Unnamed: 0.1 int64 1 131k | Unnamed: 0 int64 1 130k | id stringlengths 6 24 | title stringclasses 2
values | context stringlengths 151 44k | question stringlengths 2 25.7k | answers stringlengths 32 440 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
192 | 192 | 138451 | pubqa | An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms... | What measures were taken to prevent the event?
| {'answer_id': 274466, 'document_id': 445596, 'question_id': 138451, 'text': 'Risks related to similar races should be assessed and recommendations be proposed to raise awareness among health authorities and organisers', 'answer_start': 1202, 'answer_category': 'LONG'} |
90,932 | 90,590 | 5728b741ff5b5019007da549 | generic | When Cowan Powers and his family recorded their old-time music from 1924-1926, his daughter Orpha Powers was one of the earliest known southern-music artists to record with the mandolin. By the 1930s, single mandolins were becoming more commonly used in southern string band music, most notably by brother duets such as ... | Who was considered the father of Bluegrass music? | {'text': 'Bill Monroe', 'answer_start': 545} |
111,718 | 111,376 | 5ad0c33c645df0001a2d022c | generic | In 1992, the First Division clubs resigned from the Football League en masse and on 27 May 1992 the FA Premier League was formed as a limited company working out of an office at the Football Association's then headquarters in Lancaster Gate. This meant a break-up of the 104-year-old Football League that had operated un... | The Football League operated for 105 years with how many divisions? | {'text': 'four', 'answer_start': 334} |
99,120 | 98,778 | 5a46f2ae5fd40d001a27dcfe | generic | Rajasthani cooking was influenced by both the war-like lifestyles of its inhabitants and the availability of ingredients in this arid region. Food that could last for several days and could be eaten without heating was preferred. The scarcity of water and fresh green vegetables have all had their effect on the cooking.... | What was Bikaneri Bhujia cooking influenced by? | {'text': 'both the war-like lifestyles of its inhabitants and the availability of ingredients in this arid region', 'answer_start': 37} |
30,009 | 29,667 | 5706265075f01819005e79fa | generic | The study of the molecular and cellular components that comprise the immune system, including their function and interaction, is the central science of immunology. The immune system has been divided into a more primitive innate immune system and, in vertebrates, an acquired or adaptive immune system. The latter is furt... | The total immune system is generally composed of what types of structures? | {'text': 'molecular and cellular components', 'answer_start': 17} |
129,405 | 129,063 | 573423284776f4190066192e | generic | In the absence of suitable plate culture techniques, some microbes require culture within live animals. Bacteria such as Mycobacterium leprae and Treponema pallidum can be grown in animals, although serological and microscopic techniques make the use of live animals unnecessary. Viruses are also usually identified usin... | What can Mycobacterium leprae and Treponema pallidum be grown in? | {'text': 'animals', 'answer_start': 181} |
15,810 | 15,468 | 56e047177aa994140058e41d | generic | Aspirated consonants are not always followed by vowels or other voiced sounds. For example, in Eastern Armenian, aspiration is contrastive even word-finally, and aspirated consonants occur in consonant clusters. In Wahgi, consonants are aspirated only in final position. | Where are consonants aspirated in just the final position? | {'text': 'Wahgi', 'answer_start': 215} |
61,744 | 61,402 | 5a79f25b17ab25001a8a01ff | generic | Most cases are litigated in state courts and involve claims and defenses under state laws. In a 2012 report, the National Center for State Courts' Court Statistics Project found that state trial courts received 103.5 million newly filed cases in 2010, which consisted of 56.3 million traffic cases, 20.4 million criminal... | There were 20.4 million traffic cases in what year? | {'text': '2010', 'answer_start': 246} |
58,692 | 58,350 | 5ad0c7df645df0001a2d0303 | generic | All major cities have their distinctive local department stores, which anchored the downtown shopping district until the arrival of the malls in the 1960s. Washington, for example, after 1887 had Woodward & Lothrop and Garfinckel's starting in 1905. Garfield's went bankrupt in 1990, as did Woodward & Lothrop in 1994. B... | How many major department stores didn't Baltimore have at the time? | {'text': 'four', 'answer_start': 333} |
120,076 | 119,734 | 57313e9a05b4da19006bcf30 | generic | Han Chinese farmers were resettled from north China by the Qing to the area along the Liao River in order to restore the land to cultivation. Wasteland was reclaimed by Han Chinese squatters in addition to other Han who rented land from Manchu landlords. Despite officially prohibiting Han Chinese settlement on the Manc... | Where were starving Han sent by the Qing? | {'text': 'Manchuria and Inner Mongolia', 'answer_start': 478} |
61,510 | 61,168 | 5726d83d708984140094d335 | generic | Federal law and treaties, so long as they are in accordance with the Constitution, preempt conflicting state and territorial laws in the 50 U.S. states and in the territories. However, the scope of federal preemption is limited because the scope of federal power is not universal. In the dual-sovereign system of America... | States can grant their people broader rights than those granted in what document? | {'text': 'the federal Constitution', 'answer_start': 637} |
71,696 | 71,354 | 5acf675677cf76001a684d81 | generic | Leakage is equivalent to a resistor in parallel with the capacitor. Constant exposure to heat can cause dielectric breakdown and excessive leakage, a problem often seen in older vacuum tube circuits, particularly where oiled paper and foil capacitors were used. In many vacuum tube circuits, interstage coupling capacito... | What will never cause excessive leakage in a capacitor? | {'text': 'Constant exposure to heat', 'answer_start': 68} |
113,945 | 113,603 | 5acd1a1a07355d001abf3500 | generic | The oldest rocks in the group are in the north west of Scotland, Ireland and North Wales and are 2,700 million years old. During the Silurian period the north-western regions collided with the south-east, which had been part of a separate continental landmass. The topography of the islands is modest in scale by global ... | What Island was inhabited in 12,000 B.C. | {'text': 'Ireland', 'answer_start': 1029} |
119,639 | 119,297 | 5a14c7bda54d420018529343 | generic | According to Joshua Baron – a "researcher, lecturer, and consultant on international conflict" – since the early 1960s direct military conflicts and major confrontations have "receded into the background" with regards to relations among the great powers. Baron argues several reasons why this is the case, citing the unp... | Since what time has there been direct military conflicts among countries? | {'text': 'since the start of the modern era (the 16th century)', 'answer_start': 643} |
84,607 | 84,265 | 5727fc0cff5b5019007d9a01 | generic | The Roman Catholic Church celebrates his feast day not on the date of his death, June 3, as is usual, nor even on the day of his papal inauguration (as is sometimes done with Popes who are Saints, such as with John Paul II) but on 11 October, the day of the first session of the Second Vatican Council. This is understan... | Where did Pope Francis commemorate his death on 3 June? | {'text': 'by the Evangelical Lutheran Church', 'answer_start': 618} |
37,158 | 36,816 | 570b56026b8089140040f896 | generic | World War II holds a special place in the American psyche as the country's greatest triumph, and the U.S. military personnel of World War II are frequently referred to as "the Greatest Generation." Over 16 million served (about 11% of the population), and over 400,000 died during the war. The U.S. emerged as one of the... | Both during and after the conclusion of World War II, the United States formed a firm alliance with what country? | {'text': 'Britain', 'answer_start': 528} |
76,700 | 76,358 | 5a8ca048fd22b3001a8d8c12 | generic | Colin Humphreys and W. G. Waddington of Oxford University considered the possibility that a lunar, rather than solar, eclipse might have taken place. They concluded that such an eclipse would have been visible, for thirty minutes, from Jerusalem and suggested the gospel reference to a solar eclipse was the result of a ... | What university is David Henige employed by? | {'text': 'Oxford University', 'answer_start': 40} |
93,500 | 93,158 | 572927efaf94a219006aa11a | generic | Glass is in widespread use largely due to the production of glass compositions that are transparent to visible light. In contrast, polycrystalline materials do not generally transmit visible light. The individual crystallites may be transparent, but their facets (grain boundaries) reflect or scatter light resulting in ... | What type of glass absorbs some light? | {'text': 'colored', 'answer_start': 878} |
70,463 | 70,121 | 5ad40c8c604f3c001a400076 | generic | The war had removed Bermuda's primary trading partners, the American colonies, from the empire, and dealt a harsh blow to Bermuda's merchant shipping trade. This also suffered due to the deforestation of Bermuda, as well as the advent of metal ships and steam propulsion, for which it did not have raw materials. During ... | Who did control of the Bahamas pass to in 1819? | {'text': 'the Turks', 'answer_start': 468} |
28,916 | 28,574 | 5706c30b0eeca41400aa0e1b | generic | Due to the Ottoman slave trade that had flourished in the Balkans, the coastal town of Ulcinj in Montenegro had its own black community. As a consequence of the slave trade and privateer activity, it is told how until 1878 in Ulcinj 100 black people lived. The Ottoman Army also deployed an estimated 30,000 Black Africa... | How many blacks served in the Ottoman Army during the Austro-Turkish War of 1716-18? | {'text': 'an estimated 30,000', 'answer_start': 288} |
71,088 | 70,746 | 5a580ce1770dc0001aeeff91 | generic | Production industry constitutes a small part of the economy of Utrecht. The economy of Utrecht depends for a large part on the several large institutions located in the city. It is the centre of the Dutch railroad network and the location of the head office of Nederlandse Spoorwegen. ProRail is headquartered in The De ... | What resulted in a UFO on the side of The De Inktpot in the 20th century? | {'text': 'an art program', 'answer_start': 439} |
10,799 | 10,457 | 56e47fc539bdeb1400347957 | generic | It is widely assumed that architectural success was the product of a process of trial and error, with progressively less trial and more replication as the results of the process proved increasingly satisfactory. What is termed vernacular architecture continues to be produced in many parts of the world. Indeed, vernacul... | What sort of an effect did a growing economy have on human settlements? | {'text': 'urbanization', 'answer_start': 514} |
126,707 | 126,365 | 5732a189d6dcfa19001e8a46 | generic | During the Cretaceous, the late Paleozoic-early Mesozoic supercontinent of Pangaea completed its breakup into present day continents, although their positions were substantially different at the time. As the Atlantic Ocean widened, the convergent-margin orogenies that had begun during the Jurassic continued in the Nort... | South America was formerly which continent? | {'text': 'Gondwana', 'answer_start': 486} |
65,774 | 65,432 | 5726a550f1498d1400e8e5ef | generic | Communism remained an important focus especially during the 1950s and 1960s. Colonialism and racism were important issues that arose. In general, there was a marked trend towards a pragmatic approach to political issues, rather than a philosophical one. Much academic debate regarded one or both of two pragmatic topics:... | Who wrote The Sexual Contract? | {'text': 'Carole Patemen', 'answer_start': 882} |
12,207 | 11,865 | 56df827c56340a1900b29c9c | generic | Antarctic explorers Robert Falcon Scott and Frank Bickerton both lived in the city. Artists include Beryl Cook whose paintings depict the culture of Plymouth and Robert Lenkiewicz, whose paintings investigated themes of vagrancy, sexual behaviour and suicide, lived in the city from the 1960s until his death in 2002. Il... | Where do the family of Michael Foot live? | {'text': 'Trematon Castle', 'answer_start': 1110} |
129,471 | 129,129 | 5734284ad058e614000b6a49 | generic | Thus, the technological ability to detect any infectious agent rapidly and specifically are currently available. The only remaining blockades to the use of PCR as a standard tool of diagnosis are in its cost and application, neither of which is insurmountable. The diagnosis of a few diseases will not benefit from the d... | What are the remaining blockades to the use or PCR as a standard tool of diagnosis? | {'text': 'cost and application', 'answer_start': 203} |
43,937 | 43,595 | 570e52840b85d914000d7e2b | generic | Uranium's average concentration in the Earth's crust is (depending on the reference) 2 to 4 parts per million, or about 40 times as abundant as silver. The Earth's crust from the surface to 25 km (15 mi) down is calculated to contain 1017 kg (2×1017 lb) of uranium while the oceans may contain 1013 kg (2×1013 lb). The c... | How many times more abundant than silver is uranium in the Earth's crust? | {'text': '40', 'answer_start': 120} |
124,627 | 124,285 | 573251740fdd8d15006c6987 | generic | Though Jehovah's Witnesses do not accept blood transfusions of whole blood, they may accept some blood plasma fractions at their own discretion. The Watch Tower Society provides pre-formatted durable power of attorney documents prohibiting major blood components, in which members can specify which allowable fractions a... | What can Jehovah's Witnesses' members specify on the canned legal forms from the WTS? | {'text': 'allowable fractions and treatments they will personally accept', 'answer_start': 299} |
56,053 | 55,711 | 5726c95cf1498d1400e8eb31 | generic | While most Hokkien morphemes have standard designated characters, they are not always etymological or phono-semantic. Similar-sounding, similar-meaning or rare characters are commonly borrowed or substituted to represent a particular morpheme. Examples include "beautiful" (美 bí is the literary form), whose vernacular m... | In some cases, charcters are invented to represent what? | {'text': 'a particular morpheme', 'answer_start': 730} |
102,540 | 102,198 | 572e86a903f989190075672d | generic | Intercommunal violence erupted on December 21, 1963, when two Turkish Cypriots were killed at an incident involving the Greek Cypriot police. The violence resulted in the death of 364 Turkish and 174 Greek Cypriots, destruction of 109 Turkish Cypriot or mixed villages and displacement of 25,000-30,000 Turkish Cypriots.... | How many Turkish Cypriots were displaced due to the violence? | {'text': '25,000-30,', 'answer_start': 289} |
5,618 | 5,276 | 56d09f06234ae51400d9c3cc | generic | In Buddhism, Karma (from Sanskrit: "action, work") is the force that drives saṃsāra—the cycle of suffering and rebirth for each being. Good, skillful deeds (Pali: "kusala") and bad, unskillful (Pāli: "akusala") actions produce "seeds" in the mind that come to fruition either in this life or in a subsequent rebirth. The... | What is theavoidance of unwholesome actions and the cultivation of positive actions called? | {'text': 'sīla', 'answer_start': 404} |
30,049 | 29,707 | 5706f5de90286e26004fc766 | generic | Immunology is strongly experimental in everyday practice but is also characterized by an ongoing theoretical attitude. Many theories have been suggested in immunology from the end of the nineteenth century up to the present time. The end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century saw a battle between "ce... | Humoral immunology theorized that the origin of the immune system lay in what? | {'text': 'soluble components (molecules)', 'answer_start': 688} |
91,057 | 90,715 | 5728b8b93acd2414000dfd4c | generic | The higher-level phylogeny of the arthropods continues to be a matter of debate and research. In 2008, researchers at Tufts University uncovered what they believe is the world's oldest known full-body impression of a primitive flying insect, a 300 million-year-old specimen from the Carboniferous period. The oldest defi... | What is believed to be the oldest known insect fossil? | {'text': 'Devonian Rhyniognatha hirsti', 'answer_start': 348} |
125,507 | 125,165 | 5732a8641d5d2e14009ff886 | generic | These institutions, as well as certain regulated banks, had also assumed significant debt burdens while providing the loans described above and did not have a financial cushion sufficient to absorb large loan defaults or MBS losses. These losses impacted the ability of financial institutions to lend, slowing economic a... | What was a consequence of the large loan defaults and MBS losses in 2007? | {'text': 'slowing economic activity', 'answer_start': 302} |
8,640 | 8,298 | 5acfc40e77cf76001a685dd0 | generic | The United Kingdom's constitution, being uncodified and largely unwritten, makes no mention of a prime minister. Though it had de facto existed for centuries, its first mention in official state documents did not occur until the first decade of the twentieth century. Accordingly, it is often said "not to exist", indeed... | Who was the forst prime minister to also be Chancellor of the Exchequer? | {'text': 'Balfour', 'answer_start': 602} |
103,401 | 103,059 | 572ef6bfcb0c0d14000f16a8 | generic | Material transport elevators generally consist of an inclined plane on which a conveyor belt runs. The conveyor often includes partitions to ensure that the material moves forward. These elevators are often used in industrial and agricultural applications. When such mechanisms (or spiral screws or pneumatic transport) ... | What industries are these types of elevators generally used in? | {'text': 'industrial and agricultural applications', 'answer_start': 215} |
121,006 | 120,664 | 573154ae05b4da19006bd049 | generic | The last ruler from the Ptolemaic line was Cleopatra VII, who committed suicide following the burial of her lover Mark Antony who had died in her arms (from a self-inflicted stab wound), after Octavian had captured Alexandria and her mercenary forces had fled. The Ptolemies faced rebellions of native Egyptians often ca... | Who captured Alexandria, ending Ptolemaic rule? | {'text': 'Octavian', 'answer_start': 193} |
80,201 | 79,859 | 572802ac2ca10214002d9b65 | generic | A USB packet's end, called EOP (end-of-packet), is indicated by the transmitter driving 2 bit times of SE0 (D+ and D− both below max.) and 1 bit time of J state. After this, the transmitter ceases to drive the D+/D− lines and the aforementioned pull up resistors hold it in the J (idle) state. Sometimes skew due to hubs... | What can skew due to hubs add? | {'text': 'as much as one bit time before the SE0 of the end of packet', 'answer_start': 329} |
100,546 | 100,204 | 5acd85d807355d001abf4572 | generic | At the level of the individual, there is a large literature, generally related to the work of Jacob Mincer, on how earnings are related to the schooling and other human capital. This work has motivated a large number of studies, but is also controversial. The chief controversies revolve around how to interpret the impa... | Who did not influence earnings related to school? | {'text': 'Jacob Mincer', 'answer_start': 94} |
49,170 | 48,828 | 571b212d9499d21900609c2b | generic | In 1838, there was a flurry of entrepreneurial activity involving asphalt/bitumen, which had uses beyond paving. For example, asphalt could also used for flooring, damp proofing in buildings, and for waterproofing of various types of pools and baths, with these latter themselves proliferating in the 19th century. On th... | Many of what were granted in France, but denied in Britain? | {'text': 'patents', 'answer_start': 456} |
36,320 | 35,978 | 5a1f508a54a786001a36b263 | generic | The core technology used in a videoconferencing system is digital compression of audio and video streams in real time. The hardware or software that performs compression is called a codec (coder/decoder). Compression rates of up to 1:500 can be achieved. The resulting digital stream of 1s and 0s is subdivided into labe... | What is the core digital network used in a videoconferencing system? | {'text': 'digital compression of audio and video streams in real time', 'answer_start': 58} |
84,925 | 84,583 | 5727fdb7ff5b5019007d9a58 | generic | The most accurate timekeeping devices are atomic clocks, which are accurate to seconds in many millions of years, and are used to calibrate other clocks and timekeeping instruments. Atomic clocks use the frequency of electronic transitions in certain atoms to measure the second. One of the most common atoms used is cae... | Which system bases its unit of time on the properties of caesium? | {'text': 'the International System of Measurements', 'answer_start': 451} |
85,280 | 84,938 | 572807653acd2414000df29f | generic | José Manuel González-Páramo, a Spanish member of the Executive Board since June 2004, was due to leave the board in early June 2012 and no replacement had been named as of late May 2012. The Spanish had nominated Barcelona-born Antonio Sáinz de Vicuña, an ECB veteran who heads its legal department, as González-Páramo's... | When was González-Páramo's supposed to leave his seat on the board? | {'text': 'June 2012', 'answer_start': 122} |
15,534 | 15,192 | 56e065a0231d4119001ac090 | generic | The UK government has spent £250 million in the construction of the island's airport. Expected to be fully operational early 2016, it is expected to help the island towards self-sufficiency and encourage economic development, reducing dependence on British government aid. The airport is also expected to kick start the ... | Which industry is the airport supposed to help when it becomes complete? | {'text': 'tourism', 'answer_start': 320} |
8,328 | 7,986 | 5ad00faf77cf76001a686847 | generic | Congo-Brazzaville has had a multi-party political system since the early 1990s, although the system is heavily dominated by President Denis Sassou Nguesso; he has lacked serious competition in the presidential elections held under his rule. Sassou Nguesso is backed by his own Congolese Labour Party (French: Parti Congo... | Who has serious competition in the presidential elections? | {'text': 'President Denis Sassou Nguesso', 'answer_start': 124} |
103,932 | 103,590 | 5acd71d007355d001abf4287 | generic | 1,500 V DC is used in the Netherlands, Japan, Republic Of Indonesia, Hong Kong (parts), Republic of Ireland, Australia (parts), India (around the Mumbai area alone, has been converted to 25 kV AC like the rest of India), France (also using 25 kV 50 Hz AC), New Zealand (Wellington) and the United States (Chicago area on... | 1,500 V DC is used in what district in Connecticut? | {'text': 'the Metra Electric', 'answer_start': 321} |
43,370 | 43,028 | 5ad0d0e9645df0001a2d04da | generic | Eritrea is a multilingual country. The nation has no official language, as the Constitution establishes the "equality of all Eritrean languages". However, Tigrinya serves as the de facto language of national identity. With 2,540,000 total speakers of a population of 5,254,000 in 2006, Tigrinya is the most widely spoken... | How many speakers of Tigrinya are there in the world? | {'text': '5,254,000', 'answer_start': 267} |
122,439 | 122,097 | 5731ae9f0fdd8d15006c6452 | generic | The anti-bullying It Gets Better Project expanded from a single YouTube video directed to discouraged or suicidal LGBT teens, that within two months drew video responses from hundreds including U.S. President Barack Obama, Vice President Biden, White House staff, and several cabinet secretaries. Similarly, in response ... | How ling did it take the It Gets Better Project video to draw such a huge response? | {'text': 'within two months', 'answer_start': 131} |
54,935 | 54,593 | 57266556f1498d1400e8de3c | generic | Notable Greek scientists of modern times include Dimitrios Galanos, Georgios Papanikolaou (inventor of the Pap test), Nicholas Negroponte, Constantin Carathéodory (known for the Carathéodory theorems and Carathéodory conjecture), Manolis Andronikos (discovered the tomb of Philip II of Macedon in Vergina), Michael Derto... | What Greek won the 2007 Turing award? | {'text': 'Joseph Sifakis', 'answer_start': 553} |
102,811 | 102,469 | 572e9600c246551400ce4396 | generic | Based on the strength of his work, Universal signed Spielberg to do four TV films. The first was a Richard Matheson adaptation called Duel. The film is about a psychotic Peterbilt 281 tanker truck driver who chases the terrified driver (Dennis Weaver) of a small Plymouth Valiant and tries to run him off the road. Speci... | How many TV films did Universal sign Spielbergo to direct? | {'text': 'four', 'answer_start': 68} |
3,453 | 3,111 | 56d5372f2593cc1400307ae5 | generic | The earthquake left at least 5 million people without housing, although the number could be as high as 11 million. Millions of livestock and a significant amount of agriculture were also destroyed, including 12.5 million animals, mainly birds. In the Sichuan province a million pigs died out of 60 million total. Catastr... | How much livestock was lost? | {'text': '12.5 million animals', 'answer_start': 208} |
44,942 | 44,600 | 571033ecb654c5140001f8b1 | generic | These studies suggest that men and women are different in terms of sexual arousal patterns and that this is also reflected in how their genitals react to sexual stimuli of both genders or even to non-human stimuli. Sexual orientation has many dimensions (attractions, behavior, identity), of which sexual arousal is the ... | What do these studies suggest? | {'text': 'that men and women are different in terms of sexual arousal patterns', 'answer_start': 22} |
47,221 | 46,879 | 571a2c554faf5e1900b8a8f7 | generic | Short-term memory is supported by transient patterns of neuronal communication, dependent on regions of the frontal lobe (especially dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) and the parietal lobe. Long-term memory, on the other hand, is maintained by more stable and permanent changes in neural connections widely spread througho... | Which part of the brain does long-term memory rely on? | {'text': 'hippocampus', 'answer_start': 338} |
49,298 | 48,956 | 5ace561832bba1001ae4a2f5 | generic | Asphalt/bitumen is similar to the organic matter in carbonaceous meteorites. However, detailed studies have shown these materials to be distinct. The vast Alberta bitumen resources are believed to have started out as living material from marine plants and animals, mainly algae, that died millions of years ago when an a... | Bitumen is similar to inorganic matter in what type of meteorites? | {'text': 'carbonaceous', 'answer_start': 52} |
97,406 | 97,064 | 572a630e7a1753140016aefb | generic | In 1991, US President George H. W. Bush awarded Hayek the Presidential Medal of Freedom, one of the two highest civilian awards in the United States, for a "lifetime of looking beyond the horizon". Hayek died on 23 March 1992 in Freiburg, Germany, and was buried on 4 April in the Neustift am Walde cemetery in the north... | Which President presented the award to Hayek? | {'text': 'George H. W. Bush', 'answer_start': 22} |
47,861 | 47,519 | 5ad2d3dbd7d075001a42a3bc | generic | Many Latin American migrants have been mestizo, Amerindian, or other mixed race. Multiracial Latinos have limited media appearance; critics have accused the U.S. Hispanic media of overlooking the brown-skinned indigenous and multiracial Hispanic and black Hispanic populations by over-representation of blond and blue/gr... | Who has accused the media of ignoring blonde Hispanic Americans? | {'text': 'critics', 'answer_start': 132} |
69,166 | 68,824 | 57278080708984140094df4b | generic | In Australia, nonprofit organisations include trade unions, charitable entities, co-operatives, universities and hospitals, mutual societies, grass-root and support groups, political parties, religious groups, incorporated associations, not-for-profit companies, trusts and more. Furthermore, they operate across a multi... | When was the Associations Incorporation Act adopted? | {'text': '1985', 'answer_start': 750} |
100,598 | 100,256 | 572bdd2e2babe914003c295f | generic | Stretching west from the Blue Ridge for approximately 55 miles (89 km) is the Ridge and Valley region, in which numerous tributaries join to form the Tennessee River in the Tennessee Valley. This area of Tennessee is covered by fertile valleys separated by wooded ridges, such as Bays Mountain and Clinch Mountain. The w... | What is the western part of the Tennessee Valley called? | {'text': 'the Great Valley', 'answer_start': 436} |
92,365 | 92,023 | 57293c2eaf94a219006aa1d6 | generic | On July 6, John Kerry selected John Edwards as his running mate, shortly before the 2004 Democratic National Convention in Boston, held later that month. Days before Kerry announced Edwards as his running mate, Kerry gave a short list of three candidates: Sen John Edwards, Rep Dick Gephardt, and Gov Tom Vilsack. Headin... | Which part of Kerry's Boston speech made reference to his military experience? | {'text': '"I\'m John Kerry and I\'m reporting for duty."', 'answer_start': 604} |
121,866 | 121,524 | 57319760e99e3014001e6178 | generic | Rome had a semi-divine ancestor in the Trojan refugee Aeneas, son of Venus, who was said to have established the nucleus of Roman religion when he brought the Palladium, Lares and Penates from Troy to Italy. These objects were believed in historical times to remain in the keeping of the Vestals, Rome's female priesthoo... | To whom did Aeneas set up an alter in Rome? | {'text': 'Hercules', 'answer_start': 502} |
110,107 | 109,765 | 573011bba23a5019007fccf9 | generic | South Tucson is actually the name of an independent, incorporated town of 1 sq mi (2.6 km2), completely surrounded by the city of Tucson, sitting just south of downtown. South Tucson has a colorful, dynamic history. It was first incorporated in 1936, and later reincorporated in 1940. The population consists of about 83... | What year was South Tuscon reincorperated? | {'text': '1940', 'answer_start': 279} |
46,313 | 45,971 | 5ad2a4c4d7d075001a429d9f | generic | By 1988, industry observers stated that the NES's popularity had grown so quickly that the market for Nintendo cartridges was larger than that for all home computer software. Compute! reported in 1989 that Nintendo had sold seven million NES systems in 1988, almost as many as the number of Commodore 64s sold in its fir... | Who reported that Nintendo sold 9 million NES systems? | {'text': 'Compute', 'answer_start': 175} |
29,345 | 29,003 | 5705fbe575f01819005e7826 | generic | As of 2015, the government structure of the New Delhi Municipal Council includes a chairperson, three members of New Delhi's Legislative Assembly, two members nominated by the Chief Minister of the NCT of Delhi and five members nominated by the central government. | The government structure of the New Delhi Municipal Council includes three members from what government body? | {'text': "New Delhi's Legislative Assembly", 'answer_start': 113} |
43,939 | 43,597 | 570e52840b85d914000d7e2d | generic | Uranium's average concentration in the Earth's crust is (depending on the reference) 2 to 4 parts per million, or about 40 times as abundant as silver. The Earth's crust from the surface to 25 km (15 mi) down is calculated to contain 1017 kg (2×1017 lb) of uranium while the oceans may contain 1013 kg (2×1013 lb). The c... | Why is the concentrate of uranium in farmland so high? | {'text': 'phosphate fertilizers', 'answer_start': 451} |
90,226 | 89,884 | 5ad23520d7d075001a4287d7 | generic | In 1937, Popper finally managed to get a position that allowed him to emigrate to New Zealand, where he became lecturer in philosophy at Canterbury University College of the University of New Zealand in Christchurch. It was here that he wrote his influential work The Open Society and its Enemies. In Dunedin he met the ... | What was the title of John Carew Eccles's influential work? | {'text': 'The Open Society and its Enemies', 'answer_start': 264} |
112,622 | 112,280 | 5731cb260fdd8d15006c6531 | generic | Japan sponsored several puppet governments, one of which was headed by Wang Jingwei. However, its policies of brutality toward the Chinese population, of not yielding any real power to these regimes, and of supporting several rival governments failed to make any of them a viable alternative to the Nationalist governmen... | When did the co-operation between Chinese nationalist forces and communists end? | {'text': 'January 1941', 'answer_start': 489} |
125,410 | 125,068 | 5732698fb9d445190005eafb | generic | The Bronx is home to several Off-Off-Broadway theaters, many staging new works by immigrant playwrights from Latin America and Africa. The Pregones Theater, which produces Latin American work, opened a new 130-seat theater in 2005 on Walton Avenue in the South Bronx. Some artists from elsewhere in New York City have be... | What does the Pregones specialize in? | {'text': 'Latin American work', 'answer_start': 172} |
21,113 | 20,771 | 5ad26120d7d075001a428ffd | generic | The most common, and most purely linguistic, criterion is that of mutual intelligibility: two varieties are said to be dialects of the same language if being a speaker of one variety confers sufficient knowledge to understand and be understood by a speaker of the other; otherwise, they are said to be different language... | What is the term for two dialects of different languages that are intertwined? | {'text': 'mutual intelligibility', 'answer_start': 66} |
89,037 | 88,695 | 572849242ca10214002da249 | generic | On 12 January 2002, Musharraf gave a speech against Islamic extremism. He unequivocally condemned all acts of terrorism and pledged to combat Islamic extremism and lawlessness within Pakistan itself. He stated that his government was committed to rooting out extremism and made it clear that the banned militant organiza... | What did Musharraf say his ban wasn't influenced by? | {'text': 'foreign influence', 'answer_start': 546} |
41,458 | 41,116 | 570d49abfed7b91900d45e0b | generic | Among the parish churches are Saints John (Baptist and Evangelist), rebuilt in 1368, whose dome, decorated by Palonino, contains some of the best frescoes in Spain; El Templo (the Temple), the ancient church of the Knights Templar, which passed into the hands of the Order of Montesa and was rebuilt in the reigns of Fer... | Who destroyed the Jesuit college? | {'text': 'the revolutionary Committee of the Popular Front', 'answer_start': 720} |
72,617 | 72,275 | 5727058fdd62a815002e97d2 | generic | The company is often criticized by both the media and its own staff for its less upstanding policies regarding employee relations. A 2012 Reddit post written by an anonymous Comcast call center employee eager to share their negative experiences with the public received attention from publications including The Huffingt... | Besides customer problems, what other area is Comcast often criticized over? | {'text': 'employee relations', 'answer_start': 111} |
96,671 | 96,329 | 572a301c3f37b31900478790 | generic | The Serbian revolution (1804–1815) marked the beginning of an era of national awakening in the Balkans during the Eastern Question. Suzerainty of Serbia as a hereditary monarchy under its own dynasty was acknowledged de jure in 1830. In 1821, the Greeks declared war on the Sultan. A rebellion that originated in Moldavi... | Some parts of the Ottoman Empire gained independence in what year? | {'text': '1829', 'answer_start': 526} |
30,954 | 30,612 | 570716b490286e26004fc8e4 | generic | Under threat from the conservative forces, Governor Terrazas was deposed, and the state legislature proclaimed martial law in the state in April 1864 and established Jesús José Casavantes as the new governor. In response, José María Patoni decided to march to Chihuahua with presidential support. Meanwhile, Maximilian v... | Who was established as the new governor? | {'text': 'Jesús José Casavantes', 'answer_start': 166} |
70,269 | 69,927 | 572909451d04691400778fae | generic | Bermuda's economy is based on offshore insurance and reinsurance, and tourism, the two largest economic sectors. Bermuda had one of the world's highest GDP per capita for most of the 20th century and several years beyond. Recently, its economic status has been affected by the global recession. It has a subtropical clim... | Why is the island safe from full hurricane devastation? | {'text': 'protected from the full force of a hurricane by the coral reef that surrounds the island.', 'answer_start': 636} |
107,216 | 106,874 | 5a7b83a521c2de001afea0e7 | generic | The JEDEC EIA370 transistor device numbers usually start with "2N", indicating a three-terminal device (dual-gate field-effect transistors are four-terminal devices, so begin with 3N), then a 2, 3 or 4-digit sequential number with no significance as to device properties (although early devices with low numbers tend to ... | What are most modern devices made from? | {'text': 'silicon', 'answer_start': 360} |
130,635 | 130,293 | 5a7de93570df9f001a8752f7 | generic | For Descartes, matter has only the property of extension, so its only activity aside from locomotion is to exclude other bodies: this is the mechanical philosophy. Descartes makes an absolute distinction between mind, which he defines as unextended, thinking substance, and matter, which he defines as unthinking, extend... | How does Descartes use matter and the formal/forming principle? | {'text': 'as complementary principles', 'answer_start': 434} |
119,072 | 118,730 | 5731138fe6313a140071cbf8 | generic | The Air Force also provides Commissioned Officer Training (COT) for officers of all three components who are direct-commissioned to non-line positions due to their credentials in medicine, law, religion, biological sciences, or healthcare administration. Originally viewed as a "knife and fork school" that covered littl... | What does the Air Force provide for officers of direct to non-line positions? | {'text': 'Commissioned Officer Training', 'answer_start': 28} |
78,581 | 78,239 | 5727b6c44b864d1900163b1b | generic | Barbershop music is one of several uniquely American art forms. The earliest reports of this style of a cappella music involved African Americans. The earliest documented quartets all began in barbershops. In 1938, the first formal men's barbershop organization was formed, known as the Society for the Preservation and ... | What did the a cappella organization founded in 1938 change its name to in 2004? | {'text': 'Barbershop Harmony Society', 'answer_start': 470} |
70,293 | 69,951 | 572931113f37b319004780ca | generic | The archipelago is formed by high points on the rim of the caldera of a submarine volcano that forms a seamount. The volcano is one part of a range that was formed as part of the same process that formed the floor of the Atlantic, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The top of the seamount has gone through periods of complete ... | Why is the top of the seamount formed by marine organisms? | {'text': 'periods of complete submergence,', 'answer_start': 300} |
13,917 | 13,575 | 56e098707aa994140058e606 | generic | The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR; Russian: Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика, tr. Rossiyskaya Sovetskaya Federativnaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika listen (help·info)) commonly referred to as Soviet Russia or simply as Russia, was a sovereign state i... | How many autonomous republics make up the RSFSR? | {'text': 'sixteen', 'answer_start': 532} |
44,049 | 43,707 | 5a2225ef819328001af38a0c | generic | Norwegian researchers at the University of Tromsø have shown that some Arctic animals (ptarmigan, reindeer) show circadian rhythms only in the parts of the year that have daily sunrises and sunsets. In one study of reindeer, animals at 70 degrees North showed circadian rhythms in the autumn, winter and spring, but not ... | When do reindeer below 70 degrees show circadian rythems? | {'text': 'autumn, winter and spring', 'answer_start': 285} |
14,955 | 14,613 | 5a10c72c06e79900185c33eb | generic | The Internet was developed as a network between government research laboratories and participating departments of universities. By the late 1980s, a process was set in place towards public, commercial use of the Internet. The remaining restrictions were removed by 1995, 4 years after the introduction of the World Wide ... | What was developed as a way for various universities to communicate with each other? | {'text': 'The Internet', 'answer_start': 0} |
41,605 | 41,263 | 570d74d0b3d812140066d989 | generic | The Valencia Cathedral was called Iglesia Mayor in the early days of the Reconquista, then Iglesia de la Seo (Seo is from the Latin sedes, i.e., (archiepiscopal) See), and by virtue of the papal concession of 16 October 1866, it was called the Basilica Metropolitana. It is situated in the centre of the ancient Roman ci... | What was the Valencia Cathedral called from 1866? | {'text': 'Basilica Metropolitana', 'answer_start': 244} |
123,364 | 123,022 | 5731db93e99e3014001e6358 | generic | Until the 1980s, the governor of the Federal District was appointed by the Federal Government, and the laws of Brasília were issued by the Brazilian Federal Senate. With the Constitution of 1988 Brasília gained the right to elect its Governor, and a District Assembly (Câmara Legislativa) was elected to exercise legisla... | What is Brasilia's District Assembly called? | {'text': 'Câmara Legislativa', 'answer_start': 269} |
86,465 | 86,123 | 5acfb46877cf76001a68598a | generic | Originally, legislative power was exercised by the sovereign acting on the advice of the Curia Regis, or Royal Council, in which important magnates and clerics participated and which evolved into parliament. The so-called Model Parliament included bishops, abbots, earls, barons, and two knights from each shire and two ... | The Modern Parliament included whom? | {'text': 'bishops, abbots, earls, barons, and two knights from each shire and two burgesses', 'answer_start': 248} |
115,284 | 114,942 | 573361a8d058e614000b599f | generic | Whitehead's idea of God differs from traditional monotheistic notions. Perhaps his most famous and pointed criticism of the Christian conception of God is that "the Church gave unto God the attributes which belonged exclusively to Caesar." Here Whitehead is criticizing Christianity for defining God as primarily a divin... | What qualities dis Whitehead state that Christians attributed to their version of God? | {'text': 'primarily a divine king who imposes his will on the world, and whose most important attribute is power', 'answer_start': 303} |
129,173 | 128,831 | 5734466eacc1501500babd79 | generic | As the primary former Capital of the Confederate States of America, Richmond is home to many museums and battlefields of the American Civil War. Near the riverfront is the Richmond National Battlefield Park Visitors Center and the American Civil War Center at Historic Tredegar, both housed in the former buildings of th... | What is another name for the Davis Mansion? | {'text': 'White House of the Confederacy', 'answer_start': 525} |
109,814 | 109,472 | 572f7193947a6a140053c974 | generic | Just as the navigational approach would require programs to loop in order to collect records, the relational approach would require loops to collect information about any one record. Codd's solution to the necessary looping was a set-oriented language, a suggestion that would later spawn the ubiquitous SQL. Using a bra... | Who used tuple calculus to show the functionality of databases? | {'text': 'Codd', 'answer_start': 183} |
5,520 | 5,178 | 56d1bc77e7d4791d009020f3 | generic | In Theravada Buddhism, the ultimate goal is the attainment of the sublime state of Nirvana, achieved by practicing the Noble Eightfold Path (also known as the Middle Way), thus escaping what is seen as a cycle of suffering and rebirth. Mahayana Buddhism instead aspires to Buddhahood via the bodhisattva path, a state wh... | In what buddhism is the goal a state of nirvana? | {'text': 'Theravada', 'answer_start': 3} |
54,316 | 53,974 | 5726f9d3f1498d1400e8f193 | generic | The Chinese intervention in late October 1950 bolstered the Korean People's Air Force (KPAF) of North Korea with the MiG-15, one of the world's most advanced jet fighters. The fast, heavily armed MiG outflew first-generation UN jets such as the F-80 (United States Air Force) and Gloster Meteors (Royal Australian Air Fo... | Who ignored the direct participation of the Soviet Union to prevent expanding the Korean War to the Soviet Union? | {'text': 'UN Command', 'answer_start': 737} |
120,726 | 120,384 | 57313cc0a5e9cc1400cdbd82 | generic | In modern color theory, also known as the RGB color model, red, green and blue are additive primary colors. Red, green and blue light combined together makes white light, and these three colors, combined in different mixtures, can produce nearly any other color. This is the principle that is used to make all of the col... | Which era did Cennino Cennini actively paint in? | {'text': 'the Renaissance', 'answer_start': 469} |
116,335 | 115,993 | 57304749a23a5019007fd062 | generic | Swaziland's currency is pegged to the South African Rand, subsuming Swaziland's monetary policy to South Africa. Customs duties from the Southern African Customs Union, which may equal as much as 70% of government revenue this year, and worker remittances from South Africa substantially supplement domestically earned i... | From where does Swaziland get customs revenue? | {'text': 'Southern African Customs Union', 'answer_start': 137} |
61,934 | 61,592 | 5726ecdd5951b619008f827e | generic | In 1 April 2012 by-elections the NLD won 43 of the 45 available seats; previously an illegal organisation, the NLD had never won a Burmese election until this time. The 2012 by-elections were also the first time that international representatives were allowed to monitor the voting process in Myanmar. Following announce... | Are international monitors used in the elections of Burma ? | {'text': 'The 2012 by-elections were also the first time that international representatives were allowed to monitor the voting process in Myanmar', 'answer_start': 165} |
32,115 | 31,773 | 5a83518ce60761001a2eb571 | generic | There are 29 isotopes of copper. 63Cu and 65Cu are stable, with 63Cu comprising approximately 69% of naturally occurring copper; they both have a spin of 3⁄2. The other isotopes are radioactive, with the most stable being 67Cu with a half-life of 61.83 hours. Seven metastable isotopes have been characterized, with 68mC... | What is the orbital period of the copper isotope 67Cu? | {'text': '61.83 hours', 'answer_start': 247} |
44,589 | 44,247 | 5ad35ab6604f3c001a3fde5f | generic | In September 1939, Britain entered the Second World War, which lasted until 1945. During the war, many of London's children were evacuated to avoid the frequent aerial bombing. The suggestion by senior politician Lord Hailsham that the two princesses should be evacuated to Canada was rejected by Elizabeth's mother, who... | In what year was the Queen's Wool Fund established? | {'text': 'May', 'answer_start': 587} |
23,199 | 22,857 | 56f8bb289e9bad19000a03d2 | generic | The city is home or birthplace to a number of contemporary musicians such as R'n'B singer Craig David, Coldplay drummer Will Champion, former Holloways singer Rob Skipper as well as 1980s popstar Howard Jones. Several rock bands were formed in Southampton, including Band of Skulls, The Delays, Bury Tomorrow, Heart in H... | What band that broke up in 2014 was formed in Southampton? | {'text': "Kids Can't Fly", 'answer_start': 364} |
101,004 | 100,662 | 572f781404bcaa1900d769b7 | generic | Also emerging during this period was New York's no wave movement, a short-lived art and music scene that began in part as a reaction against punk's recycling of traditionalist rock tropes and often reflected an abrasive, confrontational and nihilistic worldview. No wave musicians such as the Contortions, Teenage Jesus ... | What types of musicians were the Contortions, Teenage Jesus and the Jerks, Mars, DNA, Theoretical Girls and Rhys Chatham? | {'text': 'No wave', 'answer_start': 263} |
93,782 | 93,440 | 5a3ab54e3ff257001ab84213 | generic | The black-body problem was revisited in 1905, when Rayleigh and Jeans (on the one hand) and Einstein (on the other hand) independently proved that classical electromagnetism could never account for the observed spectrum. These proofs are commonly known as the "ultraviolet catastrophe", a name coined by Paul Ehrenfest i... | When was the last Solvay Conference held? | {'text': '1911', 'answer_start': 567} |
1,700 | 1,358 | 56cff256234ae51400d9c145 | generic | Improvisation stands at the centre of Chopin's creative processes. However, this does not imply impulsive rambling: Nicholas Temperley writes that "improvisation is designed for an audience, and its starting-point is that audience's expectations, which include the current conventions of musical form." The works for pia... | What is central to Chopin's process? | {'text': 'Improvisation', 'answer_start': 0} |
93,422 | 93,080 | 5a515bcace860b001aa3fd37 | generic | Municipalities (Gemeinden): Every rural district and every Amt is subdivided into municipalities, while every urban district is a municipality in its own right. There are (as of 6 March 2009[update]) 12,141 municipalities, which are the smallest administrative units in Germany. Cities and towns are municipalities as we... | What special rights does a city have nowadays along with the right to be called a city? | {'text': 'the right to impose local taxes or to allow industry only within city limits', 'answer_start': 516} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.