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84,995 | 84,653 | 572804792ca10214002d9b9f | generic | Immanuel Kant, in the Critique of Pure Reason, described time as an a priori intuition that allows us (together with the other a priori intuition, space) to comprehend sense experience. With Kant, neither space nor time are conceived as substances, but rather both are elements of a systematic mental framework that nece... | What did Kant portray space and time to be? | {'text': 'both are elements of a systematic mental framework', 'answer_start': 260} |
77,801 | 77,459 | 5a8254cf31013a001a33541c | generic | TCM regularly airs a "Star of the Month" throughout the year on Wednesdays starting at 8:00 p.m. Eastern Time, in which most, if not all, feature films from a classic film star are shown during that night's schedule. Hosted by Robert Osbourne, the network also marks the occurrence of a film actor's birthday (either ant... | In what year did Spike Lee appear as a Lehrer Guest Programmer? | {'text': '2012', 'answer_start': 855} |
10,775 | 10,433 | 5acf9f1977cf76001a6855a9 | generic | Among the philosophies that have influenced modern architects and their approach to building design are rationalism, empiricism, structuralism, poststructuralism, and phenomenology. | Aside from the architects what did the rationalism influence? | {'text': 'their approach', 'answer_start': 66} |
19,991 | 19,649 | 56e7921a37bdd419002c4171 | generic | The islands were occupied by a garrison of British Marines and a civilian population was gradually built up. Whalers also set up on the islands as a base for operations in the Southern Atlantic. However, the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869, together with the gradual move from sailing ships to coal-fired steam ships, ... | what is one reason that caused the island to become less used? | {'text': 'the opening of the Suez Canal', 'answer_start': 204} |
47,068 | 46,726 | 571a11c84faf5e1900b8a88b | generic | Seattle has been a regional center for the performing arts for many years. The century-old Seattle Symphony Orchestra is among the world's most recorded and performs primarily at Benaroya Hall. The Seattle Opera and Pacific Northwest Ballet, which perform at McCaw Hall (opened 2003 on the site of the former Seattle Ope... | In what venue does the Seattle symphony perform? | {'text': 'Benaroya Hall', 'answer_start': 179} |
62,433 | 62,091 | 5acebd3c32bba1001ae4b26c | generic | Notable exceptions include the massacre of Jews and forcible conversion of some Jews by the rulers of the Almohad dynasty in Al-Andalus in the 12th century, as well as in Islamic Persia, and the forced confinement of Moroccan Jews to walled quarters known as mellahs beginning from the 15th century and especially in the... | What was conflated with anti-Zionist publications in historical times? | {'text': 'antisemitic themes', 'answer_start': 397} |
15,523 | 15,181 | 56e063ea231d4119001ac081 | generic | The British Nationality Act 1981 reclassified Saint Helena and the other Crown colonies as British Dependent Territories. The islanders lost their right of abode in Britain. For the next 20 years, many could find only low-paid work with the island government, and the only available employment outside Saint Helena was o... | Where was the only work outside of Saint Helena located? | {'text': 'Falkland Islands and Ascension Island', 'answer_start': 326} |
30,908 | 30,566 | 5707121890286e26004fc8a5 | generic | In 1562 Francisco de Ibarra headed a personal expedition in search of the mythical cities of Cibola and Quivira; he traveled through the present-day state of Chihuahua. Francisco de Ibarra is thought to have been the first European to see the ruins of Paquime. In 1564 Rodrigo de Río de Loza, a lieutenant under Francisc... | Ibarra is thought to have been the first European to see the ruins of which city? | {'text': 'Paquime', 'answer_start': 252} |
14,270 | 13,928 | 56df778a5ca0a614008f9adc | generic | Many other inventions marked Bell's later life, including groundbreaking work in optical telecommunications, hydrofoils and aeronautics. Although Bell was not one of the 33 founders of the National Geographic Society, he had a strong influence on the magazine while serving as the second president from January 7, 1898 u... | Bell was the second president of what magazine? | {'text': 'National Geographic Society', 'answer_start': 189} |
45,095 | 44,753 | 5ad36951604f3c001a3fe0ed | generic | The board consists of nine directors. Michael Dell, the founder of the company, serves as chairman of the board and chief executive officer. Other board members include Don Carty, William Gray, Judy Lewent, Klaus Luft, Alex Mandl, Michael A. Miles, and Sam Nunn. Shareholders elect the nine board members at meetings, an... | Which IBM committee keeps the company from violating antitrust laws? | {'text': 'Antitrust Compliance Committee', 'answer_start': 1026} |
109,850 | 109,508 | 572f762404bcaa1900d769a4 | generic | The 1980s ushered in the age of desktop computing. The new computers empowered their users with spreadsheets like Lotus 1-2-3 and database software like dBASE. The dBASE product was lightweight and easy for any computer user to understand out of the box. C. Wayne Ratliff the creator of dBASE stated: "dBASE was differen... | Why was dBASE successful? | {'text': 'lightweight and easy for any computer user to understand out of the box', 'answer_start': 182} |
113,943 | 113,601 | 5acd1a1a07355d001abf34fe | generic | The oldest rocks in the group are in the north west of Scotland, Ireland and North Wales and are 2,700 million years old. During the Silurian period the north-western regions collided with the south-east, which had been part of a separate continental landmass. The topography of the islands is modest in scale by global ... | What is the largest lake in Europe? | {'text': 'Lough Neagh', 'answer_start': 400} |
91,502 | 91,160 | 572920491d0469140077907f | generic | Early human genetic cluster analysis studies were conducted with samples taken from ancestral population groups living at extreme geographic distances from each other. It was thought that such large geographic distances would maximize the genetic variation between the groups sampled in the analysis and thus maximize th... | What was thought might maximize the odds of finding unique cluster patterns in groups? | {'text': 'large geographic distances', 'answer_start': 193} |
80,578 | 80,236 | 5727b28f2ca10214002d9431 | generic | Unicode is a computing industry standard for the consistent encoding, representation, and handling of text expressed in most of the world's writing systems. Developed in conjunction with the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) standard and published as The Unicode Standard, the latest version of Unicode contains a repe... | Who maintains the Unicode Standard? | {'text': 'Unicode Consortium', 'answer_start': 974} |
46,976 | 46,634 | 5719dfda4faf5e1900b8a834 | generic | Seattle is located between the saltwater Puget Sound (an arm of the Pacific Ocean) to the west and Lake Washington to the east. The city's chief harbor, Elliott Bay, is part of Puget Sound, which makes the city an oceanic port. To the west, beyond Puget Sound, are the Kitsap Peninsula and Olympic Mountains on the Olymp... | What land area is west of Puget Sound? | {'text': 'Olympic Peninsula', 'answer_start': 315} |
100,772 | 100,430 | 572ca974dfb02c14005c6be3 | generic | Local law enforcement is divided between County Sheriff's Offices and Municipal Police Departments. Tennessee's Constitution requires that each County have an elected Sheriff. In 94 of the 95 counties the Sheriff is the chief law enforcement officer in the county and has jurisdiction over the county as a whole. Each Sh... | Each Tennessee county must elect which law enforcement official? | {'text': 'Sheriff', 'answer_start': 167} |
45,026 | 44,684 | 5ad36acb604f3c001a3fe134 | generic | In May 2008, Dell reached an agreement with office supply chain, Officeworks (part of Coles Group), to stock a few modified models in the Inspiron desktop and notebook range. These models have slightly different model numbers, but almost replicate the ones available from the Dell Store. Dell continued its retail push i... | What company did Dell team with in late 2009? | {'text': 'Dick Smith Electronics', 'answer_start': 746} |
82,190 | 81,848 | 5727e2483acd2414000deeee | generic | One important aspect of the rule-of-law initiatives is the study and analysis of the rule of law’s impact on economic development. The rule-of-law movement cannot be fully successful in transitional and developing countries without an answer to the question: does the rule of law matter for economic development or not? ... | What doctrine seeks to study rules and their relationship with the economy? | {'text': 'Constitutional economics', 'answer_start': 320} |
63,353 | 63,011 | 5726a4de708984140094ccca | generic | Alternatives to pesticides are available and include methods of cultivation, use of biological pest controls (such as pheromones and microbial pesticides), genetic engineering, and methods of interfering with insect breeding. Application of composted yard waste has also been used as a way of controlling pests. These me... | What agency has offered acceptance of safer pesticides? | {'text': 'EPA', 'answer_start': 431} |
31,555 | 31,213 | 570a07104103511400d5950e | generic | The Houston area is a leading center for building oilfield equipment. Much of its success as a petrochemical complex is due to its busy ship channel, the Port of Houston. In the United States, the port ranks first in international commerce and tenth among the largest ports in the world. Unlike most places, high oil and... | What lines begin or end in Houston? | {'text': 'pipelines', 'answer_start': 510} |
20,954 | 20,612 | 56e7a4c900c9c71400d77474 | generic | On November 12, the league announced the defending champion San Jose SaberCats would be ceasing operations due to "reasons unrelated to League operations". A statement from the league indicated that the AFL is working to secure new, long-term owners for the franchise. This leaves the AFL with eight teams for 2016. | When was it announced that the SaberCats would be shutting down? | {'text': 'November 12', 'answer_start': 3} |
93,688 | 93,346 | 57291ce0af94a219006aa08b | generic | First recognized in 1900 by Max Planck, it was originally the proportionality constant between the minimal increment of energy, E, of a hypothetical electrically charged oscillator in a cavity that contained black body radiation, and the frequency, f, of its associated electromagnetic wave. In 1905 the value E, the min... | What term describes a small amount of element? | {'text': 'quantum', 'answer_start': 421} |
110,061 | 109,719 | 572fff11947a6a140053cf20 | generic | Interstate 10, which runs southeast to northwest through town, connects Tucson to Phoenix to the northwest on the way to its western terminus in Santa Monica, California, and to Las Cruces, New Mexico and El Paso, Texas toward its eastern terminus in Jacksonville, Florida. I-19 runs south from Tucson toward Nogales and... | What border does I-19 come close to? | {'text': 'U.S.-Mexico border', 'answer_start': 325} |
128,018 | 127,676 | 573393184776f41900660daa | generic | The Rev. Theodore Hesburgh, C.S.C., (1917–2015) served as president for 35 years (1952–87) of dramatic transformations. In that time the annual operating budget rose by a factor of 18 from $9.7 million to $176.6 million, and the endowment by a factor of 40 from $9 million to $350 million, and research funding by a fact... | How many faculty members were at Notre Dame when Hesburgh left the role of president? | {'text': '950', 'answer_start': 439} |
13,869 | 13,527 | 56df6e4a5ca0a614008f9a19 | generic | But Amnesty International found no evidence that UNFPA had supported the coercion. A 2001 study conducted by the pro-life Population Research Institute (PRI) falsely claimed that the UNFPA shared an office with the Chinese family planning officials who were carrying out forced abortions. "We located the family planning... | In January 2006, who approved UNFPA's new country programme? | {'text': 'United Nations Members', 'answer_start': 608} |
82,534 | 82,192 | 5ad0126f77cf76001a6868c4 | generic | The most important crop in Tibet is barley, and dough made from barley flour—called tsampa—is the staple food of Tibet. This is either rolled into noodles or made into steamed dumplings called momos. Meat dishes are likely to be yak, goat, or mutton, often dried, or cooked into a spicy stew with potatoes. Mustard seed ... | Where is potato seed heavily cultivated? | {'text': 'in Tibet', 'answer_start': 334} |
94,319 | 93,977 | 57296106af94a219006aa35d | generic | The Muslims took control of the Island in 904, after decades of fierce fighting, and the Emirate of Sicily was established. Muslim rule on the island lasted for about 120 years and was marked by cruelty and brutality against the native population, which was reduced into near slavery[clarification needed] and Christian ... | How were the indigenous Palermo population treated under Muslim rule? | {'text': 'reduced into near slavery', 'answer_start': 258} |
93,330 | 92,988 | 57291f33af94a219006aa0ab | generic | After the Nazi Party seized power in January 1933, the Länder increasingly lost importance. They became administrative regions of a centralised country. Three changes are of particular note: on January 1, 1934, Mecklenburg-Schwerin was united with the neighbouring Mecklenburg-Strelitz; and, by the Greater Hamburg Act (... | Which Prussian province did Lübeck become a part of? | {'text': 'Schleswig-Holstein', 'answer_start': 482} |
42,351 | 42,009 | 570d7e8bb3d812140066d9fc | generic | The creation of a unified German Empire ended the balance of power that had been created with the Congress of Vienna after the end of the Napoleonic Wars. Germany had established itself as the main power in continental Europe with the most powerful and professional army in the world.[citation needed] Although Great Bri... | At the end of the Napoleonic wars, Germany had established itself as what, in continental Europe? | {'text': 'the main power', 'answer_start': 189} |
39,464 | 39,122 | 5ad15e62645df0001a2d18d8 | generic | In paintings, Mary is traditionally portrayed in blue. This tradition can trace its origin to the Byzantine Empire, from c.500 AD, where blue was "the colour of an empress". A more practical explanation for the use of this colour is that in Medieval and Renaissance Europe, the blue pigment was derived from the rock lap... | What color does Mary like to paint with? | {'text': 'blue', 'answer_start': 49} |
20,700 | 20,358 | 56e7b0b737bdd419002c4366 | generic | Jiangsu Province Kun Opera is one of the best theatres for Kunqu, China's oldest stage art. It is considered a conservative and traditional troupe. Nanjing also has professional opera troupes for the Yang, Yue (shaoxing), Xi and Jing (Chinese opera varieties) as well as Suzhou pingtan, spoken theatre and puppet theatre... | What is the name of China's oldest stage art? | {'text': 'Kunqu', 'answer_start': 59} |
101,484 | 101,142 | 572eb68dcb0c0d14000f14a5 | generic | Frederick II of Prussia had received reports of the clashes in North America and had formed an alliance with Great Britain. On 29 August 1756, he led Prussian troops across the border of Saxony, one of the small German states in league with Austria. He intended this as a bold pre-emption of an anticipated Austro-French... | What country was Saxony aligned with? | {'text': 'Saxony, one of the small German states in league with Austria', 'answer_start': 187} |
47,857 | 47,515 | 5ad2d3dbd7d075001a42a3b8 | generic | Many Latin American migrants have been mestizo, Amerindian, or other mixed race. Multiracial Latinos have limited media appearance; critics have accused the U.S. Hispanic media of overlooking the brown-skinned indigenous and multiracial Hispanic and black Hispanic populations by over-representation of blond and blue/gr... | What are many European American migrants? | {'text': 'mestizo', 'answer_start': 39} |
50,574 | 50,232 | 572656fbdd62a815002e8206 | generic | Freemasonry, as it exists in various forms all over the world, has a membership estimated by the United Grand Lodge of England at around six million worldwide. The fraternity is administratively organised into independent Grand Lodges (or sometimes Grand Orients), each of which governs its own Masonic jurisdiction, whi... | How many members are in the Grand Lodge of England? | {'text': 'around a quarter million', 'answer_start': 498} |
8,275 | 7,933 | 56dcecb79a695914005b948a | generic | Marien Ngouabi, who had participated in the coup, assumed the presidency on December 31, 1968. One year later, President Ngouabi proclaimed Congo Africa's first "people's republic", the People's Republic of the Congo, and announced the decision of the National Revolutionary Movement to change its name to the Congolese ... | On what date was Ngouabi assassinated? | {'text': 'March 16, 1977', 'answer_start': 407} |
74,601 | 74,259 | 57279ec2ff5b5019007d9135 | generic | Alsace-Lorraine was occupied by Germany in 1940 during the Second World War. Although Germany never formally annexed Alsace-Lorraine, it was incorporated into the Greater German Reich, which had been restructured into Reichsgaue. Alsace was merged with Baden, and Lorraine with the Saarland, to become part of a planned ... | Approximately how many Alsace and Lorraine men were forced into the German army during World War II? | {'text': '130,000', 'answer_start': 346} |
43,798 | 43,456 | 570e44ec0b85d914000d7dc8 | generic | Two major types of atomic bombs were developed by the United States during World War II: a uranium-based device (codenamed "Little Boy") whose fissile material was highly enriched uranium, and a plutonium-based device (see Trinity test and "Fat Man") whose plutonium was derived from uranium-238. The uranium-based Littl... | What was the codename of the plutonium-based bomb created in the Second World War? | {'text': 'Fat Man', 'answer_start': 241} |
2,179 | 1,837 | 56cc6e346d243a140015efa9 | generic | The third generation began including a 30-pin dock connector, allowing for FireWire or USB connectivity. This provided better compatibility with non-Apple machines, as most of them did not have FireWire ports at the time. Eventually Apple began shipping iPods with USB cables instead of FireWire, although the latter was... | What iPod feature allowed for USB connections with the device? | {'text': '30-pin dock connector', 'answer_start': 39} |
70,093 | 69,751 | 5726cac25951b619008f7e46 | generic | Occasionally a bisyllabic word is written with two characters that contain the same radical, as in 蝴蝶 húdié "butterfly", where both characters have the insect radical 虫. A notable example is pipa (a Chinese lute, also a fruit, the loquat, of similar shape) – originally written as 批把 with the hand radical, referring to ... | What is also a fruit? | {'text': 'pipa', 'answer_start': 191} |
61,844 | 61,502 | 572690725951b619008f76bb | generic | The Bronze Age arrived circa 1500 BC when people in the region were turning copper into bronze, growing rice and domesticating poultry and pigs; they were among the first people in the world to do so. Human remains and artifacts from this era were discovered in Monywa District in the Sagaing Division. The Iron Age bega... | What event evolving animals are the Myanmar also accredited with being the first to accomplish? | {'text': 'domesticating poultry and pigs', 'answer_start': 113} |
7,812 | 7,470 | 5a592d173e1742001a15cfe3 | generic | When people say that the genome of a sexually reproducing species has been "sequenced", typically they are referring to a determination of the sequences of one set of autosomes and one of each type of sex chromosome, which together represent both of the possible sexes. Even in species that exist in only one sex, what i... | What is known as the study of the properties of single or groups of sex chromosomes? | {'text': 'genetics', 'answer_start': 694} |
45,607 | 45,265 | 57100f64a58dae1900cd6842 | generic | As noted in the introduction to this article, the American public has maintained its position of support for capital punishment for murder. However, when given a choice between the death penalty and life imprisonment without parole, support has traditionally been significantly lower than polling which has only mentione... | In a 1977 poll, what percentage of respondents preferred life imprisonment to the death penalty? | {'text': '29', 'answer_start': 873} |
104,601 | 104,259 | 5730235ba23a5019007fce23 | generic | As Charles Town grew, so did the community's cultural and social opportunities, especially for the elite merchants and planters. The first theatre building in America was built in 1736 on the site of today's Dock Street Theatre. Benevolent societies were formed by different ethnic groups, from French Huguenots to free ... | What is the oldest college in South Carolina? | {'text': 'College of Charles Towne', 'answer_start': 581} |
63,814 | 63,472 | 5ad3d182604f3c001a3ff20b | generic | Yale is organized into fourteen constituent schools: the original undergraduate college, the Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, and twelve professional schools. While the university is governed by the Yale Corporation, each school's faculty oversees its curriculum and degree programs. In addition to a central c... | Where is the side Yale campus? | {'text': 'downtown New Haven', 'answer_start': 329} |
42,998 | 42,656 | 5ad2d663d7d075001a42a41b | generic | Meteorites from Antarctica are an important area of study of material formed early in the solar system; most are thought to come from asteroids, but some may have originated on larger planets. The first meteorite was found in 1912, and named the Adelie Land meteorite. In 1969, a Japanese expedition discovered nine mete... | How many meteorites did the 1996 Japanese expedition find? | {'text': 'nine', 'answer_start': 311} |
89,390 | 89,048 | 5ad154b9645df0001a2d17bf | generic | Harriet Harman became the Leader of the Opposition and acting Leader of the Labour Party following the resignation of Gordon Brown on 11 May 2010, pending a leadership election subsequently won by Ed Miliband. Miliband emphasised "responsible capitalism" and greater state intervention to change the balance of the UK ec... | What did Miliband want to change the balance of the UK economy towards? | {'text': 'financial services', 'answer_start': 336} |
80,070 | 79,728 | 5727c3aa4b864d1900163cb9 | generic | When a USB device is first connected to a USB host, the USB device enumeration process is started. The enumeration starts by sending a reset signal to the USB device. The data rate of the USB device is determined during the reset signaling. After reset, the USB device's information is read by the host and the device is... | What does the enumeration process start by doing? | {'text': 'sending a reset signal to the USB device', 'answer_start': 125} |
99,003 | 98,661 | 5a46b6585fd40d001a27dc88 | generic | The Gurjar Pratihar Empire acted as a barrier for Arab invaders from the 8th to the 11th century. The chief accomplishment of the Gurjara Pratihara empire lies in its successful resistance to foreign invasions from the west, starting in the days of Junaid. Historian R. C. Majumdar says that this was openly acknowledged... | What did Sindh note that Indian historians wondered about? | {'text': 'the slow progress of Muslim invaders in India', 'answer_start': 401} |
66,668 | 66,326 | 5726b836dd62a815002e8e0f | generic | The historian Piers Brendon asserts that Burke laid the moral foundations for the British Empire, epitomised in the trial of Warren Hastings, that was ultimately to be its undoing: when Burke stated that "The British Empire must be governed on a plan of freedom, for it will be governed by no other", this was "...an ide... | What did Burke think the British Empire should be governed based on? | {'text': 'a plan of freedom', 'answer_start': 244} |
108,946 | 108,604 | 5a2d5fa3f28ef0001a526504 | generic | Santa Monica has a bike action plan and recently launched a Bicycle sharing system in November 2015. The city is traversed by the Marvin Braude Bike Trail. Santa Monica has received the Bicycle Friendly Community Award (Bronze in 2009, Silver in 2013) by the League of American Bicyclists. Local bicycle advocacy organiz... | In what month in 2009 did Santa Monica receive the Bronze Bicycle Friendly Community Award? | {'text': 'November', 'answer_start': 86} |
76,057 | 75,715 | 5727b6e5ff5b5019007d9338 | generic | Chapter VI begins by saying the next three chapters will address possible objections to the theory, the first being that often no intermediate forms between closely related species are found, though the theory implies such forms must have existed. As Darwin noted, "Firstly, why, if species have descended from other spe... | What is one possible objection to the theory of integrated variation? | {'text': 'often no intermediate forms between closely related species are found', 'answer_start': 121} |
59,979 | 59,637 | 57267810dd62a815002e861c | generic | Like most other regions of central and southern Germany, Thuringia has a significant industrial sector reaching back to the mid-19th-century industrialisation. The economic transition after the German reunification in 1990 led to the closure of most large-scale factories and companies, leaving small and medium-sized on... | When did traditional industries like glass and toy making collapse? | {'text': 'between 1930 and 1990', 'answer_start': 1057} |
22,626 | 22,284 | 56f728733d8e2e1400e373ae | generic | In the 7th century, the Frankish merchant Samo, who supported the Slavs fighting their Avar rulers, became the ruler of the first known Slav state in Central Europe, which, however, most probably did not outlive its founder and ruler. This provided the foundation for subsequent Slavic states to arise on the former terr... | What is the oldest Slav state in Central Europe? | {'text': 'Carantania', 'answer_start': 345} |
126,249 | 125,907 | 573427dc4776f419006619af | generic | Portuguese cinema has a long tradition, reaching back to the birth of the medium in the late 19th century. Portuguese film directors such as Arthur Duarte, António Lopes Ribeiro, António Reis, Pedro Costa, Manoel de Oliveira, João César Monteiro, António-Pedro Vasconcelos, Fernando Lopes, João Botelho and Leonel Vieira... | In which period was cinema born? | {'text': 'late 19th century', 'answer_start': 88} |
46,002 | 45,660 | 57109ebeb654c5140001f9db | generic | The most influential publication of the Enlightenment was the Encyclopédie, compiled by Denis Diderot and (until 1759) by Jean le Rond d'Alembert and a team of 150 scientists and philosophers. It was published between 1751 and 1772 in thirty-five volumes, and spread the ideas of the Enlightenment across Europe and beyo... | What year did the French Revolution begin? | {'text': '1789', 'answer_start': 697} |
2,871 | 2,529 | 5ad224b1d7d075001a42852b | generic | The two travel to the hotel and discover White's secret room where they find co-ordinates pointing to Oberhauser's operations base in the desert. They travel by train to the nearest station, but are once again confronted by Hinx; they engage in a fight throughout the train in which Mr Hinx is eventually thrown off the ... | Swann is tortured as who discusses their shared history? | {'text': 'Oberhauser', 'answer_start': 677} |
56,575 | 56,233 | 57267360f1498d1400e8e001 | generic | The noise-based speed is defined as the exposure that will lead to a given signal-to-noise ratio on individual pixels. Two ratios are used, the 40:1 ("excellent image quality") and the 10:1 ("acceptable image quality") ratio. These ratios have been subjectively determined based on a resolution of 70 pixels per cm (178 ... | What is a definition of signal-to-noise ratio? | {'text': 'the standard deviation of a weighted average of the luminance and color of individual pixels', 'answer_start': 407} |
78,532 | 78,190 | 5727ae364b864d1900163a1e | generic | Contemporary a cappella includes many vocal groups and bands who add vocal percussion or beatboxing to create a pop/rock/gospel sound, in some cases very similar to bands with instruments. Examples of such professional groups include Straight No Chaser, Pentatonix, The House Jacks, Rockapella, Mosaic, and M-pact. There... | In place of instruments, what do some modern a cappella groups implement? | {'text': 'vocal percussion', 'answer_start': 69} |
63,043 | 62,701 | 5726893c5951b619008f7628 | generic | The Sun, during the Miners' strike of 1984–85, supported the police and the Thatcher government against the striking NUM miners, and in particular the union's president, Arthur Scargill. On 23 May 1984, The Sun prepared a front page with the headline "Mine Führer" and a photograph of Scargill with his arm in the air, a... | How did The Sun feel about the American bombing of Libya in 1986? | {'text': 'strongly supported the April 1986 bombing', 'answer_start': 443} |
84,700 | 84,358 | 572803c6ff5b5019007d9af6 | generic | John XXIII was an advocate for human rights which included the unborn and the elderly. He wrote about human rights in his Pacem in terris. He wrote, "Man has the right to live. He has the right to bodily integrity and to the means necessary for the proper development of life, particularly food, clothing, shelter, medic... | His advocacy from human rights included whom? | {'text': 'the unborn and the elderly', 'answer_start': 59} |
26,536 | 26,194 | 5acfc47b77cf76001a685de9 | generic | In mid-2015 the government of Zhejiang recognised folk religion as "civil religion" beginning the registration of more than twenty thousand folk religious associations. Buddhism has an important presence since its arrival in Zhejiang 1,800 years ago. | What part of 2013 did the government of Zhejiang recognise folk religion as 'civil religion'? | {'text': 'mid', 'answer_start': 3} |
34,540 | 34,198 | 5a1082ca06e79900185c33d7 | generic | Various industrial businesses are located in Hannover. The Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles Transporter (VWN) factory at Hannover-Stöcken is the biggest employer in the region and operates a huge plant at the northern edge of town adjoining the Mittellandkanal and Motorway A2. Jointly with a factory of German tire and au... | What is the only industrial business located in Hanover? | {'text': 'The Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles Transporter', 'answer_start': 55} |
64,503 | 64,161 | 5727606bdd62a815002e9bcf | generic | Certain technological inventions of the period – whether of Arab or Chinese origin, or unique European innovations – were to have great influence on political and social developments, in particular gunpowder, the printing press and the compass. The introduction of gunpowder to the field of battle affected not only mili... | What religious movement was spurred by the invention of the printing press? | {'text': 'the Reformation', 'answer_start': 439} |
43,361 | 43,019 | 5ad0d041645df0001a2d04ad | generic | Even during the war, Eritrea developed its transportation infrastructure by asphalting new roads, improving its ports, and repairing war-damaged roads and bridges as a part of the Warsay Yika'alo Program. The most significant of these projects was the construction of a coastal highway of more than 500 km connecting Mas... | What is the distance between Asseb and Asmara? | {'text': '500 km', 'answer_start': 299} |
64,789 | 64,447 | 57277f065951b619008f8b57 | generic | Several annual events—many of them centered on performing and visual arts—draw visitors to Ann Arbor. One such event is the Ann Arbor Art Fairs, a set of four concurrent juried fairs held on downtown streets. Scheduled on Wednesday through Saturday of the third week of July, the fairs draw upward of half a million visi... | What type of Art fairs are held at Ann Arbor? | {'text': 'juried fairs', 'answer_start': 170} |
87,440 | 87,098 | 5728d1664b864d1900164eb4 | generic | For those with severe persistent asthma not controlled by inhaled corticosteroids and LABAs, bronchial thermoplasty may be an option. It involves the delivery of controlled thermal energy to the airway wall during a series of bronchoscopies. While it may increase exacerbation frequency in the first few months it appear... | What type of person would use bronchial thermoplasty as an option? | {'text': 'For those with severe persistent asthma not controlled by inhaled corticosteroids and LABAs', 'answer_start': 0} |
91,328 | 90,986 | 57299ff56aef051400155049 | generic | Although pest insects attract the most attention, many insects are beneficial to the environment and to humans. Some insects, like wasps, bees, butterflies and ants, pollinate flowering plants. Pollination is a mutualistic relationship between plants and insects. As insects gather nectar from different plants of the sa... | What do insects gather from plants? | {'text': 'nectar', 'answer_start': 282} |
34,681 | 34,339 | 570a628a4103511400d596a9 | generic | The idea that core affect is but one component of the emotion led to a theory called “psychological construction.” According to this theory, an emotional episode consists of a set of components, each of which is an ongoing process and none of which is necessary or sufficient for the emotion to be instantiated. The set ... | At what point does psychological construction theory believe the components of an emotion are put together? | {'text': 'at the moment of its occurrence', 'answer_start': 459} |
112,516 | 112,174 | 573059f08ab72b1400f9c490 | generic | Music was a major part of everyday life.[citation needed] The word itself derives from Greek μουσική (mousike), "(art) of the Muses". Many private and public events were accompanied by music, ranging from nightly dining to military parades and manoeuvres. In a discussion of any ancient music, however, non-specialists a... | What was considered to be dominant part of normal life? | {'text': 'Music', 'answer_start': 0} |
126,052 | 125,710 | 5733f37ed058e614000b664f | generic | The armed forces have three branches: Navy, Army and Air Force. They serve primarily as a self-defense force whose mission is to protect the territorial integrity of the country and provide humanitarian assistance and security at home and abroad. As of 2008, the three branches numbered 39,200 active personnel including... | How many branches make up the Portuguese armed forces? | {'text': 'three', 'answer_start': 22} |
9,256 | 8,914 | 56ddef259a695914005b96e5 | generic | During the Republic, any person who wished to hold public office had to conform to the Reformed Church and take an oath to this effect. The extent to which different religions or denominations were persecuted depended much on the time period and regional or city leaders. In the beginning, this was especially focused on... | What was one reason for the large amounts of immigration of religious refugees from other parts of Europe? | {'text': 'personal freedom of religion', 'answer_start': 568} |
118,474 | 118,132 | 5acfd58e77cf76001a686265 | generic | Providing 25% of Namibia's revenue, mining is the single most important contributor to the economy. Namibia is the fourth largest exporter of non-fuel minerals in Africa and the world's fourth largest producer of uranium. There has been significant investment in uranium mining and Namibia is set to become the largest e... | Who is the world's biggest exporter of uranium? | {'text': 'Namibia', 'answer_start': 17} |
12,602 | 12,260 | 56de99cfcffd8e1900b4ba27 | generic | Materialism developed, possibly independently, in several geographically separated regions of Eurasia during what Karl Jaspers termed the Axial Age (approximately 800 to 200 BC). | In what part of the world did materialism develop during the Axial Age? | {'text': 'Eurasia', 'answer_start': 94} |
29,961 | 29,619 | 5706d85a2eaba6190074ad36 | generic | Executives at Trump Entertainment Resorts, whose sole remaining property will be the Trump Taj Mahal, said in 2013 that they were considering the option of selling the Taj and winding down and exiting the gaming and hotel business. | What is the sole remaining property owned by Trump Entertainment Group? | {'text': 'Trump Taj Mahal', 'answer_start': 85} |
98,134 | 97,792 | 572a73f17a1753140016af94 | generic | Miami is partitioned into many different sections, roughly into North, South, West and Downtown. The heart of the city is Downtown Miami and is technically on the eastern side of the city. This area includes Brickell, Virginia Key, Watson Island, and PortMiami. Downtown is South Florida's central business district, and... | Where is South Beach in relation to Downtown? | {'text': 'East', 'answer_start': 644} |
125,935 | 125,593 | 5733496fd058e614000b582f | generic | In 1348 and 1349 Portugal, like the rest of Europe, was devastated by the Black Death. In 1373, Portugal made an alliance with England, which is the longest-standing alliance in the world. This alliance served both nations' interests throughout history and is regarded by many as the predecessor to NATO. Over time this ... | The Portugal-English alliance served as the predecessor to what? | {'text': 'NATO', 'answer_start': 299} |
30,099 | 29,757 | 57061e0f52bb8914006898c3 | generic | The psychoacoustic masking codec was first proposed in 1979, apparently independently, by Manfred R. Schroeder, et al. from Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. in Murray Hill, NJ, and M. A. Krasner both in the United States. Krasner was the first to publish and to produce hardware for speech (not usable as music bit comp... | What does LPC stand for? | {'text': 'linear predictive coding', 'answer_start': 755} |
112,492 | 112,150 | 5730519a8ab72b1400f9c450 | generic | The staple foods were generally consumed around 11 o'clock, and consisted of bread, lettuce, cheese, fruits, nuts, and cold meat left over from the dinner the night before.[citation needed] The Roman poet Horace mentions another Roman favorite, the olive, in reference to his own diet, which he describes as very simple:... | When were the staple foods in the Roman republic typically eaten at? | {'text': "11 o'clock", 'answer_start': 48} |
24,729 | 24,387 | 56f82171a6d7ea1400e173e8 | generic | A mummified man, determined to be 5,000 years old, was discovered on a glacier at the Austrian–Italian border in 1991. By the 6th century BC, the Celtic La Tène culture was well established. Hannibal famously crossed the Alps with a herd of elephants, and the Romans had settlements in the region. In 1800 Napoleon cross... | What culture was well established by the 6th Century BC? | {'text': 'the Celtic La Tène culture', 'answer_start': 142} |
15,417 | 15,075 | 5acf940d77cf76001a685327 | generic | Cartooning is most frequently used in making comics, traditionally using ink (especially India ink) with dip pens or ink brushes; mixed media and digital technology have become common. Cartooning techniques such as motion lines and abstract symbols are often employed. | Mixed media and what else are becoming unpopular for making comics? | {'text': 'digital technology', 'answer_start': 146} |
63,232 | 62,890 | 57268286dd62a815002e87b7 | generic | In general, a pesticide is a chemical or biological agent (such as a virus, bacterium, antimicrobial, or disinfectant) that deters, incapacitates, kills, or otherwise discourages pests. Target pests can include insects, plant pathogens, weeds, mollusks, birds, mammals, fish, nematodes (roundworms), and microbes that de... | Are pesticides chemical or biological agents? | {'text': 'a pesticide is a chemical or biological agent', 'answer_start': 12} |
51,313 | 50,971 | 5725fa9c38643c19005acf36 | generic | As a result of the confusion in Greece at the end of the Second Macedonian War, the Seleucid Empire also became entangled with the Romans. The Seleucid Antiochus III had allied with Philip V of Macedon in 203 BC, agreeing that they should jointly conquer the lands of the boy-king of Egypt, Ptolemy V. After defeating Pt... | Who defeated Ptolemy? | {'text': 'Antiochus', 'answer_start': 351} |
52,160 | 51,818 | 5a8612f3b4e223001a8e7454 | generic | Dark meat, which avian myologists refer to as "red muscle", is used for sustained activity—chiefly walking, in the case of a chicken. The dark colour comes from the protein myoglobin, which plays a key role in oxygen uptake and storage within cells. White muscle, in contrast, is suitable only for short bursts of activi... | What kind of meat is considered dangerous to eat? | {'text': 'dark meat', 'answer_start': 602} |
63,811 | 63,469 | 5ad3d182604f3c001a3ff208 | generic | Yale is organized into fourteen constituent schools: the original undergraduate college, the Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, and twelve professional schools. While the university is governed by the Yale Corporation, each school's faculty oversees its curriculum and degree programs. In addition to a central c... | How much isn't Yale's endowment worth? | {'text': '$25.6 billion', 'answer_start': 584} |
66,641 | 66,299 | 5726b60ef1498d1400e8e876 | generic | Burke believed that property was essential to human life. Because of his conviction that people desire to be ruled and controlled, the division of property formed the basis for social structure, helping develop control within a property-based hierarchy. He viewed the social changes brought on by property as the natural... | What did Hitchens think Burke supported preserving? | {'text': 'the ancestral and the immemorial', 'answer_start': 1066} |
125,811 | 125,469 | 573378a84776f41900660b5b | generic | Some developing countries that had seen strong economic growth saw significant slowdowns. For example, growth forecasts in Cambodia show a fall from more than 10% in 2007 to close to zero in 2009, and Kenya may achieve only 3–4% growth in 2009, down from 7% in 2007. According to the research by the Overseas Development... | According to Overseas Development Institute, what is one reason for the reduction in growth in developing countries? | {'text': 'falls in trade', 'answer_start': 374} |
82,612 | 82,270 | 5727bf6aff5b5019007d942b | generic | The Flying Fathers, a Canadian group of Catholic priests, regularly toured North America playing exhibition hockey games for charity. One of the organization's founders, Les Costello, was a onetime NHL player who was ordained as a priest after retiring from professional hockey. Another prominent exhibition hockey team ... | What league were most members of the Buffalo Sabres Alumni Hockey Team from? | {'text': 'NHL', 'answer_start': 407} |
75,731 | 75,389 | 5a3bba523ff257001ab84477 | generic | Nominally, sovereignty lay in the emperor but in fact power was wielded by the Fujiwara nobility. However, to protect their interests in the provinces, the Fujiwara and other noble families required guards, police and soldiers. The warrior class made steady political gains throughout the Heian period. As early as 939 A... | What did Fujiwara no Sumitoma lead in the east? | {'text': 'an uprising', 'answer_start': 402} |
4,956 | 4,614 | 56ce7376aab44d1400b887a7 | generic | Greenhouses convert solar light to heat, enabling year-round production and the growth (in enclosed environments) of specialty crops and other plants not naturally suited to the local climate. Primitive greenhouses were first used during Roman times to produce cucumbers year-round for the Roman emperor Tiberius. The fi... | When were the first greenhouses used? | {'text': 'Roman times', 'answer_start': 238} |
106,611 | 106,269 | 572edcb1c246551400ce4752 | generic | According to Shia beliefs, those who are firmly rooted in knowledge like Muhammad and the imams know the secrets of the Quran. According to Tabatabaei, the statement "none knows its interpretation except God" remains valid, without any opposing or qualifying clause. Therefore, so far as this verse is concerned, the kno... | Who do Shia Muslims believe can approach Quranic truths besides God and Muhammad? | {'text': 'imams', 'answer_start': 90} |
45,740 | 45,398 | 571022aba58dae1900cd68e6 | generic | In May 2014, Oklahoma Director of Corrections, Robert Patton, recommended an indefinite hold on executions in the state after the botched execution of African-American Clayton Lockett. The prisoner had to be tasered to restrain him prior to the execution, and the lethal injection missed a vein in his groin, resulting i... | What gas did Oklahoma decide to use for executions in 2015? | {'text': 'nitrogen', 'answer_start': 515} |
53,521 | 53,179 | 5acd1b6207355d001abf3559 | generic | Arsenal have appeared in a number of media "firsts". On 22 January 1927, their match at Highbury against Sheffield United was the first English League match to be broadcast live on radio. A decade later, on 16 September 1937, an exhibition match between Arsenal's first team and the reserves was the first football match... | Who won the match between Arsenal and Sheffield United on 22 January 1927? | {'text': 'Sheffield United', 'answer_start': 105} |
19,149 | 18,807 | 56e6f3976fe0821900b8ec55 | generic | A more elaborate form of urban AC is the rhythmic oldies format, which focuses primarily on "old school" R&B and soul hits from the 1960s to the 1990s, including Motown and disco hits. The format includes soul or disco artists such as ABBA, The Village People, The Jackson 5, Donna Summer, Tina Charles, Gloria Gaynor an... | What is the earliest decade of music typically featured on the rhythmic oldies format? | {'text': '1960s', 'answer_start': 132} |
20,313 | 19,971 | 56e7943837bdd419002c4197 | generic | KU's Edwards Campus is in Overland Park, Kansas. Established in 1993, its goal is to provide adults with the opportunity to complete college degrees. About 2,100 students attend the Edwards Campus, with an average age of 32. Programs available at the Edwards Campus include developmental psychology, public administratio... | What can adult learners obtain through studying at the Edwards Campus of the University of Kansas? | {'text': 'college degrees', 'answer_start': 133} |
20,058 | 19,716 | 56e7ca0937bdd419002c4402 | generic | On November 2011, the sailing boat Puma's Mar Mostro participant in Volvo Ocean Race arrived to the island after her mast broke in the first leg from Alicante and Cape Town. This event made the island, its inhabitants and lifestyle known worldwide thanks to the media reports. | What was the name of the race the boat was damaged in? | {'text': 'Volvo Ocean Race', 'answer_start': 68} |
3,696 | 3,354 | 56d62ff91c85041400946fbb | generic | Many websites converted their home page to black and white; Sina.com and Sohu, major internet portals, limited their homepages to news items and removed all advertisements. Chinese video sharing websites Youku and Tudou displayed a black background and placed multiple videos showing earthquake footage and news reports.... | What did internet portals remove from their home pages? | {'text': 'all advertisements', 'answer_start': 153} |
106,082 | 105,740 | 572f7b06b2c2fd1400568175 | generic | Families throughout Han China made ritual sacrifices of animals and food to deities, spirits, and ancestors at temples and shrines, in the belief that these items could be utilized by those in the spiritual realm. It was thought that each person had a two-part soul: the spirit-soul (hun 魂) which journeyed to the afterl... | What was the afterlife of the immortals called during this period? | {'text': 'xian', 'answer_start': 347} |
108,125 | 107,783 | 573001d0b2c2fd1400568724 | generic | Antenna tuning generally refers to cancellation of any reactance seen at the antenna terminals, leaving only a resistive impedance which might or might not be exactly the desired impedance (that of the transmission line). Although an antenna may be designed to have a purely resistive feedpoint impedance (such as a dipo... | What is an antenna designed to have? | {'text': 'purely resistive feedpoint', 'answer_start': 268} |
98,932 | 98,590 | 572ac9cbbe1ee31400cb8255 | generic | The Forbes 400 survey estimated in 2004 that Teresa Heinz Kerry had a net worth of $750 million. However, estimates have frequently varied, ranging from around $165 million to as high as $3.2 billion, according to a study in the Los Angeles Times. Regardless of which figure is correct, Kerry was the wealthiest U.S. Sen... | What was Teresa Heinz Kerry's net worth in 2004 according to Forbes? | {'text': '$750 million', 'answer_start': 83} |
100,755 | 100,413 | 572ca113dfb02c14005c6bb5 | generic | In the early 21st century, Republican voters control most of the state, especially in the more rural and suburban areas outside of the cities; Democratic strength is mostly confined to the urban cores of the four major cities, and is particularly strong in the cities of Nashville and Memphis. The latter area includes a... | Which two Tennessee cities are most supportive of the Democratic Party? | {'text': 'Nashville and Memphis', 'answer_start': 271} |
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