id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 4.06k | question stringlengths 1 25.7k | answers dict | masked_query stringlengths 1 25.7k | query_embedding list | random_answer stringlengths 151 4.06k | similar_answer stringlengths 152 4.06k | similar_answer_v2 stringlengths 151 4.06k ⌀ | answer stringlengths 1 239 | __index_level_0__ int64 0 98.2k |
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57273eecf1498d1400e8f521 | Genghis_Khan | Genghis Khan is credited with bringing the Silk Road under one cohesive political environment. This allowed increased communication and trade between the West, Middle East and Asia, thus expanding the horizons of all three cultural areas. Some historians have noted that Genghis Khan instituted certain levels of meritoc... | What effect did Genghis Khan's career have on communication and trade across Asia? | {
"answer_start": [
108,
187,
108
],
"text": [
"increased",
"expanding the horizons",
"increased communication and trade"
]
} | What effect did [MASK] career have on communication and trade across [MASK]? | [
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5727404b708984140094db59 | Genghis_Khan | In the early 1990s the memory of Genghis Khan with the Mongolian national identity has had a powerful revival partly because of his perception during the Mongolian People's Republic period. Genghis Khan became one of the central figures of the national identity. He is looked upon positively by Mongolians for his role i... | What recent decade saw brightening of the perception of Genghis Khan in Mongolia? | {
"answer_start": [
13,
13,
13
],
"text": [
"1990s",
"1990s",
"1990s"
]
} | What [MASK] saw brightening of the perception of [MASK] in [MASK]? | [
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0.315544903278350... | In 2005, in order to host The 10th National Game of People's Republic of China, there was a new stadium, Nanjing Olympic Sports Center, constructed in Nanjing. Compared to Wutaishan Sports Center, which the major stadium's capacity is 18,500, Nanjing Olympic Sports Center has a more advanced stadium which is big enough... | In another incident, around 1177, he was captured in a raid and held prisoner by his father's former allies, the Tayichi'ud. The Tayichi'ud enslaved Temüjin (reportedly with a cangue, a sort of portable stocks), but with the help of a sympathetic guard, the father of Chilaun (who later became a general of Genghis Khan)... | Accounts of Genghis Khan's life are marked by claims of a series of betrayals and conspiracies. These include rifts with his early allies such as Jamukha (who also wanted to be a ruler of Mongol tribes) and Wang Khan (his and his father's ally), his son Jochi, and problems with the most important shaman, who was allege... | 1990s | 93,907 |
5727404b708984140094db5a | Genghis_Khan | In the early 1990s the memory of Genghis Khan with the Mongolian national identity has had a powerful revival partly because of his perception during the Mongolian People's Republic period. Genghis Khan became one of the central figures of the national identity. He is looked upon positively by Mongolians for his role i... | What is the key accomplishment of Genghis Khan that modern Mongolians celebrate? | {
"answer_start": [
322,
322,
322
],
"text": [
"uniting warring tribes",
"uniting warring tribes",
"uniting warring tribes"
]
} | What is the key accomplishment of [MASK] that modern [MASK] celebrate? | [
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0.3029193580150... | In 1226, immediately after returning from the west, Genghis Khan began a retaliatory attack on the Tanguts. His armies quickly took Heisui, Ganzhou, and Suzhou (not the Suzhou in Jiangsu province), and in the autumn he took Xiliang-fu[disambiguation needed]. One of the Tangut generals challenged the Mongols to a battle... | In another incident, around 1177, he was captured in a raid and held prisoner by his father's former allies, the Tayichi'ud. The Tayichi'ud enslaved Temüjin (reportedly with a cangue, a sort of portable stocks), but with the help of a sympathetic guard, the father of Chilaun (who later became a general of Genghis Khan)... | In 1980, the Soviet Union, which then ruled his birthplace Bukhara, celebrated the thousandth anniversary of Avicenna's birth by circulating various commemorative stamps with artistic illustrations, and by erecting a bust of Avicenna based on anthropological research by Soviet scholars.[citation needed] Near his birthp... | uniting warring tribes | 93,908 |
5727404b708984140094db5b | Genghis_Khan | In the early 1990s the memory of Genghis Khan with the Mongolian national identity has had a powerful revival partly because of his perception during the Mongolian People's Republic period. Genghis Khan became one of the central figures of the national identity. He is looked upon positively by Mongolians for his role i... | How do Mongolians sometime describe their relationship to Genghis Khan? | {
"answer_start": [
467,
467,
521
],
"text": [
"Genghis Khan's children",
"Genghis Khan's children",
"father of the Mongols"
]
} | How do [MASK] sometime describe their relationship to [MASK]? | [
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-0.0179640967398881... | In the face of the country being re-occupied by the Red Army, tens of thousands of Estonians (including a majority of the education, culture, science, political and social specialists) chose to either retreat with the Germans or flee to Finland or Sweden where they sought refuge in other western countries, often by ref... | In another incident, around 1177, he was captured in a raid and held prisoner by his father's former allies, the Tayichi'ud. The Tayichi'ud enslaved Temüjin (reportedly with a cangue, a sort of portable stocks), but with the help of a sympathetic guard, the father of Chilaun (who later became a general of Genghis Khan)... | The succession of Genghis Khan was already a significant topic during the later years of his reign, as he reached old age. The long running paternity discussion about Genghis' oldest son Jochi was particularly contentious because of the seniority of Jochi among the brothers. According to traditional historical accounts... | Genghis Khan's children | 93,909 |
5727404b708984140094db5c | Genghis_Khan | In the early 1990s the memory of Genghis Khan with the Mongolian national identity has had a powerful revival partly because of his perception during the Mongolian People's Republic period. Genghis Khan became one of the central figures of the national identity. He is looked upon positively by Mongolians for his role i... | What do some Mongolians feel non-Mongolian historians exaggerate about Genghis Khan? | {
"answer_start": [
632,
775,
771
],
"text": [
"his brutality",
"butchery",
"his butchery"
]
} | What do some [MASK] feel [MASK] historians exaggerate about [MASK]? | [
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0.364913910... | Born in 1926, Harper Lee grew up in the Southern town of Monroeville, Alabama, where she became close friends with soon-to-be famous writer Truman Capote. She attended Huntingdon College in Montgomery (1944–45), and then studied law at the University of Alabama (1945–49). While attending college, she wrote for campus l... | In another incident, around 1177, he was captured in a raid and held prisoner by his father's former allies, the Tayichi'ud. The Tayichi'ud enslaved Temüjin (reportedly with a cangue, a sort of portable stocks), but with the help of a sympathetic guard, the father of Chilaun (who later became a general of Genghis Khan)... | Some critics of Stalin's policy, such as the popular writer Viktor Suvorov, claim that Stalin's primary motive for signing the Soviet–German non-aggression treaty was his calculation that such a pact could result in a conflict between the capitalist countries of Western Europe.[citation needed] This idea is supported b... | his brutality | 93,910 |
5727404b708984140094db5d | Genghis_Khan | In the early 1990s the memory of Genghis Khan with the Mongolian national identity has had a powerful revival partly because of his perception during the Mongolian People's Republic period. Genghis Khan became one of the central figures of the national identity. He is looked upon positively by Mongolians for his role i... | What is the general perception of non-Mongolian histories of Genghis Khan by Mongolians themselves? | {
"answer_start": [
725,
725,
806
],
"text": [
"unfairly biased",
"unfairly biased",
"his positive role is underrated"
]
} | What is the general perception of [MASK] histories of [MASK] by [MASK] themselves? | [
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0.223245412111282... | Years later, Kaunitz kept trying to establish France's alliance with Austria. He tried as hard as he could for Austria to not get entangled in Hanover's political affairs, and was even willing to trade Austrian Netherlands for France's aid in recapturing Silesia. Frustrated by this decision and by the Dutch Republic's ... | In another incident, around 1177, he was captured in a raid and held prisoner by his father's former allies, the Tayichi'ud. The Tayichi'ud enslaved Temüjin (reportedly with a cangue, a sort of portable stocks), but with the help of a sympathetic guard, the father of Chilaun (who later became a general of Genghis Khan)... | Rawski writes that Altan Khan's conversion to the Gelug "can be interpreted as an attempt to expand his authority in his conflict with his nominal superior, Tümen Khan." To further cement the Mongol-Tibetan alliance, the great-grandson of Altan Khan—the 4th Dalai Lama (1589–1616)—was made the fourth Dalai Lama. In 1642... | unfairly biased | 93,911 |
57274126dd62a815002e9a24 | Genghis_Khan | In Mongolia today, Genghis Khan's name and likeness are endorsed on products, streets, buildings, and other places. His face can be found on everyday commodities, from liquor bottles to candy products, and on the largest denominations of 500, 1,000, 5,000, 10,000, and 20,000 Mongolian tögrög (₮). Mongolia's main intern... | What is the name of contemporary Mongolian currency? | {
"answer_start": [
286,
286,
286
],
"text": [
"tögrög",
"tögrög",
"tögrög"
]
} | What is the name of contemporary [MASK] currency? | [
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0.21626800298690... | The control of migration, its timing and response are genetically controlled and appear to be a primitive trait that is present even in non-migratory species of birds. The ability to navigate and orient themselves during migration is a much more complex phenomenon that may include both endogenous programs as well as le... |
Kazakhstan: The first torchbearer in Almaty, where the Olympic torch arrived for the first time ever on April 2, was the President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbaev. The route ran 20 km from Medeo stadium to Astana Square. There were reports that Uighur activists were arrested and some were deported back to China. | Faced with growing separatism, Gorbachev sought to restructure the Soviet Union into a less centralized state. On August 20, 1991, the Russian SFSR was scheduled to sign a New Union Treaty that would have converted the Soviet Union into a federation of independent republics with a common president, foreign policy and m... | tögrög | 93,912 |
57274126dd62a815002e9a25 | Genghis_Khan | In Mongolia today, Genghis Khan's name and likeness are endorsed on products, streets, buildings, and other places. His face can be found on everyday commodities, from liquor bottles to candy products, and on the largest denominations of 500, 1,000, 5,000, 10,000, and 20,000 Mongolian tögrög (₮). Mongolia's main intern... | Whose likeness is on the larger denominations of Mongolian currency? | {
"answer_start": [
19,
19
],
"text": [
"Genghis Khan",
"Genghis Khan's"
]
} | Whose likeness is on the larger denominations of [MASK] currency? | [
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0.1338413059711... | The city's main theatres are the Theatre Royal (1,315 capacity), its Drum Theatre (200 capacity), and its production and creative learning centre, The TR2. The Plymouth Pavilions has multiple uses for the city staging music concerts, basketball matches and stand-up comedy. There are also three cinemas: Reel Cinema at D... |
Kazakhstan: The first torchbearer in Almaty, where the Olympic torch arrived for the first time ever on April 2, was the President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbaev. The route ran 20 km from Medeo stadium to Astana Square. There were reports that Uighur activists were arrested and some were deported back to China. | Laird writes that Altan Khan abolished the native Mongol practices of shamanism and blood sacrifice, while the Mongol princes and subjects were coerced by Altan to convert to Gelug Buddhism—or face execution if they persisted in their shamanistic ways. Committed to their religious leader, Mongol princes began requestin... | Genghis Khan | 93,913 |
57274126dd62a815002e9a26 | Genghis_Khan | In Mongolia today, Genghis Khan's name and likeness are endorsed on products, streets, buildings, and other places. His face can be found on everyday commodities, from liquor bottles to candy products, and on the largest denominations of 500, 1,000, 5,000, 10,000, and 20,000 Mongolian tögrög (₮). Mongolia's main intern... | What is the name of Mongolia's largest airport? | {
"answer_start": [
360,
360,
360
],
"text": [
"Chinggis Khaan International Airport",
"Chinggis Khaan International Airport",
"Chinggis Khaan International Airport"
]
} | What is the name of [MASK] 's largest airport? | [
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0.15453664958477... | The Company's headquarters in London, from which much of India was governed, was East India House in Leadenhall Street. After occupying premises in Philpot Lane from 1600 to 1621; in Crosby House, Bishopsgate, from 1621 to 1638; and in Leadenhall Street from 1638 to 1648, the Company moved into Craven House, an Elizabe... |
Kazakhstan: The first torchbearer in Almaty, where the Olympic torch arrived for the first time ever on April 2, was the President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbaev. The route ran 20 km from Medeo stadium to Astana Square. There were reports that Uighur activists were arrested and some were deported back to China. | Feynman traveled to Brazil, where he gave courses at the BCPF (Brazilian Center for Physics Research) and near the end of his life schemed to visit the Russian land of Tuva, a dream that, because of Cold War bureaucratic problems, never became reality. The day after he died, a letter arrived for him from the Soviet gov... | Chinggis Khaan International Airport | 93,914 |
57274126dd62a815002e9a27 | Genghis_Khan | In Mongolia today, Genghis Khan's name and likeness are endorsed on products, streets, buildings, and other places. His face can be found on everyday commodities, from liquor bottles to candy products, and on the largest denominations of 500, 1,000, 5,000, 10,000, and 20,000 Mongolian tögrög (₮). Mongolia's main intern... | Why have Mongolian politicians considered regulating the use of Genghis Khan's name? | {
"answer_start": [
571,
574,
574
],
"text": [
"to avoid trivialization",
"avoid trivialization",
"avoid trivialization."
]
} | Why have [MASK] politicians considered regulating the use of [MASK] name? | [
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0.099917896091... | In September 2003, a new type of blue LED was demonstrated by Cree that consumes 24 mW at 20 milliamperes (mA). This produced a commercially packaged white light giving 65 lm/W at 20 mA, becoming the brightest white LED commercially available at the time, and more than four times as efficient as standard incandescents.... |
Kazakhstan: The first torchbearer in Almaty, where the Olympic torch arrived for the first time ever on April 2, was the President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbaev. The route ran 20 km from Medeo stadium to Astana Square. There were reports that Uighur activists were arrested and some were deported back to China. | Soon after the victory in Ü-Tsang, Güshi Khan organized a welcoming ceremony for Lozang Gyatso once he arrived a day's ride from Shigatse, presenting his conquest of Tibet as a gift to the Dalai Lama. In a second ceremony held within the main hall of the Shigatse fortress, Güshi Khan enthroned the Dalai Lama as the rul... | to avoid trivialization | 93,915 |
57274126dd62a815002e9a28 | Genghis_Khan | In Mongolia today, Genghis Khan's name and likeness are endorsed on products, streets, buildings, and other places. His face can be found on everyday commodities, from liquor bottles to candy products, and on the largest denominations of 500, 1,000, 5,000, 10,000, and 20,000 Mongolian tögrög (₮). Mongolia's main intern... | What city is near a major statue of Genghis Khan? | {
"answer_start": [
474,
474,
474
],
"text": [
"Ulaanbaatar",
"Ulaanbaatar",
"Ulaanbaatar"
]
} | What city is near a major statue of [MASK]? | [
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0.0327040441334... | Like mitochondria, chloroplasts use the potential energy stored in an H+, or hydrogen ion gradient to generate ATP energy. The two photosystems capture light energy to energize electrons taken from water, and release them down an electron transport chain. The molecules between the photosystems harness the electrons' en... |
Kazakhstan: The first torchbearer in Almaty, where the Olympic torch arrived for the first time ever on April 2, was the President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbaev. The route ran 20 km from Medeo stadium to Astana Square. There were reports that Uighur activists were arrested and some were deported back to China. | Standing at 117 metres (384 feet) in height and 360 metres (1,180 feet) in width, the Potala Palace is the most important example of Tibetan architecture. Formerly the residence of the Dalai Lama, it contains over one thousand rooms within thirteen stories, and houses portraits of the past Dalai Lamas and statues of th... | Ulaanbaatar | 93,916 |
5727515af1498d1400e8f63a | Genghis_Khan | Genghis Khan is regarded as one of the prominent leaders in Mongolia's history. He is responsible for the emergence of the Mongols as a political and ethnic identity because there was no unified identity between the tribes that had cultural similarity. He reinforced many Mongol traditions and provided stability and uni... | What is the Mongolian name of the first Mongolian laws codified in writing? | {
"answer_start": [
484,
484,
484
],
"text": [
"Ikh Zasag",
"Ikh Zasag (",
"Ikh Zasag"
]
} | What is the [MASK] name of the [MASK] [MASK] laws codified in writing? | [
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5727515af1498d1400e8f63b | Genghis_Khan | Genghis Khan is regarded as one of the prominent leaders in Mongolia's history. He is responsible for the emergence of the Mongols as a political and ethnic identity because there was no unified identity between the tribes that had cultural similarity. He reinforced many Mongol traditions and provided stability and uni... | What did Mongolian President Tsakhiagian Elbegdorj note was significantly punished by Genghis Khan's laws? | {
"answer_start": [
661,
661,
661
],
"text": [
"corruption and bribery",
"corruption and bribery",
"corruption and bribery"
]
} | What did [MASK] President [MASK] note was significantly punished by [MASK] laws? | [
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0.1072227... | Juan Atkins, an originator of Detroit techno music, claims the term "house" reflected the exclusive association of particular tracks with particular clubs and DJs; those records helped differentiate the clubs and DJs, and thus were considered to be their "house" records. In an effort to maintain such exclusives, the DJ... | There were many religions practiced during the Yuan dynasty, such as Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity. The establishment of the Yuan dynasty had dramatically increased the number of Muslims in China. However, unlike the western khanates, the Yuan dynasty never converted to Islam. Instead, Kublai Khan, the founder of t... | The Mongols' conquest, even by their own standards, was brutal. After the capital Samarkand fell, the capital was moved to Bukhara by the remaining men, while Genghis Khan ordered two of his generals and their forces to completely destroy the remnants of the Khwarezmid Empire, including not only royal buildings, but en... | corruption and bribery | 93,918 |
5727515af1498d1400e8f63c | Genghis_Khan | Genghis Khan is regarded as one of the prominent leaders in Mongolia's history. He is responsible for the emergence of the Mongols as a political and ethnic identity because there was no unified identity between the tribes that had cultural similarity. He reinforced many Mongol traditions and provided stability and uni... | Which Mongolian president lauded Genghis Khan on the 850th anniversary of the conqueror's birth? | {
"answer_start": [
719,
719,
1203
],
"text": [
"Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj",
"Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj",
"Elbegdorj"
]
} | Which [MASK] president lauded [MASK] on the [MASK] anniversary of the conqueror 's birth? | [
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0.2630949318408966,
-0.03930275... | In Dutch itself, Diets went out of common use - although Platdiets is still used for the transitional Limburgish-Ripuarian dialects in the north-east of Belgium. Nederlands, the official Dutch word for "Dutch", did not become firmly established until the 19th century. This designation had been in use as far back as the... | There were many religions practiced during the Yuan dynasty, such as Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity. The establishment of the Yuan dynasty had dramatically increased the number of Muslims in China. However, unlike the western khanates, the Yuan dynasty never converted to Islam. Instead, Kublai Khan, the founder of t... | On July 1, 1985, Gorbachev promoted Eduard Shevardnadze, First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party, to full member of the Politburo, and the following day appointed him minister of foreign affairs, replacing longtime Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko. The latter, disparaged as "Mr Nyet" in the West, had served for ... | Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj | 93,919 |
5727515af1498d1400e8f63d | Genghis_Khan | Genghis Khan is regarded as one of the prominent leaders in Mongolia's history. He is responsible for the emergence of the Mongols as a political and ethnic identity because there was no unified identity between the tribes that had cultural similarity. He reinforced many Mongol traditions and provided stability and uni... | What innovation in Mongolian language is credited to Genghis Khan? | {
"answer_start": [
431,
431,
431
],
"text": [
"traditional Mongolian script",
"traditional Mongolian script",
"traditional Mongolian script"
]
} | What innovation in [MASK] language is credited to [MASK]? | [
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57275250708984140094dc25 | Genghis_Khan | There are conflicting views of Genghis Khan in the People's Republic of China with some viewing him positively in the Inner Mongolia region where there are a monument and buildings about him and where there is a considerable number of Mongols in the area with a population of around 5 million, almost twice the populatio... | Where in China is Genghis Khan most favorably viewed today? | {
"answer_start": [
118,
118,
118
],
"text": [
"Inner Mongolia region",
"Inner Mongolia region",
"Inner Mongolia region"
]
} | Where in [MASK] is [MASK] most favorably viewed [MASK]? | [
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-0.022114768624... | The Bronx contains one of the five poorest Congressional Districts in the United States, the 15th, but its wide diversity also includes affluent, upper-income and middle-income neighborhoods such as Riverdale, Fieldston, Spuyten Duyvil, Schuylerville, Pelham Bay, Pelham Gardens, Morris Park and Country Club. The Bronx,... | Genghis Khan put absolute trust in his generals, such as Muqali, Jebe and Subutai, and regarded them as close advisors, often extending them the same privileges and trust normally reserved for close family members. He allowed them to make decisions on their own when they embarked on campaigns far from the Mongol Empire... | Laird writes that Altan Khan abolished the native Mongol practices of shamanism and blood sacrifice, while the Mongol princes and subjects were coerced by Altan to convert to Gelug Buddhism—or face execution if they persisted in their shamanistic ways. Committed to their religious leader, Mongol princes began requestin... | Inner Mongolia region | 93,921 |
57275250708984140094dc26 | Genghis_Khan | There are conflicting views of Genghis Khan in the People's Republic of China with some viewing him positively in the Inner Mongolia region where there are a monument and buildings about him and where there is a considerable number of Mongols in the area with a population of around 5 million, almost twice the populatio... | What is the population of the Inner Mongolia region of China? | {
"answer_start": [
283,
276,
276
],
"text": [
"5 million",
"around 5 million",
"around 5 million"
]
} | What is the population of the [MASK] region of [MASK]? | [
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0.1518616229295... | Ecuador, Colombia, Guyana, Peru, and Brazil were the top source countries from South America for legal immigrants to the New York City region in 2013; the Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Haiti, and Trinidad and Tobago in the Caribbean; Egypt, Ghana, and Nigeria from Africa; and El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala in Cent... | Genghis Khan put absolute trust in his generals, such as Muqali, Jebe and Subutai, and regarded them as close advisors, often extending them the same privileges and trust normally reserved for close family members. He allowed them to make decisions on their own when they embarked on campaigns far from the Mongol Empire... | Years before his death, Genghis Khan asked to be buried without markings, according to the customs of his tribe. After he died, his body was returned to Mongolia and presumably to his birthplace in Khentii Aimag, where many assume he is buried somewhere close to the Onon River and the Burkhan Khaldun mountain (part of ... | 5 million | 93,922 |
57275250708984140094dc27 | Genghis_Khan | There are conflicting views of Genghis Khan in the People's Republic of China with some viewing him positively in the Inner Mongolia region where there are a monument and buildings about him and where there is a considerable number of Mongols in the area with a population of around 5 million, almost twice the populatio... | Which descendant of Genghis Khan is remembered as having reunified China? | {
"answer_start": [
397,
397,
397
],
"text": [
"Kublai Khan",
"Kublai Khan",
"Kublai Khan"
]
} | Which descendant of [MASK] is remembered as having reunified [MASK]? | [
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0.36958914... | 1855: Georgian coast: Omar Pasha, the Turkish commander at Crimea had long wanted to land in Georgia, but the western powers vetoed it. When they relented in August most of the campaigning season was lost. In September 8000 Turks landed at Batum, but the main concentration was at Sukhum Kale. This required a 100-mile m... | Genghis Khan put absolute trust in his generals, such as Muqali, Jebe and Subutai, and regarded them as close advisors, often extending them the same privileges and trust normally reserved for close family members. He allowed them to make decisions on their own when they embarked on campaigns far from the Mongol Empire... | Following the conquest of Dali in 1253, the former ruling Duan dynasty were appointed as governors-general, recognized as imperial officials by the Yuan, Ming, and Qing-era governments, principally in the province of Yunnan. Succession for the Yuan dynasty, however, was an intractable problem, later causing much strife... | Kublai Khan | 93,923 |
57275250708984140094dc28 | Genghis_Khan | There are conflicting views of Genghis Khan in the People's Republic of China with some viewing him positively in the Inner Mongolia region where there are a monument and buildings about him and where there is a considerable number of Mongols in the area with a population of around 5 million, almost twice the populatio... | What Chinese dynasty did the Mongols found? | {
"answer_start": [
453,
453,
657
],
"text": [
"Yuan",
"Yuan",
"Yuan dynasty"
]
} | What [MASK] dynasty did the [MASK] found? | [
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57275250708984140094dc29 | Genghis_Khan | There are conflicting views of Genghis Khan in the People's Republic of China with some viewing him positively in the Inner Mongolia region where there are a monument and buildings about him and where there is a considerable number of Mongols in the area with a population of around 5 million, almost twice the populatio... | What was Kublai Khan's relation to Genghis Khan? | {
"answer_start": [
388,
388,
388
],
"text": [
"grandson",
"grandson",
"grandson"
]
} | What was [MASK] relation to [MASK]? | [
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0.185454428195... | The French acquired a copy of the British war plans, including the activities of Shirley and Johnson. Shirley's efforts to fortify Oswego were bogged down in logistical difficulties, exacerbated by Shirley's inexperience in managing large expeditions. In conjunction, Shirley was made aware that the French were massing ... | Genghis Khan put absolute trust in his generals, such as Muqali, Jebe and Subutai, and regarded them as close advisors, often extending them the same privileges and trust normally reserved for close family members. He allowed them to make decisions on their own when they embarked on campaigns far from the Mongol Empire... | Following the conquest of Dali in 1253, the former ruling Duan dynasty were appointed as governors-general, recognized as imperial officials by the Yuan, Ming, and Qing-era governments, principally in the province of Yunnan. Succession for the Yuan dynasty, however, was an intractable problem, later causing much strife... | grandson | 93,925 |
572753af708984140094dc2f | Genghis_Khan | In the Middle East, and particularly in Iran, Genghis Khan is almost universally condemned as a destructive and genocidal warlord who caused enormous damage and destruction to the population of these areas. Steven R. Ward wrote that "Overall, the Mongol violence and depredations killed up to three-fourths of the popula... | Which Middle Eastern nation in particular views Genghis Khan as a contemptible perpetrator of genocide? | {
"answer_start": [
40,
40,
40
],
"text": [
"Iran",
"Iran",
"Iran"
]
} | Which [MASK] nation in particular views [MASK] as a contemptible perpetrator of genocide? | [
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0.2530164420604... | In ancient China, early literature was primarily focused on philosophy, historiography, military science, agriculture, and poetry. China, the origin of modern paper making and woodblock printing, produced one of the world's first print cultures. Much of Chinese literature originates with the Hundred Schools of Thought ... | In the early 13th century, the Khwarazmian dynasty was governed by Shah Ala ad-Din Muhammad. Genghis Khan saw the potential advantage in Khwarezmia as a commercial trading partner using the Silk Road, and he initially sent a 500-man caravan to establish official trade ties with the empire. However, Inalchuq, the govern... | In any case, Alexander's toppling of the Achaemenid Empire, after his victories at the battles of the Granicus, Issus and Gaugamela, and his advance as far as modern-day Pakistan and Tajikistan, provided an important outlet for Greek culture, via the creation of colonies and trade routes along the way. While the Alexan... | Iran | 93,926 |
572753af708984140094dc30 | Genghis_Khan | In the Middle East, and particularly in Iran, Genghis Khan is almost universally condemned as a destructive and genocidal warlord who caused enormous damage and destruction to the population of these areas. Steven R. Ward wrote that "Overall, the Mongol violence and depredations killed up to three-fourths of the popula... | What proportion of the general population in the area than became Iran did Genghis Khan kill? | {
"answer_start": [
293,
293,
287
],
"text": [
"three-fourths",
"three-fourths",
"up to three-fourths of the population"
]
} | What proportion of the general population in the area than became [MASK] did [MASK] kill? | [
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0.20932178199... | In April, during the Revolution of 1848 in Paris, he left for London, where he performed at several concerts and at numerous receptions in great houses. This tour was suggested to him by his Scottish pupil Jane Stirling and her elder sister. Stirling also made all the logistical arrangements and provided much of the ne... | In the early 13th century, the Khwarazmian dynasty was governed by Shah Ala ad-Din Muhammad. Genghis Khan saw the potential advantage in Khwarezmia as a commercial trading partner using the Silk Road, and he initially sent a 500-man caravan to establish official trade ties with the empire. However, Inalchuq, the govern... | After the Russian Revolution of 1917 guerrillas throughout Central Asia, known as basmachi, waged a war against Bolshevik armies in a futile attempt to maintain independence. The Bolsheviks prevailed after a four-year war, in which mosques and villages were burned down and the population heavily suppressed. Soviet auth... | three-fourths | 93,927 |
572753af708984140094dc31 | Genghis_Khan | In the Middle East, and particularly in Iran, Genghis Khan is almost universally condemned as a destructive and genocidal warlord who caused enormous damage and destruction to the population of these areas. Steven R. Ward wrote that "Overall, the Mongol violence and depredations killed up to three-fourths of the popula... | How many people do historians estimate Genghis Khan killed in the Iranian Plateau? | {
"answer_start": [
358,
358,
358
],
"text": [
"10 to 15 million",
"10 to 15 million people",
"10 to 15 million people"
]
} | How many people do historians estimate [MASK] killed in [MASK]? | [
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0.0924242883... | At the beginning of the Three Kingdoms era (220–280 CE), Zhejiang was home to the warlords Yan Baihu and Wang Lang prior to their defeat by Sun Ce and Sun Quan, who eventually established the Kingdom of Wu. Despite the removal of their court from Kuaiji to Jianye (present-day Nanjing), they continued development of the... | In the early 13th century, the Khwarazmian dynasty was governed by Shah Ala ad-Din Muhammad. Genghis Khan saw the potential advantage in Khwarezmia as a commercial trading partner using the Silk Road, and he initially sent a 500-man caravan to establish official trade ties with the empire. However, Inalchuq, the govern... | After the defeat of the Khwarezmian Empire in 1220, Genghis Khan gathered his forces in Persia and Armenia to return to the Mongolian steppes. Under the suggestion of Subutai, the Mongol army was split into two forces. Genghis Khan led the main army on a raid through Afghanistan and northern India towards Mongolia, whi... | 10 to 15 million | 93,928 |
572754cd5951b619008f8863 | Genghis_Khan | The invasions of Baghdad, Samarkand, Urgench, Kiev, Vladimir among others caused mass murders, such as when portions of southern Khuzestan were completely destroyed. His descendant Hulagu Khan destroyed much of Iran's northern part and sacked Baghdad although his forces were halted by the Mamluks of Egypt, but Hulagu's... | Which descendant of Genghis Khan sacked Baghdad? | {
"answer_start": [
181,
181,
181
],
"text": [
"Hulagu Khan",
"Hulagu Khan",
"Hulagu Khan"
]
} | Which descendant of [MASK] sacked [MASK]? | [
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0.15418261289... | In December 2015, West released a song titled "Facts". He announced in January 2016 on Twitter that SWISH would be released on February 11, after releasing new song "Real Friends" and a snippet of "No More Parties in L.A." with Kendrick Lamar. This also revived the GOOD Fridays initiative in which Kanye releases new si... | It was temporarily under the control of the Tibetan empire and Chinese from 650–680 and then under the control of the Umayyads in 710. The Samanid Empire, 819 to 999, restored Persian control of the region and enlarged the cities of Samarkand and Bukhara (both cities are today part of Uzbekistan) which became the cultu... | With such a small force, the invading Mongols were forced to change strategies and resort to inciting internal revolt among Kuchlug's supporters, leaving the Qara Khitai more vulnerable to Mongol conquest. As a result, Kuchlug's army was defeated west of Kashgar. Kuchlug fled again, but was soon hunted down by Jebe's a... | Hulagu Khan | 93,929 |
572754cd5951b619008f8864 | Genghis_Khan | The invasions of Baghdad, Samarkand, Urgench, Kiev, Vladimir among others caused mass murders, such as when portions of southern Khuzestan were completely destroyed. His descendant Hulagu Khan destroyed much of Iran's northern part and sacked Baghdad although his forces were halted by the Mamluks of Egypt, but Hulagu's... | Who halted the advance of Hulagu Khan across the Middle East? | {
"answer_start": [
286,
290,
286
],
"text": [
"the Mamluks of Egypt",
"Mamluks",
"the Mamluks of Egypt"
]
} | Who halted the advance of [MASK] across [MASK]? | [
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0.05257278680... | The dialect of Newcastle is known as Geordie, and contains a large amount of vocabulary and distinctive word pronunciations not used in other parts of the United Kingdom. The Geordie dialect has much of its origins in the language spoken by the Anglo-Saxon populations who migrated to and conquered much of England after... | It was temporarily under the control of the Tibetan empire and Chinese from 650–680 and then under the control of the Umayyads in 710. The Samanid Empire, 819 to 999, restored Persian control of the region and enlarged the cities of Samarkand and Bukhara (both cities are today part of Uzbekistan) which became the cultu... | The Mongol army under Genghis Khan, generals and his sons crossed the Tien Shan mountains by entering the area controlled by the Khwarezmian Empire. After compiling intelligence from many sources Genghis Khan carefully prepared his army, which was divided into three groups. His son Jochi led the first division into the... | the Mamluks of Egypt | 93,930 |
572754cd5951b619008f8865 | Genghis_Khan | The invasions of Baghdad, Samarkand, Urgench, Kiev, Vladimir among others caused mass murders, such as when portions of southern Khuzestan were completely destroyed. His descendant Hulagu Khan destroyed much of Iran's northern part and sacked Baghdad although his forces were halted by the Mamluks of Egypt, but Hulagu's... | Which of Genghis Khan's descendants pushed the Mamluks out of Palestine? | {
"answer_start": [
332,
332,
332
],
"text": [
"Ghazan Khan",
"Ghazan Khan",
"Ghazan Khan"
]
} | Which of [MASK] descendants pushed the [MASK] out of [MASK]? | [
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0.25507... | The London Gazette of 17 March 1691 published a patent in favour of John Lofting for a fire engine, but remarked upon and recommended another invention of his, for a beer pump: | It was temporarily under the control of the Tibetan empire and Chinese from 650–680 and then under the control of the Umayyads in 710. The Samanid Empire, 819 to 999, restored Persian control of the region and enlarged the cities of Samarkand and Bukhara (both cities are today part of Uzbekistan) which became the cultu... | Kublai Khan did not conquer the Song dynasty in South China until 1279, so Tibet was a component of the early Mongol Empire before it was combined into one of its descendant empires with the whole of China under the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368). Van Praag writes that this conquest "marked the end of independent China," whi... | Ghazan Khan | 93,931 |
572754cd5951b619008f8866 | Genghis_Khan | The invasions of Baghdad, Samarkand, Urgench, Kiev, Vladimir among others caused mass murders, such as when portions of southern Khuzestan were completely destroyed. His descendant Hulagu Khan destroyed much of Iran's northern part and sacked Baghdad although his forces were halted by the Mamluks of Egypt, but Hulagu's... | In which year did Genghis Khan's grandson invade Kievan Rus'? | {
"answer_start": [
593,
593,
593
],
"text": [
"1237",
"1237",
"1237"
]
} | In which year did [MASK] grandson invade [MASK] '? | [
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0.1792119592... | Zhejiang is the home of Yueju (越劇), one of the most prominent forms of Chinese opera. Yueju originated in Shengzhou and is traditionally performed by actresses only, in both male and female roles. Other important opera traditions include Yongju (of Ningbo), Shaoju (of Shaoxing), Ouju (of Wenzhou), Wuju (of Jinhua), Tai... | It was temporarily under the control of the Tibetan empire and Chinese from 650–680 and then under the control of the Umayyads in 710. The Samanid Empire, 819 to 999, restored Persian control of the region and enlarged the cities of Samarkand and Bukhara (both cities are today part of Uzbekistan) which became the cultu... | In the Middle East, and particularly in Iran, Genghis Khan is almost universally condemned as a destructive and genocidal warlord who caused enormous damage and destruction to the population of these areas. Steven R. Ward wrote that "Overall, the Mongol violence and depredations killed up to three-fourths of the popula... | 1237 | 93,932 |
572754cd5951b619008f8867 | Genghis_Khan | The invasions of Baghdad, Samarkand, Urgench, Kiev, Vladimir among others caused mass murders, such as when portions of southern Khuzestan were completely destroyed. His descendant Hulagu Khan destroyed much of Iran's northern part and sacked Baghdad although his forces were halted by the Mamluks of Egypt, but Hulagu's... | Which major cities in Eastern Europe were not destroyed by the Mongol invasion? | {
"answer_start": [
811,
811,
811
],
"text": [
"Novgorod and Pskov",
"Novgorod and Pskov",
"Novgorod and Pskov"
]
} | Which major cities in [MASK] were not destroyed by the [MASK] invasion? | [
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-0.060467354... | The Constitution of Canada gives the federal government exclusive responsibility for national defence, and expenditures are thus outlined in the federal budget. For the 2008–2009 fiscal year, the amount allocated for defence spending was CAD$18.9 billion. This regular funding was augmented in 2005 with an additional CA... | It was temporarily under the control of the Tibetan empire and Chinese from 650–680 and then under the control of the Umayyads in 710. The Samanid Empire, 819 to 999, restored Persian control of the region and enlarged the cities of Samarkand and Bukhara (both cities are today part of Uzbekistan) which became the cultu... | He came to power by uniting many of the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia. After founding the Mongol Empire and being proclaimed "Genghis Khan", he started the Mongol invasions that resulted in the conquest of most of Eurasia. These included raids or invasions of the Qara Khitai, Caucasus, Khwarezmid Empire, Western Xia... | Novgorod and Pskov | 93,933 |
572756715951b619008f8877 | Genghis_Khan | Although the famous Mughal emperors were proud descendants of Genghis Khan and particularly Timur, they clearly distanced themselves from the Mongol atrocities committed against the Khwarizim Shahs, Turks, Persians, the citizens of Baghdad and Damascus, Nishapur, Bukhara and historical figures such as Attar of Nishapur... | Which descendants of Genghis Khan tried to dissociate themselves from the Mongol massacres in the Middle East? | {
"answer_start": [
20,
20,
20
],
"text": [
"Mughal emperors",
"Mughal emperors",
"Mughal emperors"
]
} | Which descendants of [MASK] tried to dissociate themselves from the [MASK] massacres in [MASK]? | [
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0.20306846... | Von Neumann's mathematical analysis of the structure of self-replication preceded the discovery of the structure of DNA. In a short list of facts about his life he submitted to the National Academy of Sciences, he stated "The part of my work I consider most essential is that on quantum mechanics, which developed in Göt... | The Mongol Empire was governed by a civilian and military code, called the Yassa, created by Genghis Khan. The Mongol Empire did not emphasize the importance of ethnicity and race in the administrative realm, instead adopting an approach grounded in meritocracy. The exception was the role of Genghis Khan and his family... | Rawski writes that Altan Khan's conversion to the Gelug "can be interpreted as an attempt to expand his authority in his conflict with his nominal superior, Tümen Khan." To further cement the Mongol-Tibetan alliance, the great-grandson of Altan Khan—the 4th Dalai Lama (1589–1616)—was made the fourth Dalai Lama. In 1642... | Mughal emperors | 93,934 |
572756715951b619008f8878 | Genghis_Khan | Although the famous Mughal emperors were proud descendants of Genghis Khan and particularly Timur, they clearly distanced themselves from the Mongol atrocities committed against the Khwarizim Shahs, Turks, Persians, the citizens of Baghdad and Damascus, Nishapur, Bukhara and historical figures such as Attar of Nishapur... | Which Mongol conqueror was most celebrated by the Mughal emperors? | {
"answer_start": [
431,
92,
92
],
"text": [
"Timur",
"Timur",
"Timur"
]
} | Which [MASK] conqueror was most celebrated by the [MASK] emperors? | [
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572756715951b619008f8879 | Genghis_Khan | Although the famous Mughal emperors were proud descendants of Genghis Khan and particularly Timur, they clearly distanced themselves from the Mongol atrocities committed against the Khwarizim Shahs, Turks, Persians, the citizens of Baghdad and Damascus, Nishapur, Bukhara and historical figures such as Attar of Nishapur... | From where was the Muslim historical figure Attar, whose murder by the Mongols was long remembered? | {
"answer_start": [
312,
312,
312
],
"text": [
"Nishapur",
"Nishapur",
"Nishapur"
]
} | From where was the [MASK] historical figure [MASK], whose murder by the [MASK] was long remembered? | [
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0.18876375257... | In 2005, seventeen countries produced concentrated uranium oxides, with Canada (27.9% of world production) and Australia (22.8%) being the largest producers and Kazakhstan (10.5%), Russia (8.0%), Namibia (7.5%), Niger (7.4%), Uzbekistan (5.5%), the United States (2.5%), Argentina (2.1%), Ukraine (1.9%) and China (1.7%)... | The Mongol Empire was governed by a civilian and military code, called the Yassa, created by Genghis Khan. The Mongol Empire did not emphasize the importance of ethnicity and race in the administrative realm, instead adopting an approach grounded in meritocracy. The exception was the role of Genghis Khan and his family... | Following the conquest of Dali in 1253, the former ruling Duan dynasty were appointed as governors-general, recognized as imperial officials by the Yuan, Ming, and Qing-era governments, principally in the province of Yunnan. Succession for the Yuan dynasty, however, was an intractable problem, later causing much strife... | Nishapur | 93,936 |
5727580bf1498d1400e8f69a | Genghis_Khan | One theory suggests the name stems from a palatalised version of the Mongolian and Turkic word tenggis, meaning "ocean", "oceanic" or "wide-spreading". (Lake Baikal and ocean were called tenggis by the Mongols. However, it seems that if they had meant to call Genghis tenggis they could have said, and written, "Tenggis ... | Which Mongolian word meaning wide-spreading may have contributed to the appellation Genghis? | {
"answer_start": [
95,
95,
95
],
"text": [
"tenggis",
"tenggis",
"tenggis"
]
} | Which [MASK] word meaning wide- spreading may have contributed to the appellation [MASK]? | [
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0.572068... | Kerry told Christianity Today in October 2004 "I'm a Catholic and I practice, but at the same time I have an open-mindedness to many other expressions of spirituality that come through different religions... I've spent some time reading and thinking about religion and trying to study it, and I've arrived at not so much... | When learning how to write hanja, students are taught to memorize the native Korean pronunciation for the hanja's meaning and the Sino-Korean pronunciations (the pronunciation based on the Chinese pronunciation of the characters) for each hanja respectively so that students know what the syllable and meaning is for a p... | Meanwhile, the Tumed Mongols began moving into the Kokonor region (modern Qinghai), raiding the Ming Chinese frontier and even as far as the suburbs of Beijing under Altan Khan (1507–1582). Klieger writes that Altan Khan's presence in the west effectively reduced Ming influence and contact with Tibet. After Altan Khan ... | tenggis | 93,937 |
5727580bf1498d1400e8f69b | Genghis_Khan | One theory suggests the name stems from a palatalised version of the Mongolian and Turkic word tenggis, meaning "ocean", "oceanic" or "wide-spreading". (Lake Baikal and ocean were called tenggis by the Mongols. However, it seems that if they had meant to call Genghis tenggis they could have said, and written, "Tenggis ... | Which massive lake did the Mongolians call tenggis? | {
"answer_start": [
153,
153,
153
],
"text": [
"Lake Baikal",
"Lake Baikal",
"Lake Baikal"
]
} | Which massive lake did the [MASK] call tenggis? | [
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0.18228781223297... | London was the world's largest city from about 1831 to 1925. London's overcrowded conditions led to cholera epidemics, claiming 14,000 lives in 1848, and 6,000 in 1866. Rising traffic congestion led to the creation of the world's first local urban rail network. The Metropolitan Board of Works oversaw infrastructure exp... | When learning how to write hanja, students are taught to memorize the native Korean pronunciation for the hanja's meaning and the Sino-Korean pronunciations (the pronunciation based on the Chinese pronunciation of the characters) for each hanja respectively so that students know what the syllable and meaning is for a p... | At the same time the Mongols imported Central Asian Muslims to serve as administrators in China, the Mongols also sent Han Chinese and Khitans from China to serve as administrators over the Muslim population in Bukhara in Central Asia, using foreigners to curtail the power of the local peoples of both lands. Han Chines... | Lake Baikal | 93,938 |
5727580bf1498d1400e8f69c | Genghis_Khan | One theory suggests the name stems from a palatalised version of the Mongolian and Turkic word tenggis, meaning "ocean", "oceanic" or "wide-spreading". (Lake Baikal and ocean were called tenggis by the Mongols. However, it seems that if they had meant to call Genghis tenggis they could have said, and written, "Tenggis ... | What does zhèng mean? | {
"answer_start": [
375,
376,
376
],
"text": [
"\"right\", \"just\", or \"true\"",
"right",
"right\", \"just\", or \"true\","
]
} | What does zhèng mean? | [
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0.0233408063650131... | Eritrea is a member of the United Nations, the African Union, and is an observing member of the Arab League. The nation holds a seat on the United Nations' Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions (ACABQ). Eritrea also holds memberships in the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, I... | When learning how to write hanja, students are taught to memorize the native Korean pronunciation for the hanja's meaning and the Sino-Korean pronunciations (the pronunciation based on the Chinese pronunciation of the characters) for each hanja respectively so that students know what the syllable and meaning is for a p... | The Tibetan name for their land, Bod བོད་, means "Tibet" or "Tibetan Plateau", although it originally meant the central region around Lhasa, now known in Tibetan as Ü. The Standard Tibetan pronunciation of Bod, [pʰøʔ˨˧˨], is transcribed Bhö in Tournadre Phonetic Transcription, Bö in the THL Simplified Phonetic Transcri... | "right", "just", or "true" | 93,939 |
5727580bf1498d1400e8f69d | Genghis_Khan | One theory suggests the name stems from a palatalised version of the Mongolian and Turkic word tenggis, meaning "ocean", "oceanic" or "wide-spreading". (Lake Baikal and ocean were called tenggis by the Mongols. However, it seems that if they had meant to call Genghis tenggis they could have said, and written, "Tenggis ... | Jenggis is the adjectival form of what word? | {
"answer_start": [
348,
348,
348
],
"text": [
"Zhèng",
"Zhèng",
"Zhèng"
]
} | Jenggis is the adjectival form of what word? | [
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0.263768970966... | Henry VIII's wine cellar at the Palace of Whitehall, built in 1514–1516 for Cardinal Wolsey, is in the basement of Main Building, and is used for entertainment. The entire vaulted brick structure of the cellar was encased in steel and concrete and relocated nine feet to the west and nearly 19 feet (5.8 m) deeper in 194... | When learning how to write hanja, students are taught to memorize the native Korean pronunciation for the hanja's meaning and the Sino-Korean pronunciations (the pronunciation based on the Chinese pronunciation of the characters) for each hanja respectively so that students know what the syllable and meaning is for a p... | In certain cases compound words and set phrases may be contracted into single characters. Some of these can be considered logograms, where characters represent whole words rather than syllable-morphemes, though these are generally instead considered ligatures or abbreviations (similar to scribal abbreviations, such as ... | Zhèng | 93,940 |
5727580bf1498d1400e8f69e | Genghis_Khan | One theory suggests the name stems from a palatalised version of the Mongolian and Turkic word tenggis, meaning "ocean", "oceanic" or "wide-spreading". (Lake Baikal and ocean were called tenggis by the Mongols. However, it seems that if they had meant to call Genghis tenggis they could have said, and written, "Tenggis ... | What spelling of Genghis most closely matches its probable pronunciation? | {
"answer_start": [
627,
627,
470
],
"text": [
"Chinggis",
"Chinggis",
"\"Jenggis"
]
} | What spelling of [MASK] most closely matches its probable pronunciation? | [
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572758c3dd62a815002e9b78 | Genghis_Khan | Genghis Khan, the title is spelled in variety of ways in different languages such as Mongolian Chinggis Khaan, English Chinghiz, Chinghis, and Chingiz, Chinese: 成吉思汗; pinyin: Chéngjísī Hán, Turkic: Cengiz Han, Çingiz Xan, Çingiz Han, Chingizxon, Çıñğız Xan, Chengez Khan, Chinggis Khan, Chinggis Xaan, Chingis Khan, Jeng... | What is the Mongolian spelling of Genghis Khan? | {
"answer_start": [
95,
95,
95,
95
],
"text": [
"Chinggis Khaan",
"Chinggis Khaan",
"Chinggis Khaan",
"Chinggis Khaan"
]
} | What is the [MASK] spelling of [MASK]? | [
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0.00351125... | The introduction of the community school model in the 1970s controversially removed the denominational basis of the schools, but religious interests were invited to be represented on the Boards of Management. Community schools are divided into two models, the community school vested in the Minister for Education and th... | Nurhaci declared himself the "Bright Khan" of the Later Jin (lit. "gold") state in honor both of the 12–13th century Jurchen Jin dynasty and of his Aisin Gioro clan (Aisin being Manchu for the Chinese 金 (jīn, "gold")). His son Hong Taiji renamed the dynasty Great Qing in 1636. There are competing explanations on the m... | Genghis Khan is credited with bringing the Silk Road under one cohesive political environment. This allowed increased communication and trade between the West, Middle East and Asia, thus expanding the horizons of all three cultural areas. Some historians have noted that Genghis Khan instituted certain levels of meritoc... | Chinggis Khaan | 93,942 |
572758c3dd62a815002e9b79 | Genghis_Khan | Genghis Khan, the title is spelled in variety of ways in different languages such as Mongolian Chinggis Khaan, English Chinghiz, Chinghis, and Chingiz, Chinese: 成吉思汗; pinyin: Chéngjísī Hán, Turkic: Cengiz Han, Çingiz Xan, Çingiz Han, Chingizxon, Çıñğız Xan, Chengez Khan, Chinggis Khan, Chinggis Xaan, Chingis Khan, Jeng... | How is Genghis Khan spelled in Turkic? | {
"answer_start": [
198,
198,
198,
198
],
"text": [
"Cengiz Han",
"Cengiz Han",
"Cengiz Han",
"Cengiz Han, Çingiz Xan, Çingiz Han, Chingizxon, Çıñğız Xan, Chengez Khan, Chinggis Khan, Chinggis Xaan, Chingis Khan, Jenghis Khan, Chinggis Qan, Djingis Kahn"
]
} | How is [MASK] spelled in [MASK]? | [
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-0.083746179... | The pits and lands themselves do not directly represent the zeros and ones of binary data. Instead, non-return-to-zero, inverted encoding is used: a change from pit to land or land to pit indicates a one, while no change indicates a series of zeros. There must be at least two and no more than ten zeros between each one... | Nurhaci declared himself the "Bright Khan" of the Later Jin (lit. "gold") state in honor both of the 12–13th century Jurchen Jin dynasty and of his Aisin Gioro clan (Aisin being Manchu for the Chinese 金 (jīn, "gold")). His son Hong Taiji renamed the dynasty Great Qing in 1636. There are competing explanations on the m... | There are conflicting views of Genghis Khan in the People's Republic of China with some viewing him positively in the Inner Mongolia region where there are a monument and buildings about him and where there is a considerable number of Mongols in the area with a population of around 5 million, almost twice the populatio... | Cengiz Han | 93,943 |
572758c3dd62a815002e9b7a | Genghis_Khan | Genghis Khan, the title is spelled in variety of ways in different languages such as Mongolian Chinggis Khaan, English Chinghiz, Chinghis, and Chingiz, Chinese: 成吉思汗; pinyin: Chéngjísī Hán, Turkic: Cengiz Han, Çingiz Xan, Çingiz Han, Chingizxon, Çıñğız Xan, Chengez Khan, Chinggis Khan, Chinggis Xaan, Chingis Khan, Jeng... | How is Temüjin written in pinyin? | {
"answer_start": [
516,
516,
516,
516
],
"text": [
"Tiěmùzhēn",
"Tiěmùzhēn",
"Tiěmùzhēn",
"Tiěmùzhēn"
]
} | How is [MASK] written in [MASK]? | [
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-0.424976468086... | Given the wide range of styles in classical music, from Medieval plainchant sung by monks to Classical and Romantic symphonies for orchestra from the 1700s and 1800s to avant-garde atonal compositions for solo piano from the 1900s, it is difficult to list characteristics that can be attributed to all works of that type... | Nurhaci declared himself the "Bright Khan" of the Later Jin (lit. "gold") state in honor both of the 12–13th century Jurchen Jin dynasty and of his Aisin Gioro clan (Aisin being Manchu for the Chinese 金 (jīn, "gold")). His son Hong Taiji renamed the dynasty Great Qing in 1636. There are competing explanations on the m... | After Kim Jong Il, the second ruler of North Korea, died in December 2011, Kim Jong Un stepped up and began mandating the use of Hanja as a source of definition for the Korean language. Currently, it is said that North Korea teaches around 3,000 Hanja characters to North Korean students, and in some cases, the characte... | Tiěmùzhēn | 93,944 |
572758c3dd62a815002e9b7b | Genghis_Khan | Genghis Khan, the title is spelled in variety of ways in different languages such as Mongolian Chinggis Khaan, English Chinghiz, Chinghis, and Chingiz, Chinese: 成吉思汗; pinyin: Chéngjísī Hán, Turkic: Cengiz Han, Çingiz Xan, Çingiz Han, Chingizxon, Çıñğız Xan, Chengez Khan, Chinggis Khan, Chinggis Xaan, Chingis Khan, Jeng... | What are alternate English spelling of Genghis? | {
"answer_start": [
119,
119,
119,
119
],
"text": [
"Chinghiz, Chinghis, and Chingiz",
"Chinghiz, Chinghis, and Chingiz",
"Chinghiz, Chinghis, and Chingiz",
"Chinghiz, Chinghis, and Chingiz"
]
} | What are alternate [MASK] spelling of [MASK]? | [
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-0.0064298906... | Hydrogen can be prepared in several different ways, but economically the most important processes involve removal of hydrogen from hydrocarbons. Commercial bulk hydrogen is usually produced by the steam reforming of natural gas. At high temperatures (1000–1400 K, 700–1100 °C or 1300–2000 °F), steam (water vapor) reacts... | Nurhaci declared himself the "Bright Khan" of the Later Jin (lit. "gold") state in honor both of the 12–13th century Jurchen Jin dynasty and of his Aisin Gioro clan (Aisin being Manchu for the Chinese 金 (jīn, "gold")). His son Hong Taiji renamed the dynasty Great Qing in 1636. There are competing explanations on the m... | Several famous people have Ashkenazi as a surname, such as Vladimir Ashkenazy. However, most people with this surname hail from within Sephardic communities, particularly from the Syrian Jewish community. The Sephardic carriers of the surname would have some Ashkenazi ancestors since the surname was adopted by families... | Chinghiz, Chinghis, and Chingiz | 93,945 |
572758c3dd62a815002e9b7c | Genghis_Khan | Genghis Khan, the title is spelled in variety of ways in different languages such as Mongolian Chinggis Khaan, English Chinghiz, Chinghis, and Chingiz, Chinese: 成吉思汗; pinyin: Chéngjísī Hán, Turkic: Cengiz Han, Çingiz Xan, Çingiz Han, Chingizxon, Çıñğız Xan, Chengez Khan, Chinggis Khan, Chinggis Xaan, Chingis Khan, Jeng... | How is Genghis Khan written in pinyin? | {
"answer_start": [
175,
175,
175,
175
],
"text": [
"Chéngjísī Hán",
"Chéngjísī Hán",
"Chéngjísī Hán",
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5726d8bd708984140094d35b | Pharmacy | The word pharmacy is derived from its root word pharma which was a term used since the 15th–17th centuries. However, the original Greek roots from pharmakos imply sorcery or even poison. In addition to pharma responsibilities, the pharma offered general medical advice and a range of services that are now performed sole... | What word is the word pharmacy taken from? | {
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} | What word is the word pharmacy taken from? | [
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5726d8bd708984140094d35c | Pharmacy | The word pharmacy is derived from its root word pharma which was a term used since the 15th–17th centuries. However, the original Greek roots from pharmakos imply sorcery or even poison. In addition to pharma responsibilities, the pharma offered general medical advice and a range of services that are now performed sole... | What goods were sold in a pharma? | {
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"ingredients for medicines, sold tobacco and patent medicines",
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} | What goods were sold in a pharma? | [
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0.18921902775764465,... | The rapid development of religions in Zhejiang has driven the local committee of ethnic and religious affairs to enact measures to rationalise them in 2014, variously named "Three Rectifications and One Demolition" operations or "Special Treatment Work on Illegally Constructed Sites of Religious and Folk Religion Activ... | Pharmacy informatics is the combination of pharmacy practice science and applied information science. Pharmacy informaticists work in many practice areas of pharmacy, however, they may also work in information technology departments or for healthcare information technology vendor companies. As a practice area and speci... | In the UK, the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency approves drugs for use, though the evaluation is done by the European Medicines Agency, an agency of the European Union based in London. Normally an approval in the UK and other European countries comes later than one in the USA. Then it is the National... | ingredients for medicines, sold tobacco and patent medicines | 93,948 |
5726d8bd708984140094d35d | Pharmacy | The word pharmacy is derived from its root word pharma which was a term used since the 15th–17th centuries. However, the original Greek roots from pharmakos imply sorcery or even poison. In addition to pharma responsibilities, the pharma offered general medical advice and a range of services that are now performed sole... | What did the Greek root pharmakos imply? | {
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"sorcery or even poison",
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5726d8bd708984140094d35e | Pharmacy | The word pharmacy is derived from its root word pharma which was a term used since the 15th–17th centuries. However, the original Greek roots from pharmakos imply sorcery or even poison. In addition to pharma responsibilities, the pharma offered general medical advice and a range of services that are now performed sole... | How would the word apothecary be viewed by contemporary English speakers? | {
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5726d8bd708984140094d35f | Pharmacy | The word pharmacy is derived from its root word pharma which was a term used since the 15th–17th centuries. However, the original Greek roots from pharmakos imply sorcery or even poison. In addition to pharma responsibilities, the pharma offered general medical advice and a range of services that are now performed sole... | What else was used by pharmas? | {
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} | What else was used by pharmas? | [
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5726d9935951b619008f7fed | Pharmacy | Pharmacists are healthcare professionals with specialised education and training who perform various roles to ensure optimal health outcomes for their patients through the quality use of medicines. Pharmacists may also be small-business proprietors, owning the pharmacy in which they practice. Since pharmacists know abo... | What type of professionals are pharmacists? | {
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} | What type of professionals are pharmacists? | [
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5726d9935951b619008f7fee | Pharmacy | Pharmacists are healthcare professionals with specialised education and training who perform various roles to ensure optimal health outcomes for their patients through the quality use of medicines. Pharmacists may also be small-business proprietors, owning the pharmacy in which they practice. Since pharmacists know abo... | What types of health outcomes do pharmacists aim for with their patients? | {
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} | What types of health outcomes do pharmacists aim for with their patients? | [
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5726d9935951b619008f7fef | Pharmacy | Pharmacists are healthcare professionals with specialised education and training who perform various roles to ensure optimal health outcomes for their patients through the quality use of medicines. Pharmacists may also be small-business proprietors, owning the pharmacy in which they practice. Since pharmacists know abo... | What type of treatment are pharmacists important for? | {
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"optimisation of a drug treatment for an individual",
"optimisation of a drug treatment",
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} | What type of treatment are pharmacists important for? | [
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5726d9935951b619008f7ff0 | Pharmacy | Pharmacists are healthcare professionals with specialised education and training who perform various roles to ensure optimal health outcomes for their patients through the quality use of medicines. Pharmacists may also be small-business proprietors, owning the pharmacy in which they practice. Since pharmacists know abo... | What other role do many pharmacists play? | {
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"text": [
"small-business proprietors",
"small-business proprietors",
"small-business proprietors"
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} | What other role do many pharmacists play? | [
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5726d9935951b619008f7ff1 | Pharmacy | Pharmacists are healthcare professionals with specialised education and training who perform various roles to ensure optimal health outcomes for their patients through the quality use of medicines. Pharmacists may also be small-business proprietors, owning the pharmacy in which they practice. Since pharmacists know abo... | What types of preparation do pharmacists have? | {
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46,
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"text": [
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} | What types of preparation do pharmacists have? | [
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5726da89dd62a815002e92b2 | Pharmacy | A Pharmacy Technician in the UK is considered a health care professional and often does not work under the direct supervision of a pharmacist (if employed in a hospital pharmacy) but instead is supervised and managed by other senior pharmacy technicians. In the UK the role of a PhT has grown and responsibility has been... | Who oversees a Pharmacy Technician in the UK? | {
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} | Who oversees a Pharmacy Technician in the [MASK]? | [
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5726da89dd62a815002e92b3 | Pharmacy | A Pharmacy Technician in the UK is considered a health care professional and often does not work under the direct supervision of a pharmacist (if employed in a hospital pharmacy) but instead is supervised and managed by other senior pharmacy technicians. In the UK the role of a PhT has grown and responsibility has been... | With what body must a pharmacy technician register? | {
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} | With what body must a pharmacy technician register? | [
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5726da89dd62a815002e92b4 | Pharmacy | A Pharmacy Technician in the UK is considered a health care professional and often does not work under the direct supervision of a pharmacist (if employed in a hospital pharmacy) but instead is supervised and managed by other senior pharmacy technicians. In the UK the role of a PhT has grown and responsibility has been... | What is a main duty of the GPhC? | {
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} | What is a main duty of the [MASK]? | [
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5726da89dd62a815002e92b5 | Pharmacy | A Pharmacy Technician in the UK is considered a health care professional and often does not work under the direct supervision of a pharmacist (if employed in a hospital pharmacy) but instead is supervised and managed by other senior pharmacy technicians. In the UK the role of a PhT has grown and responsibility has been... | What type of professional is a Pharmacy Technician considered to be? | {
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} | What type of professional is a Pharmacy Technician considered to be? | [
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5726da89dd62a815002e92b6 | Pharmacy | A Pharmacy Technician in the UK is considered a health care professional and often does not work under the direct supervision of a pharmacist (if employed in a hospital pharmacy) but instead is supervised and managed by other senior pharmacy technicians. In the UK the role of a PhT has grown and responsibility has been... | What types of responsibilities might a pharmacy technician have? | {
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"manage the pharmacy department and specialised areas",
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} | What types of responsibilities might a pharmacy technician have? | [
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5726db5add62a815002e92d5 | Pharmacy | In Ancient Greece, Diocles of Carystus (4th century BC) was one of several men studying the medicinal properties of plants. He wrote several treatises on the topic. The Greek physician Pedanius Dioscorides is famous for writing a five volume book in his native Greek Περί ύλης ιατρικής in the 1st century AD. The Latin t... | What is Pedanius Dioscorides known for? | {
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"writing a five volume book in his native Greek",
"writing a five volume book",
"five volume book in his native Greek"
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5726db5add62a815002e92d6 | Pharmacy | In Ancient Greece, Diocles of Carystus (4th century BC) was one of several men studying the medicinal properties of plants. He wrote several treatises on the topic. The Greek physician Pedanius Dioscorides is famous for writing a five volume book in his native Greek Περί ύλης ιατρικής in the 1st century AD. The Latin t... | What is the name of the Latin translation of Dioscorides' book? | {
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"De Materia Medica",
"De Materia Medica"
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} | What is the name of the [MASK] translation of [MASK] ' book? | [
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5726db5add62a815002e92d7 | Pharmacy | In Ancient Greece, Diocles of Carystus (4th century BC) was one of several men studying the medicinal properties of plants. He wrote several treatises on the topic. The Greek physician Pedanius Dioscorides is famous for writing a five volume book in his native Greek Περί ύλης ιατρικής in the 1st century AD. The Latin t... | What term resulted from Dioscorides' book? | {
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5726db5add62a815002e92d4 | Pharmacy | In Ancient Greece, Diocles of Carystus (4th century BC) was one of several men studying the medicinal properties of plants. He wrote several treatises on the topic. The Greek physician Pedanius Dioscorides is famous for writing a five volume book in his native Greek Περί ύλης ιατρικής in the 1st century AD. The Latin t... | Who was a man studying medicinal applicants of plants in Ancient Greece? | {
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"Diocles of Carystus",
"Diocles of Carystus",
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} | Who was a man studying medicinal applicants of plants in Ancient [MASK]? | [
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5726db5add62a815002e92d8 | Pharmacy | In Ancient Greece, Diocles of Carystus (4th century BC) was one of several men studying the medicinal properties of plants. He wrote several treatises on the topic. The Greek physician Pedanius Dioscorides is famous for writing a five volume book in his native Greek Περί ύλης ιατρικής in the 1st century AD. The Latin t... | Who added to Dioscorides' book in the Islamic Golden Age? | {
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5726dcbddd62a815002e9320 | Pharmacy | In Japan, at the end of the Asuka period (538–710) and the early Nara period (710–794), the men who fulfilled roles similar to those of modern pharmacists were highly respected. The place of pharmacists in society was expressly defined in the Taihō Code (701) and re-stated in the Yōrō Code (718). Ranked positions in th... | How were the men who did tasks like those of today's pharmacists viewed in Japan in the Asuka and Nara periods? | {
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} | How were the men who did tasks like those of [MASK] 's pharmacists viewed in [MASK] in the [MASK] and [MASK] periods? | [
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5726dcbddd62a815002e9321 | Pharmacy | In Japan, at the end of the Asuka period (538–710) and the early Nara period (710–794), the men who fulfilled roles similar to those of modern pharmacists were highly respected. The place of pharmacists in society was expressly defined in the Taihō Code (701) and re-stated in the Yōrō Code (718). Ranked positions in th... | In which two codes were the roles of pharmacists codified? | {
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"Taihō Code (701) and re-stated in the Yōrō Code",
"Taihō Code (701) and re-stated in the Yōrō Code"
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} | In which [MASK] codes were the roles of pharmacists codified? | [
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5726dcbddd62a815002e9322 | Pharmacy | In Japan, at the end of the Asuka period (538–710) and the early Nara period (710–794), the men who fulfilled roles similar to those of modern pharmacists were highly respected. The place of pharmacists in society was expressly defined in the Taihō Code (701) and re-stated in the Yōrō Code (718). Ranked positions in th... | What put a hierarchical structure in place? | {
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} | What put a hierarchical structure in place? | [
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5726dcbddd62a815002e9323 | Pharmacy | In Japan, at the end of the Asuka period (538–710) and the early Nara period (710–794), the men who fulfilled roles similar to those of modern pharmacists were highly respected. The place of pharmacists in society was expressly defined in the Taihō Code (701) and re-stated in the Yōrō Code (718). Ranked positions in th... | What stature did pharmacists have in the pre-Heian Imperial court? | {
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"status superior to all others in health-related fields such as physicians and acupuncturists",
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} | What stature did pharmacists have in the [MASK] Imperial court? | [
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5726dcbddd62a815002e9324 | Pharmacy | In Japan, at the end of the Asuka period (538–710) and the early Nara period (710–794), the men who fulfilled roles similar to those of modern pharmacists were highly respected. The place of pharmacists in society was expressly defined in the Taihō Code (701) and re-stated in the Yōrō Code (718). Ranked positions in th... | Where did the pharmacist stand in relation to the Emperor's personal physicians? | {
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} | Where did the pharmacist stand in relation to the Emperor's personal physicians? | [
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5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee04 | Pharmacy | The advances made in the Middle East in botany and chemistry led medicine in medieval Islam substantially to develop pharmacology. Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi (Rhazes) (865–915), for instance, acted to promote the medical uses of chemical compounds. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis) (936–1013) pioneered the preparatio... | Developments in which scientists influenced the creation of pharmacology in medieval Islam? | {
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40,
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4
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"botany and chemistry",
"botany and chemistry",
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} | Developments in which scientists influenced the creation of pharmacology in medieval [MASK]? | [
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5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee05 | Pharmacy | The advances made in the Middle East in botany and chemistry led medicine in medieval Islam substantially to develop pharmacology. Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi (Rhazes) (865–915), for instance, acted to promote the medical uses of chemical compounds. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis) (936–1013) pioneered the preparatio... | Who was influential in promoting the use of chemical compounds as medicines? | {
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"Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi",
"Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi",
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} | Who was influential in promoting the use of chemical compounds as medicines? | [
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0.06924563... | The Revolutionary War soldier Nathan Hale (Yale 1773) was the prototype of the Yale ideal in the early 19th century: a manly yet aristocratic scholar, equally well-versed in knowledge and sports, and a patriot who "regretted" that he "had but one life to lose" for his country. Western painter Frederic Remington (Yale 1... | Muslim scientists contributed to advances in the sciences. They placed far greater emphasis on experiment than had the Greeks. This led to an early scientific method being developed in the Muslim world, where progress in methodology was made, beginning with the experiments of Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen) on optics from cir... | According to Walter Gratzer, the study of nutrition probably began during the 6th century BC. In China, the concept of Qi developed, a spirit or "wind" similar to what Western Europeans later called pneuma. Food was classified into "hot" (for example, meats, blood, ginger, and hot spices) and "cold" (green vegetables) ... | Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi | 93,973 |
5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee06 | Pharmacy | The advances made in the Middle East in botany and chemistry led medicine in medieval Islam substantially to develop pharmacology. Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi (Rhazes) (865–915), for instance, acted to promote the medical uses of chemical compounds. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis) (936–1013) pioneered the preparatio... | Who authored the Liber servitoris? | {
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"Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi",
"Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi",
"Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi"
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} | Who authored the Liber servitoris? | [
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5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee08 | Pharmacy | The advances made in the Middle East in botany and chemistry led medicine in medieval Islam substantially to develop pharmacology. Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi (Rhazes) (865–915), for instance, acted to promote the medical uses of chemical compounds. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis) (936–1013) pioneered the preparatio... | Who wrote about the distillation of drinking water from sea water? | {
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"Al-Muwaffaq",
"Al-Muwaffaq"
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} | Who wrote about the distillation of drinking water from sea water? | [
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5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee07 | Pharmacy | The advances made in the Middle East in botany and chemistry led medicine in medieval Islam substantially to develop pharmacology. Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi (Rhazes) (865–915), for instance, acted to promote the medical uses of chemical compounds. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis) (936–1013) pioneered the preparatio... | Which two compounds did Al-Muwaffaq differentiate between? | {
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"sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate",
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} | Which [MASK] compounds did Al- Muwaffaq differentiate between? | [
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5726deed5951b619008f80c5 | Pharmacy | In Europe there are old pharmacies still operating in Dubrovnik, Croatia, located inside the Franciscan monastery, opened in 1317; and in the Town Hall Square of Tallinn, Estonia, dating from at least 1422. The oldest is claimed to have been set up in 1221 in the Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence, Italy, which ... | How far does one pharmacy in Croatia date back to? | {
"answer_start": [
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"1317",
"1317",
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} | How far does [MASK] pharmacy in [MASK] date back to? | [
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5726deed5951b619008f80c6 | Pharmacy | In Europe there are old pharmacies still operating in Dubrovnik, Croatia, located inside the Franciscan monastery, opened in 1317; and in the Town Hall Square of Tallinn, Estonia, dating from at least 1422. The oldest is claimed to have been set up in 1221 in the Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence, Italy, which ... | Where is the oldest pharmacy stated to be located? | {
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"Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence, Italy",
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} | Where is the oldest pharmacy stated to be located? | [
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5726deed5951b619008f80c7 | Pharmacy | In Europe there are old pharmacies still operating in Dubrovnik, Croatia, located inside the Franciscan monastery, opened in 1317; and in the Town Hall Square of Tallinn, Estonia, dating from at least 1422. The oldest is claimed to have been set up in 1221 in the Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence, Italy, which ... | What is the medieval Esteve Pharmacy used as at present? | {
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} | What is the medieval [MASK] used as at present? | [
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5726deed5951b619008f80c8 | Pharmacy | In Europe there are old pharmacies still operating in Dubrovnik, Croatia, located inside the Franciscan monastery, opened in 1317; and in the Town Hall Square of Tallinn, Estonia, dating from at least 1422. The oldest is claimed to have been set up in 1221 in the Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence, Italy, which ... | What sorts of items are displayed in the Esteve Pharmacy museum? | {
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"albarellos from the 16th and 17th centuries, old prescription books and antique drugs",
"albarellos from the 16th and 17th centuries, old prescription books and antique drugs",
"old prescription books and antique drugs"
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} | What sorts of items are displayed in the [MASK] museum? | [
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5726deed5951b619008f80c9 | Pharmacy | In Europe there are old pharmacies still operating in Dubrovnik, Croatia, located inside the Franciscan monastery, opened in 1317; and in the Town Hall Square of Tallinn, Estonia, dating from at least 1422. The oldest is claimed to have been set up in 1221 in the Church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence, Italy, which ... | In what year is the oldest pharmacy said to have been established? | {
"answer_start": [
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"1221",
"1221",
"1221"
]
} | In what year is the oldest pharmacy said to have been established? | [
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5726e08e5951b619008f810f | Pharmacy | In most countries, the dispensary is subject to pharmacy legislation; with requirements for storage conditions, compulsory texts, equipment, etc., specified in legislation. Where it was once the case that pharmacists stayed within the dispensary compounding/dispensing medications, there has been an increasing trend tow... | What is the dispensary subject to in a majority of countries? | {
"answer_start": [
48,
48,
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"text": [
"pharmacy legislation",
"pharmacy legislation",
"pharmacy legislation"
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} | What is the dispensary subject to in a majority of countries? | [
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5726e08e5951b619008f8110 | Pharmacy | In most countries, the dispensary is subject to pharmacy legislation; with requirements for storage conditions, compulsory texts, equipment, etc., specified in legislation. Where it was once the case that pharmacists stayed within the dispensary compounding/dispensing medications, there has been an increasing trend tow... | What responsibilities were pharmacy technicians formerly limited to? | {
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"text": [
"within the dispensary compounding/dispensing medications",
"communicating with patients",
"compounding/dispensing medications"
]
} | What responsibilities were pharmacy technicians formerly limited to? | [
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5726e08e5951b619008f8111 | Pharmacy | In most countries, the dispensary is subject to pharmacy legislation; with requirements for storage conditions, compulsory texts, equipment, etc., specified in legislation. Where it was once the case that pharmacists stayed within the dispensary compounding/dispensing medications, there has been an increasing trend tow... | What do pharmacy technicians depend on more and more? | {
"answer_start": [
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"text": [
"automation",
"automation",
"automation"
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} | What do pharmacy technicians depend on more and more? | [
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5726e08e5951b619008f8112 | Pharmacy | In most countries, the dispensary is subject to pharmacy legislation; with requirements for storage conditions, compulsory texts, equipment, etc., specified in legislation. Where it was once the case that pharmacists stayed within the dispensary compounding/dispensing medications, there has been an increasing trend tow... | What are new responsibilities pharmacy technicians now deal with? | {
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"text": [
"patients' prescriptions and patient safety issues",
"patients' prescriptions and patient safety issues",
"dealing with patients' prescriptions and patient safety issues"
]
} | What are new responsibilities pharmacy technicians now deal with? | [
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5726e08e5951b619008f8113 | Pharmacy | In most countries, the dispensary is subject to pharmacy legislation; with requirements for storage conditions, compulsory texts, equipment, etc., specified in legislation. Where it was once the case that pharmacists stayed within the dispensary compounding/dispensing medications, there has been an increasing trend tow... | What does pharmacy legislation mandate? | {
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"text": [
"storage conditions, compulsory texts, equipment, etc.",
"storage conditions, compulsory texts, equipment, etc.",
"storage conditions, compulsory texts, equipment"
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} | What does pharmacy legislation mandate? | [
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5726e179dd62a815002e93ae | Pharmacy | Because of the complexity of medications including specific indications, effectiveness of treatment regimens, safety of medications (i.e., drug interactions) and patient compliance issues (in the hospital and at home) many pharmacists practicing in hospitals gain more education and training after pharmacy school throug... | Where do pharmacists acquire more preparation following pharmacy school? | {
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"text": [
"a pharmacy practice residency",
"pharmacy practice residency",
"pharmacy practice residency"
]
} | Where do pharmacists acquire more preparation following pharmacy school? | [
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5726e179dd62a815002e93af | Pharmacy | Because of the complexity of medications including specific indications, effectiveness of treatment regimens, safety of medications (i.e., drug interactions) and patient compliance issues (in the hospital and at home) many pharmacists practicing in hospitals gain more education and training after pharmacy school throug... | What do clinical pharmacists specialize in? | {
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5726e179dd62a815002e93b0 | Pharmacy | Because of the complexity of medications including specific indications, effectiveness of treatment regimens, safety of medications (i.e., drug interactions) and patient compliance issues (in the hospital and at home) many pharmacists practicing in hospitals gain more education and training after pharmacy school throug... | What is one issue that adds to the complexity of a pharmacist's job? | {
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5726e179dd62a815002e93b1 | Pharmacy | Because of the complexity of medications including specific indications, effectiveness of treatment regimens, safety of medications (i.e., drug interactions) and patient compliance issues (in the hospital and at home) many pharmacists practicing in hospitals gain more education and training after pharmacy school throug... | Which pharmacists are likely to seek additional education following pharmacy school? | {
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5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb2 | Pharmacy | Hospital pharmacies can often be found within the premises of the hospital. Hospital pharmacies usually stock a larger range of medications, including more specialized medications, than would be feasible in the community setting. Most hospital medications are unit-dose, or a single dose of medicine. Hospital pharmacist... | Where are many hospital pharmacies located? | {
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5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb3 | Pharmacy | Hospital pharmacies can often be found within the premises of the hospital. Hospital pharmacies usually stock a larger range of medications, including more specialized medications, than would be feasible in the community setting. Most hospital medications are unit-dose, or a single dose of medicine. Hospital pharmacist... | In what form are most hospital medications? | {
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5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb4 | Pharmacy | Hospital pharmacies can often be found within the premises of the hospital. Hospital pharmacies usually stock a larger range of medications, including more specialized medications, than would be feasible in the community setting. Most hospital medications are unit-dose, or a single dose of medicine. Hospital pharmacist... | What types of pharmacy functions have begun to be outsourced? | {
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5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb5 | Pharmacy | Hospital pharmacies can often be found within the premises of the hospital. Hospital pharmacies usually stock a larger range of medications, including more specialized medications, than would be feasible in the community setting. Most hospital medications are unit-dose, or a single dose of medicine. Hospital pharmacist... | What is one factor that increases the importance of the pharmacy performing at a high level? | {
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5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb6 | Pharmacy | Hospital pharmacies can often be found within the premises of the hospital. Hospital pharmacies usually stock a larger range of medications, including more specialized medications, than would be feasible in the community setting. Most hospital medications are unit-dose, or a single dose of medicine. Hospital pharmacist... | What are some advantages of hospital pharmacies? | {
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5726e3c4dd62a815002e9404 | Pharmacy | Pharmacists provide direct patient care services that optimizes the use of medication and promotes health, wellness, and disease prevention. Clinical pharmacists care for patients in all health care settings, but the clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics. Clinical pharmacists often col... | What do the services given by pharmacists provide? | {
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5726e3c4dd62a815002e9405 | Pharmacy | Pharmacists provide direct patient care services that optimizes the use of medication and promotes health, wellness, and disease prevention. Clinical pharmacists care for patients in all health care settings, but the clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics. Clinical pharmacists often col... | What is the origin of clinical pharmacy? | {
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5726e3c4dd62a815002e9406 | Pharmacy | Pharmacists provide direct patient care services that optimizes the use of medication and promotes health, wellness, and disease prevention. Clinical pharmacists care for patients in all health care settings, but the clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics. Clinical pharmacists often col... | Who do clinical pharmacists work with much of the time? | {
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5726e3c4dd62a815002e9407 | Pharmacy | Pharmacists provide direct patient care services that optimizes the use of medication and promotes health, wellness, and disease prevention. Clinical pharmacists care for patients in all health care settings, but the clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics. Clinical pharmacists often col... | What do clinical pharmacists often participate in? | {
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5726e3c4dd62a815002e9408 | Pharmacy | Pharmacists provide direct patient care services that optimizes the use of medication and promotes health, wellness, and disease prevention. Clinical pharmacists care for patients in all health care settings, but the clinical pharmacy movement initially began inside hospitals and clinics. Clinical pharmacists often col... | Where do clinical pharmacists work with patients? | {
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5726e5c95951b619008f81cb | Pharmacy | The clinical pharmacist's role involves creating a comprehensive drug therapy plan for patient-specific problems, identifying goals of therapy, and reviewing all prescribed medications prior to dispensing and administration to the patient. The review process often involves an evaluation of the appropriateness of the dr... | What is one example of what a clinical pharmacist's duties entail? | {
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5726e5c95951b619008f81cc | Pharmacy | The clinical pharmacist's role involves creating a comprehensive drug therapy plan for patient-specific problems, identifying goals of therapy, and reviewing all prescribed medications prior to dispensing and administration to the patient. The review process often involves an evaluation of the appropriateness of the dr... | What is involved in a review of prescribed medications? | {
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0.11204822361... | From Italy, the disease spread northwest across Europe, striking France, Spain, Portugal and England by June 1348, then turned and spread east through Germany and Scandinavia from 1348 to 1350. It was introduced in Norway in 1349 when a ship landed at Askøy, then spread to Bjørgvin (modern Bergen) and Iceland. Finally ... | Public policy determines the extent to which renewable energy (RE) is to be incorporated into a developed or developing country's generation mix. Energy sector regulators implement that policy—thus affecting the pace and pattern of RE investments and connections to the grid. Energy regulators often have authority to ca... | Others have argued that excessive regulation suppresses therapeutic innovation, and that the current cost of regulator-required clinical trials prevents the full exploitation of new genetic and biological knowledge for the treatment of human disease. A 2012 report by the President's Council of Advisors on Science and T... | an evaluation of the appropriateness of the drug therapy | 94,002 |
5726e5c95951b619008f81cd | Pharmacy | The clinical pharmacist's role involves creating a comprehensive drug therapy plan for patient-specific problems, identifying goals of therapy, and reviewing all prescribed medications prior to dispensing and administration to the patient. The review process often involves an evaluation of the appropriateness of the dr... | What are the components of drug therapy? | {
"answer_start": [
338,
338,
338
],
"text": [
"drug choice, dose, route, frequency, and duration of therapy",
"drug choice, dose, route, frequency, and duration of therapy",
"drug choice, dose, route, frequency, and duration of therapy"
]
} | What are the components of drug therapy? | [
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-0.13163566589355... | By the 9th century, Catalan had evolved from Vulgar Latin on both sides of the eastern end of the Pyrenees, as well as the territories of the Roman province of Hispania Tarraconensis to the south. From the 8th century onwards the Catalan counts extended their territory southwards and westwards at the expense of the Mus... | Public policy determines the extent to which renewable energy (RE) is to be incorporated into a developed or developing country's generation mix. Energy sector regulators implement that policy—thus affecting the pace and pattern of RE investments and connections to the grid. Energy regulators often have authority to ca... | Depending on a number of considerations, a company may apply for and be granted a patent for the drug, or the process of producing the drug, granting exclusivity rights typically for about 20 years. However, only after rigorous study and testing, which takes 10 to 15 years on average, will governmental authorities gran... | drug choice, dose, route, frequency, and duration of therapy | 94,003 |
5726e5c95951b619008f81ce | Pharmacy | The clinical pharmacist's role involves creating a comprehensive drug therapy plan for patient-specific problems, identifying goals of therapy, and reviewing all prescribed medications prior to dispensing and administration to the patient. The review process often involves an evaluation of the appropriateness of the dr... | What are some other factors a pharmacist must monitor? | {
"answer_start": [
455,
455,
455
],
"text": [
"potential drug interactions, adverse drug reactions",
"potential drug interactions",
"potential drug interactions, adverse drug reactions, and assess patient drug allergies"
]
} | What are some other factors a pharmacist must monitor? | [
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-0.2110623270273... | On 18 January 2014, the interim government successfully institutionalised a more secular constitution. The president is elected to a four-year term and may serve 2 terms. The parliament may impeach the president. Under the constitution, there is a guarantee of gender equality and absolute freedom of thought. The milita... | Public policy determines the extent to which renewable energy (RE) is to be incorporated into a developed or developing country's generation mix. Energy sector regulators implement that policy—thus affecting the pace and pattern of RE investments and connections to the grid. Energy regulators often have authority to ca... | Other supportive evidence includes: a ≥20% difference in peak expiratory flow rate on at least three days in a week for at least two weeks, a ≥20% improvement of peak flow following treatment with either salbutamol, inhaled corticosteroids or prednisone, or a ≥20% decrease in peak flow following exposure to a trigger. ... | potential drug interactions, adverse drug reactions | 94,004 |
5726e985dd62a815002e94da | Pharmacy | In the U.S. federal health care system (including the VA, the Indian Health Service, and NIH) ambulatory care pharmacists are given full independent prescribing authority. In some states such North Carolina and New Mexico these pharmacist clinicians are given collaborative prescriptive and diagnostic authority. In 2011... | What type of authority are ambulatory care pharmacists given in the U.S. federal health care system? | {
"answer_start": [
132,
132,
132
],
"text": [
"full independent prescribing authority",
"full independent prescribing authority",
"full independent prescribing authority"
]
} | What type of authority are ambulatory care pharmacists given in the [MASK] federal health care system? | [
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-0.26214969158172... | The first 256 code points were made identical to the content of ISO-8859-1 so as to make it trivial to convert existing western text. Many essentially identical characters were encoded multiple times at different code points to preserve distinctions used by legacy encodings and therefore, allow conversion from those en... | The word pharmacy is derived from its root word pharma which was a term used since the 15th–17th centuries. However, the original Greek roots from pharmakos imply sorcery or even poison. In addition to pharma responsibilities, the pharma offered general medical advice and a range of services that are now performed sole... | The National Council on Qualifications for the Lighting Professions (NCQLP) offers the Lighting Certification Examination which tests rudimentary lighting design principles. Individuals who pass this exam become ‘Lighting Certified’ and may append the abbreviation LC to their name. This certification process is one of ... | full independent prescribing authority | 94,005 |
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