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In Arabic-speaking cultures, two words are commonly used for Christians: Naṣrānī (نصراني), plural Naṣārā (نصارى) is generally understood to be derived from Nazareth through the Syriac (Aramaic); Masīḥī (مسيحي) means followers of the Messiah. The term Nasara rose to prominence in July 2014, after the Fall of Mosul to th...
In which month of 105 did the term Nasara rise to prominence?
{'text': 'July', 'answer_start': 280}
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In Japan, 14 August is considered to be the day that the Pacific War ended. However, as Imperial Japan actually surrendered on 15 August, this day became known in the English-speaking countries as "V-J Day" (Victory in Japan). The formal Japanese Instrument of Surrender was signed on 2 September 1945, on the battleship...
On what battleship was the surrender document signed by the Japanese delagation?
{'text': 'USS Missouri', 'answer_start': 321}
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Others argue that reason was generally held in high regard during the Middle Ages. Science historian Edward Grant writes, "If revolutionary rational thoughts were expressed [in the 18th century], they were only made possible because of the long medieval tradition that established the use of reason as one of the most im...
According to Grant, the medieval use of reason was the forerunner the revolutionary rationalism of what century?
{'text': '18th', 'answer_start': 181}
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The amount of signal received from a distant transmission source is essentially geometric in nature due to the inverse square law, and this leads to the concept of effective area. This measures the performance of an antenna by comparing the amount of power it generates to the amount of power in the original signal, mea...
What type of project would call for more than one element used together?
{'text': 'higher performance', 'answer_start': 716}
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Interstate 10, which runs southeast to northwest through town, connects Tucson to Phoenix to the northwest on the way to its western terminus in Santa Monica, California, and to Las Cruces, New Mexico and El Paso, Texas toward its eastern terminus in Jacksonville, Florida. I-19 runs south from Tucson toward Nogales and...
Which interstate is the only one that uses kilometer posts instead of mileposts?
{'text': 'I-19', 'answer_start': 345}
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The international borders of the RSFSR touched Poland on the west; Norway and Finland on the northwest; and to its southeast were the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Mongolian People's Republic, and the People's Republic of China. Within the Soviet Union, the RSFSR bordered the Ukrainian, Belarusian, Estonian, L...
Which countries did the RSFSR incorporate on the southeast?
{'text': "Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Mongolian People's Republic, and the People's Republic of China", 'answer_start': 134}
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As an initial response, Truman called for a naval blockade of North Korea, and was shocked to learn that such a blockade could be imposed only 'on paper', since the U.S. Navy no longer had the warships with which to carry out his request. In fact, because of the extensive defense cuts and the emphasis placed on buildin...
Who was tasked with reorganization and deploying of the US military?
{'text': 'General Omar Bradley', 'answer_start': 449}
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An antenna lead-in is the transmission line (or feed line) which connects the antenna to a transmitter or receiver. The antenna feed may refer to all components connecting the antenna to the transmitter or receiver, such as an impedance matching network in addition to the transmission line. In a so-called aperture ante...
What is mainly responsible for the connection of the antenna to its end destinations?
{'text': 'antenna lead-in', 'answer_start': 3}
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The first streetcars appeared in 1889 and were instrumental in the creation of a relatively well-defined downtown and strong neighborhoods at the end of their lines. The advent of the automobile sounded the death knell for rail in Seattle. Tacoma–Seattle railway service ended in 1929 and the Everett–Seattle service cam...
What machine caused the end of city rail lines in Seattle?
{'text': 'automobile', 'answer_start': 184}
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A ballot initiative in Colorado, known as Amendment 36, would have changed the way in which the state apportions its electoral votes. Rather than assigning all 9 of the state's electors to the candidate with a plurality of popular votes, under the amendment Colorado would have assigned presidential electors proportiona...
Which two states designated their assigned votes based on their districts?
{'text': 'Nebraska and Maine assign electoral votes based on vote totals within each congressional district)', 'answer_start': 385}
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At the beginning of the 13th century, there were reasonably accurate Latin translations of the main works of almost all the intellectually crucial ancient authors, allowing a sound transfer of scientific ideas via both the universities and the monasteries. By then, the natural philosophy contained in these texts began ...
What language did the important scientific works get translated into for universities and monasteries?
{'text': 'Latin', 'answer_start': 69}
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There are a number of proposals to redefine certain of the SI base units in terms of fundamental physical constants. This has already been done for the metre, which is defined in terms of a fixed value of the speed of light. The most urgent unit on the list for redefinition is the kilogram, whose value has been fixed f...
What is the shape of the object that establishes the base unit of the kilogram?
{'text': 'cylinder', 'answer_start': 371}
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As some szlachta were poorer than some non-noble gentry, some particularly impoverished szlachta were forced to become tenants of the wealthier gentry. In doing so, however, these szlachta retained all their constitutional prerogatives, as it was not wealth or lifestyle (obtainable by the gentry), but hereditary juridi...
Did the tenants of the wealthier genrty lose their nobility?
{'text': 'no', 'answer_start': 348}
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As the premiers did not come to an agreement on this question, the Parliamentary Council was supposed to address this issue. Its provisions are reflected in Article 29. There was a binding provision for a new delimitation of the federal territory: the Federal Territory must be revised ... (paragraph 1). Moreover, in te...
Who could introduce a bill even if the affected territories did not vote for a change?
{'text': 'the Federal Republic', 'answer_start': 1085}
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New Zealand polytechnics are established under the Education Act 1989 as amended, and are considered state-owned tertiary institutions along with universities, colleges of education, and wānanga; there is today often much crossover in courses and qualifications offered between all these types of Tertiary Education Inst...
What country considers their polytechnics, universities, and colleges state-owned institutions?
{'text': 'New Zealand', 'answer_start': 0}
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Municipalities (Gemeinden): Every rural district and every Amt is subdivided into municipalities, while every urban district is a municipality in its own right. There are (as of 6 March 2009[update]) 12,141 municipalities, which are the smallest administrative units in Germany. Cities and towns are municipalities as we...
What are only rural districts divided into?
{'text': 'municipalities', 'answer_start': 82}
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Beyoncé's second solo album B'Day was released on September 5, 2006, in the US, to coincide with her twenty-fifth birthday. It sold 541,000 copies in its first week and debuted atop the Billboard 200, becoming Beyoncé's second consecutive number-one album in the United States. The album's lead single "Déjà Vu", featuri...
The lead single from the album was which song?
{'text': 'Déjà Vu', 'answer_start': 303}
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By 1979, with the establishment of the Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies (FARMS) as a California non-profit research institution, an effort led by Robert F. Smith began to take full account of Larson’s work and to publish a Critical Text of the Book of Mormon. Thus was born the FARMS Critical Text Proj...
How many years did it take to publish all three volumes of the Book of Mormon Critical Text?
{'text': 'the first volume of the 3-volume Book of Mormon Critical Text in 1984. The third volume of that first edition was published in 1987', 'answer_start': 340}
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At the end of the 16th century, the Aussa Sultanate was established in the Denkel lowlands of Eritrea. The polity had come into existence in 1577, when Muhammed Jasa moved his capital from Harar to Aussa (Asaita) with the split of the Adal Sultanate into Aussa and the Sultanate of Harar. At some point after 1672, Aussa...
In what year was the Afar leader Kedafu born?
{'text': '1734', 'answer_start': 412}
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In the nineteenth century Burke was praised by both liberals and conservatives. Burke's friend Philip Francis wrote that Burke "was a man who truly & prophetically foresaw all the consequences which would rise from the adoption of the French principles" but because Burke wrote with so much passion, people were doubtful...
When did both liberals and conservatives condemn Burke?
{'text': 'the nineteenth century', 'answer_start': 3}
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Digestion begins in the mouth with the secretion of saliva and its digestive enzymes. Food is formed into a bolus by the mechanical mastication and swallowed into the esophagus from where it enters the stomach through the action of peristalsis. Gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid and pepsin which would damage the ...
What does gastric juice consist of?
{'text': 'hydrochloric acid and pepsin', 'answer_start': 268}
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A 2007 study conducted by the National Science Foundation found that biodiversity and genetic diversity are codependent—that diversity among species requires diversity within a species, and vice versa. "If any one type is removed from the system, the cycle can break down, and the community becomes dominated by a single...
What can cause a break down of a biodiversity system?
{'text': 'If any one type is removed from the system', 'answer_start': 203}
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There are strict limits to how efficiently heat can be converted into work in a cyclic process, e.g. in a heat engine, as described by Carnot's theorem and the second law of thermodynamics. However, some energy transformations can be quite efficient. The direction of transformations in energy (what kind of energy is tr...
what is non-equal energy spread among all available degrees of freedom
{'text': 'entropy', 'answer_start': 373}
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A commutator is a mechanism used to switch the input of most DC machines and certain AC machines consisting of slip ring segments insulated from each other and from the electric motor's shaft. The motor's armature current is supplied through the stationary brushes in contact with the revolving commutator, which causes ...
From where is current to the motor supplied?
{'text': 'stationary brushes', 'answer_start': 246}
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During the war, plans were drawn up to quell Welsh nationalism by affiliating Elizabeth more closely with Wales. Proposals, such as appointing her Constable of Caernarfon Castle or a patron of Urdd Gobaith Cymru (the Welsh League of Youth), were abandoned for various reasons, which included a fear of associating Elizab...
Who rejected the idea of Elizabeth being appointed as the Constable of Caernarfon Castle?
{'text': 'Home Secretary, Herbert Morrison', 'answer_start': 486}
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These motors were originally invented to drive the capstan(s) of magnetic tape drives in the burgeoning computer industry, where minimal time to reach operating speed and minimal stopping distance were critical. Pancake motors are still widely used in high-performance servo-controlled systems, robotic systems, industri...
For what type of military applications are waffle motors currently used?
{'text': 'high temperature', 'answer_start': 450}
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Eritrea can be split into three ecoregions. To the east of the highlands are the hot, arid coastal plains stretching down to the southeast of the country. The cooler, more fertile highlands, reaching up to 3000m has a different habitat. Habitats here vary from the sub-tropical rainforest at Filfil Solomona to the preci...
How high is Emba Soira?
{'text': '3,018 meters (9,902 ft) above sea level', 'answer_start': 618}
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In 2006, the Houston metropolitan area ranked first in Texas and third in the U.S. within the Category of "Best Places for Business and Careers" by Forbes magazine. Foreign governments have established 92 consular offices in Houston's metropolitan area, the third highest in the nation. Forty foreign governments maintai...
How many offices have been established in Houston by foreign governments?
{'text': '92', 'answer_start': 202}
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The Gothic vault, unlike the semi-circular vault of Roman and Romanesque buildings, can be used to roof rectangular and irregularly shaped plans such as trapezoids. The other structural advantage is that the pointed arch channels the weight onto the bearing piers or columns at a steep angle. This enabled architects to ...
What can architects raise much lower using the Gothic versus the Romanesque variety?
{'text': 'vaults', 'answer_start': 326}
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In August 2007 Virgil Griffith, a Caltech computation and neural-systems graduate student, created a searchable database that linked changes made by anonymous Wikipedia editors to companies and organizations from which the changes were made. The database cross-referenced logs of Wikipedia edits with publicly available ...
What was Griffith's tool designed to detect?
{'text': 'conflict of interest edits', 'answer_start': 556}
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The "Lophotrochozoa" hypothesis is also supported by the fact that many phyla within this group, including annelids, molluscs, nemerteans and flatworms, follow a similar pattern in the fertilized egg's development. When their cells divide after the 4-cell stage, descendants of these 4 cells form a spiral pattern. In th...
Which Lophotrochozoa phyla have similar egg development?
{'text': 'annelids, molluscs, nemerteans and flatworms', 'answer_start': 107}
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In 1944, Nasser married Tahia Kazem, the 22-year-old daughter of a wealthy Iranian father and an Egyptian mother, both of whom died when she was young. She was introduced to Nasser through her brother, Abdel Hamid Kazim, a merchant friend of Nasser's, in 1943. After their wedding, the couple moved into a house in Mansh...
Who did Nasser marry in 1944?
{'text': 'Tahia Kazem', 'answer_start': 24}
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From Elizabeth's birth onwards, the British Empire continued its transformation into the Commonwealth of Nations. By the time of her accession in 1952, her role as head of multiple independent states was already established. In 1953, the Queen and her husband embarked on a seven-month round-the-world tour, visiting 13 ...
In what year did Elizabeth become Queen?
{'text': '1952', 'answer_start': 146}
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Ann Arbor is a major scene of college sports, most notably at the University of Michigan, a member of the Big Ten Conference. Several well-known college sports facilities exist in the city, including Michigan Stadium, the largest American football stadium in the world. The stadium was completed in 1927 and cost more th...
Which is the largest American football stadium in the world?
{'text': 'Michigan Stadium', 'answer_start': 200}
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YouTube is a global video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno, California, United States. The service was created by three former PayPal employees in February 2005. In November 2006, it was bought by Google for US$1.65 billion. YouTube now operates as one of Google's subsidiaries. The site allows users to upload...
What other technology does YouTube use besides WebM and H.642/MPEG-4 VAC?
{'text': 'Adobe Flash Video', 'answer_start': 412}
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Despite delays in some countries, the number of European HD channels and viewers has risen steadily since the first HDTV broadcasts, with SES's annual Satellite Monitor market survey for 2010 reporting more than 200 commercial channels broadcasting in HD from Astra satellites, 185 million HD capable TVs sold in Europe ...
According to the 2010 Satellite Monitor market survey, how many European households were watching SD broadcasts?
{'text': '20 million', 'answer_start': 353}
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For example, a horse eats grass: the horse changes the grass into itself; the grass as such does not persist in the horse, but some aspect of it—its matter—does. The matter is not specifically described (e.g., as atoms), but consists of whatever persists in the change of substance from grass to horse. Matter in this un...
What does grass turn the horse into?
{'text': 'itself', 'answer_start': 66}
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Between 1042 and 1052 King Edward the Confessor began rebuilding St Peter's Abbey to provide himself with a royal burial church. It was the first church in England built in the Romanesque style. The building was not completed until around 1090 but was consecrated on 28 December 1065, only a week before Edward's death o...
What was the date of the Abbey's demolition?
{'text': '28 December 1065', 'answer_start': 267}
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According to Genius, the James Gleick-authored biography, Feynman tried LSD during his professorship at Caltech. Somewhat embarrassed by his actions, he largely sidestepped the issue when dictating his anecdotes; he mentions it in passing in the "O Americano, Outra Vez" section, while the "Altered States" chapter in Su...
What substance did Feynman die from later in life?
{'text': 'alcohol', 'answer_start': 504}
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John XXIII was an advocate for human rights which included the unborn and the elderly. He wrote about human rights in his Pacem in terris. He wrote, "Man has the right to live. He has the right to bodily integrity and to the means necessary for the proper development of life, particularly food, clothing, shelter, medic...
What do people who are disabled need the most, according to widows?
{'text': 'food, clothing, shelter, medical care, rest, and, finally, the necessary social services', 'answer_start': 290}
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Seattle's political culture is very liberal and progressive for the United States, with over 80% of the population voting for the Democratic Party. All precincts in Seattle voted for Democratic Party candidate Barack Obama in the 2012 presidential election. In partisan elections for the Washington State Legislature and...
For whom did the residents of Seattle vote in the 2012 presidential election?
{'text': 'Barack Obama', 'answer_start': 210}
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The earliest writers on sexual orientation usually understood it to be intrinsically linked to the subject's own sex. For example, it was thought that a typical female-bodied person who is attracted to female-bodied persons would have masculine attributes, and vice versa. This understanding was shared by most of the si...
What did gender idenity become to be seen as?
{'text': 'phenomenon distinct from sexual orientation', 'answer_start': 793}
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Meanwhile, in Renaissance Italy, a new period in the history of translation had opened in Florence with the arrival, at the court of Cosimo de' Medici, of the Byzantine scholar Georgius Gemistus Pletho shortly before the fall of Constantinople to the Turks (1453). A Latin translation of Plato's works was undertaken by ...
Who couldn't translate Plato's works to Latin?
{'text': 'Marsilio Ficino', 'answer_start': 320}
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The first regular broadcasts started on January 1, 2004 when the Belgian company Euro1080 launched the HD1 channel with the traditional Vienna New Year's Concert. Test transmissions had been active since the IBC exhibition in September 2003, but the New Year's Day broadcast marked the official launch of the HD1 channel...
Which European company launched HD1?
{'text': 'Euro1080', 'answer_start': 81}
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In his book The Crucifixion of Jesus, physician and forensic pathologist Frederick Zugibe studied the likely circumstances of the death of Jesus in great detail. Zugibe carried out a number of experiments over several years to test his theories while he was a medical examiner. These studies included experiments in whic...
What did volunteers study to write the book about Jesus' crucifixion?
{'text': 'the likely circumstances of the death of Jesus', 'answer_start': 98}
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"The mind-stuff of the world is, of course, something more general than our individual conscious minds.... The mind-stuff is not spread in space and time; these are part of the cyclic scheme ultimately derived out of it.... It is necessary to keep reminding ourselves that all knowledge of our environment from which the...
What type of consciousness is similar but not identical to consciousness itself?
{'text': 'subconsciousness', 'answer_start': 505}
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The Maya writing system (often called hieroglyphs from a superficial resemblance to the Ancient Egyptian writing) was a combination of phonetic symbols and logograms. It is most often classified as a logographic or (more properly) a logosyllabic writing system, in which syllabic signs play a significant role. It is the...
What writing system combined phonetic symbols and logograms?
{'text': 'Maya', 'answer_start': 4}
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Everton have a large fanbase, with the eighth highest average attendance in the Premier League in the 2008–09 season. The majority of Everton's matchday support comes from the North West of England, primarily Merseyside, Cheshire, West Lancashire and parts of Western Greater Manchester along with many fans who travel f...
What place did Everton FC rank in highest average attendance in the Premier League in the 2008-09 season?
{'text': 'eighth', 'answer_start': 39}
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After the American Revolutionary War, the number and proportion of free people of color increased markedly in the North and the South as slaves were freed. Most northern states abolished slavery, sometimes, like New York, in programs of gradual emancipation that took more than two decades to be completed. The last slav...
When were the last slaves freed in New York state?
{'text': 'The last slaves in New York were not freed until 1827.', 'answer_start': 307}
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The state of California was admitted to the United States in 1850. That same year San Diego was designated the seat of the newly established San Diego County and was incorporated as a city. Joshua H. Bean, the last alcalde of San Diego, was elected the first mayor. Two years later the city was bankrupt; the California ...
Who controlled San Diego's charter for 4 years after it was revoked by California legislature?
{'text': 'a board of trustees', 'answer_start': 390}
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According to Tilmann Vetter, the core of earliest Buddhism is the practice of dhyāna. Bronkhorst agrees that dhyana was a Buddhist invention, whereas Norman notes that "the Buddha's way to release [...] was by means of meditative practices." Discriminating insight into transiency as a separate path to liberation was a ...
What was the earliest Buddhism type?
{'text': 'dhyana', 'answer_start': 109}
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Google does not provide detailed figures for YouTube's running costs, and YouTube's revenues in 2007 were noted as "not material" in a regulatory filing. In June 2008, a Forbes magazine article projected the 2008 revenue at $200 million, noting progress in advertising sales. In January 2012, it was estimated that visit...
What did Forbes project as YouTube's revenue in January 2008?
{'text': '$200 million', 'answer_start': 224}
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Following the German unconditional surrender, Eisenhower was appointed Military Governor of the U.S. Occupation Zone, based at the IG Farben Building in Frankfurt am Main. He had no responsibility for the other three zones, controlled by Britain, France and the Soviet Union, except for the city of Berlin, which was man...
In what city was the headquarters of the US Occupation Zone located?
{'text': 'Frankfurt am Main', 'answer_start': 153}
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Among the Punjabi poets, the names of Sultan Bahu, Bulleh Shah, Mian Muhammad Baksh, and Waris Shah and folk singers like Inayat Hussain Bhatti and Tufail Niazi, Alam Lohar, Sain Marna, Mansoor Malangi, Allah Ditta Lona wala, Talib Hussain Dard, Attaullah Khan Essa Khailwi, Gamoo Tahliwala, Mamzoo Gha-lla, Akbar Jat, A...
When was Sultan Bahu popular?
{'text': 'from 1930 until 1979', 'answer_start': 700}
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On the other hand, classical (analog) television transmissions are usually horizontally polarized, because in urban areas buildings can reflect the electromagnetic waves and create ghost images due to multipath propagation. Using horizontal polarization, ghosting is reduced because the amount of reflection of electroma...
Buildings can create ghost images because of what?
{'text': 'multipath propagation', 'answer_start': 201}
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The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and income per capita indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development. A country scores higher HDI when the life expectancy at birth is longer, the education period is longer, and the income per c...
Does a low ranking on the HDI indicate shorter or longer life expectancy at birth?
{'text': 'longer', 'answer_start': 260}
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The Late Triassic spans from 237 million to 200 million years ago. Following the bloom of the Middle Triassic, the Late Triassic featured frequent heat spells, as well as moderate precipitation (10-20 inches per year). The recent warming led to a boom of reptilian evolution on land as the first true dinosaurs evolve, a...
What survived the Triassic Jurassic extinction event?
{'text': 'large amphibians', 'answer_start': 541}
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Assistive listening devices in many theaters and similar spaces use arrays of infrared LEDs to send sound to listeners' receivers. Light-emitting diodes (as well as semiconductor lasers) are used to send data over many types of fiber optic cable, from digital audio over TOSLINK cables to the very high bandwidth fiber l...
What type of fiber forms the backbone of the internet?
{'text': 'very high bandwidth', 'answer_start': 293}
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From 1955 until 1997 Sichuan had been China's most populous province, hitting 100 million mark shortly after the 1982 census figure of 99,730,000. This changed in 1997 when the Sub-provincial city of Chongqing as well as the three surrounding prefectures of Fuling, Wanxian, and Qianjiang were split off into the new Cho...
Who was trying to develop its eastern provinces?
{'text': 'China', 'answer_start': 386}
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The failure of democratic parties to prevent fascism from taking over Austrian politics in the 1920s and 1930s traumatised Popper. He suffered from the direct consequences of this failure, since events after the Anschluss, the annexation of Austria by the German Reich in 1938, forced him into permanent exile. His most ...
What political ideology do Popper's major works defend?
{'text': 'democratic liberalism', 'answer_start': 650}
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Adult contemporary traces its roots to the 1960s easy listening format, which adopted a 70-80% instrumental - 20-30% vocal mix. A few offered 90% instrumentals, and a handful were entirely instrumental. The easy listening format, as it was first known, was born of a desire by some radio stations in the late 1950s and e...
Generally speaking, what percentage of music on easy listening stations was instrumental?
{'text': '70-80%', 'answer_start': 88}
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The quarter-wave elements imitate a series-resonant electrical element due to the standing wave present along the conductor. At the resonant frequency, the standing wave has a current peak and voltage node (minimum) at the feed. In electrical terms, this means the element has minimum reactance, generating the maximum c...
How do quarter wave elements act in relation to a series relevant electrical element?
{'text': 'imitate', 'answer_start': 26}
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Before A.D. 200, residents were building earthwork mounds, which were used for ceremonial and religious purposes. Succeeding peoples, including those of the ancient Mississippian culture established by A.D. 1000 in the Piedmont, continued to build or add onto such mounds. In the 500–700 years preceding European contact...
About how many years before European contact did ancient Mississippian culture build large cities?
{'text': '500–700 years', 'answer_start': 280}
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Politically, the Marshall Islands is a presidential republic in free association with the United States, with the US providing defense, subsidies, and access to U.S. based agencies such as the FCC and the USPS. With few natural resources, the islands' wealth is based on a service economy, as well as some fishing and ag...
What is the government structure of the Marshall Islands?
{'text': 'presidential republic', 'answer_start': 39}
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While hardware may be a source of insecurity, such as with microchip vulnerabilities maliciously introduced during the manufacturing process, hardware-based or assisted computer security also offers an alternative to software-only computer security. Using devices and methods such as dongles, trusted platform modules, i...
What is used in physical access of a computer?
{'text': 'devices', 'answer_start': 256}
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Southampton is divided into council wards, suburbs, constituencies, ecclesiastical parishes, and other less formal areas. It has a number of parks and green spaces, the largest being the 148 hectare Southampton Common, parts of which are used to host the annual summer festivals, circuses and fun fairs. The Common inclu...
What's the largest park in Southampton?
{'text': 'Southampton Common', 'answer_start': 199}
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A district of Himachal Pradesh is an administrative geographical unit, headed by a Deputy Commissioner or District Magistrate, an officer belonging to the Indian Administrative Service. The district magistrate or the deputy commissioner is assisted by a number of officers belonging to Himachal Administrative Service an...
What is each geographical unit divided into and governed by a district?
{'text': 'Sub-Divisions', 'answer_start': 386}
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Though still predominantly green, post-2004 series incorporate other colors to better distinguish different denominations. As a result of a 2008 decision in an accessibility lawsuit filed by the American Council of the Blind, the Bureau of Engraving and Printing is planning to implement a raised tactile feature in the ...
Which organization filed an accessibility lawsuit?
{'text': 'American Council of the Blind', 'answer_start': 195}
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In addition to Seurat, the roots of cubism are to be found in the two distinct tendencies of Cézanne's later work: first his breaking of the painted surface into small multifaceted areas of paint, thereby emphasizing the plural viewpoint given by binocular vision, and second his interest in the simplification of natura...
Cubism revolutionized the way things could be seen in art how?
{'text': 'all the surfaces of depicted objects in a single picture plane, as if the objects had all their faces visible at the same time.', 'answer_start': 446}
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During weekday lunchtime, over 150 lunch carts and food trucks from neighborhood restaurants cater to different student populations throughout Yale's campus. The carts cluster at three main points: by Yale – New Haven Hospital in the center of the Hospital Green (Cedar and York streets), by Yale's Trumbull College (Elm...
New Haven Hospital is located at where in Hospital Green?
{'text': 'Cedar and York streets', 'answer_start': 264}
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The Richmond metro area is served by many local television and radio stations. As of 2010[update], the Richmond-Petersburg designated market area (DMA) is the 58th largest in the U.S. with 553,950 homes according to Nielsen Market Research. The major network television affiliates are WTVR-TV 6 (CBS), WRIC-TV 8 (ABC), W...
What Richmond-area station is affiliated with CBS?
{'text': 'WTVR-TV 6', 'answer_start': 285}
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The papal bull defining the dogma, Ineffabilis Deus, mentioned in particular the patrististic interpretation of Genesis 3:15 as referring to a woman, Mary, who would be eternally at enmity with the evil serpent and completely triumphing over him. It said the Fathers saw foreshadowings of Mary's "wondrous abundance of d...
What holy document says Mary was present in Eden?
{'text': 'The papal bull defining the dogma, Ineffabilis Deus', 'answer_start': 0}
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Dogs bear their litters roughly 58 to 68 days after fertilization, with an average of 63 days, although the length of gestation can vary. An average litter consists of about six puppies, though this number may vary widely based on the breed of dog. In general, toy dogs produce from one to four puppies in each litter, w...
What is the average number of pups per litter?
{'text': 'six', 'answer_start': 174}
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General Ridgway was appointed Supreme Commander, Korea; he regrouped the UN forces for successful counterattacks, while General James Van Fleet assumed command of the U.S. Eighth Army. Further attacks slowly depleted the PVA and KPA forces; Operations Courageous (23–28 March 1951) and Tomahawk (23 March 1951) were a jo...
What was the goal of Operation Tomahawk?
{'text': 'get behind Chinese forces and block their movement north', 'answer_start': 668}
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Albertus Magnus championed the idea, drawn from Dionysus, that positive knowledge of God is possible, but obscure. Thus, it is easier to state what God is not, than to state what God is: "... we affirm things of God only relatively, that is, casually, whereas we deny things of God absolutely, that is, with reference to...
How do we deny things of God?
{'text': 'absolutely', 'answer_start': 282}
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Hastings was entrusted with the power of peace and war. British judges and magistrates would also be sent to India to administer the legal system. The Governor General and the council would have complete legislative powers. The company was allowed to maintain its virtual monopoly over trade in exchange for the biennial...
in British indian a jugde had to come from where to oversee the legal system?
{'text': 'British', 'answer_start': 56}
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In 2013, global business and financial news provider, Bloomberg, named Namibia the top emerging market economy in Africa and the 13th best in the world. Only four African countries made the Top 20 Emerging Markets list in the March 2013 issue of Bloomberg Markets magazine, and Namibia was rated ahead of Morocco (19th),...
What did Bloomberg name Namibia?
{'text': 'top emerging market economy in Africa', 'answer_start': 83}
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Due to technical limitations, the original ReWritable CD could be written no faster than 4x speed. High Speed ReWritable CD has a different design, which permits writing at speeds ranging from 4x to 12x. Original CD-RW drives can only write to original ReWritable CDs. High Speed CD-RW drives can typically write to both...
Which ReWriteable CD is most common?
{'text': 'High Speed ReWritable CDs', 'answer_start': 349}
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Many annelids move by peristalsis (waves of contraction and expansion that sweep along the body), or flex the body while using parapodia to crawl or swim. In these animals the septa enable the circular and longitudinal muscles to change the shape of individual segments, by making each segment a separate fluid-filled "b...
How does peristalsis work?
{'text': 'waves of contraction and expansion that sweep along the body', 'answer_start': 35}
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Another possible cause of diarrhea is irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which usually presents with abdominal discomfort relieved by defecation and unusual stool (diarrhea or constipation) for at least 3 days a week over the previous 3 months. Symptoms of diarrhea-predominant IBS can be managed through a combination of d...
What is the diagnosis for patients with unusual stool?
{'text': 'bile acid malabsorption diagnosed with an abnormal SeHCAT test.', 'answer_start': 470}
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The Bologna process has been adopted, since 2006, by Portuguese universities and poly-technical institutes. Higher education in state-run educational establishments is provided on a competitive basis, a system of numerus clausus is enforced through a national database on student admissions. However, every higher educat...
Over what age are higher education applicants considered mature?
{'text': 'over 23 years old', 'answer_start': 467}
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However, the collapsing Ottoman economy could not sustain the fleet's strength for too long. Sultan Abdülhamid II distrusted the admirals who sided with the reformist Midhat Pasha, and claimed that the large and expensive fleet was of no use against the Russians during the Russo-Turkish War. He locked most of the fleet...
Who was the reformist that had the backing of Ottoman admirals during the Russo-Turkish war?
{'text': 'Midhat Pasha', 'answer_start': 167}
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The original model Famicom featured two game controllers, both of which were hardwired to the back of the console. The second controller lacked the START and SELECT buttons, but featured a small microphone. Relatively few games made use of this feature. The earliest produced Famicom units initially had square A and B b...
What shape were the D and E buttons on the earliest Famicom controllers?
{'text': 'square', 'answer_start': 384}
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In 550 BC, Cyrus the Great, son of Mandane and Cambyses I, took over the Median Empire, and founded the Achaemenid Empire by unifying other city states. The conquest of Media was a result of what is called the Persian Revolt. The brouhaha was initially triggered by the actions of the Median ruler Astyages, and was quic...
When did Cyrus the Great found the Achaemenid Empire?
{'text': '550 BC', 'answer_start': 3}
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However, relatively few organisations maintain computer systems with effective detection systems, and fewer still have organised response mechanisms in place. As result, as Reuters points out: "Companies for the first time report they are losing more through electronic theft of data than physical stealing of assets". T...
Electronic theft of data is causing more loss than what?
{'text': 'physical stealing of assets', 'answer_start': 289}
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In 1988, with that preliminary phase of the project completed, Professor Skousen took over as editor and head of the FARMS Critical Text of the Book of Mormon Project and proceeded to gather still scattered fragments of the Original Manuscript of the Book of Mormon and to have advanced photographic techniques applied t...
What year was the final phase of the project completed?
{'text': '1988', 'answer_start': 3}
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The city is also in the process of implementing a 5-year and 20 year Bike Action Plan with a goal of attaining 14 to 35% bicycle transportation mode share by 2030 through the installation of enhanced bicycle infrastructure throughout the city. Other environmentally focused initiatives include curbside recycling, curbsi...
In what year will the Expo Line be opened?
{'text': '2030', 'answer_start': 158}
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During the Age of Discovery in the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal and Spain pioneered European exploration of the globe, and in the process established large overseas empires. Envious of the great wealth these empires generated, England, France, and the Netherlands began to establish colonies and trade networks of t...
Which countries began colonizing because they envied the empires of Portugal and Spain?
{'text': 'England, France, and the Netherlands', 'answer_start': 232}
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Prior to the rally, seven anti-China protestors were arrested in Hanoi after unfurling a banner and shouting "Boycott the Beijing Olympics" through a loudhailer at a market. A Vietnamese American was deported for planning protests against the torch, while a prominent blogger, Điếu Cày (real name Nguyễn Văn Hải), who bl...
What was removed from the website that Lê Minh Phiếu had written about?
{'text': "disputed islands and dotted lines marking China's maritime claims", 'answer_start': 1001}
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In June 1989, Nintendo of America's vice president of marketing Peter Main, said that the Famicom was present in 37% of Japan's households. By 1990, 30% of American households owned the NES, compared to 23% for all personal computers. By 1990, the NES had outsold all previously released consoles worldwide.[better sourc...
In 1990, what percentage of American households owned an NES?
{'text': '30%', 'answer_start': 149}
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This apparatus may be made of hemp or a synthetic material which retains the qualities of lightness and suppleness. Its length is in proportion to the size of the gymnast. The rope should, when held down by the feet, reach both of the gymnasts' armpits. One or two knots at each end are for keeping hold of the rope whil...
What other requirement is there for the rope?
{'text': 'The rope must be coloured, either all or partially and may either be of a uniform diameter or be progressively thicker in the center', 'answer_start': 493}
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Monopole antennas consist of a single radiating element such as a metal rod, often mounted over a conducting surface, a ground plane. One side of the feedline from the receiver or transmitter is connected to the rod, and the other side to the ground plane, which may be the Earth. The most common form is the quarter-wav...
What are small monopoles used as?
{'text': 'nondirectional antennas', 'answer_start': 775}
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Persistent infections occur because the body is unable to clear the organism after the initial infection. Persistent infections are characterized by the continual presence of the infectious organism, often as latent infection with occasional recurrent relapses of active infection. There are some viruses that can mainta...
Where does the herpes virus hide?
{'text': 'in nerves', 'answer_start': 496}
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Victoria later described her childhood as "rather melancholy". Her mother was extremely protective, and Victoria was raised largely isolated from other children under the so-called "Kensington System", an elaborate set of rules and protocols devised by the Duchess and her ambitious and domineering comptroller, Sir John...
Who was Victoria's mothers lover?
{'text': 'Sir John Conroy', 'answer_start': 312}
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During the period of the Napoleonic Wars, the East India Company arranged for letters of marque for its vessels such as the Lord Nelson. This was not so that they could carry cannon to fend off warships, privateers and pirates on their voyages to India and China (that they could do without permission) but so that, shou...
Why did EIC want tthe letters of marque most?
{'text': 'should they have the opportunity to take a prize, they could do so without being guilty of piracy', 'answer_start': 316}
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In June 1986, Madonna released her third studio album, True Blue, which was inspired by and dedicated to Sean Penn. Rolling Stone magazine was generally impressed with the effort, writing that the album "sound[s] as if it comes from the heart". It resulted in three singles making it to number-one on the Billboard Hot 1...
Name a soundtrack in the film Who's That Girl?
{'text': 'Causing a Commotion', 'answer_start': 1064}
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In one-party systems, one political party is legally allowed to hold effective power. Although minor parties may sometimes be allowed, they are legally required to accept the leadership of the dominant party. This party may not always be identical to the government, although sometimes positions within the party may in ...
What are minor parties usually identical to?
{'text': 'the government', 'answer_start': 251}
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Carnival (see other spellings and names) is a Christian festive season that occurs before the Christian season of Lent. The main events typically occur during February or early March, during the period historically known as Shrovetide (or Pre-Lent). Carnival typically involves a public celebration and/or parade combini...
What's the name of the Christian festive season that occurs before the season of Lent?
{'text': 'Carnival', 'answer_start': 0}
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Washington University's North Campus and West Campus principally house administrative functions that are not student focused. North Campus lies in St. Louis City near the Delmar Loop. The University acquired the building and adjacent property in 2004, formerly home to the Angelica Uniform Factory. Several University ad...
On what campuses are the student focused administrative functions located?
{'text': 'North Campus', 'answer_start': 24}
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Zhejiang consists mostly of hills, which account for about 70% of its total area. Altitudes tend to be the highest to the south and west and the highest peak of the province, Huangmaojian Peak (1,929 meters or 6,329 feet), is located there. Other prominent mountains include Mounts Yandang, Tianmu, Tiantai, and Mogan, w...
How low is Huangmaojian Peak in meters?
{'text': '1,929 meters', 'answer_start': 194}