The end node according to claim 7, wherein the at least one instruction is further configured to:
reset the end node when the error counter value of a first type among all types of the logical error is greater than or equal to a second threshold. 12. An end node in an Ethernet-based vehicle network, the end node comprising:
a processor including a controller processor and a physical (PHY) layer processor; and a memory storing at least one instruction executed by the processor, wherein the at least one instruction is configured to: perform a monitoring operation of a signal on all ports of a switch; detect a physical error based on results of the monitoring operation; determine a type of the physical error based on information of the physical error based on whether a physical channel parameter of the signal matches with at least one of a predetermined physical channel parameter, a receive failure of the signal, a transmit failure of the signal, and a link failure; and classify the physical error with a critical error or a non-critical error based on the type of the physical error. 13. The end node according to claim 12, wherein the physical error is at least one of a link error, a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) error, a carrier extension error, a false carrier error, a premature end error, a receive (Rx) error, a transmit (Tx) error, or a lock error. 14. The end node according to claim 12, wherein the at least one instruction is further configured to:
when the physical error is the critical error, reset one or more ports in which the physical error is occurred. 15. The end node according to claim 12, wherein the at least one instruction is further configured to:
when the physical error is the non-critical error, increase an error counter value of a first port in which the physical error is occurred; and warn occurrence of the physical error when the error counter value of the first port or a sum of error counter values of the all port is less than a threshold. 16. The end node according to claim 12, wherein the at least one instruction is further configured to:
when the physical error is the non-critical error, increase an error counter value of a first port in which the physical error is occurred; and reset the first port when the error counter value is greater than or equal to a threshold. 17. The end node according to claim 12, wherein the at least one instruction is further configured to:
when the physical error is the non-critical error, increase an error counter value of a first port in which the physical error is occurred; and reset the switch when a sum of error counter values of the all ports is greater than or equal to a threshold. | 2,600 |
349,639 | 350,513 | 16,854,218 | 2,685 | A system for repairing a defect on an articular surface of a patient's trochlear region, the system comprising a guide block comprising a body having an exterior surface configured to engage with the saddle portion and ridge portions of the patient's trochlear region, a protrusion extending generally from the body and configured to be received in a first bore formed in the articular surface along a reference axis, and a first cavity extending through the body configured to establish a first working axis displaced from the reference axis, wherein the exterior surface of the body and the protrusion are configured to secure the location of the guide block about the patient's trochlear region. A method for preparing an implant site in bone, comprising: establishing a reference axis extending from the bone; creating a bore in the bone by reaming about the reference axis; securing a guide block about the articular surface; establishing a first working axis extending from the bone using the guide block, the first working axis is displaced from the reference axis; and creating a first socket in the bone by reaming about the first working axis, wherein the first socket partially overlaps with the bore. | 1-25. (canceled) 26. A drill guide system configured to establish a reference axis substantially perpendicular to an articular surface, the drill guide system comprising:
a cannulated shaft having a longitudinal reference axis; and a proximal end that includes:
a first groove contacting tip and a second groove contacting tip to contact said articular surface in a saddle portion of a trochlear region along an inferior-superior plane; and
a first ridge contacting tip and a second ridge contacting tip to contact said articular surface proximate a lateral condyle and a medial condyle of said articular surface. 27. The drill guide system of claim 26:
wherein said first groove contacting tip and said second groove contacting tip are immovably coupled to said cannulated shaft; and wherein said first ridge contacting tip and said second ridge contacting tip are movably coupled to said cannulated shaft. 28. The drill guide system of claim 27:
wherein said first groove contacting tip includes a rigid member having a rounded tip to contact said groove at a first location on said articular surface; and wherein said second groove contacting tip includes a rigid member having a rounded tip to contact said groove at a second location on said articular surface. 29. The drill guide of claim 28 wherein said first groove contacting tip and said second groove contacting tip are disposed 180° in opposition about said cannulated shaft. 30. The drill guide system of claim 28:
wherein said first ridge contacting tip includes a first semicircular member disposed proximate a first portion of said proximal end of said drill guide; and wherein said second ridge contacting tip includes a second semicircular member disposed proximate a second portion of said proximal end of said drill guide. 31. The drill guide system of claim 30 wherein said first ridge contacting tip and said second ridge contacting tip are disposed 180° in opposition about said cannulated shaft. 32. The drill guide system of claim 30 wherein said first groove contacting tip and said second groove contacting tip are disposed between said first ridge contacting tip and said second ridge contacting tip. 33. The drill guide system of claim 27 wherein said first ridge contacting tip and said second ridge contacting tip are biased towards to an extended position. 34. The drill guide system of claim 26 further comprising a guide pin, the guide pin to pass through said cannulated shaft and anchor into bone beneath said articular surface generally along said reference axis of said cannulated shaft. 35. The drill guide system of claim 34:
wherein said guide pin comprises a guide pin having at least one threaded end; and wherein said at least one threaded end anchors said guide pin in said articular surface. 36. The drill guide system of claim 35 wherein said guide pin further includes one or more depth indicia to indicate a depth of the at least one threaded end of the guide pin in said articular surface. 37. The drill guide system of claim 36 wherein said one or more depth indicia comprise a laser-etched depth indicia. 38. The drill guide system of claim 34 wherein said guide pin comprises a guide pin having an outside diameter less than an internal diameter of the cannulated shaft. 39. The drill guide system of claim 34, further comprising:
an excision device, said excision device including a cannulated shaft and a radial cutter comprising a cutting surface disposed about a distal end of said shaft, wherein said excision device is configured to be received over said guide pin to form a first bore, said first bore being centered about said reference axis. 40. The drill guide system of claim 39, further comprising:
a contact probe, said contact probe including a cannulated shaft and at least one outrigger extending radially outwardly and axially outwardly from a distal end of said cannulated shaft, said contact probe to determine an appropriate contour for an implant. | A system for repairing a defect on an articular surface of a patient's trochlear region, the system comprising a guide block comprising a body having an exterior surface configured to engage with the saddle portion and ridge portions of the patient's trochlear region, a protrusion extending generally from the body and configured to be received in a first bore formed in the articular surface along a reference axis, and a first cavity extending through the body configured to establish a first working axis displaced from the reference axis, wherein the exterior surface of the body and the protrusion are configured to secure the location of the guide block about the patient's trochlear region. A method for preparing an implant site in bone, comprising: establishing a reference axis extending from the bone; creating a bore in the bone by reaming about the reference axis; securing a guide block about the articular surface; establishing a first working axis extending from the bone using the guide block, the first working axis is displaced from the reference axis; and creating a first socket in the bone by reaming about the first working axis, wherein the first socket partially overlaps with the bore.1-25. (canceled) 26. A drill guide system configured to establish a reference axis substantially perpendicular to an articular surface, the drill guide system comprising:
a cannulated shaft having a longitudinal reference axis; and a proximal end that includes:
a first groove contacting tip and a second groove contacting tip to contact said articular surface in a saddle portion of a trochlear region along an inferior-superior plane; and
a first ridge contacting tip and a second ridge contacting tip to contact said articular surface proximate a lateral condyle and a medial condyle of said articular surface. 27. The drill guide system of claim 26:
wherein said first groove contacting tip and said second groove contacting tip are immovably coupled to said cannulated shaft; and wherein said first ridge contacting tip and said second ridge contacting tip are movably coupled to said cannulated shaft. 28. The drill guide system of claim 27:
wherein said first groove contacting tip includes a rigid member having a rounded tip to contact said groove at a first location on said articular surface; and wherein said second groove contacting tip includes a rigid member having a rounded tip to contact said groove at a second location on said articular surface. 29. The drill guide of claim 28 wherein said first groove contacting tip and said second groove contacting tip are disposed 180° in opposition about said cannulated shaft. 30. The drill guide system of claim 28:
wherein said first ridge contacting tip includes a first semicircular member disposed proximate a first portion of said proximal end of said drill guide; and wherein said second ridge contacting tip includes a second semicircular member disposed proximate a second portion of said proximal end of said drill guide. 31. The drill guide system of claim 30 wherein said first ridge contacting tip and said second ridge contacting tip are disposed 180° in opposition about said cannulated shaft. 32. The drill guide system of claim 30 wherein said first groove contacting tip and said second groove contacting tip are disposed between said first ridge contacting tip and said second ridge contacting tip. 33. The drill guide system of claim 27 wherein said first ridge contacting tip and said second ridge contacting tip are biased towards to an extended position. 34. The drill guide system of claim 26 further comprising a guide pin, the guide pin to pass through said cannulated shaft and anchor into bone beneath said articular surface generally along said reference axis of said cannulated shaft. 35. The drill guide system of claim 34:
wherein said guide pin comprises a guide pin having at least one threaded end; and wherein said at least one threaded end anchors said guide pin in said articular surface. 36. The drill guide system of claim 35 wherein said guide pin further includes one or more depth indicia to indicate a depth of the at least one threaded end of the guide pin in said articular surface. 37. The drill guide system of claim 36 wherein said one or more depth indicia comprise a laser-etched depth indicia. 38. The drill guide system of claim 34 wherein said guide pin comprises a guide pin having an outside diameter less than an internal diameter of the cannulated shaft. 39. The drill guide system of claim 34, further comprising:
an excision device, said excision device including a cannulated shaft and a radial cutter comprising a cutting surface disposed about a distal end of said shaft, wherein said excision device is configured to be received over said guide pin to form a first bore, said first bore being centered about said reference axis. 40. The drill guide system of claim 39, further comprising:
a contact probe, said contact probe including a cannulated shaft and at least one outrigger extending radially outwardly and axially outwardly from a distal end of said cannulated shaft, said contact probe to determine an appropriate contour for an implant. | 2,600 |
349,640 | 350,514 | 16,854,261 | 1,646 | The peptide of the present invention performs a function, which is the same as or similar to that of natural interleukin (IL)-3, and has superior skin permeability due to the small size thereof. In addition, the peptide of the present invention suppresses the activation of NF-κB and nuclear transition by inhibiting the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-RANK signaling pathway, and suppresses the expression of a RANKL or an inflammatory cytokine-induced tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), cathepsin K, or TNF receptor type 1 or type 2, thereby inhibiting osteoclast differentiation depending on the treatment concentration. Moreover, the peptide of the present invention can contribute to osteoblast differentiation by promoting the expression of osteoblast differentiation markers such as osteocalcin (OCN), osteoprotegerin (OPG), bone sialoprotein (BSP), or osteopontin (OPN). Therefore, the superior activity and stability of the peptide of the present invention are useful for medicines, sanitary aids, or cosmetics. | 1-16. (canceled) 17. A method for alleviating or treating a bone disease, the method comprising administering to a subject a composition comprising a peptide consisting of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the bone disease is selected from the group consisting of osteoporosis, childhood osteoporosis, osteogenesis imperfecta, osteomalacia, bone necrosis, rickets, osteomyelitis, alveolar bone loss, Paget's disease, hypercalcemia, primary hyperparathyroidism, metastatic bone diseases, myeloma, bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis, bone loss resulting from cancers, fibrous dysplasia, aplastic bone diseases, metabolic bone diseases, and bone loss with age. 19. A method for promoting osteogenic differentiation, the method comprising contacting cells with a composition comprising a peptide consisting of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the composition promotes the expression of osteocalcin (OCN), osteoprotegerin (OPG), bone sialoprotein (BSP) or osteopontin (OPN). | The peptide of the present invention performs a function, which is the same as or similar to that of natural interleukin (IL)-3, and has superior skin permeability due to the small size thereof. In addition, the peptide of the present invention suppresses the activation of NF-κB and nuclear transition by inhibiting the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-RANK signaling pathway, and suppresses the expression of a RANKL or an inflammatory cytokine-induced tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), cathepsin K, or TNF receptor type 1 or type 2, thereby inhibiting osteoclast differentiation depending on the treatment concentration. Moreover, the peptide of the present invention can contribute to osteoblast differentiation by promoting the expression of osteoblast differentiation markers such as osteocalcin (OCN), osteoprotegerin (OPG), bone sialoprotein (BSP), or osteopontin (OPN). Therefore, the superior activity and stability of the peptide of the present invention are useful for medicines, sanitary aids, or cosmetics.1-16. (canceled) 17. A method for alleviating or treating a bone disease, the method comprising administering to a subject a composition comprising a peptide consisting of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the bone disease is selected from the group consisting of osteoporosis, childhood osteoporosis, osteogenesis imperfecta, osteomalacia, bone necrosis, rickets, osteomyelitis, alveolar bone loss, Paget's disease, hypercalcemia, primary hyperparathyroidism, metastatic bone diseases, myeloma, bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis, bone loss resulting from cancers, fibrous dysplasia, aplastic bone diseases, metabolic bone diseases, and bone loss with age. 19. A method for promoting osteogenic differentiation, the method comprising contacting cells with a composition comprising a peptide consisting of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the composition promotes the expression of osteocalcin (OCN), osteoprotegerin (OPG), bone sialoprotein (BSP) or osteopontin (OPN). | 1,600 |
349,641 | 350,515 | 16,854,226 | 1,646 | An electronic component assembly including a fixing part fixable to a first face on a first-direction side of an adherend, an electronic component, and a housing. The adherend has a housing hole opening in the first face. The housing includes a fixed portion fixed to the fixing part and a housing body to house the electronic component. The housing body includes a first portion disposed on a second-direction side relative to the fixing part. The second direction is opposite to the first direction. The first portion of the housing body has a dimension in the second direction that is equal to, or smaller than, a dimension in the second direction of the housing hole of the adherend. The first portion of the housing body is configured to be housed in the housing hole of the adherend. | 1. An electronic component assembly comprising:
a fixing part fixable to a first face on a first-direction side of an adherend, the adherend having a housing hole opening in the first face; an electronic component; and a housing including:
a fixed portion fixed to the fixing part; and
a housing body to house the electronic component, the housing body including a first portion disposed on a second-direction side relative to the fixing part, the second direction being opposite to the first direction, wherein the first portion of the housing body has a dimension in the second direction that is equal to, or smaller than, a dimension in the second direction of the housing hole of the adherend, and the first portion of the housing body is configured to be housed in the housing hole of the adherend. 2. The electronic component assembly according to claim wherein
the housing body is of a generally tubular shape opening in the first direction and including a bottom on the second-direction side, and the fixed portion extends from the housing body and is located on the first-direction side relative to the first portion of the housing body. 3. The electronic component assembly according to claim 2, wherein the bottom of the housing body is provided with at least one through-hole extending through the bottom in the second direction. 4. The electronic component assembly according to claim 2, wherein the housing is formed of a thin metal plate. 5. The electronic component assembly according to claim 2, wherein
the bottom of the housing body of the housing is in direct or indirect abutment with the electronic component, and the electronic component assembly further comprises a support, the support including: a support body fixed to the fixing part; and a leg extending from the support body in the second direction, being received inside the housing body of the housing, and being in direct or indirect abutment with the electronic component. 6. The electronic component assembly according to claim 5, further comprising:
a circuit board fixed to the support body; and at least one of a connector or a circuit part, being mounted on the circuit board and electrically connected to the electronic component. 7. The electronic component assembly according to claim 1, wherein
the fixing part includes a first fixing part and a second fixing part, the first fixing part is attached the second fixing part, the second fixing part is fixable to the first face of the adherend, and the fixed portion of the housing is fixed to the first fixing part. 8. The electronic component assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a holder constituted by an elastic body,
wherein the holder holds the electronic component and is housed in the housing together with the electronic component. 9. The electronic component assembly according to claim 5, further comprising a holder constituted by an elastic body, wherein
the holder holds the electronic component and is housed in the housing together with the electronic component, the bottom of the housing body of the housing abuts the holder, and the leg of the support abuts the holder. 10. The electronic component assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a seal member, wherein
the seal member is fixed to a face on the second-direction side of the fixing part and configured to contact the first face of the adherend, the seal member includes a through-hole extending in the second direction through the seal member, and the first portion of the housing body of the housing is inserted through the through-hole. 11. The electronic component assembly according to claim 1, wherein the fixing part includes a first protrusion, the first protrusion protruding in the second direction and being configured to fit in a positioning hole in the first face of the adherend. 12. A combination of an electronic component assembly and an adherend, the combination comprising:
an adherend including a first face on a first-direction side, a second face on a second-direction side, and a housing hole opening in the first face, the second direction being opposite to the first direction; and the electronic component assembly according to claim 1, wherein the fixing part of the electronic component assembly is fixed to the first face of the adherend, and the first portion of the housing of the electronic component assembly is housed in the housing hole of the adherend without protruding in the second direction relative to the second face of the adherend. 13. The combination according to claim 12, further comprising a seal member compressed between the first face of the adherend and the fixing part, wherein
the seal member has a through-hole extending in the second direction through the seal member, the first portion of the housing body of the housing of the electronic component assembly is inserted through the through-hole. 14. The combination according to claim 12, wherein
one of the fixing part and the first face of the adherend is provided with a first protrusion, and the other is provided with a positioning hole, and the first protrusion is fitted in the positioning hole. 15. A method for assembling an electronic component to an adherend, the method comprising:
preparing an adherend including a first face on a first-direction side, a second face on a second-direction side, and a housing hole opening in the first face, the second direction being opposite to the first direction; preparing a fixing part and a housing, the housing including: a housing body opening in the first direction and including a first portion, the first portion being disposed on a second-direction side to the fixing part, and a fixed portion fixed to the fixing part; arranging the first portion of the housing body of the housing to be housed in the housing hole of the adherend, without protruding the first portion of the housing body to the second-direction side relative to the second face of the adherend, and placing the fixing part on the first face of the adherend; fixing the fixing part to the first face of the adherend; preparing an electronic component before or after placing the fixing part; and arranging the prepared electronic component to be housed inside the housing body. 16. The method according to claim 15, wherein
the arranging of the electronic component to be housed inside the housing body includes bringing the electronic component into abutment with a bottom of the housing body, the method further comprises: preparing a support, the support including a support body and a leg extending in the second direction from the support body; after the electronic component is housed inside the housing body, inserting the leg of the support into the housing body of the housing to bring the leg into abutment with the electronic component; and fixing the support body to the fixing part. 17. The method according to claim 15, wherein
the electronic component is held in a holder constituted by an elastic body, and the arranging of the electronic component to be housed inside the housing body includes arranging the electronic component and the holder to be housed inside the housing body with the holder in abutment with a bottom of the housing body, the method further comprises: preparing a support, the support including a support body and a leg extending in the second direction from the support body; after the electronic component and the holder are housed inside the housing body, inserting the leg of the support into the housing body of the housing to bring the leg into abutment with the holder; and fixing the support body to the fixing part. 18. The method according to claim 15, wherein
the fixing part includes a first fixing part and a second fixing part, the first fixing part is attached the second fixing part, the fixed portion of the housing is fixed to the first fixing part, and the fixing of the fixing part to the first face of the adherend includes fixing the second fixing part to the first face of the adherend. 19. The method according to claim 15, wherein
the method further comprises preparing a seal member surrounding the first portion of the housing body of the housing, the placing of the fixing part on the first face of the adherend includes arranging the seal member to be held between the first face of the adherend and the fixing part, and the fixing of the fixing part to the first face of the adherend includes compressing the seal member between the first face of the adherend and the fixing part. 20. The method according to claim 15, wherein
one of the fixing part or the first face of the adherend is provided with a plurality of first protrusions, and the other is provided with a plurality of positioning holes, and the placing of the fixing part on the first face of the adherend includes fitting the first protrusions into the positioning holes. | An electronic component assembly including a fixing part fixable to a first face on a first-direction side of an adherend, an electronic component, and a housing. The adherend has a housing hole opening in the first face. The housing includes a fixed portion fixed to the fixing part and a housing body to house the electronic component. The housing body includes a first portion disposed on a second-direction side relative to the fixing part. The second direction is opposite to the first direction. The first portion of the housing body has a dimension in the second direction that is equal to, or smaller than, a dimension in the second direction of the housing hole of the adherend. The first portion of the housing body is configured to be housed in the housing hole of the adherend.1. An electronic component assembly comprising:
a fixing part fixable to a first face on a first-direction side of an adherend, the adherend having a housing hole opening in the first face; an electronic component; and a housing including:
a fixed portion fixed to the fixing part; and
a housing body to house the electronic component, the housing body including a first portion disposed on a second-direction side relative to the fixing part, the second direction being opposite to the first direction, wherein the first portion of the housing body has a dimension in the second direction that is equal to, or smaller than, a dimension in the second direction of the housing hole of the adherend, and the first portion of the housing body is configured to be housed in the housing hole of the adherend. 2. The electronic component assembly according to claim wherein
the housing body is of a generally tubular shape opening in the first direction and including a bottom on the second-direction side, and the fixed portion extends from the housing body and is located on the first-direction side relative to the first portion of the housing body. 3. The electronic component assembly according to claim 2, wherein the bottom of the housing body is provided with at least one through-hole extending through the bottom in the second direction. 4. The electronic component assembly according to claim 2, wherein the housing is formed of a thin metal plate. 5. The electronic component assembly according to claim 2, wherein
the bottom of the housing body of the housing is in direct or indirect abutment with the electronic component, and the electronic component assembly further comprises a support, the support including: a support body fixed to the fixing part; and a leg extending from the support body in the second direction, being received inside the housing body of the housing, and being in direct or indirect abutment with the electronic component. 6. The electronic component assembly according to claim 5, further comprising:
a circuit board fixed to the support body; and at least one of a connector or a circuit part, being mounted on the circuit board and electrically connected to the electronic component. 7. The electronic component assembly according to claim 1, wherein
the fixing part includes a first fixing part and a second fixing part, the first fixing part is attached the second fixing part, the second fixing part is fixable to the first face of the adherend, and the fixed portion of the housing is fixed to the first fixing part. 8. The electronic component assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a holder constituted by an elastic body,
wherein the holder holds the electronic component and is housed in the housing together with the electronic component. 9. The electronic component assembly according to claim 5, further comprising a holder constituted by an elastic body, wherein
the holder holds the electronic component and is housed in the housing together with the electronic component, the bottom of the housing body of the housing abuts the holder, and the leg of the support abuts the holder. 10. The electronic component assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a seal member, wherein
the seal member is fixed to a face on the second-direction side of the fixing part and configured to contact the first face of the adherend, the seal member includes a through-hole extending in the second direction through the seal member, and the first portion of the housing body of the housing is inserted through the through-hole. 11. The electronic component assembly according to claim 1, wherein the fixing part includes a first protrusion, the first protrusion protruding in the second direction and being configured to fit in a positioning hole in the first face of the adherend. 12. A combination of an electronic component assembly and an adherend, the combination comprising:
an adherend including a first face on a first-direction side, a second face on a second-direction side, and a housing hole opening in the first face, the second direction being opposite to the first direction; and the electronic component assembly according to claim 1, wherein the fixing part of the electronic component assembly is fixed to the first face of the adherend, and the first portion of the housing of the electronic component assembly is housed in the housing hole of the adherend without protruding in the second direction relative to the second face of the adherend. 13. The combination according to claim 12, further comprising a seal member compressed between the first face of the adherend and the fixing part, wherein
the seal member has a through-hole extending in the second direction through the seal member, the first portion of the housing body of the housing of the electronic component assembly is inserted through the through-hole. 14. The combination according to claim 12, wherein
one of the fixing part and the first face of the adherend is provided with a first protrusion, and the other is provided with a positioning hole, and the first protrusion is fitted in the positioning hole. 15. A method for assembling an electronic component to an adherend, the method comprising:
preparing an adherend including a first face on a first-direction side, a second face on a second-direction side, and a housing hole opening in the first face, the second direction being opposite to the first direction; preparing a fixing part and a housing, the housing including: a housing body opening in the first direction and including a first portion, the first portion being disposed on a second-direction side to the fixing part, and a fixed portion fixed to the fixing part; arranging the first portion of the housing body of the housing to be housed in the housing hole of the adherend, without protruding the first portion of the housing body to the second-direction side relative to the second face of the adherend, and placing the fixing part on the first face of the adherend; fixing the fixing part to the first face of the adherend; preparing an electronic component before or after placing the fixing part; and arranging the prepared electronic component to be housed inside the housing body. 16. The method according to claim 15, wherein
the arranging of the electronic component to be housed inside the housing body includes bringing the electronic component into abutment with a bottom of the housing body, the method further comprises: preparing a support, the support including a support body and a leg extending in the second direction from the support body; after the electronic component is housed inside the housing body, inserting the leg of the support into the housing body of the housing to bring the leg into abutment with the electronic component; and fixing the support body to the fixing part. 17. The method according to claim 15, wherein
the electronic component is held in a holder constituted by an elastic body, and the arranging of the electronic component to be housed inside the housing body includes arranging the electronic component and the holder to be housed inside the housing body with the holder in abutment with a bottom of the housing body, the method further comprises: preparing a support, the support including a support body and a leg extending in the second direction from the support body; after the electronic component and the holder are housed inside the housing body, inserting the leg of the support into the housing body of the housing to bring the leg into abutment with the holder; and fixing the support body to the fixing part. 18. The method according to claim 15, wherein
the fixing part includes a first fixing part and a second fixing part, the first fixing part is attached the second fixing part, the fixed portion of the housing is fixed to the first fixing part, and the fixing of the fixing part to the first face of the adherend includes fixing the second fixing part to the first face of the adherend. 19. The method according to claim 15, wherein
the method further comprises preparing a seal member surrounding the first portion of the housing body of the housing, the placing of the fixing part on the first face of the adherend includes arranging the seal member to be held between the first face of the adherend and the fixing part, and the fixing of the fixing part to the first face of the adherend includes compressing the seal member between the first face of the adherend and the fixing part. 20. The method according to claim 15, wherein
one of the fixing part or the first face of the adherend is provided with a plurality of first protrusions, and the other is provided with a plurality of positioning holes, and the placing of the fixing part on the first face of the adherend includes fitting the first protrusions into the positioning holes. | 1,600 |
349,642 | 350,516 | 16,854,236 | 1,646 | Disclosed herein are compositions comprising furan-based polyamides and blend of furan-based polyamides with other polyamides. Also disclosed herein are multilayer structures comprising the furan-based polyamides and articles comprising the multilayer structures. | 1. A multilayer structure comprising:
a) a first layer selected from the group consisting of polymers, composites, metals, alloys, glass, silicon, ceramics, wood, and paper; and b) a furan-based polyamide layer disposed on at least a portion of the first layer, wherein the furan-based polyamide is derived from:
i. one or more dicarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic diacid, an aromatic diacid and an alkylaromatic diacid, wherein at least one of the dicarboxylic acid is furan dicarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof, and
ii. one or more diamines s selected from the group consisting an aliphatic diamine, an aromatic diamine and an alkylaromatic diamine, and
wherein the furan-based polyamide layer provides a substantial barrier to gas permeation. 2. The multilayer structure of claim 1, wherein the first layer is selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, polyester, polyolefin, polyamide, polyimide, polycarbonate, polyether, polyacrylates, styrenics, fluoropolymer, polyvinylchlorides, epoxies, EVOH and polysiloxanes. 3. The multilayer structure of claim 1, wherein the furan-based polyamide comprises the following repeat unit: 4. The multilayer structure of claim 4, wherein R is a C2-C18 hydrocarbon or fluorocarbon group. 5. The multilayer structure of claim 1, wherein the furan-based polyamide layer is a polymer blend of the furan-based polyamide and a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes, polyesters, polyolefins, polyamides, polyimides, polycarbonates, polyethers, polyacrylates, styrenics, fluoropolymers, polysiloxanes, EVOH, and mixtures thereof,
wherein the furan-based polyamide is present in an amount in the range of 0.1-99.9% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymer blend. 6. The multilayer structure of claim 1, wherein the furan-based polyamide layer is a polymer blend comprising poly(trimethylene furandicarbonamide) (3AF) and a second furan-based polyamide different from 3AF, and
wherein the amount of 3AF is 0.1-99.9% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymer blend. 7. The multilayer structure of claim 1 further comprising a second layer disposed on at least a portion of the furan-based polyamide layer, such that at least a portion of the furan-based polyamide layer is sandwiched between the first tie layer and the second layer. 8. The multilayer structure of claim 1, wherein the furan-based polyamide is a furan-based polyamide derived from:
a) two or more diacids or derivatives thereof selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic diacid, an aromatic diacid and an alkylaromatic diacid, wherein the two or more diacids comprises at least 50.1 mol % of furan dicarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof, based on the total amount of the diacids or derivatives thereof; and b) one or more diamines selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic diamine, an aromatic diamine and an alkylaromatic diamine. 9. An article comprising the multilayer structure of claim 1, wherein the article is a film, a sheet, a coating, shaped or modeled article, a layer in a multilayer laminate, filaments, fibers, spun yarn, woven fabric, garment, or non-woven web, and wherein the multilayer structure provides gas permeation barrier to a product. 10. The article of claim 9, wherein the product is at least one of an oxygen-sensitive product, a moisture-sensitive product, or a carbonated beverage. 11. A gas impermeable structure comprising two or more layers, wherein at least one of the layers is a gas permeation barrier layer comprising a furan-based polyamide comprises the following repeat unit: 12. A method of improving a shelf-life of a product comprising:
a) providing a gas-impermeable structure in a form of a housing provided with a port for introducing a product in an enclosure defined by the housing, wherein the gas-impermeable structure comprises one or more layers, wherein at least one of the layers comprises a furan-based polyamide, wherein the furan-based polyamide is derived from:
i. one or more dicarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic diacid, an aromatic diacid and an alkylaromatic diacid, wherein at least one of the dicarboxylic acid is furan dicarboxylic acid or derivative thereof, and
ii. one or more diamines selected from the group consisting an aliphatic diamine, an aromatic diamine and an alkylaromatic diamine; and
b) storing the product in the enclosure defined by the housing of the gas-impermeable structure, wherein the gas permeation barrier layer prevents permeation of gases thereby improving the shelf life of the product. 13. A polymer blend composition comprising a polymer blend of a furan-based polyamide and a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes, polyesters, polyolefins, polyamides, polyimides, polycarbonates, polyethers, polyacrylates, styrenics, fluoropolymers, polysiloxanes, EVOH, and mixtures thereof, wherein the furan-based polyamide is derived from:
i. one or more dicarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic diacid, an aromatic diacid and an alkylaromatic diacid, wherein at least one of the dicarboxylic acid or derivative thereof is furan dicarboxylic acid or derivative thereof, and ii. one or more diamines selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic diamine, a cycloaliphatic diamine, an aromatic diamine, an arylaliphatic diamine and an alkylaromatic diamine, wherein the furan-based polyamide is present in an amount in the range of 0.1-99.9% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymer blend. 14. The polymer blend composition of claim 13, comprising the polymer blend of a furan-based polyamide and a second polyamide selected from the group consisting of nylon-6, nylon-11, nylon-12, nylon 6-6, nylon 6-10, nylon 6-11, nylon 6-12, nylon 6/66 copolymer, nylon 6/12/66 terpolymer, poly(para-phenylene terephthalamide), poly(meta-phenylene terephthalamide), poly(meta-xylene adipamide) (MXD6), and mixtures thereof, wherein the furan-based polyamide is present in an amount in the range of 0.1-99.9% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymer blend. 15. The polymer blend composition of claim 13, comprising the polymer blend comprises poly(trimethylene furandicarbonamide) (3AF) and a second furan-based polyamide different from 3AF and wherein the amount of 3AF is 0.1-99.9% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymer blend. | Disclosed herein are compositions comprising furan-based polyamides and blend of furan-based polyamides with other polyamides. Also disclosed herein are multilayer structures comprising the furan-based polyamides and articles comprising the multilayer structures.1. A multilayer structure comprising:
a) a first layer selected from the group consisting of polymers, composites, metals, alloys, glass, silicon, ceramics, wood, and paper; and b) a furan-based polyamide layer disposed on at least a portion of the first layer, wherein the furan-based polyamide is derived from:
i. one or more dicarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic diacid, an aromatic diacid and an alkylaromatic diacid, wherein at least one of the dicarboxylic acid is furan dicarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof, and
ii. one or more diamines s selected from the group consisting an aliphatic diamine, an aromatic diamine and an alkylaromatic diamine, and
wherein the furan-based polyamide layer provides a substantial barrier to gas permeation. 2. The multilayer structure of claim 1, wherein the first layer is selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, polyester, polyolefin, polyamide, polyimide, polycarbonate, polyether, polyacrylates, styrenics, fluoropolymer, polyvinylchlorides, epoxies, EVOH and polysiloxanes. 3. The multilayer structure of claim 1, wherein the furan-based polyamide comprises the following repeat unit: 4. The multilayer structure of claim 4, wherein R is a C2-C18 hydrocarbon or fluorocarbon group. 5. The multilayer structure of claim 1, wherein the furan-based polyamide layer is a polymer blend of the furan-based polyamide and a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes, polyesters, polyolefins, polyamides, polyimides, polycarbonates, polyethers, polyacrylates, styrenics, fluoropolymers, polysiloxanes, EVOH, and mixtures thereof,
wherein the furan-based polyamide is present in an amount in the range of 0.1-99.9% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymer blend. 6. The multilayer structure of claim 1, wherein the furan-based polyamide layer is a polymer blend comprising poly(trimethylene furandicarbonamide) (3AF) and a second furan-based polyamide different from 3AF, and
wherein the amount of 3AF is 0.1-99.9% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymer blend. 7. The multilayer structure of claim 1 further comprising a second layer disposed on at least a portion of the furan-based polyamide layer, such that at least a portion of the furan-based polyamide layer is sandwiched between the first tie layer and the second layer. 8. The multilayer structure of claim 1, wherein the furan-based polyamide is a furan-based polyamide derived from:
a) two or more diacids or derivatives thereof selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic diacid, an aromatic diacid and an alkylaromatic diacid, wherein the two or more diacids comprises at least 50.1 mol % of furan dicarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof, based on the total amount of the diacids or derivatives thereof; and b) one or more diamines selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic diamine, an aromatic diamine and an alkylaromatic diamine. 9. An article comprising the multilayer structure of claim 1, wherein the article is a film, a sheet, a coating, shaped or modeled article, a layer in a multilayer laminate, filaments, fibers, spun yarn, woven fabric, garment, or non-woven web, and wherein the multilayer structure provides gas permeation barrier to a product. 10. The article of claim 9, wherein the product is at least one of an oxygen-sensitive product, a moisture-sensitive product, or a carbonated beverage. 11. A gas impermeable structure comprising two or more layers, wherein at least one of the layers is a gas permeation barrier layer comprising a furan-based polyamide comprises the following repeat unit: 12. A method of improving a shelf-life of a product comprising:
a) providing a gas-impermeable structure in a form of a housing provided with a port for introducing a product in an enclosure defined by the housing, wherein the gas-impermeable structure comprises one or more layers, wherein at least one of the layers comprises a furan-based polyamide, wherein the furan-based polyamide is derived from:
i. one or more dicarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic diacid, an aromatic diacid and an alkylaromatic diacid, wherein at least one of the dicarboxylic acid is furan dicarboxylic acid or derivative thereof, and
ii. one or more diamines selected from the group consisting an aliphatic diamine, an aromatic diamine and an alkylaromatic diamine; and
b) storing the product in the enclosure defined by the housing of the gas-impermeable structure, wherein the gas permeation barrier layer prevents permeation of gases thereby improving the shelf life of the product. 13. A polymer blend composition comprising a polymer blend of a furan-based polyamide and a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes, polyesters, polyolefins, polyamides, polyimides, polycarbonates, polyethers, polyacrylates, styrenics, fluoropolymers, polysiloxanes, EVOH, and mixtures thereof, wherein the furan-based polyamide is derived from:
i. one or more dicarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic diacid, an aromatic diacid and an alkylaromatic diacid, wherein at least one of the dicarboxylic acid or derivative thereof is furan dicarboxylic acid or derivative thereof, and ii. one or more diamines selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic diamine, a cycloaliphatic diamine, an aromatic diamine, an arylaliphatic diamine and an alkylaromatic diamine, wherein the furan-based polyamide is present in an amount in the range of 0.1-99.9% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymer blend. 14. The polymer blend composition of claim 13, comprising the polymer blend of a furan-based polyamide and a second polyamide selected from the group consisting of nylon-6, nylon-11, nylon-12, nylon 6-6, nylon 6-10, nylon 6-11, nylon 6-12, nylon 6/66 copolymer, nylon 6/12/66 terpolymer, poly(para-phenylene terephthalamide), poly(meta-phenylene terephthalamide), poly(meta-xylene adipamide) (MXD6), and mixtures thereof, wherein the furan-based polyamide is present in an amount in the range of 0.1-99.9% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymer blend. 15. The polymer blend composition of claim 13, comprising the polymer blend comprises poly(trimethylene furandicarbonamide) (3AF) and a second furan-based polyamide different from 3AF and wherein the amount of 3AF is 0.1-99.9% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymer blend. | 1,600 |
349,643 | 350,517 | 16,854,231 | 1,646 | The disclosed technology relates to corrosion- or rust-preventive coating compositions and methods of their use. The compositions comprise a rust preventative composition, optionally including a diluent, and a quaternary ammonium salt. | 1. A coating composition comprising, consisting of, or consisting essentially of,
a. a rust preventative composition, a quaternary ammonium salt comprising b. a compound of at least one of formulas XIV, XV, XVIII, XVI, XVII, and combinations thereof: 2. (canceled) 3. (canceled) 4. (canceled) 5. (canceled) 6. (canceled) 7. (canceled) 8. The coating composition of claim 1, wherein the quaternizing agent is capable of coupling more than one quaternary ammonium salt. 9. (canceled) 10. The coating composition of claim 1, wherein the quaternizing agent is chosen from polyepoxides, polyhalides, epoxy halides, aromatic polyesters, and mixtures thereof. 11. The coating composition of claim 1, wherein the quaternizing agent is chosen from di-epoxides or akyl di-halides. 12. The coating composition of claim 1, wherein the quaternizing agent is chosen from 1,4 butanediol diglycidylether or bisphenol-A-diglycidylether. 13. The coating composition of claim 1, wherein the quaternizing agent comprises at least one alcohol functionalized epoxide, C4 to C14 epoxides, or mixture thereof. 14. The coating composition of claim 13, wherein the quaternizing agent is glycidol. 15. The coating composition of claim 13, wherein the quaternizing agent is epoxyhexadecane. 16. The coating composition of claim 13, wherein the quaternizing agent comprises butylene oxide. 17. The coating composition of claim 13 wherein the quaternizing agent is employed in the presence of a protic solvent. 18. The coating composition of claim 17, wherein the protic solvent comprises 2-ethylhexanol, water, and mixtures thereof. 19. The coating composition of claim 13 wherein the quaternizing agent is employed in the presence of an acid. 20. The coating composition of claim 13, wherein the acid is present in the structure of the quaternary ammonium salt. 21. The coating composition of claim 1, wherein the quaternizing agent is chosen from dialkyl sulfates, alkyl halides, hydrocarbyl substituted carbonates, hydrocarbyl epoxides, carboxylates, alkyl esters and mixtures thereof. 22. The coating composition of claim 1, further comprising at least one other additive. 23. The coating composition of claim 22, wherein the at least one other additive comprises at least one non-quaternized hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid. 24. The coating composition of claim 23, wherein the hydrocarbyl-substituent is a polyisobutylene having a molecular weight of from about 100 to about 5000. 25. (canceled) 26. A method of providing rust prevention to a metal surface comprising applying to the metal surface a rust preventative composition comprising according to claim 1. 27. The use of a quaternary ammonium salt according to claim 1 to provide water separation for a coating composition comprising a rust preventative composition. | The disclosed technology relates to corrosion- or rust-preventive coating compositions and methods of their use. The compositions comprise a rust preventative composition, optionally including a diluent, and a quaternary ammonium salt.1. A coating composition comprising, consisting of, or consisting essentially of,
a. a rust preventative composition, a quaternary ammonium salt comprising b. a compound of at least one of formulas XIV, XV, XVIII, XVI, XVII, and combinations thereof: 2. (canceled) 3. (canceled) 4. (canceled) 5. (canceled) 6. (canceled) 7. (canceled) 8. The coating composition of claim 1, wherein the quaternizing agent is capable of coupling more than one quaternary ammonium salt. 9. (canceled) 10. The coating composition of claim 1, wherein the quaternizing agent is chosen from polyepoxides, polyhalides, epoxy halides, aromatic polyesters, and mixtures thereof. 11. The coating composition of claim 1, wherein the quaternizing agent is chosen from di-epoxides or akyl di-halides. 12. The coating composition of claim 1, wherein the quaternizing agent is chosen from 1,4 butanediol diglycidylether or bisphenol-A-diglycidylether. 13. The coating composition of claim 1, wherein the quaternizing agent comprises at least one alcohol functionalized epoxide, C4 to C14 epoxides, or mixture thereof. 14. The coating composition of claim 13, wherein the quaternizing agent is glycidol. 15. The coating composition of claim 13, wherein the quaternizing agent is epoxyhexadecane. 16. The coating composition of claim 13, wherein the quaternizing agent comprises butylene oxide. 17. The coating composition of claim 13 wherein the quaternizing agent is employed in the presence of a protic solvent. 18. The coating composition of claim 17, wherein the protic solvent comprises 2-ethylhexanol, water, and mixtures thereof. 19. The coating composition of claim 13 wherein the quaternizing agent is employed in the presence of an acid. 20. The coating composition of claim 13, wherein the acid is present in the structure of the quaternary ammonium salt. 21. The coating composition of claim 1, wherein the quaternizing agent is chosen from dialkyl sulfates, alkyl halides, hydrocarbyl substituted carbonates, hydrocarbyl epoxides, carboxylates, alkyl esters and mixtures thereof. 22. The coating composition of claim 1, further comprising at least one other additive. 23. The coating composition of claim 22, wherein the at least one other additive comprises at least one non-quaternized hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid. 24. The coating composition of claim 23, wherein the hydrocarbyl-substituent is a polyisobutylene having a molecular weight of from about 100 to about 5000. 25. (canceled) 26. A method of providing rust prevention to a metal surface comprising applying to the metal surface a rust preventative composition comprising according to claim 1. 27. The use of a quaternary ammonium salt according to claim 1 to provide water separation for a coating composition comprising a rust preventative composition. | 1,600 |
349,644 | 350,518 | 16,854,210 | 1,646 | A device receives receipt data of a receipt of a transaction for a product, and processes, using a term matching technique, the receipt data to identify transaction information including a transaction date and product information. The device determines that the transaction caused a user to be covered by or eligible for a warranty for the product, generates a tag identifying the product, and associates, using a data structure, the product information, data identifying the warranty, and the tag with a record of the transaction that is accessible via a program that allows the user to search for the receipt or terms of the warranty. The device performs actions associated with assisting the user in managing the warranty, such as by reminding the user of an expiration date of the warranty and/or by assisting the user in submitting a claim based on the warranty. | 1. A method, comprising:
receiving, by a device, receipt data of a receipt of a transaction for one or more products, the receipt data to include a transaction date; determining, by the device, that a threshold likelihood that the transaction caused a user to be covered by or eligible for a warranty for a product of the one or more products is satisfied; determining, by the device, the warranty for the product based on determining that there the threshold likelihood is satisfied; identifying, by the device and by a semantic engine parser, one or more terms of the warranty for the product to analyze a website associated with the transaction that describes the one or more terms of the warranty; generating, by the device, a set of tags identifying the one or more products, associating, by the device, the one or more terms of the warranty and the set of tags with a record of the transaction; and sending, by the device, a notification to remind the user of an expiration date of the warranty. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the receipt data comprises:
using a secure access delegation service to access a set of e-mails associated with an e-mail account of the user; analyzing the set of e-mails to identify the receipt of the transaction; and obtaining the receipt of the transaction. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more terms of the warranty are identified using:
a character recognition technique, or a term matching technique. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
identifying the transaction date by comparing the receipt data to a template that includes values commonly found in dates. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
predicting, using a data model that has been trained on historical warranty data and that uses one or more machine learning techniques, a set of search terms that the user is likely to use when searching for the one or more terms of the warranty, and using the set of search terms to generate the set of tags. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein associating the one or more terms of the warranty and the set of tags with the record of the transaction comprises:
using a data structure to establish an association between the one or more terms of the warranty, the set of tags, the receipt, and a transaction identifier used to create the record of the transaction. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the set of tags comprises:
generating the set of tags based on mapping one or more synonyms to a name of the product. 8. A device, comprising:
one or more memories; and one or more processors, operatively coupled to the one or more memories, to:
receive receipt data of a receipt of a transaction for one or more products, the receipt data to include a transaction date;
determine that a threshold likelihood that the transaction caused a user to be covered by or eligible for a warranty for a product of the one or more products is satisfied;
determine the warranty for the product based on determining that there the threshold likelihood is satisfied;
identifying, by a semantic engine parser, one or more terms of the warranty for the product to analyze a website associated with the transaction that describes the one or more terms of the warranty;
generate a set of tags identifying the one or more products,
associate the one or more terms of the warranty and the set of tags with a record of the transaction; and
send a notification an expiration date of the warranty. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the one or more processors, when receiving the receipt data, are to:
monitor a transaction history associated with an account of the user; identify a change to the transaction history; and use a secure access delegation service to access the receipt of the transaction. 10. The device of claim 8, wherein the one or more processors, when sending the notification the expiration date of the warranty, are to:
send the notification if a current date is within a threshold time period of the expiration date. 11. The device of claim 8, wherein the one or more processors are further to:
predict, using a data model that has been trained on historical warranty data and that uses one or more machine learning techniques, a set of search terms that the user is likely to use when searching for the one or more terms of the warranty, and use the set of search terms to generate the set of tags. 12. The device of claim 8, wherein the one or more processors, when associating the one or more terms of the warranty and the set of tags with the record of the transaction, are to:
use a data structure to establish an association between the one or more terms of the warranty, the set of tags, the receipt, and a transaction identifier used to create the record of the transaction. 13. The device of claim 8, wherein the one or more processors, when generating the set of tags, cause the one or more processors to:
generate the set of tags based on mapping one or more synonyms to a name of the product. 14. The device of claim 8, wherein the notification includes one or more of:
the expiration date of the warranty, information needed to renew the warranty, or information needed to make a claim based on a term of the warranty not being fulfilled. 15. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions, the one or more instructions comprising:
one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to:
receive receipt data of a receipt of a transaction for one or more products, the receipt data to include a transaction date;
determine that a threshold likelihood that the transaction caused a user to be covered by or eligible for a warranty for a product of the one or more products is satisfied;
determine the warranty for the product based on determining that there the threshold likelihood is satisfied;
identifying, by a semantic engine parser, one or more terms of the warranty for the product to analyze a website associated with the transaction that describes the one or more terms of the warranty;
generate a set of tags identifying the one or more products,
associate the one or more terms of the warranty and the set of tags with a record of the transaction; and
send a notification an expiration date of the warranty. 16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the one or more instructions, that cause the one or more processors to generate the set of tags, cause the one or more processors to:
generate the set of tags based on mapping one or more synonyms to a name of the product. 17. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the one or more instructions, that cause the one or more processors to receive the receipt data, cause the one or more processors to:
monitor a transaction history associated with an account of the user; identify a change to the transaction history; and use a secure access delegation service to access the receipt of the transaction. 18. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the one or more instructions, that cause the one or more processors to send the notification the expiration date of the warranty, cause the one or more processors to:
send the notification if a current date is within a threshold time period of the expiration date. 19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the one or more instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the one or more processors to:
predict, using a data model that has been trained on historical warranty data and that uses one or more machine learning techniques, a set of search terms that the user is likely to use when searching for the one or more terms of the warranty, and use the set of search terms to generate the set of tags. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the one or more instructions, that cause the one or more processors to associate the one or more terms of the warranty and the set of tags with the record of the transaction, cause the one or more processors to:
use a data structure to establish an association between the one or more terms of the warranty, the set of tags, the receipt, and a transaction identifier used to create the record of the transaction. | A device receives receipt data of a receipt of a transaction for a product, and processes, using a term matching technique, the receipt data to identify transaction information including a transaction date and product information. The device determines that the transaction caused a user to be covered by or eligible for a warranty for the product, generates a tag identifying the product, and associates, using a data structure, the product information, data identifying the warranty, and the tag with a record of the transaction that is accessible via a program that allows the user to search for the receipt or terms of the warranty. The device performs actions associated with assisting the user in managing the warranty, such as by reminding the user of an expiration date of the warranty and/or by assisting the user in submitting a claim based on the warranty.1. A method, comprising:
receiving, by a device, receipt data of a receipt of a transaction for one or more products, the receipt data to include a transaction date; determining, by the device, that a threshold likelihood that the transaction caused a user to be covered by or eligible for a warranty for a product of the one or more products is satisfied; determining, by the device, the warranty for the product based on determining that there the threshold likelihood is satisfied; identifying, by the device and by a semantic engine parser, one or more terms of the warranty for the product to analyze a website associated with the transaction that describes the one or more terms of the warranty; generating, by the device, a set of tags identifying the one or more products, associating, by the device, the one or more terms of the warranty and the set of tags with a record of the transaction; and sending, by the device, a notification to remind the user of an expiration date of the warranty. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the receipt data comprises:
using a secure access delegation service to access a set of e-mails associated with an e-mail account of the user; analyzing the set of e-mails to identify the receipt of the transaction; and obtaining the receipt of the transaction. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more terms of the warranty are identified using:
a character recognition technique, or a term matching technique. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
identifying the transaction date by comparing the receipt data to a template that includes values commonly found in dates. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
predicting, using a data model that has been trained on historical warranty data and that uses one or more machine learning techniques, a set of search terms that the user is likely to use when searching for the one or more terms of the warranty, and using the set of search terms to generate the set of tags. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein associating the one or more terms of the warranty and the set of tags with the record of the transaction comprises:
using a data structure to establish an association between the one or more terms of the warranty, the set of tags, the receipt, and a transaction identifier used to create the record of the transaction. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the set of tags comprises:
generating the set of tags based on mapping one or more synonyms to a name of the product. 8. A device, comprising:
one or more memories; and one or more processors, operatively coupled to the one or more memories, to:
receive receipt data of a receipt of a transaction for one or more products, the receipt data to include a transaction date;
determine that a threshold likelihood that the transaction caused a user to be covered by or eligible for a warranty for a product of the one or more products is satisfied;
determine the warranty for the product based on determining that there the threshold likelihood is satisfied;
identifying, by a semantic engine parser, one or more terms of the warranty for the product to analyze a website associated with the transaction that describes the one or more terms of the warranty;
generate a set of tags identifying the one or more products,
associate the one or more terms of the warranty and the set of tags with a record of the transaction; and
send a notification an expiration date of the warranty. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the one or more processors, when receiving the receipt data, are to:
monitor a transaction history associated with an account of the user; identify a change to the transaction history; and use a secure access delegation service to access the receipt of the transaction. 10. The device of claim 8, wherein the one or more processors, when sending the notification the expiration date of the warranty, are to:
send the notification if a current date is within a threshold time period of the expiration date. 11. The device of claim 8, wherein the one or more processors are further to:
predict, using a data model that has been trained on historical warranty data and that uses one or more machine learning techniques, a set of search terms that the user is likely to use when searching for the one or more terms of the warranty, and use the set of search terms to generate the set of tags. 12. The device of claim 8, wherein the one or more processors, when associating the one or more terms of the warranty and the set of tags with the record of the transaction, are to:
use a data structure to establish an association between the one or more terms of the warranty, the set of tags, the receipt, and a transaction identifier used to create the record of the transaction. 13. The device of claim 8, wherein the one or more processors, when generating the set of tags, cause the one or more processors to:
generate the set of tags based on mapping one or more synonyms to a name of the product. 14. The device of claim 8, wherein the notification includes one or more of:
the expiration date of the warranty, information needed to renew the warranty, or information needed to make a claim based on a term of the warranty not being fulfilled. 15. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions, the one or more instructions comprising:
one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to:
receive receipt data of a receipt of a transaction for one or more products, the receipt data to include a transaction date;
determine that a threshold likelihood that the transaction caused a user to be covered by or eligible for a warranty for a product of the one or more products is satisfied;
determine the warranty for the product based on determining that there the threshold likelihood is satisfied;
identifying, by a semantic engine parser, one or more terms of the warranty for the product to analyze a website associated with the transaction that describes the one or more terms of the warranty;
generate a set of tags identifying the one or more products,
associate the one or more terms of the warranty and the set of tags with a record of the transaction; and
send a notification an expiration date of the warranty. 16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the one or more instructions, that cause the one or more processors to generate the set of tags, cause the one or more processors to:
generate the set of tags based on mapping one or more synonyms to a name of the product. 17. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the one or more instructions, that cause the one or more processors to receive the receipt data, cause the one or more processors to:
monitor a transaction history associated with an account of the user; identify a change to the transaction history; and use a secure access delegation service to access the receipt of the transaction. 18. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the one or more instructions, that cause the one or more processors to send the notification the expiration date of the warranty, cause the one or more processors to:
send the notification if a current date is within a threshold time period of the expiration date. 19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the one or more instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the one or more processors to:
predict, using a data model that has been trained on historical warranty data and that uses one or more machine learning techniques, a set of search terms that the user is likely to use when searching for the one or more terms of the warranty, and use the set of search terms to generate the set of tags. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the one or more instructions, that cause the one or more processors to associate the one or more terms of the warranty and the set of tags with the record of the transaction, cause the one or more processors to:
use a data structure to establish an association between the one or more terms of the warranty, the set of tags, the receipt, and a transaction identifier used to create the record of the transaction. | 1,600 |
349,645 | 350,519 | 16,854,238 | 3,675 | A seal assembly is configured for use at PVCO pipe junctions. The seal assembly includes a main seal body made of a monolithic resilient material, such as rubber, and a stiffener. The seal has a stiffener pocket sized and configured to accept the stiffener, such that the stiffener can be assembled to the seal body by hand. This assembly can then be installed into the bell end of a first PVCO pipe, and a spigot end of a second PVCO pipe may then be inserted into the bell end and engaged with a main sealing lobe of the seal assembly. The seal assembly is configured to reliably withstand the insertion process, without damage or degradation to the sealing structures. Once installed, the seal assembly provides a robust fluid-tight seal along all potential leak paths between the seal assembly and the first and second pipes. | 1. A seal assembly for a polymer pipe joint, the seal assembly comprising:
an annular flexible seal body configured to be installed about an inner periphery of the polymer pipe joint, such that the seal body defines a flow path therethrough with a flow axis, the seal body comprising:
a spigot-side sealing surface;
a bell-side sealing surface angled with respect to the spigot-side sealing surface, both the spigot-side sealing surface and the bell-side sealing surface facing radially outwardly from the flow axis;
a main sealing lobe extending radially inwardly from the seal body; and
a stiffener pocket extending into the seal body from the bell-side sealing surface; and
an annular stiffener sized to be received within and occupy the stiffener pocket. 2. The seal assembly of claim 1, wherein the seal body further comprises a nose at a spigot-side end of the seal body. 3. The seal assembly of claim 2, wherein a radial inward surface extending away from the nose includes a concavity. 4. The seal assembly of claim 1, wherein the seal body further comprises a locking fin at a bell-end side of the seal body, the locking fin extending radially inwardly from the seal body by an amount less than the radial inward extend of the main sealing lobe. 5. The seal assembly of claim 4, wherein the main sealing lobe is sized to deflect and deform into contact with the rest of the seal body but without contacting the locking fin. 6. The seal assembly of claim 1, wherein the annular stiffener comprises:
a central portion; a spigot-end portion extending radially inwardly away from the central portion; and a bell-end portion extending radially outward away from the central portion. 7. The seal assembly of claim 6, wherein the stiffener pocket has a shape and size commensurate with the shape and size of the annular stiffener, such that the annular stiffener occupies the entirety of the stiffener pocket. 8. The seal assembly of claim 1, wherein the bell-side sealing surface comprises a first sealing surface and a second sealing surface on opposite sides of the stiffener. 9. The seal assembly of claim 1, wherein the seal body has a substantially constant durometer throughout its cross-sectional area. 10. The seal assembly of claim 1, wherein a durometer of the seal body is between 55 and 70 as measured on the shore A scale. 11. The seal assembly of claim 1, wherein the stiffener is mechanically bonded to the seal body, without the use of adhesive or other chemical bonding. 12. The seal assembly of claim 1, in combination with a first polymer pipe having a bell end including a groove having the seal assembly received therein, the bell end having a first radial extent upstream and downstream of the groove, and the groove have a second radial extent larger than the first radial extent, the seal body received within the groove and the main sealing lobe extending radially inward of the first radial extent. 13. The seal assembly of claim 12, wherein the seal body further comprises a nose at a spigot-side terminus of the seal body, the nose radially outside of the first radial extent. 14. The seal assembly of claim 13, further comprising a second polymer pipe having a spigot end received within the bell end of the first polymer pipe, the spigot end deforming and deflecting the main sealing lobe toward the seal body. 15. The seal assembly of claim 12, wherein the stiffener abuts an adjacent surface of the groove. 16. The seal assembly of claim 15, wherein the bell-side sealing surface comprises a first sealing surface and a second sealing surface on opposite sides of the stiffener and engaged with the adjacent surface of the groove, such that the stiffener pocket is sealed from the flow path. 17. A polymer pipe joint comprising:
a seal assembly comprising:
an annular flexible seal body configured to be installed about an inner periphery of the polymer pipe joint, such that the seal body defines a flow path therethrough with a flow axis, the seal body comprising:
a spigot-side sealing surface;
a bell-side sealing surface angled with respect to the spigot-side sealing surface, both the spigot-side sealing surface and the bell-side sealing surface facing radially outwardly from the flow axis; and
a main sealing lobe extending radially inwardly from the seal body; and
a nose at a spigot-side terminus of the seal body; and
a first polymer pipe having a bell end including a groove having the seal assembly received therein, the bell end having a first radial extent upstream and downstream of the groove, and the groove have a second radial extent larger than the first radial extent, the seal body received within the groove and the main sealing lobe extending radially inward of the first radial extent, wherein the nose of the seal body is radially outside of the first radial extent. 18. The polymer pipe joint of claim 17, wherein the nose defines a distance from the first radial extent of the first polymer pipe that is at least 50% of a minimum thickness of the seal body. 19. A method of configuring a seal assembly for use in sealing a bell of a first pipe and a spigot end of a second pipe comprising:
providing a sealing body assembly including a spigot-side sealing surface, a bell-side sealing surface, a main sealing lobe, and a stiffener pocket; providing two or more annular stiffeners wherein each stiffener has a different size of an annular diameter; selecting one of the one or more annular stiffeners based on an annular diameter of the bell and an annular diameter of the spigot; inserting the selected annular stiffener into the stiffener pocket of the sealing body; and determining if a seal between the bell-side sealing surface, the spigot-side sealing surface, and the lobe is water tight after inserting the selected annular stiffener into the stiffening pocket. 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
determining that the seal between the bell-side sealing surface, the spigot-side sealing surface, and the lobe is not water tight after inserting the selected annular stiffener; removing the first annular stiffener from the stiffener pocket; selecting a second annular stiffener from the one or more annular stiffeners based on the annular diameter of the bell and the annular diameter of the spigot; inserting the selected second annular stiffener into the stiffener pocket of the sealing body; determining that the seal between the bell-side sealing surface, the spigot-side sealing surface, and the lobe is water tight after inserting the selected second annular stiffener into the stiffening pocket. | A seal assembly is configured for use at PVCO pipe junctions. The seal assembly includes a main seal body made of a monolithic resilient material, such as rubber, and a stiffener. The seal has a stiffener pocket sized and configured to accept the stiffener, such that the stiffener can be assembled to the seal body by hand. This assembly can then be installed into the bell end of a first PVCO pipe, and a spigot end of a second PVCO pipe may then be inserted into the bell end and engaged with a main sealing lobe of the seal assembly. The seal assembly is configured to reliably withstand the insertion process, without damage or degradation to the sealing structures. Once installed, the seal assembly provides a robust fluid-tight seal along all potential leak paths between the seal assembly and the first and second pipes.1. A seal assembly for a polymer pipe joint, the seal assembly comprising:
an annular flexible seal body configured to be installed about an inner periphery of the polymer pipe joint, such that the seal body defines a flow path therethrough with a flow axis, the seal body comprising:
a spigot-side sealing surface;
a bell-side sealing surface angled with respect to the spigot-side sealing surface, both the spigot-side sealing surface and the bell-side sealing surface facing radially outwardly from the flow axis;
a main sealing lobe extending radially inwardly from the seal body; and
a stiffener pocket extending into the seal body from the bell-side sealing surface; and
an annular stiffener sized to be received within and occupy the stiffener pocket. 2. The seal assembly of claim 1, wherein the seal body further comprises a nose at a spigot-side end of the seal body. 3. The seal assembly of claim 2, wherein a radial inward surface extending away from the nose includes a concavity. 4. The seal assembly of claim 1, wherein the seal body further comprises a locking fin at a bell-end side of the seal body, the locking fin extending radially inwardly from the seal body by an amount less than the radial inward extend of the main sealing lobe. 5. The seal assembly of claim 4, wherein the main sealing lobe is sized to deflect and deform into contact with the rest of the seal body but without contacting the locking fin. 6. The seal assembly of claim 1, wherein the annular stiffener comprises:
a central portion; a spigot-end portion extending radially inwardly away from the central portion; and a bell-end portion extending radially outward away from the central portion. 7. The seal assembly of claim 6, wherein the stiffener pocket has a shape and size commensurate with the shape and size of the annular stiffener, such that the annular stiffener occupies the entirety of the stiffener pocket. 8. The seal assembly of claim 1, wherein the bell-side sealing surface comprises a first sealing surface and a second sealing surface on opposite sides of the stiffener. 9. The seal assembly of claim 1, wherein the seal body has a substantially constant durometer throughout its cross-sectional area. 10. The seal assembly of claim 1, wherein a durometer of the seal body is between 55 and 70 as measured on the shore A scale. 11. The seal assembly of claim 1, wherein the stiffener is mechanically bonded to the seal body, without the use of adhesive or other chemical bonding. 12. The seal assembly of claim 1, in combination with a first polymer pipe having a bell end including a groove having the seal assembly received therein, the bell end having a first radial extent upstream and downstream of the groove, and the groove have a second radial extent larger than the first radial extent, the seal body received within the groove and the main sealing lobe extending radially inward of the first radial extent. 13. The seal assembly of claim 12, wherein the seal body further comprises a nose at a spigot-side terminus of the seal body, the nose radially outside of the first radial extent. 14. The seal assembly of claim 13, further comprising a second polymer pipe having a spigot end received within the bell end of the first polymer pipe, the spigot end deforming and deflecting the main sealing lobe toward the seal body. 15. The seal assembly of claim 12, wherein the stiffener abuts an adjacent surface of the groove. 16. The seal assembly of claim 15, wherein the bell-side sealing surface comprises a first sealing surface and a second sealing surface on opposite sides of the stiffener and engaged with the adjacent surface of the groove, such that the stiffener pocket is sealed from the flow path. 17. A polymer pipe joint comprising:
a seal assembly comprising:
an annular flexible seal body configured to be installed about an inner periphery of the polymer pipe joint, such that the seal body defines a flow path therethrough with a flow axis, the seal body comprising:
a spigot-side sealing surface;
a bell-side sealing surface angled with respect to the spigot-side sealing surface, both the spigot-side sealing surface and the bell-side sealing surface facing radially outwardly from the flow axis; and
a main sealing lobe extending radially inwardly from the seal body; and
a nose at a spigot-side terminus of the seal body; and
a first polymer pipe having a bell end including a groove having the seal assembly received therein, the bell end having a first radial extent upstream and downstream of the groove, and the groove have a second radial extent larger than the first radial extent, the seal body received within the groove and the main sealing lobe extending radially inward of the first radial extent, wherein the nose of the seal body is radially outside of the first radial extent. 18. The polymer pipe joint of claim 17, wherein the nose defines a distance from the first radial extent of the first polymer pipe that is at least 50% of a minimum thickness of the seal body. 19. A method of configuring a seal assembly for use in sealing a bell of a first pipe and a spigot end of a second pipe comprising:
providing a sealing body assembly including a spigot-side sealing surface, a bell-side sealing surface, a main sealing lobe, and a stiffener pocket; providing two or more annular stiffeners wherein each stiffener has a different size of an annular diameter; selecting one of the one or more annular stiffeners based on an annular diameter of the bell and an annular diameter of the spigot; inserting the selected annular stiffener into the stiffener pocket of the sealing body; and determining if a seal between the bell-side sealing surface, the spigot-side sealing surface, and the lobe is water tight after inserting the selected annular stiffener into the stiffening pocket. 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:
determining that the seal between the bell-side sealing surface, the spigot-side sealing surface, and the lobe is not water tight after inserting the selected annular stiffener; removing the first annular stiffener from the stiffener pocket; selecting a second annular stiffener from the one or more annular stiffeners based on the annular diameter of the bell and the annular diameter of the spigot; inserting the selected second annular stiffener into the stiffener pocket of the sealing body; determining that the seal between the bell-side sealing surface, the spigot-side sealing surface, and the lobe is water tight after inserting the selected second annular stiffener into the stiffening pocket. | 3,600 |
349,646 | 350,520 | 16,854,219 | 3,675 | Systems and methods for query generation based on a logical data model with one-to-one joins are described. For example, methods may include accessing a join graph representing tables in a database; receiving a first query; selecting a connected subgraph of the join graph that includes the two or more tables referenced in the first query; accessing an indication that a directed edge of the connected subgraph corresponds to a one-to-one join; modifying the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain a modified subgraph; generating one or more leaf queries based on the modified subgraph; generating a query graph that specifies joining of results from queries based on the one or more leaf queries; invoking a transformed query on the database that is based on the query graph and the queries based on the one or more leaf queries. | 1. A method comprising:
accessing a first join graph representing tables in a database, wherein the first join graph has vertices corresponding to respective tables in the database and directed edges corresponding to join relationships; receiving a first query that references data in two or more of the tables of the database; selecting a connected subgraph of the first join graph that includes the two or more tables referenced in the first query; accessing an indication that a directed edge of the connected subgraph corresponds to a one-to-one join; modifying the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain a modified subgraph, wherein the modified subgraph has less root tables than the connected subgraph; generating one or more leaf queries that reference respective subject tables that are each a root table of the modified subgraph or a table including a measure referenced in the first query; generating a query graph that specifies joining of results from queries based on the one or more leaf queries to obtain a transformed query result for the first query, wherein the query graph has a single root node corresponding to the transformed query result; invoking a transformed query on the database that is based on the query graph and the queries based on the one or more leaf queries to obtain the transformed query result; and presenting data based on the transformed query result. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein modifying the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph comprises:
reversing the direction of the directed edge identified by the indication. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein modifying the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph comprises:
selecting, based on the indication, a second connected subgraph of the connected subgraph that includes only edges that correspond to a one-to-one join; and iteratively reversing one or more directed edges of the second connected subgraph, including the directed edge identified by the indication, to reduce a number of root tables in the second connected subgraph. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein modifying the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph comprises:
identifying, based on the indication, one or more reversible join paths in the connected subgraph, wherein the one or more reversible joins paths each connect a source vertex corresponding to a root table of the connected subgraph to a destination vertex corresponding to a shared dimension table of the connected subgraph that is shared with another root table of the connected subgraph; and reversing the direction of at least one of the one or more reversible join paths by reversing one or more directed edges of the connected subgraph that are identified by the indication as corresponding to a one-to-one join. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein reversing the direction of the at least one of the one or more reversible join paths comprises:
checking that the root table of the at least one of the one or more reversible join paths is still a root table of the modified subgraph; and checking that the shared dimension table corresponding to the destination vertex of the at least one of the one or more reversible join paths would not become a root table of the modified subgraph. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein modifying the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph comprises:
merging two vertices of the connected subgraph that are connected by the directed edge identified by the indication. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein indication includes a data structure in a data model representing tables in the database. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein indication includes a data structure in a schema of the database. 9. A system, comprising:
a network interface, a processor, and a memory, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the processor to:
access a first join graph representing tables in a database, wherein the first join graph has vertices corresponding to respective tables in the database and directed edges corresponding to join relationships;
receive a first query that references data in two or more of the tables of the database;
select a connected subgraph of the first join graph that includes the two or more tables referenced in the first query;
access an indication that a directed edge of the connected subgraph corresponds to a one-to-one join;
modify the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain a modified subgraph;
generate one or more leaf queries that reference respective subject tables that are each a root table of the modified subgraph or a table including a measure referenced in the first query;
generate a query graph that specifies joining of results from queries based on the one or more leaf queries to obtain a transformed query result for the first query, wherein the query graph has a single root node corresponding to the transformed query result; and
invoke a transformed query on the database that is based on the query graph and the queries based on the one or more leaf queries to obtain the transformed query result. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the processor to modify the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph by performing operations including:
reversing the direction of the directed edge identified by the indication. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the processor to modify the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph by performing operations including:
selecting, based on the indication, a second connected subgraph of the connected subgraph that includes only edges that correspond to a one-to-one join; and iteratively reversing one or more directed edges of the second connected subgraph, including the directed edge identified by the indication, to reduce a number of root tables in the second connected subgraph. 12. The system of claim 9, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the processor to modify the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph by performing operations including:
identifying, based on the indication, one or more reversible join paths in the connected subgraph, wherein the one or more reversible joins paths each connect a source vertex corresponding to a root table of the connected subgraph to a destination vertex corresponding to a shared dimension table of the connected subgraph that is shared with another root table of the connected subgraph; and reversing the direction of at least one of the one or more reversible join paths by reversing one or more directed edges of the connected subgraph that are identified by the indication as corresponding to a one-to-one join. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the processor to reverse the direction of the at least one of the one or more reversible join paths by performing operations including:
checking that the root table of the at least one of the one or more reversible join paths is still a root table of the modified subgraph; and checking that the shared dimension table corresponding to the destination vertex of the at least one of the one or more reversible join paths would not become a root table of the modified subgraph. 14. The system of claim 9, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the processor to modify the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph by performing operations including:
merging two vertices of the connected subgraph that are connected by the directed edge identified by the indication. 15. The system of claim 9, wherein indication includes a data structure in a data model representing tables in the database. 16. The system of claim 9, wherein indication includes a data structure in a schema of the database. 17. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that includes instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate performance of operations comprising:
accessing a first join graph representing tables in a database, wherein the first join graph has vertices corresponding to respective tables in the database and directed edges corresponding to join relationships; receiving a first query that references data in two or more of the tables of the database; selecting a connected subgraph of the first join graph that includes the two or more tables referenced in the first query; accessing an indication that a directed edge of the connected subgraph corresponds to a one-to-one join; modifying the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain a modified subgraph; generating one or more leaf queries that reference respective subject tables that are each a root table of the modified subgraph or a table including a measure referenced in the first query; generating a query graph that specifies joining of results from queries based on the one or more leaf queries to obtain a transformed query result for the first query, wherein the query graph has a single root node corresponding to the transformed query result; and invoking a transformed query on the database that is based on the query graph and the queries based on the one or more leaf queries to obtain the transformed query result. 18. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the instructions for modifying the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph include instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate performance of operations comprising:
reversing the direction of the directed edge identified by the indication. 19. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the instructions for modifying the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph include instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate performance of operations comprising:
identifying, based on the indication, one or more reversible join paths in the connected subgraph, wherein the one or more reversible joins paths made up of edges each connect a root table of the connected subgraph to a shared dimension table of the connected subgraph that is shared with another root table of the connected subgraph; and reversing the direction of at least one of the one or more reversible join paths by reversing one or more directed edges of the connected subgraph that are identified by the indication as corresponding to a one-to-one join. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the instructions for modifying the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph include instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate performance of operations comprising:
merging two vertices of the connected subgraph that are connected by the directed edge identified by the indication. | Systems and methods for query generation based on a logical data model with one-to-one joins are described. For example, methods may include accessing a join graph representing tables in a database; receiving a first query; selecting a connected subgraph of the join graph that includes the two or more tables referenced in the first query; accessing an indication that a directed edge of the connected subgraph corresponds to a one-to-one join; modifying the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain a modified subgraph; generating one or more leaf queries based on the modified subgraph; generating a query graph that specifies joining of results from queries based on the one or more leaf queries; invoking a transformed query on the database that is based on the query graph and the queries based on the one or more leaf queries.1. A method comprising:
accessing a first join graph representing tables in a database, wherein the first join graph has vertices corresponding to respective tables in the database and directed edges corresponding to join relationships; receiving a first query that references data in two or more of the tables of the database; selecting a connected subgraph of the first join graph that includes the two or more tables referenced in the first query; accessing an indication that a directed edge of the connected subgraph corresponds to a one-to-one join; modifying the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain a modified subgraph, wherein the modified subgraph has less root tables than the connected subgraph; generating one or more leaf queries that reference respective subject tables that are each a root table of the modified subgraph or a table including a measure referenced in the first query; generating a query graph that specifies joining of results from queries based on the one or more leaf queries to obtain a transformed query result for the first query, wherein the query graph has a single root node corresponding to the transformed query result; invoking a transformed query on the database that is based on the query graph and the queries based on the one or more leaf queries to obtain the transformed query result; and presenting data based on the transformed query result. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein modifying the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph comprises:
reversing the direction of the directed edge identified by the indication. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein modifying the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph comprises:
selecting, based on the indication, a second connected subgraph of the connected subgraph that includes only edges that correspond to a one-to-one join; and iteratively reversing one or more directed edges of the second connected subgraph, including the directed edge identified by the indication, to reduce a number of root tables in the second connected subgraph. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein modifying the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph comprises:
identifying, based on the indication, one or more reversible join paths in the connected subgraph, wherein the one or more reversible joins paths each connect a source vertex corresponding to a root table of the connected subgraph to a destination vertex corresponding to a shared dimension table of the connected subgraph that is shared with another root table of the connected subgraph; and reversing the direction of at least one of the one or more reversible join paths by reversing one or more directed edges of the connected subgraph that are identified by the indication as corresponding to a one-to-one join. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein reversing the direction of the at least one of the one or more reversible join paths comprises:
checking that the root table of the at least one of the one or more reversible join paths is still a root table of the modified subgraph; and checking that the shared dimension table corresponding to the destination vertex of the at least one of the one or more reversible join paths would not become a root table of the modified subgraph. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein modifying the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph comprises:
merging two vertices of the connected subgraph that are connected by the directed edge identified by the indication. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein indication includes a data structure in a data model representing tables in the database. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein indication includes a data structure in a schema of the database. 9. A system, comprising:
a network interface, a processor, and a memory, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the processor to:
access a first join graph representing tables in a database, wherein the first join graph has vertices corresponding to respective tables in the database and directed edges corresponding to join relationships;
receive a first query that references data in two or more of the tables of the database;
select a connected subgraph of the first join graph that includes the two or more tables referenced in the first query;
access an indication that a directed edge of the connected subgraph corresponds to a one-to-one join;
modify the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain a modified subgraph;
generate one or more leaf queries that reference respective subject tables that are each a root table of the modified subgraph or a table including a measure referenced in the first query;
generate a query graph that specifies joining of results from queries based on the one or more leaf queries to obtain a transformed query result for the first query, wherein the query graph has a single root node corresponding to the transformed query result; and
invoke a transformed query on the database that is based on the query graph and the queries based on the one or more leaf queries to obtain the transformed query result. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the processor to modify the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph by performing operations including:
reversing the direction of the directed edge identified by the indication. 11. The system of claim 9, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the processor to modify the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph by performing operations including:
selecting, based on the indication, a second connected subgraph of the connected subgraph that includes only edges that correspond to a one-to-one join; and iteratively reversing one or more directed edges of the second connected subgraph, including the directed edge identified by the indication, to reduce a number of root tables in the second connected subgraph. 12. The system of claim 9, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the processor to modify the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph by performing operations including:
identifying, based on the indication, one or more reversible join paths in the connected subgraph, wherein the one or more reversible joins paths each connect a source vertex corresponding to a root table of the connected subgraph to a destination vertex corresponding to a shared dimension table of the connected subgraph that is shared with another root table of the connected subgraph; and reversing the direction of at least one of the one or more reversible join paths by reversing one or more directed edges of the connected subgraph that are identified by the indication as corresponding to a one-to-one join. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the processor to reverse the direction of the at least one of the one or more reversible join paths by performing operations including:
checking that the root table of the at least one of the one or more reversible join paths is still a root table of the modified subgraph; and checking that the shared dimension table corresponding to the destination vertex of the at least one of the one or more reversible join paths would not become a root table of the modified subgraph. 14. The system of claim 9, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the processor to modify the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph by performing operations including:
merging two vertices of the connected subgraph that are connected by the directed edge identified by the indication. 15. The system of claim 9, wherein indication includes a data structure in a data model representing tables in the database. 16. The system of claim 9, wherein indication includes a data structure in a schema of the database. 17. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that includes instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate performance of operations comprising:
accessing a first join graph representing tables in a database, wherein the first join graph has vertices corresponding to respective tables in the database and directed edges corresponding to join relationships; receiving a first query that references data in two or more of the tables of the database; selecting a connected subgraph of the first join graph that includes the two or more tables referenced in the first query; accessing an indication that a directed edge of the connected subgraph corresponds to a one-to-one join; modifying the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain a modified subgraph; generating one or more leaf queries that reference respective subject tables that are each a root table of the modified subgraph or a table including a measure referenced in the first query; generating a query graph that specifies joining of results from queries based on the one or more leaf queries to obtain a transformed query result for the first query, wherein the query graph has a single root node corresponding to the transformed query result; and invoking a transformed query on the database that is based on the query graph and the queries based on the one or more leaf queries to obtain the transformed query result. 18. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the instructions for modifying the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph include instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate performance of operations comprising:
reversing the direction of the directed edge identified by the indication. 19. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the instructions for modifying the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph include instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate performance of operations comprising:
identifying, based on the indication, one or more reversible join paths in the connected subgraph, wherein the one or more reversible joins paths made up of edges each connect a root table of the connected subgraph to a shared dimension table of the connected subgraph that is shared with another root table of the connected subgraph; and reversing the direction of at least one of the one or more reversible join paths by reversing one or more directed edges of the connected subgraph that are identified by the indication as corresponding to a one-to-one join. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the instructions for modifying the connected subgraph based on the indication to obtain the modified subgraph include instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate performance of operations comprising:
merging two vertices of the connected subgraph that are connected by the directed edge identified by the indication. | 3,600 |
349,647 | 350,521 | 16,854,245 | 3,675 | The disclosure provides a system and method for controlling on a wireless device the amount and speed of data transferred between a wireless device and the Internet, and a wireless device with a metering client that can throttle data speeds and types based on how much data a user has used. Specifically, the wireless device includes a metering client to track one of data usage or an amount of prepaid data available. When the metering client determines that the amount of data available has exceeded a pre-determined threshold, the wireless device inhibits further data transmission amounts and speeds. | 1. A system for controlling a data usage in a wireless device by controlling a transceiver, the system comprising:
a transceiver implemented by the wireless device configured to transfer data between the wireless device and a network operator cloud, the transceiver utilizing a radio frequency and a modulation; a metering client implemented by the wireless device configured to control the transceiver when a data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold; a computer readable medium in the wireless device configured to store the metering client; and a processor implemented by the wireless device configured to execute the metering client to control the transceiver, wherein the metering client is configured to reduce a data transfer speed of the transceiver when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold; and wherein the metering client is further configured to reduce the data transfer speed of the transceiver by controlling the radio frequency and the modulation utilized by the transceiver that comprises controlling the transceiver and modifying a quadrature amplitude modulation utilized by the transceiver when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the metering client is further configured to control data usage on the wireless device by controlling the transceiver and modifying the quadrature amplitude modulation utilized by the transceiver when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold that comprises inhibiting at least one of the following: an amplitude-shift keying (ASK) digital modulation scheme or an amplitude modulation (AM) analog modulation scheme. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the metering client is further configured to limit, by controlling the transceiver at the wireless device, a type of data that the wireless device can send and receive when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the metering client is further configured to reduce the data transfer speed by the transceiver by controlling the radio frequency utilized by the transceiver when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the metering client is further configured to shut down a type of data transfer on the wireless device by controlling the transceiver when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold. 6. The system of claim 1,
wherein the transceiver is a physical modem; and wherein the metering client is further configured to reduce the data transfer speed by the physical modem by controlling one of the following: a radio frequency utilized by the physical modem, a modulation utilized by the physical modem, and a radio frequency and a modulation utilized by the physical modem. 7. The system of claim 1,
wherein the transceiver is a virtual modem; and wherein the metering client is further configured to reduce the data transfer speed by the virtual modem by controlling one of the following: a radio frequency utilized by the virtual modem, a modulation utilized by the virtual modem, and a radio frequency and a modulation utilized by the virtual modem. 8. The system of claim 1,
wherein the wireless device comprises a wireless access point; and wherein the computer readable medium is further configured to store on the wireless access point values for an amount of data available, how much time remains until a user must add additional data, and how much data was used. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the metering client is configured to interact with a server provisioning a wireless service to control the transceiver when a data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold. 10. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a display screen implemented by the wireless device; and the display screen configured to display at least one of the following: an amount of prepaid data available and an amount of prepaid time available. 11. A method of controlling a data usage in a wireless device by controlling a transceiver, the method comprising:
transferring data between a wireless device and a network operator cloud with a transceiver utilizing a radio frequency and a modulation; and controlling at the wireless device with a processor a speed of data transfer between the wireless device and the network operator cloud by the transceiver when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold, wherein the processor is further configured to reduce the speed of data transfer by the transceiver by controlling the radio frequency and the modulation utilized by the transceiver by modifying a quadrature amplitude modulation utilized by the transceiver. 12. The method of controlling a data usage on a wireless device of claim 11, wherein the controlling at the wireless device when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold further comprises controlling data usage on the wireless device by modifying the quadrature amplitude modulation utilized by the transceiver that comprises inhibiting one of the following: an amplitude-shift keying (ASK) digital modulation scheme or an amplitude modulation (AM) analog modulation scheme. 13. The method of controlling a data usage on a wireless device of claim 12, wherein the controlling at the wireless device when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold is based on an interaction with a server provisioning a wireless service. 14. The method of controlling a data usage on a wireless device of claim 11, wherein the controlling at the wireless device when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold further comprises limiting a type of data that the wireless device can send and receive by controlling the transceiver. 15. The method of controlling a data usage on a wireless device of claim 11, wherein the controlling at the wireless device when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold further comprises controlling the modulation utilized by the transceiver for the wireless device. 16. The method of controlling a data usage on a wireless device of claim 11, wherein the controlling at the wireless device when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold further comprises shutting down a type of data transfer on the wireless device by controlling the transceiver. 17. The method of controlling a data usage on a wireless device of claim 11, wherein modulating signals at the wireless device for a transfer of data between the wireless device and the network operator cloud is accomplished with a physical modem; and
wherein the wireless device is further configured to reduce the speed of data transfer by the physical modem by controlling one of the following: a radio frequency utilized by the physical modem, a modulation utilized by the physical modem, and a radio frequency and a modulation utilized by the physical modem. 18. The method of controlling a data usage on a wireless device of claim 11, wherein modulating signals at the wireless device for a transfer of data between the wireless device and the network operator cloud is accomplished with a virtual modem; and
wherein the wireless device is further configured to reduce the speed of data transfer by the virtual modem by controlling one of the following: a radio frequency utilized by the virtual modem, a modulation utilized by the virtual modem, and a radio frequency and a modulation utilized by the virtual modem. 19. The method of controlling a data usage on a wireless device of claim 11, wherein the controlling at the wireless device when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold is based on an interaction with a server provisioning a wireless service. 20. The method of controlling a data usage on a wireless device of claim 11, further comprising:
displaying on the wireless device an amount of data remaining for use on a display device; and the displaying comprises displaying at least one of amount of prepaid data available and an amount of prepaid time available on the display device. | The disclosure provides a system and method for controlling on a wireless device the amount and speed of data transferred between a wireless device and the Internet, and a wireless device with a metering client that can throttle data speeds and types based on how much data a user has used. Specifically, the wireless device includes a metering client to track one of data usage or an amount of prepaid data available. When the metering client determines that the amount of data available has exceeded a pre-determined threshold, the wireless device inhibits further data transmission amounts and speeds.1. A system for controlling a data usage in a wireless device by controlling a transceiver, the system comprising:
a transceiver implemented by the wireless device configured to transfer data between the wireless device and a network operator cloud, the transceiver utilizing a radio frequency and a modulation; a metering client implemented by the wireless device configured to control the transceiver when a data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold; a computer readable medium in the wireless device configured to store the metering client; and a processor implemented by the wireless device configured to execute the metering client to control the transceiver, wherein the metering client is configured to reduce a data transfer speed of the transceiver when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold; and wherein the metering client is further configured to reduce the data transfer speed of the transceiver by controlling the radio frequency and the modulation utilized by the transceiver that comprises controlling the transceiver and modifying a quadrature amplitude modulation utilized by the transceiver when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the metering client is further configured to control data usage on the wireless device by controlling the transceiver and modifying the quadrature amplitude modulation utilized by the transceiver when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold that comprises inhibiting at least one of the following: an amplitude-shift keying (ASK) digital modulation scheme or an amplitude modulation (AM) analog modulation scheme. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the metering client is further configured to limit, by controlling the transceiver at the wireless device, a type of data that the wireless device can send and receive when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the metering client is further configured to reduce the data transfer speed by the transceiver by controlling the radio frequency utilized by the transceiver when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the metering client is further configured to shut down a type of data transfer on the wireless device by controlling the transceiver when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold. 6. The system of claim 1,
wherein the transceiver is a physical modem; and wherein the metering client is further configured to reduce the data transfer speed by the physical modem by controlling one of the following: a radio frequency utilized by the physical modem, a modulation utilized by the physical modem, and a radio frequency and a modulation utilized by the physical modem. 7. The system of claim 1,
wherein the transceiver is a virtual modem; and wherein the metering client is further configured to reduce the data transfer speed by the virtual modem by controlling one of the following: a radio frequency utilized by the virtual modem, a modulation utilized by the virtual modem, and a radio frequency and a modulation utilized by the virtual modem. 8. The system of claim 1,
wherein the wireless device comprises a wireless access point; and wherein the computer readable medium is further configured to store on the wireless access point values for an amount of data available, how much time remains until a user must add additional data, and how much data was used. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the metering client is configured to interact with a server provisioning a wireless service to control the transceiver when a data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold. 10. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a display screen implemented by the wireless device; and the display screen configured to display at least one of the following: an amount of prepaid data available and an amount of prepaid time available. 11. A method of controlling a data usage in a wireless device by controlling a transceiver, the method comprising:
transferring data between a wireless device and a network operator cloud with a transceiver utilizing a radio frequency and a modulation; and controlling at the wireless device with a processor a speed of data transfer between the wireless device and the network operator cloud by the transceiver when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold, wherein the processor is further configured to reduce the speed of data transfer by the transceiver by controlling the radio frequency and the modulation utilized by the transceiver by modifying a quadrature amplitude modulation utilized by the transceiver. 12. The method of controlling a data usage on a wireless device of claim 11, wherein the controlling at the wireless device when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold further comprises controlling data usage on the wireless device by modifying the quadrature amplitude modulation utilized by the transceiver that comprises inhibiting one of the following: an amplitude-shift keying (ASK) digital modulation scheme or an amplitude modulation (AM) analog modulation scheme. 13. The method of controlling a data usage on a wireless device of claim 12, wherein the controlling at the wireless device when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold is based on an interaction with a server provisioning a wireless service. 14. The method of controlling a data usage on a wireless device of claim 11, wherein the controlling at the wireless device when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold further comprises limiting a type of data that the wireless device can send and receive by controlling the transceiver. 15. The method of controlling a data usage on a wireless device of claim 11, wherein the controlling at the wireless device when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold further comprises controlling the modulation utilized by the transceiver for the wireless device. 16. The method of controlling a data usage on a wireless device of claim 11, wherein the controlling at the wireless device when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold further comprises shutting down a type of data transfer on the wireless device by controlling the transceiver. 17. The method of controlling a data usage on a wireless device of claim 11, wherein modulating signals at the wireless device for a transfer of data between the wireless device and the network operator cloud is accomplished with a physical modem; and
wherein the wireless device is further configured to reduce the speed of data transfer by the physical modem by controlling one of the following: a radio frequency utilized by the physical modem, a modulation utilized by the physical modem, and a radio frequency and a modulation utilized by the physical modem. 18. The method of controlling a data usage on a wireless device of claim 11, wherein modulating signals at the wireless device for a transfer of data between the wireless device and the network operator cloud is accomplished with a virtual modem; and
wherein the wireless device is further configured to reduce the speed of data transfer by the virtual modem by controlling one of the following: a radio frequency utilized by the virtual modem, a modulation utilized by the virtual modem, and a radio frequency and a modulation utilized by the virtual modem. 19. The method of controlling a data usage on a wireless device of claim 11, wherein the controlling at the wireless device when the data usage has exceeded a pre-determined threshold is based on an interaction with a server provisioning a wireless service. 20. The method of controlling a data usage on a wireless device of claim 11, further comprising:
displaying on the wireless device an amount of data remaining for use on a display device; and the displaying comprises displaying at least one of amount of prepaid data available and an amount of prepaid time available on the display device. | 3,600 |
349,648 | 350,522 | 16,854,252 | 3,675 | The present disclosure provides a semiconductor heterojunction. The semiconductor heterojunction includes a bottom semiconductor, a top semiconductor and an electrode substrate. An upper surface of the bottom semiconductor includes a first facet. A lower surface of the top semiconductor includes a second facet, and the lower surface of the top semiconductor is contacted with the upper surface of the bottom semiconductor. The electrode substrate is disposed below the bottom semiconductor. | 1. A semiconductor heterojunction, comprising:
a bottom semiconductor, wherein an upper surface of the bottom semiconductor comprises a first facet; a top semiconductor, wherein a lower surface of the top semiconductor comprises a second facet, and the lower surface of the top semiconductor is contacted with the upper surface of the bottom semiconductor; and an electrode substrate disposed below the bottom semiconductor. 2. The semiconductor heterojunction of claim 1, wherein the top semiconductor is synthesized in a solution phase method, and coated on the bottom semiconductor. 3. The semiconductor heterojunction of claim 1, wherein the bottom semiconductor is a silicon wafer, a germanium wafer or a gallium arsenide wafer. 4. The semiconductor heterojunction of claim 1, wherein the top semiconductor is an oxide, a sulfide or a selenide. 5. The semiconductor heterojunction of claim 4, wherein the top semiconductor is a cuprous oxide nanocrystal. 6. The semiconductor heterojunction of claim 1, wherein the first facet and the second facet are selected from the group of a {100} facet, a {110} facet and a {111} facet. 7. The semiconductor heterojunction of claim 1, wherein the electrode substrate is a stainless steel electrode. 8. The semiconductor heterojunction of claim 1, further comprising:
a silver glue layer disposed between a lower surface of the bottom semiconductor and the electrode substrate. 9. A field effect transistor, comprising:
the semiconductor heterojunction of claim 1. 10. A photodetector, comprising:
the semiconductor heterojunction of claim 1. | The present disclosure provides a semiconductor heterojunction. The semiconductor heterojunction includes a bottom semiconductor, a top semiconductor and an electrode substrate. An upper surface of the bottom semiconductor includes a first facet. A lower surface of the top semiconductor includes a second facet, and the lower surface of the top semiconductor is contacted with the upper surface of the bottom semiconductor. The electrode substrate is disposed below the bottom semiconductor.1. A semiconductor heterojunction, comprising:
a bottom semiconductor, wherein an upper surface of the bottom semiconductor comprises a first facet; a top semiconductor, wherein a lower surface of the top semiconductor comprises a second facet, and the lower surface of the top semiconductor is contacted with the upper surface of the bottom semiconductor; and an electrode substrate disposed below the bottom semiconductor. 2. The semiconductor heterojunction of claim 1, wherein the top semiconductor is synthesized in a solution phase method, and coated on the bottom semiconductor. 3. The semiconductor heterojunction of claim 1, wherein the bottom semiconductor is a silicon wafer, a germanium wafer or a gallium arsenide wafer. 4. The semiconductor heterojunction of claim 1, wherein the top semiconductor is an oxide, a sulfide or a selenide. 5. The semiconductor heterojunction of claim 4, wherein the top semiconductor is a cuprous oxide nanocrystal. 6. The semiconductor heterojunction of claim 1, wherein the first facet and the second facet are selected from the group of a {100} facet, a {110} facet and a {111} facet. 7. The semiconductor heterojunction of claim 1, wherein the electrode substrate is a stainless steel electrode. 8. The semiconductor heterojunction of claim 1, further comprising:
a silver glue layer disposed between a lower surface of the bottom semiconductor and the electrode substrate. 9. A field effect transistor, comprising:
the semiconductor heterojunction of claim 1. 10. A photodetector, comprising:
the semiconductor heterojunction of claim 1. | 3,600 |
349,649 | 350,523 | 16,854,244 | 3,675 | An implant resection system for preparing an implant site to replace a defect in an articular surface of a first bone includes a guide configured to be coupled generally perpendicular to the first bone proximate to the defect. The guide includes a body portion defining a plurality of excision passageways. The excision passageways each define a generally cylindrical core pathway configured to extend generally perpendicular to the first bone which partially overlaps with an adjacent generally cylindrical core pathway. A projection associated with each of the plurality of the generally cylindrical core pathways defines a truncated cylindrical excision site extending through a portion of the articular surface. Each truncated cylindrical excision site partially overlaps with at least one adjacent truncated cylindrical excision site. | 1-20. (canceled) 21. An implant system comprising an implant for replacing at least a portion of a patient's articular surface of a tibial plateau of a tibial bone, said implant including:
a load bearing surface having a contour based on a plurality of measurements taken of the removed portion of the articular surface corresponding to an implant site in the tibial plateau of the tibial bone; and a bone facing surface including a first and a second truncated cylindrical protrusion extending along a length of two opposite lateral sides of said bone facing surface, respectively, said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion comprising arcs and are defined by portions of a first and a second different cylindrical projection corresponding to said arcs, wherein the implant has a thickness extending between said load bearing surface and said bone facing surface that is less than a diameter of said circles and is configured such that the bone facing surface abuts against the tibial bone within the implant site and the load bearing surface is substantially continuous with the articular surface surrounding the removed portion of articular surface when the implant is received in the implant site; and wherein portions of the load bearing surface opposite the bone facing surface of said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion are disposed within said first and said second different cylindrical projection. 22. The implant system of claim 21, wherein said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion define a first and a second generally opposite side of said bone facing surface, respectively. 23. The implant system of claim 21, wherein said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion have the same diameter. 24. The implant system of claim 21, wherein said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion have different diameters. 25. The implant system of claim 21, wherein said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion are spaced apart such that said first and said second different truncated cylindrical projections do not overlap. 26. The implant system of claim 21, further comprising at least one keel extending generally downwardly from said bone facing surface generally perpendicularly from said length. 27. The implant system of claim 21, wherein said bone facing surface further comprises a plurality of relief cavities configured secure said implant to said bone. 28. The implant system of claim 21, wherein when viewed from a plane above said load bearing surface, said implant includes a front section, a rear section, and two lateral sections extending along said length between the front and rear sections, the implant further including a “D” shaped cross-section in which one of the lateral sections has a curved profile generally corresponding to at least a portion of a lateral edge of said tibial plateau of said tibial bone. 29. The implant system of claim 21, wherein said implant comprises an upper portion configured to be secured to a lower portion, said upper portion comprising said load bearing surface and said lower portion comprising said bone facing surface. 30. The implant system of claim 21, wherein said implant is a unitary component. 31. The implant system of claim 30, wherein said implant is made from ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. 32. The implant system of claim 21, wherein said load bearing surface has a concaved contour. 33. The implant system of claim 32, wherein said implant has a height along a first side which is less than a height of a second side. 34. The implant system of claim 33, wherein said first side configured to be located adjacent a medial side of said tibial bone and said second side configured to be located adjacent a lateral side of said tibial bone. 35. The implant system of claim 21, wherein said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion generally extend along an anterior to posterior plane. 36. The implant system of claim 35, wherein said implant includes a modified “D” shaped cross-section including a notched region configured to correspond to the posterior face of the tibial bone which is not removed proximate to a nerve bundle. 37. The implant system of claim 21, further comprising a third truncated cylindrical protrusion along said length of said bone facing surface, said third truncated cylindrical protrusion partially overlapping said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusions and being defined by a third truncated cylindrical projection different than said first and said second truncated cylindrical projections. 38. The implant system of claim 21, further comprising a guide configured to be coupled generally perpendicular to said bone proximate to said defect, said guide comprising a body portion defining a first and a second excision passageway, said first and said second excision passageway each defining a generally cylindrical core pathway configured to extend generally perpendicular to said tibial bone, wherein projections associated with said first and said second generally cylindrical core pathways corresponds to said first and second different truncated cylindrical projections and are adapted to define a first and a second truncated cylindrical excision site extending through a portion of said articular surface. 39. The implant system of claim 21, wherein when viewed from a plane above said load bearing surface, said implant includes a front section and a rear section, and two lateral sections extending along said length between the front and rear sections, wherein one of the lateral sections has a curved profile generally corresponding to at least a portion of a lateral edge of said tibial plateau of said tibial bone. 40. An implant system comprising an implant for replacing at least a portion of a patient's articular surface of a tibial plateau of a tibial bone, said implant including:
a load bearing surface having a contour based on a plurality of measurements taken of the removed portion of the articular surface corresponding to an implant site in the tibial plateau of the tibial bone; and a bone facing surface including a first and a second truncated cylindrical protrusion extending along a length of said bone facing surface and defining a first and a second generally opposite lateral side of said bone facing surface, said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion comprising arcs and are defined by portions of a first and a second different cylindrical projection corresponding to said arcs of said circles; wherein said implant includes a “D” shaped cross-section and has a thickness extending between said load bearing surface and said bone facing surface that is less than a diameter of said circles and is configured such that the bone facing surface abuts against the tibial bone within the implant site and the load bearing surface is substantially continuous with the articular surface surrounding the removed portion of articular surface when the implant is received in the implant site; and wherein portions of the load bearing surface opposite the bone facing surface of said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion are disposed within said first and said second different cylindrical projection. 41. An implant system comprising an implant for replacing at least a portion of a patient's articular surface of a patient's tibia bone, said implant including:
a load bearing surface having a contour substantially corresponding to a contour of only the removed portion of the articular surface corresponding to an implant site in the bone; and a bone facing surface including a first and a second truncated cylindrical protrusion from said load bearing surface along a length of said bone facing surface and defining a first and a second generally opposite lateral side of said bone facing surface, respectively, said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion comprising arcs and are defined by portions of a first and a second different cylindrical projection corresponding to said arcs of said circles; wherein said implant includes a modified “D” shaped cross-section including a notched region corresponding to the posterior face of the tibia bone which is not removed proximate to a nerve bundle and the implant has a thickness extending between said load bearing surface and said bone facing surface that is less than a diameter of said circles and is configured such that the bone facing surface abuts against the bone within the implant site and the load bearing surface is substantially continuous with the articular surface surrounding the removed portion of articular surface when the implant is received in the implant site; and wherein portions of the load bearing surface opposite the bone facing surface of said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion are disposed within said first and said second different cylindrical projection. | An implant resection system for preparing an implant site to replace a defect in an articular surface of a first bone includes a guide configured to be coupled generally perpendicular to the first bone proximate to the defect. The guide includes a body portion defining a plurality of excision passageways. The excision passageways each define a generally cylindrical core pathway configured to extend generally perpendicular to the first bone which partially overlaps with an adjacent generally cylindrical core pathway. A projection associated with each of the plurality of the generally cylindrical core pathways defines a truncated cylindrical excision site extending through a portion of the articular surface. Each truncated cylindrical excision site partially overlaps with at least one adjacent truncated cylindrical excision site.1-20. (canceled) 21. An implant system comprising an implant for replacing at least a portion of a patient's articular surface of a tibial plateau of a tibial bone, said implant including:
a load bearing surface having a contour based on a plurality of measurements taken of the removed portion of the articular surface corresponding to an implant site in the tibial plateau of the tibial bone; and a bone facing surface including a first and a second truncated cylindrical protrusion extending along a length of two opposite lateral sides of said bone facing surface, respectively, said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion comprising arcs and are defined by portions of a first and a second different cylindrical projection corresponding to said arcs, wherein the implant has a thickness extending between said load bearing surface and said bone facing surface that is less than a diameter of said circles and is configured such that the bone facing surface abuts against the tibial bone within the implant site and the load bearing surface is substantially continuous with the articular surface surrounding the removed portion of articular surface when the implant is received in the implant site; and wherein portions of the load bearing surface opposite the bone facing surface of said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion are disposed within said first and said second different cylindrical projection. 22. The implant system of claim 21, wherein said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion define a first and a second generally opposite side of said bone facing surface, respectively. 23. The implant system of claim 21, wherein said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion have the same diameter. 24. The implant system of claim 21, wherein said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion have different diameters. 25. The implant system of claim 21, wherein said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion are spaced apart such that said first and said second different truncated cylindrical projections do not overlap. 26. The implant system of claim 21, further comprising at least one keel extending generally downwardly from said bone facing surface generally perpendicularly from said length. 27. The implant system of claim 21, wherein said bone facing surface further comprises a plurality of relief cavities configured secure said implant to said bone. 28. The implant system of claim 21, wherein when viewed from a plane above said load bearing surface, said implant includes a front section, a rear section, and two lateral sections extending along said length between the front and rear sections, the implant further including a “D” shaped cross-section in which one of the lateral sections has a curved profile generally corresponding to at least a portion of a lateral edge of said tibial plateau of said tibial bone. 29. The implant system of claim 21, wherein said implant comprises an upper portion configured to be secured to a lower portion, said upper portion comprising said load bearing surface and said lower portion comprising said bone facing surface. 30. The implant system of claim 21, wherein said implant is a unitary component. 31. The implant system of claim 30, wherein said implant is made from ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. 32. The implant system of claim 21, wherein said load bearing surface has a concaved contour. 33. The implant system of claim 32, wherein said implant has a height along a first side which is less than a height of a second side. 34. The implant system of claim 33, wherein said first side configured to be located adjacent a medial side of said tibial bone and said second side configured to be located adjacent a lateral side of said tibial bone. 35. The implant system of claim 21, wherein said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion generally extend along an anterior to posterior plane. 36. The implant system of claim 35, wherein said implant includes a modified “D” shaped cross-section including a notched region configured to correspond to the posterior face of the tibial bone which is not removed proximate to a nerve bundle. 37. The implant system of claim 21, further comprising a third truncated cylindrical protrusion along said length of said bone facing surface, said third truncated cylindrical protrusion partially overlapping said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusions and being defined by a third truncated cylindrical projection different than said first and said second truncated cylindrical projections. 38. The implant system of claim 21, further comprising a guide configured to be coupled generally perpendicular to said bone proximate to said defect, said guide comprising a body portion defining a first and a second excision passageway, said first and said second excision passageway each defining a generally cylindrical core pathway configured to extend generally perpendicular to said tibial bone, wherein projections associated with said first and said second generally cylindrical core pathways corresponds to said first and second different truncated cylindrical projections and are adapted to define a first and a second truncated cylindrical excision site extending through a portion of said articular surface. 39. The implant system of claim 21, wherein when viewed from a plane above said load bearing surface, said implant includes a front section and a rear section, and two lateral sections extending along said length between the front and rear sections, wherein one of the lateral sections has a curved profile generally corresponding to at least a portion of a lateral edge of said tibial plateau of said tibial bone. 40. An implant system comprising an implant for replacing at least a portion of a patient's articular surface of a tibial plateau of a tibial bone, said implant including:
a load bearing surface having a contour based on a plurality of measurements taken of the removed portion of the articular surface corresponding to an implant site in the tibial plateau of the tibial bone; and a bone facing surface including a first and a second truncated cylindrical protrusion extending along a length of said bone facing surface and defining a first and a second generally opposite lateral side of said bone facing surface, said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion comprising arcs and are defined by portions of a first and a second different cylindrical projection corresponding to said arcs of said circles; wherein said implant includes a “D” shaped cross-section and has a thickness extending between said load bearing surface and said bone facing surface that is less than a diameter of said circles and is configured such that the bone facing surface abuts against the tibial bone within the implant site and the load bearing surface is substantially continuous with the articular surface surrounding the removed portion of articular surface when the implant is received in the implant site; and wherein portions of the load bearing surface opposite the bone facing surface of said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion are disposed within said first and said second different cylindrical projection. 41. An implant system comprising an implant for replacing at least a portion of a patient's articular surface of a patient's tibia bone, said implant including:
a load bearing surface having a contour substantially corresponding to a contour of only the removed portion of the articular surface corresponding to an implant site in the bone; and a bone facing surface including a first and a second truncated cylindrical protrusion from said load bearing surface along a length of said bone facing surface and defining a first and a second generally opposite lateral side of said bone facing surface, respectively, said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion comprising arcs and are defined by portions of a first and a second different cylindrical projection corresponding to said arcs of said circles; wherein said implant includes a modified “D” shaped cross-section including a notched region corresponding to the posterior face of the tibia bone which is not removed proximate to a nerve bundle and the implant has a thickness extending between said load bearing surface and said bone facing surface that is less than a diameter of said circles and is configured such that the bone facing surface abuts against the bone within the implant site and the load bearing surface is substantially continuous with the articular surface surrounding the removed portion of articular surface when the implant is received in the implant site; and wherein portions of the load bearing surface opposite the bone facing surface of said first and said second truncated cylindrical protrusion are disposed within said first and said second different cylindrical projection. | 3,600 |
349,650 | 350,524 | 16,854,260 | 3,675 | A joint replacement system for repairing an articular surface of a first bone of a joint includes an anchor portion and an implant portion. The anchor portion includes an anchor to be secured to the bone, and an anchor fixation head including a bone-facing surface (BFS) extending radially outward from the anchor and an implant facing surface (IFS) extending from a periphery of the BFS. The implant portion is formed from a material (e.g., CoCr) more dense than the material of the anchor portion (e.g., Ti) and includes a fixation cavity to receive at least a portion of the anchor fixation head (AFH), the fixation cavity includes an anchor facing surface (AFS) configured to form a frictional connection with the IFS, and a load bearing surface having a contour for articulating against a cooperating articulating surface of a second bone of the joint. | 1-42. (canceled) 43. A joint replacement system for repairing at least a first articular surface of a first bone of a joint, the first bone having a first cross-section, the system comprising:
a first implant system comprising:
an anchor portion comprising:
a first anchor configured to be secured to the first bone; and
an anchor fixation head including a bone-facing surface and an implant facing surface, wherein the bone-facing surface includes a second cross-section extending radially outward from the anchor, the second cross-section less than the first transverse diameter, and wherein the implant facing surface extends from a periphery of the bone facing surface and includes a first mating surface; and
an implant portion comprising:
a fixation cavity configured to receive at least a portion of the anchor fixation head, the fixation cavity having an anchor facing surface disposable proximate the anchor fixation head; and
a first load bearing surface having a contour for articulating against a cooperating, second articulating surface associated with a second bone of the joint; the load bearing surface a including:
an annular skirt portion having a third cross-section to encircle the first transverse diameter of the first bone such that the skirt portion of the first load bearing surface extends along an external portion of the first bone proximate the first implant system. 44. The joint replacement system of claim 43 wherein the first anchor does not extend into the diaphysis portion of the first bone. 45. The joint replacement system of claim 44, further comprising:
a second implant system comprising:
a second implant having a second load bearing surface configured to articulate against the first load bearing surface; and
a second anchor configured to be secured into the second bone, wherein the second anchor is configured to be secured to the second implant. 46. The joint replacement system of claim 45, wherein the second implant and the second anchor include a first and a second fixation element, respectively. 47. The joint replacement system of claim 46, wherein the first and the second fixation elements are configured to form tapered connection therebetween. 48. The joint replacement system of claim 47, wherein the first and the second fixation elements comprise a tapered cavity and a tapered protrusion configured to form tapered connection therebetween. 49. The joint replacement system of claim 46, wherein the first and the second fixation elements are configured to form a snap-fit connection therebetween. 50. The joint replacement system of claim 43, wherein the first load bearing surface is configured to replace substantially the entire first articular surface of the first bone. 51. The joint replacement system of claim 50, wherein the second load bearing surface is configured to replace substantially an entire second articular surface of the second bone. 52. The joint replacement system of claim 43, wherein the first load bearing surface is configured to replace a portion of the first articular surface. 53. The joint replacement system of claim 43, wherein the first load bearing surface has a contour based on a plurality of overlapping excision sites. 54. The joint replacement system of claim 43, wherein the first load bearing surface has a contour defining a socket. 55. The joint replacement system of claim 54, and wherein the second load bearing surface has a contour defining a generally hemispherical ball configured to articulate, at least in part, in the socket. 56. The joint replacement system of claim 43, and wherein the first load bearing surface has a contour defining a generally hemispherical ball. 57. The joint replacement system of claim 43, wherein the anchor portion comprises steel, titanium, or an alloy thereof. 58. The joint replacement system of claim 43, wherein the fixation cavity comprises cobalt-chromium (CoCr). 59. The joint replacement system of claim 43, wherein the anchor fixation head and the anchor are a unitary structure. 60. The joint replacement system of claim 43, wherein the implant facing surface of the fixation cavity has a shape that generally corresponds to the shape of implant facing surface of the anchor fixation head. 61. The joint replacement system of claim 43, wherein the first and the second mating surfaces have a tapered shape. 62. The joint replacement system of claim 43, wherein the anchor fixation head comprises at least one fixation member opening extending therethrough, the fixation member opening configured to receive a fixation member. 63. The joint replacement system of claim 62, further comprising the fixation member, and wherein the fixation member comprises a screw. | A joint replacement system for repairing an articular surface of a first bone of a joint includes an anchor portion and an implant portion. The anchor portion includes an anchor to be secured to the bone, and an anchor fixation head including a bone-facing surface (BFS) extending radially outward from the anchor and an implant facing surface (IFS) extending from a periphery of the BFS. The implant portion is formed from a material (e.g., CoCr) more dense than the material of the anchor portion (e.g., Ti) and includes a fixation cavity to receive at least a portion of the anchor fixation head (AFH), the fixation cavity includes an anchor facing surface (AFS) configured to form a frictional connection with the IFS, and a load bearing surface having a contour for articulating against a cooperating articulating surface of a second bone of the joint.1-42. (canceled) 43. A joint replacement system for repairing at least a first articular surface of a first bone of a joint, the first bone having a first cross-section, the system comprising:
a first implant system comprising:
an anchor portion comprising:
a first anchor configured to be secured to the first bone; and
an anchor fixation head including a bone-facing surface and an implant facing surface, wherein the bone-facing surface includes a second cross-section extending radially outward from the anchor, the second cross-section less than the first transverse diameter, and wherein the implant facing surface extends from a periphery of the bone facing surface and includes a first mating surface; and
an implant portion comprising:
a fixation cavity configured to receive at least a portion of the anchor fixation head, the fixation cavity having an anchor facing surface disposable proximate the anchor fixation head; and
a first load bearing surface having a contour for articulating against a cooperating, second articulating surface associated with a second bone of the joint; the load bearing surface a including:
an annular skirt portion having a third cross-section to encircle the first transverse diameter of the first bone such that the skirt portion of the first load bearing surface extends along an external portion of the first bone proximate the first implant system. 44. The joint replacement system of claim 43 wherein the first anchor does not extend into the diaphysis portion of the first bone. 45. The joint replacement system of claim 44, further comprising:
a second implant system comprising:
a second implant having a second load bearing surface configured to articulate against the first load bearing surface; and
a second anchor configured to be secured into the second bone, wherein the second anchor is configured to be secured to the second implant. 46. The joint replacement system of claim 45, wherein the second implant and the second anchor include a first and a second fixation element, respectively. 47. The joint replacement system of claim 46, wherein the first and the second fixation elements are configured to form tapered connection therebetween. 48. The joint replacement system of claim 47, wherein the first and the second fixation elements comprise a tapered cavity and a tapered protrusion configured to form tapered connection therebetween. 49. The joint replacement system of claim 46, wherein the first and the second fixation elements are configured to form a snap-fit connection therebetween. 50. The joint replacement system of claim 43, wherein the first load bearing surface is configured to replace substantially the entire first articular surface of the first bone. 51. The joint replacement system of claim 50, wherein the second load bearing surface is configured to replace substantially an entire second articular surface of the second bone. 52. The joint replacement system of claim 43, wherein the first load bearing surface is configured to replace a portion of the first articular surface. 53. The joint replacement system of claim 43, wherein the first load bearing surface has a contour based on a plurality of overlapping excision sites. 54. The joint replacement system of claim 43, wherein the first load bearing surface has a contour defining a socket. 55. The joint replacement system of claim 54, and wherein the second load bearing surface has a contour defining a generally hemispherical ball configured to articulate, at least in part, in the socket. 56. The joint replacement system of claim 43, and wherein the first load bearing surface has a contour defining a generally hemispherical ball. 57. The joint replacement system of claim 43, wherein the anchor portion comprises steel, titanium, or an alloy thereof. 58. The joint replacement system of claim 43, wherein the fixation cavity comprises cobalt-chromium (CoCr). 59. The joint replacement system of claim 43, wherein the anchor fixation head and the anchor are a unitary structure. 60. The joint replacement system of claim 43, wherein the implant facing surface of the fixation cavity has a shape that generally corresponds to the shape of implant facing surface of the anchor fixation head. 61. The joint replacement system of claim 43, wherein the first and the second mating surfaces have a tapered shape. 62. The joint replacement system of claim 43, wherein the anchor fixation head comprises at least one fixation member opening extending therethrough, the fixation member opening configured to receive a fixation member. 63. The joint replacement system of claim 62, further comprising the fixation member, and wherein the fixation member comprises a screw. | 3,600 |
349,651 | 350,525 | 16,854,216 | 3,675 | By controlling shapes of internal electrodes, when short-circuit occurs between the internal electrodes, a short-circuited portion may be opened by an overcurrent, to serve as a fuse. Also, by controlling shapes of internal electrodes, equivalent series inductance (ESL) at a high frequency may be reduced. | 1. A multilayer electronic component comprising:
a body including dielectric layers, and first internal electrodes and second internal electrodes, alternately arranged in a first direction with the dielectric layers respectively interposed therebetween, and including first and second surfaces opposing each other in the first direction, third and fourth surfaces connected to the first and second surfaces and opposing each other in a second direction, and fifth and sixth surfaces connected to the first to fourth surfaces and opposing each other in a third direction; a first external electrode disposed on the third surface and connected to the first internal electrodes; and a second external electrode disposed on the fourth surface and connected to the second internal electrodes, wherein each of the first internal electrodes includes a first region spaced apart from the third and fourth surfaces, and a first lead portion connected to the first region and exposed from the third surface, and each of the second internal electrodes includes a second region spaced apart from the third and fourth surfaces, and a second lead portion connected to the second region and exposed from the fourth surface, wherein the first lead portions in two of the first internal electrodes, adjacent to each other, are arranged so as not to overlap each other in the first direction, the second lead portions in two of the second internal electrodes, adjacent to each other, are arranged so as not to overlap each other in the first direction, a dimension of each of the first and second lead portions in the third direction is less than a dimension of each of the first and second regions in the third direction. 2. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 1, wherein the dimension of each of the first and second lead portions in the third direction is 0.1 to 1.0 mm. 3. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 1, wherein a dimension of each of the first and second lead portions in the second direction is 0.1 to 1.0 mm. 4. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 1, wherein each of the first and second lead portions comprises one or more of Fe—Cr—Al alloy, Ni—Cr, Pt, and Mo—W—Ta alloy. 5. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 1, wherein the first and second lead portions are made of a material different from the first and second regions. 6. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 1, wherein positions of the first lead portions in the third direction are different from each other, and the first lead portions are alternately exposed from the third surface, and
positions of the second lead portion in the third direction are different from each other, and the second lead portions are alternately exposed from the fourth surface. 7. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 1, wherein the first and second regions are spaced apart from the third and fourth surfaces, respectively. 8. A multilayer electronic component comprising:
a body including a plurality of dielectric layers, and a plurality of first internal electrodes and a plurality of second internal electrodes, alternately arranged in a first direction with the plurality of dielectric layers respectively interposed therebetween, and including first and second surfaces opposing each other in the first direction, third and fourth surfaces connected to the first and second surfaces and opposing each other in a second direction, and fifth and sixth surfaces connected to the first to fourth surfaces and opposing each other in a third direction; a first external electrode disposed on the third surface and connected to the plurality of first internal electrodes; and a second external electrode disposed on the fourth surface and connected to the plurality of second internal electrodes, wherein each of the plurality of first internal electrodes includes a first region exposed from the third surface, a second region spaced apart from the first region in the first direction, and a first connection portion connecting the first region and the second region, and each of the plurality of second internal electrodes includes a third region exposed from the fourth surface, a fourth region spaced apart from the third region in the first direction, and a second connection portion connecting the third region and the fourth region, wherein the first connection portions in two of the plurality of first internal electrodes, adjacent to each other, are arranged so as not to overlap each other in the first direction, the second connection portions in two of the plurality of second internal electrodes, adjacent to each other, are arranged so as not to overlap each other in the first direction, and a dimension of each of the first and second connection portions in the third direction is less than a dimension of each of the first, second, third, and fourth regions in the third direction. 9. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 8, wherein the dimension of each of the first and second connection portions in the third direction is 0.1 to 1.0 mm. 10. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 8, wherein a dimension of each of the first and second connection portions in the second direction is 0.1 to 1.0 mm. 11. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 8, wherein each of the first and second connection portions comprises one or more of Fe—Cr—Al alloy, Ni—Cr alloy, Pt, and Mo—W—Ta alloy. 12. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 8, wherein the first and second lead portions are made of a material different from the second and fourth regions. 13. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 8, wherein positions of the first connection portions in the third direction are different from each other, and the first connection portions are alternately arranged in the first direction, and
positions of the second connection portion in the third direction are different from each other, and the second connection portions are alternately arranged in the first direction. 14. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 8, wherein the first connection portions are disposed not to overlap the fourth regions, and
the second connection portions are disposed not to overlap the second regions. 15. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 8, wherein the first connection portions are disposed to overlap the fourth regions, and
the second connection portions are disposed to overlap the second regions. 16. A multilayer electronic component comprising:
a body including a plurality of dielectric layers, and a plurality of first internal electrodes and a plurality of second internal electrodes, alternately arranged in a first direction with the plurality of dielectric layers respectively interposed therebetween, and including first and second surfaces opposing each other in the first direction, third and fourth surfaces connected to the first and second surfaces and opposing each other in a second direction, and fifth and sixth surfaces connected to the first to fourth surfaces and opposing each other in a third direction; a first external electrode disposed on the third surface and connected to the plurality of first internal electrodes; and a second external electrode disposed on the fourth surface and connected to the plurality of second internal electrodes, wherein each of the plurality of first internal electrodes includes a first region exposed from the third surface, a second region spaced apart from the first region in the first direction, and a first connection portion connecting the first region and the second region, and each of the plurality of second internal electrodes includes a third region exposed from the fourth surface, a fourth region spaced apart from the third region in the first direction, and a second connection portion connecting the third region and the fourth region, wherein positions of the first and second connection portions are the same in the third direction, but different in the second direction so as not to overlap each other, and a dimension of each of the first and second connection portions in the third direction is less than a dimension of each of the first, second, third, and fourth regions in the third direction. 17. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 16, wherein the dimension of each of the first and second connection portions in the third direction is 0.1 to 1.0 mm. 18. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 16, wherein each of the first and second connection portions comprises one or more of Fe—Cr—Al alloy, Ni—Cr alloy, Pt, and Mo—W—Ta alloy. 19. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 16, wherein the first and second lead portions are made of a material different from the second and fourth regions. | By controlling shapes of internal electrodes, when short-circuit occurs between the internal electrodes, a short-circuited portion may be opened by an overcurrent, to serve as a fuse. Also, by controlling shapes of internal electrodes, equivalent series inductance (ESL) at a high frequency may be reduced.1. A multilayer electronic component comprising:
a body including dielectric layers, and first internal electrodes and second internal electrodes, alternately arranged in a first direction with the dielectric layers respectively interposed therebetween, and including first and second surfaces opposing each other in the first direction, third and fourth surfaces connected to the first and second surfaces and opposing each other in a second direction, and fifth and sixth surfaces connected to the first to fourth surfaces and opposing each other in a third direction; a first external electrode disposed on the third surface and connected to the first internal electrodes; and a second external electrode disposed on the fourth surface and connected to the second internal electrodes, wherein each of the first internal electrodes includes a first region spaced apart from the third and fourth surfaces, and a first lead portion connected to the first region and exposed from the third surface, and each of the second internal electrodes includes a second region spaced apart from the third and fourth surfaces, and a second lead portion connected to the second region and exposed from the fourth surface, wherein the first lead portions in two of the first internal electrodes, adjacent to each other, are arranged so as not to overlap each other in the first direction, the second lead portions in two of the second internal electrodes, adjacent to each other, are arranged so as not to overlap each other in the first direction, a dimension of each of the first and second lead portions in the third direction is less than a dimension of each of the first and second regions in the third direction. 2. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 1, wherein the dimension of each of the first and second lead portions in the third direction is 0.1 to 1.0 mm. 3. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 1, wherein a dimension of each of the first and second lead portions in the second direction is 0.1 to 1.0 mm. 4. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 1, wherein each of the first and second lead portions comprises one or more of Fe—Cr—Al alloy, Ni—Cr, Pt, and Mo—W—Ta alloy. 5. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 1, wherein the first and second lead portions are made of a material different from the first and second regions. 6. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 1, wherein positions of the first lead portions in the third direction are different from each other, and the first lead portions are alternately exposed from the third surface, and
positions of the second lead portion in the third direction are different from each other, and the second lead portions are alternately exposed from the fourth surface. 7. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 1, wherein the first and second regions are spaced apart from the third and fourth surfaces, respectively. 8. A multilayer electronic component comprising:
a body including a plurality of dielectric layers, and a plurality of first internal electrodes and a plurality of second internal electrodes, alternately arranged in a first direction with the plurality of dielectric layers respectively interposed therebetween, and including first and second surfaces opposing each other in the first direction, third and fourth surfaces connected to the first and second surfaces and opposing each other in a second direction, and fifth and sixth surfaces connected to the first to fourth surfaces and opposing each other in a third direction; a first external electrode disposed on the third surface and connected to the plurality of first internal electrodes; and a second external electrode disposed on the fourth surface and connected to the plurality of second internal electrodes, wherein each of the plurality of first internal electrodes includes a first region exposed from the third surface, a second region spaced apart from the first region in the first direction, and a first connection portion connecting the first region and the second region, and each of the plurality of second internal electrodes includes a third region exposed from the fourth surface, a fourth region spaced apart from the third region in the first direction, and a second connection portion connecting the third region and the fourth region, wherein the first connection portions in two of the plurality of first internal electrodes, adjacent to each other, are arranged so as not to overlap each other in the first direction, the second connection portions in two of the plurality of second internal electrodes, adjacent to each other, are arranged so as not to overlap each other in the first direction, and a dimension of each of the first and second connection portions in the third direction is less than a dimension of each of the first, second, third, and fourth regions in the third direction. 9. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 8, wherein the dimension of each of the first and second connection portions in the third direction is 0.1 to 1.0 mm. 10. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 8, wherein a dimension of each of the first and second connection portions in the second direction is 0.1 to 1.0 mm. 11. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 8, wherein each of the first and second connection portions comprises one or more of Fe—Cr—Al alloy, Ni—Cr alloy, Pt, and Mo—W—Ta alloy. 12. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 8, wherein the first and second lead portions are made of a material different from the second and fourth regions. 13. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 8, wherein positions of the first connection portions in the third direction are different from each other, and the first connection portions are alternately arranged in the first direction, and
positions of the second connection portion in the third direction are different from each other, and the second connection portions are alternately arranged in the first direction. 14. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 8, wherein the first connection portions are disposed not to overlap the fourth regions, and
the second connection portions are disposed not to overlap the second regions. 15. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 8, wherein the first connection portions are disposed to overlap the fourth regions, and
the second connection portions are disposed to overlap the second regions. 16. A multilayer electronic component comprising:
a body including a plurality of dielectric layers, and a plurality of first internal electrodes and a plurality of second internal electrodes, alternately arranged in a first direction with the plurality of dielectric layers respectively interposed therebetween, and including first and second surfaces opposing each other in the first direction, third and fourth surfaces connected to the first and second surfaces and opposing each other in a second direction, and fifth and sixth surfaces connected to the first to fourth surfaces and opposing each other in a third direction; a first external electrode disposed on the third surface and connected to the plurality of first internal electrodes; and a second external electrode disposed on the fourth surface and connected to the plurality of second internal electrodes, wherein each of the plurality of first internal electrodes includes a first region exposed from the third surface, a second region spaced apart from the first region in the first direction, and a first connection portion connecting the first region and the second region, and each of the plurality of second internal electrodes includes a third region exposed from the fourth surface, a fourth region spaced apart from the third region in the first direction, and a second connection portion connecting the third region and the fourth region, wherein positions of the first and second connection portions are the same in the third direction, but different in the second direction so as not to overlap each other, and a dimension of each of the first and second connection portions in the third direction is less than a dimension of each of the first, second, third, and fourth regions in the third direction. 17. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 16, wherein the dimension of each of the first and second connection portions in the third direction is 0.1 to 1.0 mm. 18. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 16, wherein each of the first and second connection portions comprises one or more of Fe—Cr—Al alloy, Ni—Cr alloy, Pt, and Mo—W—Ta alloy. 19. The multilayer electronic component according to claim 16, wherein the first and second lead portions are made of a material different from the second and fourth regions. | 3,600 |
349,652 | 350,526 | 16,854,275 | 2,647 | A method for re-programming a radio head unit in an automotive vehicle by a special “app” in a personal cellular (wireless) telephone. | 1. In an automotive vehicle which has a radio head unit having 1) a radio receiver for receiving wireless signals that carry audio content, 2) circuitry for extracting audio content from the wireless signals and for delivering extracted audio content to an audio system for transmission as audio into an occupant space of a motor vehicle, and 3) controls having stored settings for functions of the radio head unit,
a method for enabling stored settings of controls for functions of the radio head unit to be re-programmed, the method comprising: in a cellular telephone, starting a re-programming app which is operable to present one or more display screens on a touch-screen of the cellular telephone for enabling the cellular telephone to re-program settings for functions of the radio head unit; when a display screen is presented on the touch-screen, selecting a setting presented on the display screen for re-programming a selected function via the touch-screen, after which the re-programming app is operable to cause a new display screen to be presented on the touch-screen for performing re-programming of the selected function via the touch-screen, then using the touch-screen to perform re-programming of the selected setting, and then saving the re-programmed setting in the cellular telephone. 2. The method set forth in claim 1 further comprising,
pairing the cellular telephone with the radio head unit to enable wireless communication,
when the radio head unit detects that a re-programmed setting saved in the cellular telephone differs from the corresponding setting installed in the radio head unit, the radio head unit is operable to replace its saved setting by a step of accepting the replacement setting. 3. The method set forth in claim 2 further comprising,
the step of accepting the replacement setting is performed via a touch-screen in an automotive vehicle which contains the radio head unit. 4. The method set forth in claim 1 further comprising,
performing the method at a location other than that of an automotive vehicle which contains the radio head unit. 5. The method set forth in claim 1 in which the radio head unit can receive wireless radio signals from multiple radio frequency bands, and the method further comprises,
the re-programming app operating to present a display screen showing multiple radio frequency bands from which the touch-screen can select one radio frequency band which the app operates to present as display screen showing saved settings of the selected radio frequency band on the touch-screen. 6. The method set forth in claim 5 in which,
the re-programming app operates to include additional audio sources on the display screen which can be selected by the touch-screen. 7. A method of re-programming settings of a radio head unit in an automotive vehicle, the radio head unit having 1) a radio receiver for receiving radio signals that carry audio content, 2) circuitry for extracting audio content from the radio signals and for delivering extracted audio content to an audio system for transmission as audio which can be heard, and 3) controls for controlling certain functions of the radio head unit;
the method comprising: using an app in the cellular telephone to re-program, in the cellular telephone, settings for the radio head unit; pairing the cellular telephone with the radio head unit to allow the radio head unit to access the re-programmed settings, and to then replace existing settings with the re-programmed settings. 8. The method as set forth in claim 7 further comprising replacing existing settings with the re-programmed settings by a step in the radio head unit which accepts the replacement settings. | A method for re-programming a radio head unit in an automotive vehicle by a special “app” in a personal cellular (wireless) telephone.1. In an automotive vehicle which has a radio head unit having 1) a radio receiver for receiving wireless signals that carry audio content, 2) circuitry for extracting audio content from the wireless signals and for delivering extracted audio content to an audio system for transmission as audio into an occupant space of a motor vehicle, and 3) controls having stored settings for functions of the radio head unit,
a method for enabling stored settings of controls for functions of the radio head unit to be re-programmed, the method comprising: in a cellular telephone, starting a re-programming app which is operable to present one or more display screens on a touch-screen of the cellular telephone for enabling the cellular telephone to re-program settings for functions of the radio head unit; when a display screen is presented on the touch-screen, selecting a setting presented on the display screen for re-programming a selected function via the touch-screen, after which the re-programming app is operable to cause a new display screen to be presented on the touch-screen for performing re-programming of the selected function via the touch-screen, then using the touch-screen to perform re-programming of the selected setting, and then saving the re-programmed setting in the cellular telephone. 2. The method set forth in claim 1 further comprising,
pairing the cellular telephone with the radio head unit to enable wireless communication,
when the radio head unit detects that a re-programmed setting saved in the cellular telephone differs from the corresponding setting installed in the radio head unit, the radio head unit is operable to replace its saved setting by a step of accepting the replacement setting. 3. The method set forth in claim 2 further comprising,
the step of accepting the replacement setting is performed via a touch-screen in an automotive vehicle which contains the radio head unit. 4. The method set forth in claim 1 further comprising,
performing the method at a location other than that of an automotive vehicle which contains the radio head unit. 5. The method set forth in claim 1 in which the radio head unit can receive wireless radio signals from multiple radio frequency bands, and the method further comprises,
the re-programming app operating to present a display screen showing multiple radio frequency bands from which the touch-screen can select one radio frequency band which the app operates to present as display screen showing saved settings of the selected radio frequency band on the touch-screen. 6. The method set forth in claim 5 in which,
the re-programming app operates to include additional audio sources on the display screen which can be selected by the touch-screen. 7. A method of re-programming settings of a radio head unit in an automotive vehicle, the radio head unit having 1) a radio receiver for receiving radio signals that carry audio content, 2) circuitry for extracting audio content from the radio signals and for delivering extracted audio content to an audio system for transmission as audio which can be heard, and 3) controls for controlling certain functions of the radio head unit;
the method comprising: using an app in the cellular telephone to re-program, in the cellular telephone, settings for the radio head unit; pairing the cellular telephone with the radio head unit to allow the radio head unit to access the re-programmed settings, and to then replace existing settings with the re-programmed settings. 8. The method as set forth in claim 7 further comprising replacing existing settings with the re-programmed settings by a step in the radio head unit which accepts the replacement settings. | 2,600 |
349,653 | 350,527 | 16,854,262 | 2,647 | A bipolar transistor includes a collector layer, a base layer, and an emitter layer that are formed in this order on a compound semiconductor substrate. The emitter layer is disposed inside an edge of the base layer in plan view. A base electrode is disposed on partial regions of the emitter layer and the base layer so as to extend from an inside of the emitter layer to an outside of the base layer in plan view. An insulating film is disposed between the base electrode and a portion of the base layer, with the portion not overlapping the emitter layer. An alloy layer extends from the base electrode through the emitter layer in a thickness direction and reaches the base layer. The alloy layer contains at least one element constituting the base electrode and elements constituting the emitter layer and the base layer. | 1. A bipolar transistor comprising:
a collector layer formed on a substrate made of a compound semiconductor; a base layer formed on the collector layer; an emitter layer formed on the base layer; a base electrode having one portion disposed on a partial region of the emitter layer and an other portion extended towards an edge of the base layer in plan view above the emitter layer and the base layer; and an insulating film disposed between the other portion of the base electrode and a portion of the emitter layer and the base layer. 2. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, wherein
the base electrode projects outward from an edge of the collector layer. 3. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, wherein
the base electrode projects outward from an edge of the base layer. 4. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, further comprising
an alloy layer that extends from the one portion of the base electrode through the emitter layer in a thickness direction and reaches the base layer. 5. The bipolar transistor according to claim 4, wherein
the alloy contains at least one element constituting the base electrode, and elements constituting the emitter layer and the base layer. 6. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, wherein
a portion of the base layer does not overlap the emitter layer 7. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, wherein
a side face of an upper portion of the collector layer is continuous with a side face of the base layer, and a side face of a remaining lower portion of the collector layer is located outside the side face of the base layer. 8. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, wherein
the collector layer includes an intermediate collector layer that is disposed at an intermediate position in a thickness direction and made of a semiconductor material having etching characteristics different from etching characteristics of a semiconductor material of another portion of the collector layer, a side face of an upper portion of the collector layer disposed on the intermediate collector layer is continuous with a side face of the base layer, and a side face of a lower portion of the collector layer disposed under the intermediate collector layer is located outside the side face of the base layer. 9. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, further comprising:
a sub-collector layer disposed between the substrate and the collector layer, wherein the sub-collector layer includes a first sub-collector layer disposed on the substrate and a second sub-collector layer disposed on the first sub-collector layer, and the second sub-collector layer has etching characteristics different from etching characteristics of a portion of the collector layer, the portion being in contact with the second sub-collector layer. 10. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, further comprising:
a contact layer disposed on a partial region of the emitter layer; and an emitter electrode disposed on the contact layer and projecting outward from an edge of the contact layer, wherein a leading end of a projecting portion of the emitter electrode coincides with an edge of the base electrode in plan view. 11. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, further comprising
a contact layer disposed on a partial region of the emitter layer; wherein the contact layer comprises a plurality of semiconductor layers arranged on an upper surface of the emitter layer in an in-plane direction, and the base electrode includes a portion disposed between the plurality of semiconductor layers that form the contact layer. 12. The bipolar transistor according to claim 11, wherein
one portion of the base electrode disposed between the plurality of semiconductor layers is disposed on a partial region of the emitter layer, and an other portion of the base electrode disposed between the plurality of semiconductor layers extends towards an edge of the plurality of semiconductor layers in plan view above the emitter layer and the base layer; and the bipolar transistor further comprises an insulating film disposed between the other portion of the base electrode disposed between the plurality of semiconductor layers and a portion of the emitter layer and the base layer. 13. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, further comprising:
a plurality of emitter electrodes connected to the emitter layer and arranged in an in-plane direction, wherein the base electrode includes a portion disposed between the emitter electrodes. 14. The bipolar transistor according to claim 13, wherein
one portion of the base electrode disposed between the emitter electrodes is disposed on a partial region of the emitter layer, and and an other portion of the base electrode disposed between the emitter electrodes extends towards an edge of the emitter electrodes in plan view above the emitter layer and the base layer; and the bipolar transistor further comprises an insulating film disposed between the other portion of the base electrode and a portion of the emitter layer and the base layer. 15. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, wherein
the base layer has a length extending in a longitudinal direction and a width extending in a lateral direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the base electrode extends towards an edge of the base layer in plan view above the emitter layer and the base layer for substantially the entire length of the base. 16. A radio-frequency power amplifier module comprising:
an amplifying IC including a bipolar transistor, the bipolar transistor including
a collector layer formed on a substrate made of a compound semiconductor;
a base layer formed on the collector layer;
an emitter layer formed on the base layer;
a base electrode having one portion disposed on a partial region of the emitter layer and an other portion extended towards an edge of the base layer in plan view above the emitter layer and the base layer; and
an insulating film disposed between the other portion of the base electrode and a portion of the emitter layer and the base layer; and
a control IC that controls operation of the bipolar transistor. 17. The radio-frequency power amplifier module according to claim 16, wherein
the base layer has a length extending in a longitudinal direction and a width extending in a lateral direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the base electrode extends towards an edge of the base layer in plan view above the emitter layer and the base layer for substantially the entire length of the base. 18. The radio-frequency power amplifier module according to claim 16, wherein
the base electrode projects outward from an edge of the collector layer. 19. The radio-frequency power amplifier module according to claim 16, wherein
the base electrode projects outward from an edge of the base layer. 20. The radio-frequency power amplifier module according to claim 16, wherein the bipolar transistor further comprises
an alloy layer that extends from the one portion of the base electrode through the emitter layer in a thickness direction and reaches the base layer. | A bipolar transistor includes a collector layer, a base layer, and an emitter layer that are formed in this order on a compound semiconductor substrate. The emitter layer is disposed inside an edge of the base layer in plan view. A base electrode is disposed on partial regions of the emitter layer and the base layer so as to extend from an inside of the emitter layer to an outside of the base layer in plan view. An insulating film is disposed between the base electrode and a portion of the base layer, with the portion not overlapping the emitter layer. An alloy layer extends from the base electrode through the emitter layer in a thickness direction and reaches the base layer. The alloy layer contains at least one element constituting the base electrode and elements constituting the emitter layer and the base layer.1. A bipolar transistor comprising:
a collector layer formed on a substrate made of a compound semiconductor; a base layer formed on the collector layer; an emitter layer formed on the base layer; a base electrode having one portion disposed on a partial region of the emitter layer and an other portion extended towards an edge of the base layer in plan view above the emitter layer and the base layer; and an insulating film disposed between the other portion of the base electrode and a portion of the emitter layer and the base layer. 2. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, wherein
the base electrode projects outward from an edge of the collector layer. 3. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, wherein
the base electrode projects outward from an edge of the base layer. 4. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, further comprising
an alloy layer that extends from the one portion of the base electrode through the emitter layer in a thickness direction and reaches the base layer. 5. The bipolar transistor according to claim 4, wherein
the alloy contains at least one element constituting the base electrode, and elements constituting the emitter layer and the base layer. 6. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, wherein
a portion of the base layer does not overlap the emitter layer 7. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, wherein
a side face of an upper portion of the collector layer is continuous with a side face of the base layer, and a side face of a remaining lower portion of the collector layer is located outside the side face of the base layer. 8. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, wherein
the collector layer includes an intermediate collector layer that is disposed at an intermediate position in a thickness direction and made of a semiconductor material having etching characteristics different from etching characteristics of a semiconductor material of another portion of the collector layer, a side face of an upper portion of the collector layer disposed on the intermediate collector layer is continuous with a side face of the base layer, and a side face of a lower portion of the collector layer disposed under the intermediate collector layer is located outside the side face of the base layer. 9. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, further comprising:
a sub-collector layer disposed between the substrate and the collector layer, wherein the sub-collector layer includes a first sub-collector layer disposed on the substrate and a second sub-collector layer disposed on the first sub-collector layer, and the second sub-collector layer has etching characteristics different from etching characteristics of a portion of the collector layer, the portion being in contact with the second sub-collector layer. 10. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, further comprising:
a contact layer disposed on a partial region of the emitter layer; and an emitter electrode disposed on the contact layer and projecting outward from an edge of the contact layer, wherein a leading end of a projecting portion of the emitter electrode coincides with an edge of the base electrode in plan view. 11. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, further comprising
a contact layer disposed on a partial region of the emitter layer; wherein the contact layer comprises a plurality of semiconductor layers arranged on an upper surface of the emitter layer in an in-plane direction, and the base electrode includes a portion disposed between the plurality of semiconductor layers that form the contact layer. 12. The bipolar transistor according to claim 11, wherein
one portion of the base electrode disposed between the plurality of semiconductor layers is disposed on a partial region of the emitter layer, and an other portion of the base electrode disposed between the plurality of semiconductor layers extends towards an edge of the plurality of semiconductor layers in plan view above the emitter layer and the base layer; and the bipolar transistor further comprises an insulating film disposed between the other portion of the base electrode disposed between the plurality of semiconductor layers and a portion of the emitter layer and the base layer. 13. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, further comprising:
a plurality of emitter electrodes connected to the emitter layer and arranged in an in-plane direction, wherein the base electrode includes a portion disposed between the emitter electrodes. 14. The bipolar transistor according to claim 13, wherein
one portion of the base electrode disposed between the emitter electrodes is disposed on a partial region of the emitter layer, and and an other portion of the base electrode disposed between the emitter electrodes extends towards an edge of the emitter electrodes in plan view above the emitter layer and the base layer; and the bipolar transistor further comprises an insulating film disposed between the other portion of the base electrode and a portion of the emitter layer and the base layer. 15. The bipolar transistor according to claim 1, wherein
the base layer has a length extending in a longitudinal direction and a width extending in a lateral direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the base electrode extends towards an edge of the base layer in plan view above the emitter layer and the base layer for substantially the entire length of the base. 16. A radio-frequency power amplifier module comprising:
an amplifying IC including a bipolar transistor, the bipolar transistor including
a collector layer formed on a substrate made of a compound semiconductor;
a base layer formed on the collector layer;
an emitter layer formed on the base layer;
a base electrode having one portion disposed on a partial region of the emitter layer and an other portion extended towards an edge of the base layer in plan view above the emitter layer and the base layer; and
an insulating film disposed between the other portion of the base electrode and a portion of the emitter layer and the base layer; and
a control IC that controls operation of the bipolar transistor. 17. The radio-frequency power amplifier module according to claim 16, wherein
the base layer has a length extending in a longitudinal direction and a width extending in a lateral direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the base electrode extends towards an edge of the base layer in plan view above the emitter layer and the base layer for substantially the entire length of the base. 18. The radio-frequency power amplifier module according to claim 16, wherein
the base electrode projects outward from an edge of the collector layer. 19. The radio-frequency power amplifier module according to claim 16, wherein
the base electrode projects outward from an edge of the base layer. 20. The radio-frequency power amplifier module according to claim 16, wherein the bipolar transistor further comprises
an alloy layer that extends from the one portion of the base electrode through the emitter layer in a thickness direction and reaches the base layer. | 2,600 |
349,654 | 350,528 | 16,854,265 | 2,647 | Copoly(imide oxetane) materials are disclosed that can exhibit a low surface energy while possessing the mechanical, thermal, chemical and optical properties associated with polyimides. The copoly(imide oxetane)s are prepared using a minor amount of fluorinated oxetane-derived oligomer with sufficient fluorine-containing segments of the copoly(imide oxetane)s migrate to the exterior surface of the polymeric material to yield low surface energies. Thus the coatings and articles of manufacture made with the copoly(imide oxetane)s of this invention are characterized as having an anisotropic fluorine composition. The low surface energies can be achieved with very low content of fluorinated oxetane-derived oligomer. The copolymers of this invention can enhance the viability of polyimides for many applications and may be acceptable where homopolyimide materials have been unacceptable. | 1. A copoly(amide acid oxetane) having the structure represented by:
-(G-A)-(D-A)- 2. A polymer composite comprising a copolymer containing the copoly(amide acid oxetane) of claim 1 and particulate filler to provide a water contact angle of at least 100°. 3. A copoly(imide oxetane) having the structure represented by:
-(G-M)-(D-M)- 4. The copoly(imide oxetane) of claim 3 wherein the omega carbon of R4 has three fluoride substituents and wherein m is between 6 and 100. 5. The copoly(imide oxetane) of claim 4 containing 0.002 to 15 mass percent of G. 6. The copoly(imide oxetane) of claim 5 which is a block co-polymer. 7. The copoly(imide oxetane) of claim 5 which is a random co-polymer. 8. A coating having an outer surface and a bonding surface comprising the copoly(imide oxetane) of claim 3, said coating having an anisotropic distribution of fluorine atoms over its thickness with a higher concentration at the outer surface. 9. The coating of claim 8 having a water contact angle of at least 90° at the outer surface. 10. A method for preparing a coating of claim 8 comprising applying on a substrate a solution containing a copoly(amic oxetane) having the structure represented by:
-(G-A)-(D-A)- 11. A polymer composite comprising a copolymer containing the copoly(imide oxetane) of claim 3 and particulate filler to provide a water contact angle of at least 100°. 12. An article of manufacture having an outer surface on a polymeric matrix comprising the copoly(imide oxetane) of claim 3, said article of manufacture having a higher concentration of fluorine atoms at its outer surface than that used to make the polymeric matrix. 13. The article of manufacture of claim 12 which is a cast article of manufacture. 14. The article of manufacture of claim 12 which is a molded article of manufacture. 15. A method for making an article of manufacture of claim 12 comprising forming the polymeric matrix containing copoly(amic oxetane) having the structure represented by:
-(G-A)-(D-A)- 16. The method of claim 15 wherein the article of manufacture is a cast article of manufacture. 17. The method of claim 15 wherein the article of manufacture is a molded article. 18. The method of claim 17 wherein dry polymeric matrix particles comprising the copoly(amic oxetane) are formed into the shape of the article and under pressure and imidization conditions an article of manufacture having a higher concentration of fluorine atoms at its outer surface than that used to make the polymeric matrix is produced. 19. A method for making an article of manufacture of claim 12 comprising forming a polymeric matrix containing the copoly(amic oxetane) into the shape of the article of manufacture having an exterior surface, contacting the exterior surface with at least one of
(i) at least one diamine oligomer represented by the formula:
(E)yR1—C(O)—O-J-C(O)—R1(E)y
wherein:
J is [CH2—CR2R3—CH2—O]m or [(CH2—CR2R3—CH2—O)p—(R6—O)q—(CH2—CR2R3—CH2—O)r] wherein R6 is substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic or aromatic moiety of 2 to 16 carbons;
E is —NH2;
y is 1 or 2;
R1 is aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon moiety of 1 to 10 carbon atoms;
R2 is —H, —F, or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
R3 is —F, —R4H(n-a)Fa, —R5—O—R4H(n-a)Fa, and —O—R4H(n-a)Fa, wherein R4 is an alkyl or ether moiety of 1 to 30 carbons and the omega carbon of R4 has three fluoride substituents, R5 is an alkyl moiety of 1 to 30 carbons, a is an integer of 3 to n, and n is twice the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety plus 1; and
m is between about 6 and 100, p is between about 4 and 150, q is between about 1 and 150 and
(ii) at least one copoly(amic oxetane) having the structure represented by:
-(G-A)-(D-A)-
wherein:
G is represented by the formula
—NH—R1—C(O)—O-J-C(O)—R1—HN—
wherein:
J is [CH2—CR2R3—CH2—O]m or [(CH2—CR2R3—CH2—O)p—(R6—O)q—(CH2—CR2R3—CH2—O)r] wherein R6 is substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic or aromatic moiety of 2 to 16 carbons;
R1 is aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon moiety of 1 to 10 carbon atoms;
R2 is —H, —F, or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
R3 is —F, —R4H(n-a)Fa, —R5—O—R4H(n-a)Fa, and —O—R4H(n-a)Fa, wherein R4 is an alkyl or ether moiety of 1 to 30 carbons, R5 is an alkyl moiety of 1 to 30 carbons, a is an integer of 3 to n, and n is twice the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety plus 1; and
m is between about 4 and 500, p is between about 4 and 150, q is between about 1 and 150;
A is represented by the formula 20. A process for making a copoly(amic oxetane) of claim 1 comprising:
a. reacting an oxetane oligomer of the formula
H—O-J-H
wherein
J is [CH2—CR2R3—CH2—O]m or [(CH2—CR2R3—CH2—O)p—(R6—O)q—(CH2—CR2R3—CH2—O)r] wherein R6 is substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic or aromatic moiety of 2 to 16 carbons;
R1 is aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon moiety of 1 to 10 carbon atoms;
R2 is —H, —F, or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
R3 is —F, —R4H(n-a)Fa, —R5—O—R4H(n-a)Fa, and —O—R4H(n-a)Fa, wherein R4 is an alkyl or ether moiety of 1 to 30 carbons, R5 is an alkyl moiety of 1 to 30 carbons, a is an integer of 3 to n, and n is twice the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety plus 1; and
m is between about 4 and 500, p is between about 4 and 150, q is between about 1 and 150;
b. hydrogenating the nitro-terminated oligomer under hydrogenation conditions including the presence of hydrogenation catalyst to convert nitro moieties to amine moieties and provide diamine-terminated oligomer;
c. reacting the diamine-terminated oligomer with at least one of
(i) dianhydride of the formula
O(C(O))2-L-(C(O))2O (I)
wherein
L is a hydrocarbyl-containing moiety of 2 to 100 carbon atoms optionally containing divalent radicals selected from the group consisting of oxygen, silyl, sulfur, carbonyl, sulfonyl, phosphonyl, perfluoro, tertiary amino, and imido;
optionally in the presence of one or more diamines of the formula
—NH—Z—NH— (II)
wherein:
Z is a hydrocarbyl-containing moiety of 1 to 100 carbon atoms optionally containing divalent radicals selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, silyl, carbonyl, sulfonyl, phosphonyl, perfluoro, tertiary amino, and imido, and
(ii) anhydride-terminated prepolymer of (I) and (II) preferably having an
weight average molecular weight of between about 1000 and 500,000, under condensation polymerization conditions to provide the copoly(amic oxetane); and
d. subjecting the copoly(amic oxetane) to imidization conditions. 21. A process for making a copoly(imide oxetane) comprising subjecting the copoly(amide acid oxetane) of claim 20 to imidization conditions. 22. The process of claim 21 wherein the imidization conditions comprise a thermal ring closure at a temperature of between about 150° C. and 400° C. 23. The process of claim 21 wherein the imidization conditions comprise a chemical ring closure in the presence of dehydrating and ring-closing catalyst at a temperature between about −20° C. and 200° C. 24. A polymer composite comprising copolymer containing fluoro-containing oxetane oligomer and particulate filler to provide a water contact angle of at least 100°. 25. The polymer composite of claim 24 wherein the particulate filler has a major dimension of less than about 0.5 micron. | Copoly(imide oxetane) materials are disclosed that can exhibit a low surface energy while possessing the mechanical, thermal, chemical and optical properties associated with polyimides. The copoly(imide oxetane)s are prepared using a minor amount of fluorinated oxetane-derived oligomer with sufficient fluorine-containing segments of the copoly(imide oxetane)s migrate to the exterior surface of the polymeric material to yield low surface energies. Thus the coatings and articles of manufacture made with the copoly(imide oxetane)s of this invention are characterized as having an anisotropic fluorine composition. The low surface energies can be achieved with very low content of fluorinated oxetane-derived oligomer. The copolymers of this invention can enhance the viability of polyimides for many applications and may be acceptable where homopolyimide materials have been unacceptable.1. A copoly(amide acid oxetane) having the structure represented by:
-(G-A)-(D-A)- 2. A polymer composite comprising a copolymer containing the copoly(amide acid oxetane) of claim 1 and particulate filler to provide a water contact angle of at least 100°. 3. A copoly(imide oxetane) having the structure represented by:
-(G-M)-(D-M)- 4. The copoly(imide oxetane) of claim 3 wherein the omega carbon of R4 has three fluoride substituents and wherein m is between 6 and 100. 5. The copoly(imide oxetane) of claim 4 containing 0.002 to 15 mass percent of G. 6. The copoly(imide oxetane) of claim 5 which is a block co-polymer. 7. The copoly(imide oxetane) of claim 5 which is a random co-polymer. 8. A coating having an outer surface and a bonding surface comprising the copoly(imide oxetane) of claim 3, said coating having an anisotropic distribution of fluorine atoms over its thickness with a higher concentration at the outer surface. 9. The coating of claim 8 having a water contact angle of at least 90° at the outer surface. 10. A method for preparing a coating of claim 8 comprising applying on a substrate a solution containing a copoly(amic oxetane) having the structure represented by:
-(G-A)-(D-A)- 11. A polymer composite comprising a copolymer containing the copoly(imide oxetane) of claim 3 and particulate filler to provide a water contact angle of at least 100°. 12. An article of manufacture having an outer surface on a polymeric matrix comprising the copoly(imide oxetane) of claim 3, said article of manufacture having a higher concentration of fluorine atoms at its outer surface than that used to make the polymeric matrix. 13. The article of manufacture of claim 12 which is a cast article of manufacture. 14. The article of manufacture of claim 12 which is a molded article of manufacture. 15. A method for making an article of manufacture of claim 12 comprising forming the polymeric matrix containing copoly(amic oxetane) having the structure represented by:
-(G-A)-(D-A)- 16. The method of claim 15 wherein the article of manufacture is a cast article of manufacture. 17. The method of claim 15 wherein the article of manufacture is a molded article. 18. The method of claim 17 wherein dry polymeric matrix particles comprising the copoly(amic oxetane) are formed into the shape of the article and under pressure and imidization conditions an article of manufacture having a higher concentration of fluorine atoms at its outer surface than that used to make the polymeric matrix is produced. 19. A method for making an article of manufacture of claim 12 comprising forming a polymeric matrix containing the copoly(amic oxetane) into the shape of the article of manufacture having an exterior surface, contacting the exterior surface with at least one of
(i) at least one diamine oligomer represented by the formula:
(E)yR1—C(O)—O-J-C(O)—R1(E)y
wherein:
J is [CH2—CR2R3—CH2—O]m or [(CH2—CR2R3—CH2—O)p—(R6—O)q—(CH2—CR2R3—CH2—O)r] wherein R6 is substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic or aromatic moiety of 2 to 16 carbons;
E is —NH2;
y is 1 or 2;
R1 is aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon moiety of 1 to 10 carbon atoms;
R2 is —H, —F, or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
R3 is —F, —R4H(n-a)Fa, —R5—O—R4H(n-a)Fa, and —O—R4H(n-a)Fa, wherein R4 is an alkyl or ether moiety of 1 to 30 carbons and the omega carbon of R4 has three fluoride substituents, R5 is an alkyl moiety of 1 to 30 carbons, a is an integer of 3 to n, and n is twice the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety plus 1; and
m is between about 6 and 100, p is between about 4 and 150, q is between about 1 and 150 and
(ii) at least one copoly(amic oxetane) having the structure represented by:
-(G-A)-(D-A)-
wherein:
G is represented by the formula
—NH—R1—C(O)—O-J-C(O)—R1—HN—
wherein:
J is [CH2—CR2R3—CH2—O]m or [(CH2—CR2R3—CH2—O)p—(R6—O)q—(CH2—CR2R3—CH2—O)r] wherein R6 is substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic or aromatic moiety of 2 to 16 carbons;
R1 is aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon moiety of 1 to 10 carbon atoms;
R2 is —H, —F, or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
R3 is —F, —R4H(n-a)Fa, —R5—O—R4H(n-a)Fa, and —O—R4H(n-a)Fa, wherein R4 is an alkyl or ether moiety of 1 to 30 carbons, R5 is an alkyl moiety of 1 to 30 carbons, a is an integer of 3 to n, and n is twice the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety plus 1; and
m is between about 4 and 500, p is between about 4 and 150, q is between about 1 and 150;
A is represented by the formula 20. A process for making a copoly(amic oxetane) of claim 1 comprising:
a. reacting an oxetane oligomer of the formula
H—O-J-H
wherein
J is [CH2—CR2R3—CH2—O]m or [(CH2—CR2R3—CH2—O)p—(R6—O)q—(CH2—CR2R3—CH2—O)r] wherein R6 is substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic or aromatic moiety of 2 to 16 carbons;
R1 is aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon moiety of 1 to 10 carbon atoms;
R2 is —H, —F, or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
R3 is —F, —R4H(n-a)Fa, —R5—O—R4H(n-a)Fa, and —O—R4H(n-a)Fa, wherein R4 is an alkyl or ether moiety of 1 to 30 carbons, R5 is an alkyl moiety of 1 to 30 carbons, a is an integer of 3 to n, and n is twice the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety plus 1; and
m is between about 4 and 500, p is between about 4 and 150, q is between about 1 and 150;
b. hydrogenating the nitro-terminated oligomer under hydrogenation conditions including the presence of hydrogenation catalyst to convert nitro moieties to amine moieties and provide diamine-terminated oligomer;
c. reacting the diamine-terminated oligomer with at least one of
(i) dianhydride of the formula
O(C(O))2-L-(C(O))2O (I)
wherein
L is a hydrocarbyl-containing moiety of 2 to 100 carbon atoms optionally containing divalent radicals selected from the group consisting of oxygen, silyl, sulfur, carbonyl, sulfonyl, phosphonyl, perfluoro, tertiary amino, and imido;
optionally in the presence of one or more diamines of the formula
—NH—Z—NH— (II)
wherein:
Z is a hydrocarbyl-containing moiety of 1 to 100 carbon atoms optionally containing divalent radicals selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, silyl, carbonyl, sulfonyl, phosphonyl, perfluoro, tertiary amino, and imido, and
(ii) anhydride-terminated prepolymer of (I) and (II) preferably having an
weight average molecular weight of between about 1000 and 500,000, under condensation polymerization conditions to provide the copoly(amic oxetane); and
d. subjecting the copoly(amic oxetane) to imidization conditions. 21. A process for making a copoly(imide oxetane) comprising subjecting the copoly(amide acid oxetane) of claim 20 to imidization conditions. 22. The process of claim 21 wherein the imidization conditions comprise a thermal ring closure at a temperature of between about 150° C. and 400° C. 23. The process of claim 21 wherein the imidization conditions comprise a chemical ring closure in the presence of dehydrating and ring-closing catalyst at a temperature between about −20° C. and 200° C. 24. A polymer composite comprising copolymer containing fluoro-containing oxetane oligomer and particulate filler to provide a water contact angle of at least 100°. 25. The polymer composite of claim 24 wherein the particulate filler has a major dimension of less than about 0.5 micron. | 2,600 |
349,655 | 350,529 | 16,854,281 | 2,647 | A method and system method for determining a patient's acute kidney injury (AKI) stage, including: receiving a patient's current AKI stage; calculating a patient's new AKI stage; comparing the new AKI stage to the current AKI stage; updating the patient's AKI stage to the new AKI stage when the new AKI stage is greater than the current AKI stage; calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value; determining whether the AKI stage exit criteria are satisfied; and reducing the patient's AKI stage to the exit AKI stage when the AKI stage exit criteria are satisfied. | 1. A method for determining a patient's acute kidney injury (AK) stage, comprising:
receiving a patient's current AKI stage; calculating a patient's new AKI stage; comparing the new AKI stage to the current AKI stage; updating the patient's AKI stage to the new AKI stage when the new AKI stage is greater than the current AKI stage; calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value; determining whether the AKI stage exit criteria are satisfied; and reducing the patient's AKI stage to the exit AKI stage when the AKI stage exit criteria are satisfied. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein patient's AKI stage remains unchanged when the AKI stage exit criteria are not satisfied. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the patients new AKI stage includes:
receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; and comparing all normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding plurality of urine output thresholds. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the patients new AKI stage includes:
receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 3 when all the patients normalized periodic urine output in the last 24 hours<0.3 ml/dL or the patient's total urine output in the last 12 hours<50 ml; setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 2 when all the patients normalized periodic urine output in the last 12 hours<0.5 ml/dL; and setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 1 when all the patients normalized periodic urine output in the last 6 hours<0.5 ml/dL. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value includes:
receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; calculating the average normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods; and comparing the calculated average normalized periodic urine output values over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding plurality of urine output thresholds. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value includes:
receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; calculating a first average periodic urine output in the last 24 hours; setting the patient's AKI exit stage to stage 3 when the first average periodic urine output in the last 24 hours<0.3 ml/dL or the patient's total urine output in the last 12 hours<50 ml; calculating a second average periodic urine output in the last 12 hours; setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 2 when the second average periodic urine output in the last 12 hours<0.5 ml/dL; calculating a third average hourly urine output in the last 26 hours; and setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 1 when the third average periodic urine output in the last 6 hours<0.5 ml/dL. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein
calculating the patients new AKI stage includes:
receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output;
comparing all normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding set of urine output thresholds;
calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value includes:
calculating the average normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods; and
comparing the calculated average normalized periodic urine output values over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding set of urine output thresholds. 8. A system configured to predict the next location for a patient in a healthcare facility, comprising:
a memory; a processor coupled to the memory, wherein the processor is configured to: receive a patient's current AKI stage; calculate a patient's new AKI stage; compare the new AKI stage to the current AKI stage; update the patient's AKI stage to the new AKI stage when the new AKI stage is greater than the current AKI stage; calculate AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value; determine whether the AKI stage exit criteria are satisfied; and reduce the patient's AKI stage to the exit AKI stage when the AKI stage exit criteria are satisfied. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein patient's AKI stage remains unchanged when the AKI stage exit criteria are not satisfied. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein calculating the patients new AKI stage includes:
receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; and comparing all normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding plurality of urine output thresholds. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein calculating the patients new AKI stage includes:
receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 3 when all the patients normalized periodic urine output in the last 24 hours<0.3 ml/dL or the patient's total urine output in the last 12 hours<50 ml; setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 2 when all the patients normalized periodic urine output in the last 12 hours<0.5 ml/dL; and setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 1 when all the patients normalized periodic urine output in the last 6 hours<0.5 ml/dL. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value includes:
receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; calculating the average normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods; and comparing the calculated average normalized periodic urine output values over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding plurality of urine output thresholds. 13. The system of claim 8, wherein calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value includes:
receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; calculating a first average periodic urine output in the last 24 hours; setting the patient's AKI exit stage to stage 3 when the first average periodic urine output in the last 24 hours<0.3 ml/dL or the patient's total urine output in the last 12 hours<50 ml; calculating a second average periodic urine output in the last 12 hours; setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 2 when the second average periodic urine output in the last 12 hours<0.5 ml/dL; calculating a third average hourly urine output in the last 26 hours; and setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 1 when the third average periodic urine output in the last 6 hours<0.5 ml/dL. 14. The system of claim 8, wherein
calculating the patients new AKI stage includes:
receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output;
comparing all normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding set of urine output thresholds;
calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value includes:
calculating the average normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods; and
comparing the calculated average normalized periodic urine output values over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding set of urine output thresholds. 15. A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium encoded with instructions for determining a patient's acute kidney injury (AKI) stage, comprising:
instructions for receiving a patient's current AKI stage; instructions for calculating a patient's new AKI stage; instructions for comparing the new AKI stage to the current AKI stage; instructions for updating the patient's AKI stage to the new AKI stage when the new AKI stage is greater than the current AKI stage; instructions for calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value; instructions for determining whether the AKI stage exit criteria are satisfied; and instructions for reducing the patient's AKI stage to the exit AKI stage when the AKI stage exit criteria are satisfied. 16. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein patient's AKI stage remains unchanged when the AKI stage exit criteria are not satisfied. 17. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein instructions for calculating the patients new AKI stage includes:
instructions for receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; and instructions for comparing all normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding plurality of urine output thresholds. 18. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein instructions for calculating the patients new AKI stage includes:
instructions for receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; instructions for setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 3 when all the patients normalized periodic urine output in the last 24 hours<0.3 ml/dL or the patient's total urine output in the last 12 hours<50 ml; instructions for setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 2 when all the patients normalized periodic urine output in the last 12 hours<0.5 ml/dL; and instructions for setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 1 when all the patients normalized periodic urine output in the last 6 hours<0.5 ml/dL. 19. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein instructions for calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value includes:
instructions for receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; instructions for calculating the average normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods; and instructions for comparing the calculated average normalized periodic urine output values over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding plurality of urine output thresholds. 20. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein instructions for calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value includes:
instructions for receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; instructions for calculating a first average periodic urine output in the last 24 hours; instructions for setting the patient's AKI exit stage to stage 3 when the first average periodic urine output in the last 24 hours<0.3 ml/dL or the patient's total urine output in the last 12 hours<50 ml; instructions for calculating a second average periodic urine output in the last 12 hours; instructions for setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 2 when the second average periodic urine output in the last 12 hours<0.5 ml/dL; instructions for calculating a third average hourly urine output in the last 26 hours; and instructions for setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 1 when the third average periodic urine output in the last 6 hours<0.5 ml/dL. 21. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein
instructions for calculating the patients new AKI stage includes:
instructions for receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output;
instructions for comparing all normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding set of urine output thresholds;
instructions for calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value includes:
instructions for calculating the average normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods; and
instructions for comparing the calculated average normalized periodic urine output values over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding set of urine output thresholds. | A method and system method for determining a patient's acute kidney injury (AKI) stage, including: receiving a patient's current AKI stage; calculating a patient's new AKI stage; comparing the new AKI stage to the current AKI stage; updating the patient's AKI stage to the new AKI stage when the new AKI stage is greater than the current AKI stage; calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value; determining whether the AKI stage exit criteria are satisfied; and reducing the patient's AKI stage to the exit AKI stage when the AKI stage exit criteria are satisfied.1. A method for determining a patient's acute kidney injury (AK) stage, comprising:
receiving a patient's current AKI stage; calculating a patient's new AKI stage; comparing the new AKI stage to the current AKI stage; updating the patient's AKI stage to the new AKI stage when the new AKI stage is greater than the current AKI stage; calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value; determining whether the AKI stage exit criteria are satisfied; and reducing the patient's AKI stage to the exit AKI stage when the AKI stage exit criteria are satisfied. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein patient's AKI stage remains unchanged when the AKI stage exit criteria are not satisfied. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the patients new AKI stage includes:
receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; and comparing all normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding plurality of urine output thresholds. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the patients new AKI stage includes:
receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 3 when all the patients normalized periodic urine output in the last 24 hours<0.3 ml/dL or the patient's total urine output in the last 12 hours<50 ml; setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 2 when all the patients normalized periodic urine output in the last 12 hours<0.5 ml/dL; and setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 1 when all the patients normalized periodic urine output in the last 6 hours<0.5 ml/dL. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value includes:
receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; calculating the average normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods; and comparing the calculated average normalized periodic urine output values over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding plurality of urine output thresholds. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value includes:
receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; calculating a first average periodic urine output in the last 24 hours; setting the patient's AKI exit stage to stage 3 when the first average periodic urine output in the last 24 hours<0.3 ml/dL or the patient's total urine output in the last 12 hours<50 ml; calculating a second average periodic urine output in the last 12 hours; setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 2 when the second average periodic urine output in the last 12 hours<0.5 ml/dL; calculating a third average hourly urine output in the last 26 hours; and setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 1 when the third average periodic urine output in the last 6 hours<0.5 ml/dL. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein
calculating the patients new AKI stage includes:
receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output;
comparing all normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding set of urine output thresholds;
calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value includes:
calculating the average normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods; and
comparing the calculated average normalized periodic urine output values over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding set of urine output thresholds. 8. A system configured to predict the next location for a patient in a healthcare facility, comprising:
a memory; a processor coupled to the memory, wherein the processor is configured to: receive a patient's current AKI stage; calculate a patient's new AKI stage; compare the new AKI stage to the current AKI stage; update the patient's AKI stage to the new AKI stage when the new AKI stage is greater than the current AKI stage; calculate AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value; determine whether the AKI stage exit criteria are satisfied; and reduce the patient's AKI stage to the exit AKI stage when the AKI stage exit criteria are satisfied. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein patient's AKI stage remains unchanged when the AKI stage exit criteria are not satisfied. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein calculating the patients new AKI stage includes:
receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; and comparing all normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding plurality of urine output thresholds. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein calculating the patients new AKI stage includes:
receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 3 when all the patients normalized periodic urine output in the last 24 hours<0.3 ml/dL or the patient's total urine output in the last 12 hours<50 ml; setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 2 when all the patients normalized periodic urine output in the last 12 hours<0.5 ml/dL; and setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 1 when all the patients normalized periodic urine output in the last 6 hours<0.5 ml/dL. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value includes:
receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; calculating the average normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods; and comparing the calculated average normalized periodic urine output values over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding plurality of urine output thresholds. 13. The system of claim 8, wherein calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value includes:
receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; calculating a first average periodic urine output in the last 24 hours; setting the patient's AKI exit stage to stage 3 when the first average periodic urine output in the last 24 hours<0.3 ml/dL or the patient's total urine output in the last 12 hours<50 ml; calculating a second average periodic urine output in the last 12 hours; setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 2 when the second average periodic urine output in the last 12 hours<0.5 ml/dL; calculating a third average hourly urine output in the last 26 hours; and setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 1 when the third average periodic urine output in the last 6 hours<0.5 ml/dL. 14. The system of claim 8, wherein
calculating the patients new AKI stage includes:
receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output;
comparing all normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding set of urine output thresholds;
calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value includes:
calculating the average normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods; and
comparing the calculated average normalized periodic urine output values over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding set of urine output thresholds. 15. A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium encoded with instructions for determining a patient's acute kidney injury (AKI) stage, comprising:
instructions for receiving a patient's current AKI stage; instructions for calculating a patient's new AKI stage; instructions for comparing the new AKI stage to the current AKI stage; instructions for updating the patient's AKI stage to the new AKI stage when the new AKI stage is greater than the current AKI stage; instructions for calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value; instructions for determining whether the AKI stage exit criteria are satisfied; and instructions for reducing the patient's AKI stage to the exit AKI stage when the AKI stage exit criteria are satisfied. 16. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein patient's AKI stage remains unchanged when the AKI stage exit criteria are not satisfied. 17. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein instructions for calculating the patients new AKI stage includes:
instructions for receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; and instructions for comparing all normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding plurality of urine output thresholds. 18. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein instructions for calculating the patients new AKI stage includes:
instructions for receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; instructions for setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 3 when all the patients normalized periodic urine output in the last 24 hours<0.3 ml/dL or the patient's total urine output in the last 12 hours<50 ml; instructions for setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 2 when all the patients normalized periodic urine output in the last 12 hours<0.5 ml/dL; and instructions for setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 1 when all the patients normalized periodic urine output in the last 6 hours<0.5 ml/dL. 19. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein instructions for calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value includes:
instructions for receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; instructions for calculating the average normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods; and instructions for comparing the calculated average normalized periodic urine output values over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding plurality of urine output thresholds. 20. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein instructions for calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value includes:
instructions for receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output; instructions for calculating a first average periodic urine output in the last 24 hours; instructions for setting the patient's AKI exit stage to stage 3 when the first average periodic urine output in the last 24 hours<0.3 ml/dL or the patient's total urine output in the last 12 hours<50 ml; instructions for calculating a second average periodic urine output in the last 12 hours; instructions for setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 2 when the second average periodic urine output in the last 12 hours<0.5 ml/dL; instructions for calculating a third average hourly urine output in the last 26 hours; and instructions for setting the patient's AKI stage to stage 1 when the third average periodic urine output in the last 6 hours<0.5 ml/dL. 21. The non-transitory machine-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein
instructions for calculating the patients new AKI stage includes:
instructions for receiving the patient's weight and periodic urine output;
instructions for comparing all normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding set of urine output thresholds;
instructions for calculating AKI stage exit criteria and an AKI exit stage value includes:
instructions for calculating the average normalized periodic urine output over a plurality of time periods; and
instructions for comparing the calculated average normalized periodic urine output values over a plurality of time periods to a corresponding set of urine output thresholds. | 2,600 |
349,656 | 350,530 | 16,854,273 | 2,647 | The present disclosure provides an optical imaging lens assembly, the optical imaging lens assembly sequentially includes, along an optical axis from an object side to an image side: a first lens having a refractive power, where an object-side surface thereof is a concave surface and an image-side surface thereof is a convex surface; a second lens having a refractive power; a third lens having a positive refractive power; a fourth lens having a negative refractive power; a fifth lens having a positive refractive power; a sixth lens having a refractive power, where an object-side surface thereof is a convex surface and an image-side surface thereof is a concave surface; and a seventh lens having a negative refractive power. | 1. An optical imaging lens assembly, along an optical axis from an object side to an image side sequentially comprising:
a first lens having a refractive power, wherein an object-side surface thereof is a concave surface and an image-side surface thereof is a convex surface; a second lens having a refractive power; a third lens having a positive refractive power; a fourth lens having a negative refractive power; a fifth lens having a positive refractive power; a sixth lens having a refractive power, wherein an object-side surface thereof is a convex surface, and an image-side surface thereof is a concave surface; and a seventh lens having a negative refractive power. 2. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein an effective focal length f5 of the fifth lens and an effective focal length f3 of the third lens satisfy: 0.3<f5/f3<1.4. 3. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 2, wherein the effective focal length f5 of the fifth lens and the effective focal length f3 of the third lens further satisfy: 0.34≤f5/f3≤1.32. 4. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein an effective focal length f7 of the seventh lens and an effective focal length f4 of the fourth lens satisfy: 0.1<f7/f4<1.3. 5. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 4, wherein the effective focal length f7 of the seventh lens and the effective focal length f4 of the fourth lens further satisfy: 0.14≤f7/f4≤1.22. 6. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein a radius of curvature R3 of an object-side surface of the second lens, a radius of curvature R4 of an image-side surface of the second lens, and an effective focal length f2 of the second lens satisfy: 0.1<(R3+R4)/f2<1.0. 7. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 6, wherein the radius of curvature R3 of the object-side surface of the second lens, the radius of curvature R4 of the image-side surface of the second lens, and the effective focal length f2 of the second lens further satisfy: 0.16≤(R3+R4)/f2≤0.96. 8. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein a radius of curvature R7 of an object-side surface of the fourth lens and a radius of curvature R8 of an image-side surface of the fourth lens satisfy: 0.3<R7/R8<0.8. 9. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 8, wherein the radius of curvature R7 of the object-side surface of the fourth lens and the radius of curvature R8 of the image-side surface of the fourth lens further satisfy: 0.54≤f7/R8≤0.69. 10. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein an air spacing T34 on the optical axis between the third lens and the fourth lens, an air spacing T67 on the optical axis between the sixth lens and the seventh lens, and a distance TTL on the optical axis between the object-side surface of the first lens and an image plane of the optical imaging lens assembly satisfy: 0.8<(T34+T67)/TTL*5<1.4. 11. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 10, wherein the air spacing T34 on the optical axis between the third lens and the fourth lens, the air spacing T67 on the optical axis between the sixth lens and the seventh lens, and the distance TTL on the optical axis between the object-side surface of the first lens and an image plane of the optical imaging lens assembly satisfy: 0.90≤(T34+T67)/TTL*5≤1.31. 12. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein a center thickness CT3 of the third lens on the optical axis, a center thickness CT1 of the first lens on the optical axis, a center thickness CT2 of the second lens on the optical axis, and a center thickness CT4 of the fourth lens on the optical axis satisfy: 0.4<CT3/(CT1+CT2+CT4)<1.1. 13. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 12, wherein the center thickness CT3 of the third lens on the optical axis, the center thickness CT1 of the first lens on the optical axis, the center thickness CT2 of the second lens on the optical axis, and the center thickness CT4 of the fourth lens on the optical axis further satisfy: 0.46≤CT3/(CT1+CT2+CT4)≤1.04. 14. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein an effective radius DT11 of the object-side surface of the first lens and an effective radius DT21 of the object-side surface of the second lens satisfy: 1.1<DT11/DT21<1.7. 15. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein an effective radius DT32 of an image-side surface of the third lens and an effective radius DT22 of an image-side surface of the second lens satisfy: 1.0<DT32/DT22<1.4. 16. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein a total effective focal length f of the optical imaging lens assembly, a radius of curvature R1 of the object-side surface of the first lens, and a radius of curvature R2 of the image-side surface of the first lens satisfy: −0.5<f/(R1+R2)<0. 17. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein half of a diagonal length ImgH of an effective pixel area on an image plane of the optical imaging lens assembly satisfies: 6.0 mm<ImgH<7.0 mm. 18. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein the total effective focal length f of the optical imaging lens assembly and a maximal field-of-view FOV of the optical imaging lens assembly satisfy: 2.3 mm<f*tan(FOV/4)<2.9 mm. 19. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein a maximal field-of-view FOV of the optical imaging lens assembly satisfies: 95°<FOV<125°. 20. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 17, wherein the distance TTL on the optical axis between the object-side surface of the first lens and the image plane of the optical imaging lens assembly and the half of a diagonal length ImgH of the effective pixel area on the image plane of the optical imaging lens assembly satisfy: TTL/ImgH<1.3. | The present disclosure provides an optical imaging lens assembly, the optical imaging lens assembly sequentially includes, along an optical axis from an object side to an image side: a first lens having a refractive power, where an object-side surface thereof is a concave surface and an image-side surface thereof is a convex surface; a second lens having a refractive power; a third lens having a positive refractive power; a fourth lens having a negative refractive power; a fifth lens having a positive refractive power; a sixth lens having a refractive power, where an object-side surface thereof is a convex surface and an image-side surface thereof is a concave surface; and a seventh lens having a negative refractive power.1. An optical imaging lens assembly, along an optical axis from an object side to an image side sequentially comprising:
a first lens having a refractive power, wherein an object-side surface thereof is a concave surface and an image-side surface thereof is a convex surface; a second lens having a refractive power; a third lens having a positive refractive power; a fourth lens having a negative refractive power; a fifth lens having a positive refractive power; a sixth lens having a refractive power, wherein an object-side surface thereof is a convex surface, and an image-side surface thereof is a concave surface; and a seventh lens having a negative refractive power. 2. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein an effective focal length f5 of the fifth lens and an effective focal length f3 of the third lens satisfy: 0.3<f5/f3<1.4. 3. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 2, wherein the effective focal length f5 of the fifth lens and the effective focal length f3 of the third lens further satisfy: 0.34≤f5/f3≤1.32. 4. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein an effective focal length f7 of the seventh lens and an effective focal length f4 of the fourth lens satisfy: 0.1<f7/f4<1.3. 5. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 4, wherein the effective focal length f7 of the seventh lens and the effective focal length f4 of the fourth lens further satisfy: 0.14≤f7/f4≤1.22. 6. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein a radius of curvature R3 of an object-side surface of the second lens, a radius of curvature R4 of an image-side surface of the second lens, and an effective focal length f2 of the second lens satisfy: 0.1<(R3+R4)/f2<1.0. 7. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 6, wherein the radius of curvature R3 of the object-side surface of the second lens, the radius of curvature R4 of the image-side surface of the second lens, and the effective focal length f2 of the second lens further satisfy: 0.16≤(R3+R4)/f2≤0.96. 8. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein a radius of curvature R7 of an object-side surface of the fourth lens and a radius of curvature R8 of an image-side surface of the fourth lens satisfy: 0.3<R7/R8<0.8. 9. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 8, wherein the radius of curvature R7 of the object-side surface of the fourth lens and the radius of curvature R8 of the image-side surface of the fourth lens further satisfy: 0.54≤f7/R8≤0.69. 10. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein an air spacing T34 on the optical axis between the third lens and the fourth lens, an air spacing T67 on the optical axis between the sixth lens and the seventh lens, and a distance TTL on the optical axis between the object-side surface of the first lens and an image plane of the optical imaging lens assembly satisfy: 0.8<(T34+T67)/TTL*5<1.4. 11. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 10, wherein the air spacing T34 on the optical axis between the third lens and the fourth lens, the air spacing T67 on the optical axis between the sixth lens and the seventh lens, and the distance TTL on the optical axis between the object-side surface of the first lens and an image plane of the optical imaging lens assembly satisfy: 0.90≤(T34+T67)/TTL*5≤1.31. 12. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein a center thickness CT3 of the third lens on the optical axis, a center thickness CT1 of the first lens on the optical axis, a center thickness CT2 of the second lens on the optical axis, and a center thickness CT4 of the fourth lens on the optical axis satisfy: 0.4<CT3/(CT1+CT2+CT4)<1.1. 13. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 12, wherein the center thickness CT3 of the third lens on the optical axis, the center thickness CT1 of the first lens on the optical axis, the center thickness CT2 of the second lens on the optical axis, and the center thickness CT4 of the fourth lens on the optical axis further satisfy: 0.46≤CT3/(CT1+CT2+CT4)≤1.04. 14. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein an effective radius DT11 of the object-side surface of the first lens and an effective radius DT21 of the object-side surface of the second lens satisfy: 1.1<DT11/DT21<1.7. 15. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein an effective radius DT32 of an image-side surface of the third lens and an effective radius DT22 of an image-side surface of the second lens satisfy: 1.0<DT32/DT22<1.4. 16. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein a total effective focal length f of the optical imaging lens assembly, a radius of curvature R1 of the object-side surface of the first lens, and a radius of curvature R2 of the image-side surface of the first lens satisfy: −0.5<f/(R1+R2)<0. 17. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein half of a diagonal length ImgH of an effective pixel area on an image plane of the optical imaging lens assembly satisfies: 6.0 mm<ImgH<7.0 mm. 18. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein the total effective focal length f of the optical imaging lens assembly and a maximal field-of-view FOV of the optical imaging lens assembly satisfy: 2.3 mm<f*tan(FOV/4)<2.9 mm. 19. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 1, wherein a maximal field-of-view FOV of the optical imaging lens assembly satisfies: 95°<FOV<125°. 20. The optical imaging lens assembly according to claim 17, wherein the distance TTL on the optical axis between the object-side surface of the first lens and the image plane of the optical imaging lens assembly and the half of a diagonal length ImgH of the effective pixel area on the image plane of the optical imaging lens assembly satisfy: TTL/ImgH<1.3. | 2,600 |
349,657 | 350,531 | 16,854,287 | 2,647 | Disclosed herein is a unit for collecting blood including: a handle having a length to be gripped in a hand of a user; and a handling block connected to the handle, wherein the handling block includes: a body disposed to have a second central axis offset from a first central axis of the handle; a collection port formed to pass through the body in a vertical direction and configured to collect blood due to a capillary force; and a discharge groove formed concavely in the body in communication with a lower portion of the collection port to promote discharging of blood absorbed into the collection port to an absorption pad of a diagnostic device when the body is placed on the absorption pad. | 1. A unit for collecting blood comprising:
a handle having a length to be gripped in a hand of a user; and a handling block connected to the handle, wherein the handling block includes: a body disposed to have a second central axis offset from a first central axis of the handle; a collection port formed to pass through the body in a vertical direction and configured to collect blood due to a capillary force; and a discharge groove formed concavely in the body in communication with a lower portion of the collection port to promote discharging of blood absorbed into the collection port to an absorption pad of a diagnostic device when the body is placed on the absorption pad. 2. The unit for collecting blood of claim 1, wherein the body includes:
a connection portion to which the handle is connected; and a contact portion located under the connection portion and having a gradually smaller cross-sectional area as being farther away from the connection portion. 3. The unit for collecting blood of claim 1, wherein the handle includes:
a main portion extending along the first central axis; and a sub portion extending along a third central axis that is inclined with respect to the first central axis and intervening for connection between the main portion and the body. 4. The unit for collecting blood of claim 1, wherein the collection port is formed to have a gradually smaller cross-sectional area from a lower portion to an upper portion of the body. 5. The unit for collecting blood of claim 1, wherein the discharge groove extends radially from the center of the collection port. 6. A unit for collecting blood comprising:
a handle having a main portion extending along a main axis and formed to be gripped in a hand of a user and a sub portion extending from the main portion to be disposed along a sub axis that is inclined with respect to the main axis; and a handling block connected to the sub portion and disposed along a block axis that is parallel to the main axis, wherein the handling block includes: a body having a connection portion connected to the sub portion and a contact portion located under the connection portion; and a collection port formed to pass through the body in a vertical direction and configured to collect blood due to a capillary force, a width of a lower end of the contact portion being smaller than that of an upper end of the connection portion. 7. The unit for collecting blood of claim 6, wherein the collection port is formed to have a gradually smaller cross-sectional area from a lower portion to an upper portion of the body. 8. The unit for collecting blood of claim 6, wherein the body further includes a discharge groove formed concavely in the body in communication with a lower portion of the collection port to promote discharging of blood absorbed into the collection port to an absorption pad of a diagnostic device when the body is placed on the absorption pad. 9. A unit for collecting blood comprising:
a handle extending along a first central axis; and a handling block connected to the handle and disposed to have a second central axis offset from the first central axis, wherein the handling block includes: a body having a connection portion connected to the handle and a contact portion located under the connection portion; and a collection port formed to pass through the body in a direction from the contact portion to the connection portion and configured to collect blood due to a capillary force, the collection port including a section in which a cross section thereof is gradually smaller in the direction from the contact portion to the connection portion. 10. The unit for collecting blood of claim 9, wherein the contact portion has a tapered shape such that an outer diameter thereof is gradually reduced as being farther away from the connection portion. | Disclosed herein is a unit for collecting blood including: a handle having a length to be gripped in a hand of a user; and a handling block connected to the handle, wherein the handling block includes: a body disposed to have a second central axis offset from a first central axis of the handle; a collection port formed to pass through the body in a vertical direction and configured to collect blood due to a capillary force; and a discharge groove formed concavely in the body in communication with a lower portion of the collection port to promote discharging of blood absorbed into the collection port to an absorption pad of a diagnostic device when the body is placed on the absorption pad.1. A unit for collecting blood comprising:
a handle having a length to be gripped in a hand of a user; and a handling block connected to the handle, wherein the handling block includes: a body disposed to have a second central axis offset from a first central axis of the handle; a collection port formed to pass through the body in a vertical direction and configured to collect blood due to a capillary force; and a discharge groove formed concavely in the body in communication with a lower portion of the collection port to promote discharging of blood absorbed into the collection port to an absorption pad of a diagnostic device when the body is placed on the absorption pad. 2. The unit for collecting blood of claim 1, wherein the body includes:
a connection portion to which the handle is connected; and a contact portion located under the connection portion and having a gradually smaller cross-sectional area as being farther away from the connection portion. 3. The unit for collecting blood of claim 1, wherein the handle includes:
a main portion extending along the first central axis; and a sub portion extending along a third central axis that is inclined with respect to the first central axis and intervening for connection between the main portion and the body. 4. The unit for collecting blood of claim 1, wherein the collection port is formed to have a gradually smaller cross-sectional area from a lower portion to an upper portion of the body. 5. The unit for collecting blood of claim 1, wherein the discharge groove extends radially from the center of the collection port. 6. A unit for collecting blood comprising:
a handle having a main portion extending along a main axis and formed to be gripped in a hand of a user and a sub portion extending from the main portion to be disposed along a sub axis that is inclined with respect to the main axis; and a handling block connected to the sub portion and disposed along a block axis that is parallel to the main axis, wherein the handling block includes: a body having a connection portion connected to the sub portion and a contact portion located under the connection portion; and a collection port formed to pass through the body in a vertical direction and configured to collect blood due to a capillary force, a width of a lower end of the contact portion being smaller than that of an upper end of the connection portion. 7. The unit for collecting blood of claim 6, wherein the collection port is formed to have a gradually smaller cross-sectional area from a lower portion to an upper portion of the body. 8. The unit for collecting blood of claim 6, wherein the body further includes a discharge groove formed concavely in the body in communication with a lower portion of the collection port to promote discharging of blood absorbed into the collection port to an absorption pad of a diagnostic device when the body is placed on the absorption pad. 9. A unit for collecting blood comprising:
a handle extending along a first central axis; and a handling block connected to the handle and disposed to have a second central axis offset from the first central axis, wherein the handling block includes: a body having a connection portion connected to the handle and a contact portion located under the connection portion; and a collection port formed to pass through the body in a direction from the contact portion to the connection portion and configured to collect blood due to a capillary force, the collection port including a section in which a cross section thereof is gradually smaller in the direction from the contact portion to the connection portion. 10. The unit for collecting blood of claim 9, wherein the contact portion has a tapered shape such that an outer diameter thereof is gradually reduced as being farther away from the connection portion. | 2,600 |
349,658 | 350,532 | 16,854,241 | 2,647 | The present invention relates generally to methods of use and compositions useful for treating skin to reduce the appearance of wrinkles, moisturize skin, lighten skin, reduce inflammation, increase skin firmness, or increase skin elasticity. The composition can include 20 wt. % to 45 wt. % light mineral oil, 0.1 wt. % to 5 wt. % Persea gratissima (avocado) oil, 0.1 wt. % to 5% wt. % Olea europaea (olive) fruit oil, 0.1 wt. % to 5 wt. % Argania spinosa kernel oil. 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. % Limnanthes alba (meadowfoam) seed oil, 0.1 wt. % to 5 wt. % hybrid sunflower oil, 0.01 wt. % to 5 wt. % Crambe abyssinica seed oil, and 0.01 wt. % to 5% w/w of Daucus carota sativa (carrot) root extract. | 1. A method of treating skin to reduce the appearance of wrinkles, increase moisturization, lighten skin, reduce inflammation, increase skin elasticity, or increase skin firmness, the method comprising topically applying to the skin an effective amount of a topical composition comprising:
20 wt. % to 45 wt. % light mineral oil; 0.1 wt. % to 5 wt. % Persea gratissima (avocado) oil; 0.1 wt. % to 5% wt. % Olea europaea (olive) fruit oil; 0.1 wt. % to 5 wt. % Argania spinosa kernel oil; 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. % Limnanthes alba (meadowfoam) seed oil; 0.1 wt. % to 5 wt. % hybrid sunflower oil; 0.01 wt. % to 5 wt. % Crambe abyssinica seed oil; and 0.01 wt. % to 5% w/w of Daucus carota sativa (carrot) root extract, wherein the composition reduces melanin secretion, inhibits TNF-α secretion, increases collagen production, increases elastin production, increases laminin production, or increases fibronectin production. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the topical composition further comprises water. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the topical composition comprises 1 wt. % to 20 wt. % water. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the topical composition further comprises:
phenoxyethanol; trihydroxystearin; and tocopheryl acetate. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the topical composition further comprises:
0.1 wt. % to 3 wt. % phenoxyethanol; 0.1 wt. % to 3 wt. % trihydroxystearin; and 0.1 wt. % to 1.5 wt. % tocopheryl acetate. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the topical composition further comprises:
polyethylene; PEG-20 glyceryl triisostearate; and butylene glycol. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the topical composition further comprises:
0.1 to 10% w/w of polyethylene; 5 wt. % to 30 wt. % PEG-20 glyceryl triisostearate; and 5 wt. % to 20 wt. % butylene glycol. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the topical composition is an emulsion, serum, gel, gel emulsion, or gel serum. | The present invention relates generally to methods of use and compositions useful for treating skin to reduce the appearance of wrinkles, moisturize skin, lighten skin, reduce inflammation, increase skin firmness, or increase skin elasticity. The composition can include 20 wt. % to 45 wt. % light mineral oil, 0.1 wt. % to 5 wt. % Persea gratissima (avocado) oil, 0.1 wt. % to 5% wt. % Olea europaea (olive) fruit oil, 0.1 wt. % to 5 wt. % Argania spinosa kernel oil. 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. % Limnanthes alba (meadowfoam) seed oil, 0.1 wt. % to 5 wt. % hybrid sunflower oil, 0.01 wt. % to 5 wt. % Crambe abyssinica seed oil, and 0.01 wt. % to 5% w/w of Daucus carota sativa (carrot) root extract.1. A method of treating skin to reduce the appearance of wrinkles, increase moisturization, lighten skin, reduce inflammation, increase skin elasticity, or increase skin firmness, the method comprising topically applying to the skin an effective amount of a topical composition comprising:
20 wt. % to 45 wt. % light mineral oil; 0.1 wt. % to 5 wt. % Persea gratissima (avocado) oil; 0.1 wt. % to 5% wt. % Olea europaea (olive) fruit oil; 0.1 wt. % to 5 wt. % Argania spinosa kernel oil; 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. % Limnanthes alba (meadowfoam) seed oil; 0.1 wt. % to 5 wt. % hybrid sunflower oil; 0.01 wt. % to 5 wt. % Crambe abyssinica seed oil; and 0.01 wt. % to 5% w/w of Daucus carota sativa (carrot) root extract, wherein the composition reduces melanin secretion, inhibits TNF-α secretion, increases collagen production, increases elastin production, increases laminin production, or increases fibronectin production. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the topical composition further comprises water. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the topical composition comprises 1 wt. % to 20 wt. % water. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the topical composition further comprises:
phenoxyethanol; trihydroxystearin; and tocopheryl acetate. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the topical composition further comprises:
0.1 wt. % to 3 wt. % phenoxyethanol; 0.1 wt. % to 3 wt. % trihydroxystearin; and 0.1 wt. % to 1.5 wt. % tocopheryl acetate. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the topical composition further comprises:
polyethylene; PEG-20 glyceryl triisostearate; and butylene glycol. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the topical composition further comprises:
0.1 to 10% w/w of polyethylene; 5 wt. % to 30 wt. % PEG-20 glyceryl triisostearate; and 5 wt. % to 20 wt. % butylene glycol. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the topical composition is an emulsion, serum, gel, gel emulsion, or gel serum. | 2,600 |
349,659 | 350,533 | 16,854,237 | 2,647 | A multilayer electronic component includes a capacitor body having first to six surfaces, the capacitor body including a dielectric layer and first and second internal electrodes having one ends exposed through the third and fourth sides, respectively, first and second external electrodes including first and second connection portions disposed on the third and fourth surfaces of the capacitor body, respectively, and first and second band portions spaced apart from each other on the first surface of the capacitor body, respectively, a first connection terminal disposed on the first band portion and having a first cutout disposed in a lower surface thereof, open toward the third surface of the capacitor body, and a second connection terminal disposed on the second band portion and having a second cutout formed in a lower surface thereof, open toward the fourth surface of the capacitor body. | 1. A multilayer electronic component comprising:
a capacitor body having a first surface, as a mounting surface, a second surface opposing the first surface, a third surface and a fourth surface connected to the first and second surfaces and opposing each other, and a fifth surface and a sixth surface connected to the first, second, third, and fourth surfaces and opposing each other, the capacitor body including a dielectric layer and first and second internal electrodes having one ends exposed through the third and fourth surfaces, respectively; first and second external electrodes respectively including first and second connection portions disposed on the third and fourth surfaces of the capacitor body, respectively, and first and second band portions disposed on the first surface of the capacitor body and spaced apart from each other; a first connection terminal disposed on the first band portion and having a first cutout defined in a lower surface of the first connection terminal opposing the first surface of the capacitor body, the first cutout being open toward the third surface of the capacitor body; and a second connection terminal disposed on the second band portion and having a second cutout defined in a lower surface of the second connection terminal opposing the first surface of the capacitor body, the second cutout being open toward the fourth surface of the capacitor body. 2. The multilayer electronic component of claim 1, wherein the first and second band portions include first and second solder accommodating portions below the first and second band portions, by the first and second cutouts, respectively, and
wherein the first and second solder accommodating portions are not in direct contact with the first and second band portions by upper surfaces of the first and second connection terminals, respectively, the upper surfaces opposing the lower surfaces of the first and second connection terminals, respectively. 3. The multilayer electronic component of claim 1, wherein upper surfaces of the first and second connection terminals are flat, the upper surfaces opposing the lower surfaces of the first and second connection terminals, respectively. 4. The multilayer electronic component of claim 1, wherein areas of upper surfaces of the first and second connection terminals are smaller than areas of the first and second band portions, respectively, the upper surfaces opposing the lower surfaces of the first and second connection terminals, respectively. 5. The multilayer electronic component of claim 1, wherein length-width cross sections of the first and second cutouts are arc shaped. 6. The multilayer electronic component of claim 1, wherein length-width cross sections of the first and second cutouts have a quadrangular shape. 7. The multilayer electronic component of claim 1, wherein the first and second cutouts are arranged and configured such that:
in a bottom view of the first surface of the multilayer electronic component, the first and second cutouts have a semi-circlular shape defined by straight lines and curved lines, respectively, and the straight lines are in contact with outermost side surfaces of the first and second connection terminals, respectively, and the curved lines extend inwardly in a length direction of the capacitor body in which the third and fourth surfaces oppose to each other, and the first and second cutouts are spaced apart from front and rear surfaces of the first and second connection terminals, respectively, in a width direction of the capacitor body in which the fifth and sixth surfaces oppose to each other. 8. The multilayer electronic component of claim 1, wherein the first and second connection terminals are comprised of a conductor. 9. The multilayer electronic component of claim 1, wherein the first and second connection terminals are comprised of an insulator, and
a conductor layer is disposed on a surface of each of the first and second connection terminals. 10. The multilayer electronic component of claim 1, wherein a conductive bonding layer is disposed between the first band portion and an upper surface of the first connection terminal and between the second band portion and an upper surface of the second connection terminal, the upper surfaces of the first and second connection terminals opposing the lower surfaces of the first and second connection terminals, respectively. 11. A board having a multilayer electronic component mounted thereon, the board comprising:
a substrate having first and second electrode pads on one surface of the substrate; and the multilayer electronic component according to claim 1, wherein the multilayer electronic component and the board are configured such that the first and second connection terminals of the multilayer electronic component are mounted on and connected to the first and second electrode pads, respectively. 12. A multilayer electronic component comprising:
a capacitor body having a first surface and a second surface opposing each other in a thickness direction of the capacitor body, a third surface and a fourth surface connected to the first and second surfaces and opposing each other in a length direction of the capacitor body, and a fifth surface and a sixth surface connected to the first, second, third, and fourth surfaces and opposing each other in a width direction of the capacitor body, the capacitor body including a dielectric layer and first and second internal electrodes having one ends exposed through the third and fourth surfaces, respectively; first and second external electrodes respectively including first and second connection portions disposed on the third and fourth surfaces of the capacitor body, respectively, and first and second band portions disposed on the first surface of the capacitor body and spaced apart from each other; and a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal disposed on the first and second band portions, respectively, wherein each of the first and second connection terminals includes a first-thickness portion and a second-thickness portion having thicknesses different from each other in the thickness direction, and the thickness of the second-thickness portion of each of the first and second connection terminals is smaller than a thickness of the first-thickness portion of each of the first and second connection terminals. 13. The multilayer electronic component of claim 12, wherein a lower surface of the second-thickness portion of each of the first and second connection terminals, in an opposite side of the first surface of the capacitor body, is higher in level than a lower surface of the first-thickness portion of each of the first and second connection terminals, based on a bottommost part of the multilayer electronic component. 14. The multilayer electronic component of claim 12, wherein the second-thickness portion of the first connection terminal extends from an outermost side surface of the first connection terminal to a portion of the first connection terminal in the length direction, and
wherein the second-thickness portion of the second connection terminal extends from an outermost side surface of the second connection terminal to a portion of the second connection terminal in the length direction. 15. The multilayer electronic component of claim 12, wherein the first and second connection terminals are symmetrical in shape based on a center axis of the multilayer electronic component. 16. The multilayer electronic component of claim 12, wherein the second-thickness portion of the first connection terminal is spaced apart from front and rear surfaces of the first connection terminal in the width direction, and
the second-thickness portion of the second connection terminal is spaced apart from front and rear surfaces of the second connection terminal in the width direction. 17. The multilayer electronic component of claim 12, wherein upper surfaces of the first and second connection terminals are flat, the upper surfaces opposing the lower surfaces of the first and second connection terminals, respectively. 18. The multilayer electronic component of claim 12, wherein areas of upper surfaces of the first and second connection terminals are smaller than areas of the first and second band portions, respectively, the upper surfaces opposing the lower surfaces of the first and second connection terminals, respectively. | A multilayer electronic component includes a capacitor body having first to six surfaces, the capacitor body including a dielectric layer and first and second internal electrodes having one ends exposed through the third and fourth sides, respectively, first and second external electrodes including first and second connection portions disposed on the third and fourth surfaces of the capacitor body, respectively, and first and second band portions spaced apart from each other on the first surface of the capacitor body, respectively, a first connection terminal disposed on the first band portion and having a first cutout disposed in a lower surface thereof, open toward the third surface of the capacitor body, and a second connection terminal disposed on the second band portion and having a second cutout formed in a lower surface thereof, open toward the fourth surface of the capacitor body.1. A multilayer electronic component comprising:
a capacitor body having a first surface, as a mounting surface, a second surface opposing the first surface, a third surface and a fourth surface connected to the first and second surfaces and opposing each other, and a fifth surface and a sixth surface connected to the first, second, third, and fourth surfaces and opposing each other, the capacitor body including a dielectric layer and first and second internal electrodes having one ends exposed through the third and fourth surfaces, respectively; first and second external electrodes respectively including first and second connection portions disposed on the third and fourth surfaces of the capacitor body, respectively, and first and second band portions disposed on the first surface of the capacitor body and spaced apart from each other; a first connection terminal disposed on the first band portion and having a first cutout defined in a lower surface of the first connection terminal opposing the first surface of the capacitor body, the first cutout being open toward the third surface of the capacitor body; and a second connection terminal disposed on the second band portion and having a second cutout defined in a lower surface of the second connection terminal opposing the first surface of the capacitor body, the second cutout being open toward the fourth surface of the capacitor body. 2. The multilayer electronic component of claim 1, wherein the first and second band portions include first and second solder accommodating portions below the first and second band portions, by the first and second cutouts, respectively, and
wherein the first and second solder accommodating portions are not in direct contact with the first and second band portions by upper surfaces of the first and second connection terminals, respectively, the upper surfaces opposing the lower surfaces of the first and second connection terminals, respectively. 3. The multilayer electronic component of claim 1, wherein upper surfaces of the first and second connection terminals are flat, the upper surfaces opposing the lower surfaces of the first and second connection terminals, respectively. 4. The multilayer electronic component of claim 1, wherein areas of upper surfaces of the first and second connection terminals are smaller than areas of the first and second band portions, respectively, the upper surfaces opposing the lower surfaces of the first and second connection terminals, respectively. 5. The multilayer electronic component of claim 1, wherein length-width cross sections of the first and second cutouts are arc shaped. 6. The multilayer electronic component of claim 1, wherein length-width cross sections of the first and second cutouts have a quadrangular shape. 7. The multilayer electronic component of claim 1, wherein the first and second cutouts are arranged and configured such that:
in a bottom view of the first surface of the multilayer electronic component, the first and second cutouts have a semi-circlular shape defined by straight lines and curved lines, respectively, and the straight lines are in contact with outermost side surfaces of the first and second connection terminals, respectively, and the curved lines extend inwardly in a length direction of the capacitor body in which the third and fourth surfaces oppose to each other, and the first and second cutouts are spaced apart from front and rear surfaces of the first and second connection terminals, respectively, in a width direction of the capacitor body in which the fifth and sixth surfaces oppose to each other. 8. The multilayer electronic component of claim 1, wherein the first and second connection terminals are comprised of a conductor. 9. The multilayer electronic component of claim 1, wherein the first and second connection terminals are comprised of an insulator, and
a conductor layer is disposed on a surface of each of the first and second connection terminals. 10. The multilayer electronic component of claim 1, wherein a conductive bonding layer is disposed between the first band portion and an upper surface of the first connection terminal and between the second band portion and an upper surface of the second connection terminal, the upper surfaces of the first and second connection terminals opposing the lower surfaces of the first and second connection terminals, respectively. 11. A board having a multilayer electronic component mounted thereon, the board comprising:
a substrate having first and second electrode pads on one surface of the substrate; and the multilayer electronic component according to claim 1, wherein the multilayer electronic component and the board are configured such that the first and second connection terminals of the multilayer electronic component are mounted on and connected to the first and second electrode pads, respectively. 12. A multilayer electronic component comprising:
a capacitor body having a first surface and a second surface opposing each other in a thickness direction of the capacitor body, a third surface and a fourth surface connected to the first and second surfaces and opposing each other in a length direction of the capacitor body, and a fifth surface and a sixth surface connected to the first, second, third, and fourth surfaces and opposing each other in a width direction of the capacitor body, the capacitor body including a dielectric layer and first and second internal electrodes having one ends exposed through the third and fourth surfaces, respectively; first and second external electrodes respectively including first and second connection portions disposed on the third and fourth surfaces of the capacitor body, respectively, and first and second band portions disposed on the first surface of the capacitor body and spaced apart from each other; and a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal disposed on the first and second band portions, respectively, wherein each of the first and second connection terminals includes a first-thickness portion and a second-thickness portion having thicknesses different from each other in the thickness direction, and the thickness of the second-thickness portion of each of the first and second connection terminals is smaller than a thickness of the first-thickness portion of each of the first and second connection terminals. 13. The multilayer electronic component of claim 12, wherein a lower surface of the second-thickness portion of each of the first and second connection terminals, in an opposite side of the first surface of the capacitor body, is higher in level than a lower surface of the first-thickness portion of each of the first and second connection terminals, based on a bottommost part of the multilayer electronic component. 14. The multilayer electronic component of claim 12, wherein the second-thickness portion of the first connection terminal extends from an outermost side surface of the first connection terminal to a portion of the first connection terminal in the length direction, and
wherein the second-thickness portion of the second connection terminal extends from an outermost side surface of the second connection terminal to a portion of the second connection terminal in the length direction. 15. The multilayer electronic component of claim 12, wherein the first and second connection terminals are symmetrical in shape based on a center axis of the multilayer electronic component. 16. The multilayer electronic component of claim 12, wherein the second-thickness portion of the first connection terminal is spaced apart from front and rear surfaces of the first connection terminal in the width direction, and
the second-thickness portion of the second connection terminal is spaced apart from front and rear surfaces of the second connection terminal in the width direction. 17. The multilayer electronic component of claim 12, wherein upper surfaces of the first and second connection terminals are flat, the upper surfaces opposing the lower surfaces of the first and second connection terminals, respectively. 18. The multilayer electronic component of claim 12, wherein areas of upper surfaces of the first and second connection terminals are smaller than areas of the first and second band portions, respectively, the upper surfaces opposing the lower surfaces of the first and second connection terminals, respectively. | 2,600 |
349,660 | 350,534 | 16,854,257 | 2,647 | Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, detecting an interferer having a periodic time of recurrence and a periodic spectral frequency range, identifying a spectral segment of a plurality of spectral segments of a wideband radio system having a time of occurrence and an operating frequency range that overlaps with the periodic time of recurrence and the periodic spectral frequency range of the interferer, identifying a communication device utilizing the spectral segment for transmitting data in accordance with a segment schedule assigned to the communication device, and generating an updated segment schedule by modifying the segment schedule of the communication device to avoid utilizing an affected portion of the spectral segment during the periodic time of recurrence and the periodic spectral frequency range of the interferer. Other embodiments are disclosed. | 1. A method, comprising:
identifying, by a system comprising a processor, a resource block of a plurality of resource blocks coincident with a periodic time of recurrence of an interferer, resulting in an affected resource block; and generating, by the system, an updated resource block schedule of a communication device including:
time shifting of at least a portion of the plurality of resource blocks to generate an updated time of occurrence of the affected resource block to reduce or eliminate an overlap with the periodic time of recurrence of the interferer; or
detecting that the interferer has a periodic spectral frequency range;
adjusting assignment via frequency shifting of at least a portion of the plurality of resource blocks to generate an updated spectral operating frequency range of the affected resource block to reduce or eliminate an overlap in frequency with the periodic spectral frequency range of the interferer; and
generating the updated resource block schedule according to the time shifting, the frequency shifting, or both. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein an affected portion of the affected resource block comprises a first sub-carrier of the affected resource block, and wherein the updated resource block schedule causes the communication device to avoid utilizing the first sub-carrier for transmitting data. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein a second sub-carrier of the affected resource block is not in the affected portion of the affected resource block, and wherein the updated resource block schedule causes the communication device to utilize the second sub-carrier for transmitting data. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the affected resource block has other times of occurrence that are not coincident with the periodic time of recurrence of the interferer, and wherein the updated resource block schedule causes the communication device to utilize the affected resource block during at least one of the other times of occurrence. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the generating the updated resource block schedule comprises generating an updated resource block schedule of a base station. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising detecting that the affected resource block is being used by the communication device for voice traffic and wherein the generating the updated resource block schedule comprises generating the updated resource block schedule responsive to the detecting that the affected resource block is being used by the communication device for voice traffic. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
measuring a plurality of power levels of at least another portion of the plurality of resource blocks resulting in power measurements; determining at least one baseline power level from at least a portion of the power measurements; and determining a threshold from the at least one baseline power level for detecting the interferer. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing a report including timing data or frequency data associated with the interferer. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising transmitting, by the system, the updated resource block schedule to the communication device. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the communication device comprises a cellular communication device and wherein the method further comprises:
storing interference information associated with the interferer in a database; and organizing the interference information associated with the interferer according to time stamps, an identity of a base station collecting the interference information, an identity of the communication device, and an identity of the interferer synthesized from spectral information. 11. A machine-readable storage device comprising instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations, the operations comprising:
identifying a spectral segment of a plurality of spectral segments that has an overlap with an interferer, wherein the overlap comprises overlapping with a periodic time of recurrence of the interferer and overlapping with a periodic spectral frequency range of the interferer, and wherein the identifying results in an affected spectral segment; and modifying a segment schedule resulting in an updated segment schedule utilized by a communication device, including:
adjusting assignment via time shifting of at least a portion of the plurality of spectral segments to generate an updated time of occurrence of the affected spectral segment to reduce or to eliminate an overlap with the periodic time of recurrence of the interferer, and modifying the segment schedule according to the time shifting; or
adjusting assignment via frequency shifting of at least a portion of the plurality of spectral segments to generate an updated operating frequency range of the affected spectral segment to reduce or to eliminate an overlap in frequency with the periodic spectral frequency range of the interferer, and modifying the segment schedule according to the time shifting, the frequency shifting or a combination of these. 12. The machine-readable storage device of claim 11, wherein the spectral segment has other times of occurrence that are not coincident with the periodic time of recurrence of the interferer, and wherein the updated segment schedule causes the communication device to utilize the spectral segment during at least one of the other time of occurrences. 13. The machine-readable storage device of claim 11, wherein the operations further comprise detecting that the affected spectral segment is being used at least in part for voice traffic, and modifying the segment schedule responsive to the detecting. 14. The machine-readable storage device of claim 11, wherein the processor is in a base station. 15. The machine-readable storage device of claim 11, wherein the communication device utilizes the affected spectral segment for transmitting data. 16. The machine-readable storage device of claim 11, wherein the communication device utilizes the affected spectral segment for transmitting voice traffic. 17. A communication device, comprising:
a processor; and a memory that stores executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, facilitate performance of operations, the operations comprising: identifying a spectral segment of a plurality of spectral segments that has a time of occurrence that overlaps with a periodic time of recurrence of an interferer or an operating frequency range that overlaps with a periodic spectral frequency range of the interferer, wherein the identifying results in an affected spectral segment; and transmitting a message requesting an updated segment schedule to avoid utilizing at least a portion of the affected spectral segment; wherein the updated segment schedule is generated by:
time shifting at least a portion of the plurality of spectral segments to generate an updated time of occurrence of the affected spectral segment to reduce or eliminate an overlap with the periodic time of recurrence of the interferer; and
modifying a segment schedule assigned to the communication device, according to the time shifting; or
adjusting assignment via frequency shifting of at least a portion of the plurality of spectral segments to generate an updated operating frequency range of the affected spectral segment to reduce or eliminate an overlap in frequency with the periodic spectral frequency range of the ; and
modifying a segment schedule, assigned to the communication device, according to the time shifting, the frequency shifting, or a combination thereof. 18. The communication device of claim 17, wherein the operations further comprise:
receiving the updated segment schedule; and utilizing the updated segment schedule to transmit data to avoid at least the portion of the affected spectral segment. 19. The communication device of claim 18, wherein the operations further comprise:
suggesting, by the communication device, a mitigation strategy to a base station, wherein the mitigation strategy comprises a time shift strategy, a frequency shift strategy, or both; and wherein the base station accepts the mitigation strategy. 20. The communication device of claim 19, wherein:
the mitigation strategy comprises a time shift strategy, a frequency shift strategy, or both, and wherein the base station rejects the mitigation strategy to provide an alternate strategy. | Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, detecting an interferer having a periodic time of recurrence and a periodic spectral frequency range, identifying a spectral segment of a plurality of spectral segments of a wideband radio system having a time of occurrence and an operating frequency range that overlaps with the periodic time of recurrence and the periodic spectral frequency range of the interferer, identifying a communication device utilizing the spectral segment for transmitting data in accordance with a segment schedule assigned to the communication device, and generating an updated segment schedule by modifying the segment schedule of the communication device to avoid utilizing an affected portion of the spectral segment during the periodic time of recurrence and the periodic spectral frequency range of the interferer. Other embodiments are disclosed.1. A method, comprising:
identifying, by a system comprising a processor, a resource block of a plurality of resource blocks coincident with a periodic time of recurrence of an interferer, resulting in an affected resource block; and generating, by the system, an updated resource block schedule of a communication device including:
time shifting of at least a portion of the plurality of resource blocks to generate an updated time of occurrence of the affected resource block to reduce or eliminate an overlap with the periodic time of recurrence of the interferer; or
detecting that the interferer has a periodic spectral frequency range;
adjusting assignment via frequency shifting of at least a portion of the plurality of resource blocks to generate an updated spectral operating frequency range of the affected resource block to reduce or eliminate an overlap in frequency with the periodic spectral frequency range of the interferer; and
generating the updated resource block schedule according to the time shifting, the frequency shifting, or both. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein an affected portion of the affected resource block comprises a first sub-carrier of the affected resource block, and wherein the updated resource block schedule causes the communication device to avoid utilizing the first sub-carrier for transmitting data. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein a second sub-carrier of the affected resource block is not in the affected portion of the affected resource block, and wherein the updated resource block schedule causes the communication device to utilize the second sub-carrier for transmitting data. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the affected resource block has other times of occurrence that are not coincident with the periodic time of recurrence of the interferer, and wherein the updated resource block schedule causes the communication device to utilize the affected resource block during at least one of the other times of occurrence. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the generating the updated resource block schedule comprises generating an updated resource block schedule of a base station. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising detecting that the affected resource block is being used by the communication device for voice traffic and wherein the generating the updated resource block schedule comprises generating the updated resource block schedule responsive to the detecting that the affected resource block is being used by the communication device for voice traffic. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
measuring a plurality of power levels of at least another portion of the plurality of resource blocks resulting in power measurements; determining at least one baseline power level from at least a portion of the power measurements; and determining a threshold from the at least one baseline power level for detecting the interferer. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing a report including timing data or frequency data associated with the interferer. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising transmitting, by the system, the updated resource block schedule to the communication device. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the communication device comprises a cellular communication device and wherein the method further comprises:
storing interference information associated with the interferer in a database; and organizing the interference information associated with the interferer according to time stamps, an identity of a base station collecting the interference information, an identity of the communication device, and an identity of the interferer synthesized from spectral information. 11. A machine-readable storage device comprising instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations, the operations comprising:
identifying a spectral segment of a plurality of spectral segments that has an overlap with an interferer, wherein the overlap comprises overlapping with a periodic time of recurrence of the interferer and overlapping with a periodic spectral frequency range of the interferer, and wherein the identifying results in an affected spectral segment; and modifying a segment schedule resulting in an updated segment schedule utilized by a communication device, including:
adjusting assignment via time shifting of at least a portion of the plurality of spectral segments to generate an updated time of occurrence of the affected spectral segment to reduce or to eliminate an overlap with the periodic time of recurrence of the interferer, and modifying the segment schedule according to the time shifting; or
adjusting assignment via frequency shifting of at least a portion of the plurality of spectral segments to generate an updated operating frequency range of the affected spectral segment to reduce or to eliminate an overlap in frequency with the periodic spectral frequency range of the interferer, and modifying the segment schedule according to the time shifting, the frequency shifting or a combination of these. 12. The machine-readable storage device of claim 11, wherein the spectral segment has other times of occurrence that are not coincident with the periodic time of recurrence of the interferer, and wherein the updated segment schedule causes the communication device to utilize the spectral segment during at least one of the other time of occurrences. 13. The machine-readable storage device of claim 11, wherein the operations further comprise detecting that the affected spectral segment is being used at least in part for voice traffic, and modifying the segment schedule responsive to the detecting. 14. The machine-readable storage device of claim 11, wherein the processor is in a base station. 15. The machine-readable storage device of claim 11, wherein the communication device utilizes the affected spectral segment for transmitting data. 16. The machine-readable storage device of claim 11, wherein the communication device utilizes the affected spectral segment for transmitting voice traffic. 17. A communication device, comprising:
a processor; and a memory that stores executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, facilitate performance of operations, the operations comprising: identifying a spectral segment of a plurality of spectral segments that has a time of occurrence that overlaps with a periodic time of recurrence of an interferer or an operating frequency range that overlaps with a periodic spectral frequency range of the interferer, wherein the identifying results in an affected spectral segment; and transmitting a message requesting an updated segment schedule to avoid utilizing at least a portion of the affected spectral segment; wherein the updated segment schedule is generated by:
time shifting at least a portion of the plurality of spectral segments to generate an updated time of occurrence of the affected spectral segment to reduce or eliminate an overlap with the periodic time of recurrence of the interferer; and
modifying a segment schedule assigned to the communication device, according to the time shifting; or
adjusting assignment via frequency shifting of at least a portion of the plurality of spectral segments to generate an updated operating frequency range of the affected spectral segment to reduce or eliminate an overlap in frequency with the periodic spectral frequency range of the ; and
modifying a segment schedule, assigned to the communication device, according to the time shifting, the frequency shifting, or a combination thereof. 18. The communication device of claim 17, wherein the operations further comprise:
receiving the updated segment schedule; and utilizing the updated segment schedule to transmit data to avoid at least the portion of the affected spectral segment. 19. The communication device of claim 18, wherein the operations further comprise:
suggesting, by the communication device, a mitigation strategy to a base station, wherein the mitigation strategy comprises a time shift strategy, a frequency shift strategy, or both; and wherein the base station accepts the mitigation strategy. 20. The communication device of claim 19, wherein:
the mitigation strategy comprises a time shift strategy, a frequency shift strategy, or both, and wherein the base station rejects the mitigation strategy to provide an alternate strategy. | 2,600 |
349,661 | 350,535 | 16,854,233 | 2,647 | An aerosol delivery device includes a housing structured to retain an aerosol precursor composition, and an aerosol production component. The aerosol delivery device includes processing circuitry configured to operate in an active mode to control power to the aerosol production component to produce an aerosol from the aerosol precursor composition. The aerosol delivery device also has a user interface including a pressure-sensitive surface and a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is configured to measure pressure, and generate a corresponding signal, as a function of force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface. The processing circuitry is also configured to receive the corresponding signal and identify an operation based on a level of the corresponding signal and thereby an amount of the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface. The processing circuitry is also configured to execute the operation in response to the corresponding signal and thereby the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface. | 1. An aerosol delivery device comprising:
a housing structured to retain an aerosol precursor composition; an aerosol production component; processing circuitry configured to operate in an active mode in which the processing circuitry is configured to control power to the aerosol production component to cause the aerosol production component to activate and produce an aerosol from the aerosol precursor composition; and a user interface including a pressure-sensitive surface and a pressure sensor configured to measure pressure, and generate a corresponding signal, as a function of force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to at least:
receive the corresponding signal;
identify an operation from a plurality of operations based on a level of the corresponding signal and thereby an amount of the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface, different ones of the plurality of operations identifiable based on different levels of the corresponding signal and thereby different amounts of force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface; and
execute the operation in response to the corresponding signal and thereby the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface. 2. The aerosol delivery device of claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor is a strain gauge sensor. 3. The aerosol delivery device of claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor is a force sense device. 4. The aerosol delivery device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of operations includes operations to control an operating parameter of the aerosol production component, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation includes the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation to control the operating parameter of the aerosol production component. 5. The aerosol delivery device of claim 4, wherein the operation to control the operating parameter of the aerosol production component comprises an operation to control the power to deliver respective levels of power to the aerosol production component, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation includes the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation to control the power to deliver a first of the respective levels of power to the aerosol production component. 6. The aerosol delivery device of claim 5, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to:
receive a second corresponding signal from the pressure sensor; identify a second operation from the plurality of operations based on the level of the second corresponding signal and thereby a second amount of the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface; and execute the second operation to control the power to deliver a second of the respective levels of power to the aerosol production component. 7. The aerosol delivery device of claim 5 further comprising a flow sensor configured to detect a flow of air through at least a portion of the aerosol delivery device,
wherein the processing circuitry is configured to execute the operation to control the power to deliver the first of the respective levels only when the flow of air is also detected. 8. The aerosol delivery device of claim 5, wherein the user interface includes an indicator, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation further includes the processing circuitry configured to control the indicator to provide user-perceptible feedback indicating the first of the respective levels of power delivered to the aerosol production component. 9. The aerosol delivery device of claim 1, wherein the user interface includes an indicator, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation includes the processing circuitry configured to control the indicator to provide user-perceptible feedback indicating a remaining amount of the aerosol precursor composition retained by the housing. 10. The aerosol delivery device of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to:
receive a sequence of corresponding signals from the pressure sensor; identify a second operation from the plurality of operations based on levels of the sequence of corresponding signals and thereby a sequence of amounts of the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface; and execute the second operation in response to the sequence of corresponding signals and thereby the sequence of amounts of the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface. 11. The aerosol delivery device of claim 10, wherein the second operation is a lock or unlock operation, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the second operation includes the processing circuitry configured to alter a locked state of the aerosol delivery device. 12. The aerosol delivery device of claim 1, wherein the operation is a lock or unlock operation, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation includes the processing circuitry configured to alter a locked state of the aerosol delivery device. 13. A control body for an aerosol delivery device, the control body comprising:
processing circuitry configured to operate in an active mode in which the processing circuitry is configured to control power to an aerosol production component to cause the aerosol production component to activate and produce an aerosol from an aerosol precursor composition; and a user interface including a pressure-sensitive surface and a pressure sensor configured to measure pressure and generate a corresponding signal as a function of force applied to the pressure sensitive surface, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to at least:
receive the corresponding signal;
identify an operation from a plurality of operations based on a level of the corresponding signal and thereby an amount of the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface, different ones of the plurality of operations identifiable based on different levels of the corresponding signal and thereby different amounts of force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface; and
execute the operation in response to the corresponding signal and thereby the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface. 14. The control body of claim 13, wherein the pressure sensor is a strain gauge sensor. 15. The control body of claim 13, wherein the pressure sensor is a force sense device. 16. The control body of claim 13, wherein the plurality of operations includes operations to control an operating parameter of the aerosol production component, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation includes the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation to control the operating parameter of the aerosol production component. 17. The control body of claim 16, wherein the operation to control the operating parameter of the aerosol production component comprises an operation to control the power to deliver respective levels of power to the aerosol production component, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation includes the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation to control the power to deliver a first of the respective levels of power to the aerosol production component. 18. The control body of claim 15, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to:
receive a second corresponding signal from the pressure sensor; identify a second operation from the plurality of operations based on the level of the second corresponding signal and thereby a second amount of the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface; and execute the second operation to control the power to deliver a second of the respective levels of power to the aerosol production component. 19. The control body of claim 15 further comprising a flow sensor configured to detect a flow of air through at least a portion of the control body,
wherein the processing circuitry is configured to execute the operation to control the power to deliver the first of the respective levels only when the flow of air is also detected. 20. The control body of claim 15, wherein the user interface includes an indicator, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation further includes the processing circuitry configured to control the indicator to provide user-perceptible feedback indicating the first of the respective levels of power delivered to the aerosol production component. 21. The control body of claim 12, wherein the user interface includes an indicator, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation includes the processing circuitry configured to control the indicator to provide user-perceptible feedback indicating a remaining amount of the aerosol precursor composition. 22. The control body of claim 12, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to:
receive a sequence of corresponding signals from the pressure sensor; identify a second operation from the plurality of operations based on levels of the sequence of corresponding signals and thereby a sequence of amounts of the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface; and execute the second operation in response to the sequence of corresponding signals and thereby the sequence of amounts of the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface. 23. The control body of claim 20, wherein the second operation is a lock or unlock operation, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the second operation includes the processing circuitry configured to alter a locked state of the control body. 24. The control body of claim 12, wherein the operation is a lock or unlock operation, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation includes the processing circuitry configured to alter a locked state of the control body. | An aerosol delivery device includes a housing structured to retain an aerosol precursor composition, and an aerosol production component. The aerosol delivery device includes processing circuitry configured to operate in an active mode to control power to the aerosol production component to produce an aerosol from the aerosol precursor composition. The aerosol delivery device also has a user interface including a pressure-sensitive surface and a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is configured to measure pressure, and generate a corresponding signal, as a function of force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface. The processing circuitry is also configured to receive the corresponding signal and identify an operation based on a level of the corresponding signal and thereby an amount of the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface. The processing circuitry is also configured to execute the operation in response to the corresponding signal and thereby the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface.1. An aerosol delivery device comprising:
a housing structured to retain an aerosol precursor composition; an aerosol production component; processing circuitry configured to operate in an active mode in which the processing circuitry is configured to control power to the aerosol production component to cause the aerosol production component to activate and produce an aerosol from the aerosol precursor composition; and a user interface including a pressure-sensitive surface and a pressure sensor configured to measure pressure, and generate a corresponding signal, as a function of force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to at least:
receive the corresponding signal;
identify an operation from a plurality of operations based on a level of the corresponding signal and thereby an amount of the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface, different ones of the plurality of operations identifiable based on different levels of the corresponding signal and thereby different amounts of force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface; and
execute the operation in response to the corresponding signal and thereby the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface. 2. The aerosol delivery device of claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor is a strain gauge sensor. 3. The aerosol delivery device of claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor is a force sense device. 4. The aerosol delivery device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of operations includes operations to control an operating parameter of the aerosol production component, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation includes the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation to control the operating parameter of the aerosol production component. 5. The aerosol delivery device of claim 4, wherein the operation to control the operating parameter of the aerosol production component comprises an operation to control the power to deliver respective levels of power to the aerosol production component, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation includes the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation to control the power to deliver a first of the respective levels of power to the aerosol production component. 6. The aerosol delivery device of claim 5, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to:
receive a second corresponding signal from the pressure sensor; identify a second operation from the plurality of operations based on the level of the second corresponding signal and thereby a second amount of the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface; and execute the second operation to control the power to deliver a second of the respective levels of power to the aerosol production component. 7. The aerosol delivery device of claim 5 further comprising a flow sensor configured to detect a flow of air through at least a portion of the aerosol delivery device,
wherein the processing circuitry is configured to execute the operation to control the power to deliver the first of the respective levels only when the flow of air is also detected. 8. The aerosol delivery device of claim 5, wherein the user interface includes an indicator, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation further includes the processing circuitry configured to control the indicator to provide user-perceptible feedback indicating the first of the respective levels of power delivered to the aerosol production component. 9. The aerosol delivery device of claim 1, wherein the user interface includes an indicator, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation includes the processing circuitry configured to control the indicator to provide user-perceptible feedback indicating a remaining amount of the aerosol precursor composition retained by the housing. 10. The aerosol delivery device of claim 1, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to:
receive a sequence of corresponding signals from the pressure sensor; identify a second operation from the plurality of operations based on levels of the sequence of corresponding signals and thereby a sequence of amounts of the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface; and execute the second operation in response to the sequence of corresponding signals and thereby the sequence of amounts of the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface. 11. The aerosol delivery device of claim 10, wherein the second operation is a lock or unlock operation, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the second operation includes the processing circuitry configured to alter a locked state of the aerosol delivery device. 12. The aerosol delivery device of claim 1, wherein the operation is a lock or unlock operation, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation includes the processing circuitry configured to alter a locked state of the aerosol delivery device. 13. A control body for an aerosol delivery device, the control body comprising:
processing circuitry configured to operate in an active mode in which the processing circuitry is configured to control power to an aerosol production component to cause the aerosol production component to activate and produce an aerosol from an aerosol precursor composition; and a user interface including a pressure-sensitive surface and a pressure sensor configured to measure pressure and generate a corresponding signal as a function of force applied to the pressure sensitive surface, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to at least:
receive the corresponding signal;
identify an operation from a plurality of operations based on a level of the corresponding signal and thereby an amount of the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface, different ones of the plurality of operations identifiable based on different levels of the corresponding signal and thereby different amounts of force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface; and
execute the operation in response to the corresponding signal and thereby the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface. 14. The control body of claim 13, wherein the pressure sensor is a strain gauge sensor. 15. The control body of claim 13, wherein the pressure sensor is a force sense device. 16. The control body of claim 13, wherein the plurality of operations includes operations to control an operating parameter of the aerosol production component, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation includes the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation to control the operating parameter of the aerosol production component. 17. The control body of claim 16, wherein the operation to control the operating parameter of the aerosol production component comprises an operation to control the power to deliver respective levels of power to the aerosol production component, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation includes the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation to control the power to deliver a first of the respective levels of power to the aerosol production component. 18. The control body of claim 15, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to:
receive a second corresponding signal from the pressure sensor; identify a second operation from the plurality of operations based on the level of the second corresponding signal and thereby a second amount of the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface; and execute the second operation to control the power to deliver a second of the respective levels of power to the aerosol production component. 19. The control body of claim 15 further comprising a flow sensor configured to detect a flow of air through at least a portion of the control body,
wherein the processing circuitry is configured to execute the operation to control the power to deliver the first of the respective levels only when the flow of air is also detected. 20. The control body of claim 15, wherein the user interface includes an indicator, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation further includes the processing circuitry configured to control the indicator to provide user-perceptible feedback indicating the first of the respective levels of power delivered to the aerosol production component. 21. The control body of claim 12, wherein the user interface includes an indicator, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation includes the processing circuitry configured to control the indicator to provide user-perceptible feedback indicating a remaining amount of the aerosol precursor composition. 22. The control body of claim 12, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to:
receive a sequence of corresponding signals from the pressure sensor; identify a second operation from the plurality of operations based on levels of the sequence of corresponding signals and thereby a sequence of amounts of the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface; and execute the second operation in response to the sequence of corresponding signals and thereby the sequence of amounts of the force applied to the pressure-sensitive surface. 23. The control body of claim 20, wherein the second operation is a lock or unlock operation, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the second operation includes the processing circuitry configured to alter a locked state of the control body. 24. The control body of claim 12, wherein the operation is a lock or unlock operation, and the processing circuitry configured to execute the operation includes the processing circuitry configured to alter a locked state of the control body. | 2,600 |
349,662 | 350,536 | 16,854,290 | 1,765 | A powder composition suitable for use in laser sintering for printing a three-dimensional object. The powder composition includes a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) powder having a plurality of particles. The plurality of particles having a mean diameter of D50. The composition includes a plurality of carbon fibers having a mean length L50. L50 is greater than D50. The particles are substantially non-spherical. A portion of the carbon fiber is embedded into the particle via high intensity mixing. | 1. A powder composition suitable for use in laser sintering for printing a three-dimensional object, the powder composition comprising:
a first fraction comprising a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) powder having a plurality of particles, the plurality of particles having a mean diameter D50 greater than 20 μm; a second fraction comprising a plurality of carbon fibers, the plurality of particles having a mean length L50; wherein L50 is greater than D50. 2. The powder composition of claim 1, wherein the L50 is between D50 and a D90 of the plurality of particles of the first fraction. 3. The powder composition of claim 1, wherein the L50 is between D50 and 90 μm. 4. The powder composition of claim 3, wherein the PEKK particles are substantially non-spherical. 5. The powder composition of claim 4, wherein the second fraction is between 5% and 30% of the powder composition by weight. 6. The powder composition of claim 5, wherein the L50 is between D50 and 80 μm. 7. The powder composition of claim 3, wherein the D50 is between 40 and 70 μm. 8. A three dimensional object obtained from a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) powder by selective laser sintering by applying a layer of the powder on a bed of a laser sintering machine, solidifying selected points of the applied layer of powder by irradiation, successively repeating the step of applying the powder and the step of solidifying the applied layer of powder until all cross sections of the three-dimensional object are solidified, wherein the powder has the following structural characteristics:
a first fraction comprising a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) powder having a plurality of particles, the plurality of particles having a mean diameter D50 greater than 20 μm; a second fraction comprising a plurality of carbon fibers, the plurality of particles having a mean length L50; wherein L50 is greater than D50. 9. The powder composition of claim 8, wherein the L50 is between D50 and a D90 of the plurality of particles of the first fraction. 10. The powder composition of claim 8, wherein the L50 is between D50 and 90 μm. 11. The powder composition of claim 10, wherein the PEKK particles are substantially non-spherical. 12. The powder composition of claim 11, wherein the second fraction is between 5% and 30% of the powder composition by weight. 13. The powder composition of claim 12, wherein the L50 is between D50 and 80 μm. 14. The powder composition of claim 10, wherein the D50 is between 40 and 70 μm. 15. A method of preparing a powder composition suitable for use in laser sintering for printing a three-dimensional object, the method including the steps of:
providing a first fraction comprising a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) powder having a plurality of particles, the plurality of particles having a mean diameter D50 greater than 20 μm; a second fraction comprising a plurality of carbon fibers, the plurality of particles having a mean length L50, L50 being greater than D50; mixing the first fraction with the second fraction to obtain the powder composition suitable for use in selective laser sintering. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising the step of:
grinding a PAEK flake to form the PAEK particles, the PAEK particles being substantially non-spherical. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the step of mixing further comprises mixing the first fraction and the second fraction in a high intensity mixer. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising the step of:
embedding a portion of the plurality of the carbon fibers into a portion of the plurality of particles of the PAEK powder via the high intensity mixing. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising the step of:
mixing the first fraction with the second fraction in the high intensity mixer for an operation speed of greater than 500 rpm for at least one minute. 20. The method of claim 14, further comprising the step of:
heat treating the PAEK powder before the grinding step to evaporate any impurities. | A powder composition suitable for use in laser sintering for printing a three-dimensional object. The powder composition includes a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) powder having a plurality of particles. The plurality of particles having a mean diameter of D50. The composition includes a plurality of carbon fibers having a mean length L50. L50 is greater than D50. The particles are substantially non-spherical. A portion of the carbon fiber is embedded into the particle via high intensity mixing.1. A powder composition suitable for use in laser sintering for printing a three-dimensional object, the powder composition comprising:
a first fraction comprising a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) powder having a plurality of particles, the plurality of particles having a mean diameter D50 greater than 20 μm; a second fraction comprising a plurality of carbon fibers, the plurality of particles having a mean length L50; wherein L50 is greater than D50. 2. The powder composition of claim 1, wherein the L50 is between D50 and a D90 of the plurality of particles of the first fraction. 3. The powder composition of claim 1, wherein the L50 is between D50 and 90 μm. 4. The powder composition of claim 3, wherein the PEKK particles are substantially non-spherical. 5. The powder composition of claim 4, wherein the second fraction is between 5% and 30% of the powder composition by weight. 6. The powder composition of claim 5, wherein the L50 is between D50 and 80 μm. 7. The powder composition of claim 3, wherein the D50 is between 40 and 70 μm. 8. A three dimensional object obtained from a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) powder by selective laser sintering by applying a layer of the powder on a bed of a laser sintering machine, solidifying selected points of the applied layer of powder by irradiation, successively repeating the step of applying the powder and the step of solidifying the applied layer of powder until all cross sections of the three-dimensional object are solidified, wherein the powder has the following structural characteristics:
a first fraction comprising a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) powder having a plurality of particles, the plurality of particles having a mean diameter D50 greater than 20 μm; a second fraction comprising a plurality of carbon fibers, the plurality of particles having a mean length L50; wherein L50 is greater than D50. 9. The powder composition of claim 8, wherein the L50 is between D50 and a D90 of the plurality of particles of the first fraction. 10. The powder composition of claim 8, wherein the L50 is between D50 and 90 μm. 11. The powder composition of claim 10, wherein the PEKK particles are substantially non-spherical. 12. The powder composition of claim 11, wherein the second fraction is between 5% and 30% of the powder composition by weight. 13. The powder composition of claim 12, wherein the L50 is between D50 and 80 μm. 14. The powder composition of claim 10, wherein the D50 is between 40 and 70 μm. 15. A method of preparing a powder composition suitable for use in laser sintering for printing a three-dimensional object, the method including the steps of:
providing a first fraction comprising a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) powder having a plurality of particles, the plurality of particles having a mean diameter D50 greater than 20 μm; a second fraction comprising a plurality of carbon fibers, the plurality of particles having a mean length L50, L50 being greater than D50; mixing the first fraction with the second fraction to obtain the powder composition suitable for use in selective laser sintering. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising the step of:
grinding a PAEK flake to form the PAEK particles, the PAEK particles being substantially non-spherical. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the step of mixing further comprises mixing the first fraction and the second fraction in a high intensity mixer. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising the step of:
embedding a portion of the plurality of the carbon fibers into a portion of the plurality of particles of the PAEK powder via the high intensity mixing. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising the step of:
mixing the first fraction with the second fraction in the high intensity mixer for an operation speed of greater than 500 rpm for at least one minute. 20. The method of claim 14, further comprising the step of:
heat treating the PAEK powder before the grinding step to evaporate any impurities. | 1,700 |
349,663 | 350,537 | 16,854,292 | 1,765 | A powder composition suitable for use in laser sintering for printing a three-dimensional object. The powder composition includes a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) powder having a plurality of particles. The plurality of particles having a mean diameter of D50. The composition includes a plurality of carbon fibers having a mean length L50. L50 is greater than D50. The particles are substantially non-spherical. A portion of the carbon fiber is embedded into the particle via high intensity mixing. | 1. A powder composition suitable for use in laser sintering for printing a three-dimensional object, the powder composition comprising:
a first fraction comprising a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) powder having a plurality of particles, the plurality of particles having a mean diameter D50 greater than 20 μm; a second fraction comprising a plurality of carbon fibers, the plurality of particles having a mean length L50; wherein L50 is greater than D50. 2. The powder composition of claim 1, wherein the L50 is between D50 and a D90 of the plurality of particles of the first fraction. 3. The powder composition of claim 1, wherein the L50 is between D50 and 90 μm. 4. The powder composition of claim 3, wherein the PEKK particles are substantially non-spherical. 5. The powder composition of claim 4, wherein the second fraction is between 5% and 30% of the powder composition by weight. 6. The powder composition of claim 5, wherein the L50 is between D50 and 80 μm. 7. The powder composition of claim 3, wherein the D50 is between 40 and 70 μm. 8. A three dimensional object obtained from a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) powder by selective laser sintering by applying a layer of the powder on a bed of a laser sintering machine, solidifying selected points of the applied layer of powder by irradiation, successively repeating the step of applying the powder and the step of solidifying the applied layer of powder until all cross sections of the three-dimensional object are solidified, wherein the powder has the following structural characteristics:
a first fraction comprising a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) powder having a plurality of particles, the plurality of particles having a mean diameter D50 greater than 20 μm; a second fraction comprising a plurality of carbon fibers, the plurality of particles having a mean length L50; wherein L50 is greater than D50. 9. The powder composition of claim 8, wherein the L50 is between D50 and a D90 of the plurality of particles of the first fraction. 10. The powder composition of claim 8, wherein the L50 is between D50 and 90 μm. 11. The powder composition of claim 10, wherein the PEKK particles are substantially non-spherical. 12. The powder composition of claim 11, wherein the second fraction is between 5% and 30% of the powder composition by weight. 13. The powder composition of claim 12, wherein the L50 is between D50 and 80 μm. 14. The powder composition of claim 10, wherein the D50 is between 40 and 70 μm. 15. A method of preparing a powder composition suitable for use in laser sintering for printing a three-dimensional object, the method including the steps of:
providing a first fraction comprising a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) powder having a plurality of particles, the plurality of particles having a mean diameter D50 greater than 20 μm; a second fraction comprising a plurality of carbon fibers, the plurality of particles having a mean length L50, L50 being greater than D50; mixing the first fraction with the second fraction to obtain the powder composition suitable for use in selective laser sintering. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising the step of:
grinding a PAEK flake to form the PAEK particles, the PAEK particles being substantially non-spherical. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the step of mixing further comprises mixing the first fraction and the second fraction in a high intensity mixer. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising the step of:
embedding a portion of the plurality of the carbon fibers into a portion of the plurality of particles of the PAEK powder via the high intensity mixing. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising the step of:
mixing the first fraction with the second fraction in the high intensity mixer for an operation speed of greater than 500 rpm for at least one minute. 20. The method of claim 14, further comprising the step of:
heat treating the PAEK powder before the grinding step to evaporate any impurities. | A powder composition suitable for use in laser sintering for printing a three-dimensional object. The powder composition includes a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) powder having a plurality of particles. The plurality of particles having a mean diameter of D50. The composition includes a plurality of carbon fibers having a mean length L50. L50 is greater than D50. The particles are substantially non-spherical. A portion of the carbon fiber is embedded into the particle via high intensity mixing.1. A powder composition suitable for use in laser sintering for printing a three-dimensional object, the powder composition comprising:
a first fraction comprising a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) powder having a plurality of particles, the plurality of particles having a mean diameter D50 greater than 20 μm; a second fraction comprising a plurality of carbon fibers, the plurality of particles having a mean length L50; wherein L50 is greater than D50. 2. The powder composition of claim 1, wherein the L50 is between D50 and a D90 of the plurality of particles of the first fraction. 3. The powder composition of claim 1, wherein the L50 is between D50 and 90 μm. 4. The powder composition of claim 3, wherein the PEKK particles are substantially non-spherical. 5. The powder composition of claim 4, wherein the second fraction is between 5% and 30% of the powder composition by weight. 6. The powder composition of claim 5, wherein the L50 is between D50 and 80 μm. 7. The powder composition of claim 3, wherein the D50 is between 40 and 70 μm. 8. A three dimensional object obtained from a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) powder by selective laser sintering by applying a layer of the powder on a bed of a laser sintering machine, solidifying selected points of the applied layer of powder by irradiation, successively repeating the step of applying the powder and the step of solidifying the applied layer of powder until all cross sections of the three-dimensional object are solidified, wherein the powder has the following structural characteristics:
a first fraction comprising a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) powder having a plurality of particles, the plurality of particles having a mean diameter D50 greater than 20 μm; a second fraction comprising a plurality of carbon fibers, the plurality of particles having a mean length L50; wherein L50 is greater than D50. 9. The powder composition of claim 8, wherein the L50 is between D50 and a D90 of the plurality of particles of the first fraction. 10. The powder composition of claim 8, wherein the L50 is between D50 and 90 μm. 11. The powder composition of claim 10, wherein the PEKK particles are substantially non-spherical. 12. The powder composition of claim 11, wherein the second fraction is between 5% and 30% of the powder composition by weight. 13. The powder composition of claim 12, wherein the L50 is between D50 and 80 μm. 14. The powder composition of claim 10, wherein the D50 is between 40 and 70 μm. 15. A method of preparing a powder composition suitable for use in laser sintering for printing a three-dimensional object, the method including the steps of:
providing a first fraction comprising a polyaryletherketone (PAEK) powder having a plurality of particles, the plurality of particles having a mean diameter D50 greater than 20 μm; a second fraction comprising a plurality of carbon fibers, the plurality of particles having a mean length L50, L50 being greater than D50; mixing the first fraction with the second fraction to obtain the powder composition suitable for use in selective laser sintering. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising the step of:
grinding a PAEK flake to form the PAEK particles, the PAEK particles being substantially non-spherical. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the step of mixing further comprises mixing the first fraction and the second fraction in a high intensity mixer. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising the step of:
embedding a portion of the plurality of the carbon fibers into a portion of the plurality of particles of the PAEK powder via the high intensity mixing. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising the step of:
mixing the first fraction with the second fraction in the high intensity mixer for an operation speed of greater than 500 rpm for at least one minute. 20. The method of claim 14, further comprising the step of:
heat treating the PAEK powder before the grinding step to evaporate any impurities. | 1,700 |
349,664 | 350,538 | 16,854,276 | 1,765 | A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes forming a shared source/drain connection at a first planar level to connect a first source/drain contact structure disposed on a first source/drain region to a second source/drain contact structure disposed on a second source/drain region, and forming a shared gate connection to connect a first gate structure to a second gate structure. The shared gate connection is formed at a second planar level different from the first planar level to reduce parasitic capacitance between the shared source/drain connection and the shared gate connection. | 1. A method for fabricating a semiconductor device, comprising:
forming a shared source/drain connection at a first planar level to connect a first source/drain contact structure disposed on a first source/drain region to a second source/drain contact structure disposed on a second source/drain region; and forming a shared gate connection to connect a first gate structure to a second gate structure, the shared gate connection being formed at a second planar level different from the first planar level to reduce parasitic capacitance between the shared source/drain connection and the shared gate connection. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first planar level is below the second planar level. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
forming, within an interlevel dielectric (ILD) layer, a first dielectric layer between the first and second source/drain regions; forming, within a dummy gate, a second dielectric layer between a first channel structure and a second channel structure, the first and second dielectric layers including different materials to support selective etching between the different materials; replacing the dummy gate with a gate structure layer including the first and second gate structures; and after removing the ILD layer, forming a gate contact structure layer including the first and second source/drain contact structures. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the first dielectric layer includes silicon carbide and the second dielectric layer includes silicon nitride. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein forming the shared source/drain connection further includes:
removing the first dielectric layer selective to the second dielectric to form an opening; filling the opening with a conductive material; and recessing the conductive material to form the shared source/drain connection at the first planar level between the first and second source/drain contact structures. 6. The method of claim 3, wherein forming the shared gate connection further includes:
forming a third dielectric layer on the shared source/drain connection to separate the first and second source/drain contact structures, the third dielectric layer including a different material from the second dielectric layer to support selective etching between the second and third dielectric materials; etching back the second dielectric layer selective to the third dielectric layer to form an opening; filling the opening with a conductive material; and recessing the conductive material to form the shared gate connection at the second planar level between the first and second gate structures. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
forming a first source/drain contact on the first source/drain contact structure; forming a second source/drain contact on the second source/drain contact structure; and forming a gate contact on the shared gate connection. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second gate structures are disposed about respective first and second nanosheet channel structures. 9. A method for fabricating a semiconductor device, comprising:
forming a first gate structure about a first nanosheet channel structure and a second gate structure about a second nanosheet channel structure, the first and second gate structures corresponding to respective portions of a gate structure layer; forming a first source/drain contact structure on a first source/drain region and a second source/drain contact structure on a second source/drain region, the first and second source/drain contact structures corresponding to respective portions of a source/drain contact structure layer; connecting the first and second source/drain contact structures by forming a shared source/drain connection at a first planar level; and connecting the first and second gate structures by forming a shared gate connection at a second planar level different from the first planar level to reduce parasitic capacitance between the shared source/drain connection and the shared gate connection. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the first planar level is below the second planar level. 11. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
forming, within an interlevel dielectric (ILD) layer, a first dielectric layer between the first and second source/drain regions; forming, within a dummy gate, a second dielectric layer between the first and second nanosheet channel structures, the first and second dielectric layers including different materials to support selective etching between the different materials; replacing the dummy gate with the gate structure layer; and after removing the ILD layer, forming the gate contact structure layer. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the first dielectric layer includes silicon carbide and the second dielectric layer includes silicon nitride. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein connecting the first and second portions of the source/drain contact structure by forming the shared source/drain connection at the first planar level further includes:
removing the first dielectric layer selective to the second dielectric to form an opening; filling the opening with a conductive material; and recessing the conductive material to form the shared source/drain connection at the first planar level between the first and second source/drain contact structures. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein connecting the first and second portions of the gate structure by forming the shared gate connection at the second planar level further includes:
forming a third dielectric layer on the shared source/drain connection to separate the first and second source/drain contact structures, the third dielectric layer including a different material from the second dielectric layer to support selective etching between the second and third dielectric materials; etching back the second dielectric layer selective to the third dielectric layer to form an opening; filling the opening with a conductive material; and recessing the conductive material to form the shared gate connection at the second planar level between the first and second gate structures. 15. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
forming a first source/drain contact on the first source/drain contact structure; forming a second source/drain contact on the second source/drain contact structure; and forming a gate contact on the shared gate connection. 16. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first source/drain region and a second source/drain region disposed on a substrate; a first source/drain contact structure disposed on the first source/drain region and a second source/drain contact structure disposed on the second source/drain region; a shared source/drain connection connecting the first and second source/drain contact structures at a first planar level; a first gate structure and a second gate structure disposed on the substrate; and a shared gate connection connecting the first and second gate structures at a second planar level different from the first planar level to reduce parasitic capacitance between the shared source/drain connection and the shared gate connection. 17. The device of claim 16, wherein the first and second gate structures are disposed about respective first and second nanosheet channel structures. 18. The device of claim 16, wherein the first planar level is below the second planar level. 19. The device of claim 18, further comprising:
a first dielectric layer including a first material above the shared source/drain connection; and a second dielectric layer underneath the shared gate connection, the first and second dielectric layers including different materials selected to support selective etching between the different materials. 20. The device of claim 18, further comprising:
a first source/drain contact and a second source/drain contact disposed on respective ones of the first and second source/drain contact structures; and a gate contact disposed on the shared gate connection. | A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes forming a shared source/drain connection at a first planar level to connect a first source/drain contact structure disposed on a first source/drain region to a second source/drain contact structure disposed on a second source/drain region, and forming a shared gate connection to connect a first gate structure to a second gate structure. The shared gate connection is formed at a second planar level different from the first planar level to reduce parasitic capacitance between the shared source/drain connection and the shared gate connection.1. A method for fabricating a semiconductor device, comprising:
forming a shared source/drain connection at a first planar level to connect a first source/drain contact structure disposed on a first source/drain region to a second source/drain contact structure disposed on a second source/drain region; and forming a shared gate connection to connect a first gate structure to a second gate structure, the shared gate connection being formed at a second planar level different from the first planar level to reduce parasitic capacitance between the shared source/drain connection and the shared gate connection. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first planar level is below the second planar level. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
forming, within an interlevel dielectric (ILD) layer, a first dielectric layer between the first and second source/drain regions; forming, within a dummy gate, a second dielectric layer between a first channel structure and a second channel structure, the first and second dielectric layers including different materials to support selective etching between the different materials; replacing the dummy gate with a gate structure layer including the first and second gate structures; and after removing the ILD layer, forming a gate contact structure layer including the first and second source/drain contact structures. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the first dielectric layer includes silicon carbide and the second dielectric layer includes silicon nitride. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein forming the shared source/drain connection further includes:
removing the first dielectric layer selective to the second dielectric to form an opening; filling the opening with a conductive material; and recessing the conductive material to form the shared source/drain connection at the first planar level between the first and second source/drain contact structures. 6. The method of claim 3, wherein forming the shared gate connection further includes:
forming a third dielectric layer on the shared source/drain connection to separate the first and second source/drain contact structures, the third dielectric layer including a different material from the second dielectric layer to support selective etching between the second and third dielectric materials; etching back the second dielectric layer selective to the third dielectric layer to form an opening; filling the opening with a conductive material; and recessing the conductive material to form the shared gate connection at the second planar level between the first and second gate structures. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
forming a first source/drain contact on the first source/drain contact structure; forming a second source/drain contact on the second source/drain contact structure; and forming a gate contact on the shared gate connection. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second gate structures are disposed about respective first and second nanosheet channel structures. 9. A method for fabricating a semiconductor device, comprising:
forming a first gate structure about a first nanosheet channel structure and a second gate structure about a second nanosheet channel structure, the first and second gate structures corresponding to respective portions of a gate structure layer; forming a first source/drain contact structure on a first source/drain region and a second source/drain contact structure on a second source/drain region, the first and second source/drain contact structures corresponding to respective portions of a source/drain contact structure layer; connecting the first and second source/drain contact structures by forming a shared source/drain connection at a first planar level; and connecting the first and second gate structures by forming a shared gate connection at a second planar level different from the first planar level to reduce parasitic capacitance between the shared source/drain connection and the shared gate connection. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the first planar level is below the second planar level. 11. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
forming, within an interlevel dielectric (ILD) layer, a first dielectric layer between the first and second source/drain regions; forming, within a dummy gate, a second dielectric layer between the first and second nanosheet channel structures, the first and second dielectric layers including different materials to support selective etching between the different materials; replacing the dummy gate with the gate structure layer; and after removing the ILD layer, forming the gate contact structure layer. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the first dielectric layer includes silicon carbide and the second dielectric layer includes silicon nitride. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein connecting the first and second portions of the source/drain contact structure by forming the shared source/drain connection at the first planar level further includes:
removing the first dielectric layer selective to the second dielectric to form an opening; filling the opening with a conductive material; and recessing the conductive material to form the shared source/drain connection at the first planar level between the first and second source/drain contact structures. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein connecting the first and second portions of the gate structure by forming the shared gate connection at the second planar level further includes:
forming a third dielectric layer on the shared source/drain connection to separate the first and second source/drain contact structures, the third dielectric layer including a different material from the second dielectric layer to support selective etching between the second and third dielectric materials; etching back the second dielectric layer selective to the third dielectric layer to form an opening; filling the opening with a conductive material; and recessing the conductive material to form the shared gate connection at the second planar level between the first and second gate structures. 15. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
forming a first source/drain contact on the first source/drain contact structure; forming a second source/drain contact on the second source/drain contact structure; and forming a gate contact on the shared gate connection. 16. A semiconductor device, comprising:
a first source/drain region and a second source/drain region disposed on a substrate; a first source/drain contact structure disposed on the first source/drain region and a second source/drain contact structure disposed on the second source/drain region; a shared source/drain connection connecting the first and second source/drain contact structures at a first planar level; a first gate structure and a second gate structure disposed on the substrate; and a shared gate connection connecting the first and second gate structures at a second planar level different from the first planar level to reduce parasitic capacitance between the shared source/drain connection and the shared gate connection. 17. The device of claim 16, wherein the first and second gate structures are disposed about respective first and second nanosheet channel structures. 18. The device of claim 16, wherein the first planar level is below the second planar level. 19. The device of claim 18, further comprising:
a first dielectric layer including a first material above the shared source/drain connection; and a second dielectric layer underneath the shared gate connection, the first and second dielectric layers including different materials selected to support selective etching between the different materials. 20. The device of claim 18, further comprising:
a first source/drain contact and a second source/drain contact disposed on respective ones of the first and second source/drain contact structures; and a gate contact disposed on the shared gate connection. | 1,700 |
349,665 | 350,539 | 16,854,266 | 1,765 | Provided are: a method for producing a high-speed tool steel material capable of increasing carbides in the structure of a high-speed tool steel product; a method for producing a high-speed tool steel product; and a high-speed tool steel product. The method for producing a high-speed tool steel material is provided with: a casting step for casting molten steel to obtain a steel ingot; a blooming step for heating the steel ingot obtained in said casting step to a temperature higher than 1120° C. and thereafter hot-working same to obtain an intermediate material; and a finishing step for heating the intermediate material obtained in the blooming step to a temperature of 900-1120° C. and thereafter hot-working same to obtain the high-speed tool steel material. Further, said method for producing a high-speed tool steel material is provided with an annealing step for annealing the high-speed tool steel material obtained in said finishing step. The present invention is also: a method for producing a high-speed tool steel product, wherein quenching and annealing is performed on the high-speed tool steel material obtained in the production method above; and a high-speed tool steel product. | 1. A high speed tool steel product comprising, by mass %, C: 0.50% to 2.20%, Si: 0.10% to 1.00%, Mn: 0.10% to 1.00%, P: not more than 0.025%, S: not more than 0.0040%, Cr: 3.00% to 7.00%, Mo and W alone or in combination in an amount of (W+2Mo): 5.00% to 30.00%, V: 0.60 to 5.00%, and the balance of Fe and impurities,
the product having a cross sectional structure wherein an area ratio of MC carbides having a maximum length being not shorter than 0.40 μm in the cross sectional structure is not less than 3.8%, and an area ratio of M6C carbides having a maximum length being not shorter than 0.40 μm in the cross sectional structure is not less than 6.8%. 2. The high speed tool steel product according to claim 1, further comprising one or more of, by mass %, Co: not more than 10.00%, Al: not more than 0.30%, and Ca: not more than 0.0150%. | Provided are: a method for producing a high-speed tool steel material capable of increasing carbides in the structure of a high-speed tool steel product; a method for producing a high-speed tool steel product; and a high-speed tool steel product. The method for producing a high-speed tool steel material is provided with: a casting step for casting molten steel to obtain a steel ingot; a blooming step for heating the steel ingot obtained in said casting step to a temperature higher than 1120° C. and thereafter hot-working same to obtain an intermediate material; and a finishing step for heating the intermediate material obtained in the blooming step to a temperature of 900-1120° C. and thereafter hot-working same to obtain the high-speed tool steel material. Further, said method for producing a high-speed tool steel material is provided with an annealing step for annealing the high-speed tool steel material obtained in said finishing step. The present invention is also: a method for producing a high-speed tool steel product, wherein quenching and annealing is performed on the high-speed tool steel material obtained in the production method above; and a high-speed tool steel product.1. A high speed tool steel product comprising, by mass %, C: 0.50% to 2.20%, Si: 0.10% to 1.00%, Mn: 0.10% to 1.00%, P: not more than 0.025%, S: not more than 0.0040%, Cr: 3.00% to 7.00%, Mo and W alone or in combination in an amount of (W+2Mo): 5.00% to 30.00%, V: 0.60 to 5.00%, and the balance of Fe and impurities,
the product having a cross sectional structure wherein an area ratio of MC carbides having a maximum length being not shorter than 0.40 μm in the cross sectional structure is not less than 3.8%, and an area ratio of M6C carbides having a maximum length being not shorter than 0.40 μm in the cross sectional structure is not less than 6.8%. 2. The high speed tool steel product according to claim 1, further comprising one or more of, by mass %, Co: not more than 10.00%, Al: not more than 0.30%, and Ca: not more than 0.0150%. | 1,700 |
349,666 | 350,540 | 16,854,288 | 1,765 | A pad with a covering filled with product to be extracted and/or to be dissolved, wherein, in use, a fluid such as water is supplied under pressure to the pad, so that the fluid is pressed through the pad for obtaining a beverage which, thereupon, leaves the pad. The pad is provided with a spout opening for generating, with the spout opening, a jet of the beverage which leaves the pad for obtaining the fine bubble froth layer on the beverage with the aid of the beverage. | 1-30. (canceled) 31. A beverage system comprising:
a beverage apparatus configured to provide an amount of pressurized fluid over a predetermined time period to produce at least two different amounts of beverage; a first pad comprising product to be extracted and a first spout opening, the first pad configured to be inserted into the beverage apparatus to receive the amount of pressurized fluid over the predetermined time period to generate a first amount of beverage from the first pad; and a second pad comprising product to be extracted and a second spout opening, the second pad configured to be inserted into the beverage apparatus to receive the amount of pressurized fluid over the predetermined time period to generate a second amount of beverage from the second pad; wherein the first spout opening has a flow resistance that is different from a flow resistance of the second spout opening such that the first amount of beverage produced by the first pad is different from the second amount of beverage produced by the second pad using the same amount of pressurized fluid over the same predetermined time period. 32. The beverage system of claim 31, wherein the first pad and the second pad each include substantially the same amount of product to be extracted. 33. The beverage system of claim 31, wherein the first spout opening has a cross-sectional area that is less than a cross-sectional area of the second spout opening, such that the flow resistance of the first spout opening is greater than the flow resistance of the second spout opening. 34. The beverage system of claim 33, wherein the cross-sectional area of the first spout opening is about 0.04 to about 0.2 mm2. 35. The beverage system of claim 33, wherein the cross-sectional area of the second spout opening is about 0.50 to about 2.0 mm2. 36. The beverage system of claim 31, wherein the predetermined time period is about 20 second to about 40 seconds. 37. The beverage system of claim 31, wherein each of the first pad and the second pad comprises:
a covering having a first side defined by a first sheet and a second side defined by a second sheet, wherein the product is located between the first side and the second side; and distancing means defining a fluid flow area that extends between the respective first or second spout opening and the product, wherein the fluid flow area comprises an inflow surface for receiving the amount of pressurized fluid. 38. The beverage system of claim 37, wherein the distancing means comprises at least one of an open-cell foam, a sintered grain material, a gauze, a rib, or a rod. 39. The beverage system of claim 37, wherein the distancing means is associated with a third sheet. 40. The beverage system of claim 37, wherein the distancing means is configured for holding the third sheet at a distance from the respective first or second spout opening. 41. The beverage system of claim 40, wherein the inflow surface is formed by the third sheet. 42. The beverage system of claim 41, wherein the third sheet is formed of a filtering material. 43. The beverage system of claim 37, wherein the inflow surface extends over substantially a complete cross-section of the covering. 44. A method of producing two different amounts of beverage from the same beverage apparatus, the method comprising:
providing a beverage apparatus configured to provide an amount of pressurized fluid over a predetermined time period; providing a first pad comprising product to be extracted and a first spout opening, the first spout opening having a first flow resistance; providing a second pad comprising product to be extracted and a second spout opening, the second spout opening having a second flow resistance that is different from the first flow resistance; inserting one of the first pad or the second pad into the beverage apparatus; providing, by the beverage apparatus, the amount of pressurized fluid over the predetermined time period to one of the first pad or the second pad to produce a first amount of beverage or a second amount of beverage, respectively, wherein the first amount of beverage is different from the second amount of beverage. 45. The method of claim 44, wherein the first pad and the second pad each include substantially the same amount of product to be extracted. 46. The method of claim 44, wherein the first spout opening has a cross-sectional area that is less than a cross-sectional area of the second spout opening, such that the first flow resistance of the first spout opening is greater than the second flow resistance of the second spout opening. 47. The method of claim 46, wherein the cross-sectional area of the first spout opening is about 0.04 to about 0.2 mm2. 48. The method of claim 46, wherein the cross-sectional area of the second spout opening is about 0.50 to about 2.0 mm2. 49. The method of claim 45, wherein the predetermined time period is about 20 second to about 40 seconds. 50. A beverage system comprising:
a beverage apparatus configured to provide an amount of pressurized fluid over a predetermined time period to produce at least two different amounts of beverage; a first pad comprising product to be extracted and a first spout opening having a first flow resistance, the first pad configured to be inserted into the beverage apparatus to produce a first amount of beverage from the amount of pressurized fluid; and a second pad comprising product to be extracted and a second spout opening having a second flow resistance, the second pad configured to be inserted into the beverage apparatus to produce a second amount of beverage from the amount of pressurized fluid; wherein the first flow resistance is greater than the second flow resistance such that the first amount of beverage produced by the first pad is less than the second amount of beverage produced by the second pad using the same amount of pressurized fluid over the same predetermined time period. | A pad with a covering filled with product to be extracted and/or to be dissolved, wherein, in use, a fluid such as water is supplied under pressure to the pad, so that the fluid is pressed through the pad for obtaining a beverage which, thereupon, leaves the pad. The pad is provided with a spout opening for generating, with the spout opening, a jet of the beverage which leaves the pad for obtaining the fine bubble froth layer on the beverage with the aid of the beverage.1-30. (canceled) 31. A beverage system comprising:
a beverage apparatus configured to provide an amount of pressurized fluid over a predetermined time period to produce at least two different amounts of beverage; a first pad comprising product to be extracted and a first spout opening, the first pad configured to be inserted into the beverage apparatus to receive the amount of pressurized fluid over the predetermined time period to generate a first amount of beverage from the first pad; and a second pad comprising product to be extracted and a second spout opening, the second pad configured to be inserted into the beverage apparatus to receive the amount of pressurized fluid over the predetermined time period to generate a second amount of beverage from the second pad; wherein the first spout opening has a flow resistance that is different from a flow resistance of the second spout opening such that the first amount of beverage produced by the first pad is different from the second amount of beverage produced by the second pad using the same amount of pressurized fluid over the same predetermined time period. 32. The beverage system of claim 31, wherein the first pad and the second pad each include substantially the same amount of product to be extracted. 33. The beverage system of claim 31, wherein the first spout opening has a cross-sectional area that is less than a cross-sectional area of the second spout opening, such that the flow resistance of the first spout opening is greater than the flow resistance of the second spout opening. 34. The beverage system of claim 33, wherein the cross-sectional area of the first spout opening is about 0.04 to about 0.2 mm2. 35. The beverage system of claim 33, wherein the cross-sectional area of the second spout opening is about 0.50 to about 2.0 mm2. 36. The beverage system of claim 31, wherein the predetermined time period is about 20 second to about 40 seconds. 37. The beverage system of claim 31, wherein each of the first pad and the second pad comprises:
a covering having a first side defined by a first sheet and a second side defined by a second sheet, wherein the product is located between the first side and the second side; and distancing means defining a fluid flow area that extends between the respective first or second spout opening and the product, wherein the fluid flow area comprises an inflow surface for receiving the amount of pressurized fluid. 38. The beverage system of claim 37, wherein the distancing means comprises at least one of an open-cell foam, a sintered grain material, a gauze, a rib, or a rod. 39. The beverage system of claim 37, wherein the distancing means is associated with a third sheet. 40. The beverage system of claim 37, wherein the distancing means is configured for holding the third sheet at a distance from the respective first or second spout opening. 41. The beverage system of claim 40, wherein the inflow surface is formed by the third sheet. 42. The beverage system of claim 41, wherein the third sheet is formed of a filtering material. 43. The beverage system of claim 37, wherein the inflow surface extends over substantially a complete cross-section of the covering. 44. A method of producing two different amounts of beverage from the same beverage apparatus, the method comprising:
providing a beverage apparatus configured to provide an amount of pressurized fluid over a predetermined time period; providing a first pad comprising product to be extracted and a first spout opening, the first spout opening having a first flow resistance; providing a second pad comprising product to be extracted and a second spout opening, the second spout opening having a second flow resistance that is different from the first flow resistance; inserting one of the first pad or the second pad into the beverage apparatus; providing, by the beverage apparatus, the amount of pressurized fluid over the predetermined time period to one of the first pad or the second pad to produce a first amount of beverage or a second amount of beverage, respectively, wherein the first amount of beverage is different from the second amount of beverage. 45. The method of claim 44, wherein the first pad and the second pad each include substantially the same amount of product to be extracted. 46. The method of claim 44, wherein the first spout opening has a cross-sectional area that is less than a cross-sectional area of the second spout opening, such that the first flow resistance of the first spout opening is greater than the second flow resistance of the second spout opening. 47. The method of claim 46, wherein the cross-sectional area of the first spout opening is about 0.04 to about 0.2 mm2. 48. The method of claim 46, wherein the cross-sectional area of the second spout opening is about 0.50 to about 2.0 mm2. 49. The method of claim 45, wherein the predetermined time period is about 20 second to about 40 seconds. 50. A beverage system comprising:
a beverage apparatus configured to provide an amount of pressurized fluid over a predetermined time period to produce at least two different amounts of beverage; a first pad comprising product to be extracted and a first spout opening having a first flow resistance, the first pad configured to be inserted into the beverage apparatus to produce a first amount of beverage from the amount of pressurized fluid; and a second pad comprising product to be extracted and a second spout opening having a second flow resistance, the second pad configured to be inserted into the beverage apparatus to produce a second amount of beverage from the amount of pressurized fluid; wherein the first flow resistance is greater than the second flow resistance such that the first amount of beverage produced by the first pad is less than the second amount of beverage produced by the second pad using the same amount of pressurized fluid over the same predetermined time period. | 1,700 |
349,667 | 350,541 | 16,854,270 | 1,765 | A total joint replacement system comprising a first and a second implant system. The first implant system includes a first implant having a first load bearing surface based on a first removed portion of an articular surface of a patient's first bone, and a first anchor having a first threaded region configured to be secured into the first bone, wherein the first anchor is configured to be secured to the first implant. The second implant system includes a second implant having a second load bearing surface based on a second removed portion of an articular surface of a patient's second bone, and a second anchor having a second threaded region configured to be secured into the second bone, wherein the second anchor is configured to be secured to the second implant. | 1-49. (canceled) 50. A joint replacement system for repairing a first articular surface and a second articular surface corresponding to a humerus and a oppositely arranged glenoid cavity, respectively, said system comprising:
a humerus implant system comprising:
a first implant having a first load bearing surface; and
a first anchor having a first threaded region configured to be secured into said humerus, wherein said first anchor is configured to be secured to said first implant; and
a glenoid cavity implant system comprising:
a second implant having a hemispherical load bearing surface configured to articulate against said first load bearing surface; and
a second anchor having a second threaded region configured to be secured into said glenoid cavity, wherein said second anchor is configured to be secured to said second implant. 51. The joint replacement system of claim 50, wherein said second implant and said second anchor include a first and a second fixation element, respectively. 52. The joint replacement system of claim 51, wherein said first and said second fixation elements are configured to form tapered connection therebetween. 53. The joint replacement system of claim 52, wherein said first and said second fixation elements comprise a tapered cavity and a tapered protrusion configured to form a tapered connection therebetween. 54. The joint replacement system of claim 51, wherein said second anchor includes a longitudinal passageway. 55. The joint replacement system of claim 54, further comprising a guide wire configured to be at least partially received within said longitudinal passageway of said second anchor. 56. The joint replacement system of claim 51, wherein said first and said second fixation elements are configured to form a snap-fit connection therebetween. 57. The joint replacement system of claim 56, wherein said second anchor defines an implant cavity configured to receive at least a portion of a bone facing surface of said second implant. 58. The joint replacement system of claim 57, wherein at least a portion of a periphery of said cavity includes said second fixation element and wherein at least a portion of said bone facing surface includes said first fixation element. 59. The joint replacement system of claim 50, wherein said first load bearing surface is configured to replace substantially the entire first articular surface. 60. The joint replacement system of claim 59, wherein said first load bearing surface is configured to replace substantially the entire first articular surface. 61. The joint replacement system of claim 50, wherein said second load bearing surface is configured to replace a portion of said second articular surface. 62. The joint replacement system of claim 50, wherein said first load bearing surface has a contour based on a plurality of overlapping excision sites. 63. The joint replacement system of claim 50, wherein said first load bearing surface has a contour defining a socket. 64. The joint replacement system of claim 50, further comprising a support plate, said support plate configured to be secured to said second anchor and further configured to be secured to said second implant. 65. The joint replacement system of claim 64, wherein said support plate includes a first fixation element configured to be coupled to a second fixation element of said first anchor. 66. The joint replacement system of claim 65, wherein said first and said second fixation elements are configured to form tapered connection therebetween. 67. The joint replacement system of claim 65, wherein said first and said second fixation elements are configured to form a snap-fit connection therebetween. 68. The joint replacement system of claim 64, wherein said support plate includes a first fixation element configured to be coupled to a second fixation element of said second implant. 69. The joint replacement system of claim 68, wherein said first and said second fixation elements are configured to form tapered connection therebetween. 70. The joint replacement system of claim 68, wherein said first and said second fixation elements are configured to form a snap-fit connection therebetween. 71. The joint replacement system of claim 64, wherein said support plate further includes at least one aperture configured to receive a fastener configured to secure said support plate into said humerus. 72. The joint replacement system of claim 50, wherein said second load bearing surface has a contour based on a portion of said second articular surface. | A total joint replacement system comprising a first and a second implant system. The first implant system includes a first implant having a first load bearing surface based on a first removed portion of an articular surface of a patient's first bone, and a first anchor having a first threaded region configured to be secured into the first bone, wherein the first anchor is configured to be secured to the first implant. The second implant system includes a second implant having a second load bearing surface based on a second removed portion of an articular surface of a patient's second bone, and a second anchor having a second threaded region configured to be secured into the second bone, wherein the second anchor is configured to be secured to the second implant.1-49. (canceled) 50. A joint replacement system for repairing a first articular surface and a second articular surface corresponding to a humerus and a oppositely arranged glenoid cavity, respectively, said system comprising:
a humerus implant system comprising:
a first implant having a first load bearing surface; and
a first anchor having a first threaded region configured to be secured into said humerus, wherein said first anchor is configured to be secured to said first implant; and
a glenoid cavity implant system comprising:
a second implant having a hemispherical load bearing surface configured to articulate against said first load bearing surface; and
a second anchor having a second threaded region configured to be secured into said glenoid cavity, wherein said second anchor is configured to be secured to said second implant. 51. The joint replacement system of claim 50, wherein said second implant and said second anchor include a first and a second fixation element, respectively. 52. The joint replacement system of claim 51, wherein said first and said second fixation elements are configured to form tapered connection therebetween. 53. The joint replacement system of claim 52, wherein said first and said second fixation elements comprise a tapered cavity and a tapered protrusion configured to form a tapered connection therebetween. 54. The joint replacement system of claim 51, wherein said second anchor includes a longitudinal passageway. 55. The joint replacement system of claim 54, further comprising a guide wire configured to be at least partially received within said longitudinal passageway of said second anchor. 56. The joint replacement system of claim 51, wherein said first and said second fixation elements are configured to form a snap-fit connection therebetween. 57. The joint replacement system of claim 56, wherein said second anchor defines an implant cavity configured to receive at least a portion of a bone facing surface of said second implant. 58. The joint replacement system of claim 57, wherein at least a portion of a periphery of said cavity includes said second fixation element and wherein at least a portion of said bone facing surface includes said first fixation element. 59. The joint replacement system of claim 50, wherein said first load bearing surface is configured to replace substantially the entire first articular surface. 60. The joint replacement system of claim 59, wherein said first load bearing surface is configured to replace substantially the entire first articular surface. 61. The joint replacement system of claim 50, wherein said second load bearing surface is configured to replace a portion of said second articular surface. 62. The joint replacement system of claim 50, wherein said first load bearing surface has a contour based on a plurality of overlapping excision sites. 63. The joint replacement system of claim 50, wherein said first load bearing surface has a contour defining a socket. 64. The joint replacement system of claim 50, further comprising a support plate, said support plate configured to be secured to said second anchor and further configured to be secured to said second implant. 65. The joint replacement system of claim 64, wherein said support plate includes a first fixation element configured to be coupled to a second fixation element of said first anchor. 66. The joint replacement system of claim 65, wherein said first and said second fixation elements are configured to form tapered connection therebetween. 67. The joint replacement system of claim 65, wherein said first and said second fixation elements are configured to form a snap-fit connection therebetween. 68. The joint replacement system of claim 64, wherein said support plate includes a first fixation element configured to be coupled to a second fixation element of said second implant. 69. The joint replacement system of claim 68, wherein said first and said second fixation elements are configured to form tapered connection therebetween. 70. The joint replacement system of claim 68, wherein said first and said second fixation elements are configured to form a snap-fit connection therebetween. 71. The joint replacement system of claim 64, wherein said support plate further includes at least one aperture configured to receive a fastener configured to secure said support plate into said humerus. 72. The joint replacement system of claim 50, wherein said second load bearing surface has a contour based on a portion of said second articular surface. | 1,700 |
349,668 | 350,542 | 16,854,269 | 1,765 | A vehicle wheel having a suspension and a steering device is capable of not only simplifying a driving system but also reducing the number of parts and reducing weight. The vehicle wheel includes a suspension combined with a damper and a spring in a housing of a stator of an in-wheel motor embedded in each wheel of a vehicle and a steering device directly connected to the suspension. | 1. A vehicle wheel having a suspension and a steering device, the vehicle wheel comprising:
an in-wheel motor including a rotor mounted on an inner diameter portion of a rim of a driving wheel and a stator disposed on an inner diameter portion of the rotor; a vehicle body mounting plate mounted at a predetermined position of a vehicle body; a tilting hub tiltably connected by the vehicle body mounting plate and a steering device, and disposed at a central portion of the rim; a plurality of dampers, each having one end portion fixed to an inner diameter portion of a housing of the stator and another end portion fixed to an outer surface of the tilting hub; and a spring elastically supported by being connected between the inner diameter portion of the housing of the stator and the outer surface of the tilting hub. 2. The vehicle wheel of claim 1, wherein a line connection terminal is formed in the vehicle body mounting plate to supply battery power to the in-wheel motor and an actuator of the steering device. 3. The vehicle wheel of claim 1, wherein:
the tilting hub is provided in a form of a triangular block; and a concave spring support surface is formed on an outer surface of the triangular block so as to support one end portion of the spring. 4. The vehicle wheel of claim 1, wherein the damper includes a first cylinder in which a damping fluid is stored and a first piston mounted to be able to pass into or out of the first cylinder. 5. The vehicle wheel of claim 4, wherein the first cylinder of the damper is fixed to the inner diameter portion of the housing of the stator, and the first piston is fixed to the outer surface of the tilting hub. 6. The vehicle wheel of claim 1, wherein the spring is provided as an elliptical plate spring to be disposed at a side of the damper, and, simultaneously, is connected between the inner diameter portion of the housing of the stator and the outer surface of the tilting hub. 7. The vehicle wheel of claim 1, wherein the steering device includes:
a steering support shaft having one end portion rotatably connected to a central portion of the tilting hub and another end portion fixed to a central portion of the vehicle body mounting plate; and a plurality of steering actuators rotatably connected between an outer circumferential portion of the vehicle body mounting plate and an outer circumferential portion of the tilting hub, and configured to steer the tilting hub at a predetermined angle. 8. The vehicle wheel of claim 7, wherein the one end portion of the steering support shaft is rotatably connected to a central portion of an inner surface of the tilting hub through a first ball joint. 9. The vehicle wheel of claim 7, wherein the steering actuator is employed as an electric actuator in which a second piston is mounted to be movable reciprocatively in a second cylinder. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein:
the second cylinder of the steering actuator is connected to the outer circumferential portion of the vehicle body mounting plate through a second ball joint; and the second piston is rotatably connected to the outer circumferential portion of the tilting hub through a third ball joint. | A vehicle wheel having a suspension and a steering device is capable of not only simplifying a driving system but also reducing the number of parts and reducing weight. The vehicle wheel includes a suspension combined with a damper and a spring in a housing of a stator of an in-wheel motor embedded in each wheel of a vehicle and a steering device directly connected to the suspension.1. A vehicle wheel having a suspension and a steering device, the vehicle wheel comprising:
an in-wheel motor including a rotor mounted on an inner diameter portion of a rim of a driving wheel and a stator disposed on an inner diameter portion of the rotor; a vehicle body mounting plate mounted at a predetermined position of a vehicle body; a tilting hub tiltably connected by the vehicle body mounting plate and a steering device, and disposed at a central portion of the rim; a plurality of dampers, each having one end portion fixed to an inner diameter portion of a housing of the stator and another end portion fixed to an outer surface of the tilting hub; and a spring elastically supported by being connected between the inner diameter portion of the housing of the stator and the outer surface of the tilting hub. 2. The vehicle wheel of claim 1, wherein a line connection terminal is formed in the vehicle body mounting plate to supply battery power to the in-wheel motor and an actuator of the steering device. 3. The vehicle wheel of claim 1, wherein:
the tilting hub is provided in a form of a triangular block; and a concave spring support surface is formed on an outer surface of the triangular block so as to support one end portion of the spring. 4. The vehicle wheel of claim 1, wherein the damper includes a first cylinder in which a damping fluid is stored and a first piston mounted to be able to pass into or out of the first cylinder. 5. The vehicle wheel of claim 4, wherein the first cylinder of the damper is fixed to the inner diameter portion of the housing of the stator, and the first piston is fixed to the outer surface of the tilting hub. 6. The vehicle wheel of claim 1, wherein the spring is provided as an elliptical plate spring to be disposed at a side of the damper, and, simultaneously, is connected between the inner diameter portion of the housing of the stator and the outer surface of the tilting hub. 7. The vehicle wheel of claim 1, wherein the steering device includes:
a steering support shaft having one end portion rotatably connected to a central portion of the tilting hub and another end portion fixed to a central portion of the vehicle body mounting plate; and a plurality of steering actuators rotatably connected between an outer circumferential portion of the vehicle body mounting plate and an outer circumferential portion of the tilting hub, and configured to steer the tilting hub at a predetermined angle. 8. The vehicle wheel of claim 7, wherein the one end portion of the steering support shaft is rotatably connected to a central portion of an inner surface of the tilting hub through a first ball joint. 9. The vehicle wheel of claim 7, wherein the steering actuator is employed as an electric actuator in which a second piston is mounted to be movable reciprocatively in a second cylinder. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein:
the second cylinder of the steering actuator is connected to the outer circumferential portion of the vehicle body mounting plate through a second ball joint; and the second piston is rotatably connected to the outer circumferential portion of the tilting hub through a third ball joint. | 1,700 |
349,669 | 350,543 | 16,854,254 | 1,765 | System and methods for implementing a multiply and accumulate (MAC) operation are described. In an example, a device can multiply an input digital signal with an input current to generate a current signal. The device can further divide the current signal into a plurality of currents. The device can further sample the plurality of currents sequentially using the same clock frequency. The device can further combine the plurality of sampled currents to generate an output current signal. | 1. A device comprising:
a current mode digital-to-analog converter (DAC) configured to multiply an input digital signal with an input current to generate a current signal; a current divider coupled to the current mode DAC, the current divider being configured to divide the current signal into a plurality of currents; a plurality of switches configured to sample the plurality of currents sequentially using the same clock frequency; and a circuit configured to combine the plurality of sampled currents to generate an output current signal. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein:
the plurality of currents comprises a first current, a second current, and a third current; the plurality of switches comprises a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch; and the plurality of currents sampled by the plurality of switches comprises a first sampled current, a second sampled current, and a third sampled current. 3. The device of claim 2, wherein a first phase difference between the first sampled current and the second sampled current is equal to a second phase difference between the second sampled current and the third sampled current. 4. The device of claim 1, wherein the circuit is further configured to send the output current signal to a memory element of a memory. 5. The device of claim 4, further comprising a transistor connected between the memory element and the circuit, wherein the transistor is biased using bias voltage generated by a replica of the device to implement a write operation of the memory. 6. The device of claim 4, wherein the memory element is a first memory element of the memory, and the device further comprises another circuit configured to implement a read operation of the memory element, said another circuit being configured to output data stored in the first memory element as current to a different device connected to a second memory element among of the memory. 7. The device of claim 1, further comprises another circuit configured to:
multiply a local oscillator clock signal with the output current signal to generate a heterodyne signal; and send the heterodyne signal to another circuit comprising a transformer and a matching network connected to a device under test. 8. A system comprising:
a memory comprising a plurality of memory elements; a device configured to be in communication with the memory, the device comprising a plurality of circuit blocks connected to the plurality of memory elements, a circuit block comprises:
a current mode digital-to-analog converter (DAC) configured to multiply an input digital signal with an input current to generate a current signal;
a current divider coupled to the current mode DAC, the current divider being configured to divide the current signal into a plurality of currents;
a plurality of switches configured to sample the plurality of currents sequentially using the same clock frequency; and
a circuit configured to:
combine the plurality of sampled currents to generate an output current signal; and
send the output current signal to a memory element connected to the circuit block. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein:
the plurality of currents comprises a first current, a second current, and a third current; the plurality of switches comprises a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch; and the plurality of currents sampled by the plurality of switches comprises a first sampled current, a second sampled current, and a third sampled current. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein a first phase difference between the first sampled current and the second sampled current is equal to a second phase difference between the second sampled current and the third sampled current. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the memory is a non-volatile memory. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein the circuit block further comprises a transistor connected between the memory element and the circuit, the transistor is biased using bias voltage generated by a replica of the device to implement a write operation of the memory. 13. The system of claim 8, wherein the memory element is a first memory element of the memory, and the circuit block further comprises another circuit configured to implement a read operation of the memory element, said another circuit being configured to output data stored in the first memory element as current to another circuit block connected to a second memory element among of the memory. 14. A method for implementing a multiply and accumulate (MAC) operation, the method comprising:
multiplying an input digital signal with an input current to generate a current signal; dividing the current signal into a plurality of currents; sampling the plurality of currents sequentially using the same clock frequency; and combining the plurality of sampled currents to generate an output current signal. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein:
the plurality of currents comprises a first current, a second current, and a third current; the plurality of switches comprises a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch; and the plurality of currents sampled by the plurality of switches comprises a first sampled current, a second sampled current, and a third sampled current. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein a first phase difference between the first sampled current and the second sampled current is equal to a second phase difference between the second sampled current and the third sampled current. 17. The method of claim 14, further comprising sending the output current signal to a memory element among a memory. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising implementing a write operation of the memory by:
generating a bias voltage; and biasing the memory element among the memory using the bias voltage. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the memory element is a first memory element of the memory, and the method further comprising implementing a read operation by outputting data stored in the first memory element as current to a device connected to a second memory element among of the memory. 20. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
multiplying a local oscillator clock signal with the output current signal to generate a heterodyne signal; and sending the heterodyne signal to another circuit comprising a transformer and a matching network connected to a device under test. | System and methods for implementing a multiply and accumulate (MAC) operation are described. In an example, a device can multiply an input digital signal with an input current to generate a current signal. The device can further divide the current signal into a plurality of currents. The device can further sample the plurality of currents sequentially using the same clock frequency. The device can further combine the plurality of sampled currents to generate an output current signal.1. A device comprising:
a current mode digital-to-analog converter (DAC) configured to multiply an input digital signal with an input current to generate a current signal; a current divider coupled to the current mode DAC, the current divider being configured to divide the current signal into a plurality of currents; a plurality of switches configured to sample the plurality of currents sequentially using the same clock frequency; and a circuit configured to combine the plurality of sampled currents to generate an output current signal. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein:
the plurality of currents comprises a first current, a second current, and a third current; the plurality of switches comprises a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch; and the plurality of currents sampled by the plurality of switches comprises a first sampled current, a second sampled current, and a third sampled current. 3. The device of claim 2, wherein a first phase difference between the first sampled current and the second sampled current is equal to a second phase difference between the second sampled current and the third sampled current. 4. The device of claim 1, wherein the circuit is further configured to send the output current signal to a memory element of a memory. 5. The device of claim 4, further comprising a transistor connected between the memory element and the circuit, wherein the transistor is biased using bias voltage generated by a replica of the device to implement a write operation of the memory. 6. The device of claim 4, wherein the memory element is a first memory element of the memory, and the device further comprises another circuit configured to implement a read operation of the memory element, said another circuit being configured to output data stored in the first memory element as current to a different device connected to a second memory element among of the memory. 7. The device of claim 1, further comprises another circuit configured to:
multiply a local oscillator clock signal with the output current signal to generate a heterodyne signal; and send the heterodyne signal to another circuit comprising a transformer and a matching network connected to a device under test. 8. A system comprising:
a memory comprising a plurality of memory elements; a device configured to be in communication with the memory, the device comprising a plurality of circuit blocks connected to the plurality of memory elements, a circuit block comprises:
a current mode digital-to-analog converter (DAC) configured to multiply an input digital signal with an input current to generate a current signal;
a current divider coupled to the current mode DAC, the current divider being configured to divide the current signal into a plurality of currents;
a plurality of switches configured to sample the plurality of currents sequentially using the same clock frequency; and
a circuit configured to:
combine the plurality of sampled currents to generate an output current signal; and
send the output current signal to a memory element connected to the circuit block. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein:
the plurality of currents comprises a first current, a second current, and a third current; the plurality of switches comprises a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch; and the plurality of currents sampled by the plurality of switches comprises a first sampled current, a second sampled current, and a third sampled current. 10. The system of claim 9, wherein a first phase difference between the first sampled current and the second sampled current is equal to a second phase difference between the second sampled current and the third sampled current. 11. The system of claim 8, wherein the memory is a non-volatile memory. 12. The system of claim 8, wherein the circuit block further comprises a transistor connected between the memory element and the circuit, the transistor is biased using bias voltage generated by a replica of the device to implement a write operation of the memory. 13. The system of claim 8, wherein the memory element is a first memory element of the memory, and the circuit block further comprises another circuit configured to implement a read operation of the memory element, said another circuit being configured to output data stored in the first memory element as current to another circuit block connected to a second memory element among of the memory. 14. A method for implementing a multiply and accumulate (MAC) operation, the method comprising:
multiplying an input digital signal with an input current to generate a current signal; dividing the current signal into a plurality of currents; sampling the plurality of currents sequentially using the same clock frequency; and combining the plurality of sampled currents to generate an output current signal. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein:
the plurality of currents comprises a first current, a second current, and a third current; the plurality of switches comprises a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch; and the plurality of currents sampled by the plurality of switches comprises a first sampled current, a second sampled current, and a third sampled current. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein a first phase difference between the first sampled current and the second sampled current is equal to a second phase difference between the second sampled current and the third sampled current. 17. The method of claim 14, further comprising sending the output current signal to a memory element among a memory. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising implementing a write operation of the memory by:
generating a bias voltage; and biasing the memory element among the memory using the bias voltage. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the memory element is a first memory element of the memory, and the method further comprising implementing a read operation by outputting data stored in the first memory element as current to a device connected to a second memory element among of the memory. 20. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
multiplying a local oscillator clock signal with the output current signal to generate a heterodyne signal; and sending the heterodyne signal to another circuit comprising a transformer and a matching network connected to a device under test. | 1,700 |
349,670 | 350,544 | 16,854,222 | 1,765 | Apparatus, device, methods and system relating to a vehicular telemetry environment for monitoring vehicle components and providing indications towards the condition of the vehicle components and providing optimal indications towards replacement or maintenance of vehicle components before vehicle component failure. | 1. A method to assess historical vehicle component maintenance and identify predictive indicators of maintenance events comprising:
accessing a record of operational component data, said operational component data including operational values from a vehicle component from a vehicle, said operational values representative of an operational life cycle use of said vehicle component, said operational values further based upon a measured component event, accessing a record of management event data, said management event data containing a vehicle component event data point for said vehicle, said vehicle component event data point including a date and a maintenance event indication, associating said record of operational component data with said record of management event data, filtering said operational component data, said filtering including a moving average of said operational component data, an upper control limit of said operational component data, plus two standard deviation of said operational component data, plus one standard deviation of said operational component data, a mean of said operational component data, minus one standard deviation of said operational component data, minus two standard deviation of said operational component data and a lower control limit of said operational component data, deriving from said operational component data at least one signal representative of operational use of said vehicle component for said measured component event, comparing filtered operational component data with said at least one signal prior to said vehicle component event data point thereby identifying indicators associated with said maintenance event indication. 2. A method as in claim 1 wherein said maintenance event indication is a component failure and said comparing identifies failure indicators, said failure indicators include at least one of the following indicators:
a first failure indicator, said first failure indicator having a decreasing moving average from said mean of said operational component data to said minus one standard deviation of said operational component data,
a second failure indicator, said second failure indicator having first signals above and below said decreasing moving average,
a third failure indicator, said third failure indicator having second signals below said lower control limit of said operational component data. 3. A method as in claim 2 wherein said first signals include “O” signal values. 4. A method as in claim 2 wherein said first signals include “Y” signal values. 5. A method as in claim 2 wherein said first signals include “B” signal values. 6. A method as in claim 2 wherein said second signals include “R” signal values. 7. A method as in claim 2 wherein said second signals are a plurality of second signals decreasing in value away from said lower control limit of said operational component data. 8. A method as in claim 1 wherein said comparing filtered operational component data with said at least one signal includes post said vehicle component event data point and said maintenance event indication is a component replacement and said component replacement was premature, said comparing identifies premature component replacement indicators, said premature component replacement indicators include at least one of the following indicators:
a first indicator, said first indicator having a moving average relatively constant between said mean and said plus one standard deviation prior to said vehicle component data point, said first indicator having a moving average increasing in value from a said mean to said plus one standard deviation followed by a relatively constant moving average at said plus one standard deviation,
a second indicator, said second indicator having signals above said lower control limit, and
a third indicator, said third indicator having signals above said mean. 9. A method as in claim 1 wherein said comparing filtered operational component data with said at least one signal includes post said vehicle component event data point and said maintenance event indication is component maintenance and said comparing identifies component maintenance indicators, said component maintenance indicators include at least one of the following indicators:
a first indicator, said first indicator having a moving average relatively constant and above minus two standard deviation prior to said vehicle component data point and a moving average increasing in value post said vehicle component data point, and
a second indicator, said second indicator having signals above said lower control limit. 10. A method as in claim 1 wherein said comparing filtered operational component data with said maintenance event indication is component failure and said comparing identifies indicators for an incorrect date for said maintenance event indication, said indicators include at least one of the following indicators:
a first failure indicator, said first failure indicator where said moving average is not decreasing from said mean of said operational component data to said minus one standard deviation of said operational component data,
a second failure indicator, said second failure indicator where said first signals are not above and below a decreasing moving average, and
a third failure indicator, said third failure indicator where second signals are not below said lower control limit of said operational component data. 11. A system to assess historical vehicle component maintenance and identify predictive indicators of maintenance events comprising:
a telematics hardware device including a processor, memory, firmware and communications capability, a remote device including a processor memory software and communications capability said telematics hardware device monitoring at least one vehicle component from at least one vehicle and logging operational component data of said at least one vehicle component, said telematics hardware device communicating a log of operational component data to said remote device said remote device said remote device accessing a record of operational component data, said operational component data including operational values from a vehicle component from a vehicle, said operational values representative of an operational life cycle use of said vehicle component, said operational values further based upon a measured component event, said remote device accessing a record of management event data, said management event data containing a vehicle component event data point for said vehicle, said vehicle component event data point including a date and a maintenance event indication, said remote device associating said record of operational component data with said record of management event data, said remote device filtering said operational component data, said filtering including a moving average of said operational component data, an upper control limit of said operational component data, plus two standard deviation of said operational component data, plus one standard deviation of said operational component data, a mean of said operational component data, minus one standard deviation of said operational component data, minus two standard deviation of said operational component data and a lower control limit of said operational component data, said remote device deriving from said operational component data at least one signal representative of operational use of said vehicle component for said measured component event, said remote device comparing filtered operational component data with said at least one signal prior to said vehicle component event data point thereby identifying indicators associated with said maintenance event indication. 12. A method as in claim 11 wherein said maintenance event indication is a component failure and said comparing identifies failure indicators, said failure indicators include at least one of the following indicators:
A first failure indicator, said first failure indicator having a decreasing moving average from said mean of said operational component data to said minus one standard deviation of said operational component data,
A second failure indicator, said second failure indicator having first signals above and below said decreasing moving average,
A third failure indicator, said third failure indicator having second signals below said lower control limit of said operational component data. 13. A method as in claim 12 wherein said first signals include “O” signal values. 14. A method as in claim 12 wherein said first signals include “Y” signal values. 15. A method as in claim 12 wherein said first signals include “B” signal values. 16. A method as in claim 12 wherein said second signals include “R” signal values. 17. A method as in claim 12 wherein said second signals are a plurality of second signals decreasing in value away from said lower control limit of said operational component data. 18. A method as in claim 11 wherein said comparing filtered operational component data with said at least one signal includes post said vehicle component event data point and said maintenance event indication is a component replacement and said component replacement was premature, said comparing identifies premature component replacement indicators, said premature component replacement indicators include at least one of the following indicators:
a first indicator, said first indicator having a moving average relatively constant between said mean and said plus one standard deviation prior to said vehicle component data point, said first indicator having a moving average increasing in value from a said mean to said plus one standard deviation followed by a relatively constant moving average at said plus one standard deviation,
a second indicator, said second indicator having signals above said lower control limit, and
a third indicator, said third indicator having signals above said mean. 19. A method as in claim 11 wherein said comparing filtered operational component data with said at least one signal includes post said vehicle component event data point and said maintenance event indication is component maintenance and said comparing identifies component maintenance indicators, said component maintenance indicators include at least one of the following indicators:
a first indicator, said first indicator having a moving average relatively constant and above minus two standard deviation prior to said vehicle component data point and a moving average increasing in value post said vehicle component data point, and
a second indicator, said second indicator having signals above said lower control limit. 20. A method as in claim 11 wherein said comparing filtered operational component data with said maintenance event indication is component failure and said comparing identifies indicators for an incorrect date for said maintenance event indication, said indicators include at least one of the following indicators:
a first failure indicator, said first failure indicator where said moving average is not decreasing from said mean of said operational component data to said minus one standard deviation of said operational component data,
a second failure indicator, said second failure indicator where said first signals are not above and below a decreasing moving average, and
a third failure indicator, said third failure indicator where second signals are not below said lower control limit of said operational component data. | Apparatus, device, methods and system relating to a vehicular telemetry environment for monitoring vehicle components and providing indications towards the condition of the vehicle components and providing optimal indications towards replacement or maintenance of vehicle components before vehicle component failure.1. A method to assess historical vehicle component maintenance and identify predictive indicators of maintenance events comprising:
accessing a record of operational component data, said operational component data including operational values from a vehicle component from a vehicle, said operational values representative of an operational life cycle use of said vehicle component, said operational values further based upon a measured component event, accessing a record of management event data, said management event data containing a vehicle component event data point for said vehicle, said vehicle component event data point including a date and a maintenance event indication, associating said record of operational component data with said record of management event data, filtering said operational component data, said filtering including a moving average of said operational component data, an upper control limit of said operational component data, plus two standard deviation of said operational component data, plus one standard deviation of said operational component data, a mean of said operational component data, minus one standard deviation of said operational component data, minus two standard deviation of said operational component data and a lower control limit of said operational component data, deriving from said operational component data at least one signal representative of operational use of said vehicle component for said measured component event, comparing filtered operational component data with said at least one signal prior to said vehicle component event data point thereby identifying indicators associated with said maintenance event indication. 2. A method as in claim 1 wherein said maintenance event indication is a component failure and said comparing identifies failure indicators, said failure indicators include at least one of the following indicators:
a first failure indicator, said first failure indicator having a decreasing moving average from said mean of said operational component data to said minus one standard deviation of said operational component data,
a second failure indicator, said second failure indicator having first signals above and below said decreasing moving average,
a third failure indicator, said third failure indicator having second signals below said lower control limit of said operational component data. 3. A method as in claim 2 wherein said first signals include “O” signal values. 4. A method as in claim 2 wherein said first signals include “Y” signal values. 5. A method as in claim 2 wherein said first signals include “B” signal values. 6. A method as in claim 2 wherein said second signals include “R” signal values. 7. A method as in claim 2 wherein said second signals are a plurality of second signals decreasing in value away from said lower control limit of said operational component data. 8. A method as in claim 1 wherein said comparing filtered operational component data with said at least one signal includes post said vehicle component event data point and said maintenance event indication is a component replacement and said component replacement was premature, said comparing identifies premature component replacement indicators, said premature component replacement indicators include at least one of the following indicators:
a first indicator, said first indicator having a moving average relatively constant between said mean and said plus one standard deviation prior to said vehicle component data point, said first indicator having a moving average increasing in value from a said mean to said plus one standard deviation followed by a relatively constant moving average at said plus one standard deviation,
a second indicator, said second indicator having signals above said lower control limit, and
a third indicator, said third indicator having signals above said mean. 9. A method as in claim 1 wherein said comparing filtered operational component data with said at least one signal includes post said vehicle component event data point and said maintenance event indication is component maintenance and said comparing identifies component maintenance indicators, said component maintenance indicators include at least one of the following indicators:
a first indicator, said first indicator having a moving average relatively constant and above minus two standard deviation prior to said vehicle component data point and a moving average increasing in value post said vehicle component data point, and
a second indicator, said second indicator having signals above said lower control limit. 10. A method as in claim 1 wherein said comparing filtered operational component data with said maintenance event indication is component failure and said comparing identifies indicators for an incorrect date for said maintenance event indication, said indicators include at least one of the following indicators:
a first failure indicator, said first failure indicator where said moving average is not decreasing from said mean of said operational component data to said minus one standard deviation of said operational component data,
a second failure indicator, said second failure indicator where said first signals are not above and below a decreasing moving average, and
a third failure indicator, said third failure indicator where second signals are not below said lower control limit of said operational component data. 11. A system to assess historical vehicle component maintenance and identify predictive indicators of maintenance events comprising:
a telematics hardware device including a processor, memory, firmware and communications capability, a remote device including a processor memory software and communications capability said telematics hardware device monitoring at least one vehicle component from at least one vehicle and logging operational component data of said at least one vehicle component, said telematics hardware device communicating a log of operational component data to said remote device said remote device said remote device accessing a record of operational component data, said operational component data including operational values from a vehicle component from a vehicle, said operational values representative of an operational life cycle use of said vehicle component, said operational values further based upon a measured component event, said remote device accessing a record of management event data, said management event data containing a vehicle component event data point for said vehicle, said vehicle component event data point including a date and a maintenance event indication, said remote device associating said record of operational component data with said record of management event data, said remote device filtering said operational component data, said filtering including a moving average of said operational component data, an upper control limit of said operational component data, plus two standard deviation of said operational component data, plus one standard deviation of said operational component data, a mean of said operational component data, minus one standard deviation of said operational component data, minus two standard deviation of said operational component data and a lower control limit of said operational component data, said remote device deriving from said operational component data at least one signal representative of operational use of said vehicle component for said measured component event, said remote device comparing filtered operational component data with said at least one signal prior to said vehicle component event data point thereby identifying indicators associated with said maintenance event indication. 12. A method as in claim 11 wherein said maintenance event indication is a component failure and said comparing identifies failure indicators, said failure indicators include at least one of the following indicators:
A first failure indicator, said first failure indicator having a decreasing moving average from said mean of said operational component data to said minus one standard deviation of said operational component data,
A second failure indicator, said second failure indicator having first signals above and below said decreasing moving average,
A third failure indicator, said third failure indicator having second signals below said lower control limit of said operational component data. 13. A method as in claim 12 wherein said first signals include “O” signal values. 14. A method as in claim 12 wherein said first signals include “Y” signal values. 15. A method as in claim 12 wherein said first signals include “B” signal values. 16. A method as in claim 12 wherein said second signals include “R” signal values. 17. A method as in claim 12 wherein said second signals are a plurality of second signals decreasing in value away from said lower control limit of said operational component data. 18. A method as in claim 11 wherein said comparing filtered operational component data with said at least one signal includes post said vehicle component event data point and said maintenance event indication is a component replacement and said component replacement was premature, said comparing identifies premature component replacement indicators, said premature component replacement indicators include at least one of the following indicators:
a first indicator, said first indicator having a moving average relatively constant between said mean and said plus one standard deviation prior to said vehicle component data point, said first indicator having a moving average increasing in value from a said mean to said plus one standard deviation followed by a relatively constant moving average at said plus one standard deviation,
a second indicator, said second indicator having signals above said lower control limit, and
a third indicator, said third indicator having signals above said mean. 19. A method as in claim 11 wherein said comparing filtered operational component data with said at least one signal includes post said vehicle component event data point and said maintenance event indication is component maintenance and said comparing identifies component maintenance indicators, said component maintenance indicators include at least one of the following indicators:
a first indicator, said first indicator having a moving average relatively constant and above minus two standard deviation prior to said vehicle component data point and a moving average increasing in value post said vehicle component data point, and
a second indicator, said second indicator having signals above said lower control limit. 20. A method as in claim 11 wherein said comparing filtered operational component data with said maintenance event indication is component failure and said comparing identifies indicators for an incorrect date for said maintenance event indication, said indicators include at least one of the following indicators:
a first failure indicator, said first failure indicator where said moving average is not decreasing from said mean of said operational component data to said minus one standard deviation of said operational component data,
a second failure indicator, said second failure indicator where said first signals are not above and below a decreasing moving average, and
a third failure indicator, said third failure indicator where second signals are not below said lower control limit of said operational component data. | 1,700 |
349,671 | 350,545 | 16,854,246 | 1,765 | A device creates virtual storage bucket to abstract the data and the access from another device, and to secure the access using the IAM and the data using encryption and/or Mojette transform in order to generate encrypted/encoded data and transmits the data to another device. The other device saves the encrypted/encoded data for later transmitting the data to the same first device or another for decryption/decoding, securing porting of clients together with associated data in multi cloud environments. | 1. A multi-cloud data storage system, comprising:
a plurality of cloud storage servers, each configured to store data; a terminal device connected to the plurality of cloud storage servers via a network; a gateway connected to the network and configured to intermediate communications between the terminal device and the plurality of cloud storage servers, the gateway device including a plurality of virtual storage buckets, each of the plurality of virtual storage buckets controlling access to data stored therein based on a data access policy; and a management server coupled to the network, configured to manage the gateway, and configured to control the data access policy for each of the virtual storage buckets in the gateway. 2. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of virtual storage buckets in the gateway decouple communication between the plurality of cloud storage servers and the terminal device. 3. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, wherein the gateway stores data retrieved from at least one of the plurality of cloud storage servers and places the data in at least one of the plurality of virtual storage buckets based on the data access policy associated with the one of the plurality of virtual storage buckets. 4. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 3, wherein the gateway releases the data stored in the one of the plurality of virtual storage buckets to the terminal based on the data access policy associated with the one of the plurality of virtual storage buckets. 5. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of virtual data storage buckets has a different data access policy associated therewith. 6. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, wherein the terminal device communicates with the gateway via a secure communication channel. 7. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, wherein the gateway communicates with the plurality of cloud storage servers via a secure communication channel. 8. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, wherein the terminal device communicates with the plurality of cloud storage servers only through the gateway. 9. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, wherein the data access policy for each of the plurality of virtual storage buckets denies access to data stored in a respective virtual storage bucket by default. 10. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, further comprising a second terminal device coupled to the network and configured to communicate with the management server in order to control the data access policy for each of the plurality of virtual storage buckets. 11. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 10, wherein the second terminal is configured to provide a user interface to a user thereof in order to receive instructions from the user for managing the gateway and setting the data access policy of each of the plurality of virtual storage buckets. 12. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, wherein the data access policy includes at least one of:
a data portability policy, a measure storage latency policy for optimization of geo-positioning of data, an application performance boundary policy, a cost optimization policy, an application security and monitoring policy, and a data security policy. 13. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, wherein the network is a wireless network. 14. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, wherein the network is a hybrid wired/wireless network. | A device creates virtual storage bucket to abstract the data and the access from another device, and to secure the access using the IAM and the data using encryption and/or Mojette transform in order to generate encrypted/encoded data and transmits the data to another device. The other device saves the encrypted/encoded data for later transmitting the data to the same first device or another for decryption/decoding, securing porting of clients together with associated data in multi cloud environments.1. A multi-cloud data storage system, comprising:
a plurality of cloud storage servers, each configured to store data; a terminal device connected to the plurality of cloud storage servers via a network; a gateway connected to the network and configured to intermediate communications between the terminal device and the plurality of cloud storage servers, the gateway device including a plurality of virtual storage buckets, each of the plurality of virtual storage buckets controlling access to data stored therein based on a data access policy; and a management server coupled to the network, configured to manage the gateway, and configured to control the data access policy for each of the virtual storage buckets in the gateway. 2. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of virtual storage buckets in the gateway decouple communication between the plurality of cloud storage servers and the terminal device. 3. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, wherein the gateway stores data retrieved from at least one of the plurality of cloud storage servers and places the data in at least one of the plurality of virtual storage buckets based on the data access policy associated with the one of the plurality of virtual storage buckets. 4. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 3, wherein the gateway releases the data stored in the one of the plurality of virtual storage buckets to the terminal based on the data access policy associated with the one of the plurality of virtual storage buckets. 5. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of virtual data storage buckets has a different data access policy associated therewith. 6. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, wherein the terminal device communicates with the gateway via a secure communication channel. 7. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, wherein the gateway communicates with the plurality of cloud storage servers via a secure communication channel. 8. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, wherein the terminal device communicates with the plurality of cloud storage servers only through the gateway. 9. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, wherein the data access policy for each of the plurality of virtual storage buckets denies access to data stored in a respective virtual storage bucket by default. 10. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, further comprising a second terminal device coupled to the network and configured to communicate with the management server in order to control the data access policy for each of the plurality of virtual storage buckets. 11. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 10, wherein the second terminal is configured to provide a user interface to a user thereof in order to receive instructions from the user for managing the gateway and setting the data access policy of each of the plurality of virtual storage buckets. 12. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, wherein the data access policy includes at least one of:
a data portability policy, a measure storage latency policy for optimization of geo-positioning of data, an application performance boundary policy, a cost optimization policy, an application security and monitoring policy, and a data security policy. 13. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, wherein the network is a wireless network. 14. The multi-cloud data storage system according to claim 1, wherein the network is a hybrid wired/wireless network. | 1,700 |
349,672 | 350,546 | 16,854,182 | 1,765 | Systems and methods are provided for assisting a customer with purchasing a merchandise item in a store. Assisting the customer may include determining a location of a customer (i.e., customer device) in the store, identifying merchandise items located adjacent to the customer, receiving selection of a merchandise item for purchase from the identified merchandise items, receiving payment authorization information for the purchase, and initiating delivery of the merchandise item to the customer. Additionally, systems and methods are provided for inventory management in a store. Consistent with certain embodiments, computer-implemented systems and methods are provided for selecting a sensor, receiving a sensor identifier and a position of the sensor, receiving merchandise identifiers for merchandise items located near the sensor, and storing the merchandise identifiers in association with the sensor identifier. Additionally, systems and methods are provided for providing directions to a customer for locating a selected merchandise item in the store. | 1-20. (canceled) 21. A computer-implemented method for purchase assistance in a store, the method comprising:
determining, by a processor and based on a signal received by a plurality of sensors in a store, a location of a user device associated with a user in the store; selecting one of the sensors; generating, by the processor, a list of first merchandise items located within a first distance of the selected sensor; transmitting the list to the user device for display; receiving, by the processor, a request from the user device to display second merchandise items different from the first merchandise items; in response to the request to display the second merchandise items, identifying, by the processor, a plurality of third merchandise items, the third merchandise items being located in the store within a second distance of the selected sensor, the second distance having a value between values of the first distance and a third distance, the third distance having a value less than a value of a largest length dimension within the store; and transmitting a list of the third merchandise items to the user device for display. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein:
signals received by the sensors comprise near-field signals; and determining a location of the user device comprises determining the location of the user device in the store based on near-field signal received by the sensors. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the determining the location of the user device comprises determining the location of the user device based on:
a signal strength of the near-field signal; and locations of the sensors. 24. The method of claim 21, wherein identifying the first merchandise items comprises receiving identifications of the first merchandise items from a storage device. 25. The method of claim 21, wherein identifying the first merchandise items comprises receiving identifications of the first merchandise items from the selected sensor. 26. The method of claim 21, wherein determining the location of the user device further comprises:
receiving a signal from the user device; and specifying a location of one of the sensors that received the signal as the location of the user device. 27. The method of claim 21, wherein selecting one of the sensors comprises:
receiving a signal from the user device by the sensors; and determining a distance between each of the sensors and the user device, based on the received signal. 28. The method of claim 21, wherein the first distance has a value between 2 and 4 feet. 29. The method of claim 21, further comprising:
determining a value of the second distance by increasing a value of the first distance by a predetermined amount. 30. The method of claim 29, wherein the third distance has a value between 2 and 4 feet. 31. The method of claim 21, further comprising
determining whether the first merchandise items are available at the store; and providing a notification to the user device indicating whether the first merchandise items are available at the store. 32. The method of claim 21, further comprising:
receiving, from the user device, a request to purchase at least one of the first or second merchandise items. 33. The method of claim 32, further comprising:
accessing financial information associated with the user; initiating payment processing for a purchase of the requested merchandise items based on the financial information; and notifying the user regarding receipt of a payment. 34. The method of claim 21, further comprising:
determining whether the user has a registered profile; and requesting profile information from the user upon determining that the user does not have a registered profile. 35. The method of claim 34, wherein the profile comprises at least one of:
a customer identification; payment information associated with a financial services provider; or an address for delivery of a merchandise item selected by the user. 36. The method of claim 21, wherein the sensors comprise a Bluetooth low energy beacon. 37. The method of claim 21, wherein the sensors comprise an RFID device. 38. The method of claim 21, wherein the sensors comprise a wireless sensor. 39. A purchase assistance system for a store, comprising
a plurality of sensors at locations in the store, the sensors being configured to receive a near-field signal from a user device associated with a user; a memory storing instructions; and at least one processor configured to execute the instructions to perform operations comprising:
determining a location of the user device based on the near-field signal;
selecting one of the sensors;
generating a list of first merchandise items located within a first distance from the selected sensor;
transmitting the list to the user device for display;
receiving a request from the user device to display second merchandise items different from the first merchandise items;
in response to the request to display the second merchandise items, identifying a plurality of third merchandise items, the third merchandise items being located in the store within a second distance of the selected sensor, the second distance having a value between values of the first distance and a third distance, the third distance having a value less than a value of a largest length dimension within the store; and
transmitting a list of the third merchandise items to the user device for display. 40. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform a method for purchase assistance at a store, the method comprising the steps of:
determining, based on a signal received by a plurality of sensors in a store, a location of a user device associated with a user in the store; selecting one of the sensors; generating a list of first merchandise items located within a first distance of the selected sensor; transmitting the list to the user device for display; receiving, by the processor, a request from the user device to display second merchandise items different from the first merchandise items; in response to the request to display the second merchandise items, identifying a plurality of third merchandise items, the third merchandise items being located in the store within a second distance of the selected sensor, the second distance having a value between values of the first distance and a third distance, the third distance having a value less than a value of a largest length dimension within the store; and transmitting a list of the third merchandise items to the user device for display. | Systems and methods are provided for assisting a customer with purchasing a merchandise item in a store. Assisting the customer may include determining a location of a customer (i.e., customer device) in the store, identifying merchandise items located adjacent to the customer, receiving selection of a merchandise item for purchase from the identified merchandise items, receiving payment authorization information for the purchase, and initiating delivery of the merchandise item to the customer. Additionally, systems and methods are provided for inventory management in a store. Consistent with certain embodiments, computer-implemented systems and methods are provided for selecting a sensor, receiving a sensor identifier and a position of the sensor, receiving merchandise identifiers for merchandise items located near the sensor, and storing the merchandise identifiers in association with the sensor identifier. Additionally, systems and methods are provided for providing directions to a customer for locating a selected merchandise item in the store.1-20. (canceled) 21. A computer-implemented method for purchase assistance in a store, the method comprising:
determining, by a processor and based on a signal received by a plurality of sensors in a store, a location of a user device associated with a user in the store; selecting one of the sensors; generating, by the processor, a list of first merchandise items located within a first distance of the selected sensor; transmitting the list to the user device for display; receiving, by the processor, a request from the user device to display second merchandise items different from the first merchandise items; in response to the request to display the second merchandise items, identifying, by the processor, a plurality of third merchandise items, the third merchandise items being located in the store within a second distance of the selected sensor, the second distance having a value between values of the first distance and a third distance, the third distance having a value less than a value of a largest length dimension within the store; and transmitting a list of the third merchandise items to the user device for display. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein:
signals received by the sensors comprise near-field signals; and determining a location of the user device comprises determining the location of the user device in the store based on near-field signal received by the sensors. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the determining the location of the user device comprises determining the location of the user device based on:
a signal strength of the near-field signal; and locations of the sensors. 24. The method of claim 21, wherein identifying the first merchandise items comprises receiving identifications of the first merchandise items from a storage device. 25. The method of claim 21, wherein identifying the first merchandise items comprises receiving identifications of the first merchandise items from the selected sensor. 26. The method of claim 21, wherein determining the location of the user device further comprises:
receiving a signal from the user device; and specifying a location of one of the sensors that received the signal as the location of the user device. 27. The method of claim 21, wherein selecting one of the sensors comprises:
receiving a signal from the user device by the sensors; and determining a distance between each of the sensors and the user device, based on the received signal. 28. The method of claim 21, wherein the first distance has a value between 2 and 4 feet. 29. The method of claim 21, further comprising:
determining a value of the second distance by increasing a value of the first distance by a predetermined amount. 30. The method of claim 29, wherein the third distance has a value between 2 and 4 feet. 31. The method of claim 21, further comprising
determining whether the first merchandise items are available at the store; and providing a notification to the user device indicating whether the first merchandise items are available at the store. 32. The method of claim 21, further comprising:
receiving, from the user device, a request to purchase at least one of the first or second merchandise items. 33. The method of claim 32, further comprising:
accessing financial information associated with the user; initiating payment processing for a purchase of the requested merchandise items based on the financial information; and notifying the user regarding receipt of a payment. 34. The method of claim 21, further comprising:
determining whether the user has a registered profile; and requesting profile information from the user upon determining that the user does not have a registered profile. 35. The method of claim 34, wherein the profile comprises at least one of:
a customer identification; payment information associated with a financial services provider; or an address for delivery of a merchandise item selected by the user. 36. The method of claim 21, wherein the sensors comprise a Bluetooth low energy beacon. 37. The method of claim 21, wherein the sensors comprise an RFID device. 38. The method of claim 21, wherein the sensors comprise a wireless sensor. 39. A purchase assistance system for a store, comprising
a plurality of sensors at locations in the store, the sensors being configured to receive a near-field signal from a user device associated with a user; a memory storing instructions; and at least one processor configured to execute the instructions to perform operations comprising:
determining a location of the user device based on the near-field signal;
selecting one of the sensors;
generating a list of first merchandise items located within a first distance from the selected sensor;
transmitting the list to the user device for display;
receiving a request from the user device to display second merchandise items different from the first merchandise items;
in response to the request to display the second merchandise items, identifying a plurality of third merchandise items, the third merchandise items being located in the store within a second distance of the selected sensor, the second distance having a value between values of the first distance and a third distance, the third distance having a value less than a value of a largest length dimension within the store; and
transmitting a list of the third merchandise items to the user device for display. 40. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform a method for purchase assistance at a store, the method comprising the steps of:
determining, based on a signal received by a plurality of sensors in a store, a location of a user device associated with a user in the store; selecting one of the sensors; generating a list of first merchandise items located within a first distance of the selected sensor; transmitting the list to the user device for display; receiving, by the processor, a request from the user device to display second merchandise items different from the first merchandise items; in response to the request to display the second merchandise items, identifying a plurality of third merchandise items, the third merchandise items being located in the store within a second distance of the selected sensor, the second distance having a value between values of the first distance and a third distance, the third distance having a value less than a value of a largest length dimension within the store; and transmitting a list of the third merchandise items to the user device for display. | 1,700 |
349,673 | 350,547 | 16,854,255 | 1,765 | A hydraulic damper for a vehicle including a main tube. A first piston assembly is slideably disposed in the main tube and axially divides the main tube into a rebound chamber and a primary compression chamber. A hydraulic compression stop assembly is disposed in the primary compression chamber and includes a narrowed section extending between an open end and a closed end. A second piston assembly is slideably disposed in the narrowed section and is coupled with the first piston assembly. The second piston assembly has a piston tube that extends between an opened end and a shut end. A displaceable partition is slideably disposed in the piston tube. A first auxiliary compression chamber is defined between the partition and the closed end of the narrowed section. A second auxiliary compression chamber is defined between the partition and the shut end of the piston tube. | 1. A hydraulic damper for a vehicle, comprising:
a main tube extending about and along an axis and having a first inner diameter and filed with working liquid; a first piston assembly disposed in said main tube and axially dividing said main tube into a rebound chamber and a primary compression chamber, and axially moveable in a compression stroke and a rebound stroke to generate a damping force; a hydraulic compression stop assembly disposed in said compression chamber, said hydraulic compression stop assembly including:
a narrowed section disposed in said compression chamber of said main tube and extending between an open end and a closed end and having a second inner diameter being smaller than said first inner diameter of said main tube;
a second piston assembly slideably disposed in said narrowed section and coupled with said first piston assembly for axially moving with said first piston assembly for generating an additional damping force during said compression stroke;
said second piston assembly having a piston tube extending between an opened end and a shut end, with said shut end disposed opposite said closed end of said narrowed section; and
a displaceable partition slideably disposed in said piston tube of said second piston assembly for providing an additional damping force during said compression stroke, said displaceable partition defining a first auxiliary compression chamber between said partition and said closed end of said narrowed section, and a second auxiliary compression chamber between said partition and said shut end of said piston tube,
wherein a spring extends between said shut end of said second piston assembly and said partition to bias said partition toward said closed end of said narrowed section. 2. The hydraulic damper according to claim 1, wherein said first and second auxiliary compression chambers are fluid tightly separated by said partition. 3. The hydraulic damper according to claim 1, wherein said partition defines a pressure surface facing said closed end of said narrowed section providing sliding movement of said partition during a buildup of pressure in said first auxiliary compression chamber against said pressure surface. 4. The hydraulic damper according to claim 1, wherein said partition includes a pin extending axially toward said closed end of said narrowed section for acting as a mechanical bumper during axial movement of said partition. 5. The hydraulic damper according to claim 1, wherein a sleeve is disposed in said first auxiliary compression chamber and coupled with said piston tube. 6. The hydraulic damper according to claim 5, wherein said sleeve is threadedly connected to said piston tube. 7. The hydraulic damper according to claim 1, wherein said narrowed section is an insert received by said main tube. 8. The hydraulic damper according to claim 7, wherein said insert is provided at its entry with five equiangularly spaced grooves extending longitudinally towards a closed end of said first auxiliary compression chamber that allow the working liquid to flow out of and into the first auxiliary compression chamber around the second piston assembly respectively during compression and rebound stroke. 9. The hydraulic damper according to claim 8, wherein the insert is shaped at its entry to form a conical section followed by a cylindrical section and the conical section guides the second piston assembly upon its entry to the first compression chamber. 10. The hydraulic damper according to claim 8, wherein the cross-sectional surface of the five equiangularly spaced grooves diminishes along their length. 11. The hydraulic damper according to claim 5, wherein the partition is provided with a cylindrical projection disposed slidably within the sleeve to provide axial guidance for said partition. | A hydraulic damper for a vehicle including a main tube. A first piston assembly is slideably disposed in the main tube and axially divides the main tube into a rebound chamber and a primary compression chamber. A hydraulic compression stop assembly is disposed in the primary compression chamber and includes a narrowed section extending between an open end and a closed end. A second piston assembly is slideably disposed in the narrowed section and is coupled with the first piston assembly. The second piston assembly has a piston tube that extends between an opened end and a shut end. A displaceable partition is slideably disposed in the piston tube. A first auxiliary compression chamber is defined between the partition and the closed end of the narrowed section. A second auxiliary compression chamber is defined between the partition and the shut end of the piston tube.1. A hydraulic damper for a vehicle, comprising:
a main tube extending about and along an axis and having a first inner diameter and filed with working liquid; a first piston assembly disposed in said main tube and axially dividing said main tube into a rebound chamber and a primary compression chamber, and axially moveable in a compression stroke and a rebound stroke to generate a damping force; a hydraulic compression stop assembly disposed in said compression chamber, said hydraulic compression stop assembly including:
a narrowed section disposed in said compression chamber of said main tube and extending between an open end and a closed end and having a second inner diameter being smaller than said first inner diameter of said main tube;
a second piston assembly slideably disposed in said narrowed section and coupled with said first piston assembly for axially moving with said first piston assembly for generating an additional damping force during said compression stroke;
said second piston assembly having a piston tube extending between an opened end and a shut end, with said shut end disposed opposite said closed end of said narrowed section; and
a displaceable partition slideably disposed in said piston tube of said second piston assembly for providing an additional damping force during said compression stroke, said displaceable partition defining a first auxiliary compression chamber between said partition and said closed end of said narrowed section, and a second auxiliary compression chamber between said partition and said shut end of said piston tube,
wherein a spring extends between said shut end of said second piston assembly and said partition to bias said partition toward said closed end of said narrowed section. 2. The hydraulic damper according to claim 1, wherein said first and second auxiliary compression chambers are fluid tightly separated by said partition. 3. The hydraulic damper according to claim 1, wherein said partition defines a pressure surface facing said closed end of said narrowed section providing sliding movement of said partition during a buildup of pressure in said first auxiliary compression chamber against said pressure surface. 4. The hydraulic damper according to claim 1, wherein said partition includes a pin extending axially toward said closed end of said narrowed section for acting as a mechanical bumper during axial movement of said partition. 5. The hydraulic damper according to claim 1, wherein a sleeve is disposed in said first auxiliary compression chamber and coupled with said piston tube. 6. The hydraulic damper according to claim 5, wherein said sleeve is threadedly connected to said piston tube. 7. The hydraulic damper according to claim 1, wherein said narrowed section is an insert received by said main tube. 8. The hydraulic damper according to claim 7, wherein said insert is provided at its entry with five equiangularly spaced grooves extending longitudinally towards a closed end of said first auxiliary compression chamber that allow the working liquid to flow out of and into the first auxiliary compression chamber around the second piston assembly respectively during compression and rebound stroke. 9. The hydraulic damper according to claim 8, wherein the insert is shaped at its entry to form a conical section followed by a cylindrical section and the conical section guides the second piston assembly upon its entry to the first compression chamber. 10. The hydraulic damper according to claim 8, wherein the cross-sectional surface of the five equiangularly spaced grooves diminishes along their length. 11. The hydraulic damper according to claim 5, wherein the partition is provided with a cylindrical projection disposed slidably within the sleeve to provide axial guidance for said partition. | 1,700 |
349,674 | 350,548 | 16,854,274 | 1,765 | A method of preparing a polymer-sand nanocomposite for water shutoff. The method includes applying a surface polymerization to sand particles. The surfaced polymerization formed by combining a polymerization initiator dissolved in a solvent with the sand particles to form a precursor sand mixture, combining a co-monomer and additional polymerization initiator in the presence of graphene, where the graphene is not functionalized, to form a precursor polymer mixture, and combining the precursor sand mixture and the precursor polymer mixture to form a sand-copolymer-graphene nanocomposite. The method further includes drying the sand-copolymer-graphene nanocomposite, preparing a polymer hydrogel, and combining the polymer hydrogel and the sand-copolymer-graphene nanocomposite to crosslink the components and form the polymer-sand nanocomposite. The associated method of forming a barrier to shut off or reduce unwanted production of water in a subterranean formation utilizing the polymer-sand nanocomposite is also provided. | 1. A method of preparing a polymer-sand nanocomposite for water shutoff, the method comprising:
applying a surface polymerization to the surface of sand particles by:
combining a polymerization initiator dissolved in a solvent with the sand particles to form a precursor sand mixture;
combining a co-monomer and additional polymerization initiator in the presence of graphene, where the graphene is not functionalized, to form a precursor polymer mixture; and
combining the precursor sand mixture and the precursor polymer mixture to form a sand-copolymer-graphene nanocomposite;
drying the sand-copolymer-graphene nanocomposite; preparing a polymer hydrogel by combining a hydrogel polymer, an organic cross-linker, and a salt; and combining the polymer hydrogel and the sand-copolymer-graphene nanocomposite to crosslink the sand-copolymer-graphene nanocomposite with the polymer hydrogel to form the polymer-sand nanocomposite. 2. The method of claim 1, where the hydrogel polymer is selected from polyacrylamide, polyacyrlonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, Polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, hydrolyzed PAM, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyurethane, polypropylene, or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. 3. The method of claim 1, where the salt is a monovalent salt, a divalent salt, or a combination of monovalent and divalent salts. 4. The method of claim 1, where combining the polymerization initiator and the sand particles comprises sonication for at least 30 minutes and subsequent heating to remove the solvent and form the precursor sand mixture. 5. The method of claim 1, where the co-monomer comprises styrene monomer and methyl methacrylate monomer at a volumetric ratio of 1:2 to 2:1. 6. The method of claim 1, where the co-monomer comprises styrene monomer and methyl methacrylate monomer at a volumetric ratio of 2:3 to 3:2. 7. The method of claim 1, where the precursor polymer mixture comprises 2 to 8 weight percent graphene. 8. The method of claim 1, where the polymerization initiator comprises azobisisobutyronitrile. 9. The method of claim 1, where preparing the polymer hydrogel further comprises combining a filler comprising zirconium hydroxide with water prior to addition of the hydrogel polymer, the organic cross-linker, and the salt. 10. The method of claim 1, where the filler is ZrG5. 11. The method of claim 1, where the organic cross-linker is N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide or a mixture of hydroquinone and hexamethylenetetramine. 12. The method of claim 1, where the sand particles have a size distribution of 20 to 40 mesh. 13. A method of forming a barrier to shut off or reduce unwanted production of water in a subterranean formation, the method comprising:
injecting a polymer-sand nanocomposite into one or more water producing fractures in the subterranean formation, the polymer-sand nanocomposite comprising sand with a surface polymerization mixed with a polymer hydrogel, where the surface polymerization comprises non-functionalized graphene and a co-polymer comprising two or more of polystyrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), polyacyrlonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyurethane, polypropylene, and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. 14. The method of claim 13, where the polymer hydrogel comprises a hydrogel polymer, an organic cross-linker, and a salt. 15. The method of claim 14, where the hydrogel polymer is selected from polyacrylamide, polyacyrlonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, Polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, hydrolyzed PAM, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyurethane, polypropylene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. 16. The method of claim 14, where the salt is a monovalent salt, a divalent salt, or a combination of monovalent and divalent salts. 17. The method of claim 13, where the surface polymerization comprises 2 to 8 weight percent of the non-functionalized graphene. 18. The method of claim 14, where the polymer hydrogel further comprises a filler, the filler comprising zirconium hydroxide. 19. The method of claim 18, where the filler is ZrG5. 20. The method of claim 13, where the sand particles have a size distribution of 20 to 40 mesh. | A method of preparing a polymer-sand nanocomposite for water shutoff. The method includes applying a surface polymerization to sand particles. The surfaced polymerization formed by combining a polymerization initiator dissolved in a solvent with the sand particles to form a precursor sand mixture, combining a co-monomer and additional polymerization initiator in the presence of graphene, where the graphene is not functionalized, to form a precursor polymer mixture, and combining the precursor sand mixture and the precursor polymer mixture to form a sand-copolymer-graphene nanocomposite. The method further includes drying the sand-copolymer-graphene nanocomposite, preparing a polymer hydrogel, and combining the polymer hydrogel and the sand-copolymer-graphene nanocomposite to crosslink the components and form the polymer-sand nanocomposite. The associated method of forming a barrier to shut off or reduce unwanted production of water in a subterranean formation utilizing the polymer-sand nanocomposite is also provided.1. A method of preparing a polymer-sand nanocomposite for water shutoff, the method comprising:
applying a surface polymerization to the surface of sand particles by:
combining a polymerization initiator dissolved in a solvent with the sand particles to form a precursor sand mixture;
combining a co-monomer and additional polymerization initiator in the presence of graphene, where the graphene is not functionalized, to form a precursor polymer mixture; and
combining the precursor sand mixture and the precursor polymer mixture to form a sand-copolymer-graphene nanocomposite;
drying the sand-copolymer-graphene nanocomposite; preparing a polymer hydrogel by combining a hydrogel polymer, an organic cross-linker, and a salt; and combining the polymer hydrogel and the sand-copolymer-graphene nanocomposite to crosslink the sand-copolymer-graphene nanocomposite with the polymer hydrogel to form the polymer-sand nanocomposite. 2. The method of claim 1, where the hydrogel polymer is selected from polyacrylamide, polyacyrlonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, Polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, hydrolyzed PAM, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyurethane, polypropylene, or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. 3. The method of claim 1, where the salt is a monovalent salt, a divalent salt, or a combination of monovalent and divalent salts. 4. The method of claim 1, where combining the polymerization initiator and the sand particles comprises sonication for at least 30 minutes and subsequent heating to remove the solvent and form the precursor sand mixture. 5. The method of claim 1, where the co-monomer comprises styrene monomer and methyl methacrylate monomer at a volumetric ratio of 1:2 to 2:1. 6. The method of claim 1, where the co-monomer comprises styrene monomer and methyl methacrylate monomer at a volumetric ratio of 2:3 to 3:2. 7. The method of claim 1, where the precursor polymer mixture comprises 2 to 8 weight percent graphene. 8. The method of claim 1, where the polymerization initiator comprises azobisisobutyronitrile. 9. The method of claim 1, where preparing the polymer hydrogel further comprises combining a filler comprising zirconium hydroxide with water prior to addition of the hydrogel polymer, the organic cross-linker, and the salt. 10. The method of claim 1, where the filler is ZrG5. 11. The method of claim 1, where the organic cross-linker is N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide or a mixture of hydroquinone and hexamethylenetetramine. 12. The method of claim 1, where the sand particles have a size distribution of 20 to 40 mesh. 13. A method of forming a barrier to shut off or reduce unwanted production of water in a subterranean formation, the method comprising:
injecting a polymer-sand nanocomposite into one or more water producing fractures in the subterranean formation, the polymer-sand nanocomposite comprising sand with a surface polymerization mixed with a polymer hydrogel, where the surface polymerization comprises non-functionalized graphene and a co-polymer comprising two or more of polystyrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), polyacyrlonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyurethane, polypropylene, and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. 14. The method of claim 13, where the polymer hydrogel comprises a hydrogel polymer, an organic cross-linker, and a salt. 15. The method of claim 14, where the hydrogel polymer is selected from polyacrylamide, polyacyrlonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, Polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, hydrolyzed PAM, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyurethane, polypropylene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. 16. The method of claim 14, where the salt is a monovalent salt, a divalent salt, or a combination of monovalent and divalent salts. 17. The method of claim 13, where the surface polymerization comprises 2 to 8 weight percent of the non-functionalized graphene. 18. The method of claim 14, where the polymer hydrogel further comprises a filler, the filler comprising zirconium hydroxide. 19. The method of claim 18, where the filler is ZrG5. 20. The method of claim 13, where the sand particles have a size distribution of 20 to 40 mesh. | 1,700 |
349,675 | 350,549 | 16,854,306 | 1,765 | In order to improve the reliability of a semiconductor device, in a memory cell of a split-gate type MONOS memory formed on a fin, a drain region is formed in an epitaxial layer on the fin, and a source region is formed in the fin, and a silicide layer is formed on an upper surface of the fin in which the source region is formed. | 1. A semiconductor device comprising:
a semiconductor substrate having a first region; a first protruding portion protruded from a bottom surface of a first groove formed in an upper surface of the semiconductor substrate, and extended in a first direction along the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate, the first protruding portion being a part of the semiconductor substrate in the first region; a first gate electrode formed on each of an upper surface of the first protruding portion and a side surface of the first protruding portion via a first insulating film, and extended in a second direction crossing to the first direction in plan view; a second gate electrode formed on each of the upper surface of the first protruding portion and the side surface of the first protruding portion via a second insulating film including a charge storage portion, and adjacent to one side surface of the first gate electrode via a third insulating film, and extended in the second direction; a first semiconductor layer formed on the upper surface of the first protruding portion located on the first gate electrode side, the first protruding portion sandwiching both the first gate electrode and the second gate electrode in plan view; a first semiconductor region formed in the first semiconductor layer, the first semiconductor region being a first conductive type region; a second semiconductor region formed in the first protruding portion located on the second gate electrode side, the second semiconductor region being the first conductive type region; and a silicide layer contacted with an upper surface of the second semiconductor region, wherein a width of the first semiconductor layer is larger than a width of the first protruding portion, and wherein the first gate electrode, the second gate electrode, the second insulating film, the first semiconductor region and the second semiconductor region compose a non-volatile memory element. 2. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a first conductive connecting portion formed on the non-volatile memory element; and a second conductive connecting portion formed on the non-volatile memory element, wherein the first conductive connecting portion is in contact with an upper surface of the first semiconductor layer, and wherein the second conductive connecting portion is in contact with an upper surface of the silicide layer. 3. The semiconductor device according to claim 1,
wherein a position of an upper surface of the first semiconductor layer is higher than a position of a lower surface of the second gate electrode, and wherein a position of an upper surface of the silicide layer is lower than a position of the lower surface of the second gate electrode. 4. The semiconductor device according to claim 1,
wherein a width of the first semiconductor region is larger than a width of the second semiconductor region. 5. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a second protruding portion protruded from a bottom surface of a second groove formed in the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate, and extended in a third direction along the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate, the second protruding portion being a part of the semiconductor substrate in a second region different from the first region; a third gate electrode formed on an upper surface of the second protruding portion via a fourth insulating film, and extended in a fourth direction crossing to the third direction in plan view; a pair of second semiconductor layers formed on the upper surface of the second protruding portion located on both sides of the third gate electrode, respectively, the second protruding portion sandwiching the third gate electrode in plan view; a drain region formed in one of the pair of second semiconductor layers; and a source region formed in the other of the pair of second semiconductor layers, wherein a width of each of the pair of second semiconductor layers is greater than a width of the second protruding portion, wherein the third gate electrode is made of a metal film, and wherein the third gate electrode, the drain region and the source region compose a field effect transistor. 6. The semiconductor device according to claim 1,
wherein, in the first region, a plurality of the first protruding portion is arranged in the second direction, and wherein, among the plurality of the first protruding portion, one of:
(1) the upper surface of the first protruding portion located at an end portion in the second direction, and
(2) the upper surface of a portion located at an end portion of the first protruding portion in the first direction and positioned next to the first gate electrode, 7. A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising:
(a) preparing a semiconductor substrate having a first region; (b) forming a first protruding portion, by forming a first groove on an upper surface of the semiconductor substrate in the first region, protruded from a bottom surface of the first groove, and extended in a first direction along the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate, the first protruding portion being comprised of a part of the semiconductor substrate in the first region; (c) forming an element isolation film filling the first groove located around the first protruding portion; (d) forming a first gate electrode on each of an upper surface of the first protruding portion and a side surface of the first protruding portion via a first insulating film, and forming a second gate electrode on each of the upper surface of the first protruding portion and the side surface of the first protruding portion via a second insulating film including a charge storage portion, the first gate electrode being extended in a second direction crossing to the first direction in plan view, the second gate electrode being adjacent to one side surface of the first gate electrode via a third insulating film, and the second gate electrode being extended in the second direction; (e) forming a first epitaxial layer on the upper surface of the first protruding portion located on the first gate electrode side, the first protruding portion sandwiching both the first gate electrode and the second gate electrode in plan view; (f) forming a first semiconductor region in the first epitaxial layer, and forming a second semiconductor region in the first protruding portion located on the second gate electrode side, the first semiconductor region being a first conductive type region, and the second semiconductor region being the first conductive type region; and (g) after the (f), forming a first silicide layer on each of an upper surface of the first gate electrode and an upper surface of the second gate electrode, and forming a second silicide layer on the upper surface of the first protruding portion located on the second gate electrode side, the second silicide layer being electrically connected with the second semiconductor region, wherein the first gate electrode, the second gate electrode, the second insulating film, the first semiconductor region and the second semiconductor region compose a non-volatile memory element. 8. The method according to claim 7,
wherein the semiconductor substrate has a second region, wherein, in the (b), a second protruding portion is formed by forming a second groove on the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate in the second region, the second protruding portion being comprised of a part of the semiconductor substrate in the second region, the second protruding portion being protruded from a bottom surface of the second groove, and the second protruding portion being extended in a third direction along the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate, wherein, in the (c), the element isolation film filling the second groove located around the second protruding portion is formed, wherein, in the (d), a third gate electrode is formed on each of an upper surface of the second protruding portion and a side surface of the second protruding portion via a fourth insulating film, the third gate electrode being extended in a fourth direction crossing to the third direction in plan view, wherein, in the (e), a pair of second epitaxial layers is formed on the upper surface of the second protruding portion located on both sides of the third gate electrode, respectively, the second protruding portion sandwiching the third gate electrode in plan view; wherein, in the (f), a source region is formed in one of the pair of second epitaxial layers, wherein, in the (f), a drain region is formed in the other of the pair of second epitaxial layers, wherein the source region being the first conductive type region, wherein the drain region being the first conductive type region, wherein the method according to claim 7 further comprising:
(f1) after the (f), removing the third gate electrode, and forming a fourth gate electrode on each of the upper surface of the second protruding portion between the pair of second epitaxial layers and the side surface of the second protruding portion between the pair of second epitaxial layers, the fourth gate electrode being extended in the fourth direction, and the fourth gate electrode being made of a first metal film, and
wherein the fourth gate electrode, the source region and the drain region compose a field effect transistor. 9. The method according to claim 8,
wherein the (f1) is performed before the (g). 10. The method according to claim 9,
wherein (f1) further comprising:
(f2) removing the third gate electrode,
(f3) after the (f2), forming a first film on each of the upper surface of the second protruding portion between the pair of second epitaxial layers and the side surface of the second protruding portion between the pair of second epitaxial layers,
(f4) after the (f3), performing a heat treatment with first temperature against the semiconductor substrate, and
(f5) after the (f4), forming the fourth gate electrode on each of the upper surface of the second protruding portion and the side surface of the second protruding portion via the first film, and
wherein the (g) further comprising:
(g1) forming a second metal film covering each of the upper surface of the first gate electrode and the upper surface of the second gate electrode,
(g2) after the (g1), forming the first silicide layer and the second silicide layer by performing a heat treatment with a second temperature lower than the first temperature against the semiconductor substrate, and
(g3) after the (g2), performing a heat treatment with a third temperature lower than the first temperature against the semiconductor substrate. 11. The method according to claim 7, further comprising:
(h) after the (g), forming a first conductive connecting portion that is in contact with an upper surface of the first epitaxial layer, and forming a second conductive connecting portion that is in contact with an upper surface of the second silicide layer. 12. The method according to claim 7, further comprising:
(d1) after the (d) and before the (e), forming a third groove by etching the upper surface of the first protruding portion located on the first gate electrode side, wherein, in the (e), the first epitaxial layer is formed on the third groove. 13. The method according to claim 7, further comprising:
(f6) after the (f) and before the (g), forming an interlayer insulating film covering the first epitaxial layer and exposing the upper surface of the first protruding portion located on the second gate electrode side, wherein, in the (g), the first silicide layer and the second silicide layer are formed in such a state that the first epitaxial layer is covered with the interlayer insulating film. 14. The method according to claim 7,
wherein, in the (b), a plurality of the first protruding portion is formed so as to be arranged in the second direction, in the first region, and wherein, in the (e), the first epitaxial layer is formed in such a state that, among the plurality of the first protruding portion, one of:
(1) the upper surface of the first protruding portion located at an end portion in the second direction, and
(2) the upper surface of a portion located at an end portion of the first protruding portion in the first direction and positioned next to the first gate electrode, | In order to improve the reliability of a semiconductor device, in a memory cell of a split-gate type MONOS memory formed on a fin, a drain region is formed in an epitaxial layer on the fin, and a source region is formed in the fin, and a silicide layer is formed on an upper surface of the fin in which the source region is formed.1. A semiconductor device comprising:
a semiconductor substrate having a first region; a first protruding portion protruded from a bottom surface of a first groove formed in an upper surface of the semiconductor substrate, and extended in a first direction along the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate, the first protruding portion being a part of the semiconductor substrate in the first region; a first gate electrode formed on each of an upper surface of the first protruding portion and a side surface of the first protruding portion via a first insulating film, and extended in a second direction crossing to the first direction in plan view; a second gate electrode formed on each of the upper surface of the first protruding portion and the side surface of the first protruding portion via a second insulating film including a charge storage portion, and adjacent to one side surface of the first gate electrode via a third insulating film, and extended in the second direction; a first semiconductor layer formed on the upper surface of the first protruding portion located on the first gate electrode side, the first protruding portion sandwiching both the first gate electrode and the second gate electrode in plan view; a first semiconductor region formed in the first semiconductor layer, the first semiconductor region being a first conductive type region; a second semiconductor region formed in the first protruding portion located on the second gate electrode side, the second semiconductor region being the first conductive type region; and a silicide layer contacted with an upper surface of the second semiconductor region, wherein a width of the first semiconductor layer is larger than a width of the first protruding portion, and wherein the first gate electrode, the second gate electrode, the second insulating film, the first semiconductor region and the second semiconductor region compose a non-volatile memory element. 2. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a first conductive connecting portion formed on the non-volatile memory element; and a second conductive connecting portion formed on the non-volatile memory element, wherein the first conductive connecting portion is in contact with an upper surface of the first semiconductor layer, and wherein the second conductive connecting portion is in contact with an upper surface of the silicide layer. 3. The semiconductor device according to claim 1,
wherein a position of an upper surface of the first semiconductor layer is higher than a position of a lower surface of the second gate electrode, and wherein a position of an upper surface of the silicide layer is lower than a position of the lower surface of the second gate electrode. 4. The semiconductor device according to claim 1,
wherein a width of the first semiconductor region is larger than a width of the second semiconductor region. 5. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a second protruding portion protruded from a bottom surface of a second groove formed in the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate, and extended in a third direction along the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate, the second protruding portion being a part of the semiconductor substrate in a second region different from the first region; a third gate electrode formed on an upper surface of the second protruding portion via a fourth insulating film, and extended in a fourth direction crossing to the third direction in plan view; a pair of second semiconductor layers formed on the upper surface of the second protruding portion located on both sides of the third gate electrode, respectively, the second protruding portion sandwiching the third gate electrode in plan view; a drain region formed in one of the pair of second semiconductor layers; and a source region formed in the other of the pair of second semiconductor layers, wherein a width of each of the pair of second semiconductor layers is greater than a width of the second protruding portion, wherein the third gate electrode is made of a metal film, and wherein the third gate electrode, the drain region and the source region compose a field effect transistor. 6. The semiconductor device according to claim 1,
wherein, in the first region, a plurality of the first protruding portion is arranged in the second direction, and wherein, among the plurality of the first protruding portion, one of:
(1) the upper surface of the first protruding portion located at an end portion in the second direction, and
(2) the upper surface of a portion located at an end portion of the first protruding portion in the first direction and positioned next to the first gate electrode, 7. A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising:
(a) preparing a semiconductor substrate having a first region; (b) forming a first protruding portion, by forming a first groove on an upper surface of the semiconductor substrate in the first region, protruded from a bottom surface of the first groove, and extended in a first direction along the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate, the first protruding portion being comprised of a part of the semiconductor substrate in the first region; (c) forming an element isolation film filling the first groove located around the first protruding portion; (d) forming a first gate electrode on each of an upper surface of the first protruding portion and a side surface of the first protruding portion via a first insulating film, and forming a second gate electrode on each of the upper surface of the first protruding portion and the side surface of the first protruding portion via a second insulating film including a charge storage portion, the first gate electrode being extended in a second direction crossing to the first direction in plan view, the second gate electrode being adjacent to one side surface of the first gate electrode via a third insulating film, and the second gate electrode being extended in the second direction; (e) forming a first epitaxial layer on the upper surface of the first protruding portion located on the first gate electrode side, the first protruding portion sandwiching both the first gate electrode and the second gate electrode in plan view; (f) forming a first semiconductor region in the first epitaxial layer, and forming a second semiconductor region in the first protruding portion located on the second gate electrode side, the first semiconductor region being a first conductive type region, and the second semiconductor region being the first conductive type region; and (g) after the (f), forming a first silicide layer on each of an upper surface of the first gate electrode and an upper surface of the second gate electrode, and forming a second silicide layer on the upper surface of the first protruding portion located on the second gate electrode side, the second silicide layer being electrically connected with the second semiconductor region, wherein the first gate electrode, the second gate electrode, the second insulating film, the first semiconductor region and the second semiconductor region compose a non-volatile memory element. 8. The method according to claim 7,
wherein the semiconductor substrate has a second region, wherein, in the (b), a second protruding portion is formed by forming a second groove on the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate in the second region, the second protruding portion being comprised of a part of the semiconductor substrate in the second region, the second protruding portion being protruded from a bottom surface of the second groove, and the second protruding portion being extended in a third direction along the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate, wherein, in the (c), the element isolation film filling the second groove located around the second protruding portion is formed, wherein, in the (d), a third gate electrode is formed on each of an upper surface of the second protruding portion and a side surface of the second protruding portion via a fourth insulating film, the third gate electrode being extended in a fourth direction crossing to the third direction in plan view, wherein, in the (e), a pair of second epitaxial layers is formed on the upper surface of the second protruding portion located on both sides of the third gate electrode, respectively, the second protruding portion sandwiching the third gate electrode in plan view; wherein, in the (f), a source region is formed in one of the pair of second epitaxial layers, wherein, in the (f), a drain region is formed in the other of the pair of second epitaxial layers, wherein the source region being the first conductive type region, wherein the drain region being the first conductive type region, wherein the method according to claim 7 further comprising:
(f1) after the (f), removing the third gate electrode, and forming a fourth gate electrode on each of the upper surface of the second protruding portion between the pair of second epitaxial layers and the side surface of the second protruding portion between the pair of second epitaxial layers, the fourth gate electrode being extended in the fourth direction, and the fourth gate electrode being made of a first metal film, and
wherein the fourth gate electrode, the source region and the drain region compose a field effect transistor. 9. The method according to claim 8,
wherein the (f1) is performed before the (g). 10. The method according to claim 9,
wherein (f1) further comprising:
(f2) removing the third gate electrode,
(f3) after the (f2), forming a first film on each of the upper surface of the second protruding portion between the pair of second epitaxial layers and the side surface of the second protruding portion between the pair of second epitaxial layers,
(f4) after the (f3), performing a heat treatment with first temperature against the semiconductor substrate, and
(f5) after the (f4), forming the fourth gate electrode on each of the upper surface of the second protruding portion and the side surface of the second protruding portion via the first film, and
wherein the (g) further comprising:
(g1) forming a second metal film covering each of the upper surface of the first gate electrode and the upper surface of the second gate electrode,
(g2) after the (g1), forming the first silicide layer and the second silicide layer by performing a heat treatment with a second temperature lower than the first temperature against the semiconductor substrate, and
(g3) after the (g2), performing a heat treatment with a third temperature lower than the first temperature against the semiconductor substrate. 11. The method according to claim 7, further comprising:
(h) after the (g), forming a first conductive connecting portion that is in contact with an upper surface of the first epitaxial layer, and forming a second conductive connecting portion that is in contact with an upper surface of the second silicide layer. 12. The method according to claim 7, further comprising:
(d1) after the (d) and before the (e), forming a third groove by etching the upper surface of the first protruding portion located on the first gate electrode side, wherein, in the (e), the first epitaxial layer is formed on the third groove. 13. The method according to claim 7, further comprising:
(f6) after the (f) and before the (g), forming an interlayer insulating film covering the first epitaxial layer and exposing the upper surface of the first protruding portion located on the second gate electrode side, wherein, in the (g), the first silicide layer and the second silicide layer are formed in such a state that the first epitaxial layer is covered with the interlayer insulating film. 14. The method according to claim 7,
wherein, in the (b), a plurality of the first protruding portion is formed so as to be arranged in the second direction, in the first region, and wherein, in the (e), the first epitaxial layer is formed in such a state that, among the plurality of the first protruding portion, one of:
(1) the upper surface of the first protruding portion located at an end portion in the second direction, and
(2) the upper surface of a portion located at an end portion of the first protruding portion in the first direction and positioned next to the first gate electrode, | 1,700 |
349,676 | 350,550 | 16,854,293 | 1,765 | A first organic insulating film is arranged on a first substrate in a circumference area outside an active area. A mounting portion is located in the circumference area for mounting a signal source. A second organic insulating film is formed on a second substrate in the circumference area so as to face the first substrate. The second substrate exposes the mounting portion. A seal material is arranged between the first organic insulating film and the second organic insulating film to attach the first substrate and the second substrate. A resin layer is arranged between the first organic insulating film and the second organic insulating film in the circumference area, and formed in a rectangular frame shape including four linear ends. An end along the mounting portion is formed broadly than other ends. | 1-15. (canceled) 16: A display device comprising:
a first substrate; a first organic insulating film arranged in a circumference area outside a display area for displaying images; a signal source circuit located along a first side of the first substrate in the circumference area; a second substrate; a second organic insulating film formed in the circumference area on the second substrate to face the first substrate; a seal material arranged between the first organic insulating film and the second organic insulating film to attach the first substrate and the second substrate; a resin layer arranged between the first organic insulating film and the second organic insulating film in the circumference area, and formed in a rectangular frame shape; a first polarizing plate arranged in an external surface of the first substrate; and a second polarizing plate arranged in an external surface of the second substrate, wherein a signal source circuit area where the signal source circuit is located is exposed without overlapping with the second substrate, and a width of the resin layer along the first side of the first substrate is larger than a width of the resin layer along other sides of the first substrate. 17: The display device according to claim 16, wherein
ends of the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate along the first side are located inside an end of the second substrate along the first side. 18: The display device according to claim 17, wherein
the seal material is arranged between the first organic insulating film and the resin layer. 19: The display device according to claim 17, wherein
the seal material is arranged between the second organic insulating film and the resin layer. 20: The display device according to claim 18, wherein
the ends of the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate along the first side are located outside an end of the seal material. 21: The display device according to claim 19, wherein
the ends of the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate along the first side are located outside an end of the seal material. | A first organic insulating film is arranged on a first substrate in a circumference area outside an active area. A mounting portion is located in the circumference area for mounting a signal source. A second organic insulating film is formed on a second substrate in the circumference area so as to face the first substrate. The second substrate exposes the mounting portion. A seal material is arranged between the first organic insulating film and the second organic insulating film to attach the first substrate and the second substrate. A resin layer is arranged between the first organic insulating film and the second organic insulating film in the circumference area, and formed in a rectangular frame shape including four linear ends. An end along the mounting portion is formed broadly than other ends.1-15. (canceled) 16: A display device comprising:
a first substrate; a first organic insulating film arranged in a circumference area outside a display area for displaying images; a signal source circuit located along a first side of the first substrate in the circumference area; a second substrate; a second organic insulating film formed in the circumference area on the second substrate to face the first substrate; a seal material arranged between the first organic insulating film and the second organic insulating film to attach the first substrate and the second substrate; a resin layer arranged between the first organic insulating film and the second organic insulating film in the circumference area, and formed in a rectangular frame shape; a first polarizing plate arranged in an external surface of the first substrate; and a second polarizing plate arranged in an external surface of the second substrate, wherein a signal source circuit area where the signal source circuit is located is exposed without overlapping with the second substrate, and a width of the resin layer along the first side of the first substrate is larger than a width of the resin layer along other sides of the first substrate. 17: The display device according to claim 16, wherein
ends of the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate along the first side are located inside an end of the second substrate along the first side. 18: The display device according to claim 17, wherein
the seal material is arranged between the first organic insulating film and the resin layer. 19: The display device according to claim 17, wherein
the seal material is arranged between the second organic insulating film and the resin layer. 20: The display device according to claim 18, wherein
the ends of the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate along the first side are located outside an end of the seal material. 21: The display device according to claim 19, wherein
the ends of the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate along the first side are located outside an end of the seal material. | 1,700 |
349,677 | 350,551 | 16,854,309 | 1,765 | [Object] To make it possible to improve viewing angle characteristics more. | 1. A display device comprising:
a plurality of light emitting sections formed on a substrate; and a color filter provided on the light emitting section to correspond to each of the plurality of light emitting sections, wherein the light emitting sections and the color filters are arranged such that, in at least a partial region in a display surface, a relative misalignment between a center of a luminescence surface of the light emitting section and a center of the color filter corresponding to the light emitting section is created in a plane perpendicular to a stacking direction. 2. The display device according to claim 1,
wherein areas of the plurality of color filters have a distribution in the display surface, and thereby the relative misalignment is created. 3. The display device according to claim 2,
wherein a plurality of regions are set in the display surface and an area of a color filter located between adjacent ones of the regions is different from an area of another color filter, and thereby the relative misalignment is created with amounts of misalignment different from each other between regions. 4. The display device according to claim 2,
wherein the areas of the plurality of color filters gradually change in the display surface, and thereby the relative misalignment is created. 5. The display device according to claim 1,
wherein a pitch with which the light emitting sections are arranged on the substrate is different in at least a partial region from the pitch in another region, and thereby the relative misalignment is created. 6. The display device according to claim 1,
wherein an amount of misalignment of the relative misalignment becomes larger with proximity to an outer edge of the display surface. 7. The display device according to claim 1,
wherein an amount of misalignment in the relative misalignment and a misalignment direction of the center of the color filter corresponding to the light emitting section with respect to the center of the luminescence surface of the light emitting section in the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction are set in accordance with a viewing angle required of a pixel including the light emitting section and the color filter in which the relative misalignment is created. 8. The display device according to claim 1,
wherein, in the relative misalignment, a misalignment direction of the center of the color filter corresponding to the light emitting section with respect to the center of the luminescence surface of the light emitting section in the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction is a direction from a center of the display surface toward a position where the light emitting section and the color filter in which the relative misalignment is created exist in the display surface. 9. The display device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a first member provided immediately above the light emitting section, having a substantially truncated conical or pyramidal shape in which a cross-sectional area in an in-plane direction perpendicular to the stacking direction gradually increases with proximity to a top, and configured to propagate emission light from the light emitting section; and a second member provided between the first members, between adjacent ones of the light emitting sections, wherein a refractive index of the first member is larger than a refractive index of the second member. 10. The display device according to claim 1,
wherein the light emitting section is a light emitting element including an organic light emitting diode, and the display device is an organic EL display. 11. An electronic apparatus comprising:
a display device configured to perform display on a basis of an image signal, wherein the display device includes
a plurality of light emitting sections formed on a substrate, and
a color filter provided on the light emitting section to correspond to each of the plurality of light emitting sections, and
the light emitting sections and the color filters are arranged such that, in at least a partial region in a display surface, a relative misalignment between a center of a luminescence surface of the light emitting section and a center of the color filter corresponding to the light emitting section is created in a plane perpendicular to a stacking direction. | [Object] To make it possible to improve viewing angle characteristics more.1. A display device comprising:
a plurality of light emitting sections formed on a substrate; and a color filter provided on the light emitting section to correspond to each of the plurality of light emitting sections, wherein the light emitting sections and the color filters are arranged such that, in at least a partial region in a display surface, a relative misalignment between a center of a luminescence surface of the light emitting section and a center of the color filter corresponding to the light emitting section is created in a plane perpendicular to a stacking direction. 2. The display device according to claim 1,
wherein areas of the plurality of color filters have a distribution in the display surface, and thereby the relative misalignment is created. 3. The display device according to claim 2,
wherein a plurality of regions are set in the display surface and an area of a color filter located between adjacent ones of the regions is different from an area of another color filter, and thereby the relative misalignment is created with amounts of misalignment different from each other between regions. 4. The display device according to claim 2,
wherein the areas of the plurality of color filters gradually change in the display surface, and thereby the relative misalignment is created. 5. The display device according to claim 1,
wherein a pitch with which the light emitting sections are arranged on the substrate is different in at least a partial region from the pitch in another region, and thereby the relative misalignment is created. 6. The display device according to claim 1,
wherein an amount of misalignment of the relative misalignment becomes larger with proximity to an outer edge of the display surface. 7. The display device according to claim 1,
wherein an amount of misalignment in the relative misalignment and a misalignment direction of the center of the color filter corresponding to the light emitting section with respect to the center of the luminescence surface of the light emitting section in the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction are set in accordance with a viewing angle required of a pixel including the light emitting section and the color filter in which the relative misalignment is created. 8. The display device according to claim 1,
wherein, in the relative misalignment, a misalignment direction of the center of the color filter corresponding to the light emitting section with respect to the center of the luminescence surface of the light emitting section in the plane perpendicular to the stacking direction is a direction from a center of the display surface toward a position where the light emitting section and the color filter in which the relative misalignment is created exist in the display surface. 9. The display device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a first member provided immediately above the light emitting section, having a substantially truncated conical or pyramidal shape in which a cross-sectional area in an in-plane direction perpendicular to the stacking direction gradually increases with proximity to a top, and configured to propagate emission light from the light emitting section; and a second member provided between the first members, between adjacent ones of the light emitting sections, wherein a refractive index of the first member is larger than a refractive index of the second member. 10. The display device according to claim 1,
wherein the light emitting section is a light emitting element including an organic light emitting diode, and the display device is an organic EL display. 11. An electronic apparatus comprising:
a display device configured to perform display on a basis of an image signal, wherein the display device includes
a plurality of light emitting sections formed on a substrate, and
a color filter provided on the light emitting section to correspond to each of the plurality of light emitting sections, and
the light emitting sections and the color filters are arranged such that, in at least a partial region in a display surface, a relative misalignment between a center of a luminescence surface of the light emitting section and a center of the color filter corresponding to the light emitting section is created in a plane perpendicular to a stacking direction. | 1,700 |
349,678 | 350,552 | 16,854,315 | 2,838 | A circuit and a method for providing a switchable current linkage between a first terminal and a second terminal is presented. The circuit has a transistor switch and a charge pump circuit. An output node of the charge pump circuit is coupled to a control terminal of the transistor device, and an input node of the charge pump circuit is coupled to a predetermined voltage. The charge pump generates a boosted voltage. A drive circuit provides feedback control for the current flowing through the transistor. The drive circuit also controls the voltage magnitude at the input node of the charge pump circuit in accordance with the feedback control or to control a magnitude of a voltage at the control terminal of the transistor device in accordance with the feedback control. | 1. A circuit for providing a switchable current linkage between a first terminal and a second terminal, the circuit comprising:
a transistor device that acts as a switch device; a charge pump circuit, wherein an output node of the charge pump circuit is coupled to a control terminal of the transistor device and an input node of the charge pump circuit is coupled to a predetermined voltage on the circuit, and wherein the charge pump circuit is adapted to generate a boosted voltage that has the same sign as a voltage at the input node of the charge pump circuit but a greater magnitude than the voltage at the input node of the charge pump circuit; and a drive circuit coupled to the charge pump circuit, wherein the drive circuit is adapted to provide feedback control for controlling a current flowing through the transistor device based on a quantity indicative of the current flowing through the transistor device or a voltage drop across the transistor device; and the drive circuit is further adapted to: control a magnitude of the voltage at the input node of the charge pump circuit in accordance with the feedback control, or control a magnitude of a voltage at the control terminal of the transistor device in accordance with the feedback control when being coupled to the output node of the charge pump circuit and being supplied by an output of the charge pump circuit. 2. The circuit according to claim 1, wherein the charge pump circuit is also coupled to a source terminal of the transistor device and is adapted to output, as the boosted voltage, a voltage the magnitude of which exceeds the magnitude of the voltage at the input node of the charge pump circuit by at least the magnitude of a voltage at the source terminal of the transistor device. 3. The circuit according to claim 1, wherein the charge pump circuit comprises:
a capacitive device; and first to fourth switches arranged to alternatingly couple the capacitive device between the input node of the charge pump circuit and ground, and between the source terminal of the transistor device and the output node of the charge pump circuit. 4. The circuit according to claim 3, wherein the first switch is coupled between the input node of the charge pump circuit and a first terminal of the capacitive device, the second switch is coupled between a second terminal of the capacitive device and ground, the third switch is coupled between the first terminal of the capacitive device and the output node of the charge pump circuit, and the fourth switch is coupled between the second terminal of the capacitive device and the source terminal of the transistor device. 5. The circuit according to claim 3, further comprising a control circuit for controlling the charge pump circuit,
wherein the control circuit is adapted to control the first to fourth switches to alternatingly couple the capacitive device between the input node of the charge pump circuit and ground, and between the source terminal of the transistor device and the output node of the charge pump circuit. 6. The circuit according to claim 1, wherein the drive circuit is coupled to the input node of the charge pump circuit, and wherein the drive circuit is adapted to control the magnitude of the voltage at the input node of the charge pump circuit in accordance with the feedback control, by sinking a current from the input node of the charge pump circuit or by sourcing a current to the input node of the charge pump circuit. 7. The circuit according to claim 6, wherein the drive circuit is adapted to compare the quantity indicative of the current flowing through the transistor device or the voltage drop across the transistor device to a reference value for said quantity, and to sink the current from the input node of the charge pump circuit based on a result of the comparison or to source the current to the input node of the charge pump circuit based on the result of the comparison. 8. The circuit according to claim 6, further comprising a replica device of the transistor device, wherein the replica device is connected in parallel to the transistor device and a control terminal of the replica device is coupled to the control terminal of the transistor device,
wherein the drive circuit comprises: a current generator coupled between the replica device and ground; a differential amplifier, one input terminal of which is coupled to an intermediate node between the current generator and the replica device, and the other input terminal of which is coupled to the source terminal of the transistor device; a first drive circuit transistor that operates under control of the differential amplifier and is coupled between the intermediate node and ground; and a second drive circuit transistor that forms a current mirror with the first drive circuit transistor and is coupled between the input node of the charge pump circuit and ground. 9. The circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a second charge pump circuit for generating the predetermined voltage. 10. A method of controlling a circuit for providing a switchable current linkage between a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the circuit comprises a transistor device that acts as a switch device, the method comprising the steps of:
generating, by means of a charge pump circuit, a boosted voltage that has the same sign as a voltage at an input node of the charge pump circuit but a greater magnitude than the voltage at the input node of the charge pump circuit, wherein an output node of the charge pump circuit is coupled to a control terminal of the transistor device and the input node of the charge pump circuit is coupled to a predetermined voltage on the circuit; providing feedback control for controlling a current flowing through the transistor device based on a quantity indicative of the current flowing through the transistor device or a voltage drop across the transistor device; and controlling a magnitude of the voltage at the input node of the charge pump circuit in accordance with the feedback control or controlling a magnitude of a voltage at the control terminal of the transistor device in accordance with the feedback control. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the charge pump circuit is also coupled to a source terminal of the transistor device, and the method comprises the step of:
generating, as the boosted voltage, a voltage the magnitude of which is exceeds the magnitude of the voltage at the input node of the charge pump circuit by at least the magnitude of a voltage at the source terminal of the transistor device. 12. The method according to claim 10, wherein the charge pump circuit comprises:
a capacitive device; and first to fourth switches arranged to alternatingly couple the capacitive device between the input node of the charge pump circuit and ground, and between the source terminal of the transistor device and the output node of the charge pump circuit. 13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the first switch is coupled between the input node of the charge pump circuit and a first terminal of the capacitive device, the second switch is coupled between a second terminal of the capacitive device and ground, the third switch is coupled between the first terminal of the capacitive device and the output node of the charge pump circuit, and the fourth switch is coupled between the second terminal of the capacitive device and the source terminal of the transistor device. 14. The method according to claim 12, further comprising the step of:
controlling the first to fourth switches to alternatingly couple the capacitive device between the input node of the charge pump circuit and ground, and between the source terminal of the transistor device and the output node of the charge pump circuit. 15. The method according to claim 10, further comprising the step of:
controlling the magnitude of the voltage at the input node of the charge pump circuit in accordance with the feedback control, by sinking a current from the input node of the charge pump circuit or by sourcing a current to the input node of the charge pump circuit. 16. The method according to claim 15, further comprising the step of:
comparing the quantity indicative of the current flowing through the transistor device or the voltage drop across the transistor device to a reference value for said quantity; and sinking the current from the input node of the charge pump circuit based on a result of the comparison or sourcing the current to the input node of the charge pump circuit based on the result of the comparison. 17. The method according to claim 19, further comprising the steps of:
sensing a current that flows through a replica device of the transistor device, wherein the replica device is connected in parallel to the transistor device and a control terminal of the replica device is coupled to the control terminal of the transistor device; sinking a predetermined current from the replica device to ground by means of a current generator; comparing a voltage at an intermediate node between the current generator and the replica device and the voltage at the source terminal of the transistor device by means of a differential amplifier; and controlling a first drive circuit transistor in dependence on an output of the differential amplifier, wherein the first drive circuit transistor is coupled between the intermediate node and ground and forms a current mirror with a second drive circuit transistor that is coupled between the input node of the charge pump circuit and ground. 18. The method according to claim 10, further comprising the step of:
generating the predetermined voltage using a second charge pump circuit. | A circuit and a method for providing a switchable current linkage between a first terminal and a second terminal is presented. The circuit has a transistor switch and a charge pump circuit. An output node of the charge pump circuit is coupled to a control terminal of the transistor device, and an input node of the charge pump circuit is coupled to a predetermined voltage. The charge pump generates a boosted voltage. A drive circuit provides feedback control for the current flowing through the transistor. The drive circuit also controls the voltage magnitude at the input node of the charge pump circuit in accordance with the feedback control or to control a magnitude of a voltage at the control terminal of the transistor device in accordance with the feedback control.1. A circuit for providing a switchable current linkage between a first terminal and a second terminal, the circuit comprising:
a transistor device that acts as a switch device; a charge pump circuit, wherein an output node of the charge pump circuit is coupled to a control terminal of the transistor device and an input node of the charge pump circuit is coupled to a predetermined voltage on the circuit, and wherein the charge pump circuit is adapted to generate a boosted voltage that has the same sign as a voltage at the input node of the charge pump circuit but a greater magnitude than the voltage at the input node of the charge pump circuit; and a drive circuit coupled to the charge pump circuit, wherein the drive circuit is adapted to provide feedback control for controlling a current flowing through the transistor device based on a quantity indicative of the current flowing through the transistor device or a voltage drop across the transistor device; and the drive circuit is further adapted to: control a magnitude of the voltage at the input node of the charge pump circuit in accordance with the feedback control, or control a magnitude of a voltage at the control terminal of the transistor device in accordance with the feedback control when being coupled to the output node of the charge pump circuit and being supplied by an output of the charge pump circuit. 2. The circuit according to claim 1, wherein the charge pump circuit is also coupled to a source terminal of the transistor device and is adapted to output, as the boosted voltage, a voltage the magnitude of which exceeds the magnitude of the voltage at the input node of the charge pump circuit by at least the magnitude of a voltage at the source terminal of the transistor device. 3. The circuit according to claim 1, wherein the charge pump circuit comprises:
a capacitive device; and first to fourth switches arranged to alternatingly couple the capacitive device between the input node of the charge pump circuit and ground, and between the source terminal of the transistor device and the output node of the charge pump circuit. 4. The circuit according to claim 3, wherein the first switch is coupled between the input node of the charge pump circuit and a first terminal of the capacitive device, the second switch is coupled between a second terminal of the capacitive device and ground, the third switch is coupled between the first terminal of the capacitive device and the output node of the charge pump circuit, and the fourth switch is coupled between the second terminal of the capacitive device and the source terminal of the transistor device. 5. The circuit according to claim 3, further comprising a control circuit for controlling the charge pump circuit,
wherein the control circuit is adapted to control the first to fourth switches to alternatingly couple the capacitive device between the input node of the charge pump circuit and ground, and between the source terminal of the transistor device and the output node of the charge pump circuit. 6. The circuit according to claim 1, wherein the drive circuit is coupled to the input node of the charge pump circuit, and wherein the drive circuit is adapted to control the magnitude of the voltage at the input node of the charge pump circuit in accordance with the feedback control, by sinking a current from the input node of the charge pump circuit or by sourcing a current to the input node of the charge pump circuit. 7. The circuit according to claim 6, wherein the drive circuit is adapted to compare the quantity indicative of the current flowing through the transistor device or the voltage drop across the transistor device to a reference value for said quantity, and to sink the current from the input node of the charge pump circuit based on a result of the comparison or to source the current to the input node of the charge pump circuit based on the result of the comparison. 8. The circuit according to claim 6, further comprising a replica device of the transistor device, wherein the replica device is connected in parallel to the transistor device and a control terminal of the replica device is coupled to the control terminal of the transistor device,
wherein the drive circuit comprises: a current generator coupled between the replica device and ground; a differential amplifier, one input terminal of which is coupled to an intermediate node between the current generator and the replica device, and the other input terminal of which is coupled to the source terminal of the transistor device; a first drive circuit transistor that operates under control of the differential amplifier and is coupled between the intermediate node and ground; and a second drive circuit transistor that forms a current mirror with the first drive circuit transistor and is coupled between the input node of the charge pump circuit and ground. 9. The circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a second charge pump circuit for generating the predetermined voltage. 10. A method of controlling a circuit for providing a switchable current linkage between a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the circuit comprises a transistor device that acts as a switch device, the method comprising the steps of:
generating, by means of a charge pump circuit, a boosted voltage that has the same sign as a voltage at an input node of the charge pump circuit but a greater magnitude than the voltage at the input node of the charge pump circuit, wherein an output node of the charge pump circuit is coupled to a control terminal of the transistor device and the input node of the charge pump circuit is coupled to a predetermined voltage on the circuit; providing feedback control for controlling a current flowing through the transistor device based on a quantity indicative of the current flowing through the transistor device or a voltage drop across the transistor device; and controlling a magnitude of the voltage at the input node of the charge pump circuit in accordance with the feedback control or controlling a magnitude of a voltage at the control terminal of the transistor device in accordance with the feedback control. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the charge pump circuit is also coupled to a source terminal of the transistor device, and the method comprises the step of:
generating, as the boosted voltage, a voltage the magnitude of which is exceeds the magnitude of the voltage at the input node of the charge pump circuit by at least the magnitude of a voltage at the source terminal of the transistor device. 12. The method according to claim 10, wherein the charge pump circuit comprises:
a capacitive device; and first to fourth switches arranged to alternatingly couple the capacitive device between the input node of the charge pump circuit and ground, and between the source terminal of the transistor device and the output node of the charge pump circuit. 13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the first switch is coupled between the input node of the charge pump circuit and a first terminal of the capacitive device, the second switch is coupled between a second terminal of the capacitive device and ground, the third switch is coupled between the first terminal of the capacitive device and the output node of the charge pump circuit, and the fourth switch is coupled between the second terminal of the capacitive device and the source terminal of the transistor device. 14. The method according to claim 12, further comprising the step of:
controlling the first to fourth switches to alternatingly couple the capacitive device between the input node of the charge pump circuit and ground, and between the source terminal of the transistor device and the output node of the charge pump circuit. 15. The method according to claim 10, further comprising the step of:
controlling the magnitude of the voltage at the input node of the charge pump circuit in accordance with the feedback control, by sinking a current from the input node of the charge pump circuit or by sourcing a current to the input node of the charge pump circuit. 16. The method according to claim 15, further comprising the step of:
comparing the quantity indicative of the current flowing through the transistor device or the voltage drop across the transistor device to a reference value for said quantity; and sinking the current from the input node of the charge pump circuit based on a result of the comparison or sourcing the current to the input node of the charge pump circuit based on the result of the comparison. 17. The method according to claim 19, further comprising the steps of:
sensing a current that flows through a replica device of the transistor device, wherein the replica device is connected in parallel to the transistor device and a control terminal of the replica device is coupled to the control terminal of the transistor device; sinking a predetermined current from the replica device to ground by means of a current generator; comparing a voltage at an intermediate node between the current generator and the replica device and the voltage at the source terminal of the transistor device by means of a differential amplifier; and controlling a first drive circuit transistor in dependence on an output of the differential amplifier, wherein the first drive circuit transistor is coupled between the intermediate node and ground and forms a current mirror with a second drive circuit transistor that is coupled between the input node of the charge pump circuit and ground. 18. The method according to claim 10, further comprising the step of:
generating the predetermined voltage using a second charge pump circuit. | 2,800 |
349,679 | 350,553 | 16,854,303 | 2,838 | A multilayer coil component 1 includes an element body 2 having a plurality of stacked insulator layers 6 and having an outer surface provided with recessed portions 7 and 8, a coil 9 disposed in the element body 2, and terminal electrodes 4 and 5 connected to the coil 9 and disposed in the recessed portions 7 and 8. The recessed portions 7 and 8 are defined by a bottom surface and a side surface extending in a depth direction of the recessed portions 7 and 8 over the outer surface and the bottom surface, the terminal electrodes 4 and 5 have a first surface facing the bottom surface and a second surface facing the side surface, and a connection region A where a compound of elements constituting the element body 2 and a metal component are mixed is exposed to the second surface. | 1. A multilayer coil component comprising:
an element body having a plurality of stacked insulator layers and having an outer surface provided with a recessed portion; a coil disposed in the element body; and a terminal electrode connected to the coil and disposed in the recessed portion, wherein the recessed portion is defined by a bottom surface and a side surface extending in a depth direction of the recessed portion over the outer surface and the bottom surface, the terminal electrode has a first surface facing the bottom surface and a second surface facing the side surface, and a connection region where a compound of elements constituting the element body and a metal component are mixed is exposed to the second surface. 2. The multilayer coil component according to claim 1, wherein the connection region is exposed to the second surface positioned in both end portions of the terminal electrode in a direction in which the plurality of insulator layers are stacked. 3. The multilayer coil component according to claim 1, wherein the connection region is exposed to the first surface. 4. The multilayer coil component according to claim 2, wherein the connection region is exposed to the first surface. | A multilayer coil component 1 includes an element body 2 having a plurality of stacked insulator layers 6 and having an outer surface provided with recessed portions 7 and 8, a coil 9 disposed in the element body 2, and terminal electrodes 4 and 5 connected to the coil 9 and disposed in the recessed portions 7 and 8. The recessed portions 7 and 8 are defined by a bottom surface and a side surface extending in a depth direction of the recessed portions 7 and 8 over the outer surface and the bottom surface, the terminal electrodes 4 and 5 have a first surface facing the bottom surface and a second surface facing the side surface, and a connection region A where a compound of elements constituting the element body 2 and a metal component are mixed is exposed to the second surface.1. A multilayer coil component comprising:
an element body having a plurality of stacked insulator layers and having an outer surface provided with a recessed portion; a coil disposed in the element body; and a terminal electrode connected to the coil and disposed in the recessed portion, wherein the recessed portion is defined by a bottom surface and a side surface extending in a depth direction of the recessed portion over the outer surface and the bottom surface, the terminal electrode has a first surface facing the bottom surface and a second surface facing the side surface, and a connection region where a compound of elements constituting the element body and a metal component are mixed is exposed to the second surface. 2. The multilayer coil component according to claim 1, wherein the connection region is exposed to the second surface positioned in both end portions of the terminal electrode in a direction in which the plurality of insulator layers are stacked. 3. The multilayer coil component according to claim 1, wherein the connection region is exposed to the first surface. 4. The multilayer coil component according to claim 2, wherein the connection region is exposed to the first surface. | 2,800 |
349,680 | 350,554 | 16,854,277 | 2,838 | Systems and methods include transmitting transmit signals from transmit elements, and receiving reflections resulting from the transmit signals at receive elements. The reflections are processed to obtain range-Doppler maps. Each range-Doppler map corresponds with one combination of the transmit elements and the receive elements. The range-Doppler map includes complex values that indicate intensity over a set of range values and a set of relative velocity values. A synthetic matrix of synthetic vectors of array response combinations is generated for transmit angles and receive angles. Each array response combination is a combination of a transmit response for one of the transmit angles and a receive response for one of the receive angles. Two stages of detection are performed. A first stage identifies potential objects and a second stage eliminates the potential objects that are ghost objects. The potential objects remaining after the second stage are the real objects. | 1. A method comprising:
transmitting transmit signals from two or more transmit elements of a radar system; receiving reflections resulting from the transmit signals at two or more receive elements of the radar system; processing, using processing circuitry, the reflections to obtain range-Doppler maps, each range-Doppler map corresponding with one combination of the two or more transmit elements and the two or more receive elements, wherein the range-Doppler map includes complex values that indicate intensity over a set of range values and a set of relative velocity values; generating, using the processing circuitry, a synthetic matrix of synthetic vectors of array response combinations for transmit angles and receive angles, each array response combination being a combination of a transmit response for one of the transmit angles and a receive response for one of the receive angles; performing, using the processing circuitry, two stages of detection using the range-Doppler maps and the synthetic matrix to identify real objects, the two stages of detection including a first stage to identify potential objects and a second stage to eliminate the potential objects that are ghost objects resulting from multi-path reflection, wherein the potential objects remaining after the second stage are the real objects; and controlling an aspect of an operation of a vehicle based on the real objects. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the processing the reflections includes performing a first fast Fourier transform (FFT) along range values and performing a second FFT on a result of the first FFT. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the generating the synthetic matrix of synthetic vectors of array response combinations includes generating the receive response for each receive angle θRX as: 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the generating the synthetic matrix of synthetic vectors of array response combinations also includes generating the transmit response for each transmit angle θTX as: 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the generating the synthetic matrix of synthetic vectors for each receive angle θRX and each transmit angle θTX includes obtaining each synthetic vector as: 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the performing the first stage of the two stages of detection includes determining whether a beamforming result obtained using the synthetic vector with the transmit angle set equal to the receive angle and a vector x of the range-Doppler maps at each range and Doppler exceeds a detection threshold value, wherein two or more potential objects are identified at locations corresponding to each range and Doppler for which the beamforming result exceeds the detection threshold value. 7. The method according to claim 6, further comprising obtaining the beamforming result as:
∥a H(θTX i=θRX i,θRX i)x i∥, where 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the performing the second stage of the two stages of detection includes obtaining a candidate pair of the two or more potential objects, wherein a closer one of the candidate pair is a closer one of the two or more potential objects to the radar system and a farther one of the candidate pair is a farther one of the two or more potential objects from the radar system. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the performing the second stage further includes determining whether a ratio exceeds a ratio threshold value, a numerator of the ratio being a beamforming result obtained using the synthetic vector with the transmit angle set equal to the receive angle of the closer one of the candidate pair and a vector of the range-Doppler maps at the range and Doppler corresponding to the farther one of the candidate pair, and a denominator of the ratio being a beamforming result obtained using the synthetic vector with the transmit angle set equal to the receive angle of the farther one of the candidate pair and a vector of the range-Doppler maps at the range and Doppler corresponding to the farther one of the candidate pair. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the beamforming result of the numerator is given by:
∥a H(θTX=θRX c,θRX f)x f∥
and the beamforming result of the denominator is given by:
∥a H(θTX=θRX f,θRX f)x f∥, where
a subscript c indicates the closer one of the candidate pair, and a subscript f indicates the farther one of the candidate pair. 11. A system in a vehicle comprising:
two or more transmit elements of a radar system configured to emit transmit signals; two or more receive elements of the radar system configured to receive reflections resulting from the transmit signals; and processing circuitry configured to process the reflections to obtain range-Doppler maps, each range-Doppler map corresponding with one combination of the two or more transmit elements and the two or more receive elements, wherein the range-Doppler map includes complex values that indicate intensity over a set of range values and a set of relative velocity values, to generate a synthetic matrix of synthetic vectors of array response combinations for transmit angles and receive angles, each array response combination being a combination of a transmit response for one of the transmit angles and a receive response for one of the receive angles, and to perform two stages of detection using the range-Doppler maps and the synthetic matrix to identify real objects, the two stages of detection including a first stage to identify potential objects and a second stage to eliminate the potential objects that are ghost objects resulting from multi-path reflection, wherein the potential objects remaining after the second stage are the real objects, and an aspect of an operation of a vehicle is controlled based on the real objects. 12. The system according to claim 11, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to process the reflections by performing a first fast Fourier transform (FFT) along range values and performing a second FFT on a result of the first FFT. 13. The system according to claim 11, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to generate the synthetic matrix of synthetic vectors of array response combinations by generating the receive response for each receive angle θRX as: 14. The system according to claim 13, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to generate the synthetic matrix of synthetic vectors of array response combinations by also generating the transmit response for each transmit angle θTX as: 15. The system according to claim 14, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to generate the synthetic matrix of synthetic vectors for each receive angle θRX and each transmit angle θTX by obtaining each synthetic vector as: 16. The system according to claim 15, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to perform the first stage of the two stages of detection by determining whether a beamforming result obtained using the synthetic vector with the transmit angle set equal to the receive angle and a vector x of the range-Doppler maps at each range and Doppler exceeds a detection threshold value, wherein two or more potential objects are identified at locations corresponding to each range and Doppler for which the beamforming result exceeds the detection threshold value. 17. The system according to claim 16, wherein the beamforming result is given by:
∥a H(θTX i=θRX i,θRX i)x i∥, where
i is an index, H indicates a Hermitian matrix, and ∥ ∥ denotes a sum of absolute values in a resulting vector. 18. The system according to claim 17, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to perform the second stage of the two stages of detection by obtaining a candidate pair of the two or more potential objects, wherein a closer one of the candidate pair is a closer one of the two or more potential objects to the radar system and a farther one of the candidate pair is a farther one of the two or more potential objects from the radar system. 19. The system according to claim 18, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to perform the second stage by determining whether a ratio exceeds a ratio threshold value, a numerator of the ratio being a beamforming result obtained using the synthetic vector with the transmit angle set equal to the receive angle of the closer one of the candidate pair and a vector of the range-Doppler maps at the range and Doppler corresponding to the farther one of the candidate pair, and a denominator of the ratio being a beamforming result obtained using the synthetic vector with the transmit angle set equal to the receive angle of the farther one of the candidate pair and a vector of the range-Doppler maps at the range and Doppler corresponding to the farther one of the candidate pair. 20. The system according to claim 19, wherein the beamforming result of the numerator is given by:
∥a H(θTX=θRX c,θRX f)x f∥
and the beamforming result of the denominator is given by:
∥a H(θTX=θRX f,θRX f)x f∥, where
a subscript c indicates the closer one of the candidate pair, and a subscript f indicates the farther one of the candidate pair. | Systems and methods include transmitting transmit signals from transmit elements, and receiving reflections resulting from the transmit signals at receive elements. The reflections are processed to obtain range-Doppler maps. Each range-Doppler map corresponds with one combination of the transmit elements and the receive elements. The range-Doppler map includes complex values that indicate intensity over a set of range values and a set of relative velocity values. A synthetic matrix of synthetic vectors of array response combinations is generated for transmit angles and receive angles. Each array response combination is a combination of a transmit response for one of the transmit angles and a receive response for one of the receive angles. Two stages of detection are performed. A first stage identifies potential objects and a second stage eliminates the potential objects that are ghost objects. The potential objects remaining after the second stage are the real objects.1. A method comprising:
transmitting transmit signals from two or more transmit elements of a radar system; receiving reflections resulting from the transmit signals at two or more receive elements of the radar system; processing, using processing circuitry, the reflections to obtain range-Doppler maps, each range-Doppler map corresponding with one combination of the two or more transmit elements and the two or more receive elements, wherein the range-Doppler map includes complex values that indicate intensity over a set of range values and a set of relative velocity values; generating, using the processing circuitry, a synthetic matrix of synthetic vectors of array response combinations for transmit angles and receive angles, each array response combination being a combination of a transmit response for one of the transmit angles and a receive response for one of the receive angles; performing, using the processing circuitry, two stages of detection using the range-Doppler maps and the synthetic matrix to identify real objects, the two stages of detection including a first stage to identify potential objects and a second stage to eliminate the potential objects that are ghost objects resulting from multi-path reflection, wherein the potential objects remaining after the second stage are the real objects; and controlling an aspect of an operation of a vehicle based on the real objects. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the processing the reflections includes performing a first fast Fourier transform (FFT) along range values and performing a second FFT on a result of the first FFT. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the generating the synthetic matrix of synthetic vectors of array response combinations includes generating the receive response for each receive angle θRX as: 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the generating the synthetic matrix of synthetic vectors of array response combinations also includes generating the transmit response for each transmit angle θTX as: 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the generating the synthetic matrix of synthetic vectors for each receive angle θRX and each transmit angle θTX includes obtaining each synthetic vector as: 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the performing the first stage of the two stages of detection includes determining whether a beamforming result obtained using the synthetic vector with the transmit angle set equal to the receive angle and a vector x of the range-Doppler maps at each range and Doppler exceeds a detection threshold value, wherein two or more potential objects are identified at locations corresponding to each range and Doppler for which the beamforming result exceeds the detection threshold value. 7. The method according to claim 6, further comprising obtaining the beamforming result as:
∥a H(θTX i=θRX i,θRX i)x i∥, where 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the performing the second stage of the two stages of detection includes obtaining a candidate pair of the two or more potential objects, wherein a closer one of the candidate pair is a closer one of the two or more potential objects to the radar system and a farther one of the candidate pair is a farther one of the two or more potential objects from the radar system. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the performing the second stage further includes determining whether a ratio exceeds a ratio threshold value, a numerator of the ratio being a beamforming result obtained using the synthetic vector with the transmit angle set equal to the receive angle of the closer one of the candidate pair and a vector of the range-Doppler maps at the range and Doppler corresponding to the farther one of the candidate pair, and a denominator of the ratio being a beamforming result obtained using the synthetic vector with the transmit angle set equal to the receive angle of the farther one of the candidate pair and a vector of the range-Doppler maps at the range and Doppler corresponding to the farther one of the candidate pair. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the beamforming result of the numerator is given by:
∥a H(θTX=θRX c,θRX f)x f∥
and the beamforming result of the denominator is given by:
∥a H(θTX=θRX f,θRX f)x f∥, where
a subscript c indicates the closer one of the candidate pair, and a subscript f indicates the farther one of the candidate pair. 11. A system in a vehicle comprising:
two or more transmit elements of a radar system configured to emit transmit signals; two or more receive elements of the radar system configured to receive reflections resulting from the transmit signals; and processing circuitry configured to process the reflections to obtain range-Doppler maps, each range-Doppler map corresponding with one combination of the two or more transmit elements and the two or more receive elements, wherein the range-Doppler map includes complex values that indicate intensity over a set of range values and a set of relative velocity values, to generate a synthetic matrix of synthetic vectors of array response combinations for transmit angles and receive angles, each array response combination being a combination of a transmit response for one of the transmit angles and a receive response for one of the receive angles, and to perform two stages of detection using the range-Doppler maps and the synthetic matrix to identify real objects, the two stages of detection including a first stage to identify potential objects and a second stage to eliminate the potential objects that are ghost objects resulting from multi-path reflection, wherein the potential objects remaining after the second stage are the real objects, and an aspect of an operation of a vehicle is controlled based on the real objects. 12. The system according to claim 11, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to process the reflections by performing a first fast Fourier transform (FFT) along range values and performing a second FFT on a result of the first FFT. 13. The system according to claim 11, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to generate the synthetic matrix of synthetic vectors of array response combinations by generating the receive response for each receive angle θRX as: 14. The system according to claim 13, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to generate the synthetic matrix of synthetic vectors of array response combinations by also generating the transmit response for each transmit angle θTX as: 15. The system according to claim 14, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to generate the synthetic matrix of synthetic vectors for each receive angle θRX and each transmit angle θTX by obtaining each synthetic vector as: 16. The system according to claim 15, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to perform the first stage of the two stages of detection by determining whether a beamforming result obtained using the synthetic vector with the transmit angle set equal to the receive angle and a vector x of the range-Doppler maps at each range and Doppler exceeds a detection threshold value, wherein two or more potential objects are identified at locations corresponding to each range and Doppler for which the beamforming result exceeds the detection threshold value. 17. The system according to claim 16, wherein the beamforming result is given by:
∥a H(θTX i=θRX i,θRX i)x i∥, where
i is an index, H indicates a Hermitian matrix, and ∥ ∥ denotes a sum of absolute values in a resulting vector. 18. The system according to claim 17, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to perform the second stage of the two stages of detection by obtaining a candidate pair of the two or more potential objects, wherein a closer one of the candidate pair is a closer one of the two or more potential objects to the radar system and a farther one of the candidate pair is a farther one of the two or more potential objects from the radar system. 19. The system according to claim 18, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to perform the second stage by determining whether a ratio exceeds a ratio threshold value, a numerator of the ratio being a beamforming result obtained using the synthetic vector with the transmit angle set equal to the receive angle of the closer one of the candidate pair and a vector of the range-Doppler maps at the range and Doppler corresponding to the farther one of the candidate pair, and a denominator of the ratio being a beamforming result obtained using the synthetic vector with the transmit angle set equal to the receive angle of the farther one of the candidate pair and a vector of the range-Doppler maps at the range and Doppler corresponding to the farther one of the candidate pair. 20. The system according to claim 19, wherein the beamforming result of the numerator is given by:
∥a H(θTX=θRX c,θRX f)x f∥
and the beamforming result of the denominator is given by:
∥a H(θTX=θRX f,θRX f)x f∥, where
a subscript c indicates the closer one of the candidate pair, and a subscript f indicates the farther one of the candidate pair. | 2,800 |
349,681 | 350,555 | 16,854,289 | 2,838 | The present application describes a method for training a neural network via deep reinforcement learning (DRL) in a RF network. The method includes a step of receiving, via the neural network, a policy from a third party. The method also includes a step of receiving, via the neural network, features of plural telecommunication groups located in an RF network. The method also includes a step of observing, via the neural network, a graphical representation of the received features of the plural telecommunication groups in the RF network. The method further includes a step of assigning, based on the observation, one of the plural telecommunication groups to one of plural channels in the RF network. The method even further includes a step of determining, via the neural network, a change in throughput of the RF network based on the assignment. The method yet even further incudes as step of adjusting, based on the determined change in throughput, the policy received from the third party. | 1. A method of training a neural network via deep reinforcement learning (DRL) comprising the steps of:
receiving, via the neural network, a policy from a third party; receiving, via the neural network, features of plural telecommunication groups located in an RF network; observing, via the neural network, a graphical representation of the received features of the plural telecommunication groups in the RF network; assigning, based on the observation, one of the plural telecommunication groups to one of plural channels in the RF network; determining, via the neural network, a change in throughput of the RF network based on the assignment; and adjusting, based on the determined change in throughput, the policy received from the third party via the DRL. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining, via the neural network, whether another one of the plural telecommunication groups requires assignment to the plural channels in the RF network; assigning, based on the observation, the other one of the plural telecommunication groups to the one channel or another one of the plural channels in the RF network; and determining, via the neural network, a change in throughput of the RF network based on the assignment of the other one of the plural telecommunication groups. 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
revising, based on the determined change in throughput of the RF network, the adjusted policy. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining, via the neural network, all of the plural telecommunication groups have been allocated to one or more of the plural channels in the RF network. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining, via the neural network, whether the assigned one of the plural telecommunication groups requires reassignment from the one channel to another one of the plural channels in the RF network. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein
the change in throughput is based on the one of the telecommunication groups meeting a constraint, and the constraint includes one or more of a minimum rate and a minimum signal to interference plus noise ratio. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the change in throughput is based non-linear combinations of the constraint. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the change in throughput is based on one or more of a weighted vector of communication bandwidth and interference, weighted per telecommunication group, and weighted per channel. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the features include a pixel position in space. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the features include pixel intensity. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the pixel intensity is based upon one or more of transmit power, signal to noise ratio levels and measured interference. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the graphical representation includes multi-dimensional images including videos. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein
the graphical representation includes an assignment status of the plural telecommunication groups in the RF network, and the assignment status is selected from the group consisting of unassigned, candidate for assignment, assigned to channels 1 . . . N and combinations thereof. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the assigning step is based on one or more of power level, power level range and bandwidth of the channel. 15. A method of training a neural network in a virtual environment, the method comprising the steps of:
receiving, via the neural network, simulated features of plural telecommunication groups in an RF network; observing, via the neural network, a graphical representation of the received simulated features of the plural telecommunication groups in the RF network; assigning, based on the observation, one of the plural telecommunication groups to one of plural channels in the RF network; running the assignment of the one telecommunication group to one of the plural channels in the RF network through a separately trained neural network; receiving, via the separately trained neural network, a change in throughput based on the assignment; and adjusting, based on the received change in throughput, a training policy of the neural network operating in the virtual environment. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
determining, via the neural network, whether another one of the plural telecommunication groups requires assignment to the plural channels in the RF network; and assigning, based on the observation, the other one of the plural telecommunication groups to the one channel or another one of the plural channels in the RF network. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
revising, based on a subsequent change in throughput of the RF network received from the separately trained neural network, the adjusted training policy of the neural network operating in the virtual environment. 18. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
determining, via the neural network, all of the plural telecommunication groups have been allocated to one or more of the plural channels in the RF network. 19. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
determining, via the neural network, whether the assigned one of the plural telecommunication groups requires reassignment from the one channel to another one of the plural channels in the RF network. 20. The method of claim 15, wherein
the features include a pixel position in space and a pixel intensity, and the pixel intensity is based upon one or more of transmit power, signal to noise ratio levels and measured interference. | The present application describes a method for training a neural network via deep reinforcement learning (DRL) in a RF network. The method includes a step of receiving, via the neural network, a policy from a third party. The method also includes a step of receiving, via the neural network, features of plural telecommunication groups located in an RF network. The method also includes a step of observing, via the neural network, a graphical representation of the received features of the plural telecommunication groups in the RF network. The method further includes a step of assigning, based on the observation, one of the plural telecommunication groups to one of plural channels in the RF network. The method even further includes a step of determining, via the neural network, a change in throughput of the RF network based on the assignment. The method yet even further incudes as step of adjusting, based on the determined change in throughput, the policy received from the third party.1. A method of training a neural network via deep reinforcement learning (DRL) comprising the steps of:
receiving, via the neural network, a policy from a third party; receiving, via the neural network, features of plural telecommunication groups located in an RF network; observing, via the neural network, a graphical representation of the received features of the plural telecommunication groups in the RF network; assigning, based on the observation, one of the plural telecommunication groups to one of plural channels in the RF network; determining, via the neural network, a change in throughput of the RF network based on the assignment; and adjusting, based on the determined change in throughput, the policy received from the third party via the DRL. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining, via the neural network, whether another one of the plural telecommunication groups requires assignment to the plural channels in the RF network; assigning, based on the observation, the other one of the plural telecommunication groups to the one channel or another one of the plural channels in the RF network; and determining, via the neural network, a change in throughput of the RF network based on the assignment of the other one of the plural telecommunication groups. 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
revising, based on the determined change in throughput of the RF network, the adjusted policy. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining, via the neural network, all of the plural telecommunication groups have been allocated to one or more of the plural channels in the RF network. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining, via the neural network, whether the assigned one of the plural telecommunication groups requires reassignment from the one channel to another one of the plural channels in the RF network. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein
the change in throughput is based on the one of the telecommunication groups meeting a constraint, and the constraint includes one or more of a minimum rate and a minimum signal to interference plus noise ratio. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the change in throughput is based non-linear combinations of the constraint. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the change in throughput is based on one or more of a weighted vector of communication bandwidth and interference, weighted per telecommunication group, and weighted per channel. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the features include a pixel position in space. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the features include pixel intensity. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the pixel intensity is based upon one or more of transmit power, signal to noise ratio levels and measured interference. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the graphical representation includes multi-dimensional images including videos. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein
the graphical representation includes an assignment status of the plural telecommunication groups in the RF network, and the assignment status is selected from the group consisting of unassigned, candidate for assignment, assigned to channels 1 . . . N and combinations thereof. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the assigning step is based on one or more of power level, power level range and bandwidth of the channel. 15. A method of training a neural network in a virtual environment, the method comprising the steps of:
receiving, via the neural network, simulated features of plural telecommunication groups in an RF network; observing, via the neural network, a graphical representation of the received simulated features of the plural telecommunication groups in the RF network; assigning, based on the observation, one of the plural telecommunication groups to one of plural channels in the RF network; running the assignment of the one telecommunication group to one of the plural channels in the RF network through a separately trained neural network; receiving, via the separately trained neural network, a change in throughput based on the assignment; and adjusting, based on the received change in throughput, a training policy of the neural network operating in the virtual environment. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
determining, via the neural network, whether another one of the plural telecommunication groups requires assignment to the plural channels in the RF network; and assigning, based on the observation, the other one of the plural telecommunication groups to the one channel or another one of the plural channels in the RF network. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
revising, based on a subsequent change in throughput of the RF network received from the separately trained neural network, the adjusted training policy of the neural network operating in the virtual environment. 18. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
determining, via the neural network, all of the plural telecommunication groups have been allocated to one or more of the plural channels in the RF network. 19. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
determining, via the neural network, whether the assigned one of the plural telecommunication groups requires reassignment from the one channel to another one of the plural channels in the RF network. 20. The method of claim 15, wherein
the features include a pixel position in space and a pixel intensity, and the pixel intensity is based upon one or more of transmit power, signal to noise ratio levels and measured interference. | 2,800 |
349,682 | 350,556 | 16,854,294 | 2,838 | The present invention provides a method for determining the clinical prognosis of a human subject to the administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising of stem cells (preferably mesenchymal stem cells), stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof. | 1. A method for predicting clinical response to the administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising of stem cells, stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations in a patient suffering from tissue damage, an ischemic, an inflammatory and/or an immune disorder thereof by evaluating one or more lymphocytes markers. 2. A method for treating a human subject having tissue damage, an ischemic, an inflammatory and/or an immune disorder with a pharmaceutical composition comprising of stem cells (preferably mesenchymal stem cells), stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof comprising
i) determining whether the patient is a responder or a non-responder to said pharmaceutical composition by evaluating a lymphocyte marker in a blood sample obtained from said human subject and ii) administering said pharmaceutical composition only if the human subject is determined to be a responder. 3. A method according to claim 1 or 2 wherein said lymphocyte marker is selected from the group comprising CD4+ lymphocyte level, CD8+ lymphocyte level, lymphocyte HLA-II level and combinations thereof. 4. A method according to any of claims 1 to 3 wherein a subject having a CD4+ level equal to or less than a value in the range of 35% to 55% of the total T-lymphocytes is classified as a responder. 5. A method according to any of claims 1 to 3 wherein a subject having a CD8+ level equal to or greater than a value in the range of 45% to 65% of the total T-lymphocytes is classified as a responder. 6. A method according to any of claims 1 to 3 wherein a subject having a CD4:CD8+ ratio equal to or lower than 1.5 is classified as a responder. 7. A method according to any of claims 1 to 3 wherein a subject having a reduction in lymphocyte HLA-II level after contact thereof with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells is classified as a responder. 8. A method according to any of claims 1 to 7 wherein the stem cells are mesenchymal stem cells. 9. A method according to any of claims 1 to 8 wherein the stem cells are multipotent stromal or stromal stem cells. 10. A method according to claim 8 or 9 wherein the mesenchymal stem cells are adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells. 11. A method according to either of claims 1 to 10 wherein the stem cells are allogeneic stem cells. 12. A pharmaceutical composition comprising of stem cells, stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof for use in the treatment, modulation, prophylaxis, and/or amelioration of one or more symptoms associated with tissue damage, an ischemic, an inflammatory and/or an immune disorder in a human subject wherein said human subject has a CD4+ level equal to or less than a value in the range of 35% to 55% of T-lymphocytes. 13. A pharmaceutical composition comprising of stem cells, stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof for use in the treatment, modulation, prophylaxis, and/or amelioration of one or more symptoms associated with tissue damage, an ischemic, an inflammatory and/or an immune disorder in a human subject wherein said human subject has a CD8+ level equal to or greater than a value in the range of 45% to 65% of T-lymphocytes. 14. A pharmaceutical composition comprising of stem cells, stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof for use in the treatment, modulation, prophylaxis, and/or amelioration of one or more symptoms associated with tissue damage, an ischemic, an inflammatory and/or an immune disorder in a human subject wherein said human subject has a CD4:CD8 ratio equal to or lower than 1.5. 15. A pharmaceutical composition comprising of stem cells, stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof for use in the treatment, modulation, prophylaxis, and/or amelioration of one or more symptoms associated with tissue damage, an ischemic, an inflammatory and/or an immune disorders in a human subject wherein said human subject has a reduction in lymphocyte HLA-II level after contact thereof with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells. 16. Use of stem cells, stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment, modulation, prophylaxis, and/or amelioration of one or more symptoms associated with tissue damage, an ischemic, an inflammatory and/or an immune disorder in a human subject wherein said human subject has a CD4+ level equal to or less than a value in the range of 35% to 55% of T-lymphocytes. 17. Use of stem cells, stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment, modulation, prophylaxis, and/or amelioration of one or more symptoms associated with tissue damage, an ischemic, an inflammatory and/or an immune disorder in a human subject wherein said human subject has a CD8+ level equal to or greater than a value in the range of 45% to 65% of T-lymphocytes. 18. Use of stem cells, stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment, modulation, prophylaxis, and/or amelioration of one or more symptoms associated with tissue damage, an ischemic, an inflammatory and/or an immune disorder in a human subject wherein said human subject has a CD4:CD8 ratio equal to or lower than 1.5. 19. Use of stem cells, stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment, modulation, prophylaxis, and/or amelioration of one or more symptoms associated with tissue damage, ischemic, inflammatory and/or an immune disorders in a human subject wherein said human subject has a reduction in lymphocyte HLA-II level after contact thereof with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells. | The present invention provides a method for determining the clinical prognosis of a human subject to the administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising of stem cells (preferably mesenchymal stem cells), stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof.1. A method for predicting clinical response to the administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising of stem cells, stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations in a patient suffering from tissue damage, an ischemic, an inflammatory and/or an immune disorder thereof by evaluating one or more lymphocytes markers. 2. A method for treating a human subject having tissue damage, an ischemic, an inflammatory and/or an immune disorder with a pharmaceutical composition comprising of stem cells (preferably mesenchymal stem cells), stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof comprising
i) determining whether the patient is a responder or a non-responder to said pharmaceutical composition by evaluating a lymphocyte marker in a blood sample obtained from said human subject and ii) administering said pharmaceutical composition only if the human subject is determined to be a responder. 3. A method according to claim 1 or 2 wherein said lymphocyte marker is selected from the group comprising CD4+ lymphocyte level, CD8+ lymphocyte level, lymphocyte HLA-II level and combinations thereof. 4. A method according to any of claims 1 to 3 wherein a subject having a CD4+ level equal to or less than a value in the range of 35% to 55% of the total T-lymphocytes is classified as a responder. 5. A method according to any of claims 1 to 3 wherein a subject having a CD8+ level equal to or greater than a value in the range of 45% to 65% of the total T-lymphocytes is classified as a responder. 6. A method according to any of claims 1 to 3 wherein a subject having a CD4:CD8+ ratio equal to or lower than 1.5 is classified as a responder. 7. A method according to any of claims 1 to 3 wherein a subject having a reduction in lymphocyte HLA-II level after contact thereof with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells is classified as a responder. 8. A method according to any of claims 1 to 7 wherein the stem cells are mesenchymal stem cells. 9. A method according to any of claims 1 to 8 wherein the stem cells are multipotent stromal or stromal stem cells. 10. A method according to claim 8 or 9 wherein the mesenchymal stem cells are adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells. 11. A method according to either of claims 1 to 10 wherein the stem cells are allogeneic stem cells. 12. A pharmaceutical composition comprising of stem cells, stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof for use in the treatment, modulation, prophylaxis, and/or amelioration of one or more symptoms associated with tissue damage, an ischemic, an inflammatory and/or an immune disorder in a human subject wherein said human subject has a CD4+ level equal to or less than a value in the range of 35% to 55% of T-lymphocytes. 13. A pharmaceutical composition comprising of stem cells, stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof for use in the treatment, modulation, prophylaxis, and/or amelioration of one or more symptoms associated with tissue damage, an ischemic, an inflammatory and/or an immune disorder in a human subject wherein said human subject has a CD8+ level equal to or greater than a value in the range of 45% to 65% of T-lymphocytes. 14. A pharmaceutical composition comprising of stem cells, stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof for use in the treatment, modulation, prophylaxis, and/or amelioration of one or more symptoms associated with tissue damage, an ischemic, an inflammatory and/or an immune disorder in a human subject wherein said human subject has a CD4:CD8 ratio equal to or lower than 1.5. 15. A pharmaceutical composition comprising of stem cells, stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof for use in the treatment, modulation, prophylaxis, and/or amelioration of one or more symptoms associated with tissue damage, an ischemic, an inflammatory and/or an immune disorders in a human subject wherein said human subject has a reduction in lymphocyte HLA-II level after contact thereof with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells. 16. Use of stem cells, stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment, modulation, prophylaxis, and/or amelioration of one or more symptoms associated with tissue damage, an ischemic, an inflammatory and/or an immune disorder in a human subject wherein said human subject has a CD4+ level equal to or less than a value in the range of 35% to 55% of T-lymphocytes. 17. Use of stem cells, stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment, modulation, prophylaxis, and/or amelioration of one or more symptoms associated with tissue damage, an ischemic, an inflammatory and/or an immune disorder in a human subject wherein said human subject has a CD8+ level equal to or greater than a value in the range of 45% to 65% of T-lymphocytes. 18. Use of stem cells, stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment, modulation, prophylaxis, and/or amelioration of one or more symptoms associated with tissue damage, an ischemic, an inflammatory and/or an immune disorder in a human subject wherein said human subject has a CD4:CD8 ratio equal to or lower than 1.5. 19. Use of stem cells, stromal cells, regulatory T-cells, fibroblasts and combinations thereof for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment, modulation, prophylaxis, and/or amelioration of one or more symptoms associated with tissue damage, ischemic, inflammatory and/or an immune disorders in a human subject wherein said human subject has a reduction in lymphocyte HLA-II level after contact thereof with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells. | 2,800 |
349,683 | 350,557 | 16,854,307 | 2,838 | A method for loading liquefied nitrogen (LIN) into a cryogenic storage tank initially containing liquid natural gas (LNG) and a vapor space above the LNG. First and second nitrogen gas streams are provided. The first nitrogen stream has a lower temperature than the second nitrogen gas stream. While the LNG is offloaded from the storage tank, the first nitrogen gas stream is injected into the vapor space. The storage tank is then purged by injecting the second nitrogen gas stream into the storage tank to thereby reduce a natural gas content of the vapor space to less than 5 mol %. After purging the storage tank, the storage tank is loaded with LIN. | 1-17. (canceled) 18. A dual-use cryogenic storage tank for alternately storing liquefied natural gas (LNG) and liquid nitrogen (LIN), comprising:
a liquid outlet disposed at a low spot in the storage tank and configured to permit liquids to be removed from the storage tank; one or more nitrogen gas inlet ports disposed at or near a top of the storage tank, the one or more gas inlet ports configured to introduce nitrogen gas into the storage tank as LNG is removed from the storage tank through the liquid outlet; one or more additional nitrogen gas inlet ports disposed near the bottom of the storage tank and configured to permit additional nitrogen gas to be introduced into the storage tank; one or more gas outlet ports configured to permit removal of gas from the storage tank as the additional nitrogen gas is introduced into the storage tank; and one or more liquid inlet ports configured to permit a cryogenic liquid such as LIN to be introduced into the storage tank while the additional nitrogen gas is removed from the storage tank through the one or more gas outlet ports. 19. The dual-use cryogenic storage tank of claim 18, wherein the one or more liquid inlet ports are disposed at the bottom of the storage tank. 20. The dual-use cryogenic storage tank of claim 18, wherein the nitrogen gas introduced into the storage tank via the one or more nitrogen gas inlet ports is at a temperature of within 5° C. of a normal boiling point of the nitrogen gas. 21. The dual-use cryogenic storage tank of claim 18, wherein the nitrogen gas introduced into the storage tank via the one or more additional nitrogen gas inlet ports is at a temperature of within 5° C. of a temperature of the LNG. 22. The dual-use cryogenic storage tank of claim 18, wherein the nitrogen gas introduced into the storage tank via the one or more nitrogen gas inlet ports, and the additional nitrogen gas introduced into the storage tank by the one or more additional nitrogen gas inlet ports, are slip streams from a nitrogen liquefaction process. 23. The dual-use cryogenic storage tank of claim 18, wherein the dual-use cryogenic storage tank is installed on a transport vessel that travels between an LNG production location and an LNG regasification location, and wherein the LNG stored in the storage tank is produced at the LNG production location. 24. The dual-use cryogenic storage tank of claim 18, wherein the low spot is a sump. 25. A method for loading liquefied nitrogen (LIN) into the dual-use cryogenic storage tank of claim 18, the tank initially containing liquid natural gas (LNG) and a vapor space above the LNG, the method comprising:
providing a first nitrogen gas stream and a second nitrogen gas stream, where the first nitrogen stream has a temperature lower than a temperature of the second nitrogen gas stream; offloading the LNG from the storage tank while injecting the first nitrogen gas stream into the vapor space; purging the storage tank by injecting the second nitrogen gas stream into the storage tank, to thereby reduce a methane content of the vapor space to less than 5 mol %; and after purging the storage tank, loading the storage tank with LIN. 26. A method of purging the dual-use cryogenic storage tank of claim 18, the storage tank initially containing liquid natural gas (LNG) and a vapor space above the LNG, the method comprising:
providing a first nitrogen gas stream with a temperature within 20° C. of a normal boiling point of the first nitrogen gas stream; providing a second nitrogen gas stream with a temperature within 20° C. of a temperature of the LNG; wherein the first nitrogen gas stream and the second nitrogen gas stream are slip streams from a nitrogen liquefaction process; offloading the LNG from the storage tank while injecting the first nitrogen gas stream into the vapor space; injecting the second nitrogen gas stream into the storage tank, to thereby reduce a methane content of the vapor space to less than 5 mol %; and after injecting the second nitrogen gas stream into the storage tank, loading the storage tank with liquid nitrogen (LIN). | A method for loading liquefied nitrogen (LIN) into a cryogenic storage tank initially containing liquid natural gas (LNG) and a vapor space above the LNG. First and second nitrogen gas streams are provided. The first nitrogen stream has a lower temperature than the second nitrogen gas stream. While the LNG is offloaded from the storage tank, the first nitrogen gas stream is injected into the vapor space. The storage tank is then purged by injecting the second nitrogen gas stream into the storage tank to thereby reduce a natural gas content of the vapor space to less than 5 mol %. After purging the storage tank, the storage tank is loaded with LIN.1-17. (canceled) 18. A dual-use cryogenic storage tank for alternately storing liquefied natural gas (LNG) and liquid nitrogen (LIN), comprising:
a liquid outlet disposed at a low spot in the storage tank and configured to permit liquids to be removed from the storage tank; one or more nitrogen gas inlet ports disposed at or near a top of the storage tank, the one or more gas inlet ports configured to introduce nitrogen gas into the storage tank as LNG is removed from the storage tank through the liquid outlet; one or more additional nitrogen gas inlet ports disposed near the bottom of the storage tank and configured to permit additional nitrogen gas to be introduced into the storage tank; one or more gas outlet ports configured to permit removal of gas from the storage tank as the additional nitrogen gas is introduced into the storage tank; and one or more liquid inlet ports configured to permit a cryogenic liquid such as LIN to be introduced into the storage tank while the additional nitrogen gas is removed from the storage tank through the one or more gas outlet ports. 19. The dual-use cryogenic storage tank of claim 18, wherein the one or more liquid inlet ports are disposed at the bottom of the storage tank. 20. The dual-use cryogenic storage tank of claim 18, wherein the nitrogen gas introduced into the storage tank via the one or more nitrogen gas inlet ports is at a temperature of within 5° C. of a normal boiling point of the nitrogen gas. 21. The dual-use cryogenic storage tank of claim 18, wherein the nitrogen gas introduced into the storage tank via the one or more additional nitrogen gas inlet ports is at a temperature of within 5° C. of a temperature of the LNG. 22. The dual-use cryogenic storage tank of claim 18, wherein the nitrogen gas introduced into the storage tank via the one or more nitrogen gas inlet ports, and the additional nitrogen gas introduced into the storage tank by the one or more additional nitrogen gas inlet ports, are slip streams from a nitrogen liquefaction process. 23. The dual-use cryogenic storage tank of claim 18, wherein the dual-use cryogenic storage tank is installed on a transport vessel that travels between an LNG production location and an LNG regasification location, and wherein the LNG stored in the storage tank is produced at the LNG production location. 24. The dual-use cryogenic storage tank of claim 18, wherein the low spot is a sump. 25. A method for loading liquefied nitrogen (LIN) into the dual-use cryogenic storage tank of claim 18, the tank initially containing liquid natural gas (LNG) and a vapor space above the LNG, the method comprising:
providing a first nitrogen gas stream and a second nitrogen gas stream, where the first nitrogen stream has a temperature lower than a temperature of the second nitrogen gas stream; offloading the LNG from the storage tank while injecting the first nitrogen gas stream into the vapor space; purging the storage tank by injecting the second nitrogen gas stream into the storage tank, to thereby reduce a methane content of the vapor space to less than 5 mol %; and after purging the storage tank, loading the storage tank with LIN. 26. A method of purging the dual-use cryogenic storage tank of claim 18, the storage tank initially containing liquid natural gas (LNG) and a vapor space above the LNG, the method comprising:
providing a first nitrogen gas stream with a temperature within 20° C. of a normal boiling point of the first nitrogen gas stream; providing a second nitrogen gas stream with a temperature within 20° C. of a temperature of the LNG; wherein the first nitrogen gas stream and the second nitrogen gas stream are slip streams from a nitrogen liquefaction process; offloading the LNG from the storage tank while injecting the first nitrogen gas stream into the vapor space; injecting the second nitrogen gas stream into the storage tank, to thereby reduce a methane content of the vapor space to less than 5 mol %; and after injecting the second nitrogen gas stream into the storage tank, loading the storage tank with liquid nitrogen (LIN). | 2,800 |
349,684 | 350,558 | 16,854,291 | 2,838 | The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. A method for performing radio link monitoring (RLM) in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes determining at least one subband for RLM by a UE restricted to use a subband corresponding to a part of a system transmission bandwidth, wherein the subband is a preconfigured part of the system transmission bandwidth, performing RLM in the determined at least one subband, and determining a radio link quality of the at least one subband based on the RLM. | 1. A method for performing radio link monitoring (RLM) by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the method comprising:
identifying a first subband by the UE, wherein the first subband corresponds to a part of a channel bandwidth; determining a radio link quality of the first subband by using a reference signal received in the first subband; determining whether a radio link failure has occurred or not by comparing the radio link quality of the first subband with a threshold; switching the first subband to a second subband if scheduling information is not received from a base station (BS) during a predetermined time; determining a radio link quality of the second subband by using a reference signal received in the second subband; and determining whether a radio link failure has occurred or not by comparing the radio link quality of the second subband with the threshold. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a bandwidth of the first subband is changed over time in the channel bandwidth. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, from the BS, information about the first subband, wherein the information including at least one of a position of the first subband or bandwidth of the first subband. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the information about the first subband is included in a master information block (MIB), a system information block (SIB) for the UE, or radio resource control (RRC) signaling for the UE. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the threshold is determined based on a block error rate (BLER). 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the reference signal is not received through outside of the first subband during the predetermined time. 7. A user equipment (UE) for performing radio link monitoring (RLM) in a wireless communication system, the UE comprising:
a transceiver; and at least one processor coupled to the transceiver and configured to:
identify a first subband, wherein the first subband corresponds to a part of a channel bandwidth,
determine a radio link quality of the first subband by using a reference signal received in the first subband,
determine whether a radio link failure has occurred or not by comparing the radio link quality of the first subband with a threshold,
switch the first subband to a second subband if scheduling information is not received from a base station (BS) during a predetermined time,
determine a radio link quality of the second subband by using a reference signal received in the second subband, and
determine whether a radio link failure has occurred or not by comparing the radio link quality of the second subband with the threshold. 8. The UE of claim 7, wherein a bandwidth of the first subband is changed over time in the channel bandwidth. 9. The UE of claim 7,
wherein the at least one processor is further configured to control the transceiver to receive, from the BS, information about the first subband, and wherein the information including at least one of a position of the first subband or bandwidth of the first subband. 10. The UE of claim 9, wherein the information about the first subband is included in a master information block (MIB), a system information block (SIB) for the UE, or radio resource control (RRC) signaling for the UE. 11. The UE of claim 7, wherein the threshold is determined based on a block error rate (BLER). 12. The UE of claim 11, wherein the reference signal is not received through outside of the first subband during the predetermined time. | The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. A method for performing radio link monitoring (RLM) in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes determining at least one subband for RLM by a UE restricted to use a subband corresponding to a part of a system transmission bandwidth, wherein the subband is a preconfigured part of the system transmission bandwidth, performing RLM in the determined at least one subband, and determining a radio link quality of the at least one subband based on the RLM.1. A method for performing radio link monitoring (RLM) by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the method comprising:
identifying a first subband by the UE, wherein the first subband corresponds to a part of a channel bandwidth; determining a radio link quality of the first subband by using a reference signal received in the first subband; determining whether a radio link failure has occurred or not by comparing the radio link quality of the first subband with a threshold; switching the first subband to a second subband if scheduling information is not received from a base station (BS) during a predetermined time; determining a radio link quality of the second subband by using a reference signal received in the second subband; and determining whether a radio link failure has occurred or not by comparing the radio link quality of the second subband with the threshold. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a bandwidth of the first subband is changed over time in the channel bandwidth. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, from the BS, information about the first subband, wherein the information including at least one of a position of the first subband or bandwidth of the first subband. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the information about the first subband is included in a master information block (MIB), a system information block (SIB) for the UE, or radio resource control (RRC) signaling for the UE. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the threshold is determined based on a block error rate (BLER). 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the reference signal is not received through outside of the first subband during the predetermined time. 7. A user equipment (UE) for performing radio link monitoring (RLM) in a wireless communication system, the UE comprising:
a transceiver; and at least one processor coupled to the transceiver and configured to:
identify a first subband, wherein the first subband corresponds to a part of a channel bandwidth,
determine a radio link quality of the first subband by using a reference signal received in the first subband,
determine whether a radio link failure has occurred or not by comparing the radio link quality of the first subband with a threshold,
switch the first subband to a second subband if scheduling information is not received from a base station (BS) during a predetermined time,
determine a radio link quality of the second subband by using a reference signal received in the second subband, and
determine whether a radio link failure has occurred or not by comparing the radio link quality of the second subband with the threshold. 8. The UE of claim 7, wherein a bandwidth of the first subband is changed over time in the channel bandwidth. 9. The UE of claim 7,
wherein the at least one processor is further configured to control the transceiver to receive, from the BS, information about the first subband, and wherein the information including at least one of a position of the first subband or bandwidth of the first subband. 10. The UE of claim 9, wherein the information about the first subband is included in a master information block (MIB), a system information block (SIB) for the UE, or radio resource control (RRC) signaling for the UE. 11. The UE of claim 7, wherein the threshold is determined based on a block error rate (BLER). 12. The UE of claim 11, wherein the reference signal is not received through outside of the first subband during the predetermined time. | 2,800 |
349,685 | 350,559 | 16,854,295 | 2,838 | Embodiments of the disclosure include methods and apparatus for a thermal chamber with a low thermal mass. In one embodiment, a chamber is disclosed that includes a body, a susceptor positioned within the body, a first set of heating devices positioned in an upper portion of the body above the susceptor and a second set of heating devices positioned in a lower portion of the body below the susceptor, wherein each of the first set of heating devices have a heating element having a longitudinal axis extending in a first direction, and each of the second set of heating devices have a heating element having a longitudinal axis extending in a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction, and wherein each of the heating elements have ends that are exposed to ambient environment. | 1. A chamber, comprising:
a body; a susceptor positioned within the body; a first set of heating devices positioned in an upper portion of the body above the susceptor; and a second set of heating devices positioned in a lower portion of the body below the susceptor, wherein each of the first set of heating devices have a heating element having a longitudinal axis extending in a first direction, and each of the second set of heating devices have a heating element having a longitudinal axis extending in a second direction, and wherein each of the heating elements have ends that are exposed to ambient environment. 2. The chamber of claim 1, the first direction is orthogonal to second direction. 3. The chamber of claim 1, the first direction is parallel to second direction. 4. The chamber of claim 1, further comprising an inject manifold and an exhaust manifold that provides a flow path in the first direction across the susceptor. 5. The chamber of claim 4, wherein first direction is substantially orthogonal to the flow path. 6. The chamber of claim 4, wherein the first direction is generally parallel to the flow path. 7. The chamber of claim 1, further comprising:
a liner coupled to a top of the body; and a liner coupled to a bottom of the body, wherein each of the liners comprise a thermal or optical isolation material and face the susceptor. 8. The chamber of claim 7, wherein each of the liners comprise an emissivity value of 0.7 or less. 9. The chamber of claim 1, wherein each of the heating elements are disposed in a tube comprising an optically transparent material. 10. The chamber of claim 9, wherein an interior of each of the tubes are in fluid communication with ambient environment. 11. A chamber, comprising:
a body; a susceptor positioned within the body; a first set of heating devices positioned in an upper portion of the body above the susceptor; a second set of heating devices positioned in a lower portion of the body below the susceptor; and a boundary plate positioned between the susceptor and the first set of heating devices, wherein each of the first set of heating devices have a heating element having a longitudinal axis extending in a first direction, and each of the second set of heating devices have a heating element having a longitudinal axis extending in a second direction, and wherein each of the heating elements are disposed in an optically transparent tube that extends outside of the body. 12. The chamber of claim 11, wherein the boundary plate comprises an optically transparent material. 13. The chamber of claim 11, wherein the boundary plate comprises an opaque material. 14. The chamber of claim 11, wherein each of the first set of heating devices and the second set of heating devices comprises a rotatable body. 15. The chamber of claim 14, wherein each of the rotatable bodies comprise a first side and a second side opposing the first side, wherein the second side is less reflective than the first side. 16. The chamber of claim 15, wherein the first side comprises a reflective coating or surface treatment having an emissivity of about 0.5 or less, and the second side comprises a reflective coating or surface treatment having an emissivity of greater than about 0.5. 17. The chamber of claim 14, wherein each of the rotatable bodies comprises an arc shaped member. 18. The chamber of claim 14, wherein each of the rotatable bodies comprises a rectangle shaped member. 19. The chamber of claim 11, further comprising a plurality of coolant channels formed in the body. 20. A chamber, comprising:
a body; a susceptor positioned within the body; a first set of heating devices positioned in an upper portion of the body above the susceptor; a second set of heating devices positioned in a lower portion of the body below the susceptor; a boundary plate positioned between the susceptor and the first set of heating devices, wherein each of the first set of heating devices have a heating element having a longitudinal axis extending in a first direction, and each of the second set of heating devices have a heating element having a longitudinal axis extending in a second direction, and wherein each of the heating elements are disposed in an optically transparent tube that extends outside of the body, and a coolant source in fluid communication with a portion of the first set of heating devices and the second set of heating devices. | Embodiments of the disclosure include methods and apparatus for a thermal chamber with a low thermal mass. In one embodiment, a chamber is disclosed that includes a body, a susceptor positioned within the body, a first set of heating devices positioned in an upper portion of the body above the susceptor and a second set of heating devices positioned in a lower portion of the body below the susceptor, wherein each of the first set of heating devices have a heating element having a longitudinal axis extending in a first direction, and each of the second set of heating devices have a heating element having a longitudinal axis extending in a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction, and wherein each of the heating elements have ends that are exposed to ambient environment.1. A chamber, comprising:
a body; a susceptor positioned within the body; a first set of heating devices positioned in an upper portion of the body above the susceptor; and a second set of heating devices positioned in a lower portion of the body below the susceptor, wherein each of the first set of heating devices have a heating element having a longitudinal axis extending in a first direction, and each of the second set of heating devices have a heating element having a longitudinal axis extending in a second direction, and wherein each of the heating elements have ends that are exposed to ambient environment. 2. The chamber of claim 1, the first direction is orthogonal to second direction. 3. The chamber of claim 1, the first direction is parallel to second direction. 4. The chamber of claim 1, further comprising an inject manifold and an exhaust manifold that provides a flow path in the first direction across the susceptor. 5. The chamber of claim 4, wherein first direction is substantially orthogonal to the flow path. 6. The chamber of claim 4, wherein the first direction is generally parallel to the flow path. 7. The chamber of claim 1, further comprising:
a liner coupled to a top of the body; and a liner coupled to a bottom of the body, wherein each of the liners comprise a thermal or optical isolation material and face the susceptor. 8. The chamber of claim 7, wherein each of the liners comprise an emissivity value of 0.7 or less. 9. The chamber of claim 1, wherein each of the heating elements are disposed in a tube comprising an optically transparent material. 10. The chamber of claim 9, wherein an interior of each of the tubes are in fluid communication with ambient environment. 11. A chamber, comprising:
a body; a susceptor positioned within the body; a first set of heating devices positioned in an upper portion of the body above the susceptor; a second set of heating devices positioned in a lower portion of the body below the susceptor; and a boundary plate positioned between the susceptor and the first set of heating devices, wherein each of the first set of heating devices have a heating element having a longitudinal axis extending in a first direction, and each of the second set of heating devices have a heating element having a longitudinal axis extending in a second direction, and wherein each of the heating elements are disposed in an optically transparent tube that extends outside of the body. 12. The chamber of claim 11, wherein the boundary plate comprises an optically transparent material. 13. The chamber of claim 11, wherein the boundary plate comprises an opaque material. 14. The chamber of claim 11, wherein each of the first set of heating devices and the second set of heating devices comprises a rotatable body. 15. The chamber of claim 14, wherein each of the rotatable bodies comprise a first side and a second side opposing the first side, wherein the second side is less reflective than the first side. 16. The chamber of claim 15, wherein the first side comprises a reflective coating or surface treatment having an emissivity of about 0.5 or less, and the second side comprises a reflective coating or surface treatment having an emissivity of greater than about 0.5. 17. The chamber of claim 14, wherein each of the rotatable bodies comprises an arc shaped member. 18. The chamber of claim 14, wherein each of the rotatable bodies comprises a rectangle shaped member. 19. The chamber of claim 11, further comprising a plurality of coolant channels formed in the body. 20. A chamber, comprising:
a body; a susceptor positioned within the body; a first set of heating devices positioned in an upper portion of the body above the susceptor; a second set of heating devices positioned in a lower portion of the body below the susceptor; a boundary plate positioned between the susceptor and the first set of heating devices, wherein each of the first set of heating devices have a heating element having a longitudinal axis extending in a first direction, and each of the second set of heating devices have a heating element having a longitudinal axis extending in a second direction, and wherein each of the heating elements are disposed in an optically transparent tube that extends outside of the body, and a coolant source in fluid communication with a portion of the first set of heating devices and the second set of heating devices. | 2,800 |
349,686 | 350,560 | 16,854,286 | 2,838 | A vehicle occupant protection system includes an imaging device, an occupant monitoring apparatus, and an occupant protection apparatus. The imaging device is configured to capture an image of an occupant riding in a vehicle. The occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to monitor the occupant on the basis of the captured image outputted from the imaging device, and configured to, in a case where a riding state of the occupant in the vehicle is undeterminable on the basis of the captured image outputted from the imaging device, switch an imaging range of the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device. The occupant protection apparatus is configured to execute, on the basis of the monitoring by the occupant monitoring apparatus, protection control that is based on the occupant riding in the vehicle. | 1. A vehicle occupant protection system comprising:
an imaging device configured to capture an image of an occupant riding in a vehicle; an occupant monitoring apparatus configured to monitor the occupant on a basis of the captured image outputted from the imaging device, and configured to, in a case where a riding state of the occupant in the vehicle is undeterminable on the basis of the captured image outputted from the imaging device, switch an imaging range of the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device; and an occupant protection apparatus configured to execute, on a basis of the monitoring by the occupant monitoring apparatus, protection control that is based on the occupant riding in the vehicle. 2. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 1, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in the case where the riding state of the occupant in the vehicle is undeterminable on the basis of the captured image outputted from the imaging device, switch the imaging range of the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device to an imaging range that is narrower than the imaging range of the captured image on the basis of which the riding state has been undeterminable. 3. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 1, wherein the imaging device includes:
an image sensor configured to capture an image of the occupant riding in the vehicle; a generator configured to generate an image designated by the occupant monitoring apparatus from the captured image of the image sensor; an evaluator configured to evaluate image quality of the image generated by the generator on a basis of the entire image; a corrector configured to correct the image generated by the generator on a basis of the evaluation by the evaluator; and an output unit configured to output the image corrected by the corrector as the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device. 4. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 2, wherein the imaging device includes:
an image sensor configured to capture an image of the occupant riding in the vehicle; a generator configured to generate an image designated by the occupant monitoring apparatus from the captured image of the image sensor; an evaluator configured to evaluate image quality of the image generated by the generator on a basis of the entire image; a corrector configured to correct the image generated by the generator on a basis of the evaluation by the evaluator; and an output unit configured to output the image corrected by the corrector as the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device. 5. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 1, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in a case where the riding state of the occupant in the vehicle is undeterminable on a basis of a first captured image that is outputted from the imaging device upon prediction of collision of the vehicle, switch the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device, by causing the imaging device to image a second imaging range narrower than a first imaging range of the first captured image. 6. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 2, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in a case where the riding state of the occupant in the vehicle is undeterminable on a basis of a first captured image that is outputted from the imaging device upon prediction of collision of the vehicle, switch the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device, by causing the imaging device to image a second imaging range narrower than a first imaging range of the first captured image. 7. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 5, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in a case where the riding state of the occupant in the vehicle is undeterminable on a basis of a second captured image of the second imaging range that is outputted from the imaging device, switch the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device, by causing the imaging device to image a third imaging range narrower than the second imaging range. 8. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 6, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in a case where the riding state of the occupant in the vehicle is undeterminable on a basis of a second captured image of the second imaging range that is outputted from the imaging device, switch the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device, by causing the imaging device to image a third imaging range narrower than the second imaging range. 9. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 7, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in a case where the riding state of the occupant in the vehicle is undeterminable on a basis of a third captured image of the third imaging range that is outputted from the imaging device, switch the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device, by causing the imaging device to image the third imaging range by dividing the third imaging range into a plurality of ranges. 10. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 8, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in a case where the riding state of the occupant in the vehicle is undeterminable on a basis of a third captured image of the third imaging range that is outputted from the imaging device, switch the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device, by causing the imaging device to image the third imaging range by dividing the third imaging range into a plurality of ranges. 11. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 9, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in a case where there is time before the occupant protection apparatus executes protection control for the occupant on a basis of detection of the collision of the vehicle, repeat a process of causing the imaging device to image the third imaging range by dividing the third imaging range into the plurality of ranges. 12. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 10, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in a case where there is time before the occupant protection apparatus executes protection control for the occupant on a basis of detection of the collision of the vehicle, repeat a process of causing the imaging device to image the third imaging range by dividing the third imaging range into the plurality of ranges. 13. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 1, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in switching the imaging range of the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device to a narrower imaging range, raise an output frame rate at which the imaging device outputs the captured image. 14. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 2, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in switching the imaging range of the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device to a narrower imaging range, raise an output frame rate at which the imaging device outputs the captured image. | A vehicle occupant protection system includes an imaging device, an occupant monitoring apparatus, and an occupant protection apparatus. The imaging device is configured to capture an image of an occupant riding in a vehicle. The occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to monitor the occupant on the basis of the captured image outputted from the imaging device, and configured to, in a case where a riding state of the occupant in the vehicle is undeterminable on the basis of the captured image outputted from the imaging device, switch an imaging range of the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device. The occupant protection apparatus is configured to execute, on the basis of the monitoring by the occupant monitoring apparatus, protection control that is based on the occupant riding in the vehicle.1. A vehicle occupant protection system comprising:
an imaging device configured to capture an image of an occupant riding in a vehicle; an occupant monitoring apparatus configured to monitor the occupant on a basis of the captured image outputted from the imaging device, and configured to, in a case where a riding state of the occupant in the vehicle is undeterminable on the basis of the captured image outputted from the imaging device, switch an imaging range of the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device; and an occupant protection apparatus configured to execute, on a basis of the monitoring by the occupant monitoring apparatus, protection control that is based on the occupant riding in the vehicle. 2. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 1, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in the case where the riding state of the occupant in the vehicle is undeterminable on the basis of the captured image outputted from the imaging device, switch the imaging range of the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device to an imaging range that is narrower than the imaging range of the captured image on the basis of which the riding state has been undeterminable. 3. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 1, wherein the imaging device includes:
an image sensor configured to capture an image of the occupant riding in the vehicle; a generator configured to generate an image designated by the occupant monitoring apparatus from the captured image of the image sensor; an evaluator configured to evaluate image quality of the image generated by the generator on a basis of the entire image; a corrector configured to correct the image generated by the generator on a basis of the evaluation by the evaluator; and an output unit configured to output the image corrected by the corrector as the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device. 4. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 2, wherein the imaging device includes:
an image sensor configured to capture an image of the occupant riding in the vehicle; a generator configured to generate an image designated by the occupant monitoring apparatus from the captured image of the image sensor; an evaluator configured to evaluate image quality of the image generated by the generator on a basis of the entire image; a corrector configured to correct the image generated by the generator on a basis of the evaluation by the evaluator; and an output unit configured to output the image corrected by the corrector as the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device. 5. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 1, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in a case where the riding state of the occupant in the vehicle is undeterminable on a basis of a first captured image that is outputted from the imaging device upon prediction of collision of the vehicle, switch the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device, by causing the imaging device to image a second imaging range narrower than a first imaging range of the first captured image. 6. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 2, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in a case where the riding state of the occupant in the vehicle is undeterminable on a basis of a first captured image that is outputted from the imaging device upon prediction of collision of the vehicle, switch the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device, by causing the imaging device to image a second imaging range narrower than a first imaging range of the first captured image. 7. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 5, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in a case where the riding state of the occupant in the vehicle is undeterminable on a basis of a second captured image of the second imaging range that is outputted from the imaging device, switch the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device, by causing the imaging device to image a third imaging range narrower than the second imaging range. 8. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 6, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in a case where the riding state of the occupant in the vehicle is undeterminable on a basis of a second captured image of the second imaging range that is outputted from the imaging device, switch the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device, by causing the imaging device to image a third imaging range narrower than the second imaging range. 9. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 7, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in a case where the riding state of the occupant in the vehicle is undeterminable on a basis of a third captured image of the third imaging range that is outputted from the imaging device, switch the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device, by causing the imaging device to image the third imaging range by dividing the third imaging range into a plurality of ranges. 10. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 8, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in a case where the riding state of the occupant in the vehicle is undeterminable on a basis of a third captured image of the third imaging range that is outputted from the imaging device, switch the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device, by causing the imaging device to image the third imaging range by dividing the third imaging range into a plurality of ranges. 11. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 9, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in a case where there is time before the occupant protection apparatus executes protection control for the occupant on a basis of detection of the collision of the vehicle, repeat a process of causing the imaging device to image the third imaging range by dividing the third imaging range into the plurality of ranges. 12. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 10, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in a case where there is time before the occupant protection apparatus executes protection control for the occupant on a basis of detection of the collision of the vehicle, repeat a process of causing the imaging device to image the third imaging range by dividing the third imaging range into the plurality of ranges. 13. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 1, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in switching the imaging range of the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device to a narrower imaging range, raise an output frame rate at which the imaging device outputs the captured image. 14. The vehicle occupant protection system according to claim 2, wherein the occupant monitoring apparatus is configured to, in switching the imaging range of the captured image to be outputted from the imaging device to a narrower imaging range, raise an output frame rate at which the imaging device outputs the captured image. | 2,800 |
349,687 | 350,561 | 16,854,298 | 2,838 | An apparatus and a method are configured for estimating a slope angle of a road. The slope angle of a road is estimated based on a longitudinal slope angle of the road which is calculated based on a Kinematic model, an effective weight corresponding to a control amount of a driver and a filter constant to estimate the slope angle of the road with higher precision in the case of a U-turn, rapid acceleration, or rapid deceleration in which a longitudinal acceleration of the vehicle is remarkably increased. The apparatus includes a controller to estimate the slope angle of the road, based on a longitudinal slope angle of the road which is calculated based on a Kinematic model, an effective weight corresponding to a control amount of a driver and a filter constant, and an output device to output the estimated slope angle of the road. | 1. An apparatus for estimating a slope angle of a road, the apparatus comprising:
a controller configured to estimate the slope angle of the road, based on a longitudinal slope angle of the road, which is calculated based on a Kinematic model, an effective weight corresponding to a control amount of a driver and a filter constant; and an output device configured to output the estimated slope angle of the road. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
estimate a road slope angle at a present time point using a road slope angle estimated at a previous time point and a road slope angle calculated at the present time point. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to:
estimate the road slope angle estimated at the previous time point, as the road slope angle at the present time point, when the effective weight is the minimum value; and estimate the road slope angle at the present time point by reflecting the road slope angle estimated at the previous time point more than the road slope angle calculated at the present time point when the effective weight is not the minimum value. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the controller is configured to:
estimate the road slope angle at the present time point based on following Equation A,
{circumflex over (θ)}slope,n=(1−K){circumflex over (θ)}slope,n-1 +Kθ slope Equation A
in which {circumflex over (θ)}slope,n denotes the road slope angle estimated at the present time point, {circumflex over (θ)}slope,n-1 denotes the road slope angle estimated at the previous time point, θslope denotes the road slope angle calculated at the present time point, and K denotes the final weight. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the control amount of the driver includes:
at least one of an Accel Peal Sensor (APS) value, a pressure value of a master cylinder, a steering angle of a vehicle, and/or a steering angular speed of the vehicle. 6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the controller is configured to:
calculate, as an effective value, the minimum value among a lateral steering weight based on the steering angle and the steering angular speed of the vehicle, a longitudinal acceleration weight based on the APS value, and a longitudinal deceleration weight based on the pressure value of the master cylinder. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the lateral steering weight is a lateral steering weight corresponding to a lateral factor (Lfactor) based on the steering angle and the steering angular speed of the vehicle, 8. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising:
a storage configured to store Cr, Cr, lf, lr, and m; a longitudinal speed sensor configured to measure a longitudinal speed (Vx) of the vehicle; a steering angle sensor configured to measure the steering angle (δf) of the vehicle; and a steering angular speed sensor configured to measure the steering angular speed (δf) of the vehicle. 9. A method for estimating a slope angle of a road, the method comprising:
estimating the slope angle of the road, based on a longitudinal slope angle of the road, which is calculated based on a Kinematic model, an effective weight corresponding to a control amount of a driver and a filter constant; and outputting the estimated slope angle of the road. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the estimating of the slope angle of the road includes:
estimating a road slope angle at a present time point using a road slope angle estimated at a previous time point and a road slope angle calculated at the present time point 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the estimating of the road slope angle at the present time point includes:
estimating the road slope angle estimated at the previous time point, as the road slope angle at the present time point, when the effective weight is the minimum value, and estimating the road slope angle at the present time point by reflecting the road slope angle estimated at the previous time point more than the road slope angle calculated at the present time point when the effective weight is not the minimum value. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the estimating of the road slope angle at the present time point includes:
estimating the road slope angle at the present time point based on following Equation A,
{circumflex over (θ)}slope,n=(1−K){circumflex over (θ)}slope,n-1 +Kθ slope Equation A
in which {circumflex over (θ)}slope,n denotes the road slope angle estimated at the present time point, {circumflex over (θ)}slope,n-1 denotes the road slope angle estimated at the previous time point, θslope denotes the road slope angle calculated at the present time point, and K denotes the final weight. 13. The method of claim 9, wherein the control amount of the driver includes:
at least one of an Accel Pedal Sensor (APS) value, a pressure value of a master cylinder, a steering angle of a vehicle, and/or a steering angular speed of the vehicle. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the estimating of the slope angle of the road includes:
calculating, as an effective value, the minimum value among a lateral steering weight based on the steering angle and the steering angular speed of the vehicle, a longitudinal acceleration weight based on the APS value, and a longitudinal deceleration weight based on the pressure value of the master cylinder. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the lateral steering weight is a lateral steering weight corresponding to a lateral factor (Lfactor) based on the steering angle and the steering angular speed of the vehicle, | An apparatus and a method are configured for estimating a slope angle of a road. The slope angle of a road is estimated based on a longitudinal slope angle of the road which is calculated based on a Kinematic model, an effective weight corresponding to a control amount of a driver and a filter constant to estimate the slope angle of the road with higher precision in the case of a U-turn, rapid acceleration, or rapid deceleration in which a longitudinal acceleration of the vehicle is remarkably increased. The apparatus includes a controller to estimate the slope angle of the road, based on a longitudinal slope angle of the road which is calculated based on a Kinematic model, an effective weight corresponding to a control amount of a driver and a filter constant, and an output device to output the estimated slope angle of the road.1. An apparatus for estimating a slope angle of a road, the apparatus comprising:
a controller configured to estimate the slope angle of the road, based on a longitudinal slope angle of the road, which is calculated based on a Kinematic model, an effective weight corresponding to a control amount of a driver and a filter constant; and an output device configured to output the estimated slope angle of the road. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to:
estimate a road slope angle at a present time point using a road slope angle estimated at a previous time point and a road slope angle calculated at the present time point. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to:
estimate the road slope angle estimated at the previous time point, as the road slope angle at the present time point, when the effective weight is the minimum value; and estimate the road slope angle at the present time point by reflecting the road slope angle estimated at the previous time point more than the road slope angle calculated at the present time point when the effective weight is not the minimum value. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the controller is configured to:
estimate the road slope angle at the present time point based on following Equation A,
{circumflex over (θ)}slope,n=(1−K){circumflex over (θ)}slope,n-1 +Kθ slope Equation A
in which {circumflex over (θ)}slope,n denotes the road slope angle estimated at the present time point, {circumflex over (θ)}slope,n-1 denotes the road slope angle estimated at the previous time point, θslope denotes the road slope angle calculated at the present time point, and K denotes the final weight. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the control amount of the driver includes:
at least one of an Accel Peal Sensor (APS) value, a pressure value of a master cylinder, a steering angle of a vehicle, and/or a steering angular speed of the vehicle. 6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the controller is configured to:
calculate, as an effective value, the minimum value among a lateral steering weight based on the steering angle and the steering angular speed of the vehicle, a longitudinal acceleration weight based on the APS value, and a longitudinal deceleration weight based on the pressure value of the master cylinder. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the lateral steering weight is a lateral steering weight corresponding to a lateral factor (Lfactor) based on the steering angle and the steering angular speed of the vehicle, 8. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising:
a storage configured to store Cr, Cr, lf, lr, and m; a longitudinal speed sensor configured to measure a longitudinal speed (Vx) of the vehicle; a steering angle sensor configured to measure the steering angle (δf) of the vehicle; and a steering angular speed sensor configured to measure the steering angular speed (δf) of the vehicle. 9. A method for estimating a slope angle of a road, the method comprising:
estimating the slope angle of the road, based on a longitudinal slope angle of the road, which is calculated based on a Kinematic model, an effective weight corresponding to a control amount of a driver and a filter constant; and outputting the estimated slope angle of the road. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the estimating of the slope angle of the road includes:
estimating a road slope angle at a present time point using a road slope angle estimated at a previous time point and a road slope angle calculated at the present time point 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the estimating of the road slope angle at the present time point includes:
estimating the road slope angle estimated at the previous time point, as the road slope angle at the present time point, when the effective weight is the minimum value, and estimating the road slope angle at the present time point by reflecting the road slope angle estimated at the previous time point more than the road slope angle calculated at the present time point when the effective weight is not the minimum value. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the estimating of the road slope angle at the present time point includes:
estimating the road slope angle at the present time point based on following Equation A,
{circumflex over (θ)}slope,n=(1−K){circumflex over (θ)}slope,n-1 +Kθ slope Equation A
in which {circumflex over (θ)}slope,n denotes the road slope angle estimated at the present time point, {circumflex over (θ)}slope,n-1 denotes the road slope angle estimated at the previous time point, θslope denotes the road slope angle calculated at the present time point, and K denotes the final weight. 13. The method of claim 9, wherein the control amount of the driver includes:
at least one of an Accel Pedal Sensor (APS) value, a pressure value of a master cylinder, a steering angle of a vehicle, and/or a steering angular speed of the vehicle. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the estimating of the slope angle of the road includes:
calculating, as an effective value, the minimum value among a lateral steering weight based on the steering angle and the steering angular speed of the vehicle, a longitudinal acceleration weight based on the APS value, and a longitudinal deceleration weight based on the pressure value of the master cylinder. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the lateral steering weight is a lateral steering weight corresponding to a lateral factor (Lfactor) based on the steering angle and the steering angular speed of the vehicle, | 2,800 |
349,688 | 350,562 | 16,854,311 | 2,838 | A heated jacket assembly for keeping a user warm includes a jacket that is wearable on a user when the user needs to keep warm. A heating element is integrated into the jacket and the heating element comprises a carbon fiber material to produce heat when exposed to an electrical current. A remote control is provided that is carried by the user. The remote control is in wireless communication with the heating element for adjusting the temperature of the heating element and to turn the heating element on and off. | 1. A heated jacket assembly for keeping a person warm in a cold environment, said assembly comprising:
a jacket being wearable on a user when the user needs to keep warm; a heating element being integrated into said jacket, said heating element comprising a carbon fiber material wherein said heating element is configured to produce heat when exposed to an electrical current; and a remote control being carried by the user, said remote control being in wireless communication with said heating element for adjusting the temperature of said heating element and to turn said heating element on and off. 2. The assembly according to claim 1, wherein:
said jacket having a body, a pair of sleeves and a hood; and said heating element is formed into a plurality of loops being distributed throughout each of said sleeves, said body and said hood wherein said heating element is configured to warm the entire top half of the user's body. 3. The assembly according to claim 1, further comprising control circuit being integrated into said jacket, said control circuit being electrically coupled to said heating element. 4. The assembly according to claim 3, further comprising a temperature sensor being integrated into said jacket, said temperature sensor being in thermal communication with said heating element, said temperature sensor being electrically coupled to said control circuit, said control circuit turning said heating element off when said temperature senses that the temperature of said heating element has exceeded a pre-determined maximum temperature. 5. The assembly according to claim 3, further comprising a receiver being integrated into said jacket, said receiver being electrically coupled to said control circuit. 6. The assembly according to claim 3, further comprising a power supply being integrated into said jacket, said power supply being electrically coupled to said control circuit, said power supply comprising at least one battery. 7. The assembly according to claim 5, wherein said remote control is in wireless communication with said receiver, said remote control broadcasting a temperature command to said receiver for defining the maximum temperature for said heating element, said remote control broadcasting an on signal to said receiver for turning on said heating element, said remote control broadcasting an off signal to said receiver for turning off said heating element. 8. A heated jacket assembly for keeping a person warm in a cold environment, said assembly comprising:
a jacket being wearable on a user when the user needs to keep warm, said jacket having a body, a pair of sleeves and a hood; a heating element being integrated into said jacket, said heating element comprising a carbon fiber material wherein said heating element is configured to produce heat when exposed to an electrical current, said heating element being formed into a plurality of loops being distributed throughout each of said sleeves, said body and said hood wherein said heating element is configured to warm the entire top half of the user's body; control circuit being integrated into said jacket, said control circuit being electrically coupled to said heating element; a temperature sensor being integrated into said jacket, said temperature sensor being in thermal communication with said heating element, said temperature sensor being electrically coupled to said control circuit, said control circuit turning said heating element off when said temperature senses that the temperature of said heating element has exceeded a pre-determined maximum temperature; a receiver being integrated into said jacket, said receiver being electrically coupled to said control circuit; a power supply being integrated into said jacket, said power supply being electrically coupled to said control circuit, said power supply comprising at least one battery; and a remote control being carried by the user, said remote control being in wireless communication with said receiver, said remote control broadcasting a temperature command to said receiver for defining the maximum temperature for said heating element, said remote control broadcasting an on signal to said receiver for turning on said heating element, said remote control broadcasting an off signal to said receiver for turning off said heating element. 9. The assembly according to claim 8, wherein said remote control comprises a personal electronic device, said personal electronic device storing operational software for controlling operational parameters of said heating element. | A heated jacket assembly for keeping a user warm includes a jacket that is wearable on a user when the user needs to keep warm. A heating element is integrated into the jacket and the heating element comprises a carbon fiber material to produce heat when exposed to an electrical current. A remote control is provided that is carried by the user. The remote control is in wireless communication with the heating element for adjusting the temperature of the heating element and to turn the heating element on and off.1. A heated jacket assembly for keeping a person warm in a cold environment, said assembly comprising:
a jacket being wearable on a user when the user needs to keep warm; a heating element being integrated into said jacket, said heating element comprising a carbon fiber material wherein said heating element is configured to produce heat when exposed to an electrical current; and a remote control being carried by the user, said remote control being in wireless communication with said heating element for adjusting the temperature of said heating element and to turn said heating element on and off. 2. The assembly according to claim 1, wherein:
said jacket having a body, a pair of sleeves and a hood; and said heating element is formed into a plurality of loops being distributed throughout each of said sleeves, said body and said hood wherein said heating element is configured to warm the entire top half of the user's body. 3. The assembly according to claim 1, further comprising control circuit being integrated into said jacket, said control circuit being electrically coupled to said heating element. 4. The assembly according to claim 3, further comprising a temperature sensor being integrated into said jacket, said temperature sensor being in thermal communication with said heating element, said temperature sensor being electrically coupled to said control circuit, said control circuit turning said heating element off when said temperature senses that the temperature of said heating element has exceeded a pre-determined maximum temperature. 5. The assembly according to claim 3, further comprising a receiver being integrated into said jacket, said receiver being electrically coupled to said control circuit. 6. The assembly according to claim 3, further comprising a power supply being integrated into said jacket, said power supply being electrically coupled to said control circuit, said power supply comprising at least one battery. 7. The assembly according to claim 5, wherein said remote control is in wireless communication with said receiver, said remote control broadcasting a temperature command to said receiver for defining the maximum temperature for said heating element, said remote control broadcasting an on signal to said receiver for turning on said heating element, said remote control broadcasting an off signal to said receiver for turning off said heating element. 8. A heated jacket assembly for keeping a person warm in a cold environment, said assembly comprising:
a jacket being wearable on a user when the user needs to keep warm, said jacket having a body, a pair of sleeves and a hood; a heating element being integrated into said jacket, said heating element comprising a carbon fiber material wherein said heating element is configured to produce heat when exposed to an electrical current, said heating element being formed into a plurality of loops being distributed throughout each of said sleeves, said body and said hood wherein said heating element is configured to warm the entire top half of the user's body; control circuit being integrated into said jacket, said control circuit being electrically coupled to said heating element; a temperature sensor being integrated into said jacket, said temperature sensor being in thermal communication with said heating element, said temperature sensor being electrically coupled to said control circuit, said control circuit turning said heating element off when said temperature senses that the temperature of said heating element has exceeded a pre-determined maximum temperature; a receiver being integrated into said jacket, said receiver being electrically coupled to said control circuit; a power supply being integrated into said jacket, said power supply being electrically coupled to said control circuit, said power supply comprising at least one battery; and a remote control being carried by the user, said remote control being in wireless communication with said receiver, said remote control broadcasting a temperature command to said receiver for defining the maximum temperature for said heating element, said remote control broadcasting an on signal to said receiver for turning on said heating element, said remote control broadcasting an off signal to said receiver for turning off said heating element. 9. The assembly according to claim 8, wherein said remote control comprises a personal electronic device, said personal electronic device storing operational software for controlling operational parameters of said heating element. | 2,800 |
349,689 | 350,563 | 16,854,278 | 2,838 | An example implementation involves a playback device receiving digital data representing audio content, the digital data encoded in a first format. The playback device causes one or more speaker drivers to playback the audio content. The playback device decodes a portion of the received digital data to convert the portion of the received digital data from the first format to a second format and transmits, via a network interface to a computing device of an identification system, the decoded portion of the received digital data. The playback device receives, from via the network interface from the identification system, metadata corresponding to the audio content, and in response, causes a control device to display a graphical representation of the received metadata, wherein causing the control device to display the graphical representation comprises sending, via the network interface to the control device, the received metadata to the control device. | 1. A control device comprising:
one or more processors; and memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the control device to perform functions comprising:
detecting musical content within audio content playing back via a playback device, wherein the audio content is identified by first metadata;
determining that the first metadata excludes one or more items of metadata corresponding to the musical content;
based on determining that the first metadata excludes the one or more items of metadata corresponding to the musical content, transmitting a request for second metadata corresponding to the musical content from a first identification system;
receiving, from the first identification system, a message indicating that the first identification system was unable to retrieve information related to the musical content;
based on receiving the message, transmitting a further request for third metadata corresponding to the musical content from a second identification system; and
receiving, from the second identification system after transmitting the further request, supplementary metadata containing information related to the musical content. 2. The control device of claim 1, wherein the functions further comprise:
based on determining that the first metadata excludes one or more items of metadata corresponding to the musical content, displaying a graphical representation of a search request. 3. The control device of claim 2, wherein the graphical representation of a search request comprises a prompt to refresh metadata. 4. The control device of claim 2, wherein the graphical representation of a search request comprises a prompt to perform a web search. 5. The control device of claim 1, wherein the functions further comprise:
based on receiving the supplementary metadata, storing instructions to send future requests corresponding to the musical content to the second identification system. 6. The control device of claim 1, wherein the functions further comprise:
based on receiving the supplementary metadata, storing instructions to send future requests corresponding to the musical content to the second identification system. 7. The control device of claim 1, wherein determining that the first metadata excludes one or more items of metadata corresponding to musical content comprises detecting a discontinuity in the musical content. 8. The control device of claim 1, wherein the supplementary metadata comprises one or more of: (i) album name; (ii) track title; (iii) artist name; (iv) album year; (v) release date; (vi) composing entity; and (vii) performing entity. 9. The control device of claim 8, wherein the functions further comprise:
displaying a graphical representation of the supplementary metadata. 10. The control device of claim 1, wherein the functions further comprise:
after receiving the supplementary metadata, displaying a graphical representation of the received supplementary metadata. 11. The control device of claim 1, wherein transmitting the further request for third metadata comprises transmitting multiple requests for third metadata corresponding to the musical content from multiple identification systems. 12. The control device of claim 11, wherein the functions further comprise:
t receiving from the multiple identification systems after transmitting the multiple requests, supplementary metadata containing information related to the musical content; and after receiving the supplementary metadata, displaying a graphical representation of the received supplementary metadata. 13. A method comprising:
detecting, by a control device, musical content within audio content playing back via a playback device, wherein the audio content is identified by first metadata; determining, by the control device, that the first metadata excludes one or more items of metadata corresponding to the musical content; based on determining that the first metadata excludes the one or more items of metadata corresponding to the musical content, transmitting, by the control device, a request for second metadata corresponding to the musical content from a first identification system; receiving, by the control device, from the first identification system, a message indicating that the first identification system was unable to retrieve information related to the musical content; based on receiving the message, transmitting, by the control device, a further request for third metadata corresponding to the musical content from a second identification system; and receiving, by the control device, from the second identification system after transmitting the further request, supplementary metadata containing information related to the musical content. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the functions further comprise:
based on determining that the first metadata excludes one or more items of metadata corresponding to the musical content, displaying, by the control device, a graphical representation of a search request. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the graphical representation of a search request comprises a prompt to refresh metadata. 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the graphical representation of a search request comprises a prompt to perform a web search. 17. The method of claim 13, wherein the supplementary metadata comprises one or more of: (i) album name; (ii) track title; (iii) artist name; (iv) album year; (v) release date; (vi) composing entity; and (vii) performing entity. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the functions further comprise:
displaying, by the control device, a graphical representation of the supplementary metadata. 19. The method of claim 13, wherein the functions further comprise, after receiving the supplementary metadata, displaying, by the control device, a graphical representation of the received supplementary metadata. 20. Tangible, non-transitory computer-readable media having stored therein instructions executable by one or more processors, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause a control device to perform functions comprising:
detecting, by the control device, musical content within audio content playing back via a playback device, wherein the audio content is identified by first metadata; determining, by the control device, that the first metadata excludes one or more items of metadata corresponding to the musical content; based on determining that the first metadata excludes the one or more items of metadata corresponding to the musical content, transmitting, by the control device, a request for second metadata corresponding to the musical content from a first identification system; receiving, by the control device, from the first identification system, a message indicating that the first identification system was unable to retrieve information related to the musical content; based on receiving the message, transmitting, by the control device, a further request for third metadata corresponding to the musical content from a second identification system; and receiving, by the control device, from the second identification system after o transmitting the further request, supplementary metadata containing information related to the musical content. | An example implementation involves a playback device receiving digital data representing audio content, the digital data encoded in a first format. The playback device causes one or more speaker drivers to playback the audio content. The playback device decodes a portion of the received digital data to convert the portion of the received digital data from the first format to a second format and transmits, via a network interface to a computing device of an identification system, the decoded portion of the received digital data. The playback device receives, from via the network interface from the identification system, metadata corresponding to the audio content, and in response, causes a control device to display a graphical representation of the received metadata, wherein causing the control device to display the graphical representation comprises sending, via the network interface to the control device, the received metadata to the control device.1. A control device comprising:
one or more processors; and memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the control device to perform functions comprising:
detecting musical content within audio content playing back via a playback device, wherein the audio content is identified by first metadata;
determining that the first metadata excludes one or more items of metadata corresponding to the musical content;
based on determining that the first metadata excludes the one or more items of metadata corresponding to the musical content, transmitting a request for second metadata corresponding to the musical content from a first identification system;
receiving, from the first identification system, a message indicating that the first identification system was unable to retrieve information related to the musical content;
based on receiving the message, transmitting a further request for third metadata corresponding to the musical content from a second identification system; and
receiving, from the second identification system after transmitting the further request, supplementary metadata containing information related to the musical content. 2. The control device of claim 1, wherein the functions further comprise:
based on determining that the first metadata excludes one or more items of metadata corresponding to the musical content, displaying a graphical representation of a search request. 3. The control device of claim 2, wherein the graphical representation of a search request comprises a prompt to refresh metadata. 4. The control device of claim 2, wherein the graphical representation of a search request comprises a prompt to perform a web search. 5. The control device of claim 1, wherein the functions further comprise:
based on receiving the supplementary metadata, storing instructions to send future requests corresponding to the musical content to the second identification system. 6. The control device of claim 1, wherein the functions further comprise:
based on receiving the supplementary metadata, storing instructions to send future requests corresponding to the musical content to the second identification system. 7. The control device of claim 1, wherein determining that the first metadata excludes one or more items of metadata corresponding to musical content comprises detecting a discontinuity in the musical content. 8. The control device of claim 1, wherein the supplementary metadata comprises one or more of: (i) album name; (ii) track title; (iii) artist name; (iv) album year; (v) release date; (vi) composing entity; and (vii) performing entity. 9. The control device of claim 8, wherein the functions further comprise:
displaying a graphical representation of the supplementary metadata. 10. The control device of claim 1, wherein the functions further comprise:
after receiving the supplementary metadata, displaying a graphical representation of the received supplementary metadata. 11. The control device of claim 1, wherein transmitting the further request for third metadata comprises transmitting multiple requests for third metadata corresponding to the musical content from multiple identification systems. 12. The control device of claim 11, wherein the functions further comprise:
t receiving from the multiple identification systems after transmitting the multiple requests, supplementary metadata containing information related to the musical content; and after receiving the supplementary metadata, displaying a graphical representation of the received supplementary metadata. 13. A method comprising:
detecting, by a control device, musical content within audio content playing back via a playback device, wherein the audio content is identified by first metadata; determining, by the control device, that the first metadata excludes one or more items of metadata corresponding to the musical content; based on determining that the first metadata excludes the one or more items of metadata corresponding to the musical content, transmitting, by the control device, a request for second metadata corresponding to the musical content from a first identification system; receiving, by the control device, from the first identification system, a message indicating that the first identification system was unable to retrieve information related to the musical content; based on receiving the message, transmitting, by the control device, a further request for third metadata corresponding to the musical content from a second identification system; and receiving, by the control device, from the second identification system after transmitting the further request, supplementary metadata containing information related to the musical content. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the functions further comprise:
based on determining that the first metadata excludes one or more items of metadata corresponding to the musical content, displaying, by the control device, a graphical representation of a search request. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the graphical representation of a search request comprises a prompt to refresh metadata. 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the graphical representation of a search request comprises a prompt to perform a web search. 17. The method of claim 13, wherein the supplementary metadata comprises one or more of: (i) album name; (ii) track title; (iii) artist name; (iv) album year; (v) release date; (vi) composing entity; and (vii) performing entity. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the functions further comprise:
displaying, by the control device, a graphical representation of the supplementary metadata. 19. The method of claim 13, wherein the functions further comprise, after receiving the supplementary metadata, displaying, by the control device, a graphical representation of the received supplementary metadata. 20. Tangible, non-transitory computer-readable media having stored therein instructions executable by one or more processors, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause a control device to perform functions comprising:
detecting, by the control device, musical content within audio content playing back via a playback device, wherein the audio content is identified by first metadata; determining, by the control device, that the first metadata excludes one or more items of metadata corresponding to the musical content; based on determining that the first metadata excludes the one or more items of metadata corresponding to the musical content, transmitting, by the control device, a request for second metadata corresponding to the musical content from a first identification system; receiving, by the control device, from the first identification system, a message indicating that the first identification system was unable to retrieve information related to the musical content; based on receiving the message, transmitting, by the control device, a further request for third metadata corresponding to the musical content from a second identification system; and receiving, by the control device, from the second identification system after o transmitting the further request, supplementary metadata containing information related to the musical content. | 2,800 |
349,690 | 350,564 | 16,854,296 | 2,838 | A casing of an electronic device including successive pattern structures is provided, including a first body, a second body, a first light emitting pattern, and a second light emitting pattern. The first body includes an outer surface and an inner surface, and the outer surface includes a first side edge. The second body includes an upper surface and a pivoting structure. The upper surface includes a covered area and an exposed area. The first body is pivotally connected to the second body through the pivoting structure, and the pivoting structure is located between the covered area and the exposed area. The first light emitting pattern is located on the outer surface and includes a first end extending to the first side edge. A second light emitting pattern, located on the exposed area, and including a second end. When the inner surface covers the covered area, the first end is aligned with the second end. The casing of the electronic device forms a visually successive light emitting pattern according to pattern structures on different bodies. In this way, even when the successive pattern structures are not physically connected, a more diversified and more powerful light emitting effect is provided. | 1. A casing of an electronic device with successive pattern structures, comprising:
a first body, comprising an outer surface and an inner surface, wherein the outer surface comprises a first side edge; a second body, comprising an upper surface and a pivoting structure, wherein the upper surface comprises a covered area and an exposed area, the first body is pivotally connected to the second body through the pivoting structure, and the pivoting structure is located between the covered area and the exposed area; a first light emitting pattern, located on the outer surface, and comprising a first end extending to the first side edge; and a second light emitting pattern, located on the exposed area, and comprising a second end, wherein when the first body covers the covered area of the second body, the first end is aligned with the second end. 2. The casing of the electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the first light emitting pattern and the second light emitting pattern are linear pattern structures. 3. The casing of the electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the outer surface comprises a second side edge opposite to the first side edge, and the first light emitting pattern extends from the first side edge to the second side edge. 4. The casing of the electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the exposed area comprises a first side and a second side, the second end extends to the first side, and the second light emitting pattern extends from the first side to the second side. 5. The casing of the electronic device according to claim 1, further comprising a third light emitting pattern surrounding the first body, wherein the third light emitting pattern is connected to the first light emitting pattern. 6. The casing of the electronic device according to claim 1, further comprising a fourth light emitting pattern surrounding the second body, wherein the fourth light emitting pattern is connected to the second light emitting pattern. 7. The casing of the electronic device according to claim 1, further comprising a fifth light emitting pattern located on the inner surface. 8. The casing of the electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the first light emitting pattern extends to a rear surface of the first body. 9. The casing of the electronic device according to claim 8, wherein the rear surface comprises a chamfer or a fillet. | A casing of an electronic device including successive pattern structures is provided, including a first body, a second body, a first light emitting pattern, and a second light emitting pattern. The first body includes an outer surface and an inner surface, and the outer surface includes a first side edge. The second body includes an upper surface and a pivoting structure. The upper surface includes a covered area and an exposed area. The first body is pivotally connected to the second body through the pivoting structure, and the pivoting structure is located between the covered area and the exposed area. The first light emitting pattern is located on the outer surface and includes a first end extending to the first side edge. A second light emitting pattern, located on the exposed area, and including a second end. When the inner surface covers the covered area, the first end is aligned with the second end. The casing of the electronic device forms a visually successive light emitting pattern according to pattern structures on different bodies. In this way, even when the successive pattern structures are not physically connected, a more diversified and more powerful light emitting effect is provided.1. A casing of an electronic device with successive pattern structures, comprising:
a first body, comprising an outer surface and an inner surface, wherein the outer surface comprises a first side edge; a second body, comprising an upper surface and a pivoting structure, wherein the upper surface comprises a covered area and an exposed area, the first body is pivotally connected to the second body through the pivoting structure, and the pivoting structure is located between the covered area and the exposed area; a first light emitting pattern, located on the outer surface, and comprising a first end extending to the first side edge; and a second light emitting pattern, located on the exposed area, and comprising a second end, wherein when the first body covers the covered area of the second body, the first end is aligned with the second end. 2. The casing of the electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the first light emitting pattern and the second light emitting pattern are linear pattern structures. 3. The casing of the electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the outer surface comprises a second side edge opposite to the first side edge, and the first light emitting pattern extends from the first side edge to the second side edge. 4. The casing of the electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the exposed area comprises a first side and a second side, the second end extends to the first side, and the second light emitting pattern extends from the first side to the second side. 5. The casing of the electronic device according to claim 1, further comprising a third light emitting pattern surrounding the first body, wherein the third light emitting pattern is connected to the first light emitting pattern. 6. The casing of the electronic device according to claim 1, further comprising a fourth light emitting pattern surrounding the second body, wherein the fourth light emitting pattern is connected to the second light emitting pattern. 7. The casing of the electronic device according to claim 1, further comprising a fifth light emitting pattern located on the inner surface. 8. The casing of the electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the first light emitting pattern extends to a rear surface of the first body. 9. The casing of the electronic device according to claim 8, wherein the rear surface comprises a chamfer or a fillet. | 2,800 |
349,691 | 350,565 | 16,854,268 | 2,838 | Provided is an image processing device including a control information setting unit that sets control information for controlling whether to use a vector of a base view as a candidate for a prediction vector of a dependent view in motion prediction at a time of encoding a multi-view image, an IVMP processing unit that performs, when the vector view is set as a candidate according to the control information, IVMP processing for setting the vector as a candidate for a prediction vector of a current block of the dependent view, a list generation unit that generates a list of candidates for the prediction vector of the current block, and when there is a candidate generated by the IVMP processing unit and including the vector of the base view, add the candidate to the list, and a transmission unit that transmits the control information. | 1. An image processing device comprising:
a control information setting unit configured to set control information for controlling whether or not to use a vector of a base view as a candidate for a prediction vector of a dependent view in motion prediction at a time of encoding a multi-view image; an inter-view motion prediction (IVMP) processing unit configured to perform IVMP processing for setting the vector of the base view as a candidate for a prediction vector of a current block of the dependent view when the vector of the base view is set to be used as a candidate for the prediction vector of the dependent view according to the control information set by the control information setting unit; a list generation unit configured to generate a list of candidates for the prediction vector of the current block, and when there is a candidate generated by the IVMP processing unit and including the vector of the base view, add the candidate to the list; and a transmission unit configured to transmit the control information set by the control information setting unit. 2. The image processing device according to claim 1, further comprising:
an unavailability setting unit configured to set the vector of the base view to be not available as the prediction vector of the dependent view when the vector of the base view is set not to be used as a candidate for the prediction vector of the dependent view according to the control information set by the control information setting unit. 3. The image processing device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a value setting unit configured to set a predetermined value instead of the candidate including the vector of the base view in the list when the vector of the base view is set not to be used as a candidate for the prediction vector of the dependent view according to the control information set by the control information setting unit. 4. The image processing device according to claim 3,
wherein, when a current vector of the current block is a motion vector, the value setting unit sets a representative value of the motion vector instead of the candidate including the vector of the base view in the list. 5. The image processing device according to claim 3,
wherein, when a current vector of the current block is a parallax vector, the value setting unit sets a representative value of the parallax vector instead of the candidate including the vector of the base view in the list. 6. The image processing device according to claim 3,
wherein the transmission unit further transmits the predetermined value set by the value setting unit. 7. The image processing device according to claim 1,
wherein the control information setting unit sets the control information for every predetermined data unit, and wherein the transmission unit transmits the control information in information corresponding to the predetermined data unit. 8. The image processing device according to claim 7,
wherein the control information setting unit sets the control information for every sequence or every slice, and wherein the transmission unit transmits the control information in a sequence parameter set or a slice header. 9. The image processing device according to claim 1,
wherein the control information setting unit sets the control information for each of a plurality of levels of hierarchized data units, and wherein the transmission unit transmits the control information in information corresponding to the respective hierarchical levels for which the control information has been set. 10. The image processing device according to claim 9,
wherein the control information setting unit sets the control information for every sequence and every slice, and wherein the transmission unit transmits the control information in a sequence parameter set and a slice header. 11. An image processing method in an information processing method of an information processing device, the image processing method comprising:
setting, by the information processing device, control information for controlling whether or not to use a vector of a base view as a candidate for a prediction vector of a dependent view in motion prediction at a time of encoding a multi-view image; performing, by the information processing device, inter-view motion prediction (IVMP) processing for setting the vector of the base view as a candidate for a prediction vector of a current block of the dependent view when the vector of the base view is set to be used as a candidate for the prediction vector of the dependent view according to the set control information; generating, by the information processing device, a list of candidates for the prediction vector of the current block, and when there is a candidate including the vector of the base view, adding the candidate to the list; and transmitting, by the information processing device, the set control information. 12. An image processing device comprising:
a control information acquisition unit configured to acquire control information for controlling whether or not to use a vector of a base view as a candidate for a prediction vector of a dependent view in motion prediction at a time of decoding a multi-view image; an inter-view motion prediction (IVMP) processing unit configured to perform IVMP processing for setting the vector of the base view as a candidate for a prediction vector of a current block of the dependent view when the vector of the base view is set to be used as a candidate for the prediction vector of the dependent view according to the control information acquired by the control information acquisition unit; and a list generation unit configured to generate a list of candidates for the prediction vector of the current block, and when there is a candidate generated by the IVMP processing unit and including the vector of the base view, add the candidate to the list. 13. The image processing device according to claim 12, further comprising:
an unavailablity setting unit configured to set the vector of the base view to be unavailable as the prediction vector of the dependent view when the vector of the base view is set not to be used as a candidate for the prediction vector of the dependent view according to the control information acquired by the control information acquisition unit. 14. The image processing device according to claim 12, further comprising:
a value setting unit configured to set a predetermined value instead of the candidate including the vector of the base view in the list when the vector of the base view is set not to be used as a candidate for the prediction vector of the dependent view according to the control information acquired by the control information acquisition unit. 15. The image processing device according to claim 14,
wherein, when a current vector of the current block is a motion vector, the value setting unit sets a representative value of the motion vector instead of the candidate including the vector of the base view in the list. 16. The image processing device according to claim 14,
wherein, when a current vector of the current block is a parallax vector, the value setting unit sets a representative value of the parallax vector instead of the candidate including the vector of the base view in the list. 17. The image processing device according to claim 14,
wherein the control information acquisition unit further acquires the predetermined value, and wherein the value setting unit sets the predetermined value acquired by the control information acquisition unit in the list. 18. The image processing device according to claim 12,
wherein the control information acquisition unit acquires the control information set for every predetermined data unit and transmitted in information corresponding the data unit. 19. The image processing device according to claim 12,
wherein the control information acquisition unit acquires the control information set for each of a plurality of levels of hierarchized data units and transmitted in information corresponding to the respective hierarchical levels for which the control information has been set. 20. An image processing method of an image processing device, the image processing method comprising:
acquiring, by the image processing device, control information for controlling whether or not to use a vector of a base view as a candidate for a prediction vector of a dependent view in motion prediction at a time of decoding a multi-view image; performing, by the image processing device, inter-view motion prediction (IVMP) processing for setting the vector of the base view as a candidate for a prediction vector of a current block of the dependent view when the vector of the base view is set to be used as a candidate for the prediction vector of the dependent view according to the acquired control information; and generating, by the image processing device, a list of candidates for the prediction vector of the current block, and when there is a candidate including the vector of the base view, adding the candidate to the list. | Provided is an image processing device including a control information setting unit that sets control information for controlling whether to use a vector of a base view as a candidate for a prediction vector of a dependent view in motion prediction at a time of encoding a multi-view image, an IVMP processing unit that performs, when the vector view is set as a candidate according to the control information, IVMP processing for setting the vector as a candidate for a prediction vector of a current block of the dependent view, a list generation unit that generates a list of candidates for the prediction vector of the current block, and when there is a candidate generated by the IVMP processing unit and including the vector of the base view, add the candidate to the list, and a transmission unit that transmits the control information.1. An image processing device comprising:
a control information setting unit configured to set control information for controlling whether or not to use a vector of a base view as a candidate for a prediction vector of a dependent view in motion prediction at a time of encoding a multi-view image; an inter-view motion prediction (IVMP) processing unit configured to perform IVMP processing for setting the vector of the base view as a candidate for a prediction vector of a current block of the dependent view when the vector of the base view is set to be used as a candidate for the prediction vector of the dependent view according to the control information set by the control information setting unit; a list generation unit configured to generate a list of candidates for the prediction vector of the current block, and when there is a candidate generated by the IVMP processing unit and including the vector of the base view, add the candidate to the list; and a transmission unit configured to transmit the control information set by the control information setting unit. 2. The image processing device according to claim 1, further comprising:
an unavailability setting unit configured to set the vector of the base view to be not available as the prediction vector of the dependent view when the vector of the base view is set not to be used as a candidate for the prediction vector of the dependent view according to the control information set by the control information setting unit. 3. The image processing device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a value setting unit configured to set a predetermined value instead of the candidate including the vector of the base view in the list when the vector of the base view is set not to be used as a candidate for the prediction vector of the dependent view according to the control information set by the control information setting unit. 4. The image processing device according to claim 3,
wherein, when a current vector of the current block is a motion vector, the value setting unit sets a representative value of the motion vector instead of the candidate including the vector of the base view in the list. 5. The image processing device according to claim 3,
wherein, when a current vector of the current block is a parallax vector, the value setting unit sets a representative value of the parallax vector instead of the candidate including the vector of the base view in the list. 6. The image processing device according to claim 3,
wherein the transmission unit further transmits the predetermined value set by the value setting unit. 7. The image processing device according to claim 1,
wherein the control information setting unit sets the control information for every predetermined data unit, and wherein the transmission unit transmits the control information in information corresponding to the predetermined data unit. 8. The image processing device according to claim 7,
wherein the control information setting unit sets the control information for every sequence or every slice, and wherein the transmission unit transmits the control information in a sequence parameter set or a slice header. 9. The image processing device according to claim 1,
wherein the control information setting unit sets the control information for each of a plurality of levels of hierarchized data units, and wherein the transmission unit transmits the control information in information corresponding to the respective hierarchical levels for which the control information has been set. 10. The image processing device according to claim 9,
wherein the control information setting unit sets the control information for every sequence and every slice, and wherein the transmission unit transmits the control information in a sequence parameter set and a slice header. 11. An image processing method in an information processing method of an information processing device, the image processing method comprising:
setting, by the information processing device, control information for controlling whether or not to use a vector of a base view as a candidate for a prediction vector of a dependent view in motion prediction at a time of encoding a multi-view image; performing, by the information processing device, inter-view motion prediction (IVMP) processing for setting the vector of the base view as a candidate for a prediction vector of a current block of the dependent view when the vector of the base view is set to be used as a candidate for the prediction vector of the dependent view according to the set control information; generating, by the information processing device, a list of candidates for the prediction vector of the current block, and when there is a candidate including the vector of the base view, adding the candidate to the list; and transmitting, by the information processing device, the set control information. 12. An image processing device comprising:
a control information acquisition unit configured to acquire control information for controlling whether or not to use a vector of a base view as a candidate for a prediction vector of a dependent view in motion prediction at a time of decoding a multi-view image; an inter-view motion prediction (IVMP) processing unit configured to perform IVMP processing for setting the vector of the base view as a candidate for a prediction vector of a current block of the dependent view when the vector of the base view is set to be used as a candidate for the prediction vector of the dependent view according to the control information acquired by the control information acquisition unit; and a list generation unit configured to generate a list of candidates for the prediction vector of the current block, and when there is a candidate generated by the IVMP processing unit and including the vector of the base view, add the candidate to the list. 13. The image processing device according to claim 12, further comprising:
an unavailablity setting unit configured to set the vector of the base view to be unavailable as the prediction vector of the dependent view when the vector of the base view is set not to be used as a candidate for the prediction vector of the dependent view according to the control information acquired by the control information acquisition unit. 14. The image processing device according to claim 12, further comprising:
a value setting unit configured to set a predetermined value instead of the candidate including the vector of the base view in the list when the vector of the base view is set not to be used as a candidate for the prediction vector of the dependent view according to the control information acquired by the control information acquisition unit. 15. The image processing device according to claim 14,
wherein, when a current vector of the current block is a motion vector, the value setting unit sets a representative value of the motion vector instead of the candidate including the vector of the base view in the list. 16. The image processing device according to claim 14,
wherein, when a current vector of the current block is a parallax vector, the value setting unit sets a representative value of the parallax vector instead of the candidate including the vector of the base view in the list. 17. The image processing device according to claim 14,
wherein the control information acquisition unit further acquires the predetermined value, and wherein the value setting unit sets the predetermined value acquired by the control information acquisition unit in the list. 18. The image processing device according to claim 12,
wherein the control information acquisition unit acquires the control information set for every predetermined data unit and transmitted in information corresponding the data unit. 19. The image processing device according to claim 12,
wherein the control information acquisition unit acquires the control information set for each of a plurality of levels of hierarchized data units and transmitted in information corresponding to the respective hierarchical levels for which the control information has been set. 20. An image processing method of an image processing device, the image processing method comprising:
acquiring, by the image processing device, control information for controlling whether or not to use a vector of a base view as a candidate for a prediction vector of a dependent view in motion prediction at a time of decoding a multi-view image; performing, by the image processing device, inter-view motion prediction (IVMP) processing for setting the vector of the base view as a candidate for a prediction vector of a current block of the dependent view when the vector of the base view is set to be used as a candidate for the prediction vector of the dependent view according to the acquired control information; and generating, by the image processing device, a list of candidates for the prediction vector of the current block, and when there is a candidate including the vector of the base view, adding the candidate to the list. | 2,800 |
349,692 | 350,566 | 16,854,282 | 2,838 | An example memory sub-system includes a memory device and a processing device, operatively coupled to the memory device. The processing device is configured to receive a read command specifying an identifier of a logical block and a page number; translate the identifier of the logical block into a physical address of a physical block stored on the memory device, wherein the physical address comprises an identifier of a memory device die; identify, based on block family metadata associated with the memory device, a block family associated with the physical block and the page number; determine a threshold voltage offset associated with the block family and the memory device die; compute a modified threshold voltage by applying the threshold voltage offset to a base read level voltage associated with the memory device die; and read, using the modified threshold voltage, data from a physical page identified by the page number within the physical block. | 1. A system comprising:
a memory device; and a processing device, operatively coupled to the memory device, the processing device to:
receive a read command specifying an identifier of a logical block and a page number;
translate the identifier of the logical block into a physical address of a physical block stored on the memory device, wherein the physical address comprises an identifier of a memory device die;
identify, based on block family metadata associated with the memory device, a block family associated with the physical block and the page number;
determine a threshold voltage offset associated with the block family and the memory device die;
compute a modified threshold voltage by applying the threshold voltage offset to a base read level voltage associated with the memory device die; and
read, using the modified threshold voltage, data from a physical page identified by the page number within the physical block. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the block family comprises a plurality of blocks that have been programmed within at least one of: a specified time window or a specified temperature window. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the block family metadata comprises a first table including a plurality of records, wherein a record of the plurality of records associates at least a subset of pages of the physical block with the block family. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the record further references a linked list of partition groups associated with the physical block, and wherein each partition group includes at least a predetermined number of partition records. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein each partition record specifies an ending page of a partition of the physical block and a block family associated with the partition. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the block family metadata comprises a second table including a plurality of records, wherein a record of the plurality of records associates a plurality of dies of the block family with respective threshold voltage offset bins. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the block family metadata comprises a third table including a plurality of records, wherein a record of the plurality of records associates a threshold voltage offset bin with one or more threshold voltages to be applied to respective base voltage read levels for performing read operations. 8. A method, comprising:
receiving, by a processing device, a read command specifying an identifier of a logical block and a page number; translating the identifier of the logical block into a physical address of a physical block stored on a memory device, wherein the physical address comprises an identifier of a memory device die; identifying, based on block family metadata associated with the memory device, a block family associated with the physical block and the page number; determining a threshold voltage offset associated with the block family and the memory device die; computing a modified threshold voltage by applying the threshold voltage offset to a base read level voltage associated with the memory device die; and reading, using the modified threshold voltage, data from a physical page identified by the page number within the physical block. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the block family comprises a plurality of blocks that have been programmed within at least one of: a specified time window or a specified temperature window. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the block family metadata comprises a first table including a plurality of records, wherein a record of the plurality of records associates at least a subset of pages of the physical block with the block family. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the record further references a linked list of partition groups associated with the physical block, and wherein each partition group includes at least a predetermined number of partition records. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein each partition record specifies an ending page of a partition of the physical block and a block family associated with the partition. 13. The method of claim 8, wherein the block family metadata comprises a second table including a plurality of records, wherein a record of the plurality of records associates a plurality of dies of the block family with respective threshold voltage offset bins. 14. The method of claim 8, wherein the block family metadata comprises a third table including a plurality of records, wherein a record of the plurality of records associates a threshold voltage offset bin with one or more threshold voltages to be applied to respective base voltage read levels for performing read operations. 15. A method, comprising:
performing, by a processing device, a write operation to write a data page to a physical block of a physical memory device; determining that the data page is associated with a new block family; responsive to determining, that no new partitions are available within a current partition group associated with a current cursor, creating a new partition group associated with the current cursor; setting a first partition of the new partition group as a current partition; setting a block family index of the current partition to reference the new block family; and setting and ending page offset of the current partition to reference the data page. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the new block family comprises a plurality of blocks that have been programmed within at least one of: a specified time window or a specified temperature window. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
identifying, based on block family metadata associated with the memory device, a block family associated with the physical block and the data page; determining a threshold voltage offset associated with the block family; computing a modified threshold voltage by applying the threshold voltage offset to a base read level voltage associated with the memory device; and reading, using the modified threshold voltage, the data page. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the block family metadata comprises a table including a plurality of records, wherein a record of the plurality of records associates a plurality of dies of the block family with respective threshold voltage offset bins. 19. The method of claim 15, wherein determining that the data page is associated with the new block family is performed based on at least one of: a time period that has elapsed since programming a previous page of the current cursor or a temperature of the memory device shifting outside of a temperature window associated with a current block family of the current cursor. 20. The method of claim 15, wherein creating the new partition group further comprises:
updating a next group pointer of a current partition group to reference the new partition group. | An example memory sub-system includes a memory device and a processing device, operatively coupled to the memory device. The processing device is configured to receive a read command specifying an identifier of a logical block and a page number; translate the identifier of the logical block into a physical address of a physical block stored on the memory device, wherein the physical address comprises an identifier of a memory device die; identify, based on block family metadata associated with the memory device, a block family associated with the physical block and the page number; determine a threshold voltage offset associated with the block family and the memory device die; compute a modified threshold voltage by applying the threshold voltage offset to a base read level voltage associated with the memory device die; and read, using the modified threshold voltage, data from a physical page identified by the page number within the physical block.1. A system comprising:
a memory device; and a processing device, operatively coupled to the memory device, the processing device to:
receive a read command specifying an identifier of a logical block and a page number;
translate the identifier of the logical block into a physical address of a physical block stored on the memory device, wherein the physical address comprises an identifier of a memory device die;
identify, based on block family metadata associated with the memory device, a block family associated with the physical block and the page number;
determine a threshold voltage offset associated with the block family and the memory device die;
compute a modified threshold voltage by applying the threshold voltage offset to a base read level voltage associated with the memory device die; and
read, using the modified threshold voltage, data from a physical page identified by the page number within the physical block. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the block family comprises a plurality of blocks that have been programmed within at least one of: a specified time window or a specified temperature window. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the block family metadata comprises a first table including a plurality of records, wherein a record of the plurality of records associates at least a subset of pages of the physical block with the block family. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the record further references a linked list of partition groups associated with the physical block, and wherein each partition group includes at least a predetermined number of partition records. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein each partition record specifies an ending page of a partition of the physical block and a block family associated with the partition. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the block family metadata comprises a second table including a plurality of records, wherein a record of the plurality of records associates a plurality of dies of the block family with respective threshold voltage offset bins. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the block family metadata comprises a third table including a plurality of records, wherein a record of the plurality of records associates a threshold voltage offset bin with one or more threshold voltages to be applied to respective base voltage read levels for performing read operations. 8. A method, comprising:
receiving, by a processing device, a read command specifying an identifier of a logical block and a page number; translating the identifier of the logical block into a physical address of a physical block stored on a memory device, wherein the physical address comprises an identifier of a memory device die; identifying, based on block family metadata associated with the memory device, a block family associated with the physical block and the page number; determining a threshold voltage offset associated with the block family and the memory device die; computing a modified threshold voltage by applying the threshold voltage offset to a base read level voltage associated with the memory device die; and reading, using the modified threshold voltage, data from a physical page identified by the page number within the physical block. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the block family comprises a plurality of blocks that have been programmed within at least one of: a specified time window or a specified temperature window. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the block family metadata comprises a first table including a plurality of records, wherein a record of the plurality of records associates at least a subset of pages of the physical block with the block family. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the record further references a linked list of partition groups associated with the physical block, and wherein each partition group includes at least a predetermined number of partition records. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein each partition record specifies an ending page of a partition of the physical block and a block family associated with the partition. 13. The method of claim 8, wherein the block family metadata comprises a second table including a plurality of records, wherein a record of the plurality of records associates a plurality of dies of the block family with respective threshold voltage offset bins. 14. The method of claim 8, wherein the block family metadata comprises a third table including a plurality of records, wherein a record of the plurality of records associates a threshold voltage offset bin with one or more threshold voltages to be applied to respective base voltage read levels for performing read operations. 15. A method, comprising:
performing, by a processing device, a write operation to write a data page to a physical block of a physical memory device; determining that the data page is associated with a new block family; responsive to determining, that no new partitions are available within a current partition group associated with a current cursor, creating a new partition group associated with the current cursor; setting a first partition of the new partition group as a current partition; setting a block family index of the current partition to reference the new block family; and setting and ending page offset of the current partition to reference the data page. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the new block family comprises a plurality of blocks that have been programmed within at least one of: a specified time window or a specified temperature window. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
identifying, based on block family metadata associated with the memory device, a block family associated with the physical block and the data page; determining a threshold voltage offset associated with the block family; computing a modified threshold voltage by applying the threshold voltage offset to a base read level voltage associated with the memory device; and reading, using the modified threshold voltage, the data page. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the block family metadata comprises a table including a plurality of records, wherein a record of the plurality of records associates a plurality of dies of the block family with respective threshold voltage offset bins. 19. The method of claim 15, wherein determining that the data page is associated with the new block family is performed based on at least one of: a time period that has elapsed since programming a previous page of the current cursor or a temperature of the memory device shifting outside of a temperature window associated with a current block family of the current cursor. 20. The method of claim 15, wherein creating the new partition group further comprises:
updating a next group pointer of a current partition group to reference the new partition group. | 2,800 |
349,693 | 350,567 | 16,854,259 | 2,838 | A wheelchair occupant restraint device includes: a wheelchair retractor which is disposed in a vehicle cabin, and around which one end portion of a wheelchair belt member is wound; a wheelchair buckle which is disposed on the opposite side of a securing space for a wheelchair from the wheelchair retractor, and on which a wheelchair tongue plate attached to the other end portion of the wheelchair belt member is able to be mounted; an occupant retractor which is disposed on the opposite side of the securing space from the wheelchair retractor, and around which one end portion of an occupant belt member is wound; and an occupant buckle which is disposed on the opposite side of the securing space from the occupant retractor, and on which an occupant tongue plate attached to the other end portion of the occupant belt member is able to be mounted. | 1. A wheelchair occupant restraint device comprising:
a wheelchair retractor which is disposed in a vehicle cabin, and around which one end portion of a wheelchair belt member is wound so as to be pulled out; a wheelchair buckle which is disposed on the opposite side of a securing space for a wheelchair from the wheelchair retractor, and on which a wheelchair tongue plate attached to the other end portion of the wheelchair belt member is able to be mounted; an occupant retractor which is disposed on the opposite side of the securing space from the wheelchair retractor, and around which one end portion of an occupant belt member is wound so as to be pulled out; and an occupant buckle which is disposed on the opposite side of the securing space from the occupant retractor, and on which an occupant tongue plate attached to the other end portion of the occupant belt member is able to be mounted. 2. The wheelchair occupant restraint device according to claim 1, wherein the occupant retractor and the wheelchair buckle are disposed at different heights in a vehicle up-down direction. 3. The wheelchair occupant restraint device according to claim 1, wherein the occupant retractor and the wheelchair buckle are disposed at different positions with respect to the securing space. 4. The wheelchair occupant restraint device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a buckle sensor configured to detect that the wheelchair tongue plate is mounted on the wheelchair buckle; and a locking mechanism configured to lock and unlock pulling-out of the occupant belt member from the occupant retractor, wherein, in a case where the buckle sensor detects that the wheelchair tongue plate is mounted on the wheelchair buckle, the occupant belt member is able to be pulled out by the locking mechanism. 5. The wheelchair occupant restraint device according to claim 4, wherein the locking mechanism is configured to electrically switch between locking and unlocking of the occupant belt member. 6. The wheelchair occupant restraint device of claim 5, further comprising an acceleration sensor configured to electrically detect an acceleration acting on a vehicle,
wherein the occupant retractor is configured to lock the pulling-out of the occupant belt member in at least one of a case where the acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor is equal to or more than a predetermined value, and a case where an angle of the vehicle with respect to a horizontal is equal to or more than a predetermined value. 7. The wheelchair occupant restraint device according to claim 1, wherein the wheelchair retractor and the occupant retractor are disposed on a standing member standing in the vehicle cabin at a height within reaching distance of a hand of an occupant seated in the wheelchair. | A wheelchair occupant restraint device includes: a wheelchair retractor which is disposed in a vehicle cabin, and around which one end portion of a wheelchair belt member is wound; a wheelchair buckle which is disposed on the opposite side of a securing space for a wheelchair from the wheelchair retractor, and on which a wheelchair tongue plate attached to the other end portion of the wheelchair belt member is able to be mounted; an occupant retractor which is disposed on the opposite side of the securing space from the wheelchair retractor, and around which one end portion of an occupant belt member is wound; and an occupant buckle which is disposed on the opposite side of the securing space from the occupant retractor, and on which an occupant tongue plate attached to the other end portion of the occupant belt member is able to be mounted.1. A wheelchair occupant restraint device comprising:
a wheelchair retractor which is disposed in a vehicle cabin, and around which one end portion of a wheelchair belt member is wound so as to be pulled out; a wheelchair buckle which is disposed on the opposite side of a securing space for a wheelchair from the wheelchair retractor, and on which a wheelchair tongue plate attached to the other end portion of the wheelchair belt member is able to be mounted; an occupant retractor which is disposed on the opposite side of the securing space from the wheelchair retractor, and around which one end portion of an occupant belt member is wound so as to be pulled out; and an occupant buckle which is disposed on the opposite side of the securing space from the occupant retractor, and on which an occupant tongue plate attached to the other end portion of the occupant belt member is able to be mounted. 2. The wheelchair occupant restraint device according to claim 1, wherein the occupant retractor and the wheelchair buckle are disposed at different heights in a vehicle up-down direction. 3. The wheelchair occupant restraint device according to claim 1, wherein the occupant retractor and the wheelchair buckle are disposed at different positions with respect to the securing space. 4. The wheelchair occupant restraint device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a buckle sensor configured to detect that the wheelchair tongue plate is mounted on the wheelchair buckle; and a locking mechanism configured to lock and unlock pulling-out of the occupant belt member from the occupant retractor, wherein, in a case where the buckle sensor detects that the wheelchair tongue plate is mounted on the wheelchair buckle, the occupant belt member is able to be pulled out by the locking mechanism. 5. The wheelchair occupant restraint device according to claim 4, wherein the locking mechanism is configured to electrically switch between locking and unlocking of the occupant belt member. 6. The wheelchair occupant restraint device of claim 5, further comprising an acceleration sensor configured to electrically detect an acceleration acting on a vehicle,
wherein the occupant retractor is configured to lock the pulling-out of the occupant belt member in at least one of a case where the acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor is equal to or more than a predetermined value, and a case where an angle of the vehicle with respect to a horizontal is equal to or more than a predetermined value. 7. The wheelchair occupant restraint device according to claim 1, wherein the wheelchair retractor and the occupant retractor are disposed on a standing member standing in the vehicle cabin at a height within reaching distance of a hand of an occupant seated in the wheelchair. | 2,800 |
349,694 | 350,568 | 16,854,285 | 2,838 | A decompression apparatus is provided. The decompression apparatus includes a memory configured to store compressed data decompressed and used in neural network processing of an artificial intelligence model, a decoder configured to include a plurality of logic circuits related to a compression method of the compressed data, decompress the compressed data through the plurality of logic circuits based on an input of the compressed data, and output the decompressed data, and a processor configured to obtain data of a neural network processible form from the data output from the decoder. | 1. A decompression apparatus comprising:
a memory configured to store compressed data, the compressed data to be decompressed and used in neural network processing of an artificial intelligence model; a decoder comprising a plurality of logic circuits related to a compression method of the compressed data, the decoder being configured to:
decompress the compressed data through the plurality of logic circuits based on an input of the compressed data, and
output the decompressed data; and
a processor configured to obtain data of a neural network processible form from the decompressed data output from the decoder, wherein the obtaining of the data of the neural network processible form comprises obtaining the data of the neural network processible form based on a representative value matrix corresponding to the compressed data. 2. The decompression apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the memory is further configured to store the representative value matrix, wherein the processor is further configured to:
obtain the data of the neural network processible form based on the decompressed data, and
perform the neural network processing using the data of the neural network processible form, and
wherein the decompressed data and the representative value matrix comprise matrices obtained by quantizing an original matrix included in the artificial intelligence model. 3. The decompression apparatus of claim 2,
wherein the memory is further configured to store a pruning index matrix corresponding to the compressed data, wherein the processor is further configured to update the decompressed data based on the pruning index matrix, wherein the pruning index matrix comprises a matrix obtained in a pruning process of the original matrix, and wherein the pruning index matrix is used in a process of obtaining the compressed data. 4. The decompression apparatus of claim 3,
wherein the memory is configured to further store a patch information corresponding to the compressed data, wherein the processor is further configured to change some binary data values of a plurality of elements included in the decompressed data based on the patch information, and wherein the patch information comprises error information generated in the process of obtaining the compressed data. 5. The decompression apparatus of claim 2,
wherein the memory is further configured to:
store a first pruning index matrix corresponding to the compressed data, and
store a second pruning index matrix corresponding to the compressed data,
wherein the processor is further configured to:
obtain a pruning index matrix based on the first pruning index matrix and the second pruning index matrix, and
update the decompressed data based on the pruning index matrix,
wherein the pruning index matrix comprises a matrix obtained in a pruning process of the original matrix, wherein the pruning index matrix is used in a process of obtaining the compressed data, and wherein the first pruning index matrix and the second pruning index matrix are obtained based on each of a first sub-matrix and a second sub-matrix obtained by factorizing the original matrix. 6. The decompression apparatus of claim 2,
wherein the decompressed data comprises a matrix obtained by interleaving the original matrix and then quantizing the interleaved matrix, and wherein the processor is further configured to:
de-interleave the data of the neural network processible form according to a manner corresponding to the interleaving, and
perform the neural network processing using the de-interleaved data. 7. The decompression apparatus of claim 2,
wherein the processor comprises a plurality of processing elements arranged in a matrix form, and wherein the processor is further configured to perform the neural network processing using the plurality of processing elements. 8. The decompression apparatus of claim 2, wherein the decompressed data comprises a matrix obtained by dividing the original matrix into a plurality of matrices having a same number of columns and rows and quantizing one of the divided plurality of matrices. 9. The decompression apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the memory is further configured to store other compressed data, the other compressed data to be decompressed and used in the neural network processing of the artificial intelligence model, wherein the decompression apparatus further comprises another decoder configured to:
include a plurality of other logic circuits related to a compression method of the other compressed data,
decompress the other compressed data through the plurality of other logic circuits based on an input of the other compressed data, and
output the decompressed other data, and
wherein the processor is further configured to:
obtain other data of a neural network processible form from the decompressed other data output from the other decoder, and
obtain a matrix in which each element includes a plurality of binary data by coupling the neural network processible data and the other data of the neural network processible form. 10. The decompression apparatus of claim 1, wherein the decompression apparatus is implemented as one chip. 11. A control method of a decompression apparatus comprising a plurality of logic circuits related to a compression method of compressed data, the control method comprising:
receiving, by the plurality of logic circuits, the compressed data, the compressed data to be decompressed and used in neural network processing of an artificial intelligence model; decompressing, by the plurality of logic circuits, the compressed data; outputting the decompressed data; and obtaining data of a neural network processible form from the data output from the plurality of logic circuits, wherein the obtaining of the data of the neural network processible form comprises obtaining the data of the neural network processible form based on a representative value matrix corresponding to the compressed data. 12. The control method of claim 11, further comprising:
obtaining the data of the neural network processible form based on the decompressed data; and performing the neural network processing using the data of the neural network processible form, wherein the decompressed data and the representative value matrix comprise matrices obtained by quantizing an original matrix included in the artificial intelligence model. 13. The control method of claim 12, further comprising:
updating the decompressed data based on a pruning index matrix corresponding to the compressed data, wherein the pruning index matrix comprises a matrix obtained in a pruning process of the original matrix, and wherein the pruning index matrix is used in a process of obtaining the compressed data. 14. The control method of claim 13, further comprising:
changing some binary data values of a plurality of elements included in the decompressed data based on patch information corresponding to the compressed data, wherein the patch information comprises error information generated in the process of obtaining the compressed data. 15. The control method of claim 12, further comprising:
obtaining a pruning index matrix based on a first pruning index matrix corresponding to the compressed data and a second pruning index matrix corresponding to the compressed data; and updating the decompressed data based on the pruning index matrix, wherein the pruning index matrix comprises a matrix obtained in a pruning process of the original matrix, wherein the pruning index matrix is used in a process of obtaining the compressed data, and wherein the first pruning index matrix and the second pruning index matrix are obtained based on each of a first sub-matrix and a second sub-matrix obtained by factorizing the original matrix. 16. The control method of claim 12,
wherein the decompressed data comprises a matrix obtained by interleaving the original matrix and then quantizing the interleaved matrix, wherein the control method further comprises de-interleaving the data of the neural network processible form according to a manner corresponding to the interleaving, and wherein, in the performing of the neural network processing, the neural network processing is performed using the de-interleaved data. 17. The control method of claim 12, wherein, in the performing of the neural network processing, the neural network processing is performed using a plurality of processing elements arranged in a matrix form. 18. The control method of claim 12, wherein the decompressed data comprises a matrix obtained by dividing the original matrix into a plurality of matrices having a same number of columns and rows and quantizing one of the divided plurality of matrices. 19. The decompression apparatus of claim 2, wherein the original matrix comprises a matrix obtained after a learning process of the artificial intelligence model is completed. 20. The decompression apparatus of claim 2, wherein the original matrix is in a non-compressed state. | A decompression apparatus is provided. The decompression apparatus includes a memory configured to store compressed data decompressed and used in neural network processing of an artificial intelligence model, a decoder configured to include a plurality of logic circuits related to a compression method of the compressed data, decompress the compressed data through the plurality of logic circuits based on an input of the compressed data, and output the decompressed data, and a processor configured to obtain data of a neural network processible form from the data output from the decoder.1. A decompression apparatus comprising:
a memory configured to store compressed data, the compressed data to be decompressed and used in neural network processing of an artificial intelligence model; a decoder comprising a plurality of logic circuits related to a compression method of the compressed data, the decoder being configured to:
decompress the compressed data through the plurality of logic circuits based on an input of the compressed data, and
output the decompressed data; and
a processor configured to obtain data of a neural network processible form from the decompressed data output from the decoder, wherein the obtaining of the data of the neural network processible form comprises obtaining the data of the neural network processible form based on a representative value matrix corresponding to the compressed data. 2. The decompression apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the memory is further configured to store the representative value matrix, wherein the processor is further configured to:
obtain the data of the neural network processible form based on the decompressed data, and
perform the neural network processing using the data of the neural network processible form, and
wherein the decompressed data and the representative value matrix comprise matrices obtained by quantizing an original matrix included in the artificial intelligence model. 3. The decompression apparatus of claim 2,
wherein the memory is further configured to store a pruning index matrix corresponding to the compressed data, wherein the processor is further configured to update the decompressed data based on the pruning index matrix, wherein the pruning index matrix comprises a matrix obtained in a pruning process of the original matrix, and wherein the pruning index matrix is used in a process of obtaining the compressed data. 4. The decompression apparatus of claim 3,
wherein the memory is configured to further store a patch information corresponding to the compressed data, wherein the processor is further configured to change some binary data values of a plurality of elements included in the decompressed data based on the patch information, and wherein the patch information comprises error information generated in the process of obtaining the compressed data. 5. The decompression apparatus of claim 2,
wherein the memory is further configured to:
store a first pruning index matrix corresponding to the compressed data, and
store a second pruning index matrix corresponding to the compressed data,
wherein the processor is further configured to:
obtain a pruning index matrix based on the first pruning index matrix and the second pruning index matrix, and
update the decompressed data based on the pruning index matrix,
wherein the pruning index matrix comprises a matrix obtained in a pruning process of the original matrix, wherein the pruning index matrix is used in a process of obtaining the compressed data, and wherein the first pruning index matrix and the second pruning index matrix are obtained based on each of a first sub-matrix and a second sub-matrix obtained by factorizing the original matrix. 6. The decompression apparatus of claim 2,
wherein the decompressed data comprises a matrix obtained by interleaving the original matrix and then quantizing the interleaved matrix, and wherein the processor is further configured to:
de-interleave the data of the neural network processible form according to a manner corresponding to the interleaving, and
perform the neural network processing using the de-interleaved data. 7. The decompression apparatus of claim 2,
wherein the processor comprises a plurality of processing elements arranged in a matrix form, and wherein the processor is further configured to perform the neural network processing using the plurality of processing elements. 8. The decompression apparatus of claim 2, wherein the decompressed data comprises a matrix obtained by dividing the original matrix into a plurality of matrices having a same number of columns and rows and quantizing one of the divided plurality of matrices. 9. The decompression apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the memory is further configured to store other compressed data, the other compressed data to be decompressed and used in the neural network processing of the artificial intelligence model, wherein the decompression apparatus further comprises another decoder configured to:
include a plurality of other logic circuits related to a compression method of the other compressed data,
decompress the other compressed data through the plurality of other logic circuits based on an input of the other compressed data, and
output the decompressed other data, and
wherein the processor is further configured to:
obtain other data of a neural network processible form from the decompressed other data output from the other decoder, and
obtain a matrix in which each element includes a plurality of binary data by coupling the neural network processible data and the other data of the neural network processible form. 10. The decompression apparatus of claim 1, wherein the decompression apparatus is implemented as one chip. 11. A control method of a decompression apparatus comprising a plurality of logic circuits related to a compression method of compressed data, the control method comprising:
receiving, by the plurality of logic circuits, the compressed data, the compressed data to be decompressed and used in neural network processing of an artificial intelligence model; decompressing, by the plurality of logic circuits, the compressed data; outputting the decompressed data; and obtaining data of a neural network processible form from the data output from the plurality of logic circuits, wherein the obtaining of the data of the neural network processible form comprises obtaining the data of the neural network processible form based on a representative value matrix corresponding to the compressed data. 12. The control method of claim 11, further comprising:
obtaining the data of the neural network processible form based on the decompressed data; and performing the neural network processing using the data of the neural network processible form, wherein the decompressed data and the representative value matrix comprise matrices obtained by quantizing an original matrix included in the artificial intelligence model. 13. The control method of claim 12, further comprising:
updating the decompressed data based on a pruning index matrix corresponding to the compressed data, wherein the pruning index matrix comprises a matrix obtained in a pruning process of the original matrix, and wherein the pruning index matrix is used in a process of obtaining the compressed data. 14. The control method of claim 13, further comprising:
changing some binary data values of a plurality of elements included in the decompressed data based on patch information corresponding to the compressed data, wherein the patch information comprises error information generated in the process of obtaining the compressed data. 15. The control method of claim 12, further comprising:
obtaining a pruning index matrix based on a first pruning index matrix corresponding to the compressed data and a second pruning index matrix corresponding to the compressed data; and updating the decompressed data based on the pruning index matrix, wherein the pruning index matrix comprises a matrix obtained in a pruning process of the original matrix, wherein the pruning index matrix is used in a process of obtaining the compressed data, and wherein the first pruning index matrix and the second pruning index matrix are obtained based on each of a first sub-matrix and a second sub-matrix obtained by factorizing the original matrix. 16. The control method of claim 12,
wherein the decompressed data comprises a matrix obtained by interleaving the original matrix and then quantizing the interleaved matrix, wherein the control method further comprises de-interleaving the data of the neural network processible form according to a manner corresponding to the interleaving, and wherein, in the performing of the neural network processing, the neural network processing is performed using the de-interleaved data. 17. The control method of claim 12, wherein, in the performing of the neural network processing, the neural network processing is performed using a plurality of processing elements arranged in a matrix form. 18. The control method of claim 12, wherein the decompressed data comprises a matrix obtained by dividing the original matrix into a plurality of matrices having a same number of columns and rows and quantizing one of the divided plurality of matrices. 19. The decompression apparatus of claim 2, wherein the original matrix comprises a matrix obtained after a learning process of the artificial intelligence model is completed. 20. The decompression apparatus of claim 2, wherein the original matrix is in a non-compressed state. | 2,800 |
349,695 | 350,569 | 16,854,283 | 2,838 | A method used in forming an array of elevationally-extending strings of memory cells comprises forming a stack comprising vertically-alternating insulative tiers and wordline tiers. The stack comprises an etch-stop tier between a first tier and a second tier of the stack. The etch-stop tier is of different composition from those of the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers. Etching is conducted into the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers that are above the etch-stop tier to the etch-stop tier to form channel openings that have individual bases comprising the etch-stop tier. The etch-stop tier is penetrated through to extend individual of the channel openings there-through. After extending the individual channel openings through the etch-stop tier, etching is conducted into and through the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers that are below the etch-stop tier to extend the individual channel openings deeper into the stack below the etch-stop tier. Transistor channel material is formed in the individual channel openings elevationally along the etch-stop tier and along the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers that are above and below the etch-stop tier. Arrays independent of method are disclosed. | 1-22. (canceled) 23. A method used in forming an array of elevationally-extending strings of memory cells, comprising:
forming a stack comprising vertically-alternating insulative tiers and wordline tiers, the stack comprising an etch-stop tier between a first tier and a second tier of the stack, the etch-stop tier being of different composition from those of the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers; etching into the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers that are above the etch-stop tier to the etch-stop tier to form channel openings that have individual bases comprising the etch-stop tier; penetrating through the etch-stop tier to extend individual of the channel openings there-through; after extending the individual channel openings through the etch-stop tier, etching into and through the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers that are below the etch-stop tier to extend the individual channel openings deeper into the stack below the etch-stop tier; and forming transistor channel material in the individual channel openings elevationally along the etch-stop tier and along the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers that are above and below the etch-stop tier; providing the wordline tiers to comprise control-gate material having terminal ends corresponding to control-gate regions of individual memory cells, charge-storage material between the transistor channel material and the control-gate regions, insulative charge-passage material between the transistor channel material and the charge-storage material, and a charge-blocking region between the charge-storage material and individual of the control-gate regions; providing the control-gate material after forming the transistor channel material; and the etch-stop tier is one of the wordline tiers, and further comprising replacing the etch-stop tier with the control-gate material after forming the transistor channel material 24-25. (canceled) 26. A method used in forming an array of elevationally-extending strings of memory cells, comprising:
forming upper and lower stacks individually comprising vertically-alternating insulative tiers and wordline tiers; forming lower channel openings in the lower stack; forming upper channel openings into the upper stack to individual of the lower channel openings to form interconnected channel openings individually comprising one of individual of the lower channel openings and one of individual of the upper channel openings; at least one of the upper and lower stacks comprising an intra-stack etch-stop tier between a top tier and a bottom tier of the respective upper or lower stack, the intra-stack etch-stop tier being of different composition from those of the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers of the respective upper or lower stack; the forming of at least one of all of the lower channel openings and all of the upper channel openings comprising:
etching into the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers that are above the intra-stack etch-stop tier to the intra-stack etch-stop tier to form the respective lower channel openings or the upper channel openings to have individual bases comprising the intra-stack etch-stop tier;
penetrating through the intra-stack etch-stop tier to extend individual of the respective lower channel openings or the upper channel openings there-through; and
after extending the individual channel openings through the intra-stack etch-stop tier, etching into and through the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers that are below the intra-stack etch-stop tier to extend the respective individual upper or lower channel openings deeper into the respective upper or lower stack below the intra-stack etch-stop tier; and
forming transistor channel material in the individual upper and lower channel openings elevationally along the intra-stack etch-stop tier and along the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers that are above and below the intra-stack etch-stop tier. 27. An array of elevationally-extending strings of memory cells, comprising:
a vertical stack of alternating insulative tiers and wordline tiers, a majority of the insulative tiers comprising silicon dioxide, at least one of the insulative tiers between a top tier and a bottom tier of the stack being of different composition from the majority insulative tiers, the at least one different composition insulative tier comprising an oxide comprising at least one of Mg and Hf, the wordline tiers having terminal ends corresponding to control-gate regions of individual memory cells, the control-gate regions individually comprising part of a wordline in individual of the wordline tiers; a charge-blocking region of the individual memory cells extending elevationally along the individual control-gate regions; charge-storage material of the individual memory cells extending elevationally along individual of the charge-blocking regions; strings of channel material extending elevationally through the wordline tiers, the majority insulative tiers, and the at least one insulative tier comprising the oxide comprising at least one of Mg and Hf; and insulative charge-passage material laterally between the channel material and the charge-storage material. 28. The array of claim 27 wherein the etch-stop tier comprises an oxide comprising at least one of Mg and Hf. 29. The array of claim 28 wherein the oxide comprises Mg. 30. The array of claim 28 wherein the oxide comprises Hf. 31. The array of claim 28 wherein the oxide comprises Mg and Hf. 32. The array of claim 28 wherein the oxide comprises Al. 33. The array of claim 28 wherein the oxide comprises Si. 34. An array of elevationally-extending strings of memory cells, comprising:
a vertical stack of alternating insulative tiers and wordline tiers, a majority of the insulative tiers comprising a first insulative composition, at least one of the insulative tiers between a top tier and a bottom tier of the stack comprising a second insulative composition that is different from the first insulative composition, the wordline tiers having terminal ends corresponding to control-gate regions of individual memory cells, the control-gate regions individually comprising part of a wordline in individual of the wordline tiers; a charge-blocking region of the individual memory cells extending elevationally along the individual control-gate regions; charge-storage material of the individual memory cells extending elevationally along individual of the charge-blocking regions; strings of channel material extending elevationally through the wordline tiers, the insulative tiers comprising the first insulative composition, and the at least one insulative tier comprising the second insulative composition; insulative charge-passage material laterally between the channel material and the charge-storage material; and the at least one insulative tier comprising the second insulative composition having an annular recess projecting radially-outward relative to individual of the strings of the channel material, some of the charge-storage material being within the annular recess. 35. The array of claim 34 wherein the first insulative composition comprises silicon dioxide. 36. The array of claim 34 wherein the second insulative composition comprises an oxide comprising at least one of Mg and Hf. 37. The array of claim 34 wherein the charge-blocking region comprises a charge-blocking material of different composition from that of the charge-storage material, some of the charge-blocking material being within the annular recess radially-outward of the charge-storage material. | A method used in forming an array of elevationally-extending strings of memory cells comprises forming a stack comprising vertically-alternating insulative tiers and wordline tiers. The stack comprises an etch-stop tier between a first tier and a second tier of the stack. The etch-stop tier is of different composition from those of the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers. Etching is conducted into the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers that are above the etch-stop tier to the etch-stop tier to form channel openings that have individual bases comprising the etch-stop tier. The etch-stop tier is penetrated through to extend individual of the channel openings there-through. After extending the individual channel openings through the etch-stop tier, etching is conducted into and through the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers that are below the etch-stop tier to extend the individual channel openings deeper into the stack below the etch-stop tier. Transistor channel material is formed in the individual channel openings elevationally along the etch-stop tier and along the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers that are above and below the etch-stop tier. Arrays independent of method are disclosed.1-22. (canceled) 23. A method used in forming an array of elevationally-extending strings of memory cells, comprising:
forming a stack comprising vertically-alternating insulative tiers and wordline tiers, the stack comprising an etch-stop tier between a first tier and a second tier of the stack, the etch-stop tier being of different composition from those of the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers; etching into the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers that are above the etch-stop tier to the etch-stop tier to form channel openings that have individual bases comprising the etch-stop tier; penetrating through the etch-stop tier to extend individual of the channel openings there-through; after extending the individual channel openings through the etch-stop tier, etching into and through the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers that are below the etch-stop tier to extend the individual channel openings deeper into the stack below the etch-stop tier; and forming transistor channel material in the individual channel openings elevationally along the etch-stop tier and along the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers that are above and below the etch-stop tier; providing the wordline tiers to comprise control-gate material having terminal ends corresponding to control-gate regions of individual memory cells, charge-storage material between the transistor channel material and the control-gate regions, insulative charge-passage material between the transistor channel material and the charge-storage material, and a charge-blocking region between the charge-storage material and individual of the control-gate regions; providing the control-gate material after forming the transistor channel material; and the etch-stop tier is one of the wordline tiers, and further comprising replacing the etch-stop tier with the control-gate material after forming the transistor channel material 24-25. (canceled) 26. A method used in forming an array of elevationally-extending strings of memory cells, comprising:
forming upper and lower stacks individually comprising vertically-alternating insulative tiers and wordline tiers; forming lower channel openings in the lower stack; forming upper channel openings into the upper stack to individual of the lower channel openings to form interconnected channel openings individually comprising one of individual of the lower channel openings and one of individual of the upper channel openings; at least one of the upper and lower stacks comprising an intra-stack etch-stop tier between a top tier and a bottom tier of the respective upper or lower stack, the intra-stack etch-stop tier being of different composition from those of the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers of the respective upper or lower stack; the forming of at least one of all of the lower channel openings and all of the upper channel openings comprising:
etching into the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers that are above the intra-stack etch-stop tier to the intra-stack etch-stop tier to form the respective lower channel openings or the upper channel openings to have individual bases comprising the intra-stack etch-stop tier;
penetrating through the intra-stack etch-stop tier to extend individual of the respective lower channel openings or the upper channel openings there-through; and
after extending the individual channel openings through the intra-stack etch-stop tier, etching into and through the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers that are below the intra-stack etch-stop tier to extend the respective individual upper or lower channel openings deeper into the respective upper or lower stack below the intra-stack etch-stop tier; and
forming transistor channel material in the individual upper and lower channel openings elevationally along the intra-stack etch-stop tier and along the insulative tiers and the wordline tiers that are above and below the intra-stack etch-stop tier. 27. An array of elevationally-extending strings of memory cells, comprising:
a vertical stack of alternating insulative tiers and wordline tiers, a majority of the insulative tiers comprising silicon dioxide, at least one of the insulative tiers between a top tier and a bottom tier of the stack being of different composition from the majority insulative tiers, the at least one different composition insulative tier comprising an oxide comprising at least one of Mg and Hf, the wordline tiers having terminal ends corresponding to control-gate regions of individual memory cells, the control-gate regions individually comprising part of a wordline in individual of the wordline tiers; a charge-blocking region of the individual memory cells extending elevationally along the individual control-gate regions; charge-storage material of the individual memory cells extending elevationally along individual of the charge-blocking regions; strings of channel material extending elevationally through the wordline tiers, the majority insulative tiers, and the at least one insulative tier comprising the oxide comprising at least one of Mg and Hf; and insulative charge-passage material laterally between the channel material and the charge-storage material. 28. The array of claim 27 wherein the etch-stop tier comprises an oxide comprising at least one of Mg and Hf. 29. The array of claim 28 wherein the oxide comprises Mg. 30. The array of claim 28 wherein the oxide comprises Hf. 31. The array of claim 28 wherein the oxide comprises Mg and Hf. 32. The array of claim 28 wherein the oxide comprises Al. 33. The array of claim 28 wherein the oxide comprises Si. 34. An array of elevationally-extending strings of memory cells, comprising:
a vertical stack of alternating insulative tiers and wordline tiers, a majority of the insulative tiers comprising a first insulative composition, at least one of the insulative tiers between a top tier and a bottom tier of the stack comprising a second insulative composition that is different from the first insulative composition, the wordline tiers having terminal ends corresponding to control-gate regions of individual memory cells, the control-gate regions individually comprising part of a wordline in individual of the wordline tiers; a charge-blocking region of the individual memory cells extending elevationally along the individual control-gate regions; charge-storage material of the individual memory cells extending elevationally along individual of the charge-blocking regions; strings of channel material extending elevationally through the wordline tiers, the insulative tiers comprising the first insulative composition, and the at least one insulative tier comprising the second insulative composition; insulative charge-passage material laterally between the channel material and the charge-storage material; and the at least one insulative tier comprising the second insulative composition having an annular recess projecting radially-outward relative to individual of the strings of the channel material, some of the charge-storage material being within the annular recess. 35. The array of claim 34 wherein the first insulative composition comprises silicon dioxide. 36. The array of claim 34 wherein the second insulative composition comprises an oxide comprising at least one of Mg and Hf. 37. The array of claim 34 wherein the charge-blocking region comprises a charge-blocking material of different composition from that of the charge-storage material, some of the charge-blocking material being within the annular recess radially-outward of the charge-storage material. | 2,800 |
349,696 | 350,570 | 16,854,335 | 2,838 | A mixer for synthetic quartz includes a mixing barrel (1), a power transmission system (2), a mixing system (3), and multiple material receiving receptacles (4). The power transmission system is provided above the mixing tank. The mixing system is provided inside the mixing tank. The power transmission system is used to drive the mixing system to move. An opening is arranged at each of two ends of the material receiving receptacle. The multiple material receiving receptacles (4) are arranged at a top portion of the mixing tank, and end portions of two adjacent material receiving receptacles are spaced apart from each other without contact there between. A resin experiences low flow resistance in the material receiving receptacle, and thus can fall smoothly without accumulating in the material receiving receptacle. Moreover, the material receiving receptacle can be cleaned easily. | 1. An artificial quartz stone mixer, comprising:
a. a mixing barrel; b. a power transmission system; c. a mixing system; and d. a receiving trough, wherein the receiving trough has a pair of open ends and is formed in sections, wherein the power transmission system is arranged above the mixing barrel, and the mixing system is arranged on the mixing barrel, wherein the power transmission system drives the movement of the mixing system, wherein the receiving trough is mounted over the mixing barrel, and wherein adjacent sections of the receiving trough are connected, wherein the open ends of feeding troughs are arranged at a distance so as not to contact each other. 2. The artificial quartz stone mixer of claim 1, wherein during the stirring process, each section of the receiving groove rotates around the central axis of the mixing barrel, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the receiving groove is an arc shape. 3. The artificial quartz stone mixer of claim 1, wherein the stirring system includes three sets of stirring mechanisms, wherein the three sets of the stirring mechanisms are arranged at equal intervals in a circumferential direction, wherein the power transmission system is connected to the three sets of the stirring mechanism mechanisms to drive the three sets of stirring mechanisms to rotate around their respective central axis, and also drive the three sets of stirring mechanisms to revolve around the central axis of the mixing barrel. 4. The artificial quartz stone mixer of claim 3, wherein the stirring mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a plurality of connecting rods and a plurality of stirring paddles, wherein the power transmission system is connected to the rotating shaft, wherein the plurality of connecting rods each have an end of the connecting rod connected to the rotating shaft, and wherein the plurality of the connecting rods are arranged at equal intervals in a circumferential direction, wherein the stirring paddle is connected to the connecting rod, and at least two stirring paddles are connected to each connecting rod. 5. The artificial quartz stone mixer of claim 4, wherein the plurality of connecting rods include at least a first rod, a second rod, and a third rod, wherein a length of the first rod is greater than that of a length of the second rod, wherein the length of the first rod is also greater than a length of the third rod. 6. The artificial quartz stone mixer of claim 5, wherein each section of a material receiving trough is connected to the power transmission system; wherein each receiving trough section is arranged above each set of mixing mechanisms, wherein the power transmission system drives each receiving trough section and each set of stirring mechanisms under it to make a circular movement around the central axis of the stirring barrel, wherein a turning radius of each receiving trough section is greater than a turning radius of each set of rotating shafts and greater than a mixing barrel radius; and wherein a distance between the end of each receiving trough section and the turning radius of each set of rotating shafts is greater than the length of the first rod. 7. The artificial quartz stone mixer of claim 1, wherein the material receiving trough is an arc-shaped groove; wherein each section of the material receiving trough is located on the same circumferential plane. 8. The artificial quartz stone mixer of claim 1, further comprising: a partition plate, wherein the partition plate is disposed below the power transmission system, and the material receiving trough is connected to the power transmission system, which is separated from the mixing tank. 9. The artificial quartz stone mixer of claim 6, further comprising: a sealing plate and a plurality of feeding tubes, wherein the power transmission system includes a motor and a transmission component; and the power output end of the motor is connected to the transmission component of the power input end of the transmission assembly, wherein the power output end of the transmission assembly is connected to the receiving groove and the rotating shaft, wherein the transmission of the transmission assembly drives the rotating shaft to rotate around its own axis to achieve rotation, and also drives the material receiving trough and the rotating shaft to rotate around the central axis of the mixing barrel to realize a revolving motion, wherein the sealing plate is sleeved on the top of the mixing tank, above the transmission assembly and the material receiving tank, wherein each feeding tube is worn after passing through the sealing plate, wherein the ends are respectively arranged above the material receiving troughs, and the upper ends are respectively connected with funnels. 10. The artificial quartz stone mixer according of claim 9, further comprising a powder blocking channel and a dust removing device for use during stirring, wherein airborne powder material in the mixing barrel is drawn out of the mixer through a powder blocking channel, wherein the powder blocking channel is a channel enclosed by the upper powder frame and the lower powder frame, wherein the upper powder frame includes a first upper plate, a second upper plate, and a third upper plate, wherein the first upper plate and the third upper plate are arranged vertically, wherein the second upper plate is arranged horizontally, wherein the height of the first upper plate is greater than the height of the third upper plate, wherein the second upper plate is connected to the first upper plate and the third upper plate, wherein the transmission assembly also drives the upper powder frame to rotate around the central axis of the mixing barrel, wherein the lower powder frame includes the first lower plate and the second lower board, wherein the first lower plate is arranged vertically, wherein second lower plate is arranged horizontally, wherein first lower plate is arranged between first upper plate and the third upper plate, wherein the upper powder frame does not contact the lower powder frame, wherein the second lower plate is connected to the sealing plate and to the first lower board. 11. The artificial quartz stone mixer according of claim 9, further comprising a dust removal device which comprises a dust removal device suction line that passes through the sealing plate and comprises a dust removal device intake port which is mounted over the lower plate above the second lower plate, and set between the first lower plate and the third upper plate, wherein the dust removal device is an exhaust fan or an air pump, and wherein the dust removal device filters the powder material raised in the mixing barrel and pumps it out of the mixer. 12. The artificial quartz stone mixer according of claim 1, further comprising a dust removal device which comprises a dust removal device suction line that passes through the sealing plate and comprises a dust removal device intake port which is mounted over the lower plate above the second lower plate, and set between the first lower plate and the third upper plate, wherein the dust removal device is an exhaust fan or an air pump, and wherein the dust removal device filters the powder material raised in the mixing barrel and pumps it out of the mixer. | A mixer for synthetic quartz includes a mixing barrel (1), a power transmission system (2), a mixing system (3), and multiple material receiving receptacles (4). The power transmission system is provided above the mixing tank. The mixing system is provided inside the mixing tank. The power transmission system is used to drive the mixing system to move. An opening is arranged at each of two ends of the material receiving receptacle. The multiple material receiving receptacles (4) are arranged at a top portion of the mixing tank, and end portions of two adjacent material receiving receptacles are spaced apart from each other without contact there between. A resin experiences low flow resistance in the material receiving receptacle, and thus can fall smoothly without accumulating in the material receiving receptacle. Moreover, the material receiving receptacle can be cleaned easily.1. An artificial quartz stone mixer, comprising:
a. a mixing barrel; b. a power transmission system; c. a mixing system; and d. a receiving trough, wherein the receiving trough has a pair of open ends and is formed in sections, wherein the power transmission system is arranged above the mixing barrel, and the mixing system is arranged on the mixing barrel, wherein the power transmission system drives the movement of the mixing system, wherein the receiving trough is mounted over the mixing barrel, and wherein adjacent sections of the receiving trough are connected, wherein the open ends of feeding troughs are arranged at a distance so as not to contact each other. 2. The artificial quartz stone mixer of claim 1, wherein during the stirring process, each section of the receiving groove rotates around the central axis of the mixing barrel, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the receiving groove is an arc shape. 3. The artificial quartz stone mixer of claim 1, wherein the stirring system includes three sets of stirring mechanisms, wherein the three sets of the stirring mechanisms are arranged at equal intervals in a circumferential direction, wherein the power transmission system is connected to the three sets of the stirring mechanism mechanisms to drive the three sets of stirring mechanisms to rotate around their respective central axis, and also drive the three sets of stirring mechanisms to revolve around the central axis of the mixing barrel. 4. The artificial quartz stone mixer of claim 3, wherein the stirring mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a plurality of connecting rods and a plurality of stirring paddles, wherein the power transmission system is connected to the rotating shaft, wherein the plurality of connecting rods each have an end of the connecting rod connected to the rotating shaft, and wherein the plurality of the connecting rods are arranged at equal intervals in a circumferential direction, wherein the stirring paddle is connected to the connecting rod, and at least two stirring paddles are connected to each connecting rod. 5. The artificial quartz stone mixer of claim 4, wherein the plurality of connecting rods include at least a first rod, a second rod, and a third rod, wherein a length of the first rod is greater than that of a length of the second rod, wherein the length of the first rod is also greater than a length of the third rod. 6. The artificial quartz stone mixer of claim 5, wherein each section of a material receiving trough is connected to the power transmission system; wherein each receiving trough section is arranged above each set of mixing mechanisms, wherein the power transmission system drives each receiving trough section and each set of stirring mechanisms under it to make a circular movement around the central axis of the stirring barrel, wherein a turning radius of each receiving trough section is greater than a turning radius of each set of rotating shafts and greater than a mixing barrel radius; and wherein a distance between the end of each receiving trough section and the turning radius of each set of rotating shafts is greater than the length of the first rod. 7. The artificial quartz stone mixer of claim 1, wherein the material receiving trough is an arc-shaped groove; wherein each section of the material receiving trough is located on the same circumferential plane. 8. The artificial quartz stone mixer of claim 1, further comprising: a partition plate, wherein the partition plate is disposed below the power transmission system, and the material receiving trough is connected to the power transmission system, which is separated from the mixing tank. 9. The artificial quartz stone mixer of claim 6, further comprising: a sealing plate and a plurality of feeding tubes, wherein the power transmission system includes a motor and a transmission component; and the power output end of the motor is connected to the transmission component of the power input end of the transmission assembly, wherein the power output end of the transmission assembly is connected to the receiving groove and the rotating shaft, wherein the transmission of the transmission assembly drives the rotating shaft to rotate around its own axis to achieve rotation, and also drives the material receiving trough and the rotating shaft to rotate around the central axis of the mixing barrel to realize a revolving motion, wherein the sealing plate is sleeved on the top of the mixing tank, above the transmission assembly and the material receiving tank, wherein each feeding tube is worn after passing through the sealing plate, wherein the ends are respectively arranged above the material receiving troughs, and the upper ends are respectively connected with funnels. 10. The artificial quartz stone mixer according of claim 9, further comprising a powder blocking channel and a dust removing device for use during stirring, wherein airborne powder material in the mixing barrel is drawn out of the mixer through a powder blocking channel, wherein the powder blocking channel is a channel enclosed by the upper powder frame and the lower powder frame, wherein the upper powder frame includes a first upper plate, a second upper plate, and a third upper plate, wherein the first upper plate and the third upper plate are arranged vertically, wherein the second upper plate is arranged horizontally, wherein the height of the first upper plate is greater than the height of the third upper plate, wherein the second upper plate is connected to the first upper plate and the third upper plate, wherein the transmission assembly also drives the upper powder frame to rotate around the central axis of the mixing barrel, wherein the lower powder frame includes the first lower plate and the second lower board, wherein the first lower plate is arranged vertically, wherein second lower plate is arranged horizontally, wherein first lower plate is arranged between first upper plate and the third upper plate, wherein the upper powder frame does not contact the lower powder frame, wherein the second lower plate is connected to the sealing plate and to the first lower board. 11. The artificial quartz stone mixer according of claim 9, further comprising a dust removal device which comprises a dust removal device suction line that passes through the sealing plate and comprises a dust removal device intake port which is mounted over the lower plate above the second lower plate, and set between the first lower plate and the third upper plate, wherein the dust removal device is an exhaust fan or an air pump, and wherein the dust removal device filters the powder material raised in the mixing barrel and pumps it out of the mixer. 12. The artificial quartz stone mixer according of claim 1, further comprising a dust removal device which comprises a dust removal device suction line that passes through the sealing plate and comprises a dust removal device intake port which is mounted over the lower plate above the second lower plate, and set between the first lower plate and the third upper plate, wherein the dust removal device is an exhaust fan or an air pump, and wherein the dust removal device filters the powder material raised in the mixing barrel and pumps it out of the mixer. | 2,800 |
349,697 | 350,571 | 16,854,318 | 2,838 | A quality determination method for a three-dimensional shaped object includes: a shaping step of shaping a plurality of three-dimensional shaped objects by discharging a liquid from a nozzle hole toward a stage while changing a relative position between a discharge unit having a plurality of the nozzle holes arranged along a first direction and the stage in a second direction intersecting the first direction; a discharge inspection step of inspecting a discharge state of the liquid from the nozzle hole after or during the shaping step; and a quality determination step of determining that, when an abnormality is detected in the discharge state from at least one nozzle hole of the plurality of nozzle holes in the discharge inspection step, a low-quality three-dimensional shaped object is included in the plurality of shaped three-dimensional shaped objects. | 1. A quality determination method for a three-dimensional shaped object comprising:
a shaping step of shaping a plurality of three-dimensional shaped objects by discharging a liquid from a nozzle hole toward a stage while changing a relative position between a discharge unit having a plurality of the nozzle holes arranged along a first direction and the stage in a second direction intersecting the first direction; a discharge inspection step of inspecting a discharge state of the liquid from the nozzle hole after or during the shaping step; and a quality determination step of determining that, when an abnormality is detected in the discharge state from at least one nozzle hole of the plurality of nozzle holes in the discharge inspection step, a low-quality three-dimensional shaped object is included in the plurality of shaped three-dimensional shaped objects. 2. The quality determination method for a three-dimensional shaped object according to claim 1, further comprising:
before the shaping step, a preliminary discharge inspection step of inspecting the discharge state from the nozzle hole; and a start determination step of determining whether to start the shaping step using a result of an inspection in the preliminary discharge inspection step. 3. The quality determination method for a three-dimensional shaped object according to claim 1, further comprising:
a discharge recovery step of recovering, when the abnormality is detected in the discharge state from the nozzle hole in the discharge inspection step, the discharge state from the nozzle hole in which the abnormality is detected. 4. The quality determination method for a three-dimensional shaped object according to claim 1, wherein
the discharge inspection step is performed during the shaping step, and when the abnormality is detected in the discharge state of the nozzle hole in the discharge inspection step, in the shaping step after the discharge inspection step, shaping the three-dimensional shaped object performed using the nozzle hole in which the abnormality is detected is stopped. 5. The quality determination method for a three-dimensional shaped object according to claim 1, further comprising:
recording, before the discharge inspection step, shaped object identification information for identifying the three-dimensional shaped object in association with nozzle identification information for identifying the nozzle hole used for shaping the three-dimensional shaped object identified by the shaped object identification information; recording, when the abnormality is detected in the discharge state from the nozzle hole in the discharge inspection step, the nozzle identification information of the nozzle hole in which the abnormality is detected; and using, in the quality determination step, the shaped object identification information and the nozzle identification information to specify the low-quality three-dimensional shaped object from the plurality of shaped three-dimensional shaped objects. 6. The quality determination method for a three-dimensional shaped object according to claim 1, wherein
when shaping the plurality of three-dimensional shaped objects along a third direction intersecting the first direction and the second direction in the shaping step, the discharge inspection step is performed from an end of shaping one three-dimensional shaped object to a start of shaping another three-dimensional shaped object adjacent in the third direction. 7. A three-dimensional shaping device comprising:
a discharge unit including a plurality of nozzle holes arranged along a first direction, and configured to discharge a liquid from the nozzle holes toward a stage; a moving unit configured to change a relative position between the discharge unit and the stage in a second direction intersecting the first direction; a discharge inspection unit configured to inspect an abnormality of a discharge state of the liquid from the nozzle holes; and a control unit configured to control the discharge unit, the moving unit, and the discharge inspection unit, wherein the control unit
performs a shaping processing of shaping a plurality of three-dimensional shaped objects by controlling the moving unit to change the relative position, and controlling the discharge unit to discharge the liquid from the nozzle holes;
performs a discharge inspection processing of inspecting the discharge state from the nozzle holes by controlling the discharge inspection unit after or during the shaping processing; and
performs a quality determination processing of determining that, when the abnormality is detected in the discharge state from at least one nozzle hole of the plurality of nozzle holes in the discharge inspection processing, a low-quality three-dimensional shaped object is included in the plurality of shaped three-dimensional shaped objects. | A quality determination method for a three-dimensional shaped object includes: a shaping step of shaping a plurality of three-dimensional shaped objects by discharging a liquid from a nozzle hole toward a stage while changing a relative position between a discharge unit having a plurality of the nozzle holes arranged along a first direction and the stage in a second direction intersecting the first direction; a discharge inspection step of inspecting a discharge state of the liquid from the nozzle hole after or during the shaping step; and a quality determination step of determining that, when an abnormality is detected in the discharge state from at least one nozzle hole of the plurality of nozzle holes in the discharge inspection step, a low-quality three-dimensional shaped object is included in the plurality of shaped three-dimensional shaped objects.1. A quality determination method for a three-dimensional shaped object comprising:
a shaping step of shaping a plurality of three-dimensional shaped objects by discharging a liquid from a nozzle hole toward a stage while changing a relative position between a discharge unit having a plurality of the nozzle holes arranged along a first direction and the stage in a second direction intersecting the first direction; a discharge inspection step of inspecting a discharge state of the liquid from the nozzle hole after or during the shaping step; and a quality determination step of determining that, when an abnormality is detected in the discharge state from at least one nozzle hole of the plurality of nozzle holes in the discharge inspection step, a low-quality three-dimensional shaped object is included in the plurality of shaped three-dimensional shaped objects. 2. The quality determination method for a three-dimensional shaped object according to claim 1, further comprising:
before the shaping step, a preliminary discharge inspection step of inspecting the discharge state from the nozzle hole; and a start determination step of determining whether to start the shaping step using a result of an inspection in the preliminary discharge inspection step. 3. The quality determination method for a three-dimensional shaped object according to claim 1, further comprising:
a discharge recovery step of recovering, when the abnormality is detected in the discharge state from the nozzle hole in the discharge inspection step, the discharge state from the nozzle hole in which the abnormality is detected. 4. The quality determination method for a three-dimensional shaped object according to claim 1, wherein
the discharge inspection step is performed during the shaping step, and when the abnormality is detected in the discharge state of the nozzle hole in the discharge inspection step, in the shaping step after the discharge inspection step, shaping the three-dimensional shaped object performed using the nozzle hole in which the abnormality is detected is stopped. 5. The quality determination method for a three-dimensional shaped object according to claim 1, further comprising:
recording, before the discharge inspection step, shaped object identification information for identifying the three-dimensional shaped object in association with nozzle identification information for identifying the nozzle hole used for shaping the three-dimensional shaped object identified by the shaped object identification information; recording, when the abnormality is detected in the discharge state from the nozzle hole in the discharge inspection step, the nozzle identification information of the nozzle hole in which the abnormality is detected; and using, in the quality determination step, the shaped object identification information and the nozzle identification information to specify the low-quality three-dimensional shaped object from the plurality of shaped three-dimensional shaped objects. 6. The quality determination method for a three-dimensional shaped object according to claim 1, wherein
when shaping the plurality of three-dimensional shaped objects along a third direction intersecting the first direction and the second direction in the shaping step, the discharge inspection step is performed from an end of shaping one three-dimensional shaped object to a start of shaping another three-dimensional shaped object adjacent in the third direction. 7. A three-dimensional shaping device comprising:
a discharge unit including a plurality of nozzle holes arranged along a first direction, and configured to discharge a liquid from the nozzle holes toward a stage; a moving unit configured to change a relative position between the discharge unit and the stage in a second direction intersecting the first direction; a discharge inspection unit configured to inspect an abnormality of a discharge state of the liquid from the nozzle holes; and a control unit configured to control the discharge unit, the moving unit, and the discharge inspection unit, wherein the control unit
performs a shaping processing of shaping a plurality of three-dimensional shaped objects by controlling the moving unit to change the relative position, and controlling the discharge unit to discharge the liquid from the nozzle holes;
performs a discharge inspection processing of inspecting the discharge state from the nozzle holes by controlling the discharge inspection unit after or during the shaping processing; and
performs a quality determination processing of determining that, when the abnormality is detected in the discharge state from at least one nozzle hole of the plurality of nozzle holes in the discharge inspection processing, a low-quality three-dimensional shaped object is included in the plurality of shaped three-dimensional shaped objects. | 2,800 |
349,698 | 350,572 | 16,854,331 | 2,838 | A method and apparatus may be used in wireless communications. The apparatus may be an access point (AP), and may transmit a power save frame. The power save frame may include one or more Uplink (UL) Transmission Times (ULT)s. The apparatus may determine that a station (STA) did not transmit during its respective ULT. The AP may transmit another power save frame. The other power save frame may include a modified ULT. The modified ULT may be for a STA that did not transmit during its respective ULT. The other power save frame may include an unmodified ULT. The unmodified ULT may be for a STA that did not transmit. | 1. An IEEE 802.11 station (STA) comprising:
a transceiver configured to receive, from an access point (AP), a first frame that includes an indication of a first uplink transmission time (ULT) associated with the STA during which the STA is assigned to transmit uplink data to the AP; a processor, coupled to the transceiver, configured to receive a second frame during the first ULT that includes an indication of a modified ULT associated with the STA during which the STA is assigned to transmit uplink data to the AP; and the processor and the transceiver configured to transmit uplink data to the AP during the modified ULT associated to the STA. 2. The STA of claim 1, wherein the first frame is a power save frame. 3. The STA of claim 1, wherein the first frame includes a second uplink transmission time (ULT) associated with a second STA during which the second STA is assigned to transmit uplink data to the AP. 4. The STA of claim 3, wherein the second frame includes the second ULT associated with the second STA. 5. The STA of claim 4, wherein the second ULT received in the second frame is unchanged as compared to the second ULT received in the first frame. 6. The STA of claim 1, wherein the processor and the transceiver are configured to receive the second frame after a point control function inter-frame spacing (PIFS) period after the start of the first ULT. 7. The STA of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to enter a sleep mode when there is no ULT assigned to the STA. 8. The STA of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to receive the second frame on a condition that the STA is unable to gain access to a wireless medium during the first ULT assigned to the STA. 9. A method for use in an IEEE 802.11 station (STA), the method comprising:
receiving, from an access point (AP), a first frame that includes an indication of a first uplink transmission time (ULT) associated with the STA during which the STA is assigned to transmit uplink data to the AP; receiving a second frame during the first ULT that includes an indication of a modified ULT associated with the STA during which the STA is assigned to transmit uplink data to the AP; and transmitting uplink data to the AP during the modified ULT associated with the STA. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the first frame is a power save frame. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the first frame includes a second uplink transmission time (ULT) associated with a second STA during which the second STA is assigned to transmit uplink data to the AP. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the second frame includes the second ULT associated with the second STA. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the second ULT received in the second frame is unchanged as compared to the second ULT received in the first frame. 14. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
receiving the second frame after a point control function inter-frame spacing (PIFS) period after the start of the first ULT. 15. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
entering a sleep mode when there is no ULT assigned to the STA. 16. The method of claim 9, wherein receiving the second frame occurs on a condition that the STA is unable to gain access to a wireless medium during the first ULT assigned to the STA. | A method and apparatus may be used in wireless communications. The apparatus may be an access point (AP), and may transmit a power save frame. The power save frame may include one or more Uplink (UL) Transmission Times (ULT)s. The apparatus may determine that a station (STA) did not transmit during its respective ULT. The AP may transmit another power save frame. The other power save frame may include a modified ULT. The modified ULT may be for a STA that did not transmit during its respective ULT. The other power save frame may include an unmodified ULT. The unmodified ULT may be for a STA that did not transmit.1. An IEEE 802.11 station (STA) comprising:
a transceiver configured to receive, from an access point (AP), a first frame that includes an indication of a first uplink transmission time (ULT) associated with the STA during which the STA is assigned to transmit uplink data to the AP; a processor, coupled to the transceiver, configured to receive a second frame during the first ULT that includes an indication of a modified ULT associated with the STA during which the STA is assigned to transmit uplink data to the AP; and the processor and the transceiver configured to transmit uplink data to the AP during the modified ULT associated to the STA. 2. The STA of claim 1, wherein the first frame is a power save frame. 3. The STA of claim 1, wherein the first frame includes a second uplink transmission time (ULT) associated with a second STA during which the second STA is assigned to transmit uplink data to the AP. 4. The STA of claim 3, wherein the second frame includes the second ULT associated with the second STA. 5. The STA of claim 4, wherein the second ULT received in the second frame is unchanged as compared to the second ULT received in the first frame. 6. The STA of claim 1, wherein the processor and the transceiver are configured to receive the second frame after a point control function inter-frame spacing (PIFS) period after the start of the first ULT. 7. The STA of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to enter a sleep mode when there is no ULT assigned to the STA. 8. The STA of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to receive the second frame on a condition that the STA is unable to gain access to a wireless medium during the first ULT assigned to the STA. 9. A method for use in an IEEE 802.11 station (STA), the method comprising:
receiving, from an access point (AP), a first frame that includes an indication of a first uplink transmission time (ULT) associated with the STA during which the STA is assigned to transmit uplink data to the AP; receiving a second frame during the first ULT that includes an indication of a modified ULT associated with the STA during which the STA is assigned to transmit uplink data to the AP; and transmitting uplink data to the AP during the modified ULT associated with the STA. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the first frame is a power save frame. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the first frame includes a second uplink transmission time (ULT) associated with a second STA during which the second STA is assigned to transmit uplink data to the AP. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the second frame includes the second ULT associated with the second STA. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the second ULT received in the second frame is unchanged as compared to the second ULT received in the first frame. 14. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
receiving the second frame after a point control function inter-frame spacing (PIFS) period after the start of the first ULT. 15. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
entering a sleep mode when there is no ULT assigned to the STA. 16. The method of claim 9, wherein receiving the second frame occurs on a condition that the STA is unable to gain access to a wireless medium during the first ULT assigned to the STA. | 2,800 |
349,699 | 350,573 | 16,854,321 | 2,112 | A decoding device that includes a decoding determination unit to determine a procedure of recovering and decoding missing packets in consideration of a packet missing pattern in data including a set of media packets and redundant packets generated by a two-dimensional XOR-based FEC encoding method. Further, a decoding unit executes the recovery of the missing packets according to the procedure determined by the decoding determination unit. | 1. An information processing device, comprising:
circuitry configured to:
calculate each of a number of rows and a number of columns with one missing packet of a plurality of media packets of data, wherein
generation of the data is based on a two-dimensional XOR-based forward error correction (FEC) encoding process;
compare the calculated number of rows with the calculated number of columns;
determine a first recovery process of a plurality of recovery processes for the one missing packet; and
execute the determined first recovery process in one of a row direction or a column direction based on the comparison. 2. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein
the first recovery process is executed in the row direction based on the calculated number of rows that is larger than the calculated number of columns, and the first recovery process is executed in the column direction based on the calculated number of columns that is larger than the calculated number of rows. 3. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein the circuitry is further configured to:
determine a number of recovery times is one of limited or not limited; determine the first recovery process based on the comparison and the determination that the number of recovery times is limited; and determine, based on the determination that the number of recover times is not limited, the first recovery process independent of the comparison. 4. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein the circuitry is further configured to determine, based on the calculation, a second recovery process from the plurality of recovery processes for the one missing packet. 5. The information processing device according to claim 4, wherein the circuitry is further configured to:
execute, based on the calculation, the first recovery process in the row direction; and execute the second recovery process in the column direction based on the execution of the first recovery process in the row direction, wherein the column direction is perpendicular to the row direction. 6. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein the circuitry is further configured to determine a direction of execution of the first recovery process as one of the row direction or the column direction based on the calculated number of rows that is same as the calculated number of columns. 7. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein
the data includes a plurality of redundant packets, and generation of the plurality of redundant packets is based on execution of the two-dimensional XOR-based FEC encoding process on each media packet of the plurality of media packets in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns. 8. A method, comprising:
calculating each of a number of rows and a number of columns with one missing packet of a plurality of media packets of data, wherein
generation of the data is based on a two-dimensional XOR-based forward error correction (FEC) encoding process;
comparing the calculated number of rows with the calculated number of columns; determining a first recovery process of a plurality of recovery processes for the one missing packet; and executing the determined first recovery process in one of a row direction or a column direction based on the comparison. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein
the first recovery process is executed in the row direction based on the calculated number of rows that is larger than the calculated number of columns, and the first recovery process is executed in the column direction based on the calculated number of columns that is larger than the calculated number of rows. 10. The method according to claim 8, further comprising:
determining a number of recovery times is one of limited or not limited; determining the first recovery process based on the comparison and the determination that the number of recovery times is limited; and determining, based on the determination that the number of recover times is not limited, the first recovery process independent of the comparison. 11. The method according to claim 8, further comprising determining, based on the calculation, a second recovery process from the plurality of recovery processes for the one missing packet. 12. The method according to claim 11, further comprising:
executing, based on the calculation, the first recovery process in the row direction; and executing the second recovery process in the column direction based on the execution of the first recovery process in the row direction, wherein the column direction is perpendicular to the row direction. 13. The method according to claim 8, further comprising determining a direction of execution of the first recovery process as one of the row direction or the column direction based on the calculated number of rows that is same as the calculated number of columns. 14. The method according to claim 8, wherein
the data includes a plurality of redundant packets, and generation of the plurality of redundant packets is based on execution of the two-dimensional XOR-based FEC encoding process on each media packet of the plurality of media packets in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns. 15. A non-transitory computer-readable medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute operations, the operations comprising:
calculating each of a number of rows and a number of columns with one missing packet of a plurality of media packets of data, wherein
generation of the data is based on a two-dimensional XOR-based forward error correction (FEC) encoding process;
comparing the calculated number of rows with the calculated number of columns; determining a first recovery process of a plurality of recovery processes for the one missing packet; and executing the determined first recovery process in one of a row direction or a column direction based on the comparison. 16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 15, wherein
the first recovery process is executed in the row direction based on the calculated number of rows that is larger than the calculated number of columns, and the first recovery process is executed in the column direction based on the calculated number of columns that is larger than the calculated number of rows. 17. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 15, further comprising:
determining a number of recovery times is one of limited or not limited; determining the first recovery process based on the comparison and the determination that the number of recovery times is limited; and determining, based on the determination that the number of recover times is not limited, the first recovery process independent of the comparison. 18. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 15, further comprising determining, based on the calculation, a second recovery process from the plurality of recovery processes for the one missing packet. 19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 18, further comprising:
executing, based on the calculation, the first recovery process in the row direction; and executing the second recovery process in the column direction based on the execution of the first recovery process in the row direction, wherein the column direction is perpendicular to the row direction. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 15, further comprising determining a direction of execution of the first recovery process as one of the row direction or the column direction based on the calculated number of rows that is same as the calculated number of columns. | A decoding device that includes a decoding determination unit to determine a procedure of recovering and decoding missing packets in consideration of a packet missing pattern in data including a set of media packets and redundant packets generated by a two-dimensional XOR-based FEC encoding method. Further, a decoding unit executes the recovery of the missing packets according to the procedure determined by the decoding determination unit.1. An information processing device, comprising:
circuitry configured to:
calculate each of a number of rows and a number of columns with one missing packet of a plurality of media packets of data, wherein
generation of the data is based on a two-dimensional XOR-based forward error correction (FEC) encoding process;
compare the calculated number of rows with the calculated number of columns;
determine a first recovery process of a plurality of recovery processes for the one missing packet; and
execute the determined first recovery process in one of a row direction or a column direction based on the comparison. 2. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein
the first recovery process is executed in the row direction based on the calculated number of rows that is larger than the calculated number of columns, and the first recovery process is executed in the column direction based on the calculated number of columns that is larger than the calculated number of rows. 3. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein the circuitry is further configured to:
determine a number of recovery times is one of limited or not limited; determine the first recovery process based on the comparison and the determination that the number of recovery times is limited; and determine, based on the determination that the number of recover times is not limited, the first recovery process independent of the comparison. 4. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein the circuitry is further configured to determine, based on the calculation, a second recovery process from the plurality of recovery processes for the one missing packet. 5. The information processing device according to claim 4, wherein the circuitry is further configured to:
execute, based on the calculation, the first recovery process in the row direction; and execute the second recovery process in the column direction based on the execution of the first recovery process in the row direction, wherein the column direction is perpendicular to the row direction. 6. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein the circuitry is further configured to determine a direction of execution of the first recovery process as one of the row direction or the column direction based on the calculated number of rows that is same as the calculated number of columns. 7. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein
the data includes a plurality of redundant packets, and generation of the plurality of redundant packets is based on execution of the two-dimensional XOR-based FEC encoding process on each media packet of the plurality of media packets in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns. 8. A method, comprising:
calculating each of a number of rows and a number of columns with one missing packet of a plurality of media packets of data, wherein
generation of the data is based on a two-dimensional XOR-based forward error correction (FEC) encoding process;
comparing the calculated number of rows with the calculated number of columns; determining a first recovery process of a plurality of recovery processes for the one missing packet; and executing the determined first recovery process in one of a row direction or a column direction based on the comparison. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein
the first recovery process is executed in the row direction based on the calculated number of rows that is larger than the calculated number of columns, and the first recovery process is executed in the column direction based on the calculated number of columns that is larger than the calculated number of rows. 10. The method according to claim 8, further comprising:
determining a number of recovery times is one of limited or not limited; determining the first recovery process based on the comparison and the determination that the number of recovery times is limited; and determining, based on the determination that the number of recover times is not limited, the first recovery process independent of the comparison. 11. The method according to claim 8, further comprising determining, based on the calculation, a second recovery process from the plurality of recovery processes for the one missing packet. 12. The method according to claim 11, further comprising:
executing, based on the calculation, the first recovery process in the row direction; and executing the second recovery process in the column direction based on the execution of the first recovery process in the row direction, wherein the column direction is perpendicular to the row direction. 13. The method according to claim 8, further comprising determining a direction of execution of the first recovery process as one of the row direction or the column direction based on the calculated number of rows that is same as the calculated number of columns. 14. The method according to claim 8, wherein
the data includes a plurality of redundant packets, and generation of the plurality of redundant packets is based on execution of the two-dimensional XOR-based FEC encoding process on each media packet of the plurality of media packets in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns. 15. A non-transitory computer-readable medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute operations, the operations comprising:
calculating each of a number of rows and a number of columns with one missing packet of a plurality of media packets of data, wherein
generation of the data is based on a two-dimensional XOR-based forward error correction (FEC) encoding process;
comparing the calculated number of rows with the calculated number of columns; determining a first recovery process of a plurality of recovery processes for the one missing packet; and executing the determined first recovery process in one of a row direction or a column direction based on the comparison. 16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 15, wherein
the first recovery process is executed in the row direction based on the calculated number of rows that is larger than the calculated number of columns, and the first recovery process is executed in the column direction based on the calculated number of columns that is larger than the calculated number of rows. 17. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 15, further comprising:
determining a number of recovery times is one of limited or not limited; determining the first recovery process based on the comparison and the determination that the number of recovery times is limited; and determining, based on the determination that the number of recover times is not limited, the first recovery process independent of the comparison. 18. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 15, further comprising determining, based on the calculation, a second recovery process from the plurality of recovery processes for the one missing packet. 19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 18, further comprising:
executing, based on the calculation, the first recovery process in the row direction; and executing the second recovery process in the column direction based on the execution of the first recovery process in the row direction, wherein the column direction is perpendicular to the row direction. 20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 15, further comprising determining a direction of execution of the first recovery process as one of the row direction or the column direction based on the calculated number of rows that is same as the calculated number of columns. | 2,100 |
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