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The American Revolution begun with fighting at Lexington and Concord. On July 4, 1776, they issued the Declaration of Independence, which proclaimed their independence from Great Britain and their formation of a cooperative union. In June 1776, Benjamin Franklin was appointed a member of the Committee of Five that draf...
Where did the American Revolution start?
{'text': 'Lexington and Concord', 'answer_start': 47}
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BYU has designated energy conservation, products and materials, recycling, site planning and building design, student involvement, transportation, water conservation, and zero waste events as top priority categories in which to further its efforts to be an environmentally sustainable campus. The university has stated t...
What is BYU working to increase by installing various speed drives on all pumps and fans?
{'text': 'energy efficiency of its buildings', 'answer_start': 434}
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Southern Europe's flora is that of the Mediterranean Region, one of the phytochoria recognized by Armen Takhtajan. The Mediterranean and Submediterranean climate regions in Europe are found in much of Southern Europe, mainly in Southern Portugal, most of Spain, the southern coast of France, Italy, the Croatian coast, m...
What is found on the southern coast of Bosnia?
{'text': 'Submediterranean climate regions', 'answer_start': 137}
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In March's Super Tuesday, Kerry won decisive victories in the California, Connecticut, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New York, Ohio, and Rhode Island primaries and the Minnesota caucuses. Dean, despite having withdrawn from the race two weeks earlier, won his home state of Vermont. Edwards finished only slightly be...
Which candidate dropped out of the race, next after Edwards?
{'text': 'Sharpton', 'answer_start': 451}
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Alloys are often made to alter the mechanical properties of the base metal, to induce hardness, toughness, ductility, or other desired properties. Most metals and alloys can be work hardened by creating defects in their crystal structure. These defects are created during plastic deformation, such as hammering or bendin...
What kind of treatment can be made to alter it's properties?
{'text': 'heat treatment', 'answer_start': 440}
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The migrations and invasions of the 4th and 5th centuries disrupted trade networks around the Mediterranean. African goods stopped being imported into Europe, first disappearing from the interior and by the 7th century found only in a few cities such as Rome or Naples. By the end of the 7th century, under the impact of...
Along with Naples, what city still traded African goods in the 7th century?
{'text': 'Rome', 'answer_start': 254}
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In 1886, Woolwich munitions workers founded the club as Dial Square. In 1913, the club crossed the city to Arsenal Stadium in Highbury. They became Tottenham Hotspur's nearest club, commencing the North London derby. In 2006, they moved to the Emirates Stadium in nearby Holloway. Arsenal earned €435.5m in 2014–15, with...
Who founded the Tottenham Hotspur?
{'text': 'Woolwich munitions workers', 'answer_start': 9}
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By the late 80s, House had moved West, particularly to San Francisco, Oakland, Los Angeles, Fresno, San Diego and Seattle. Los Angeles saw a huge explosion of underground raves and DJs, notably DJs Marques Wyatt and Billy Long, who spun at Jewel's Catch One, the oldest dance club in America. In 1989, the L.A. based, fo...
Where did DJs Marques, Wyatt, and Mike Wilson become successful?
{'text': 'Los Angeles', 'answer_start': 79}
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Digimon was first conceived as a virtual pet toy in the vein of Tamagotchis and, as such, took influence from Tamagotchis' cute and round designs. The small areas of the screens (16 by 16 pixels) meant that character designers had to create monsters whose forms would be easily recognizable. As such, many of the early D...
What animals were the digimon based off of?
{'text': 'dinosaurs', 'answer_start': 390}
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Citing the inability of the Joint Commission to make progress, the U.S. government decided to hold an election under United Nations auspices with the aim of creating an independent Korea. The Soviet authorities and the Korean Communists refused to co-operate on the grounds it would not be fair, and many South Korean po...
Why did the Korean Communists and the Soviets refuse to cooperate in the elections and creation of independent Korea?
{'text': 'it would not be fair', 'answer_start': 274}
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The earliest detailed accounts of the death of Jesus are contained in the four canonical gospels. There are other, more implicit references in the New Testament epistles. In the synoptic gospels, Jesus predicts his death in three separate episodes. All four Gospels conclude with an extended narrative of Jesus' arrest, ...
How did scholars treat the Bible when trying to accurately translate it?
{'text': 'with more intense detail', 'answer_start': 444}
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The thermionic triode, a vacuum tube invented in 1907, enabled amplified radio technology and long-distance telephony. The triode, however, was a fragile device that consumed a lot of power. Physicist Julius Edgar Lilienfeld filed a patent for a field-effect transistor (FET) in Canada in 1925, which was intended to be ...
Why were field-effect transistors not practical without high quality semiconductor materials?
{'text': 'consumed a lot of power', 'answer_start': 166}
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The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) recognizes that conflicts may exist between the respect for and implementation of current intellectual property systems and other human rights. In 2001 the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights issued a document called "Human rights and intellectual pro...
When was a document called "Human rights and intellectual property" issued?
{'text': '2001', 'answer_start': 199}
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Naturally occurring crude asphalt/bitumen impregnated in sedimentary rock is the prime feed stock for petroleum production from "Oil sands", currently under development in Alberta, Canada. Canada has most of the world's supply of natural asphalt/bitumen, covering 140,000 square kilometres (an area larger than England),...
What is the amount of bitumen that can be extracted in Alberta?
{'text': '310 billion barrels', 'answer_start': 1087}
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In July 2013 Tuvalu signed the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to establish the Pacific Regional Trade and Development Facility, which Facility originated in 2006, in the context of negotiations for an Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between Pacific ACP States and the European Union. The rationale for the creati...
With what group does the agreement form an alliance?
{'text': 'European Union', 'answer_start': 276}
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Some street trams (streetcars) used conduit third-rail current collection. The third rail was below street level. The tram picked up the current through a plough (U.S. "plow") accessed through a narrow slot in the road. In the United States, much (though not all) of the former streetcar system in Washington, D.C. (disc...
An advantage of conduit collection is much high what?
{'text': 'initial installation costs', 'answer_start': 1099}
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The Portuguese language is the official national language and the primary language taught in schools. English and Spanish are also part of the official curriculum. The city has six international schools: American School of Brasília, Brasília International School (BIS), Escola das Nações, Swiss International School (SIS...
In what year will the official curriculum start?
{'text': 'August 2016', 'answer_start': 397}
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The doctrine of pratītyasamutpāda, (Sanskrit; Pali: paticcasamuppāda; Tibetan Wylie: rten cing 'brel bar 'byung ba; Chinese: 緣起) is an important part of Buddhist metaphysics. It states that phenomena arise together in a mutually interdependent web of cause and effect. It is variously rendered into English as "dependent...
The doctrine of pratityasumatupada is a important part of what type of metaphysics?
{'text': 'Buddhist', 'answer_start': 153}
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Switzerland (/ˈswɪtsərlənd/), officially the Swiss Confederation (Latin: Confoederatio Helvetica, hence its abbreviation CH), is a country in Europe. While still named the "Swiss Confederation" for historical reasons, modern Switzerland is a federal directorial republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat o...
What 3 geographical features divide Switzerland?
{'text': 'the Alps, the Swiss Plateau and the Jura', 'answer_start': 646}
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Digestion of some fats can begin in the mouth where lingual lipase breaks down some short chain lipids into diglycerides. However fats are mainly digested in the small intestine. The presence of fat in the small intestine produces hormones that stimulate the release of pancreatic lipase from the pancreas and bile from ...
Where are fats mainly digested?
{'text': 'the small intestine', 'answer_start': 158}
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Many solar photovoltaic power stations have been built, mainly in Europe. As of July 2012, the largest photovoltaic (PV) power plants in the world are the Agua Caliente Solar Project (USA, 247 MW), Charanka Solar Park (India, 214 MW), Golmud Solar Park (China, 200 MW), Perovo Solar Park (Russia 100 MW), Sarnia Photovol...
Where have the majority of photovoltaic power stations been built?
{'text': 'Europe', 'answer_start': 66}
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Von Neumann entered the Lutheran Fasori Evangelikus Gimnázium in 1911. This was one of the best schools in Budapest, part of a brilliant education system designed for the elite. Under the Hungarian system, children received all their education at the one gymnasium. Despite being run by the Lutheran Church, the majority...
In what room did children get education in Hungary?
{'text': 'gymnasium', 'answer_start': 255}
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The most commonly given starting point for the Middle Ages is 476, first used by Bruni.[A] For Europe as a whole, 1500 is often considered to be the end of the Middle Ages, but there is no universally agreed upon end date. Depending on the context, events such as Christopher Columbus's first voyage to the Americas in 1...
What date is usually given as the beginning of the Middle Ages?
{'text': '476', 'answer_start': 62}
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The following week, John Edwards won the South Carolina primary and finished a strong second in Oklahoma to Clark. Lieberman dropped out of the campaign the following day. Kerry dominated throughout February and his support quickly snowballed as he won caucuses and primaries, taking in a string of wins in Michigan, Was...
What did Sharpton do the next day after losing in Nevada?
{'text': 'dropped out of the campaign', 'answer_start': 125}
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Early civilisations in Myanmar included the Tibeto-Burman-speaking Pyu city-states in Upper Burma and the Mon kingdoms in Lower Burma. In the 9th century, the Bamar people entered the upper Irrawaddy valley and, following the establishment of the Pagan Kingdom in the 1050s, the Burmese language, culture and Theravada B...
When did was Myanmar ruled by the Taungoo Dynasty ?
{'text': 'In the 16th century', 'answer_start': 454}
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As of the 2015–16 season, Premier League football has been played in 53 stadiums since the formation of the Premier League in 1992. The Hillsborough disaster in 1989 and the subsequent Taylor Report saw a recommendation that standing terraces should be abolished; as a result all stadiums in the Premier League are all-s...
In which year was the Taylor Report disaster?
{'text': '1989', 'answer_start': 161}
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Spielberg next directed the historical drama film Lincoln, starring Daniel Day-Lewis as United States President Abraham Lincoln and Sally Field as Mary Todd Lincoln. Based on Doris Kearns Goodwin's bestseller Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln, the film covered the final four months of Lincoln's li...
How many times has Daniel Day-Lewis been nominated for Best Actor?
{'text': 'twelve', 'answer_start': 623}
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Palermo is surrounded by mountains, formed of calcar, which form a cirque around the city. Some districts of the city are divided by the mountains themselves. Historically, it was relatively difficult to reach the inner part of Sicily from the city because of the mounts. The tallest peak of the range is La Pizzuta, abo...
Which peak is 1333 feet hight?
{'text': 'La Pizzuta', 'answer_start': 305}
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By 1836, the Duchess's brother, Leopold, who had been King of the Belgians since 1831, hoped to marry his niece to his nephew, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Leopold, Victoria's mother, and Albert's father (Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) were siblings. Leopold arranged for Victoria's mother to invite...
How did Victoria feel about Albert?
{'text': "enjoyed Albert's company from the beginning", 'answer_start': 725}
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Five nights later, Birmingham was hit by 369 bombers from KG 54, KG 26, and KG 55. By the end of November, 1,100 bombers were available for night raids. An average of 200 were able to strike per night. This weight of attack went on for two months, with the Luftwaffe dropping 13,900 short tons (12,600 t) of bombs. In No...
How many bombers hit Birmingham?
{'text': '369', 'answer_start': 41}
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Measurement of light or photometry is generally concerned with the amount of useful light falling on a surface and the amount of light emerging from a lamp or other source, along with the colors that can be rendered by this light. The human eye responds differently to light from different parts of the visible spectrum,...
What is the SI unit for lumiance?
{'text': 'cd/m2', 'answer_start': 877}
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Of the third Dalai Lama, China Daily states that the "Ming dynasty showed him special favor by allowing him to pay tribute." China Daily then says that Sonam Gyatso was granted the title Dorjichang or Vajradhara Dalai Lama in 1587 [sic!], but China Daily does not mention who granted him the title. Without mentioning th...
Who did the Ming dynasty showed favors to?
{'text': 'the third Dalai Lama', 'answer_start': 3}
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From 1877 to 1878, the area suffered a rash of stagecoach robberies. Most notable, however, were the two holdups committed by masked road-agent William Whitney Brazelton. Brazelton held up two stages in the summer of 1878 near Point of Mountain Station approximately 17 mi (27 km) northwest of Tucson. John Clum, of Tomb...
What is the name of the sheriff who shot William Whitney Brazelton?
{'text': 'Charles A. Shibell', 'answer_start': 545}
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Traditionally, major college basketball teams began their seasons with a few exhibition games. They played travelling teams made up of former college players on teams such as Athletes in Action or a team sponsored by Marathon Oil. On occasion before 1992, when FIBA allowed professional players on foreign national teams...
Where do minor basketball teams still travel to.
{'text': 'to other countries', 'answer_start': 678}
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During a panel discussion at Harvard University's reunion for African American alumni during the 2003–04 academic year, two prominent black professors at the institution—Lani Guinier and Henry Louis Gates—pointed out an unintended effect of affirmative action policies at Harvard. They stated that only about a third of ...
What was going on at Harvard University during the 2003 - 04 academic year?
{'text': 'a panel discussion', 'answer_start': 7}
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Due to extreme variation in elevation, great variation occurs in the climatic conditions of Himachal . The climate varies from hot and subhumid tropical in the southern tracts to, with more elevation, cold, alpine, and glacial in the northern and eastern mountain ranges. The state has areas like Dharamsala that receive...
Why is there variation in the climate conditions of Lahaul?
{'text': 'Due to extreme variation in elevation', 'answer_start': 0}
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Internet Explorer 10 is included as both a desktop program and a touch-optimized app, and includes increased support for HTML5, CSS3, and hardware acceleration. The Internet Explorer app does not support plugins or ActiveX components, but includes a version of Adobe Flash Player that is optimized for touch and low powe...
What limitations were put on Adobe flash to begin with?
{'text': 'a "Compatibility View" whitelist', 'answer_start': 389}
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As of 2008[update], Germany is the fourth largest music market in the world and has exerted a strong influence on Dance and Rock music, and pioneered trance music. Artists such as Herbert Grönemeyer, Scorpions, Rammstein, Nena, Dieter Bohlen, Tokio Hotel and Modern Talking have enjoyed international fame. German musici...
What is the largest music festival in Europe?
{'text': 'Rock am Ring festival', 'answer_start': 516}
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Besides their traditional areas of inhabitation in Greater Somalia, a Somali community mainly consisting of entrepreneurs, academics, and students also exists in Egypt. In addition, there is an historical Somali community in the general Sudan area. Primarily concentrated in the north and Khartoum, the expatriate commun...
Along with businesspeople, what sort of Somalis live in Sudan?
{'text': 'students', 'answer_start': 343}
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Predators may be put to use in conservation efforts to control introduced species. Although the aim in this situation is to remove the introduced species entirely, keeping its abundance down is often the only possibility. Predators from its natural range may be introduced to control populations, though in some cases th...
How can natural predators benefit crops?
{'text': 'reducing damage to crops, and are one alternative to the use of chemical agents such as pesticides', 'answer_start': 565}
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TCM's film content has remained mostly uncut and uncolorized (with films natively filmed or post-produced in the format being those only ones presented in color), depending upon the original content of movies, particularly movies released after the 1968 implementation of the Motion Picture Association of America's rati...
In what year did TCM introduce its rating system?
{'text': '1968', 'answer_start': 249}
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Football is the most popular sport in Portugal. There are several football competitions ranging from local amateur to world-class professional level. The legendary Eusébio is still a major symbol of Portuguese football history. FIFA World Player of the Year winners Luís Figo and Cristiano Ronaldo who won the FIFA Ballo...
Who are some of the most renowned football managers in Portugal?
{'text': 'José Mourinho, André Villas-Boas, Fernando Santos, Carlos Queiroz and Manuel José', 'answer_start': 509}
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In 1997, the mammals were comprehensively revised by Malcolm C. McKenna and Susan K. Bell, which has resulted in the McKenna/Bell classification. Their 1997 book, Classification of Mammals above the Species Level, is the most comprehensive work to date on the systematics, relationships, and occurrences of all mammal ta...
Who did Simpson inherit the project from?
{'text': 'McKenna', 'answer_start': 562}
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New York—often called New York City or the City of New York to distinguish it from the State of New York, of which it is a part—is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York metropolitan area, the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States and one of the most populous urb...
The most populated city in the United States is which city?
{'text': 'New York City', 'answer_start': 22}
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As of 2007, the total installed capacity of solar hot water systems is approximately 154 thermal gigawatt (GWth). China is the world leader in their deployment with 70 GWth installed as of 2006 and a long-term goal of 210 GWth by 2020. Israel and Cyprus are the per capita leaders in the use of solar hot water systems w...
In what countries is the use to solar hot water used mainly for w=swimming pools?
{'text': 'United States, Canada and Australia', 'answer_start': 361}
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Another civil war ensued after the death of Karim Khan in 1779, out of which Aqa Mohammad Khan emerged, founding the Qajar Dynasty in 1794. In 1795, following the disobedience of the Georgian subjects and their alliance with the Russians, the Qajars captured Tblisi by the Battle of Krtsanisi, and drove the Russians out...
Iran lost territory in the Caucasus during what wars in the early 1800s?
{'text': 'Russo-Persian wars', 'answer_start': 414}
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In most cases, the non-penalized team will have the option of declining the penalty; in which case the results of the previous play stand as if the penalty had not been called. One notable exception to this rule is if the kicking team on a 3rd down punt play is penalized before the kick occurs: the receiving team may n...
The outcome of which play determines the placement of the ball when a penalty is declined?
{'text': 'the previous play', 'answer_start': 114}
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Theories dealing with perception either use one or multiples perceptions in order to find an emotion (Goldie, 2007).A recent hybrid of the somatic and cognitive theories of emotion is the perceptual theory. This theory is neo-Jamesian in arguing that bodily responses are central to emotions, yet it emphasizes the meani...
What is Laird's job title?
{'text': 'psychologist', 'answer_start': 957}
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Universal Studios Inc. (also known as Universal Pictures) is an American film studio, owned by Comcast through its wholly owned subsidiary NBCUniversal, and is one of Hollywood's "Big Six" film studios. Its production studios are at 100 Universal City Plaza Drive in Universal City, California. Distribution and other co...
Who is the ultimate owner of Universal Studios?
{'text': 'Comcast', 'answer_start': 95}
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Freemasonry consists of fraternal organisations that trace their origins to the local fraternities of stonemasons, which from the end of the fourteenth century regulated the qualifications of stonemasons and their interaction with authorities and clients. The degrees of freemasonry retain the three grades of medieval c...
What are the degrees of Freemasonry?
{'text': 'Apprentice, Journeyman or fellow (now called Fellowcraft), and Master Mason', 'answer_start': 342}
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Boston is an intellectual, technological, and political center but has lost some important regional institutions, including the acquisition of The Boston Globe by The New York Times, and the loss to mergers and acquisitions of local financial institutions such as FleetBoston Financial, which was acquired by Charlotte-b...
What year did Bank of America buy FleetBoston Fonancial?
{'text': '2004', 'answer_start': 344}
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The British Isles lie at the juncture of several regions with past episodes of tectonic mountain building. These orogenic belts form a complex geology that records a huge and varied span of Earth's history. Of particular note was the Caledonian Orogeny during the Ordovician Period, c. 488–444 Ma and early Silurian peri...
During what time span was the Orogenic Period?
{'text': 'c. 488–444', 'answer_start': 283}
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An inappropriate cross-connection between sewage and drinking-water pipelines contaminated tap water in a Finnish town, resulting in an extensive waterborne gastroenteritis outbreak in this developed country. According to a database and a line-list, altogether 1222 subjects sought medical care as a result of this expos...
What is the date of the event?
{'answer_id': 273644, 'document_id': 445515, 'question_id': 138412, 'text': '30 November', 'answer_start': 1452, 'answer_category': 'SHORT'}
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The Royal Australian Navy is in the process of procuring two Canberra-class LHD's, the first of which was commissioned in November 2015, while the second is expected to enter service in 2016. The ships will be the largest in Australian naval history. Their primary roles are to embark, transport and deploy an embarked f...
Who is in the process of releasing two Canbera-class LHD's?
{'text': 'The Royal Australian Navy', 'answer_start': 0}
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Victoria later described her childhood as "rather melancholy". Her mother was extremely protective, and Victoria was raised largely isolated from other children under the so-called "Kensington System", an elaborate set of rules and protocols devised by the Duchess and her ambitious and domineering comptroller, Sir John...
Who was included in the list of people that the Duchess and Sir John Conroy didn't want the Princess Victoria associating with?
{'text': "most of her father's family", 'answer_start': 484}
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When Link enters the Twilight Realm, the void that corrupts parts of Hyrule, he transforms into a wolf.[h] He is eventually able to transform between his Hylian and wolf forms at will. As a wolf, Link loses the ability to use his sword, shield, or any secondary items; he instead attacks by biting, and defends primarily...
What form does Link take in the Twilight Realm?
{'text': 'Wolf', 'answer_start': 351}
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The Party of Reconstruction in Sicily, which claimed 40,000 members in 1944, campaigned for Sicily to be admitted as a U.S. state. This party was one of several Sicilian separatist movements active after the downfall of Italian Fascism. Sicilians felt neglected or underrepresented by the Italian government after the an...
When did the annexation of Naples by Italy happen?
{'text': '1861', 'answer_start': 332}
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Avoidance of triggers is a key component of improving control and preventing attacks. The most common triggers include allergens, smoke (tobacco and other), air pollution, non selective beta-blockers, and sulfite-containing foods. Cigarette smoking and second-hand smoke (passive smoke) may reduce the effectiveness of m...
What are some of the more common triggers?
{'text': 'allergens, smoke (tobacco and other), air pollution, non selective beta-blockers, and sulfite-containing foods', 'answer_start': 119}
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Dark meat, which avian myologists refer to as "red muscle", is used for sustained activity—chiefly walking, in the case of a chicken. The dark colour comes from the protein myoglobin, which plays a key role in oxygen uptake and storage within cells. White muscle, in contrast, is suitable only for short bursts of activi...
What birds have no breast muscle?
{'text': 'ducks and geese', 'answer_start': 554}
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Raleigh is also served by Triangle Transit (known formerly as the Triangle Transit Authority, or TTA). Triangle Transit offers scheduled, fixed-route regional and commuter bus service between Raleigh and the region's other principal cities of Durham, Cary and Chapel Hill, as well as to and from the Raleigh-Durham Inter...
What is the square transit?
{'text': 'commuter bus service', 'answer_start': 163}
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Microbiological culture is a principal tool used to diagnose infectious disease. In a microbial culture, a growth medium is provided for a specific agent. A sample taken from potentially diseased tissue or fluid is then tested for the presence of an infectious agent able to grow within that medium. Most pathogenic bact...
What is it called when an invisible mound forms on the surface of a plate?
{'text': 'a colony', 'answer_start': 583}
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Nigeria has a varied landscape. The far south is defined by its tropical rainforest climate, where annual rainfall is 60 to 80 inches (1,500 to 2,000 mm) a year. In the southeast stands the Obudu Plateau. Coastal plains are found in both the southwest and the southeast. This forest zone's most southerly portion is defi...
What part of Nigeria is the Obudu Plateau in?
{'text': 'southeast', 'answer_start': 169}
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On the interior of the building attached shafts often sweep unbroken from floor to ceiling and meet the ribs of the vault, like a tall tree spreading into branches. The verticals are generally repeated in the treatment of the windows and wall surfaces. In many Gothic churches, particularly in France, and in the Perpend...
What sort of feature is ruined by the use of vertical elements in gallery and window tracery?
{'text': 'a strongly unifying feature', 'answer_start': 439}
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Groups that emerged from the American psychedelic scene about the same time included Iron Butterfly, MC5, Blue Cheer and Vanilla Fudge. San Francisco band Blue Cheer released a crude and distorted cover of Eddie Cochran's classic "Summertime Blues", from their 1968 debut album Vincebus Eruptum, that outlined much of th...
The lyrics to "Born To Be Wild" contain the first reference to what hard rock style?
{'text': 'heavy metal', 'answer_start': 503}
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In non-relativistic classical mechanics, Newton's concept of "relative, apparent, and common time" can be used in the formulation of a prescription for the synchronization of clocks. Events seen by two different observers in motion relative to each other produce a mathematical concept of time that works sufficiently we...
What concept by Einstein can be used to synchronize electricity in classical mechanics?
{'text': '"relative, apparent, and common time"', 'answer_start': 61}
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As reflected in the 2010 United States Census, Alaska has a total of 355 incorporated cities and census-designated places (CDPs). The tally of cities includes four unified municipalities, essentially the equivalent of a consolidated city–county. The majority of these communities are located in the rural expanse of Alas...
What aren't CDPs?
{'text': 'census-designated places', 'answer_start': 97}
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Traditionally, Section 1983 was of limited use for a state prisoner under sentence of death because the Supreme Court has held that habeas corpus, not Section 1983, is the only vehicle by which a state prisoner can challenge his judgment of death. In the 2006 Hill v. McDonough case, however, the United States Supreme C...
Along with Section 1983, through what means can a convict on death row submit to his execution?
{'text': 'habeas corpus', 'answer_start': 132}
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Between 1872 and 1905, a series of protests took place in response to the sale of concessions to foreigners by Nasser od Din and Mozaffar od Din shahs of Qajar, and led to the Iranian Constitutional Revolution. The first Iranian Constitution and the first national parliament of Iran were founded in 1906, through the on...
What resulted from the series of protests in Iran over foreign concessions sales?
{'text': 'the Iranian Constitutional Revolution', 'answer_start': 172}
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Lee and freelance artist and eventual co-plotter Jack Kirby's Fantastic Four originated in a Cold War culture that led their creators to revise the superhero conventions of previous eras to better reflect the psychological spirit of their age. Eschewing such comic-book tropes as secret identities and even costumes at f...
What historic era was Marvel trying to eschew?
{'text': 'Cold War culture', 'answer_start': 93}
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In terms of ship categories, Greek companies have 22.6% of the world's tankers and 16.1% of the world's bulk carriers (in dwt). An additional equivalent of 27.45% of the world's tanker dwt is on order, with another 12.7% of bulk carriers also on order. Shipping accounts for an estimated 6% of Greek GDP, employs about 1...
How many Greek shipping companies were closed in 2011?
{'text': '750', 'answer_start': 722}
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By the early 18th century, the Maratha Kingdom had transformed itself into the Maratha Empire under the rule of the Peshwas (prime ministers). In 1737, the Marathas defeated a Mughal army in their capital, Delhi itself in Battle of Delhi (1737). The Marathas continued their military campaigns against Mughals, Nizam, Na...
In the end, what empire defeated the Maratha Empire?
{'text': 'British', 'answer_start': 1436}
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From early in its development, ASCII was intended to be just one of several national variants of an international character code standard, ultimately published as ISO/IEC 646 (1972), which would share most characters in common but assign other locally useful characters to several code points reserved for "national use....
What was causing the confusion and incompatibility of the code points?
{'text': "ASCII's choices for the national use characters to seem to be de facto standards for the world", 'answer_start': 478}
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In modern times, a process of devolution in the United Kingdom has decentralised power once again. Since the 1997 referendums in Scotland and Wales and the Good Friday Agreement in Northern Ireland, three of the four constituent countries of the UK now have some level of autonomy. Government has been devolved to the Sc...
Does England have its own Parliament?
{'text': 'England does not have its own parliament and English affairs continue to be decided by the Westminster Parliament', 'answer_start': 406}
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Groups of humans have always identified themselves as distinct from neighboring groups, but such differences have not always been understood to be natural, immutable and global. These features are the distinguishing features of how the concept of race is used today. In this way the idea of race as we understand it toda...
What have differences among groups not typically been perceived as being?
{'text': 'natural, immutable and global', 'answer_start': 147}
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Albania has often been called the 51st state for its perceived strongly pro-American positions, mainly because of the United States' policies towards it. In reference to President George W. Bush's 2007 European tour, Edi Rama, Tirana's mayor and leader of the opposition Socialists, said: "Albania is for sure the most p...
What is the name of the largest Albanian military base outside of Albanian territory?
{'text': 'Camp Bondsteel', 'answer_start': 895}
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After a series of test transmissions and special broadcasts that began in August, regular BBC television broadcasts officially resumed on 1 October 1936, from a converted wing of Alexandra Palace in London, which housed two studios, various scenery stores, make-up areas, dressing rooms, offices, and the transmitter its...
How many lines did the Marconi-EMI transmission contain?
{'text': '405', 'answer_start': 474}
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Beer ranges from less than 3% alcohol by volume (abv) to around 14% abv, though this strength can be increased to around 20% by re-pitching with champagne yeast, and to 55% abv by the freeze-distilling process. The alcohol content of beer varies by local practice or beer style. The pale lagers that most consumers are f...
What percentage of alcohol by volume does beer achieve when it is re-pitched with champagne yeast?
{'text': 'around 20%', 'answer_start': 114}
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The most reliable method for assessing pain in most humans is by asking a question: a person may report pain that cannot be detected by any known physiological measure. However, like infants (Latin infans meaning "unable to speak"), animals cannot answer questions about whether they feel pain; thus the defining criteri...
Can invertebrate species of animals like insects feel pain and suffering?
{'text': 'unclear', 'answer_start': 1568}
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Windows 8 also incorporates improved support for mobile broadband; the operating system can now detect the insertion of a SIM card and automatically configure connection settings (including APNs and carrier branding), and reduce its internet usage in order to conserve bandwidth on metered networks. Windows 8 also adds ...
What registers the insertion of a SMI card?
{'text': 'the operating system', 'answer_start': 67}
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generic
ISPs may engage in peering, where multiple ISPs interconnect at peering points or Internet exchange points (IXs), allowing routing of data between each network, without charging one another for the data transmitted—data that would otherwise have passed through a third upstream ISP, incurring charges from the upstream I...
Who may not engage in peering?
{'text': 'ISPs', 'answer_start': 0}
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Beyoncé's second solo album B'Day was released on September 5, 2006, in the US, to coincide with her twenty-fifth birthday. It sold 541,000 copies in its first week and debuted atop the Billboard 200, becoming Beyoncé's second consecutive number-one album in the United States. The album's lead single "Déjà Vu", featuri...
How many singles did her second album produce?
{'text': 'five', 'answer_start': 346}
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generic
In nouns and adjectives, maintenance of /n/ of medieval plurals in proparoxytone words. E.g. hòmens 'men', jóvens 'youth'. In nouns and adjectives, loss of /n/ of medieval plurals in proparoxytone words. E.g. homes 'men', joves 'youth'.
Where do you find medieval plurals?
{'text': 'nouns and adjectives', 'answer_start': 3}
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generic
City transportation in Strasbourg includes the futurist-looking Strasbourg tramway that opened in 1994 and is operated by the regional transit company Compagnie des Transports Strasbourgeois (CTS), consisting of 6 lines with a total length of 55.8 km (34.7 mi). The CTS also operates a comprehensive bus network througho...
In what year was the Compagnie des Transport Strasbourgeois established?
{'text': '1994', 'answer_start': 98}
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43,299
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generic
In nature, uranium(VI) forms highly soluble carbonate complexes at alkaline pH. This leads to an increase in mobility and availability of uranium to groundwater and soil from nuclear wastes which leads to health hazards. However, it is difficult to precipitate uranium as phosphate in the presence of excess carbonate at...
What is BSAR-2 a strain of?
{'text': 'Sphingomonas sp.', 'answer_start': 336}
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generic
After independence, the Chief Commissioner's Province of H.P. came into being on 15 April 1948 as a result of integration of 28 petty princely states (including feudal princes and zaildars) in the promontories of the western Himalaya, known in full as the Simla Hills States and four Punjab southern hill states by issue...
When was the state of Nalagarh tehsil formed?
{'text': '25 January 1971', 'answer_start': 1490}
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As the School grew, more students were allowed to attend provided that they paid their own fees and lived in the town, outside the College's original buildings. These students became known as Oppidans, from the Latin word oppidum, meaning town. The Houses developed over time as a means of providing residence for the Op...
What is one of the House's names?
{'text': 'Oppidans', 'answer_start': 192}
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generic
An LED filament consists of multiple LED dice connected in series on a common longitudinal substrate that form a thin rod reminiscent of a traditional incandescent filament. These are being used as a low cost decorative alternative for traditional light bulbs that are being phased out in many countries. The filaments r...
What type of voltage is needed for non-LED filaments?
{'text': 'high', 'answer_start': 336}
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generic
Most commercial paper sold in North America is cut to standard paper sizes based on customary units and is defined by the length and width of a sheet of paper.
Commercial paper is commonly defined by what?
{'text': 'length and width', 'answer_start': 122}
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generic
During the 1920s and 1930s, British civil servants and politicians, looking back at the performance of the state during World War I, concluded that there was a need for greater co-ordination between the three Services that made up the armed forces of the United Kingdom—the British Army, the Royal Navy, and the Royal Ai...
What three services make up the armed forces of the UK?
{'text': 'the British Army, the Royal Navy, and the Royal Air Force', 'answer_start': 270}
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generic
In April 2010, Shell announced its intention to divest from downstream business of all African countries except South Africa and Egypt to Vitol and "Helios". In several countries such as Tunisia, protests and strikes broke out. Shell denied rumours of the sellout. Shell continues however upstream activities/extracting ...
What did Shell switch from South Africa and Egypt to?
{'text': 'Vitol and "Helios"', 'answer_start': 138}
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generic
Historical studies reveal that policing agents have undertaken a variety of cross-border police missions for many years (Deflem, 2002). For example, in the 19th century a number of European policing agencies undertook cross-border surveillance because of concerns about anarchist agitators and other political radicals. ...
When did Deflem write about cross-border policing?
{'text': '2002', 'answer_start': 129}
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generic
Seabird migration is similar in pattern to those of the waders and waterfowl. Some, such as the black guillemot Cepphus grylle and some gulls, are quite sedentary; others, such as most terns and auks breeding in the temperate northern hemisphere, move varying distances south in the northern winter. The Arctic tern Ster...
How long did one Arctic tern take to migrate?
{'text': 'three months', 'answer_start': 628}
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generic
Infrared cleaning is a technique used by some Motion picture film scanner, film scanners and flatbed scanners to reduce or remove the effect of dust and scratches upon the finished scan. It works by collecting an additional infrared channel from the scan at the same position and resolution as the three visible color ch...
What does infrared cleaning do to detect scaling?
{'text': 'collecting an additional infrared channel from the scan at the same position and resolution as the three visible color channels', 'answer_start': 199}
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An example of the second view at the State level is found in the view of the Florida Supreme Court, that only the Florida Supreme Court may license and regulate attorneys appearing before the courts of Florida, and only the Florida Supreme Court may set rules for procedures in the Florida courts.[citation needed] The S...
Which court is the only one able to regulate attorneys appearing before the Supreme Court?
{'text': 'Florida Supreme Court', 'answer_start': 114}
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External evidence is evidence of each physical witness, its date, source, and relationship to other known witnesses. Critics will often prefer the readings supported by the oldest witnesses. Since errors tend to accumulate, older manuscripts should have fewer errors. Readings supported by a majority of witnesses are al...
Why do critics prefer minority of witnesses?
{'text': 'less likely to reflect accidents or individual biases', 'answer_start': 358}
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The Portuguese language is the official national language and the primary language taught in schools. English and Spanish are also part of the official curriculum. The city has six international schools: American School of Brasília, Brasília International School (BIS), Escola das Nações, Swiss International School (SIS...
How many private colleges are in Brasilia?
{'text': 'six', 'answer_start': 177}
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The Xeer legal system is assumed to have developed exclusively in the Horn of Africa since approximately the 7th century. There is no evidence that it developed elsewhere or was greatly influenced by any foreign legal system. The fact that Somali legal terminology is practically devoid of loan words from foreign langua...
In what region did the Xeer system develop?
{'text': 'the Horn of Africa', 'answer_start': 66}
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In Greece, copper was known by the name chalkos (χαλκός). It was an important resource for the Romans, Greeks and other ancient peoples. In Roman times, it was known as aes Cyprium, aes being the generic Latin term for copper alloys and Cyprium from Cyprus, where much copper was mined. The phrase was simplified to cupr...
What property does silver have that links it to Aphrodite and Venus?
{'text': 'lustrous beauty', 'answer_start': 430}
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The storage in sensory memory and short-term memory generally has a strictly limited capacity and duration, which means that information is not retained indefinitely. By contrast, long-term memory can store much larger quantities of information for potentially unlimited duration (sometimes a whole life span). Its capac...
Short-term memory has immeasurable what?
{'text': 'capacity', 'answer_start': 315}
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In 1914, Japan joined the Entente during World War I and captured various German Empire colonies, including several in Micronesia. On September 29, 1914, Japanese troops occupied the Enewetak Atoll, and on September 30, 1914, the Jaluit Atoll, the administrative centre of the Marshall Islands. After the war, on June 28...
What military alliance did the Japanese join in the First World War?
{'text': 'the Entente', 'answer_start': 22}