Split (1)

train · 97.7k rows

id stringlengths 24 24	title stringlengths 3 59	context stringlengths 151 4.06k	question stringlengths 1 25.7k	answers dict	masked_query stringlengths 1 25.7k	query_embedding list	random_answer stringlengths 151 4.06k	similar_answer stringlengths 152 4.06k	similar_answer_v2 stringlengths 151 4.06k ⌀	answer stringlengths 1 239	__index_level_0__ int64 0 98.2k
5726c3b3708984140094d0cf	Genghis_Khan	The Shah's army was split by diverse internecine feuds and by the Shah's decision to divide his army into small groups concentrated in various cities. This fragmentation was decisive in Khwarezmia's defeats, as it allowed the Mongols, although exhausted from the long journey, to immediately set about defeating small fr...	What feature of the Shah's army enable the weary Mongol forces easy early victories?	{ "answer_start": [ 156, 156, 156 ], "text": [ "fragmentation", "fragmentation", "fragmentation" ] }	What feature of the Shah 's army enable the weary [MASK] forces easy early victories?	[ -0.4916177988052368, 0.058979954570531845, -0.02058631181716919, 0.3056376278400421, 0.07346932590007782, 0.08356017619371414, 0.13995735347270966, -0.1386183649301529, 0.0316755436360836, -0.3456811308860779, -0.2748180031776428, 0.13908939063549042, 0.05782080441713333, -0.16857694089412...	The FIBA Africa Championship 1981 was hosted by Somalia from 15–23 December 1981. The games were played in Mogadishu, and the Somali national team received the bronze prize. Abdi Bile won the 1500 m event at the World Championships in 1987, running the fastest final 800 m of any 1,500 meter race in history. He was a tw...	In 1227, Genghis Khan's army attacked and destroyed the Tangut capital of Ning Hia and continued to advance, seizing Lintiao-fu, Xining province, Xindu-fu, and Deshun province in quick succession in the spring. At Deshun, the Tangut general Ma Jianlong put up a fierce resistance for several days and personally led char...	Shortly after he learned of the failure of Menshikov's diplomacy toward the end of June 1853, the Tsar sent armies under the commands of Field Marshal Ivan Paskevich and General Mikhail Gorchakov across the Pruth River into the Ottoman-controlled Danubian Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia. Fewer than half of the...	fragmentation	93,806
5726c3b3708984140094d0d0	Genghis_Khan	The Shah's army was split by diverse internecine feuds and by the Shah's decision to divide his army into small groups concentrated in various cities. This fragmentation was decisive in Khwarezmia's defeats, as it allowed the Mongols, although exhausted from the long journey, to immediately set about defeating small fr...	Which town's massacre did Genghis Khan order in retribution for the treatment of his envoys?	{ "answer_start": [ 432, 432, 432 ], "text": [ "Otrar", "Otrar", "Otrar" ] }	Which town 's massacre did [MASK] order in retribution for the treatment of his envoys?	[ -0.2294321060180664, -0.054843172430992126, -0.3788606822490692, 0.20085026323795319, -0.3225279152393341, 0.3916792869567871, 0.4473472535610199, -0.2542778253555298, 0.04065215587615967, 0.06196565553545952, -0.43679964542388916, 0.01444731093943119, -0.22859835624694824, 0.0967574119567...	Federalism in the United States is the evolving relationship between state governments and the federal government of the United States. American government has evolved from a system of dual federalism to one of associative federalism. In "Federalist No. 46," James Madison asserted that the states and national governmen...	In 1227, Genghis Khan's army attacked and destroyed the Tangut capital of Ning Hia and continued to advance, seizing Lintiao-fu, Xining province, Xindu-fu, and Deshun province in quick succession in the spring. At Deshun, the Tangut general Ma Jianlong put up a fierce resistance for several days and personally led char...	In 1227, Genghis Khan's army attacked and destroyed the Tangut capital of Ning Hia and continued to advance, seizing Lintiao-fu, Xining province, Xindu-fu, and Deshun province in quick succession in the spring. At Deshun, the Tangut general Ma Jianlong put up a fierce resistance for several days and personally led char...	Otrar	93,807
5726c3b3708984140094d0d1	Genghis_Khan	The Shah's army was split by diverse internecine feuds and by the Shah's decision to divide his army into small groups concentrated in various cities. This fragmentation was decisive in Khwarezmia's defeats, as it allowed the Mongols, although exhausted from the long journey, to immediately set about defeating small fr...	What metal was used in Inalchuq's execution?	{ "answer_start": [ 627, 627, 620 ], "text": [ "silver", "silver", "molten silver" ] }	What metal was used in [MASK] 's execution?	[ 0.3836352825164795, 0.114258773624897, -0.5399645566940308, 0.3607823848724365, 0.20042552053928375, 0.4679687023162842, 0.12747399508953094, -0.3875978887081146, -0.13021017611026764, 0.28095000982284546, 0.08707594126462936, -0.06706058979034424, -0.18966978788375854, 0.23810172080993652...	In 1629, the Massachusetts Bay Colony's first governor, John Winthrop, led the signing of the Cambridge Agreement, a key founding document of the city. Puritan ethics and their focus on education influenced its early history; America's first public school was founded in Boston in 1635. Over the next 130 years, the city...	In 1227, Genghis Khan's army attacked and destroyed the Tangut capital of Ning Hia and continued to advance, seizing Lintiao-fu, Xining province, Xindu-fu, and Deshun province in quick succession in the spring. At Deshun, the Tangut general Ma Jianlong put up a fierce resistance for several days and personally led char...	Once at Golgotha, Jesus was offered wine mixed with gall to drink. Matthew's and Mark's Gospels record that he refused this. He was then crucified and hung between two convicted thieves. According to some translations from the original Greek, the thieves may have been bandits or Jewish rebels. According to Mark's Gospe...	silver	93,808
5726c3b3708984140094d0d2	Genghis_Khan	The Shah's army was split by diverse internecine feuds and by the Shah's decision to divide his army into small groups concentrated in various cities. This fragmentation was decisive in Khwarezmia's defeats, as it allowed the Mongols, although exhausted from the long journey, to immediately set about defeating small fr...	What did the Shah do when faced with defeat by Genghis Khan's forces?	{ "answer_start": [ 726, 726, 726 ], "text": [ "fled", "fled", "fled" ] }	What did the [MASK] do when faced with defeat by [MASK] forces?	[ -0.16888569295406342, 0.08623866736888885, -0.2713698744773865, 0.2868342101573944, -0.16219986975193024, 0.2315700352191925, 0.5923341512680054, -0.2339962273836136, -0.07252676784992218, -0.03322770446538925, -0.3037821054458618, 0.2656199038028717, 0.1857248991727829, -0.388061940670013...	In order to specifically measure the amount of light entering the eye, personal circadian light meter called the Daysimeter has been developed. This is the first device created to accurately measure and characterize light (intensity, spectrum, timing, and duration) entering the eye that affects the human body's clock.	In 1227, Genghis Khan's army attacked and destroyed the Tangut capital of Ning Hia and continued to advance, seizing Lintiao-fu, Xining province, Xindu-fu, and Deshun province in quick succession in the spring. At Deshun, the Tangut general Ma Jianlong put up a fierce resistance for several days and personally led char...	When Yesün Temür died in Shangdu in 1328, Tugh Temür was recalled to Khanbaliq by the Qipchaq commander El Temür. He was installed as the emperor (Emperor Wenzong) in Khanbaliq, while Yesün Temür's son Ragibagh succeeded to the throne in Shangdu with the support of Yesün Temür's favorite retainer Dawlat Shah. Gaining s...	fled	93,809
5726c3b3708984140094d0d3	Genghis_Khan	The Shah's army was split by diverse internecine feuds and by the Shah's decision to divide his army into small groups concentrated in various cities. This fragmentation was decisive in Khwarezmia's defeats, as it allowed the Mongols, although exhausted from the long journey, to immediately set about defeating small fr...	Who did Genghis Khan charge with finding and punishing the Shah?	{ "answer_start": [ 775, 775, 775 ], "text": [ "Subutai and Jebe", "Subutai and Jebe", "Subutai and Jebe" ] }	Who did [MASK] charge with finding and punishing the Shah?	[ -0.29346764087677, 0.05946359038352966, -0.3822137415409088, 0.20179586112499237, -0.051042038947343826, 0.0831078439950943, 0.24184362590312958, -0.4035349488258362, -0.014557656832039356, 0.44909751415252686, -0.3188704252243042, 0.0979546383023262, -0.5019357800483704, 0.180234163999557...	Alternatives to pesticides are available and include methods of cultivation, use of biological pest controls (such as pheromones and microbial pesticides), genetic engineering, and methods of interfering with insect breeding. Application of composted yard waste has also been used as a way of controlling pests. These me...	In 1227, Genghis Khan's army attacked and destroyed the Tangut capital of Ning Hia and continued to advance, seizing Lintiao-fu, Xining province, Xindu-fu, and Deshun province in quick succession in the spring. At Deshun, the Tangut general Ma Jianlong put up a fierce resistance for several days and personally led char...	When an ally of the Ü-Tsang ruler threatened destruction of the Gelugpas again, the fifth Dalai Lama Lozang Gyatso pleaded for help from the Mongol prince Güshi Khan (1582–1655), leader of the Khoshut (Qoshot) tribe of the Oirat Mongols, who was then on a pilgrimage to Lhasa. Güshi Khan accepted his role as protector, ...	Subutai and Jebe	93,810
5726c4c8708984140094d0f5	Genghis_Khan	The Mongols' conquest, even by their own standards, was brutal. After the capital Samarkand fell, the capital was moved to Bukhara by the remaining men, while Genghis Khan ordered two of his generals and their forces to completely destroy the remnants of the Khwarezmid Empire, including not only royal buildings, but en...	What was the capital of Khwarezmia before the Mongol invasion?	{ "answer_start": [ 82, 82, 82 ], "text": [ "Samarkand", "Samarkand", "Samarkand" ] }	What was the capital of [MASK] before the [MASK] invasion?	[ -0.40210846066474915, -0.18917571008205414, -0.06476501375436783, 0.2396894246339798, -0.10098264366388321, 0.20383746922016144, -0.01048552431166172, 0.2279280573129654, -0.27071332931518555, -0.08389773964881897, -0.1037086471915245, -0.18208849430084229, -0.05485738813877106, 0.03386191...	The first video game based on the AFL was Arena Football for the C-64 released in 1988. On May 18, 2000, Kurt Warner's Arena Football Unleashed was released by Midway Games for the PlayStation game console. On February 7, 2006 EA Sports released Arena Football for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox. EA Sports released another ...	Möngke Khan commenced a military campaign against the Chinese Song dynasty in southern China. The Mongol force that invaded southern China was far greater than the force they sent to invade the Middle East in 1256. He died in 1259 without a successor. Kublai returned from fighting the Song in 1260 when he learned that ...	When the Dzungar Mongols attempted to spread their territory from what is now Xinjiang into Tibet, the Kangxi Emperor (r. 1661–1722) responded to Tibetan pleas for aid with his own expedition to Tibet, occupying Lhasa in 1720. By 1751, during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (r. 1735–1796), a protectorate and permanen...	Samarkand	93,811
5726c4c8708984140094d0f6	Genghis_Khan	The Mongols' conquest, even by their own standards, was brutal. After the capital Samarkand fell, the capital was moved to Bukhara by the remaining men, while Genghis Khan ordered two of his generals and their forces to completely destroy the remnants of the Khwarezmid Empire, including not only royal buildings, but en...	Where was the Khwarezmid capital moved after Genghis Khan's forces prevailed in Samarkand?	{ "answer_start": [ 123, 123, 123 ], "text": [ "Bukhara", "Bukhara", "Bukhara" ] }	Where was the [MASK] capital moved after [MASK] forces prevailed in [MASK]?	[ -0.30615583062171936, -0.20934009552001953, 0.13844308257102966, 0.31250160932540894, 0.03651301562786102, 0.17087148129940033, 0.17102594673633575, -0.17614151537418365, -0.18530142307281494, -0.21279028058052063, -0.3665354549884796, -0.11080211400985718, 0.021310053765773773, 0.06029387...	Miami has six major causeways that span over Biscayne Bay connecting the western mainland, with the eastern barrier islands along the Atlantic Ocean. The Rickenbacker Causeway is the southernmost causeway and connects Brickell to Virginia Key and Key Biscayne. The Venetian Causeway and MacArthur Causeway connect Downto...	Möngke Khan commenced a military campaign against the Chinese Song dynasty in southern China. The Mongol force that invaded southern China was far greater than the force they sent to invade the Middle East in 1256. He died in 1259 without a successor. Kublai returned from fighting the Song in 1260 when he learned that ...	The Shah's army was split by diverse internecine feuds and by the Shah's decision to divide his army into small groups concentrated in various cities. This fragmentation was decisive in Khwarezmia's defeats, as it allowed the Mongols, although exhausted from the long journey, to immediately set about defeating small fr...	Bukhara	93,812
5726c4c8708984140094d0f7	Genghis_Khan	The Mongols' conquest, even by their own standards, was brutal. After the capital Samarkand fell, the capital was moved to Bukhara by the remaining men, while Genghis Khan ordered two of his generals and their forces to completely destroy the remnants of the Khwarezmid Empire, including not only royal buildings, but en...	What does legend say Genghis Khan used to obliterate the Kharezmid emporer's place of birth?	{ "answer_start": [ 443, 443, 443 ], "text": [ "a river", "a river", "a river" ] }	What does legend say [MASK] used to obliterate the [MASK] emporer 's place of birth?	[ -0.09441586583852768, 0.3066605031490326, -0.05359930545091629, -0.06809590011835098, 0.26659175753593445, 0.3664192855358124, 0.4554647207260132, 0.03818725422024727, -0.13762809336185455, 0.04136282578110695, -0.40198957920074463, -0.2765491306781769, -0.11985554546117783, 0.638060629367...	England is quite a successful nation at the UEFA European Football Championship, having finished in third place in 1968 and reached the semi-final in 1996. England hosted Euro 96 and have appeared in eight UEFA European Championship Finals tournaments, tied for ninth-best. The team has also reached the quarter-final on...	Möngke Khan commenced a military campaign against the Chinese Song dynasty in southern China. The Mongol force that invaded southern China was far greater than the force they sent to invade the Middle East in 1256. He died in 1259 without a successor. Kublai returned from fighting the Song in 1260 when he learned that ...	In 1207, the Mongol ruler Genghis Khan (r. 1206–1227) conquered and subjugated the ethnic Tangut state of the Western Xia (1038–1227). In the same year, he established diplomatic relations with Tibet by sending envoys there. The conquest of the Western Xia alarmed Tibetan rulers, who decided to pay tribute to the Mongo...	a river	93,813
5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae2	Genghis_Khan	The Mongols attacked Samarkand using captured enemies as body shields. After several days only a few remaining soldiers, loyal supporters of the Shah, held out in the citadel. After the fortress fell, Genghis supposedly reneged on his surrender terms and executed every soldier that had taken arms against him at Samarka...	What did the Mongols shield themselves with while attacking Samarkand?	{ "answer_start": [ 37, 37, 37 ], "text": [ "captured enemies", "captured enemies", "captured enemies" ] }	What did the [MASK] shield themselves with while attacking [MASK]?	[ 0.18342629075050354, 0.26939037442207336, -0.041734807193279266, 0.21855729818344116, -0.17965815961360931, 0.3284291625022888, 0.4641264081001282, -0.3850841820240021, -0.13632698357105255, -0.16855521500110626, -0.12743155658245087, 0.03536001220345497, -0.06061778590083122, -0.330735146...	Three counties of the Washington District (now part of Tennessee) broke off from North Carolina in 1784 and formed the State of Franklin. Efforts to obtain admission to the Union failed, and the counties (now numbering eight) had re-joined North Carolina by 1789. North Carolina ceded the area to the federal government ...	When an ally of the Ü-Tsang ruler threatened destruction of the Gelugpas again, the fifth Dalai Lama Lozang Gyatso pleaded for help from the Mongol prince Güshi Khan (1582–1655), leader of the Khoshut (Qoshot) tribe of the Oirat Mongols, who was then on a pilgrimage to Lhasa. Güshi Khan accepted his role as protector, ...	The Russians avoided Napoleon's objective of a decisive engagement and instead retreated deeper into Russia. A brief attempt at resistance was made at Smolensk in August; the Russians were defeated in a series of battles, and Napoleon resumed his advance. The Russians again avoided battle, although in a few cases this ...	captured enemies	93,814
5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae3	Genghis_Khan	The Mongols attacked Samarkand using captured enemies as body shields. After several days only a few remaining soldiers, loyal supporters of the Shah, held out in the citadel. After the fortress fell, Genghis supposedly reneged on his surrender terms and executed every soldier that had taken arms against him at Samarka...	How did Genghis Khan observed the surrender terms after Samarkand fell?	{ "answer_start": [ 220, 220, 255 ], "text": [ "reneged", "reneged", "executed every soldier" ] }	How did [MASK] observed the surrender terms after [MASK] fell?	[ -0.11171979457139969, 0.07738115638494492, -0.04302099347114563, 0.1828860640525818, 0.012545657344162464, 0.10013021528720856, 0.3583747446537018, -0.30586275458335876, 0.02880438044667244, -0.11364984512329102, -0.3317655324935913, 0.14088761806488037, 0.3275547921657562, -0.148950785398...	Goodluck Jonathan served as Nigeria's president till 16 April 2011, when a new presidential election in Nigeria was conducted. Jonathan of the PDP was declared the winner on 19 April 2011, having won the election with a total of 22,495,187 of the 39,469,484 votes cast, to stand ahead of Muhammadu Buhari from the main o...	When an ally of the Ü-Tsang ruler threatened destruction of the Gelugpas again, the fifth Dalai Lama Lozang Gyatso pleaded for help from the Mongol prince Güshi Khan (1582–1655), leader of the Khoshut (Qoshot) tribe of the Oirat Mongols, who was then on a pilgrimage to Lhasa. Güshi Khan accepted his role as protector, ...	The Mongols learned from captives of the abundant green pastures beyond the Bulgar territory, allowing for the planning for conquest of Hungary and Europe. Genghis Khan recalled Subutai back to Mongolia soon afterwards, and Jebe died on the road back to Samarkand. The famous cavalry expedition led by Subutai and Jebe, ...	reneged	93,815
5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae4	Genghis_Khan	The Mongols attacked Samarkand using captured enemies as body shields. After several days only a few remaining soldiers, loyal supporters of the Shah, held out in the citadel. After the fortress fell, Genghis supposedly reneged on his surrender terms and executed every soldier that had taken arms against him at Samarka...	What victory symbols did the Mongols build on the plains outside Samarkand?	{ "answer_start": [ 442, 442, 442 ], "text": [ "pyramids of severed heads", "pyramids of severed heads", "pyramids of severed heads" ] }	What victory symbols did the [MASK] build on the plains outside [MASK]?	[ 0.18671414256095886, 0.2574054002761841, -0.10377706587314606, 0.27218154072761536, -0.23534689843654633, 0.5080868005752563, 0.16300103068351746, -0.026326585561037064, -0.17559479176998138, -0.32533684372901917, 0.024717604741454124, 0.014690889045596123, 0.22184348106384277, -0.04077460...	Public and private schools in Hyderabad are governed by the Central Board of Secondary Education and follow a "10+2+3" plan. About two-thirds of pupils attend privately run institutions. Languages of instruction include English, Hindi, Telugu and Urdu. Depending on the institution, students are required to sit the Seco...	When an ally of the Ü-Tsang ruler threatened destruction of the Gelugpas again, the fifth Dalai Lama Lozang Gyatso pleaded for help from the Mongol prince Güshi Khan (1582–1655), leader of the Khoshut (Qoshot) tribe of the Oirat Mongols, who was then on a pilgrimage to Lhasa. Güshi Khan accepted his role as protector, ...	The Mongols learned from captives of the abundant green pastures beyond the Bulgar territory, allowing for the planning for conquest of Hungary and Europe. Genghis Khan recalled Subutai back to Mongolia soon afterwards, and Jebe died on the road back to Samarkand. The famous cavalry expedition led by Subutai and Jebe, ...	pyramids of severed heads	93,816
5726c7a85951b619008f7ddd	Genghis_Khan	The city of Bukhara was not heavily fortified, with a moat and a single wall, and the citadel typical of Khwarezmi cities. The city leaders opened the gates to the Mongols, though a unit of Turkish defenders held the city's citadel for another twelve days. Survivors from the citadel were executed, artisans and craftsme...	How did the leaders of the city of Bukhara respond to the Mongol attack?	{ "answer_start": [ 140, 140, 140 ], "text": [ "opened the gates", "opened the gates to the Mongols", "opened the gates to the Mongols" ] }	How did the leaders of the city of [MASK] respond to the [MASK] attack?	[ -0.03262954205274582, -0.13538436591625214, -0.02522064559161663, 0.2668374478816986, -0.41112929582595825, 0.06153203919529915, 0.1774381697177887, -0.3417842388153076, 0.1246364414691925, -0.13415087759494781, -0.270626962184906, 0.17348860204219818, -0.3522096276283264, -0.1249096542596...	Few species of reptiles or amphibians are found in Great Britain or Ireland. Only three snakes are native to Great Britain: the common European adder, the grass snake and the smooth snake; none are native to Ireland. In general, Great Britain has slightly more variation and native wild life, with weasels, polecats, wil...	As a result, by 1206 Temüjin had managed to unite or subdue the Merkits, Naimans, Mongols, Keraites, Tatars, Uyghurs, and other disparate smaller tribes under his rule. It was a monumental feat for the "Mongols" (as they became known collectively). At a Khuruldai, a council of Mongol chiefs, Temüjin was acknowledged as...	In another incident, around 1177, he was captured in a raid and held prisoner by his father's former allies, the Tayichi'ud. The Tayichi'ud enslaved Temüjin (reportedly with a cangue, a sort of portable stocks), but with the help of a sympathetic guard, the father of Chilaun (who later became a general of Genghis Khan)...	opened the gates	93,817
5726c7a85951b619008f7dde	Genghis_Khan	The city of Bukhara was not heavily fortified, with a moat and a single wall, and the citadel typical of Khwarezmi cities. The city leaders opened the gates to the Mongols, though a unit of Turkish defenders held the city's citadel for another twelve days. Survivors from the citadel were executed, artisans and craftsme...	Who continued to hold the citadel of Bukhara after the Mongols took the rest of the city?	{ "answer_start": [ 180, 180, 190 ], "text": [ "a unit of Turkish defenders", "a unit of Turkish defenders", "Turkish defenders" ] }	Who continued to hold the citadel of [MASK] after the [MASK] took the rest of the city?	[ -0.09851531684398651, -0.1406475156545639, -0.041429586708545685, 0.34910497069358826, -0.12716202437877655, 0.14699798822402954, 0.20090194046497345, -0.18745079636573792, -0.09654083102941513, 0.08459009975194931, -0.29157841205596924, 0.1945246309041977, -0.09227776527404785, 0.14169894...	The Valencian economy recovered during the 18th century with the rising manufacture of woven silk and ceramic tiles. The Palau de Justícia is an example of the affluence manifested in the most prosperous times of Bourbon rule (1758–1802) during the rule of Charles III. The 18th century was the age of the Enlightenment ...	As a result, by 1206 Temüjin had managed to unite or subdue the Merkits, Naimans, Mongols, Keraites, Tatars, Uyghurs, and other disparate smaller tribes under his rule. It was a monumental feat for the "Mongols" (as they became known collectively). At a Khuruldai, a council of Mongol chiefs, Temüjin was acknowledged as...	Kublai Khan did not conquer the Song dynasty in South China until 1279, so Tibet was a component of the early Mongol Empire before it was combined into one of its descendant empires with the whole of China under the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368). Van Praag writes that this conquest "marked the end of independent China," whi...	a unit of Turkish defenders	93,818
5726c7a85951b619008f7ddf	Genghis_Khan	The city of Bukhara was not heavily fortified, with a moat and a single wall, and the citadel typical of Khwarezmi cities. The city leaders opened the gates to the Mongols, though a unit of Turkish defenders held the city's citadel for another twelve days. Survivors from the citadel were executed, artisans and craftsme...	Which residents of Bukhara were spared and sent back to Mongolia?	{ "answer_start": [ 299, 299, 299 ], "text": [ "artisans and craftsmen", "artisans and craftsmen", "artisans and craftsmen" ] }	Which residents of [MASK] were spared and sent back to [MASK]?	[ 0.18769271671772003, -0.09842418134212494, -0.16072066128253937, 0.24991540610790253, 0.15552003681659698, 0.39353832602500916, 0.36471253633499146, -0.2571650743484497, -0.33726927638053894, -0.08971712738275528, -0.5762109756469727, -0.021791964769363403, -0.34020698070526123, -0.0689670...	The state song was not composed until 21 years after statehood, when a musical troupe led by Joseph E. Howard stopped in Butte in September 1910. A former member of the troupe who lived in Butte buttonholed Howard at an after-show party, asking him to compose a song about Montana and got another partygoer, the city edi...	As a result, by 1206 Temüjin had managed to unite or subdue the Merkits, Naimans, Mongols, Keraites, Tatars, Uyghurs, and other disparate smaller tribes under his rule. It was a monumental feat for the "Mongols" (as they became known collectively). At a Khuruldai, a council of Mongol chiefs, Temüjin was acknowledged as...	In another incident, around 1177, he was captured in a raid and held prisoner by his father's former allies, the Tayichi'ud. The Tayichi'ud enslaved Temüjin (reportedly with a cangue, a sort of portable stocks), but with the help of a sympathetic guard, the father of Chilaun (who later became a general of Genghis Khan)...	artisans and craftsmen	93,819
5726c7a85951b619008f7de0	Genghis_Khan	The city of Bukhara was not heavily fortified, with a moat and a single wall, and the citadel typical of Khwarezmi cities. The city leaders opened the gates to the Mongols, though a unit of Turkish defenders held the city's citadel for another twelve days. Survivors from the citadel were executed, artisans and craftsme...	How did Genghis Khan describe himself to the people of Bukhara?	{ "answer_start": [ 687, 687, 687 ], "text": [ "the flail of God", "the flail of God", "the flail of God," ] }	How did [MASK] describe himself to the people of [MASK]?	[ 0.09053321927785873, 0.16161948442459106, -0.17909502983093262, 0.1497936248779297, -0.0363558791577816, 0.32239410281181335, 0.33550289273262024, -0.06936449557542801, -0.19193613529205322, -0.0701618418097496, -0.2433517873287201, -0.023485448211431503, -0.2641640901565552, -0.1757464259...	The Space Race was a 20th-century competition between two Cold War rivals, the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (US), for supremacy in spaceflight capability. It had its origins in the missile-based nuclear arms race between the two nations that occurred following World War II, enabled by captured German rocke...	As a result, by 1206 Temüjin had managed to unite or subdue the Merkits, Naimans, Mongols, Keraites, Tatars, Uyghurs, and other disparate smaller tribes under his rule. It was a monumental feat for the "Mongols" (as they became known collectively). At a Khuruldai, a council of Mongol chiefs, Temüjin was acknowledged as...	In another incident, around 1177, he was captured in a raid and held prisoner by his father's former allies, the Tayichi'ud. The Tayichi'ud enslaved Temüjin (reportedly with a cangue, a sort of portable stocks), but with the help of a sympathetic guard, the father of Chilaun (who later became a general of Genghis Khan)...	the flail of God	93,820
5726c7a85951b619008f7de1	Genghis_Khan	The city of Bukhara was not heavily fortified, with a moat and a single wall, and the citadel typical of Khwarezmi cities. The city leaders opened the gates to the Mongols, though a unit of Turkish defenders held the city's citadel for another twelve days. Survivors from the citadel were executed, artisans and craftsme...	Who among the population of Bukhara became part of the Mongolian army?	{ "answer_start": [ 350, 350, 350 ], "text": [ "young men who had not fought", "young men who had not fought", "young men who had not fought" ] }	Who among the population of [MASK] became part of the [MASK] army?	[ 0.07716818898916245, -0.023471474647521973, 0.028503254055976868, 0.287844181060791, -0.20311704277992249, 0.43427687883377075, 0.09589749574661255, -0.20444424450397491, -0.26094353199005127, 0.038387224078178406, -0.2575119137763977, 0.00043573215953074396, -0.23522202670574188, -0.12259...	During the 1960s and 1970s, the city gained a reputation as an important center for liberal politics. Ann Arbor also became a locus for left-wing activism and served as a hub for the civil-rights movement and anti-Vietnam War movement, as well as the student movement. The first major meetings of the national left-wing ...	As a result, by 1206 Temüjin had managed to unite or subdue the Merkits, Naimans, Mongols, Keraites, Tatars, Uyghurs, and other disparate smaller tribes under his rule. It was a monumental feat for the "Mongols" (as they became known collectively). At a Khuruldai, a council of Mongol chiefs, Temüjin was acknowledged as...	Years before his death, Genghis Khan asked to be buried without markings, according to the customs of his tribe. After he died, his body was returned to Mongolia and presumably to his birthplace in Khentii Aimag, where many assume he is buried somewhere close to the Onon River and the Burkhan Khaldun mountain (part of ...	young men who had not fought	93,821
5726c9b0dd62a815002e9046	Genghis_Khan	After the defeat of the Khwarezmian Empire in 1220, Genghis Khan gathered his forces in Persia and Armenia to return to the Mongolian steppes. Under the suggestion of Subutai, the Mongol army was split into two forces. Genghis Khan led the main army on a raid through Afghanistan and northern India towards Mongolia, whi...	What year did the Khwarezmian Empire fall to Genghis Khan?	{ "answer_start": [ 46, 46, 46 ], "text": [ "1220", "1220", "1220," ] }	What year did [MASK] fall to [MASK]?	[ -0.2394082248210907, 0.0812215805053711, -0.19993773102760315, 0.30854570865631104, -0.07126151025295258, 0.11421196907758713, 0.34882229566574097, 0.14034385979175568, -0.1850607842206955, 0.16337010264396667, 0.037273310124874115, -0.02041308768093586, 0.06585115939378738, 0.251918882131...	The implications are multiple as various research traditions are now[when?] heavily utilizing the lens of identity to examine phenomena.[citation needed] One implication of identity and of identity construction can be seen in occupational settings. This becomes increasing challenging in stigmatized jobs or "dirty work"...	The Chronicle provides a mythic tale of Oleg's death. A sorcerer prophesies that the death of the Grand Prince would be associated with a certain horse. Oleg has the horse sequestered, and it later dies. Oleg goes to visit the horse and stands over the carcass, gloating that he had outlived the threat, when a snake str...	From the late 1340s onwards, people in the countryside suffered from frequent natural disasters such as droughts, floods and the resulting famines, and the government's lack of effective policy led to a loss of popular support. In 1351, the Red Turban Rebellion started and grew into a nationwide uprising. In 1354, when...	1220	93,822
5726c9b0dd62a815002e9047	Genghis_Khan	After the defeat of the Khwarezmian Empire in 1220, Genghis Khan gathered his forces in Persia and Armenia to return to the Mongolian steppes. Under the suggestion of Subutai, the Mongol army was split into two forces. Genghis Khan led the main army on a raid through Afghanistan and northern India towards Mongolia, whi...	Whose plan called for the Mongolian army to split in two after the Khwarezmian conquest?	{ "answer_start": [ 167, 167, 167 ], "text": [ "Subutai", "Subutai", "Subutai" ] }	Whose plan called for the [MASK] army to split in [MASK] after the [MASK] conquest?	[ -0.19338946044445038, -0.367034912109375, -0.32268381118774414, 0.24438652396202087, -0.16643895208835602, 0.24996568262577057, 0.13235948979854584, -0.14992046356201172, -0.15202854573726654, -0.04894595593214035, -0.45055127143859863, 0.0922924056649208, -0.0915195643901825, 0.0057824663...	Sociocultural anthropology has been heavily influenced by structuralist and postmodern theories, as well as a shift toward the analysis of modern societies. During the 1970s and 1990s, there was an epistemological shift away from the positivist traditions that had largely informed the discipline.[page needed] During th...	The Chronicle provides a mythic tale of Oleg's death. A sorcerer prophesies that the death of the Grand Prince would be associated with a certain horse. Oleg has the horse sequestered, and it later dies. Oleg goes to visit the horse and stands over the carcass, gloating that he had outlived the threat, when a snake str...	As Jamukha and Temüjin drifted apart in their friendship, each began consolidating power, and soon became rivals. Jamukha supported the traditional Mongolian aristocracy, while Temüjin followed a meritocratic method, and attracted a broader, though lower class, range of followers. Due to his earlier defeat of the Merki...	Subutai	93,823
5726c9b0dd62a815002e9048	Genghis_Khan	After the defeat of the Khwarezmian Empire in 1220, Genghis Khan gathered his forces in Persia and Armenia to return to the Mongolian steppes. Under the suggestion of Subutai, the Mongol army was split into two forces. Genghis Khan led the main army on a raid through Afghanistan and northern India towards Mongolia, whi...	Where did Jebe and Subutai spend the winter following the split of the Mongol army?	{ "answer_start": [ 601, 610, 399 ], "text": [ "near the Black Sea", "Black Sea", "Russia" ] }	Where did [MASK] and [MASK] spend [MASK] following the split of the [MASK] army?	[ 0.27941039204597473, 0.11679622530937195, -0.16355837881565094, 0.19298908114433289, 0.13224492967128754, 0.019076015800237656, 0.09067164361476898, -0.11468370258808136, -0.0780731812119484, -0.10686030238866806, -0.34683433175086975, -0.17099972069263458, 0.2620072364807129, -0.006155851...	Since the 1980s, as the complexity of buildings began to increase (in terms of structural systems, services, energy and technologies), the field of architecture became multi-disciplinary with specializations for each project type, technological expertise or project delivery methods. In addition, there has been an incre...	The Chronicle provides a mythic tale of Oleg's death. A sorcerer prophesies that the death of the Grand Prince would be associated with a certain horse. Oleg has the horse sequestered, and it later dies. Oleg goes to visit the horse and stands over the carcass, gloating that he had outlived the threat, when a snake str...	Despite the tribute and a negotiation between Laoshang Chanyu (r. 174–160 BC) and Emperor Wen (r. 180–157 BC) to reopen border markets, many of the Chanyu's Xiongnu subordinates chose not to obey the treaty and periodically raided Han territories south of the Great Wall for additional goods. In a court conference assem...	near the Black Sea	93,824
5726c9b0dd62a815002e9049	Genghis_Khan	After the defeat of the Khwarezmian Empire in 1220, Genghis Khan gathered his forces in Persia and Armenia to return to the Mongolian steppes. Under the suggestion of Subutai, the Mongol army was split into two forces. Genghis Khan led the main army on a raid through Afghanistan and northern India towards Mongolia, whi...	Where was the Kievian force that confronted Subutai's army defeated in 1223?	{ "answer_start": [ 996, 996, 996 ], "text": [ "Kalka River", "Kalka River", "Kalka River" ] }	Where was the [MASK] force that confronted [MASK] 's army defeated in [MASK]?	[ -0.3951135575771332, -0.09748077392578125, 0.07763834297657013, 0.41174182295799255, -0.03873978927731514, 0.19096191227436066, 0.15812921524047852, -0.22361472249031067, 0.005304196383804083, -0.1877458244562149, -0.237006276845932, 0.2685087025165558, 0.17899830639362335, -0.125228330492...	Portugal has arguably the most liberal laws concerning possession of illicit drugs in the Western world. In 2001, Portugal decriminalized possession of effectively all drugs that are still illegal in other developed nations including, but not limited to, cannabis, cocaine, heroin, and LSD. While possession is legal, tr...	The Chronicle provides a mythic tale of Oleg's death. A sorcerer prophesies that the death of the Grand Prince would be associated with a certain horse. Oleg has the horse sequestered, and it later dies. Oleg goes to visit the horse and stands over the carcass, gloating that he had outlived the threat, when a snake str...	Shortly after he learned of the failure of Menshikov's diplomacy toward the end of June 1853, the Tsar sent armies under the commands of Field Marshal Ivan Paskevich and General Mikhail Gorchakov across the Pruth River into the Ottoman-controlled Danubian Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia. Fewer than half of the...	Kalka River	93,825
5726c9b0dd62a815002e904a	Genghis_Khan	After the defeat of the Khwarezmian Empire in 1220, Genghis Khan gathered his forces in Persia and Armenia to return to the Mongolian steppes. Under the suggestion of Subutai, the Mongol army was split into two forces. Genghis Khan led the main army on a raid through Afghanistan and northern India towards Mongolia, whi...	Who led the Kievian Rus' troops against Subutai's Mongol army?	{ "answer_start": [ 761, 761, 761 ], "text": [ "Mstislav the Bold of Halych and Mstislav III of Kiev", "Mstislav the Bold of Halych and Mstislav III of Kiev", "Mstislav the Bold of Halych and Mstislav III of Kiev" ] }	Who led [MASK] ' troops against [MASK] 's [MASK] army?	[ -0.09224378317594528, -0.04466162994503975, -0.08282888680696487, 0.34722650051116943, -0.07837840914726257, 0.29045528173446655, 0.14252354204654694, -0.3278931975364685, -0.09328804910182953, -0.03138366714119911, -0.24189169704914093, 0.2342492789030075, -0.04884302616119385, -0.1336824...	On the Origin of Species was first published on Thursday 24 November 1859, priced at fifteen shillings with a first printing of 1250 copies. The book had been offered to booksellers at Murray's autumn sale on Tuesday 22 November, and all available copies had been taken up immediately. In total, 1,250 copies were printe...	The Chronicle provides a mythic tale of Oleg's death. A sorcerer prophesies that the death of the Grand Prince would be associated with a certain horse. Oleg has the horse sequestered, and it later dies. Oleg goes to visit the horse and stands over the carcass, gloating that he had outlived the threat, when a snake str...	Kublai Khan did not conquer the Song dynasty in South China until 1279, so Tibet was a component of the early Mongol Empire before it was combined into one of its descendant empires with the whole of China under the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368). Van Praag writes that this conquest "marked the end of independent China," whi...	Mstislav the Bold of Halych and Mstislav III of Kiev	93,826
57272bcb5951b619008f8683	Genghis_Khan	The Mongols learned from captives of the abundant green pastures beyond the Bulgar territory, allowing for the planning for conquest of Hungary and Europe. Genghis Khan recalled Subutai back to Mongolia soon afterwards, and Jebe died on the road back to Samarkand. The famous cavalry expedition led by Subutai and Jebe, ...	Which Mongol leader completed the conquest of Kievan Rus'?	{ "answer_start": [ 883, 883, 859 ], "text": [ "Batu", "Batu", "Genghis Khan's grandson Batu" ] }	Which [MASK] leader completed the conquest of [MASK]?	[ -0.3467054069042206, 0.057163458317518234, -0.13151562213897705, 0.3797452449798584, -0.015405415557324886, 0.1269080936908722, 0.11818055808544159, -0.120363250374794, -0.1882798969745636, 0.05164641886949539, -0.1875823587179184, 0.0365179218351841, 0.04437936097383499, -0.06496416777372...	The Earth contains about 434 billion cubic meters of growing stock forest, 47% of which is commercial. As an abundant, carbon-neutral renewable resource, woody materials have been of intense interest as a source of renewable energy. In 1991, approximately 3.5 cubic kilometers of wood were harvested. Dominant uses were ...	From the late 1340s onwards, people in the countryside suffered from frequent natural disasters such as droughts, floods and the resulting famines, and the government's lack of effective policy led to a loss of popular support. In 1351, the Red Turban Rebellion started and grew into a nationwide uprising. In 1354, when...	In 1227, Genghis Khan's army attacked and destroyed the Tangut capital of Ning Hia and continued to advance, seizing Lintiao-fu, Xining province, Xindu-fu, and Deshun province in quick succession in the spring. At Deshun, the Tangut general Ma Jianlong put up a fierce resistance for several days and personally led char...	Batu	93,827
57272bcb5951b619008f8684	Genghis_Khan	The Mongols learned from captives of the abundant green pastures beyond the Bulgar territory, allowing for the planning for conquest of Hungary and Europe. Genghis Khan recalled Subutai back to Mongolia soon afterwards, and Jebe died on the road back to Samarkand. The famous cavalry expedition led by Subutai and Jebe, ...	By what name was the Mongol army that finally conquered Bulgaria known?	{ "answer_start": [ 892, 896, 892 ], "text": [ "the Golden Horde", "Golden Horde", "the Golden Horde" ] }	By what name was the [MASK] army that finally conquered [MASK] known?	[ -0.28729772567749023, -0.007577737793326378, -0.17035271227359772, 0.2398625612258911, -0.13589060306549072, 0.23507444560527802, 0.12744726240634918, 0.06274671852588654, -0.22053195536136627, 0.1545902043581009, -0.28260666131973267, -0.11235532909631729, 0.08959830552339554, 0.131275504...	There were guilds of dyers who specialized in red in Venice and other large Europeans cities. The Rubia plant was used to make the most common dye; it produced an orange-red or brick red color used to dye the clothes of merchants and artisans. For the wealthy, the dye used was Kermes, made from a tiny scale insect whic...	From the late 1340s onwards, people in the countryside suffered from frequent natural disasters such as droughts, floods and the resulting famines, and the government's lack of effective policy led to a loss of popular support. In 1351, the Red Turban Rebellion started and grew into a nationwide uprising. In 1354, when...	He came to power by uniting many of the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia. After founding the Mongol Empire and being proclaimed "Genghis Khan", he started the Mongol invasions that resulted in the conquest of most of Eurasia. These included raids or invasions of the Qara Khitai, Caucasus, Khwarezmid Empire, Western Xia...	the Golden Horde	93,828
57272bcb5951b619008f8685	Genghis_Khan	The Mongols learned from captives of the abundant green pastures beyond the Bulgar territory, allowing for the planning for conquest of Hungary and Europe. Genghis Khan recalled Subutai back to Mongolia soon afterwards, and Jebe died on the road back to Samarkand. The famous cavalry expedition led by Subutai and Jebe, ...	Which two Mongol leaders added Persia to the Mongol Empire?	{ "answer_start": [ 302, 302, 302 ], "text": [ "Subutai and Jebe", "Subutai and Jebe", "Subutai and Jebe" ] }	Which [MASK] [MASK] leaders added [MASK] to [MASK]?	[ 0.2027450054883957, 0.13386154174804688, -0.06447041034698486, 0.2536550462245941, 0.013750084675848484, 0.21950161457061768, 0.082559734582901, -0.2900139093399048, -0.2279500514268875, -0.07987091690301895, -0.1678125113248825, 0.08789192885160446, -0.2658921480178833, -0.006400749087333...	When Cowan Powers and his family recorded their old-time music from 1924-1926, his daughter Orpha Powers was one of the earliest known southern-music artists to record with the mandolin. By the 1930s, single mandolins were becoming more commonly used in southern string band music, most notably by brother duets such as ...	From the late 1340s onwards, people in the countryside suffered from frequent natural disasters such as droughts, floods and the resulting famines, and the government's lack of effective policy led to a loss of popular support. In 1351, the Red Turban Rebellion started and grew into a nationwide uprising. In 1354, when...	Möngke Khan commenced a military campaign against the Chinese Song dynasty in southern China. The Mongol force that invaded southern China was far greater than the force they sent to invade the Middle East in 1256. He died in 1259 without a successor. Kublai returned from fighting the Song in 1260 when he learned that ...	Subutai and Jebe	93,829
57272bcb5951b619008f8686	Genghis_Khan	The Mongols learned from captives of the abundant green pastures beyond the Bulgar territory, allowing for the planning for conquest of Hungary and Europe. Genghis Khan recalled Subutai back to Mongolia soon afterwards, and Jebe died on the road back to Samarkand. The famous cavalry expedition led by Subutai and Jebe, ...	When did Subutai's army return to Mongolia?	{ "answer_start": [ 681, 681, 681 ], "text": [ "1225", "1225", "1225" ] }	When did [MASK] 's army return to [MASK]?	[ 0.015864485874772072, 0.16676065325737, 0.18053178489208221, 0.255278080701828, -0.11030453443527222, 0.09900447726249695, 0.2930585741996765, -0.01293118018656969, -0.09194139391183853, -0.0819917842745781, -0.365827739238739, -0.0693591758608818, 0.05919497087597847, -0.01586673036217689...	There are 13 universities in Hyderabad: two private universities, two deemed universities, six state universities and three central universities. The central universities are the University of Hyderabad, Maulana Azad National Urdu University and the English and Foreign Languages University. Osmania University, establis...	From the late 1340s onwards, people in the countryside suffered from frequent natural disasters such as droughts, floods and the resulting famines, and the government's lack of effective policy led to a loss of popular support. In 1351, the Red Turban Rebellion started and grew into a nationwide uprising. In 1354, when...	It was temporarily under the control of the Tibetan empire and Chinese from 650–680 and then under the control of the Umayyads in 710. The Samanid Empire, 819 to 999, restored Persian control of the region and enlarged the cities of Samarkand and Bukhara (both cities are today part of Uzbekistan) which became the cultu...	1225	93,830
57272bcb5951b619008f8687	Genghis_Khan	The Mongols learned from captives of the abundant green pastures beyond the Bulgar territory, allowing for the planning for conquest of Hungary and Europe. Genghis Khan recalled Subutai back to Mongolia soon afterwards, and Jebe died on the road back to Samarkand. The famous cavalry expedition led by Subutai and Jebe, ...	Where did Jebe die?	{ "answer_start": [ 234, 234, 237 ], "text": [ "on the road back to Samarkand", "on the road back to Samarkand", "the road back to Samarkand" ] }	Where did [MASK] die?	[ 0.12179149687290192, 0.05333346128463745, -0.013364269398152828, 0.15923745930194855, 0.21730005741119385, 0.19603925943374634, 0.2938501536846161, -0.08555217832326889, -0.11254826188087463, 0.029572075232863426, -0.3005833625793457, -0.22720196843147278, 0.030638672411441803, 0.080862753...	Some USB devices require more power than is permitted by the specifications for a single port. This is common for external hard and optical disc drives, and generally for devices with motors or lamps. Such devices can use an external power supply, which is allowed by the standard, or use a dual-input USB cable, one inp...	From the late 1340s onwards, people in the countryside suffered from frequent natural disasters such as droughts, floods and the resulting famines, and the government's lack of effective policy led to a loss of popular support. In 1351, the Red Turban Rebellion started and grew into a nationwide uprising. In 1354, when...	In another incident, around 1177, he was captured in a raid and held prisoner by his father's former allies, the Tayichi'ud. The Tayichi'ud enslaved Temüjin (reportedly with a cangue, a sort of portable stocks), but with the help of a sympathetic guard, the father of Chilaun (who later became a general of Genghis Khan)...	on the road back to Samarkand	93,831
57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43a	Genghis_Khan	In 1226, immediately after returning from the west, Genghis Khan began a retaliatory attack on the Tanguts. His armies quickly took Heisui, Ganzhou, and Suzhou (not the Suzhou in Jiangsu province), and in the autumn he took Xiliang-fu[disambiguation needed]. One of the Tangut generals challenged the Mongols to a battle...	In which year did Genghis Khan strike against the Tanguts?	{ "answer_start": [ 3, 3, 3 ], "text": [ "1226", "1226", "1226" ] }	In which year did [MASK] strike against the [MASK]?	[ 0.15390266478061676, -0.09059358388185501, -0.2863421142101288, 0.013579851016402245, -0.2958509922027588, 0.27733951807022095, -0.08956973999738693, -0.13709665834903717, -0.0758284255862236, 0.22666893899440765, -0.019823705777525902, 0.3047173321247101, -0.30751222372055054, 0.407334953...	In the 2005 OECD report for Greece, it was clearly stated that "the impact of new accounting rules on the fiscal figures for the years 1997 to 1999 ranged from 0.7 to 1 percentage point of GDP; this retroactive change of methodology was responsible for the revised deficit exceeding 3% in 1999, the year of [Greece's] EM...	The Mongol army under Genghis Khan, generals and his sons crossed the Tien Shan mountains by entering the area controlled by the Khwarezmian Empire. After compiling intelligence from many sources Genghis Khan carefully prepared his army, which was divided into three groups. His son Jochi led the first division into the...	In the middle of the 17th century, the peasant rebel leader Zhang Xianzhong (1606–1646) from Yan'an, Shanxi Province, nicknamed Yellow Tiger, led his peasant troop from north China to the south, and conquered Sichuan. Upon capturing it, he declared himself emperor of the Daxi Dynasty (大西王朝). In response to the resistan...	1226	93,832
57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43b	Genghis_Khan	In 1226, immediately after returning from the west, Genghis Khan began a retaliatory attack on the Tanguts. His armies quickly took Heisui, Ganzhou, and Suzhou (not the Suzhou in Jiangsu province), and in the autumn he took Xiliang-fu[disambiguation needed]. One of the Tangut generals challenged the Mongols to a battle...	What season was it when Genghis Khan took Xiliang-fu from the Tanguts?	{ "answer_start": [ 209, 209, 209 ], "text": [ "autumn", "autumn", "autumn" ] }	What season was it when [MASK] took [MASK] from the [MASK]?	[ -0.11064615845680237, -0.16027942299842834, -0.04693976789712906, 0.21876458823680878, -0.03046003356575966, 0.04311411455273628, 0.18148981034755707, 0.11575880646705627, -0.1358828991651535, 0.1366027146577835, -0.11900457739830017, 0.01566457748413086, -0.036960773169994354, 0.054250441...	From the 1950s on, many areas of the Great Plains have become productive crop-growing areas because of extensive irrigation on large landholdings. The United States is a major exporter of agricultural products. The southern portion of the Great Plains lies over the Ogallala Aquifer, a huge underground layer of water-be...	The Mongol army under Genghis Khan, generals and his sons crossed the Tien Shan mountains by entering the area controlled by the Khwarezmian Empire. After compiling intelligence from many sources Genghis Khan carefully prepared his army, which was divided into three groups. His son Jochi led the first division into the...	To the north of China proper, the nomadic Xiongnu chieftain Modu Chanyu (r. 209–174 BC) conquered various tribes inhabiting the eastern portion of the Eurasian Steppe. By the end of his reign, he controlled Manchuria, Mongolia, and the Tarim Basin, subjugating over twenty states east of Samarkand. Emperor Gaozu was tro...	autumn	93,833
57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43c	Genghis_Khan	In 1226, immediately after returning from the west, Genghis Khan began a retaliatory attack on the Tanguts. His armies quickly took Heisui, Ganzhou, and Suzhou (not the Suzhou in Jiangsu province), and in the autumn he took Xiliang-fu[disambiguation needed]. One of the Tangut generals challenged the Mongols to a battle...	Who won the battle near the Helan mountains?	{ "answer_start": [ 297, 301, 297 ], "text": [ "the Mongols", "Mongols", "the Mongols" ] }	Who won the battle near [MASK]?	[ -0.34325623512268066, -0.15898333489894867, 0.13727259635925293, 0.32810038328170776, 0.08850280940532684, 0.2412482053041458, 0.12941232323646545, -0.3230811059474945, 0.08493688702583313, -0.13144414126873016, -0.27965104579925537, 0.2639450132846832, 0.13829050958156586, -0.010587325319...	Hirsch held the opinion that Judaism demands an application of Torah thought to the entire realm of human experience, including the secular disciplines. His approach was termed the Torah im Derech Eretz approach, or "neo-Orthodoxy". While insisting on strict adherence to Jewish beliefs and practices, he held that Jews ...	The Mongol army under Genghis Khan, generals and his sons crossed the Tien Shan mountains by entering the area controlled by the Khwarezmian Empire. After compiling intelligence from many sources Genghis Khan carefully prepared his army, which was divided into three groups. His son Jochi led the first division into the...	The Mongols' conquest, even by their own standards, was brutal. After the capital Samarkand fell, the capital was moved to Bukhara by the remaining men, while Genghis Khan ordered two of his generals and their forces to completely destroy the remnants of the Khwarezmid Empire, including not only royal buildings, but en...	the Mongols	93,834
57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43d	Genghis_Khan	In 1226, immediately after returning from the west, Genghis Khan began a retaliatory attack on the Tanguts. His armies quickly took Heisui, Ganzhou, and Suzhou (not the Suzhou in Jiangsu province), and in the autumn he took Xiliang-fu[disambiguation needed]. One of the Tangut generals challenged the Mongols to a battle...	What river did Genghis Khan cross before defeating the main Tangut army?	{ "answer_start": [ 432, 436, 436 ], "text": [ "the Yellow River", "Yellow River", "Yellow River" ] }	What river did [MASK] cross before defeating the main [MASK] army?	[ -0.18250511586666107, -0.0540529228746891, -0.017777705565094948, 0.48752859234809875, 0.05680058151483536, 0.4013778269290924, 0.48135727643966675, -0.22116853296756744, 0.0026322496123611927, -0.13456444442272186, -0.06639520823955536, 0.1375192403793335, 0.12576940655708313, -0.31813329...	DNA replication is for the most part extremely accurate, however errors (mutations) do occur.:7.6 The error rate in eukaryotic cells can be as low as 10−8 per nucleotide per replication, whereas for some RNA viruses it can be as high as 10−3. This means that each generation, each human genome accumulates 1–2 new mutati...	The Mongol army under Genghis Khan, generals and his sons crossed the Tien Shan mountains by entering the area controlled by the Khwarezmian Empire. After compiling intelligence from many sources Genghis Khan carefully prepared his army, which was divided into three groups. His son Jochi led the first division into the...	Shortly after the unification of the region, the Western Jin dynasty collapsed. First the rebellions by eight Jin princes for the throne and later rebellions and invasion from Xiongnu and other nomadic peoples that destroyed the rule of the Jin dynasty in the north. In 317, remnants of the Jin court, as well as nobles ...	the Yellow River	93,835
57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43e	Genghis_Khan	In 1226, immediately after returning from the west, Genghis Khan began a retaliatory attack on the Tanguts. His armies quickly took Heisui, Ganzhou, and Suzhou (not the Suzhou in Jiangsu province), and in the autumn he took Xiliang-fu[disambiguation needed]. One of the Tangut generals challenged the Mongols to a battle...	What omen was Genghis Khan reported to have seen assuring his coming victory against the Tanguts?	{ "answer_start": [ 550, 550, 550 ], "text": [ "a line of five stars arranged in the sky", "a line of five stars", "a line of five stars arranged in the sky" ] }	What omen was [MASK] reported to have seen assuring his coming victory against the [MASK]?	[ -0.025434104725718498, 0.18274585902690887, -0.20280881226062775, 0.020569434389472008, 0.09943953901529312, 0.32959020137786865, 0.28286340832710266, -0.057274963706731796, 0.059778179973363876, -0.3568499684333801, -0.18480919301509857, 0.1497231274843216, 0.12056709080934525, -0.0969732...	As a more urban culture developed, academies provided a means of transmission for speculative and philosophical literature in early civilizations, resulting in the prevalence of literature in Ancient China, Ancient India, Persia and Ancient Greece and Rome. Many works of earlier periods, even in narrative form, had a c...	The Mongol army under Genghis Khan, generals and his sons crossed the Tien Shan mountains by entering the area controlled by the Khwarezmian Empire. After compiling intelligence from many sources Genghis Khan carefully prepared his army, which was divided into three groups. His son Jochi led the first division into the...	The Mongols' conquest, even by their own standards, was brutal. After the capital Samarkand fell, the capital was moved to Bukhara by the remaining men, while Genghis Khan ordered two of his generals and their forces to completely destroy the remnants of the Khwarezmid Empire, including not only royal buildings, but en...	a line of five stars arranged in the sky	93,836
57272dd55951b619008f8697	Genghis_Khan	In 1227, Genghis Khan's army attacked and destroyed the Tangut capital of Ning Hia and continued to advance, seizing Lintiao-fu, Xining province, Xindu-fu, and Deshun province in quick succession in the spring. At Deshun, the Tangut general Ma Jianlong put up a fierce resistance for several days and personally led char...	What was the name of the Tangut capital?	{ "answer_start": [ 74, 74, 74 ], "text": [ "Ning Hia", "Ning Hia", "Ning Hia" ] }	What was the name of the [MASK] capital?	[ -0.16943112015724182, -0.09080298990011215, 0.09414605051279068, 0.2028699517250061, -0.20257602632045746, 0.34097862243652344, 0.10401648283004761, 0.15792310237884521, -0.26262417435646057, -0.0012466545449569821, -0.23994380235671997, -0.2660403251647949, -0.1265173852443695, 0.13628637...	In education, teachers facilitate student learning, often in a school or academy or perhaps in another environment such as outdoors. A teacher who teaches on an individual basis may be described as a tutor.	During the turbulent reign of Wang Mang, Han lost control over the Tarim Basin, which was conquered by the Northern Xiongnu in AD 63 and used as a base to invade Han's Hexi Corridor in Gansu. Dou Gu (d. 88 AD) defeated the Northern Xiongnu at the Battle of Yiwulu in AD 73, evicting them from Turpan and chasing them as ...	Contrary to popular belief, Genghis Khan did not conquer all the areas ultimately part of the Mongol Empire. At the time of his death, the Mongol Empire stretched from the Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan. The empire's expansion continued for a generation or more after Genghis's death in 1227. Under Genghis's successor ...	Ning Hia	93,837
57272dd55951b619008f8698	Genghis_Khan	In 1227, Genghis Khan's army attacked and destroyed the Tangut capital of Ning Hia and continued to advance, seizing Lintiao-fu, Xining province, Xindu-fu, and Deshun province in quick succession in the spring. At Deshun, the Tangut general Ma Jianlong put up a fierce resistance for several days and personally led char...	Who was the Tangut general who fought Genghis Khan at Deshun?	{ "answer_start": [ 241, 241, 241 ], "text": [ "Ma Jianlong", "Ma Jianlong", "Ma Jianlong" ] }	Who was the [MASK] general who fought [MASK] at [MASK]?	[ -0.15082824230194092, 0.10148756206035614, -0.18778982758522034, 0.43431130051612854, -0.17883746325969696, 0.3117404282093048, 0.14886073768138885, -0.09777101874351501, -0.000034200435038655996, 0.04026220738887787, -0.47770729660987854, 0.22374717891216278, 0.08980190008878708, -0.07536...	Oxygen condenses at 90.20 K (−182.95 °C, −297.31 °F), and freezes at 54.36 K (−218.79 °C, −361.82 °F). Both liquid and solid O 2 are clear substances with a light sky-blue color caused by absorption in the red (in contrast with the blue color of the sky, which is due to Rayleigh scattering of blue light). High-purity l...	During the turbulent reign of Wang Mang, Han lost control over the Tarim Basin, which was conquered by the Northern Xiongnu in AD 63 and used as a base to invade Han's Hexi Corridor in Gansu. Dou Gu (d. 88 AD) defeated the Northern Xiongnu at the Battle of Yiwulu in AD 73, evicting them from Turpan and chasing them as ...	In the early 13th century, the Khwarazmian dynasty was governed by Shah Ala ad-Din Muhammad. Genghis Khan saw the potential advantage in Khwarezmia as a commercial trading partner using the Silk Road, and he initially sent a 500-man caravan to establish official trade ties with the empire. However, Inalchuq, the govern...	Ma Jianlong	93,838
57272dd55951b619008f8699	Genghis_Khan	In 1227, Genghis Khan's army attacked and destroyed the Tangut capital of Ning Hia and continued to advance, seizing Lintiao-fu, Xining province, Xindu-fu, and Deshun province in quick succession in the spring. At Deshun, the Tangut general Ma Jianlong put up a fierce resistance for several days and personally led char...	What weapon caused the wounds that killed Tangut general Ma Jianlong?	{ "answer_start": [ 417, 417, 417 ], "text": [ "arrows", "arrows", "arrows" ] }	What weapon caused the wounds that killed [MASK] general [MASK]?	[ -0.12422190606594086, 0.3734193444252014, -0.2572590708732605, 0.36489802598953247, -0.06504951417446136, 0.2935972213745117, 0.3395209014415741, -0.582510232925415, 0.07623285055160522, 0.09577591717243195, -0.17135202884674072, 0.15733271837234497, -0.1694822609424591, 0.2632477581501007...	There has been much debate over categorizing the situation in Darfur as genocide. The ongoing conflict in Darfur, Sudan, which started in 2003, was declared a "genocide" by United States Secretary of State Colin Powell on 9 September 2004 in testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Since that time howev...	During the turbulent reign of Wang Mang, Han lost control over the Tarim Basin, which was conquered by the Northern Xiongnu in AD 63 and used as a base to invade Han's Hexi Corridor in Gansu. Dou Gu (d. 88 AD) defeated the Northern Xiongnu at the Battle of Yiwulu in AD 73, evicting them from Turpan and chasing them as ...	After strengthening his government in northern China, Kublai pursued an expansionist policy in line with the tradition of Mongol and Chinese imperialism. He renewed a massive drive against the Song dynasty to the south. Kublai besieged Xiangyang between 1268 and 1273, the last obstacle in his way to capture the rich Ya...	arrows	93,839
57272dd55951b619008f869a	Genghis_Khan	In 1227, Genghis Khan's army attacked and destroyed the Tangut capital of Ning Hia and continued to advance, seizing Lintiao-fu, Xining province, Xindu-fu, and Deshun province in quick succession in the spring. At Deshun, the Tangut general Ma Jianlong put up a fierce resistance for several days and personally led char...	Where did Genghis Khan spend the summer after taking Deshun?	{ "answer_start": [ 482, 482, 482 ], "text": [ "Liupanshan", "Liupanshan", "Liupanshan" ] }	Where did [MASK] spend [MASK] after taking [MASK]?	[ 0.3220575153827667, 0.06739090383052826, -0.11588291078805923, 0.25277969241142273, 0.28301626443862915, 0.11951400339603424, 0.022197796031832695, 0.1237136721611023, -0.07268624752759933, 0.1791347861289978, -0.17944951355457306, -0.16738112270832062, 0.15501517057418823, -0.239124506711...	In the early years of coverage the BBC had exclusive radio coverage with a picture of the pitch marked in the Radio Times with numbered squares to help the listener follow the match on the radio. The first FA Cup Final on Radio was in 1926 between Bolton Wanderers and Manchester City but this was only broadcast in Manc...	During the turbulent reign of Wang Mang, Han lost control over the Tarim Basin, which was conquered by the Northern Xiongnu in AD 63 and used as a base to invade Han's Hexi Corridor in Gansu. Dou Gu (d. 88 AD) defeated the Northern Xiongnu at the Battle of Yiwulu in AD 73, evicting them from Turpan and chasing them as ...	Years before his death, Genghis Khan asked to be buried without markings, according to the customs of his tribe. After he died, his body was returned to Mongolia and presumably to his birthplace in Khentii Aimag, where many assume he is buried somewhere close to the Onon River and the Burkhan Khaldun mountain (part of ...	Liupanshan	93,840
57272dd55951b619008f869b	Genghis_Khan	In 1227, Genghis Khan's army attacked and destroyed the Tangut capital of Ning Hia and continued to advance, seizing Lintiao-fu, Xining province, Xindu-fu, and Deshun province in quick succession in the spring. At Deshun, the Tangut general Ma Jianlong put up a fierce resistance for several days and personally led char...	What did Genghis Khan do to the Tangut imperial family after their surrender?	{ "answer_start": [ 778, 778, 778 ], "text": [ "executed", "executed", "executed" ] }	What did [MASK] do to the [MASK] imperial family after their surrender?	[ 0.030902361497282982, 0.28828614950180054, -0.21603554487228394, 0.19240312278270721, -0.0070246062241494656, 0.09942303597927094, 0.2594181001186371, -0.3265838623046875, -0.1122230663895607, 0.027068214491009712, -0.607875645160675, -0.05872661620378494, -0.030178913846611977, 0.19173464...	Various benefactions make it possible to give grants each year to boys who wish, for educational or cultural reasons, to work or travel abroad. These include the Busk Fund, which supports individual ventures that show particular initiative; the C.M. Wells Memorial Trust Fund, for the promotion of visits to classical la...	During the turbulent reign of Wang Mang, Han lost control over the Tarim Basin, which was conquered by the Northern Xiongnu in AD 63 and used as a base to invade Han's Hexi Corridor in Gansu. Dou Gu (d. 88 AD) defeated the Northern Xiongnu at the Battle of Yiwulu in AD 73, evicting them from Turpan and chasing them as ...	In 1211, after the conquest of Western Xia, Genghis Khan planned again to conquer the Jin dynasty. The commander of the Jin dynasty army made a tactical mistake in not attacking the Mongols at the first opportunity. Instead, the Jin commander sent a messenger, Ming-Tan, to the Mongol side, who defected and told the Mon...	executed	93,841
57272ec7f1498d1400e8f44e	Genghis_Khan	The succession of Genghis Khan was already a significant topic during the later years of his reign, as he reached old age. The long running paternity discussion about Genghis' oldest son Jochi was particularly contentious because of the seniority of Jochi among the brothers. According to traditional historical accounts...	The paternity of which of Genghis Khan's sons was disputed?	{ "answer_start": [ 250, 250, 187 ], "text": [ "Jochi", "Jochi", "Jochi" ] }	The paternity of which of [MASK] sons was disputed?	[ -0.1829347312450409, 0.1389027088880539, -0.3128320574760437, 0.13669869303703308, 0.25232696533203125, 0.44539639353752136, 0.1042741984128952, -0.018031276762485504, -0.14511695504188538, 0.24715222418308258, -0.16350051760673523, -0.01781231351196766, -0.12262684851884842, 0.23971799015...	In 1883, salt water taffy was conceived in Atlantic City by David Bradley. The traditional story is that Bradley's shop was flooded after a major storm, soaking his taffy with salty Atlantic Ocean water. He sold some "salt water taffy" to a girl, who proudly walked down to the beach to show her friends. Bradley's mothe...	The Yuan dynasty was the first time that non-native Chinese people ruled all of China. In the historiography of Mongolia, it is generally considered to be the continuation of the Mongol Empire. Mongols are widely known to worship the Eternal Heaven, and according to the traditional Mongolian ideology Yuan is considered...	When Yesün Temür died in Shangdu in 1328, Tugh Temür was recalled to Khanbaliq by the Qipchaq commander El Temür. He was installed as the emperor (Emperor Wenzong) in Khanbaliq, while Yesün Temür's son Ragibagh succeeded to the throne in Shangdu with the support of Yesün Temür's favorite retainer Dawlat Shah. Gaining s...	Jochi	93,842
57272ec7f1498d1400e8f44f	Genghis_Khan	The succession of Genghis Khan was already a significant topic during the later years of his reign, as he reached old age. The long running paternity discussion about Genghis' oldest son Jochi was particularly contentious because of the seniority of Jochi among the brothers. According to traditional historical accounts...	Which Mongol leader was most opposed to Jochi as Genghis Khan's successor?	{ "answer_start": [ 498, 383, 383 ], "text": [ "Chagatai", "Chagatai", "Chagatai" ] }	Which [MASK] leader was most opposed to [MASK] as [MASK] successor?	[ -0.281953364610672, -0.12719015777111053, -0.13194963335990906, 0.4254739582538605, -0.33709463477134705, 0.13830208778381348, 0.12640760838985443, -0.2323659509420395, -0.11898743361234665, 0.02330799400806427, -0.13345737755298615, 0.142629936337471, -0.19514991343021393, 0.1126731410622...	Market strategist Phil Dow believes distinctions exist "between the current market malaise" and the Great Depression. He says the Dow Jones average's fall of more than 50% over a period of 17 months is similar to a 54.7% fall in the Great Depression, followed by a total drop of 89% over the following 16 months. "It's v...	The Yuan dynasty was the first time that non-native Chinese people ruled all of China. In the historiography of Mongolia, it is generally considered to be the continuation of the Mongol Empire. Mongols are widely known to worship the Eternal Heaven, and according to the traditional Mongolian ideology Yuan is considered...	In another incident, around 1177, he was captured in a raid and held prisoner by his father's former allies, the Tayichi'ud. The Tayichi'ud enslaved Temüjin (reportedly with a cangue, a sort of portable stocks), but with the help of a sympathetic guard, the father of Chilaun (who later became a general of Genghis Khan)...	Chagatai	93,843
57272ec7f1498d1400e8f450	Genghis_Khan	The succession of Genghis Khan was already a significant topic during the later years of his reign, as he reached old age. The long running paternity discussion about Genghis' oldest son Jochi was particularly contentious because of the seniority of Jochi among the brothers. According to traditional historical accounts...	Before which military campaign did Chagatai publicly dispute Jochi's paternity?	{ "answer_start": [ 447, 447, 447 ], "text": [ "invasion of the Khwarezmid Empire", "invasion of the Khwarezmid Empire", "invasion of the Khwarezmid Empire" ] }	Before which military campaign did [MASK] publicly dispute [MASK] 's paternity?	[ -0.04246239364147186, 0.0009796707890927792, -0.4256341755390167, 0.3024936020374298, -0.05255743861198425, 0.44797518849372864, 0.09204696118831635, -0.24172598123550415, -0.004310443066060543, 0.1963658332824707, -0.027620038017630577, 0.02067960985004902, -0.06219157949090004, -0.133649...	In the latter half of his career Hayek made a number of contributions to social and political philosophy, which he based on his views on the limits of human knowledge, and the idea of spontaneous order in social institutions. He argues in favour of a society organised around a market order, in which the apparatus of st...	The Yuan dynasty was the first time that non-native Chinese people ruled all of China. In the historiography of Mongolia, it is generally considered to be the continuation of the Mongol Empire. Mongols are widely known to worship the Eternal Heaven, and according to the traditional Mongolian ideology Yuan is considered...	Dreyfus writes that after the Phagmodrupa lost its centralizing power over Tibet in 1434, several attempts by other families to establish hegemonies failed over the next two centuries until 1642 with the 5th Dalai Lama's effective hegemony over Tibet.	invasion of the Khwarezmid Empire	93,844
57272ec7f1498d1400e8f451	Genghis_Khan	The succession of Genghis Khan was already a significant topic during the later years of his reign, as he reached old age. The long running paternity discussion about Genghis' oldest son Jochi was particularly contentious because of the seniority of Jochi among the brothers. According to traditional historical accounts...	Who was appointed Genghis Khan's successor?	{ "answer_start": [ 670, 670, 670 ], "text": [ "Ögedei", "Ögedei", "Ögedei" ] }	Who was appointed [MASK] successor?	[ 0.010536144487559795, -0.11537844687700272, -0.011421266943216324, 0.49161553382873535, -0.03165649250149727, 0.09105311334133148, -0.04377284273505211, -0.3010677099227905, -0.24210311472415924, -0.0966598391532898, -0.23687027394771576, 0.18574772775173187, -0.18787029385566711, -0.12569...	Baden Powell praised "Mr Darwin's masterly volume [supporting] the grand principle of the self-evolving powers of nature". In America, Asa Gray argued that evolution is the secondary effect, or modus operandi, of the first cause, design, and published a pamphlet defending the book in terms of theistic evolution, Natura...	The Yuan dynasty was the first time that non-native Chinese people ruled all of China. In the historiography of Mongolia, it is generally considered to be the continuation of the Mongol Empire. Mongols are widely known to worship the Eternal Heaven, and according to the traditional Mongolian ideology Yuan is considered...	Accounts of Genghis Khan's life are marked by claims of a series of betrayals and conspiracies. These include rifts with his early allies such as Jamukha (who also wanted to be a ruler of Mongol tribes) and Wang Khan (his and his father's ally), his son Jochi, and problems with the most important shaman, who was allege...	Ögedei	93,845
57272ff2708984140094dabd	Genghis_Khan	Genghis Khan was aware of the friction between his sons (particularly between Chagatai and Jochi) and worried of possible conflict between them if he died. He therefore decided to divide his empire among his sons and make all of them Khan in their own right, while appointing one of his sons as his successor. Chagatai w...	Which pair of Genghis Khan's sons were most rivalrous?	{ "answer_start": [ 78, 78, 78 ], "text": [ "Chagatai and Jochi", "Chagatai and Jochi", "Chagatai and Jochi)" ] }	Which pair of [MASK] sons were most rivalrous?	[ -0.2679613530635834, 0.2504810392856598, -0.211316779255867, 0.32642149925231934, 0.022752951830625534, 0.38610583543777466, 0.10561077296733856, -0.13840492069721222, -0.09233228117227554, -0.14039166271686554, -0.058126676827669144, 0.17533938586711884, -0.15430118143558502, 0.0612551830...	15th Street starts at FDR Drive, and 16th Street starts at a dead end half way between FDR Drive and Avenue C. They are both stopped at Avenue C and continue from First Avenue to West Street, stopped again at Union Square, and 16th Street also pauses at Stuyvesant Square.	There are conflicting views of Genghis Khan in the People's Republic of China with some viewing him positively in the Inner Mongolia region where there are a monument and buildings about him and where there is a considerable number of Mongols in the area with a population of around 5 million, almost twice the populatio...	When the Mongols placed the Uighurs of the Kingdom of Qocho over the Koreans at the court the Korean King objected, then the Mongol Emperor Kublai Khan rebuked the Korean King, saying that the Uighur King of Qocho was ranked higher than the Karluk Kara-Khanid ruler, who in turn was ranked higher than the Korean King, w...	Chagatai and Jochi	93,846
57272ff2708984140094dabe	Genghis_Khan	Genghis Khan was aware of the friction between his sons (particularly between Chagatai and Jochi) and worried of possible conflict between them if he died. He therefore decided to divide his empire among his sons and make all of them Khan in their own right, while appointing one of his sons as his successor. Chagatai w...	Which of Genghis Khan's sons was disqualified from being successor because of his unstable behavior?	{ "answer_start": [ 310, 78, 310 ], "text": [ "Chagatai", "Chagatai", "Chagatai" ] }	Which of [MASK] sons was disqualified from being successor because of his unstable behavior?	[ -0.3257874548435211, 0.09892072528600693, -0.24234521389007568, 0.3998944163322449, 0.13873258233070374, 0.10797431319952011, 0.1948988288640976, -0.3331542909145355, -0.13258805871009827, 0.08469697833061218, -0.06190923601388931, 0.1743364781141281, -0.33855167031288147, -0.0118289813399...	North Carolina's party loyalties have undergone a series of important shifts in the last few years: While the 2010 midterms saw Tar Heel voters elect a bicameral Republican majority legislature for the first time in over a century, North Carolina has also become a Southern swing state in presidential races. Since South...	There are conflicting views of Genghis Khan in the People's Republic of China with some viewing him positively in the Inner Mongolia region where there are a monument and buildings about him and where there is a considerable number of Mongols in the area with a population of around 5 million, almost twice the populatio...	After the defeat of the Khwarezmian Empire in 1220, Genghis Khan gathered his forces in Persia and Armenia to return to the Mongolian steppes. Under the suggestion of Subutai, the Mongol army was split into two forces. Genghis Khan led the main army on a raid through Afghanistan and northern India towards Mongolia, whi...	Chagatai	93,847
57272ff2708984140094dabf	Genghis_Khan	Genghis Khan was aware of the friction between his sons (particularly between Chagatai and Jochi) and worried of possible conflict between them if he died. He therefore decided to divide his empire among his sons and make all of them Khan in their own right, while appointing one of his sons as his successor. Chagatai w...	Which's of Genghis Khan's successors could not be successor because of his age?	{ "answer_start": [ 486, 486, 486 ], "text": [ "Tolui", "Tolui", "Tolui," ] }	Which 's of [MASK] successors could not be successor because of his age?	[ -0.09962093830108643, -0.006434597074985504, -0.017838267609477043, 0.34853145480155945, 0.2042739987373352, 0.08577098697423935, 0.18042773008346558, -0.22266077995300293, -0.0685885027050972, -0.02971496805548668, -0.22428083419799805, 0.06798338145017624, -0.1979118287563324, 0.02854000...	On September 9, 2007, West suggested that his race had something to do with his being overlooked for opening the 2007 MTV Video Music Awards (VMAs) in favor of Britney Spears; he claimed, "Maybe my skin’s not right." West was performing at the event; that night, he lost all five awards that he was nominated for, includ...	There are conflicting views of Genghis Khan in the People's Republic of China with some viewing him positively in the Inner Mongolia region where there are a monument and buildings about him and where there is a considerable number of Mongols in the area with a population of around 5 million, almost twice the populatio...	Although his support had been essential to Shunzhi's ascent, Dorgon had through the years centralised so much power in his hands as to become a direct threat to the throne. So much so that upon his death he was extraordinarily bestowed the posthumous title of Emperor Yi (Chinese: 義皇帝), the only instance in Qing history...	Tolui	93,848
57272ff2708984140094dac0	Genghis_Khan	Genghis Khan was aware of the friction between his sons (particularly between Chagatai and Jochi) and worried of possible conflict between them if he died. He therefore decided to divide his empire among his sons and make all of them Khan in their own right, while appointing one of his sons as his successor. Chagatai w...	Which son did Genghis Khan view as his most dependable one?	{ "answer_start": [ 855, 855, 855 ], "text": [ "Ögedei", "Ögedei", "Ögedei" ] }	Which son did [MASK] view as his most dependable one?	[ -0.38679608702659607, 0.08225493878126144, -0.2812008857727051, 0.23459437489509583, 0.284842848777771, 0.4836476147174835, 0.05280007794499397, 0.009109413251280785, -0.05218397080898285, -0.03780684620141983, -0.2294943928718567, 0.24417652189731598, -0.2286130040884018, -0.0022237221710...	In July 1953, an armistice took effect with Korea divided along approximately the same boundary as in 1950. The armistice and boundary remain in effect today, with American soldiers stationed there to guarantee it. The armistice, concluded despite opposition from Secretary Dulles, South Korean President Syngman Rhee, a...	There are conflicting views of Genghis Khan in the People's Republic of China with some viewing him positively in the Inner Mongolia region where there are a monument and buildings about him and where there is a considerable number of Mongols in the area with a population of around 5 million, almost twice the populatio...	As previously arranged by his father, Temüjin married Börte of the Onggirat tribe when he was around 16 in order to cement alliances between their respective tribes. Soon after Börte's marriage to Temüjin, she was kidnapped by the Merkits and reportedly given away as a wife. Temüjin rescued her with the help of his fri...	Ögedei	93,849
5727311d5951b619008f86ab	Genghis_Khan	Jochi died in 1226, during his father's lifetime. Some scholars, notably Ratchnevsky, have commented on the possibility that Jochi was secretly poisoned by an order from Genghis Khan. Rashid al-Din reports that the great Khan sent for his sons in the spring of 1223, and while his brothers heeded the order, Jochi remain...	Jochi's death occurred in what year?	{ "answer_start": [ 14, 14, 14 ], "text": [ "1226", "1226", "1226" ] }	[MASK] 's death occurred in what [MASK]?	[ 0.1037941426038742, -0.0007916730246506631, -0.1449582725763321, 0.28380438685417175, 0.17612212896347046, 0.20802690088748932, 0.23237977921962738, -0.1717400699853897, -0.03229705989360809, 0.08799900859594345, -0.11200039088726044, -0.2158251851797104, -0.11713822185993195, 0.2201206088...	Romantic relationships tend to increase in prevalence throughout adolescence. By age 15, 53% of adolescents have had a romantic relationship that lasted at least one month over the course of the previous 18 months. In a 2008 study conducted by YouGov for Channel 4, 20% of 14−17-year-olds surveyed revealed that they had...	In 1565, the powerful Rinbung princes were overthrown by one of their own ministers, Karma Tseten who styled himself as the Tsangpa, "the one of Tsang", and established his base of power at Shigatse. The second successor of this first Tsang king, Karma Phuntsok Namgyal, took control of the whole of Central Tibet (Ü-Tsa...	Accounts of Genghis Khan's life are marked by claims of a series of betrayals and conspiracies. These include rifts with his early allies such as Jamukha (who also wanted to be a ruler of Mongol tribes) and Wang Khan (his and his father's ally), his son Jochi, and problems with the most important shaman, who was allege...	1226	93,850
5727311d5951b619008f86ac	Genghis_Khan	Jochi died in 1226, during his father's lifetime. Some scholars, notably Ratchnevsky, have commented on the possibility that Jochi was secretly poisoned by an order from Genghis Khan. Rashid al-Din reports that the great Khan sent for his sons in the spring of 1223, and while his brothers heeded the order, Jochi remain...	Where did Jochi remain after Genghis Khan sent for his sons in the spring of 1223?	{ "answer_start": [ 326, 326, 326 ], "text": [ "Khorasan", "Khorasan", "Khorasan" ] }	Where did [MASK] remain after [MASK] sent for his sons in [MASK]?	[ -0.0474451445043087, 0.11713823676109314, -0.13807599246501923, 0.2255992889404297, 0.22871673107147217, 0.3239680230617523, 0.4015115797519684, -0.08887003362178802, -0.19965334236621857, 0.1114773154258728, -0.5930026769638062, -0.11654157191514969, -0.1626497358083725, 0.029490053653717...	The subsequent 1912 Salon des Indépendants was marked by the presentation of Marcel Duchamp's Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2, which itself caused a scandal, even amongst the Cubists. It was in fact rejected by the hanging committee, which included his brothers and other Cubists. Although the work was shown in the S...	In 1565, the powerful Rinbung princes were overthrown by one of their own ministers, Karma Tseten who styled himself as the Tsangpa, "the one of Tsang", and established his base of power at Shigatse. The second successor of this first Tsang king, Karma Phuntsok Namgyal, took control of the whole of Central Tibet (Ü-Tsa...	As previously arranged by his father, Temüjin married Börte of the Onggirat tribe when he was around 16 in order to cement alliances between their respective tribes. Soon after Börte's marriage to Temüjin, she was kidnapped by the Merkits and reportedly given away as a wife. Temüjin rescued her with the help of his fri...	Khorasan	93,851
5727311d5951b619008f86ad	Genghis_Khan	Jochi died in 1226, during his father's lifetime. Some scholars, notably Ratchnevsky, have commented on the possibility that Jochi was secretly poisoned by an order from Genghis Khan. Rashid al-Din reports that the great Khan sent for his sons in the spring of 1223, and while his brothers heeded the order, Jochi remain...	Which territory did Jochi try to protect that may have led to a dispute with his brothers?	{ "answer_start": [ 443, 443, 483 ], "text": [ "Urgench", "Urgench", "Urgench" ] }	Which territory did [MASK] try to protect that may have led to a dispute with his brothers?	[ -0.058213163167238235, -0.11247850954532623, -0.40993717312812805, 0.37476688623428345, 0.23408783972263336, 0.09605130553245544, 0.2971274256706238, -0.33479174971580505, -0.16428713500499725, 0.158773735165596, -0.03766864538192749, 0.1403605043888092, -0.11845922470092773, -0.0169979762...	In June 1917, the U.S. Congress passed the Espionage Act of 1917 which was later extended by the Sedition Act of 1918, enacted in May 1918. In February 1918, the Montana legislature had passed the Montana Sedition Act, which was a model for the federal version. In combination, these laws criminalized criticism of the U...	In 1565, the powerful Rinbung princes were overthrown by one of their own ministers, Karma Tseten who styled himself as the Tsangpa, "the one of Tsang", and established his base of power at Shigatse. The second successor of this first Tsang king, Karma Phuntsok Namgyal, took control of the whole of Central Tibet (Ü-Tsa...	A struggle for succession in the mid-twelfth century gave the Fujiwara an opportunity to regain their former power. Fujiwara no Yorinaga sided with the retired emperor in a violent battle in 1156 against the heir apparent, who was supported by the Taira and Minamoto (Hōgen Rebellion). In the end, the Fujiwara were dest...	Urgench	93,852
5727311d5951b619008f86ae	Genghis_Khan	Jochi died in 1226, during his father's lifetime. Some scholars, notably Ratchnevsky, have commented on the possibility that Jochi was secretly poisoned by an order from Genghis Khan. Rashid al-Din reports that the great Khan sent for his sons in the spring of 1223, and while his brothers heeded the order, Jochi remain...	Who did Jochi reportedly enlist to help him stop his father's massacres?	{ "answer_start": [ 811, 811, 811 ], "text": [ "Sultan Muhammad", "Sultan Muhammad", "Sultan Muhammad" ] }	Who did [MASK] reportedly enlist to help him stop his father 's massacres?	[ 0.04573579505085945, -0.0589936189353466, -0.2897225320339203, 0.4951440691947937, 0.17826762795448303, 0.4228139817714691, 0.2796289622783661, -0.2701515853404999, 0.03849358484148979, 0.0868711918592453, -0.13642370700836182, 0.1705758422613144, -0.10562954843044281, -0.10018382966518402...	The United States Army (USA) is the largest branch of the United States Armed Forces and performs land-based military operations. It is one of the seven uniformed services of the United States and is designated as the Army of the United States in the United States Constitution, Article 2, Section 2, Clause 1 and United...	In 1565, the powerful Rinbung princes were overthrown by one of their own ministers, Karma Tseten who styled himself as the Tsangpa, "the one of Tsang", and established his base of power at Shigatse. The second successor of this first Tsang king, Karma Phuntsok Namgyal, took control of the whole of Central Tibet (Ü-Tsa...	As previously arranged by his father, Temüjin married Börte of the Onggirat tribe when he was around 16 in order to cement alliances between their respective tribes. Soon after Börte's marriage to Temüjin, she was kidnapped by the Merkits and reportedly given away as a wife. Temüjin rescued her with the help of his fri...	Sultan Muhammad	93,853
5727311d5951b619008f86af	Genghis_Khan	Jochi died in 1226, during his father's lifetime. Some scholars, notably Ratchnevsky, have commented on the possibility that Jochi was secretly poisoned by an order from Genghis Khan. Rashid al-Din reports that the great Khan sent for his sons in the spring of 1223, and while his brothers heeded the order, Jochi remain...	Why is Jochi's reported alliance with the Muslims historically suspect?	{ "answer_start": [ 1033, 1033, 1033 ], "text": [ "Sultan Muhammad was already dead in 1223", "Sultan Muhammad was already dead in 1223", "Sultan Muhammad was already dead in 1223," ] }	Why is [MASK] 's reported alliance with the [MASK] historically suspect?	[ -0.057870082557201385, -0.16238604485988617, -0.14412087202072144, 0.015640931203961372, 0.2377009093761444, 0.0534508191049099, 0.09029407054185867, 0.13336004316806793, -0.04836586117744446, 0.04090452194213867, -0.220831960439682, -0.12145063281059265, 0.01173049584031105, 0.09027192741...	Educational and technological reforms came about, including the establishment of higher education institutions such as the Istanbul Technical University. In 1734 an artillery school was established to impart Western-style artillery methods, but the Islamic clergy successfully objected under the grounds of theodicy. In ...	In 1565, the powerful Rinbung princes were overthrown by one of their own ministers, Karma Tseten who styled himself as the Tsangpa, "the one of Tsang", and established his base of power at Shigatse. The second successor of this first Tsang king, Karma Phuntsok Namgyal, took control of the whole of Central Tibet (Ü-Tsa...	Around 746, Abu Muslim assumed leadership of the Hashimiyya in Khurasan. In 747, he successfully initiated an open revolt against Umayyad rule, which was carried out under the sign of the black flag. He soon established control of Khurasan, expelling its Umayyad governor, Nasr ibn Sayyar, and dispatched an army westwar...	Sultan Muhammad was already dead in 1223	93,854
57273249f1498d1400e8f46a	Genghis_Khan	In August 1227, during the fall of Yinchuan, the capital of Western Xia, Genghis Khan died. The exact cause of his death remains a mystery, and is variously attributed to being killed in action against the Western Xia, illness, falling from his horse, or wounds sustained in hunting or battle. According to The Secret Hi...	Genghis Khan was in the process of taking what capital city when he died?	{ "answer_start": [ 35, 35, 35 ], "text": [ "Yinchuan", "Yinchuan", "Yinchuan" ] }	[MASK] was in the process of taking what capital city when he died?	[ -0.2506668269634247, -0.14184090495109558, -0.021520543843507767, 0.2682289779186249, -0.06845515221357346, 0.09407056123018265, 0.07627429068088531, -0.1199018731713295, -0.10329695045948029, -0.03487735614180565, -0.2733664810657501, -0.09200937300920486, -0.1972520798444748, 0.039417512...	Polytechnic Institutes are technological universities, many dating back to the mid-19th century. A handful of world-renowned Elite American universities include the phrases "Institute of Technology", "Polytechnic Institute", "Polytechnic University", or similar phrasing in their names; these are generally research-inte...	The next direct threat to Temüjin was the Naimans (Naiman Mongols), with whom Jamukha and his followers took refuge. The Naimans did not surrender, although enough sectors again voluntarily sided with Temüjin. In 1201, a khuruldai elected Jamukha as Gür Khan, "universal ruler", a title used by the rulers of the Qara Kh...	He came to power by uniting many of the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia. After founding the Mongol Empire and being proclaimed "Genghis Khan", he started the Mongol invasions that resulted in the conquest of most of Eurasia. These included raids or invasions of the Qara Khitai, Caucasus, Khwarezmid Empire, Western Xia...	Yinchuan	93,855
57273249f1498d1400e8f46b	Genghis_Khan	In August 1227, during the fall of Yinchuan, the capital of Western Xia, Genghis Khan died. The exact cause of his death remains a mystery, and is variously attributed to being killed in action against the Western Xia, illness, falling from his horse, or wounds sustained in hunting or battle. According to The Secret Hi...	What does the Secret History say Genghis Khan was doing when he sustained his mortal injuries?	{ "answer_start": [ 380, 380, 380 ], "text": [ "hunting", "hunting", "hunting" ] }	What does the Secret History say [MASK] was doing when he sustained his mortal injuries?	[ -0.008224539458751678, 0.18524159491062164, -0.2322176992893219, 0.2390390932559967, 0.2403770387172699, 0.0655389130115509, 0.4326923191547394, -0.2609686255455017, -0.11864780634641647, -0.06263444572687149, -0.3895023465156555, 0.0553695447742939, 0.12916849553585052, -0.000787838071119...	Similarly, the federal constitutional initiative allows citizens to put a constitutional amendment to a national vote, if 100,000 voters sign the proposed amendment within 18 months.[note 8] Parliament can supplement the proposed amendment with a counter-proposal, and then voters must indicate a preference on the ballo...	The next direct threat to Temüjin was the Naimans (Naiman Mongols), with whom Jamukha and his followers took refuge. The Naimans did not surrender, although enough sectors again voluntarily sided with Temüjin. In 1201, a khuruldai elected Jamukha as Gür Khan, "universal ruler", a title used by the rulers of the Qara Kh...	Temüjin was probably born in 1162 in Delüün Boldog, near Burkhan Khaldun mountain and the Onon and Kherlen rivers in modern-day northern Mongolia, not far from the current capital Ulaanbaatar. The Secret History of the Mongols reports that Temüjin was born with a blood clot grasped in his fist, a traditional sign that ...	hunting	93,856
57273249f1498d1400e8f46c	Genghis_Khan	In August 1227, during the fall of Yinchuan, the capital of Western Xia, Genghis Khan died. The exact cause of his death remains a mystery, and is variously attributed to being killed in action against the Western Xia, illness, falling from his horse, or wounds sustained in hunting or battle. According to The Secret Hi...	What weapon did Marco Pole report as the cause of Genghis Khan's death?	{ "answer_start": [ 615, 615, 615 ], "text": [ "arrow", "arrow", "arrow wound" ] }	What weapon did [MASK] report as the cause of [MASK] death?	[ 0.10043623298406601, 0.2292899787425995, -0.32293665409088135, 0.31190231442451477, 0.22691990435123444, 0.25073885917663574, 0.20503059029579163, -0.49272727966308594, 0.05418924242258072, 0.23281779885292053, 0.04974433034658432, 0.06214388087391853, -0.13325437903404236, -0.141876325011...	Calvary as an English name for the place is derived from the Latin word for skull (calvaria), which is used in the Vulgate translation of "place of a skull", the explanation given in all four Gospels of the Aramaic word Gûlgaltâ which was the name of the place where Jesus was crucified. The text does not indicate why i...	The next direct threat to Temüjin was the Naimans (Naiman Mongols), with whom Jamukha and his followers took refuge. The Naimans did not surrender, although enough sectors again voluntarily sided with Temüjin. In 1201, a khuruldai elected Jamukha as Gür Khan, "universal ruler", a title used by the rulers of the Qara Kh...	The Mongols learned from captives of the abundant green pastures beyond the Bulgar territory, allowing for the planning for conquest of Hungary and Europe. Genghis Khan recalled Subutai back to Mongolia soon afterwards, and Jebe died on the road back to Samarkand. The famous cavalry expedition led by Subutai and Jebe, ...	arrow	93,857
57273249f1498d1400e8f46d	Genghis_Khan	In August 1227, during the fall of Yinchuan, the capital of Western Xia, Genghis Khan died. The exact cause of his death remains a mystery, and is variously attributed to being killed in action against the Western Xia, illness, falling from his horse, or wounds sustained in hunting or battle. According to The Secret Hi...	Later chronicles of Genghis Khan's death implicate a princess from what empire in his death?	{ "answer_start": [ 720, 720, 720 ], "text": [ "Western Xia", "Western Xia", "Western Xia" ] }	Later chronicles of [MASK] death implicate a princess from what empire in his death?	[ -0.24668225646018982, -0.045045457780361176, -0.39770179986953735, 0.2863156497478485, 0.23124921321868896, 0.3057957887649536, 0.12942704558372498, -0.3810024559497833, -0.06575272977352142, 0.2501973509788513, -0.47425249218940735, -0.15590770542621613, -0.05120252072811127, 0.0718103051...	Fresh vegetables and fruits are common ingredients. Frequently used vegetables include courgettes, green peppers, okra, green beans, artichokes, carrots, tomatoes, cucumbers, lettuce and grape leaves, and pulses such as beans, broad beans, peas, black-eyed beans, chick-peas and lentils. The most common fruits and nuts ...	The next direct threat to Temüjin was the Naimans (Naiman Mongols), with whom Jamukha and his followers took refuge. The Naimans did not surrender, although enough sectors again voluntarily sided with Temüjin. In 1201, a khuruldai elected Jamukha as Gür Khan, "universal ruler", a title used by the rulers of the Qara Kh...	Temüjin was probably born in 1162 in Delüün Boldog, near Burkhan Khaldun mountain and the Onon and Kherlen rivers in modern-day northern Mongolia, not far from the current capital Ulaanbaatar. The Secret History of the Mongols reports that Temüjin was born with a blood clot grasped in his fist, a traditional sign that ...	Western Xia	93,858
57273249f1498d1400e8f46e	Genghis_Khan	In August 1227, during the fall of Yinchuan, the capital of Western Xia, Genghis Khan died. The exact cause of his death remains a mystery, and is variously attributed to being killed in action against the Western Xia, illness, falling from his horse, or wounds sustained in hunting or battle. According to The Secret Hi...	Which rival of the Mongols is suspected of inventing the story that Genghis Khan was murdered by a captured princess?	{ "answer_start": [ 983, 983, 983 ], "text": [ "Oirads", "Oirads", "Oirads" ] }	Which rival of the [MASK] is suspected of inventing the story that [MASK] was murdered by a captured princess?	[ -0.2286107987165451, -0.1241348385810852, -0.13228590786457062, 0.36856603622436523, 0.19643725454807281, 0.19035542011260986, 0.22532103955745697, -0.2458837479352951, -0.1074288934469223, 0.2890307903289795, -0.2058841437101364, 0.27692660689353943, -0.012252666987478733, 0.1763937324285...	Today, there is a growing number of Associates who share the Dominican charism. Dominican Associates are Christian women and men; married, single, divorced, and widowed; clergy members and lay persons who were first drawn to and then called to live out the charism and continue the mission of the Dominican Order - to pr...	The next direct threat to Temüjin was the Naimans (Naiman Mongols), with whom Jamukha and his followers took refuge. The Naimans did not surrender, although enough sectors again voluntarily sided with Temüjin. In 1201, a khuruldai elected Jamukha as Gür Khan, "universal ruler", a title used by the rulers of the Qara Kh...	Following the conquest of Dali in 1253, the former ruling Duan dynasty were appointed as governors-general, recognized as imperial officials by the Yuan, Ming, and Qing-era governments, principally in the province of Yunnan. Succession for the Yuan dynasty, however, was an intractable problem, later causing much strife...	Oirads	93,859
572732f8f1498d1400e8f474	Genghis_Khan	Years before his death, Genghis Khan asked to be buried without markings, according to the customs of his tribe. After he died, his body was returned to Mongolia and presumably to his birthplace in Khentii Aimag, where many assume he is buried somewhere close to the Onon River and the Burkhan Khaldun mountain (part of ...	What was Genghis Khan's tribes burial custom?	{ "answer_start": [ 56, 49, 49 ], "text": [ "without markings", "buried without markings", "buried without markings" ] }	What was [MASK] tribes burial custom?	[ 0.32131990790367126, 0.3696051836013794, -0.5305492877960205, 0.08175837993621826, 0.1883554458618164, 0.33392754197120667, 0.4532921612262726, 0.06784176826477051, -0.194665789604187, -0.16175521910190582, -0.16587436199188232, -0.22619542479515076, 0.08918916434049606, 0.1260683238506317...	Historians agree that Napoleon's remarkable personality was one key to his influence. They emphasize the strength of his ambition that took him from an obscure village to command of most of Europe. George F. E. Rudé stresses his "rare combination of will, intellect and physical vigour." At 5 ft 6 in (168 cm), he was no...	After the defeat of the Khwarezmian Empire in 1220, Genghis Khan gathered his forces in Persia and Armenia to return to the Mongolian steppes. Under the suggestion of Subutai, the Mongol army was split into two forces. Genghis Khan led the main army on a raid through Afghanistan and northern India towards Mongolia, whi...	Temüjin was probably born in 1162 in Delüün Boldog, near Burkhan Khaldun mountain and the Onon and Kherlen rivers in modern-day northern Mongolia, not far from the current capital Ulaanbaatar. The Secret History of the Mongols reports that Temüjin was born with a blood clot grasped in his fist, a traditional sign that ...	without markings	93,860
572732f8f1498d1400e8f475	Genghis_Khan	Years before his death, Genghis Khan asked to be buried without markings, according to the customs of his tribe. After he died, his body was returned to Mongolia and presumably to his birthplace in Khentii Aimag, where many assume he is buried somewhere close to the Onon River and the Burkhan Khaldun mountain (part of ...	Where is Genghis Khan's presumed to have been delivered?	{ "answer_start": [ 198, 198, 198 ], "text": [ "Khentii Aimag", "Khentii Aimag", "Khentii Aimag" ] }	Where is [MASK] presumed to have been delivered?	[ 0.041831258684396744, -0.04146912693977356, -0.05055646225810051, 0.1760624200105667, 0.5151081681251526, 0.49885237216949463, -0.11987725645303726, 0.1759132444858551, 0.03084626793861389, 0.2144554704427719, -0.2324225753545761, -0.15231037139892578, 0.1270332932472229, 0.187711343169212...	Using boiling water to produce mechanical motion goes back over 2000 years, but early devices were not practical. The Spanish inventor Jerónimo de Ayanz y Beaumont obtained the first patent for a steam engine in 1606. In 1698 Thomas Savery patented a steam pump that used steam in direct contact with the water being pum...	After the defeat of the Khwarezmian Empire in 1220, Genghis Khan gathered his forces in Persia and Armenia to return to the Mongolian steppes. Under the suggestion of Subutai, the Mongol army was split into two forces. Genghis Khan led the main army on a raid through Afghanistan and northern India towards Mongolia, whi...	In 1980, the Soviet Union, which then ruled his birthplace Bukhara, celebrated the thousandth anniversary of Avicenna's birth by circulating various commemorative stamps with artistic illustrations, and by erecting a bust of Avicenna based on anthropological research by Soviet scholars.[citation needed] Near his birthp...	Khentii Aimag	93,861
572732f8f1498d1400e8f476	Genghis_Khan	Years before his death, Genghis Khan asked to be buried without markings, according to the customs of his tribe. After he died, his body was returned to Mongolia and presumably to his birthplace in Khentii Aimag, where many assume he is buried somewhere close to the Onon River and the Burkhan Khaldun mountain (part of ...	What river is near Genghis Khan's likely place of burial?	{ "answer_start": [ 267, 267, 267 ], "text": [ "Onon River", "Onon", "Onon River" ] }	What river is near [MASK] likely place of burial?	[ 0.10696344822645187, 0.1308448314666748, -0.23520039021968842, 0.19418184459209442, 0.4864559769630432, 0.49575549364089966, 0.24633242189884186, 0.013650957494974136, 0.0030765605624765158, -0.22606076300144196, -0.050884515047073364, -0.23922744393348694, 0.21154221892356873, 0.041132479...	In 1939 East Prussia had 2.49 million inhabitants, 85% of them ethnic Germans, the others Poles in the south who, according to Polish estimates numbered in the interwar period around 300,000-350,000, the Latvian speaking Kursenieki, and Lietuvininkai who spoke Lithuanian in the northeast. Most German East Prussians, Ma...	After the defeat of the Khwarezmian Empire in 1220, Genghis Khan gathered his forces in Persia and Armenia to return to the Mongolian steppes. Under the suggestion of Subutai, the Mongol army was split into two forces. Genghis Khan led the main army on a raid through Afghanistan and northern India towards Mongolia, whi...	The succession of Genghis Khan was already a significant topic during the later years of his reign, as he reached old age. The long running paternity discussion about Genghis' oldest son Jochi was particularly contentious because of the seniority of Jochi among the brothers. According to traditional historical accounts...	Onon River	93,862
572732f8f1498d1400e8f477	Genghis_Khan	Years before his death, Genghis Khan asked to be buried without markings, according to the customs of his tribe. After he died, his body was returned to Mongolia and presumably to his birthplace in Khentii Aimag, where many assume he is buried somewhere close to the Onon River and the Burkhan Khaldun mountain (part of ...	What memorial was built years after Genghis Khan's death and burial?	{ "answer_start": [ 473, 477, 473 ], "text": [ "The Genghis Khan Mausoleum", "Genghis Khan Mausoleum", "The Genghis Khan Mausoleum" ] }	What memorial was built [MASK] after [MASK] death and burial?	[ 0.30663156509399414, 0.150128573179245, -0.11373018473386765, 0.17686113715171814, 0.02775277942419052, 0.3168452978134155, -0.005621105432510376, -0.035927701741456985, -0.19863209128379822, -0.196742981672287, -0.08881351351737976, -0.25049394369125366, 0.040304072201251984, 0.2271456718...	Collegiate athletics are a popular draw in the state. The state has four schools that compete at the highest level of college sports, NCAA Division I. The most prominent are the state's two members of the Big 12 Conference, one of the so-called Power Five conferences of the top tier of college football, Division I FBS....	After the defeat of the Khwarezmian Empire in 1220, Genghis Khan gathered his forces in Persia and Armenia to return to the Mongolian steppes. Under the suggestion of Subutai, the Mongol army was split into two forces. Genghis Khan led the main army on a raid through Afghanistan and northern India towards Mongolia, whi...	Accounts of Genghis Khan's life are marked by claims of a series of betrayals and conspiracies. These include rifts with his early allies such as Jamukha (who also wanted to be a ruler of Mongol tribes) and Wang Khan (his and his father's ally), his son Jochi, and problems with the most important shaman, who was allege...	The Genghis Khan Mausoleum	93,863
57273455f1498d1400e8f48c	Genghis_Khan	In 1939 Chinese Nationalist soldiers took the mausoleum from its position at the 'Lord's Enclosure' (Mongolian: Edsen Khoroo) in Mongolia to protect it from Japanese troops. It was taken through Communist-held territory in Yan'an some 900 km on carts to safety at a Buddhist monastery, the Dongshan Dafo Dian, where it r...	What is the Mongolian name for the original place of the Genghis Khan mausoleum?	{ "answer_start": [ 112, 112, 112 ], "text": [ "Edsen Khoroo", "Edsen Khoroo", "Edsen Khoroo" ] }	What is the [MASK] name for the original place of the [MASK] mausoleum?	[ 0.08734628558158875, 0.08841825276613235, -0.18766722083091736, 0.13341090083122253, 0.3677436411380768, 0.24870812892913818, 0.14515802264213562, 0.04129571095108986, -0.10928736627101898, 0.09947140514850616, -0.2901507318019867, -0.43232929706573486, 0.01781035028398037, 0.3572437763214...	Older or stripped-down systems may support only the TZ values required by POSIX, which specify at most one start and end rule explicitly in the value. For example, TZ='EST5EDT,M3.2.0/02:00,M11.1.0/02:00' specifies time for the eastern United States starting in 2007. Such a TZ value must be changed whenever DST rules ch...	By the late 19th century, the most conservative elements within the Qing court could no longer ignore China's military weakness. In 1860, during the Second Opium War, the capital Beijing was captured and the Summer Palace sacked by a relatively small Anglo-French coalition force numbering 25,000. The advent of modern w...	The Columbia Encyclopedia distinguishes between the Yuan dynasty and the other Mongol Empire khanates of Ilkhanate, Chagatai Khanate and the Golden Horde. It describes the Yuan dynasty as "A Mongol dynasty of China that ruled from 1271 to 1368, and a division of the great empire conquered by the Mongols. Founded by Kub...	Edsen Khoroo	93,864
57273455f1498d1400e8f48d	Genghis_Khan	In 1939 Chinese Nationalist soldiers took the mausoleum from its position at the 'Lord's Enclosure' (Mongolian: Edsen Khoroo) in Mongolia to protect it from Japanese troops. It was taken through Communist-held territory in Yan'an some 900 km on carts to safety at a Buddhist monastery, the Dongshan Dafo Dian, where it r...	Which Buddhist monastery hosted the Genghis Khan mausoleum during the Japanese occupation?	{ "answer_start": [ 290, 290, 286 ], "text": [ "Dongshan Dafo Dian", "Dongshan Dafo Dian", "the Dongshan Dafo Dian" ] }	Which [MASK] monastery hosted the [MASK] mausoleum during the [MASK] occupation?	[ 0.08622471243143082, 0.10697674751281738, -0.27497509121894836, 0.17929431796073914, 0.2548598051071167, 0.2809649705886841, 0.23202921450138092, -0.10102130472660065, -0.15965227782726288, 0.14045928418636322, -0.4074974060058594, -0.32851719856262207, -0.024307001382112503, 0.12373135983...	The final son of Abd al-Malik to become caliph was Hisham (724–43), whose long and eventful reign was above all marked by the curtailment of military expansion. Hisham established his court at Resafa in northern Syria, which was closer to the Byzantine border than Damascus, and resumed hostilities against the Byzantine...	By the late 19th century, the most conservative elements within the Qing court could no longer ignore China's military weakness. In 1860, during the Second Opium War, the capital Beijing was captured and the Summer Palace sacked by a relatively small Anglo-French coalition force numbering 25,000. The advent of modern w...	A few days before the fall of the city, the National Government of China was relocated to the southwestern city Chungking (Chongqing) and resumed Chinese resistance. In 1940, a Japanese-collaborationist government known as the "Nanjing Regime" or "Reorganized National Government of China" led by Wang Jingwei was establ...	Dongshan Dafo Dian	93,865
57273455f1498d1400e8f48e	Genghis_Khan	In 1939 Chinese Nationalist soldiers took the mausoleum from its position at the 'Lord's Enclosure' (Mongolian: Edsen Khoroo) in Mongolia to protect it from Japanese troops. It was taken through Communist-held territory in Yan'an some 900 km on carts to safety at a Buddhist monastery, the Dongshan Dafo Dian, where it r...	Where did the Chinese Nationalists move the mausoleum away from advancing Chinese Communist forces?	{ "answer_start": [ 479, 479, 458 ], "text": [ "Kumbum Monastery or Ta'er Shi near Xining", "Kumbum Monastery", "Tibetan monastery of Kumbum Monastery" ] }	Where did the [MASK] [MASK] move the mausoleum away from advancing [MASK] forces?	[ -0.03448386490345001, 0.07452092319726944, 0.27431467175483704, 0.2244226634502411, 0.41394490003585815, 0.17876873910427094, 0.2299840748310089, -0.4332769215106964, 0.08750563114881516, -0.1724625825881958, -0.3491272032260895, -0.06534196436405182, -0.08945215493440628, 0.05446945130825...	The Egyptian military has dozens of factories manufacturing weapons as well as consumer goods. The Armed Forces' inventory includes equipment from different countries around the world. Equipment from the former Soviet Union is being progressively replaced by more modern US, French, and British equipment, a significant ...	By the late 19th century, the most conservative elements within the Qing court could no longer ignore China's military weakness. In 1860, during the Second Opium War, the capital Beijing was captured and the Summer Palace sacked by a relatively small Anglo-French coalition force numbering 25,000. The advent of modern w...	The dynasty was founded by the Jurchen Aisin Gioro clan in Manchuria. In the late sixteenth century, Nurhaci, originally a Ming vassal, began organizing Jurchen clans into "Banners", military-social units. Nurhaci formed these clans into a unified entity, the subjects of which became known collectively as the Manchu pe...	Kumbum Monastery or Ta'er Shi near Xining	93,866
57273455f1498d1400e8f48f	Genghis_Khan	In 1939 Chinese Nationalist soldiers took the mausoleum from its position at the 'Lord's Enclosure' (Mongolian: Edsen Khoroo) in Mongolia to protect it from Japanese troops. It was taken through Communist-held territory in Yan'an some 900 km on carts to safety at a Buddhist monastery, the Dongshan Dafo Dian, where it r...	When was the mausoleum returned to the Lord's Enclosure in Mongolia?	{ "answer_start": [ 572, 572, 572 ], "text": [ "1954", "1954", "1954," ] }	When was the mausoleum returned to [MASK] in [MASK]?	[ 0.0414130724966526, 0.10678347200155258, 0.09401024132966995, 0.18132716417312622, 0.18949994444847107, 0.04033119976520538, 0.26255980134010315, -0.04798992723226547, 0.03802183270454407, 0.1037580743432045, -0.45399296283721924, -0.2323192059993744, -0.016019348055124283, 0.3696770370006...	The critic Joseph Bédier (1864–1938) launched a particularly withering attack on stemmatics in 1928. He surveyed editions of medieval French texts that were produced with the stemmatic method, and found that textual critics tended overwhelmingly to produce trees divided into just two branches. He concluded that this ou...	By the late 19th century, the most conservative elements within the Qing court could no longer ignore China's military weakness. In 1860, during the Second Opium War, the capital Beijing was captured and the Summer Palace sacked by a relatively small Anglo-French coalition force numbering 25,000. The advent of modern w...	The dynasty was founded by the Jurchen Aisin Gioro clan in Manchuria. In the late sixteenth century, Nurhaci, originally a Ming vassal, began organizing Jurchen clans into "Banners", military-social units. Nurhaci formed these clans into a unified entity, the subjects of which became known collectively as the Manchu pe...	1954	93,867
57273455f1498d1400e8f490	Genghis_Khan	In 1939 Chinese Nationalist soldiers took the mausoleum from its position at the 'Lord's Enclosure' (Mongolian: Edsen Khoroo) in Mongolia to protect it from Japanese troops. It was taken through Communist-held territory in Yan'an some 900 km on carts to safety at a Buddhist monastery, the Dongshan Dafo Dian, where it r...	Who destroyed the most valuable relics in the mausoleum during the Cultural Revolution?	{ "answer_start": [ 754, 754, 717 ], "text": [ "Red Guards", "Red Guards", "1968" ] }	Who destroyed the most valuable relics in the mausoleum during [MASK]?	[ 0.05343055725097656, 0.20640715956687927, -0.2365330308675766, 0.31101831793785095, 0.3239533603191376, 0.007886297069489956, 0.25175735354423523, -0.18391431868076324, -0.0037341259885579348, 0.18476392328739166, -0.45459744334220886, -0.051270175725221634, -0.0712146982550621, 0.49580702...	Spielberg won the Academy Award for Best Director for Schindler's List (1993) and Saving Private Ryan (1998). Three of Spielberg's films—Jaws (1975), E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982), and Jurassic Park (1993)—achieved box office records, originated and came to epitomize the blockbuster film. The unadjusted gross of al...	By the late 19th century, the most conservative elements within the Qing court could no longer ignore China's military weakness. In 1860, during the Second Opium War, the capital Beijing was captured and the Summer Palace sacked by a relatively small Anglo-French coalition force numbering 25,000. The advent of modern w...	From 1889, when Guangxu began to rule in his own right, to 1898, the Empress Dowager lived in semi-retirement, spending the majority of the year at the Summer Palace. On November 1, 1897, two German Roman Catholic missionaries were murdered in the southern part of Shandong Province (the Juye Incident). In response, Ger...	Red Guards	93,868
57273581708984140094daeb	Genghis_Khan	On October 6, 2004, a joint Japanese-Mongolian archaeological dig uncovered what is believed to be Genghis Khan's palace in rural Mongolia, which raises the possibility of actually locating the ruler's long-lost burial site. Folklore says that a river was diverted over his grave to make it impossible to find (the same ...	On which date was Genghis Khan's palace rediscovered by archeaologists?	{ "answer_start": [ 3, 3, 3 ], "text": [ "October 6, 2004", "October 6, 2004", "October 6, 2004" ] }	On which date was [MASK] palace rediscovered by archeaologists?	[ -0.13930344581604004, 0.11383670568466187, -0.027184952050447464, 0.09350039064884186, 0.4722540080547333, 0.1253567636013031, 0.21517041325569153, -0.0783841535449028, -0.14427974820137024, 0.030402857810258865, -0.5067690014839172, -0.15922768414020538, 0.08964653313159943, 0.16233897209...	Racial discrimination continued to be enacted in new laws in the 20th century, for instance the one-drop rule was enacted in Virginia's 1924 Racial Integrity Law and in other southern states, in part influenced by the popularity of eugenics and ideas of racial purity. People buried fading memories that many whites had ...	When the Dzungar Mongols attempted to spread their territory from what is now Xinjiang into Tibet, the Kangxi Emperor (r. 1661–1722) responded to Tibetan pleas for aid with his own expedition to Tibet, occupying Lhasa in 1720. By 1751, during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (r. 1735–1796), a protectorate and permanen...	The city of Bukhara was not heavily fortified, with a moat and a single wall, and the citadel typical of Khwarezmi cities. The city leaders opened the gates to the Mongols, though a unit of Turkish defenders held the city's citadel for another twelve days. Survivors from the citadel were executed, artisans and craftsme...	October 6, 2004	93,869
57273581708984140094daec	Genghis_Khan	On October 6, 2004, a joint Japanese-Mongolian archaeological dig uncovered what is believed to be Genghis Khan's palace in rural Mongolia, which raises the possibility of actually locating the ruler's long-lost burial site. Folklore says that a river was diverted over his grave to make it impossible to find (the same ...	What kind of water body is rumored to be obscuring Genghis Khan's burial site?	{ "answer_start": [ 244, 246, 246 ], "text": [ "a river", "river", "river" ] }	What kind of water body is rumored to be obscuring [MASK] burial site?	[ 0.36211997270584106, 0.20801439881324768, -0.028427500277757645, 0.24243168532848358, 0.4955451190471649, -0.11561822146177292, 0.4863702654838562, 0.08620667457580566, 0.05703692138195038, -0.02185678295791149, -0.2596423625946045, -0.3212518095970154, -0.15055648982524872, 0.372579842805...	Much of the work of the Scottish Parliament is done in committee. The role of committees is stronger in the Scottish Parliament than in other parliamentary systems, partly as a means of strengthening the role of backbenchers in their scrutiny of the government and partly to compensate for the fact that there is no revi...	When the Dzungar Mongols attempted to spread their territory from what is now Xinjiang into Tibet, the Kangxi Emperor (r. 1661–1722) responded to Tibetan pleas for aid with his own expedition to Tibet, occupying Lhasa in 1720. By 1751, during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (r. 1735–1796), a protectorate and permanen...	Both the Qing viceroy and the Taiping king resided in buildings that would later be known as the Presidential Palace. When Qing forces led by Zeng Guofan retook the city in 1864, a massive slaughter occurred in the city with over 100,000 estimated to have committed suicide or fought to the death. Since the Taiping Rebe...	a river	93,870
57273581708984140094daed	Genghis_Khan	On October 6, 2004, a joint Japanese-Mongolian archaeological dig uncovered what is believed to be Genghis Khan's palace in rural Mongolia, which raises the possibility of actually locating the ruler's long-lost burial site. Folklore says that a river was diverted over his grave to make it impossible to find (the same ...	What two other rulers had their graves hidden under a river?	{ "answer_start": [ 344, 353, 358 ], "text": [ "Sumerian King Gilgamesh of Uruk and Atilla the Hun", "King Gilgamesh of Uruk and Atilla the Hun", "Gilgamesh of Uruk and Atilla the Hun" ] }	What [MASK] other rulers had their graves hidden under a river?	[ 0.18264897167682648, 0.03072795271873474, -0.4815015494823456, 0.2038709670305252, 0.17425097525119781, 0.2499888837337494, 0.4227014482021332, -0.09914835542440414, -0.28965824842453003, -0.10152048617601395, -0.1893772929906845, -0.2725273668766022, -0.11235404759645462, -0.1758342832326...	By 1900, 7,531 people lived in the city. The population increased gradually to 13,913 in 1910. At about this time, the U.S. Veterans Administration had begun construction on the present Veterans Hospital. Many veterans who had been gassed in World War I and were in need of respiratory therapy began coming to Tucson aft...	When the Dzungar Mongols attempted to spread their territory from what is now Xinjiang into Tibet, the Kangxi Emperor (r. 1661–1722) responded to Tibetan pleas for aid with his own expedition to Tibet, occupying Lhasa in 1720. By 1751, during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (r. 1735–1796), a protectorate and permanen...	The Columbia Encyclopedia distinguishes between the Yuan dynasty and the other Mongol Empire khanates of Ilkhanate, Chagatai Khanate and the Golden Horde. It describes the Yuan dynasty as "A Mongol dynasty of China that ruled from 1271 to 1368, and a division of the great empire conquered by the Mongols. Founded by Kub...	Sumerian King Gilgamesh of Uruk and Atilla the Hun	93,871
57273581708984140094daee	Genghis_Khan	On October 6, 2004, a joint Japanese-Mongolian archaeological dig uncovered what is believed to be Genghis Khan's palace in rural Mongolia, which raises the possibility of actually locating the ruler's long-lost burial site. Folklore says that a river was diverted over his grave to make it impossible to find (the same ...	What animals may have been stampeded over Genghis Khan's grave site?	{ "answer_start": [ 457, 457, 457 ], "text": [ "horses", "horses", "horses" ] }	What animals may have been stampeded over [MASK] grave site?	[ 0.36216241121292114, 0.14520561695098877, -0.4437102675437927, 0.0432426892220974, 0.2431323528289795, 0.29909747838974, 0.5042503476142883, -0.1779857873916626, -0.10769046097993851, 0.006199462804943323, -0.27135494351387024, -0.09819330275058746, -0.13788196444511414, 0.0655123516917228...	The Rhine-Meuse Delta is a tidal delta, shaped not only by the sedimentation of the rivers, but also by tidal currents. This meant that high tide formed a serious risk because strong tidal currents could tear huge areas of land into the sea. Before the construction of the Delta Works, tidal influence was palpable up to...	When the Dzungar Mongols attempted to spread their territory from what is now Xinjiang into Tibet, the Kangxi Emperor (r. 1661–1722) responded to Tibetan pleas for aid with his own expedition to Tibet, occupying Lhasa in 1720. By 1751, during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (r. 1735–1796), a protectorate and permanen...	After the defeat of the Khwarezmian Empire in 1220, Genghis Khan gathered his forces in Persia and Armenia to return to the Mongolian steppes. Under the suggestion of Subutai, the Mongol army was split into two forces. Genghis Khan led the main army on a raid through Afghanistan and northern India towards Mongolia, whi...	horses	93,872
572736bff1498d1400e8f4b5	Genghis_Khan	The Mongol Empire was governed by a civilian and military code, called the Yassa, created by Genghis Khan. The Mongol Empire did not emphasize the importance of ethnicity and race in the administrative realm, instead adopting an approach grounded in meritocracy. The exception was the role of Genghis Khan and his family...	Who created the code that governed military and civilian conduct in the Mongol Empire?	{ "answer_start": [ 93, 93, 93 ], "text": [ "Genghis Khan", "Genghis Khan", "Genghis Khan" ] }	Who created the code that governed military and civilian conduct in [MASK]?	[ 0.5372572541236877, 0.1598484069108963, -0.11802513897418976, 0.3278625011444092, -0.16691182553768158, 0.05341251194477081, 0.3015517592430115, -0.4344079792499542, 0.07024414092302322, -0.01627996377646923, -0.05012311041355133, 0.3168708384037018, -0.3032587468624115, -0.090880684554576...	Uptake of O 2 from the air is the essential purpose of respiration, so oxygen supplementation is used in medicine. Treatment not only increases oxygen levels in the patient's blood, but has the secondary effect of decreasing resistance to blood flow in many types of diseased lungs, easing work load on the heart. Oxygen...	The Mongol rulers patronized the Yuan printing industry. Chinese printing technology was transferred to the Mongols through Kingdom of Qocho and Tibetan intermediaries. Some Yuan documents such as Wang Zhen's Nong Shu were printed with earthenware movable type, a technology invented in the 12th century. However, most p...	The fourth Yuan emperor, Buyantu Khan (Ayurbarwada), was a competent emperor. He was the first Yuan emperor to actively support and adopt mainstream Chinese culture after the reign of Kublai, to the discontent of some Mongol elite. He had been mentored by Li Meng, a Confucian academic. He made many reforms, including t...	Genghis Khan	93,873
572736bff1498d1400e8f4b4	Genghis_Khan	The Mongol Empire was governed by a civilian and military code, called the Yassa, created by Genghis Khan. The Mongol Empire did not emphasize the importance of ethnicity and race in the administrative realm, instead adopting an approach grounded in meritocracy. The exception was the role of Genghis Khan and his family...	What was the name of the Mongol Empire's legal code?	{ "answer_start": [ 75, 75, 75 ], "text": [ "Yassa", "Yassa", "Yassa" ] }	What was the name of [MASK] legal code?	[ 0.2793273627758026, 0.14794084429740906, -0.165720134973526, 0.254245400428772, 0.018049556761980057, -0.1111566573381424, 0.22212085127830505, -0.30716219544410706, 0.02997240237891674, 0.21617288887500763, -0.021179454401135445, 0.3609296381473541, -0.23110227286815643, -0.06973859667778...	On 21 May, Amer asked Nasser to order the Straits of Tiran blockaded, a move Nasser believed Israel would use as a casus belli. Amer reassured him that the army was prepared for confrontation, but Nasser doubted Amer's assessment of the military's readiness. According to Nasser's vice president Zakaria Mohieddin, altho...	Genghis Khan put absolute trust in his generals, such as Muqali, Jebe and Subutai, and regarded them as close advisors, often extending them the same privileges and trust normally reserved for close family members. He allowed them to make decisions on their own when they embarked on campaigns far from the Mongol Empire...	The Mongols' conquest, even by their own standards, was brutal. After the capital Samarkand fell, the capital was moved to Bukhara by the remaining men, while Genghis Khan ordered two of his generals and their forces to completely destroy the remnants of the Khwarezmid Empire, including not only royal buildings, but en...	Yassa	93,874
572736bff1498d1400e8f4b6	Genghis_Khan	The Mongol Empire was governed by a civilian and military code, called the Yassa, created by Genghis Khan. The Mongol Empire did not emphasize the importance of ethnicity and race in the administrative realm, instead adopting an approach grounded in meritocracy. The exception was the role of Genghis Khan and his family...	What was the guiding principle of the Mongol Empire code of conduct?	{ "answer_start": [ 250, 250, 250 ], "text": [ "meritocracy", "meritocracy", "meritocracy" ] }	What was the guiding principle of the [MASK] code of conduct?	[ 0.3820374608039856, 0.18860167264938354, 0.08701509237289429, 0.1408473700284958, 0.07597372680902481, -0.3214457631111145, 0.6036234498023987, -0.23463641107082367, 0.24824902415275574, -0.01379514578729868, 0.0018247629050165415, 0.43150773644447327, -0.30850669741630554, -0.107176743447...	Like Maradona, Ronaldo only stayed a short time before he left for Internazionale. However, new heroes emerged, such as Luís Figo, Patrick Kluivert, Luis Enrique and Rivaldo, and the team won a Copa del Rey and La Liga double in 1998. In 1999, the club celebrated its centenari, winning the Primera División title, and R...	Genghis Khan put absolute trust in his generals, such as Muqali, Jebe and Subutai, and regarded them as close advisors, often extending them the same privileges and trust normally reserved for close family members. He allowed them to make decisions on their own when they embarked on campaigns far from the Mongol Empire...	The Yuan dynasty (Chinese: 元朝; pinyin: Yuán Cháo), officially the Great Yuan (Chinese: 大元; pinyin: Dà Yuán; Mongolian: Yehe Yuan Ulus[a]), was the empire or ruling dynasty of China established by Kublai Khan, leader of the Mongolian Borjigin clan. Although the Mongols had ruled territories including today's North China...	meritocracy	93,875
572736bff1498d1400e8f4b7	Genghis_Khan	The Mongol Empire was governed by a civilian and military code, called the Yassa, created by Genghis Khan. The Mongol Empire did not emphasize the importance of ethnicity and race in the administrative realm, instead adopting an approach grounded in meritocracy. The exception was the role of Genghis Khan and his family...	Who was exempt from the meritocratic principles of the Mongol Empire?	{ "answer_start": [ 293, 293, 293 ], "text": [ "Genghis Khan and his family", "Genghis Khan and his family", "Genghis Khan and his family" ] }	Who was exempt from the meritocratic principles of [MASK]?	[ -0.16276299953460693, 0.36957430839538574, -0.11741868406534195, 0.24919737875461578, -0.03953729197382927, 0.1259230673313141, 0.3077453374862671, -0.320394366979599, 0.0324324294924736, -0.042488254606723785, -0.15197516977787018, 0.278549462556839, -0.353322833776474, -0.176132053136825...	At the same time, naval innovations led to a German domination of trade in the Baltic Sea and parts of Eastern Europe through the Hanseatic League. Along the trade routes, Hanseatic trade stations became centers of the German culture. German town law (Stadtrecht) was promoted by the presence of large, relatively wealth...	Genghis Khan put absolute trust in his generals, such as Muqali, Jebe and Subutai, and regarded them as close advisors, often extending them the same privileges and trust normally reserved for close family members. He allowed them to make decisions on their own when they embarked on campaigns far from the Mongol Empire...	There were tax exemptions for religious figures and, to some extent, teachers and doctors. The Mongol Empire practiced religious tolerance because Mongol tradition had long held that religion was a personal concept, and not subject to law or interference.[citation needed] Sometime before the rise of Genghis Khan, Ong K...	Genghis Khan and his family	93,876
572736bff1498d1400e8f4b8	Genghis_Khan	The Mongol Empire was governed by a civilian and military code, called the Yassa, created by Genghis Khan. The Mongol Empire did not emphasize the importance of ethnicity and race in the administrative realm, instead adopting an approach grounded in meritocracy. The exception was the role of Genghis Khan and his family...	Who is an example of the diversity of leadership in the Mongol Empire?	{ "answer_start": [ 666, 666, 666 ], "text": [ "Muhammad Khan", "Muhammad Khan", "Muhammad Khan" ] }	Who is an example of the diversity of leadership in [MASK]?	[ 0.07275933772325516, -0.07038864493370056, -0.14362648129463196, 0.23469892144203186, 0.18149714171886444, 0.09814685583114624, 0.14387550950050354, -0.11546815186738968, -0.22055582702159882, -0.22575639188289642, -0.22562454640865326, -0.0038056476041674614, -0.1398409903049469, -0.13902...	Lateral-cut disc records were developed in the United States by Emile Berliner, who named his system the "gramophone", distinguishing it from Edison's wax cylinder "phonograph" and Columbia's wax cylinder "graphophone". Berliner's earliest discs, first marketed in 1889, but only in Europe, were 5 inches (13 cm) in diam...	Genghis Khan put absolute trust in his generals, such as Muqali, Jebe and Subutai, and regarded them as close advisors, often extending them the same privileges and trust normally reserved for close family members. He allowed them to make decisions on their own when they embarked on campaigns far from the Mongol Empire...	The early Qing emperors adopted the bureaucratic structures and institutions from the preceding Ming dynasty but split rule between Han Chinese and Manchus, with some positions also given to Mongols. Like previous dynasties, the Qing recruited officials via the imperial examination system, until the system was abolishe...	Muhammad Khan	93,877
57273887dd62a815002e99a2	Genghis_Khan	There were tax exemptions for religious figures and, to some extent, teachers and doctors. The Mongol Empire practiced religious tolerance because Mongol tradition had long held that religion was a personal concept, and not subject to law or interference.[citation needed] Sometime before the rise of Genghis Khan, Ong K...	What perk did religious leaders, teachers, and doctors get in the Mongol Empire?	{ "answer_start": [ 11, 11, 11 ], "text": [ "tax exemptions", "tax exemptions", "tax exemptions" ] }	What perk did religious leaders, teachers, and doctors get in [MASK]?	[ 0.47862961888313293, 0.1549353003501892, 0.1161692813038826, 0.4419786334037781, -0.00005343667362467386, -0.04326123371720314, 0.19448252022266388, 0.20606999099254608, 0.03892832249403, -0.04184729605913162, 0.006794556975364685, 0.24084167182445526, 0.0929066613316536, -0.20399847626686...	The Traymore Hotel was located at the corner of Illinois Avenue and the boardwalk. Begun in 1879 as a small boarding house, the hotel grew through a series of uncoordinated expansions. By 1914, the hotel's owner, Daniel White, taking a hint from the Marlborough-Blenheim, commissioned the firm of Price and McLanahan to ...	With the example of the Ming court's relationship with the fifth Karmapa and other Tibetan leaders, Norbu states that Chinese Communist historians have failed to realize the significance of the religious aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship. He writes that the meetings of lamas with the Emperor of China were exchang...	However, Lok-Ham Chan, a professor of history at the University of Washington, writes that Changchub Gyaltsen's aims were to recreate the old Tibetan Kingdom that existed during the Chinese Tang dynasty, to build "nationalist sentiment" amongst Tibetans, and to "remove all traces of Mongol suzerainty." Georges Dreyfus,...	tax exemptions	93,878
57273887dd62a815002e99a3	Genghis_Khan	There were tax exemptions for religious figures and, to some extent, teachers and doctors. The Mongol Empire practiced religious tolerance because Mongol tradition had long held that religion was a personal concept, and not subject to law or interference.[citation needed] Sometime before the rise of Genghis Khan, Ong K...	Which of Genghis Khan's mentors practiced Christianity?	{ "answer_start": [ 315, 315, 315 ], "text": [ "Ong Khan", "Ong Khan", "Ong Khan" ] }	Which of [MASK] mentors practiced [MASK]?	[ 0.19951143860816956, 0.2810896635055542, -0.11056993156671524, 0.007780317682772875, 0.17166005074977875, 0.2255888730287552, 0.4042346775531769, -0.25370368361473083, 0.05637846142053604, -0.12472227215766907, 0.25769394636154175, 0.36849185824394226, 0.04000677540898323, -0.3468857705593...	The inventor Nicéphore Niépce produced the first permanent photograph on a polished pewter plate in Paris in 1825, and then developed the process with Louis Daguerre. The work of Étienne-Jules Marey in the 1880s contributed considerably to the development of modern photography. Photography came to occupy a central role...	With the example of the Ming court's relationship with the fifth Karmapa and other Tibetan leaders, Norbu states that Chinese Communist historians have failed to realize the significance of the religious aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship. He writes that the meetings of lamas with the Emperor of China were exchang...	The fourth Yuan emperor, Buyantu Khan (Ayurbarwada), was a competent emperor. He was the first Yuan emperor to actively support and adopt mainstream Chinese culture after the reign of Kublai, to the discontent of some Mongol elite. He had been mentored by Li Meng, a Confucian academic. He made many reforms, including t...	Ong Khan	93,879
57273887dd62a815002e99a4	Genghis_Khan	There were tax exemptions for religious figures and, to some extent, teachers and doctors. The Mongol Empire practiced religious tolerance because Mongol tradition had long held that religion was a personal concept, and not subject to law or interference.[citation needed] Sometime before the rise of Genghis Khan, Ong K...	How was religion handled in the Mongol Empire?	{ "answer_start": [ 196, 468, 196 ], "text": [ "a personal concept", "tolerance", "a personal concept, and not subject to law or interference" ] }	How was religion handled in [MASK]?	[ 0.025988582521677017, 0.129863440990448, -0.15139512717723846, 0.05971197411417961, -0.12309203296899796, 0.16353891789913177, 0.21343639492988586, -0.053889740258455276, 0.05259494110941887, 0.1885816752910614, -0.2524870038032532, 0.1652064025402069, 0.0628589317202568, -0.14242057502269...	An argument for idealism, such as those of Hegel and Berkeley, is ipso facto an argument against materialism. Matter can be argued to be redundant, as in bundle theory, and mind-independent properties can in turn be reduced to subjective percepts. Berkeley presents an example of the latter by pointing out that it is im...	With the example of the Ming court's relationship with the fifth Karmapa and other Tibetan leaders, Norbu states that Chinese Communist historians have failed to realize the significance of the religious aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship. He writes that the meetings of lamas with the Emperor of China were exchang...	The final years of the Yuan dynasty were marked by struggle, famine, and bitterness among the populace. In time, Kublai Khan's successors lost all influence on other Mongol lands across Asia, while the Mongols beyond the Middle Kingdom saw them as too Chinese. Gradually, they lost influence in China as well. The reigns...	a personal concept	93,880
57273887dd62a815002e99a5	Genghis_Khan	There were tax exemptions for religious figures and, to some extent, teachers and doctors. The Mongol Empire practiced religious tolerance because Mongol tradition had long held that religion was a personal concept, and not subject to law or interference.[citation needed] Sometime before the rise of Genghis Khan, Ong K...	What are examples of the various religions of Mongol tribes?	{ "answer_start": [ 424, 424, 424 ], "text": [ "Shamanist, Buddhist or Christian", "Shamanist, Buddhist or Christian", "Shamanist, Buddhist or Christian" ] }	What are examples of the various religions of [MASK] tribes?	[ 0.49147331714630127, 0.4959524869918823, -0.4546019434928894, 0.010322831571102142, 0.2125927358865738, 0.41085129976272583, 0.6373337507247925, 0.15086910128593445, -0.2136872112751007, -0.2602200210094452, -0.15258803963661194, 0.0045571401715278625, -0.26878029108047485, 0.0831355452537...	A number of players may be replaced by substitutes during the course of the game. The maximum number of substitutions permitted in most competitive international and domestic league games is three, though the permitted number may vary in other competitions or in friendly matches. Common reasons for a substitution inclu...	With the example of the Ming court's relationship with the fifth Karmapa and other Tibetan leaders, Norbu states that Chinese Communist historians have failed to realize the significance of the religious aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship. He writes that the meetings of lamas with the Emperor of China were exchang...	The most notable difference is that, contrary to other European heraldic systems, the Jews, Muslim Tatars or another minorities would be given the noble title. Also, most families sharing origin would also share a coat-of-arms. They would also share arms with families adopted into the clan (these would often have their...	Shamanist, Buddhist or Christian	93,881
572739a75951b619008f86f7	Genghis_Khan	Modern Mongolian historians say that towards the end of his life, Genghis Khan attempted to create a civil state under the Great Yassa that would have established the legal equality of all individuals, including women. However, there is no evidence of this, or of the lifting of discriminatory policies towards sedentary...	Which woman took a leadership role in the Mongol Empire while succession was being determined?	{ "answer_start": [ 435, 435, 435 ], "text": [ "Töregene Khatun", "Töregene Khatun", "Töregene Khatun" ] }	Which woman took a leadership role in [MASK] while succession was being determined?	[ -0.1706978678703308, -0.32342591881752014, -0.16977563500404358, 0.2730872631072998, 0.05977891758084297, 0.2504023611545563, 0.12988117337226868, -0.3382662832736969, -0.2212112993001938, 0.37902218103408813, 0.15429872274398804, 0.21193569898605347, 0.16638140380382538, -0.04680361971259...	The economy has been growing quickly in recent years. In both 2010 and 2011, the metro area's gross domestic product (GDP) led 27 other metropolitan areas in the country, according to the Conference Board of Canada, recording growth of 6.6 per cent and 5.8 per cent respectively. At $52,000 the city's per capita GDP is ...	With the example of the Ming court's relationship with the fifth Karmapa and other Tibetan leaders, Norbu states that Chinese Communist historians have failed to realize the significance of the religious aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship. He writes that the meetings of lamas with the Emperor of China were exchang...	Laird writes that Altan Khan abolished the native Mongol practices of shamanism and blood sacrifice, while the Mongol princes and subjects were coerced by Altan to convert to Gelug Buddhism—or face execution if they persisted in their shamanistic ways. Committed to their religious leader, Mongol princes began requestin...	Töregene Khatun	93,882
572739a75951b619008f86f8	Genghis_Khan	Modern Mongolian historians say that towards the end of his life, Genghis Khan attempted to create a civil state under the Great Yassa that would have established the legal equality of all individuals, including women. However, there is no evidence of this, or of the lifting of discriminatory policies towards sedentary...	What is the modern term for the Mongolian policies supporting trade and communication?	{ "answer_start": [ 620, 624, 624 ], "text": [ "the Pax Mongolica (Mongol Peace)", "Pax Mongolica", "Pax Mongolica (Mongol Peace)" ] }	What is the modern term for the [MASK] policies supporting trade and communication?	[ 0.26932936906814575, -0.09983557462692261, 0.3154236972332001, 0.19381359219551086, 0.24053359031677246, 0.09730052202939987, -0.12179958820343018, 0.1857256442308426, -0.13634422421455383, -0.14244376122951508, -0.3285248875617981, 0.35724329948425293, -0.11808431148529053, 0.228816375136...	Throughout its existence, Warsaw has been a multi-cultural city. According to the 1901 census, out of 711,988 inhabitants 56.2% were Catholics, 35.7% Jews, 5% Greek orthodox Christians and 2.8% Protestants. Eight years later, in 1909, there were 281,754 Jews (36.9%), 18,189 Protestants (2.4%) and 2,818 Mariavites (0.4%...	With the example of the Ming court's relationship with the fifth Karmapa and other Tibetan leaders, Norbu states that Chinese Communist historians have failed to realize the significance of the religious aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship. He writes that the meetings of lamas with the Emperor of China were exchang...	There are conflicting views of Genghis Khan in the People's Republic of China with some viewing him positively in the Inner Mongolia region where there are a monument and buildings about him and where there is a considerable number of Mongols in the area with a population of around 5 million, almost twice the populatio...	the Pax Mongolica (Mongol Peace)	93,883
572739a75951b619008f86f9	Genghis_Khan	Modern Mongolian historians say that towards the end of his life, Genghis Khan attempted to create a civil state under the Great Yassa that would have established the legal equality of all individuals, including women. However, there is no evidence of this, or of the lifting of discriminatory policies towards sedentary...	Who is an example of a sedentary people who were not favored by the laws of the Mongol Empire?	{ "answer_start": [ 337, 341, 341 ], "text": [ "the Chinese", "Chinese", "Chinese" ] }	Who is an example of a sedentary people who were not favored by the laws of [MASK]?	[ 0.3438546061515808, 0.026093510910868645, -0.09810414165258408, 0.01621398888528347, 0.14736516773700714, 0.32298049330711365, 0.34152752161026, -0.0470503494143486, -0.17363134026527405, -0.24376435577869415, -0.21818746626377106, -0.019827548414468765, -0.2976572513580322, -0.22446900606...	Madonna also began work on her thirteenth studio album, with collaborators including Avicii, Diplo and Natalia Kills. In December 2014, thirteen demos recorded for the album leaked onto the Internet. She posted in response that half of the tracks would not be used on the final release, while the other half had "changed...	With the example of the Ming court's relationship with the fifth Karmapa and other Tibetan leaders, Norbu states that Chinese Communist historians have failed to realize the significance of the religious aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship. He writes that the meetings of lamas with the Emperor of China were exchang...	Kublai Khan did not conquer the Song dynasty in South China until 1279, so Tibet was a component of the early Mongol Empire before it was combined into one of its descendant empires with the whole of China under the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368). Van Praag writes that this conquest "marked the end of independent China," whi...	the Chinese	93,884
572739a75951b619008f86fa	Genghis_Khan	Modern Mongolian historians say that towards the end of his life, Genghis Khan attempted to create a civil state under the Great Yassa that would have established the legal equality of all individuals, including women. However, there is no evidence of this, or of the lifting of discriminatory policies towards sedentary...	What do some modern historians claim Genghis Khan sought to add his legal code at the end of his reign?	{ "answer_start": [ 167, 167, 123 ], "text": [ "legal equality of all individuals, including women", "legal equality of all individuals", "Great Yassa" ] }	What do some modern historians claim [MASK] sought to add his legal code at the end of his reign?	[ -0.03679918870329857, 0.17702129483222961, -0.29455307126045227, 0.24963225424289703, 0.05396154895424843, 0.10045243799686432, 0.19261080026626587, -0.48420289158821106, -0.27519071102142334, -0.006051734555512667, -0.19551081955432892, 0.1555030196905136, -0.33698809146881104, -0.0378155...	The team played its first games in 1876 as a founding member of the National League (NL), eventually becoming known officially as the Chicago Cubs for the 1903 season. Officially, the Cubs are tied for the distinction of being the oldest currently active U.S. professional sports club, along with the Atlanta Braves, whi...	With the example of the Ming court's relationship with the fifth Karmapa and other Tibetan leaders, Norbu states that Chinese Communist historians have failed to realize the significance of the religious aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship. He writes that the meetings of lamas with the Emperor of China were exchang...	After the defeat of the Khwarezmian Empire in 1220, Genghis Khan gathered his forces in Persia and Armenia to return to the Mongolian steppes. Under the suggestion of Subutai, the Mongol army was split into two forces. Genghis Khan led the main army on a raid through Afghanistan and northern India towards Mongolia, whi...	legal equality of all individuals, including women	93,885
57273b1a5951b619008f8709	Genghis_Khan	Genghis Khan realised that he needed people who could govern cities and states conquered by him. He also realised that such administrators could not be found among his Mongol people because they were nomads and thus had no experience governing cities. For this purpose Genghis Khan invited a Khitan prince, Chu'Tsai, who...	Which Khitan prince became an important administrator in the Mongol Empire?	{ "answer_start": [ 307, 307, 307 ], "text": [ "Chu'Tsai", "Chu'Tsai", "Chu'Tsai," ] }	Which [MASK] prince became an important administrator in [MASK]?	[ -0.23683488368988037, -0.09123533219099045, -0.11073225736618042, 0.3838632106781006, -0.05808042362332344, -0.023680025711655617, 0.09031075984239578, -0.18070589005947113, -0.22985289990901947, -0.08596748858690262, -0.3386313021183014, -0.06657487899065018, -0.13102120161056519, -0.1148...	In 1 April 2012 by-elections the NLD won 43 of the 45 available seats; previously an illegal organisation, the NLD had never won a Burmese election until this time. The 2012 by-elections were also the first time that international representatives were allowed to monitor the voting process in Myanmar. Following announce...	Li Zicheng then led a coalition of rebel forces numbering 200,000[a] to confront Wu Sangui, the general commanding the Ming garrison at Shanhai Pass. Shanhai Pass is a pivotal pass of the Great Wall, located fifty miles northeast of Beijing, and for years its defenses kept the Manchus from directly raiding the Ming cap...	Genghis Khan is credited with bringing the Silk Road under one cohesive political environment. This allowed increased communication and trade between the West, Middle East and Asia, thus expanding the horizons of all three cultural areas. Some historians have noted that Genghis Khan instituted certain levels of meritoc...	Chu'Tsai	93,886
57273b1a5951b619008f870a	Genghis_Khan	Genghis Khan realised that he needed people who could govern cities and states conquered by him. He also realised that such administrators could not be found among his Mongol people because they were nomads and thus had no experience governing cities. For this purpose Genghis Khan invited a Khitan prince, Chu'Tsai, who...	Why would Mongols have too little experience to govern cities they conquered?	{ "answer_start": [ 190, 200, 200 ], "text": [ "they were nomads", "nomads", "nomads and thus had no experience governing cities" ] }	Why would [MASK] have too little experience to govern cities they conquered?	[ -0.030764613300561905, -0.046525437384843826, -0.20800171792507172, 0.4331579804420471, -0.051960840821266174, -0.14231674373149872, 0.23383724689483643, -0.22917771339416504, -0.12920404970645905, -0.11897242069244385, -0.034815650433301926, 0.14871323108673096, -0.12164150178432465, -0.1...	The number of entrants has increased greatly in recent years. In the 2004–05 season, 660 clubs entered the competition, beating the long-standing record of 656 from the 1921–22 season. In 2005–06 this increased to 674 entrants, in 2006–07 to 687, in 2007–08 to 731 clubs, and for the 2008–09 and 2009–10 competitions it ...	Li Zicheng then led a coalition of rebel forces numbering 200,000[a] to confront Wu Sangui, the general commanding the Ming garrison at Shanhai Pass. Shanhai Pass is a pivotal pass of the Great Wall, located fifty miles northeast of Beijing, and for years its defenses kept the Manchus from directly raiding the Ming cap...	In his usurpation of the throne from the Jianwen Emperor (r. 1398–1402), the Yongle Emperor was aided by the Buddhist monk Yao Guangxiao, and like his father, the Hongwu Emperor, the Yongle Emperor was "well-disposed towards Buddhism", claims Rossabi. On March 10, 1403, the Yongle Emperor invited Deshin Shekpa, 5th Kar...	they were nomads	93,887
57273b1a5951b619008f870b	Genghis_Khan	Genghis Khan realised that he needed people who could govern cities and states conquered by him. He also realised that such administrators could not be found among his Mongol people because they were nomads and thus had no experience governing cities. For this purpose Genghis Khan invited a Khitan prince, Chu'Tsai, who...	Khitan had been overthrown by which dynasty that Genghis Khan later defeated?	{ "answer_start": [ 417, 417, 391 ], "text": [ "Jin", "Jin", "Jin dynasty" ] }	[MASK] had been overthrown by which dynasty that [MASK] later defeated?	[ -0.1532190591096878, -0.08511603623628616, -0.19091573357582092, 0.24626851081848145, -0.04122578725218773, -0.050652701407670975, -0.039003800600767136, -0.17926742136478424, -0.38206714391708374, 0.12270133942365646, -0.2620511054992676, -0.05947893485426903, -0.07615118473768234, 0.1609...	where a single prime denotes the real part and a double prime the imaginary part, Z(ω) is the complex impedance with the dielectric present, Ccmplx(ω) is the so-called complex capacitance with the dielectric present, and C0 is the capacitance without the dielectric. (Measurement "without the dielectric" in principle me...	Li Zicheng then led a coalition of rebel forces numbering 200,000[a] to confront Wu Sangui, the general commanding the Ming garrison at Shanhai Pass. Shanhai Pass is a pivotal pass of the Great Wall, located fifty miles northeast of Beijing, and for years its defenses kept the Manchus from directly raiding the Ming cap...	In another incident, around 1177, he was captured in a raid and held prisoner by his father's former allies, the Tayichi'ud. The Tayichi'ud enslaved Temüjin (reportedly with a cangue, a sort of portable stocks), but with the help of a sympathetic guard, the father of Chilaun (who later became a general of Genghis Khan)...	Jin	93,888
57273b1a5951b619008f870c	Genghis_Khan	Genghis Khan realised that he needed people who could govern cities and states conquered by him. He also realised that such administrators could not be found among his Mongol people because they were nomads and thus had no experience governing cities. For this purpose Genghis Khan invited a Khitan prince, Chu'Tsai, who...	Who were Chu'Tsai's forefathers?	{ "answer_start": [ 516, 516, 516 ], "text": [ "Khitan rulers", "Khitan rulers", "Khitan rulers," ] }	Who were [MASK] 's forefathers?	[ 0.16928668320178986, 0.284719854593277, -0.18216824531555176, 0.12393079698085785, 0.2412828803062439, 0.39311400055885315, 0.11497501283884048, 0.05775846540927887, -0.07190478593111038, -0.24942876398563385, -0.012496395967900753, -0.14525358378887177, 0.009569521993398666, 0.38163295388...	Estonian (eesti keel [ˈeːsti ˈkeːl] ( listen)) is the official language of Estonia, spoken natively by about 1.1 million people in Estonia and tens of thousands in various migrant communities. It belongs to the Finnic branch of the Uralic language family.	Li Zicheng then led a coalition of rebel forces numbering 200,000[a] to confront Wu Sangui, the general commanding the Ming garrison at Shanhai Pass. Shanhai Pass is a pivotal pass of the Great Wall, located fifty miles northeast of Beijing, and for years its defenses kept the Manchus from directly raiding the Ming cap...	Soon after the victory in Ü-Tsang, Güshi Khan organized a welcoming ceremony for Lozang Gyatso once he arrived a day's ride from Shigatse, presenting his conquest of Tibet as a gift to the Dalai Lama. In a second ceremony held within the main hall of the Shigatse fortress, Güshi Khan enthroned the Dalai Lama as the rul...	Khitan rulers	93,889
57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e2	Genghis_Khan	Genghis Khan put absolute trust in his generals, such as Muqali, Jebe and Subutai, and regarded them as close advisors, often extending them the same privileges and trust normally reserved for close family members. He allowed them to make decisions on their own when they embarked on campaigns far from the Mongol Empire...	Who among Genghis Khan's subjects shared similar privileges to his close family members'?	{ "answer_start": [ 35, 57, 35 ], "text": [ "his generals", "Muqali, Jebe and Subutai", "his generals" ] }	Who among [MASK] subjects shared similar privileges to his close family members '?	[ 0.06407030671834946, -0.046345118433237076, 0.06906800717115402, 0.2585528790950775, -0.0229965727776289, 0.1740533411502838, 0.18896450102329254, -0.2974115312099457, -0.19610419869422913, 0.03228634223341942, -0.13315969705581665, -0.07392024993896484, -0.09000448137521744, -0.2445431500...	In Alberta, five bitumen upgraders produce synthetic crude oil and a variety of other products: The Suncor Energy upgrader near Fort McMurray, Alberta produces synthetic crude oil plus diesel fuel; the Syncrude Canada, Canadian Natural Resources, and Nexen upgraders near Fort McMurray produce synthetic crude oil; and t...	The succession of Genghis Khan was already a significant topic during the later years of his reign, as he reached old age. The long running paternity discussion about Genghis' oldest son Jochi was particularly contentious because of the seniority of Jochi among the brothers. According to traditional historical accounts...	Although the famous Mughal emperors were proud descendants of Genghis Khan and particularly Timur, they clearly distanced themselves from the Mongol atrocities committed against the Khwarizim Shahs, Turks, Persians, the citizens of Baghdad and Damascus, Nishapur, Bukhara and historical figures such as Attar of Nishapur...	his generals	93,890
57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e3	Genghis_Khan	Genghis Khan put absolute trust in his generals, such as Muqali, Jebe and Subutai, and regarded them as close advisors, often extending them the same privileges and trust normally reserved for close family members. He allowed them to make decisions on their own when they embarked on campaigns far from the Mongol Empire...	What was the capital of the Mongol Empire?	{ "answer_start": [ 329, 329, 329 ], "text": [ "Karakorum", "Karakorum", "Karakorum" ] }	What was the capital of [MASK]?	[ -0.15592904388904572, -0.03736257553100586, -0.012008666060864925, 0.3513079285621643, -0.20068100094795227, 0.2475915104150772, 0.06231445074081421, 0.17355695366859436, -0.3571913540363312, -0.016975967213511467, -0.1389688402414322, -0.25220027565956116, -0.24706457555294037, 0.00524377...	In 1958 as part of an experiment, Operation Argus, the United States Navy detonated an atomic bomb 160 kilometres (100 mi) high in the upper atmosphere about 175 kilometres (109 mi) southeast of the main island.	The succession of Genghis Khan was already a significant topic during the later years of his reign, as he reached old age. The long running paternity discussion about Genghis' oldest son Jochi was particularly contentious because of the seniority of Jochi among the brothers. According to traditional historical accounts...	In 1207, the Mongol ruler Genghis Khan (r. 1206–1227) conquered and subjugated the ethnic Tangut state of the Western Xia (1038–1227). In the same year, he established diplomatic relations with Tibet by sending envoys there. The conquest of the Western Xia alarmed Tibetan rulers, who decided to pay tribute to the Mongo...	Karakorum	93,891
57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e4	Genghis_Khan	Genghis Khan put absolute trust in his generals, such as Muqali, Jebe and Subutai, and regarded them as close advisors, often extending them the same privileges and trust normally reserved for close family members. He allowed them to make decisions on their own when they embarked on campaigns far from the Mongol Empire...	Who was delegated command of the Mongol forces against the Jin dynasty?	{ "answer_start": [ 340, 340, 340 ], "text": [ "Muqali", "Muqali", "Muqali," ] }	Who was delegated command of the [MASK] forces against the [MASK] dynasty?	[ -0.13238060474395752, 0.08076827228069305, -0.3232913315296173, 0.2743759751319885, -0.35958367586135864, 0.10757671296596527, -0.003724821610376239, -0.28275349736213684, -0.11216839402914047, -0.11758273094892502, -0.19713598489761353, 0.08032400161027908, 0.09740247577428818, -0.2250660...	The Romantic Movement of the early 19th century reshaped science by opening up new pursuits unexpected in the classical approaches of the Enlightenment. Major breakthroughs came in biology, especially in Darwin's theory of evolution, as well as physics (electromagnetism), mathematics (non-Euclidean geometry, group theo...	The succession of Genghis Khan was already a significant topic during the later years of his reign, as he reached old age. The long running paternity discussion about Genghis' oldest son Jochi was particularly contentious because of the seniority of Jochi among the brothers. According to traditional historical accounts...	In another incident, around 1177, he was captured in a raid and held prisoner by his father's former allies, the Tayichi'ud. The Tayichi'ud enslaved Temüjin (reportedly with a cangue, a sort of portable stocks), but with the help of a sympathetic guard, the father of Chilaun (who later became a general of Genghis Khan)...	Muqali	93,892
57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e5	Genghis_Khan	Genghis Khan put absolute trust in his generals, such as Muqali, Jebe and Subutai, and regarded them as close advisors, often extending them the same privileges and trust normally reserved for close family members. He allowed them to make decisions on their own when they embarked on campaigns far from the Mongol Empire...	Which two generals raided the Caucasas and Kievan Rus' for Genghis Khan?	{ "answer_start": [ 486, 486, 486 ], "text": [ "Subutai and Jebe", "Subutai and Jebe", "Subutai and Jebe" ] }	Which [MASK] generals raided the [MASK] and [MASK] for [MASK]?	[ 0.15950801968574524, 0.13659755885601044, -0.13236626982688904, 0.47244542837142944, 0.054947953671216965, 0.23586180806159973, 0.14639084041118622, -0.12498493492603302, -0.29634055495262146, 0.0487951785326004, -0.4192073941230774, 0.20251807570457458, -0.08249721676111221, -0.0038153503...	Northwestern's Evanston campus, where the undergraduate schools, the Graduate School, and the Kellogg School of Management are located, runs north-south from Lincoln Avenue to Clark Street west of Lake Michigan along Sheridan Road. North and South Campuses have noticeably different atmospheres, owing to the predominanc...	The succession of Genghis Khan was already a significant topic during the later years of his reign, as he reached old age. The long running paternity discussion about Genghis' oldest son Jochi was particularly contentious because of the seniority of Jochi among the brothers. According to traditional historical accounts...	At the same time the Mongols imported Central Asian Muslims to serve as administrators in China, the Mongols also sent Han Chinese and Khitans from China to serve as administrators over the Muslim population in Bukhara in Central Asia, using foreigners to curtail the power of the local peoples of both lands. Han Chines...	Subutai and Jebe	93,893
57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e6	Genghis_Khan	Genghis Khan put absolute trust in his generals, such as Muqali, Jebe and Subutai, and regarded them as close advisors, often extending them the same privileges and trust normally reserved for close family members. He allowed them to make decisions on their own when they embarked on campaigns far from the Mongol Empire...	What did Genghis Khan expect from his generals alongside the autonomy he granted them?	{ "answer_start": [ 751, 751, 751 ], "text": [ "unwavering loyalty", "unwavering loyalty", "unwavering loyalty" ] }	What did [MASK] expect from his generals alongside the autonomy he granted them?	[ -0.07972079515457153, 0.00724401930347085, -0.23463603854179382, 0.4920450448989868, -0.19711823761463165, 0.11167052388191223, -0.014885656535625458, -0.12862162292003632, -0.10553820431232452, -0.04920317232608795, -0.26001957058906555, 0.26828551292419434, -0.09031477570533752, -0.15906...	Anthropology of development tends to view development from a critical perspective. The kind of issues addressed and implications for the approach simply involve pondering why, if a key development goal is to alleviate poverty, is poverty increasing? Why is there such a gap between plans and outcomes? Why are those work...	The succession of Genghis Khan was already a significant topic during the later years of his reign, as he reached old age. The long running paternity discussion about Genghis' oldest son Jochi was particularly contentious because of the seniority of Jochi among the brothers. According to traditional historical accounts...	Temüjin began his ascent to power by offering himself as an ally (or, according to other sources, a vassal) to his father's anda (sworn brother or blood brother) Toghrul, who was Khan of the Keraites, and is better known by the Chinese title "Wang Khan", which the Jurchen Jin dynasty granted him in 1197. This relations...	unwavering loyalty	93,894
57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f6	Genghis_Khan	The Mongol military was also successful in siege warfare, cutting off resources for cities and towns by diverting certain rivers, taking enemy prisoners and driving them in front of the army, and adopting new ideas, techniques and tools from the people they conquered, particularly in employing Muslim and Chinese siege ...	What would Mongol armies divert in order to cut off the resources of cities they were attacking?	{ "answer_start": [ 122, 122, 122 ], "text": [ "rivers", "rivers", "rivers" ] }	What would [MASK] armies divert in order to cut off the resources of cities they were attacking?	[ 0.1625787764787674, -0.19299660623073578, -0.0037699537351727486, 0.36321553587913513, -0.2854156196117401, 0.4386114776134491, 0.1038791835308075, -0.0036128757055848837, -0.24068179726600647, -0.3167913258075714, -0.17129704356193542, 0.07362654060125351, -0.26751014590263367, -0.1272427...	In 1945, Plymouth-born Michael Foot was elected Labour MP for the war-torn constituency of Plymouth Devonport and after serving as Secretary of State for Education and responsible for the 1974 Health and Safety at Work Act, went on to become one of the most distinguished leaders of the Labour party.	The rapid expansion of the Rus' to the south led to conflict and volatile relationships with the Khazars and other neighbors on the Pontic steppe. The Khazars dominated the Black Sea steppe during the 8th century, trading and frequently allying with the Byzantine Empire against Persians and Arabs. In the late 8th centu...	Kuchlug, the deposed Khan of the Naiman confederation that Temüjin defeated and folded into his Mongol Empire, fled west and usurped the khanate of Qara Khitai (also known as the Western Liao, as it was originally established as remnants of the Liao dynasty). Genghis Khan decided to conquer the Qara Khitai and defeat K...	rivers	93,895
57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f7	Genghis_Khan	The Mongol military was also successful in siege warfare, cutting off resources for cities and towns by diverting certain rivers, taking enemy prisoners and driving them in front of the army, and adopting new ideas, techniques and tools from the people they conquered, particularly in employing Muslim and Chinese siege ...	What were the cultural origins of the engineers and technology adopted by the Mongol military?	{ "answer_start": [ 295, 295, 295 ], "text": [ "Muslim and Chinese", "Muslim and Chinese", "Muslim and Chinese" ] }	What were the cultural origins of the engineers and technology adopted by the [MASK] military?	[ 0.3611468970775604, 0.41459131240844727, -0.20046794414520264, 0.2875734865665436, 0.14889569580554962, 0.4740198850631714, -0.019968306645751, -0.013515321537852287, 0.023942455649375916, -0.296836793422699, -0.16544340550899506, 0.05648086965084076, 0.22413644194602966, 0.030205445364117...	On 11 July 2011, Neptune completed its first full barycentric orbit since its discovery in 1846, although it did not appear at its exact discovery position in the sky, because Earth was in a different location in its 365.26-day orbit. Because of the motion of the Sun in relation to the barycentre of the Solar System, o...	The rapid expansion of the Rus' to the south led to conflict and volatile relationships with the Khazars and other neighbors on the Pontic steppe. The Khazars dominated the Black Sea steppe during the 8th century, trading and frequently allying with the Byzantine Empire against Persians and Arabs. In the late 8th centu...	Qin armies finished their conquest of the kingdoms of Shu and Ba by 316 BC. Any written records and civil achievements of earlier kingdoms were destroyed. Qin administrators introduced improved agricultural technology. Li Bing, engineered the Dujiangyan irrigation system to control the Min River, a major tributary of t...	Muslim and Chinese	93,896
57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f8	Genghis_Khan	The Mongol military was also successful in siege warfare, cutting off resources for cities and towns by diverting certain rivers, taking enemy prisoners and driving them in front of the army, and adopting new ideas, techniques and tools from the people they conquered, particularly in employing Muslim and Chinese siege ...	How did Mongol armies lure enemy groups out of their defensive positions?	{ "answer_start": [ 463, 463, 463 ], "text": [ "feigned retreat", "feigned retreat", "feigned retreat" ] }	How did [MASK] armies lure enemy groups out of their defensive positions?	[ 0.04306264594197273, -0.022867819294333458, -0.09841631352901459, 0.19856861233711243, 0.1344710737466812, 0.3232256770133972, 0.4161142408847809, -0.24923403561115265, -0.109804168343544, -0.12395896017551422, -0.1816185712814331, -0.10235234349966049, -0.0011466601863503456, -0.242111310...	Cetaceans were historically abundant around the island as commercial hunts on the island was operating until 1956. Today, numbers of larger whales have disappeared, but even today many species such humpback whale, minke whale, sei whale, and dolphins can be observed close to shores, and scientific surveys have been con...	The rapid expansion of the Rus' to the south led to conflict and volatile relationships with the Khazars and other neighbors on the Pontic steppe. The Khazars dominated the Black Sea steppe during the 8th century, trading and frequently allying with the Byzantine Empire against Persians and Arabs. In the late 8th centu...	Contrary to popular belief, Genghis Khan did not conquer all the areas ultimately part of the Mongol Empire. At the time of his death, the Mongol Empire stretched from the Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan. The empire's expansion continued for a generation or more after Genghis's death in 1227. Under Genghis's successor ...	feigned retreat	93,897
57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f9	Genghis_Khan	The Mongol military was also successful in siege warfare, cutting off resources for cities and towns by diverting certain rivers, taking enemy prisoners and driving them in front of the army, and adopting new ideas, techniques and tools from the people they conquered, particularly in employing Muslim and Chinese siege ...	How were enemy prisoners used tactically by Mongol armies?	{ "answer_start": [ 157, 157, 157 ], "text": [ "driving them in front of the army", "driving them in front of the army", "driving them in front of the army" ] }	How were enemy prisoners used tactically by [MASK] armies?	[ -0.062358684837818146, -0.049559298902750015, -0.6651703715324402, 0.43388038873672485, 0.030160369351506233, 0.706996738910675, 0.3093879520893097, -0.29927337169647217, -0.12948176264762878, -0.1794067621231079, -0.31389644742012024, -0.019949357956647873, -0.09768038988113403, -0.364595...	In the meantime, on August 1, 1774, an experiment conducted by the British clergyman Joseph Priestley focused sunlight on mercuric oxide (HgO) inside a glass tube, which liberated a gas he named "dephlogisticated air". He noted that candles burned brighter in the gas and that a mouse was more active and lived longer wh...	The rapid expansion of the Rus' to the south led to conflict and volatile relationships with the Khazars and other neighbors on the Pontic steppe. The Khazars dominated the Black Sea steppe during the 8th century, trading and frequently allying with the Byzantine Empire against Persians and Arabs. In the late 8th centu...	The Mongols learned from captives of the abundant green pastures beyond the Bulgar territory, allowing for the planning for conquest of Hungary and Europe. Genghis Khan recalled Subutai back to Mongolia soon afterwards, and Jebe died on the road back to Samarkand. The famous cavalry expedition led by Subutai and Jebe, ...	driving them in front of the army	93,898
57273dccdd62a815002e99fa	Genghis_Khan	Contrary to popular belief, Genghis Khan did not conquer all the areas ultimately part of the Mongol Empire. At the time of his death, the Mongol Empire stretched from the Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan. The empire's expansion continued for a generation or more after Genghis's death in 1227. Under Genghis's successor ...	What sea bordered Genghis Khan's empire to the east when he died?	{ "answer_start": [ 191, 191, 172 ], "text": [ "Sea of Japan", "Sea of Japan", "Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan" ] }	What sea bordered [MASK] empire to the east when he died?	[ -0.2743520736694336, -0.11459854990243912, -0.029591906815767288, 0.2507069706916809, 0.26280477643013, 0.08912595361471176, -0.2346227616071701, -0.011344130150973797, -0.2265489250421524, -0.10543163865804672, -0.15144473314285278, -0.009282604791224003, 0.029133465141057968, 0.033017829...	Prajñā (Sanskrit) or paññā (Pāli) means wisdom that is based on a realization of dependent origination, The Four Noble Truths and the three marks of existence. Prajñā is the wisdom that is able to extinguish afflictions and bring about bodhi. It is spoken of as the principal means of attaining nirvāṇa, through its reve...	There are conflicting views of Genghis Khan in the People's Republic of China with some viewing him positively in the Inner Mongolia region where there are a monument and buildings about him and where there is a considerable number of Mongols in the area with a population of around 5 million, almost twice the populatio...	There are conflicting views of Genghis Khan in the People's Republic of China with some viewing him positively in the Inner Mongolia region where there are a monument and buildings about him and where there is a considerable number of Mongols in the area with a population of around 5 million, almost twice the populatio...	Sea of Japan	93,899
57273dccdd62a815002e99fb	Genghis_Khan	Contrary to popular belief, Genghis Khan did not conquer all the areas ultimately part of the Mongol Empire. At the time of his death, the Mongol Empire stretched from the Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan. The empire's expansion continued for a generation or more after Genghis's death in 1227. Under Genghis's successor ...	What body of water sat to the west of the Mongol Empire when Genghis Khan died?	{ "answer_start": [ 172, 172, 172 ], "text": [ "Caspian Sea", "Caspian Sea", "Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan" ] }	What body of water sat to the west of [MASK] when [MASK] died?	[ 0.007020212709903717, -0.04639212414622307, 0.047380056232213974, 0.2999067008495331, 0.1937149614095688, 0.02575373463332653, 0.09239897131919861, -0.06285883486270905, -0.05039094388484955, -0.1771656721830368, -0.06336046755313873, 0.027611035853624344, 0.14198169112205505, 0.0776274874...	The first major extension of New Delhi outside of Lutyens' Delhi came in the 1950s when the Central Public Works Department (CPWD) developed a large area of land southwest of Lutyens' Delhi to create the diplomatic enclave of Chanakyapuri, where land was allotted for embassies, chanceries, high commissions and residenc...	There are conflicting views of Genghis Khan in the People's Republic of China with some viewing him positively in the Inner Mongolia region where there are a monument and buildings about him and where there is a considerable number of Mongols in the area with a population of around 5 million, almost twice the populatio...	The Xiongnu, a nomadic steppe confederation, defeated the Han in 200 BC and forced the Han to submit as a de facto inferior partner, but continued their raids on the Han borders. Emperor Wu of Han (r. 141–87 BC) launched several military campaigns against them. The ultimate Han victory in these wars eventually forced t...	Caspian Sea	93,900
57273dccdd62a815002e99fc	Genghis_Khan	Contrary to popular belief, Genghis Khan did not conquer all the areas ultimately part of the Mongol Empire. At the time of his death, the Mongol Empire stretched from the Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan. The empire's expansion continued for a generation or more after Genghis's death in 1227. Under Genghis's successor ...	Who led the most rapid expansion of the Mongol Empire?	{ "answer_start": [ 320, 320, 320 ], "text": [ "Ögedei Khan", "Ögedei Khan", "Ögedei Khan" ] }	Who led the most rapid expansion of [MASK]?	[ -0.27600815892219543, -0.2302521914243698, -0.01907164976000786, 0.16836848855018616, 0.027342895045876503, 0.14591026306152344, -0.04190695285797119, -0.08583206683397293, -0.5050036311149597, -0.15144328773021698, -0.018432579934597015, -0.1343890130519867, -0.08270890265703201, 0.180003...	Public Safety Canada’s Canadian Cyber Incident Response Centre (CCIRC) is responsible for mitigating and responding to threats to Canada’s critical infrastructure and cyber systems. The CCIRC provides support to mitigate cyber threats, technical support to respond and recover from targeted cyber attacks, and provides o...	There are conflicting views of Genghis Khan in the People's Republic of China with some viewing him positively in the Inner Mongolia region where there are a monument and buildings about him and where there is a considerable number of Mongols in the area with a population of around 5 million, almost twice the populatio...	There are conflicting views of Genghis Khan in the People's Republic of China with some viewing him positively in the Inner Mongolia region where there are a monument and buildings about him and where there is a considerable number of Mongols in the area with a population of around 5 million, almost twice the populatio...	Ögedei Khan	93,901
57273dccdd62a815002e99fd	Genghis_Khan	Contrary to popular belief, Genghis Khan did not conquer all the areas ultimately part of the Mongol Empire. At the time of his death, the Mongol Empire stretched from the Caspian Sea to the Sea of Japan. The empire's expansion continued for a generation or more after Genghis's death in 1227. Under Genghis's successor ...	What year was the conflict with the Song dynasty concluded?	{ "answer_start": [ 570, 570, 570 ], "text": [ "1279", "1279", "1279" ] }	What year was the conflict with the [MASK] dynasty concluded?	[ -0.2614540457725525, 0.16405069828033447, -0.030003342777490616, 0.18009449541568756, -0.3388240933418274, -0.03584412857890129, 0.08946771919727325, -0.03174547106027603, -0.2661927342414856, 0.1196155920624733, -0.14768145978450775, 0.06885690987110138, 0.2065514326095581, 0.245502427220...	In modern particle physics, forces and the acceleration of particles are explained as a mathematical by-product of exchange of momentum-carrying gauge bosons. With the development of quantum field theory and general relativity, it was realized that force is a redundant concept arising from conservation of momentum (4-m...	There are conflicting views of Genghis Khan in the People's Republic of China with some viewing him positively in the Inner Mongolia region where there are a monument and buildings about him and where there is a considerable number of Mongols in the area with a population of around 5 million, almost twice the populatio...	The dynasty was founded by the Jurchen Aisin Gioro clan in Manchuria. In the late sixteenth century, Nurhaci, originally a Ming vassal, began organizing Jurchen clans into "Banners", military-social units. Nurhaci formed these clans into a unified entity, the subjects of which became known collectively as the Manchu pe...	1279	93,902
57273eecf1498d1400e8f51e	Genghis_Khan	Genghis Khan is credited with bringing the Silk Road under one cohesive political environment. This allowed increased communication and trade between the West, Middle East and Asia, thus expanding the horizons of all three cultural areas. Some historians have noted that Genghis Khan instituted certain levels of meritoc...	To which trading route did Genghis Khan bring a stable political climate?	{ "answer_start": [ 39, 43, 43 ], "text": [ "the Silk Road", "Silk Road", "Silk Road" ] }	To which trading route did [MASK] bring a stable political climate?	[ -0.29710814356803894, -0.19190378487110138, 0.1114325150847435, 0.2828671634197235, 0.2929087281227112, 0.11923409253358841, -0.07592256367206573, 0.1252053827047348, -0.10851839184761047, -0.32294631004333496, -0.06867677718400955, -0.00898499134927988, -0.21837647259235382, -0.2752486169...	Apple discontinued the use of PowerPC microprocessors in 2006. At WWDC 2005, Steve Jobs announced this transition, revealing that Mac OS X was always developed to run on both the Intel and PowerPC architectures. All new Macs now use x86 processors made by Intel, and some were renamed as a result. Intel-based Macs runni...	The Yuan undertook extensive public works. Among Kublai Khan's top engineers and scientists was the astronomer Guo Shoujing, who was tasked with many public works projects and helped the Yuan reform the lunisolar calendar to provide an accuracy of 365.2425 days of the year, which was only 26 seconds off the modern Greg...	In 1207, the Mongol ruler Genghis Khan (r. 1206–1227) conquered and subjugated the ethnic Tangut state of the Western Xia (1038–1227). In the same year, he established diplomatic relations with Tibet by sending envoys there. The conquest of the Western Xia alarmed Tibetan rulers, who decided to pay tribute to the Mongo...	the Silk Road	93,903
57273eecf1498d1400e8f51f	Genghis_Khan	Genghis Khan is credited with bringing the Silk Road under one cohesive political environment. This allowed increased communication and trade between the West, Middle East and Asia, thus expanding the horizons of all three cultural areas. Some historians have noted that Genghis Khan instituted certain levels of meritoc...	In which Middle Eastern country is Genghis Khan's title a popular name for male children?	{ "answer_start": [ 423, 423, 423 ], "text": [ "Turkey", "Turkey", "Turkey," ] }	In which [MASK] country is [MASK] title a popular name for male children?	[ -0.07115060836076736, 0.17106078565120697, -0.12361622601747513, 0.15889379382133484, 0.12596367299556732, 0.2102528214454651, 0.27293094992637634, 0.054041627794504166, -0.28388160467147827, 0.39155957102775574, -0.6173593997955322, -0.05982556566596031, 0.2251618504524231, 0.106593906879...	Between January and May 1673, the Dutch East India Company forcibly took the island, before English reinforcements restored English East India Company control. The company experienced difficulty attracting new immigrants, and sentiments of unrest and rebellion fomented among the inhabitants. Ecological problems, includ...	The Yuan undertook extensive public works. Among Kublai Khan's top engineers and scientists was the astronomer Guo Shoujing, who was tasked with many public works projects and helped the Yuan reform the lunisolar calendar to provide an accuracy of 365.2425 days of the year, which was only 26 seconds off the modern Greg...	Kublai Khan promoted commercial, scientific, and cultural growth. He supported the merchants of the Silk Road trade network by protecting the Mongol postal system, constructing infrastructure, providing loans that financed trade caravans, and encouraging the circulation of paper banknotes (鈔, Chao). Pax Mongolica, Mong...	Turkey	93,904
57273eecf1498d1400e8f520	Genghis_Khan	Genghis Khan is credited with bringing the Silk Road under one cohesive political environment. This allowed increased communication and trade between the West, Middle East and Asia, thus expanding the horizons of all three cultural areas. Some historians have noted that Genghis Khan instituted certain levels of meritoc...	What was the Genghis Khan's characteristic approach to religious diversity?	{ "answer_start": [ 342, 342, 342 ], "text": [ "tolerant", "tolerant", "tolerant of religions" ] }	What was [MASK] 's characteristic approach to religious diversity?	[ 0.08979909867048264, 0.03656948730349541, -0.2004879117012024, -0.13141824305057526, -0.2137211710214615, 0.2724789083003998, 0.5175600051879883, 0.007842058315873146, 0.04659345746040344, -0.0756579115986824, -0.3610049784183502, -0.033161524683237076, -0.10680041462182999, 0.027374600991...	Japanese land forces continued to advance in the Solomon Islands and New Guinea. From July 1942, a few Australian reserve battalions, many of them very young and untrained, fought a stubborn rearguard action in New Guinea, against a Japanese advance along the Kokoda Track, towards Port Moresby, over the rugged Owen Sta...	The Yuan undertook extensive public works. Among Kublai Khan's top engineers and scientists was the astronomer Guo Shoujing, who was tasked with many public works projects and helped the Yuan reform the lunisolar calendar to provide an accuracy of 365.2425 days of the year, which was only 26 seconds off the modern Greg...	There were tax exemptions for religious figures and, to some extent, teachers and doctors. The Mongol Empire practiced religious tolerance because Mongol tradition had long held that religion was a personal concept, and not subject to law or interference.[citation needed] Sometime before the rise of Genghis Khan, Ong K...	tolerant	93,905

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