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115,308 | 114,966 | 573366074776f419006609e4 | generic | Whitehead thus sees God and the world as fulfilling one another. He sees entities in the world as fluent and changing things that yearn for a permanence which only God can provide by taking them into God's self, thereafter changing God and affecting the rest of the universe throughout time. On the other hand, he sees G... | How does he define entities' need for God? | {'text': 'He sees entities in the world as fluent and changing things that yearn for a permanence which only God can provide', 'answer_start': 65} |
18,626 | 18,284 | 5ad4f7315b96ef001a10a7e7 | generic | The oldest known archaeological fragments of the immediate precursor to modern paper, date to the 2nd century BC in China. The pulp papermaking process is ascribed to Cai Lun, a 2nd-century AD Han court eunuch. With paper as an effective substitute for silk in many applications, China could export silk in greater quant... | To whom is the silk paper making process ascribed? | {'text': 'Cai Lun', 'answer_start': 167} |
41,385 | 41,043 | 570d1cafb3d812140066d41c | generic | The English held the city for 16 months and defeated several attempts to expel them. English soldiers advanced as far as Requena on the road to Madrid. After the victory of the Bourbons at the Battle of Almansa on 25 April 1707, the English army evacuated Valencia and Philip V ordered the repeal of the privileges of Va... | At what battle were the Bourbons victorious? | {'text': 'Battle of Almansa', 'answer_start': 193} |
31,484 | 31,142 | 5709c638200fba14003682e3 | generic | The city of Houston has a strong mayoral form of municipal government. Houston is a home rule city and all municipal elections in the state of Texas are nonpartisan. The City's elected officials are the mayor, city controller and 16 members of the Houston City Council. The current mayor of Houston is Sylvester Turner, ... | Besides the mayor and controller, how many members are there on the city council? | {'text': '16', 'answer_start': 230} |
115,190 | 114,848 | 57335187d058e614000b5856 | generic | Whitehead pointed to the limitations of language as one of the main culprits in maintaining a materialistic way of thinking, and acknowledged that it may be difficult to ever wholly move past such ideas in everyday speech. After all, each moment of each person's life can hardly be given a different proper name, and it ... | What did Whitehead believe regarding factors that limit people's understanding of his concepts? | {'text': 'should not prevent people from realizing that "material substances" or "essences" are a convenient generalized description of a continuum', 'answer_start': 584} |
97,244 | 96,902 | 572a2e201d04691400779823 | generic | Control of labour and inter-group conflict is characteristic of corporate-level or 'tribal' groups, headed by a charismatic individual; whether a 'big man' or a proto-chief, functioning as a lineage-group head. Whether a non-hierarchical system of organization existed is debatable, and there is no evidence that explici... | What type of disagreement existed in tribal groups that were controlled by charismatic leaders? | {'text': 'inter-group conflict', 'answer_start': 22} |
44,826 | 44,484 | 571010e7b654c5140001f7a5 | generic | Innate bisexuality is an idea introduced by Sigmund Freud. According to this theory, all humans are born bisexual in a very broad sense of the term, that of incorporating general aspects of both sexes. In Freud's view, this was true anatomically and therefore also psychologically, with sexual attraction to both sexes b... | Why did SIgmund believe all humans are born bisexual? | {'text': 'this was true anatomically and therefore also psychologically, with sexual attraction to both sexes being one part of this psychological bisexuality', 'answer_start': 219} |
107,554 | 107,212 | 572f588204bcaa1900d76879 | generic | Four years into the 20th century saw the Russo-Japanese War with the Battle of Port Arthur establishing the Empire of Japan as a world power. The Russians were in constant pursuit of a warm water port on the Pacific Ocean, for their navy as well as for maritime trade. The Manchurian Campaign of the Russian Empire was f... | What were the Russians hoping to find in the pacific ocean? | {'text': 'warm water port', 'answer_start': 185} |
97,402 | 97,060 | 572a61a3b8ce0319002e2af9 | generic | In 1984, he was appointed as a member of the Order of the Companions of Honour (CH) by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom on the advice of the British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher for his "services to the study of economics". Hayek had hoped to receive a baronetcy, and after he was awarded the CH he sent a le... | In 1984, what was Margaret Thatcher's position within the British government? | {'text': 'Prime Minister', 'answer_start': 157} |
130,174 | 129,832 | 5735a122e853931400426a9a | generic | Kathmandu is located in the northwestern part of the Kathmandu Valley to the north of the Bagmati River and covers an area of 50.67 km2 (19.56 sq mi). The average elevation is 1,400 metres (4,600 ft) above sea level. The city is directly bounded by several other municipalities of the Kathmandu valley: south of the Bagm... | About how many feet above sea level is Kathmandu? | {'text': '4,600', 'answer_start': 190} |
108,606 | 108,264 | 572f8015a23a5019007fc69a | generic | The Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC) oversees the civic infrastructure of the city's 18 "circles", which together encompass 150 municipal wards. Each ward is represented by a corporator, elected by popular vote. The corporators elect the Mayor, who is the titular head of GHMC; executive powers rest with t... | How many municipal wards are within Hyderabad? | {'text': '150', 'answer_start': 138} |
87,693 | 87,351 | 5a36906895360f001af1b294 | generic | Albert spent the first six months of 1913 on the training ship HMS Cumberland in the West Indies and on the east coast of Canada. He was rated as a midshipman aboard HMS Collingwood on 15 September 1913, and spent three months in the Mediterranean. His fellow officers gave him the nickname "Mr. Johnson". One year after... | In what year did Albert start serving on the Collingwood? | {'text': '1916', 'answer_start': 505} |
73,004 | 72,662 | 5727ae4dff5b5019007d9274 | generic | Treatment of TB uses antibiotics to kill the bacteria. Effective TB treatment is difficult, due to the unusual structure and chemical composition of the mycobacterial cell wall, which hinders the entry of drugs and makes many antibiotics ineffective. The two antibiotics most commonly used are isoniazid and rifampicin, ... | What organization recommends directly observed therapy to make sure people take their antibiotics correctly? | {'text': 'WHO', 'answer_start': 825} |
119,830 | 119,488 | 573150b7497a881900248dcb | generic | Most birds scoop water in their beaks and raise their head to let water run down the throat. Some species, especially of arid zones, belonging to the pigeon, finch, mousebird, button-quail and bustard families are capable of sucking up water without the need to tilt back their heads. Some desert birds depend on water s... | What is a nutritive fluid that some birds provide to their chicks? | {'text': 'crop milk', 'answer_start': 701} |
37,840 | 37,498 | 5a8cae40fd22b3001a8d8d2e | generic | Interspecific crop diversity is, in part, responsible for offering variety in what we eat. Intraspecific diversity, the variety of alleles within a single species, also offers us choice in our diets. If a crop fails in a monoculture, we rely on agricultural diversity to replant the land with something new. If a wheat c... | What type of a society primarily grows wheat? | {'text': 'agricultural society', 'answer_start': 567} |
114,601 | 114,259 | 5a1379ecc8eab200188dc994 | generic | Georgian architecture is characterized by its proportion and balance; simple mathematical ratios were used to determine the height of a window in relation to its width or the shape of a room as a double cube. Regularity, as with ashlar (uniformly cut) stonework, was strongly approved, imbuing symmetry and adherence to ... | What type of designs laid in the classical orders after the Gothic revival? | {'text': 'Georgian designs', 'answer_start': 687} |
96,064 | 95,722 | 5a6936a55ce1a5001a9695ad | generic | The birthplace of IBM, Endicott, suffered pollution for decades, however. IBM used liquid cleaning agents in circuit board assembly operation for more than two decades, and six spills and leaks were recorded, including one leak in 1979 of 4,100 gallons from an underground tank. These left behind volatile organic compou... | When did freon leak from an underground tank in Endicott? | {'text': '1979', 'answer_start': 231} |
48,107 | 47,765 | 571a96bf4faf5e1900b8aae6 | generic | Several famous people have Ashkenazi as a surname, such as Vladimir Ashkenazy. However, most people with this surname hail from within Sephardic communities, particularly from the Syrian Jewish community. The Sephardic carriers of the surname would have some Ashkenazi ancestors since the surname was adopted by families... | What famous person is mentioned as having the surname Ashkenazi? | {'text': 'Vladimir Ashkenazy', 'answer_start': 59} |
91,790 | 91,448 | 5728cff2ff5b5019007da716 | generic | France's highest courts are located in Paris. The Court of Cassation, the highest court in the judicial order, which reviews criminal and civil cases, is located in the Palais de Justice on the Île de la Cité, while the Conseil d'État, which provides legal advice to the executive and acts as the highest court in the ad... | Where does the Constitutional Council meet? | {'text': 'Montpensier wing of the Palais Royal', 'answer_start': 584} |
90,525 | 90,183 | 5728e55c3acd2414000e0160 | generic | According to John N. Gray, Popper held that "a theory is scientific only in so far as it is falsifiable, and should be given up as soon as it is falsified." By applying Popper's account of scientific method, Gray's Straw Dogs states that this would have "killed the theories of Darwin and Einstein at birth." When they w... | Which work by John Gray challenges Popper's falsificationism? | {'text': 'Straw Dogs', 'answer_start': 215} |
10,483 | 10,141 | 56de2aeacffd8e1900b4b5f6 | generic | Congress has the sole power to legislate for the United States. Under the nondelegation doctrine, Congress may not delegate its lawmaking responsibilities to any other agency. In this vein, the Supreme Court held in the 1998 case Clinton v. City of New York that Congress could not delegate a "line-item veto" to the Pre... | When was Clinton v. City of New York decided by the Supreme Court? | {'text': '1998', 'answer_start': 220} |
119,097 | 118,755 | 573127e1e6313a140071cc9d | generic | Cargo and transport aircraft are typically used to deliver troops, weapons and other military equipment by a variety of methods to any area of military operations around the world, usually outside of the commercial flight routes in uncontrolled airspace. The workhorses of the USAF Air Mobility Command are the C-130 Her... | What aircraft offers Antarctic Support to the US Air Force? | {'text': 'LC-130H', 'answer_start': 904} |
127,389 | 127,047 | 5a69b82e5ce1a5001a9696b4 | generic | The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) is a court under the auspices of the United Nations for the prosecution of offenses committed in Rwanda during the genocide which occurred there during April 1994, commencing on 6 April. The ICTR was created on 8 November 1994 by the Security Council of the United N... | Which branch of the UN created Rwanda in November 1995? | {'text': 'the Security Council of the United Nations', 'answer_start': 284} |
6,989 | 6,647 | 56d9a294dc89441400fdb663 | generic | The breed with the shortest lifespan (among breeds for which there is a questionnaire survey with a reasonable sample size) is the Dogue de Bordeaux, with a median longevity of about 5.2 years, but several breeds, including Miniature Bull Terriers, Bloodhounds, and Irish Wolfhounds are nearly as short-lived, with media... | What is the average lifespan for a Dogue de Borddeaux? | {'text': '5.2 years', 'answer_start': 183} |
117,559 | 117,217 | 5a651d20c2b11c001a425c29 | generic | The Semitic Akkadian language is first attested in proper names of the kings of Kish c. 2800 BC, preserved in later king lists. There are texts written entirely in Old Akkadian dating from c. 2500 BC. Use of Old Akkadian was at its peak during the rule of Sargon the Great (c. 2270–2215 BC), but even then most administr... | What language was used only to make the king lists? | {'text': 'Semitic Akkadian language', 'answer_start': 4} |
10,268 | 9,926 | 56de05334396321400ee2554 | generic | The Western family includes Parthian (Arsacid Pahlavi) and Middle Persian, while Bactrian, Sogdian, Khwarezmian, Saka, and Old Ossetic (Scytho-Sarmatian) fall under the Eastern category. The two languages of the Western group were linguistically very close to each other, but quite distinct from their eastern counterpar... | Where did the the alphabets used by eastern languages come from? | {'text': 'Aramaic', 'answer_start': 465} |
101,272 | 100,930 | 5a0f536adecec9001847556e | generic | At the beginning of a match, an official tosses a coin and allows the captain of the visiting team call heads or tails. The captain of the team winning the coin toss is given the option of having first choice, or of deferring first choice to the other captain. The captain making first choice may either choose a) to kic... | After the kickoff in the second half who is given first choice? | {'text': 'the captain that did not have first choice in the first half is given first choice', 'answer_start': 529} |
90,986 | 90,644 | 5728ba8eff5b5019007da58a | generic | Some rock musicians today use mandolins, often single-stringed electric models rather than double-stringed acoustic mandolins. One example is Tim Brennan of the Irish-American punk rock band Dropkick Murphys. In addition to electric guitar, bass, and drums, the band uses several instruments associated with traditional ... | What REM song uses simple mandolin licks? | {'text': 'Losing My Religion', 'answer_start': 500} |
40,606 | 40,264 | 5ad566cc5b96ef001a10ade1 | generic | By March 2011, the market share of OS X in North America had increased to slightly over 14%. Whether the size of the Mac's market share and installed base is relevant, and to whom, is a hotly debated issue. Industry pundits have often called attention to the Mac's relatively small market share to predict Apple's impend... | Being positioned as a lower end PC, what is it misleading to compare the Mac to? | {'text': 'a budget PC', 'answer_start': 598} |
115,012 | 114,670 | 57302b8004bcaa1900d772bd | generic | In addition to numerous articles on mathematics, Whitehead wrote three major books on the subject: A Treatise on Universal Algebra (1898), Principia Mathematica (co-written with Bertrand Russell and published in three volumes between 1910 and 1913), and An Introduction to Mathematics (1911). The former two books were a... | When did Whitehead write his first book? | {'text': '1898', 'answer_start': 132} |
40,015 | 39,673 | 570c4ce1b3d812140066d099 | generic | In 1173 John's elder brothers, backed by Eleanor, rose in revolt against Henry in the short-lived rebellion of 1173 to 1174. Growing irritated with his subordinate position to Henry II and increasingly worried that John might be given additional lands and castles at his expense, Henry the Young King travelled to Paris ... | Who backed John's elder brothers? | {'text': 'Eleanor', 'answer_start': 41} |
95,563 | 95,221 | 5a5537ba134fea001a0e19e1 | generic | On March 23, 2011, the CRTC rejected an application by the CBC to install a digital transmitter serving Fredricton, New Brunswick in place of the analogue transmitter serving Fredericton and Saint John, New Brunswick, which would have served only 62.5% of the population served by the existing analogue transmitter. The ... | The CRTC stated that it denied the application due to needing what? | {'text': 'more detailed cost estimates', 'answer_start': 433} |
51,941 | 51,599 | 5a85c4b0b4e223001a8e720a | generic | Chickens are medium-sized, chunky birds with an upright stance and characterised by fleshy red combs and wattles on their heads. Males, known as cocks, are usually larger, more boldly coloured, and have more exaggerated plumage than females (hens). Chickens are gregarious, omnivorous, ground-dwelling birds that in thei... | What do chickens always consume when in artificial environments? | {'text': 'seeds, invertebrates, and other small animals', 'answer_start': 376} |
72,562 | 72,220 | 57277fdcf1498d1400e8f9fa | generic | Some rock formations in the path of a glacier are sculpted into small hills called roche moutonnée, or "sheepback" rock. Roche moutonnée are elongated, rounded, and asymmetrical bedrock knobs that can be produced by glacier erosion. They range in length from less than a meter to several hundred meters long. Roche mouto... | How large are roche moutonnee? | {'text': 'less than a meter to several hundred meters long', 'answer_start': 259} |
84,245 | 83,903 | 5727f9b1ff5b5019007d99ab | generic | On 18 June 1953, the monarchy was abolished and the Republic of Egypt declared, with Naguib as its first president. According to Aburish, after assuming power, Nasser and the Free Officers expected to become the "guardians of the people's interests" against the monarchy and the pasha class while leaving the day-to-day ... | Who did Nasser want to handle the day-to-day operations of the government? | {'text': 'civilians', 'answer_start': 343} |
39,259 | 38,917 | 570c329dec8fbc190045bd85 | generic | The FBI also spied upon and collected information on Puerto Rican independence leader Pedro Albizu Campos and his Nationalist political party in the 1930s. Abizu Campos was convicted three times in connection with deadly attacks on US government officials: in 1937 (Conspiracy to overthrow the government of the United S... | Who released the Campos operation to the public? | {'text': 'Luis Gutierrez', 'answer_start': 589} |
41,407 | 41,065 | 570d257ab3d812140066d488 | generic | In the early 20th century Valencia was an industrialised city. The silk industry had disappeared, but there was a large production of hides and skins, wood, metals and foodstuffs, this last with substantial exports, particularly of wine and citrus. Small businesses predominated, but with the rapid mechanisation of indu... | What station was built in the Art Nouveau style? | {'text': 'North Station (Gare du Nord)', 'answer_start': 700} |
12,959 | 12,617 | 5ad2e5e6604f3c001a3fd91c | generic | Christianity remains the dominant religion in the Western World, where 70% are Christians. A 2011 Pew Research Center survey found that 76.2% of Europeans, 73.3% in Oceania, and about 86.0% in the Americas (90% in Latin America and 77.4% in North America) described themselves as Christians. | What do 77.4% of people in the Western World describe themselves as? | {'text': 'Christians', 'answer_start': 280} |
85,043 | 84,701 | 5a7e087170df9f001a875444 | generic | In non-relativistic classical mechanics, Newton's concept of "relative, apparent, and common time" can be used in the formulation of a prescription for the synchronization of clocks. Events seen by two different observers in motion relative to each other produce a mathematical concept of time that works sufficiently we... | Who's concept can be used to synchronize the use of electricity? | {'text': "Newton's", 'answer_start': 41} |
1,668 | 1,326 | 56cfee5d234ae51400d9c0f9 | generic | Chopin also endowed popular dance forms with a greater range of melody and expression. Chopin's mazurkas, while originating in the traditional Polish dance (the mazurek), differed from the traditional variety in that they were written for the concert hall rather than the dance hall; "it was Chopin who put the mazurka o... | Chopin was credited for making what more internationally known? | {'text': 'mazurkas', 'answer_start': 96} |
71,109 | 70,767 | 5a581030770dc0001aeeffb1 | generic | Utrecht city has an active cultural life, and in the Netherlands is second only to Amsterdam. There are several theatres and theatre companies. The 1941 main city theatre was built by Dudok. Besides theatres there is a large number of cinemas including three arthouse cinemas. Utrecht is host to the international Early ... | Who built the main city theater in the 19th century? | {'text': 'Dudok', 'answer_start': 184} |
15,621 | 15,279 | 56e071ca231d4119001ac155 | generic | Saint Helena produces what is said to be the most expensive coffee in the world. It also produces and exports Tungi Spirit, made from the fruit of the prickly or cactus pears, Opuntia ficus-indica ("Tungi" is the local St Helenian name for the plant). Ascension Island, Tristan da Cunha and Saint Helena all issue their ... | Ascension Island, Tristan da Cunha and Saint Helena all issue their own what? | {'text': 'postage stamps', 'answer_start': 324} |
42,064 | 41,722 | 5aced94e32bba1001ae4b74d | generic | The army's most common vehicle is the High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle (HMMWV), commonly called the Humvee, which is capable of serving as a cargo/troop carrier, weapons platform, and ambulance, among many other roles. While they operate a wide variety of combat support vehicles, one of the most common types ... | What does HMMWA stand for? | {'text': 'High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle', 'answer_start': 38} |
110,859 | 110,517 | 572f9d1db2c2fd1400568263 | generic | Semi-additive is the most common process: The unpatterned board has a thin layer of copper already on it. A reverse mask is then applied. (Unlike a subtractive process mask, this mask exposes those parts of the substrate that will eventually become the traces.) Additional copper is then plated onto the board in the unm... | What weight of plating is possible with copper? | {'text': 'any', 'answer_start': 357} |
117,631 | 117,289 | 5730b5b4069b531400832299 | generic | Sumerian religion seems to have been founded upon two separate cosmogenic myths. The first saw creation as the result of a series of hieros gami or sacred marriages, involving the reconciliation of opposites, postulated as a coming together of male and female divine beings; the gods. This continued to influence the who... | Who was the Lady Sacred Mountain? | {'text': 'Ninhursag', 'answer_start': 1026} |
91,026 | 90,684 | 57291034af94a219006aa017 | generic | The life cycles of insects vary but most hatch from eggs. Insect growth is constrained by the inelastic exoskeleton and development involves a series of molts. The immature stages can differ from the adults in structure, habit and habitat, and can include a passive pupal stage in those groups that undergo 4-stage metam... | The most diverse insects coevolved with what? | {'text': 'flowering plants', 'answer_start': 733} |
49,290 | 48,948 | 5ace72c132bba1001ae4a6ff | generic | Because of the difficulty of moving crude bitumen through pipelines, non-upgraded bitumen is usually diluted with natural-gas condensate in a form called dilbit or with synthetic crude oil, called synbit. However, to meet international competition, much non-upgraded bitumen is now sold as a blend of multiple grades of ... | What is non-upgraded bitumen now sold as to meet national competition? | {'text': 'a blend of multiple grades of bitumen, conventional crude oil, synthetic crude oil, and condensate in a standardized benchmark product', 'answer_start': 290} |
70,622 | 70,280 | 5ad428f1604f3c001a400922 | generic | There are four hundred securities listed on the stock exchange, of which almost three hundred are offshore funds and alternative investment structures attracted by Bermuda's regulatory environment. The Exchange specialises in listing and trading of capital market instruments such as equities, debt issues, funds (includ... | What is the BXS a full member of? | {'text': 'World Federation of Exchanges', 'answer_start': 414} |
96,751 | 96,409 | 572a45ddaf94a219006aa91d | generic | The first military unit of the Ottoman State was an army that was organized by Osman I from the tribesmen inhabiting the hills of western Anatolia in the late 13th century. The military system became an intricate organization with the advance of the Empire. The Ottoman military was a complex system of recruiting and fi... | In what century did the first Osman I organized military unit form? | {'text': '13th century', 'answer_start': 159} |
55,747 | 55,405 | 5a8475107cf838001a46a80f | generic | Despite stiff resistance from the East India lobby in parliament and from the Company's shareholders, the Act passed. It introduced substantial governmental control and allowed British India to be formally under the control of the Crown, but leased back to the Company at £40,000 for two years. Under the Act's most impo... | How many were on the council in Calcutta created by the German Government? | {'text': 'five', 'answer_start': 369} |
107,744 | 107,402 | 572eff62dfa6aa1500f8d542 | generic | Since 1898, Puerto Rico has had limited representation in the Congress in the form of a Resident Commissioner, a nonvoting delegate. The 110th Congress returned the Commissioner's power to vote in the Committee of the Whole, but not on matters where the vote would represent a decisive participation. Puerto Rico has ele... | What is the commissioner not allowed to vote on? | {'text': 'on matters where the vote would represent a decisive participation', 'answer_start': 233} |
41,894 | 41,552 | 570d5adeb3d812140066d71e | generic | The U.S. Army currently consists of 10 active divisions as well as several independent units. The force is in the process of contracting after several years of growth. In June 2013, the Army announced plans to downsize to 32 active combat brigade teams by 2015 to match a reduction in active duty strength to 490,000 sol... | By 2018, how many active Army members will there be? | {'text': '450,000', 'answer_start': 426} |
7,441 | 7,099 | 56db1df1e7c41114004b4d82 | generic | French members of Parliament and other French politicians also organised a protest. All political parties in Parliament—UMP, Socialists, New Centre, Communists, Democratic Movement (centre) and Greens—jointly requested a pause in the National Assembly's session, which was granted, so that MPs could step outside and unf... | What did the Parliamentary members yell as the relay passed? | {'text': 'Freedom for Tibet!', 'answer_start': 492} |
73,217 | 72,875 | 57272e44f1498d1400e8f446 | generic | On July 26, Truman mandated the end of hiring and employment discrimination in the federal government, reaffirming FDR's order of 1941.:40 He issued two executive orders on July 26, 1948: Executive Order 9980 and Executive Order 9981. Executive Order 9980, named Regulations Governing for Employment Practices within the... | What was the name given to Executive Order 9980? | {'text': 'Regulations Governing for Employment Practices within the Federal Establishment', 'answer_start': 263} |
57,990 | 57,648 | 5728248dff5b5019007d9df0 | generic | Students attending BYU are required to follow an honor code, which mandates behavior in line with LDS teachings such as academic honesty, adherence to dress and grooming standards, and abstinence from extramarital sex and from the consumption of drugs and alcohol. Many students (88 percent of men, 33 percent of women) ... | What is a significant portion of the BYU's operating costs subsidized by? | {'text': "the church's tithing funds", 'answer_start': 651} |
30,789 | 30,447 | 5706ef6c9e06ca38007e9225 | generic | Similar developments have taken place in other alphabets. The lower-case script for the Greek alphabet has its origins in the 7th century and acquired its quadrilinear form in the 8th century. Over time, uncial letter forms were increasingly mixed into the script. The earliest dated Greek lower-case text is the Uspensk... | Which century did the lower-case script for the Greek Alphabet originate? | {'text': '7th', 'answer_start': 126} |
15,469 | 15,127 | 56e03502231d4119001abfbf | generic | Throughout this period, Saint Helena was an important port of call of the East India Company. East Indiamen would stop there on the return leg of their voyages to British India and China. At Saint Helena ships could replenish supplies of water and provisions, and during war time, form convoys that would sail under the ... | Saint Helena was an important port of which company? | {'text': 'East India Company', 'answer_start': 74} |
38,957 | 38,615 | 5ad3a438604f3c001a3fea84 | generic | The FBI director is responsible for the day-to-day operations at the FBI. Along with his deputies, the director makes sure cases and operations are handled correctly. The director also is in charge of making sure the leadership in any one of the FBI field offices is manned with qualified agents. Before the Intelligence... | Who is responsible for briefing the FBI director? | {'text': 'President of the United States', 'answer_start': 451} |
91,093 | 90,751 | 572927373f37b3190047808e | generic | Insects can be divided into two groups historically treated as subclasses: wingless insects, known as Apterygota, and winged insects, known as Pterygota. The Apterygota consist of the primitively wingless order of the silverfish (Thysanura). Archaeognatha make up the Monocondylia based on the shape of their mandibles, ... | What is a Thysanura? | {'text': 'silverfish', 'answer_start': 218} |
62,066 | 61,724 | 5728ec424b864d19001650a4 | generic | The major agricultural product is rice, which covers about 60% of the country's total cultivated land area. Rice accounts for 97% of total food grain production by weight. Through collaboration with the International Rice Research Institute 52 modern rice varieties were released in the country between 1966 and 1997, he... | How many novel types of this crop did Burma develop as of 1997 ? | {'text': '52 modern rice varieties', 'answer_start': 241} |
109,591 | 109,249 | 572f8b45b2c2fd14005681d9 | generic | In his book, The Greatest Show on Earth: The Evidence for Evolution, biologist Richard Dawkins grapples with the question of why pain has to be so very painful. He describes the alternative as a simple, mental raising of a "red flag". To argue why that red flag might be insufficient, Dawkins explains that drives must c... | What type of designer is natural selection? | {'text': 'poor', 'answer_start': 831} |
7,870 | 7,528 | 56dc5c6214d3a41400c2680c | generic | When talking about genome composition, one should distinguish between prokaryotes and eukaryotes as the big differences on contents structure they have. In prokaryotes, most of the genome (85–90%) is non-repetitive DNA, which means coding DNA mainly forms it, while non-coding regions only take a small part. On the cont... | In what types of eukaryotes is there a large amount of non-coding DNA? | {'text': 'mammals and plants', 'answer_start': 488} |
94,059 | 93,717 | 5ad129a0645df0001a2d1011 | generic | There are also many large plants under construction. The Desert Sunlight Solar Farm under construction in Riverside County, California and Topaz Solar Farm being built in San Luis Obispo County, California are both 550 MW solar parks that will use thin-film solar photovoltaic modules made by First Solar. The Blythe Sol... | What is a 200 megawatt solar plant? | {'text': 'California Valley Solar Ranch', 'answer_start': 426} |
115,902 | 115,560 | 5ad4978fba00c4001a268cd9 | generic | Windows 8 supports a feature of the UEFI specification known as "Secure boot", which uses a public-key infrastructure to verify the integrity of the operating system and prevent unauthorized programs such as bootkits from infecting the device's boot process. Some pre-built devices may be described as "certified" by Mic... | What requirements do Microsoft uncertified devices have? | {'text': 'must have secure boot enabled by default, and provide ways for users to disable or re-configure the feature', 'answer_start': 334} |
5,002 | 4,660 | 56d09249234ae51400d9c3a0 | generic | Off-grid PV systems have traditionally used rechargeable batteries to store excess electricity. With grid-tied systems, excess electricity can be sent to the transmission grid, while standard grid electricity can be used to meet shortfalls. Net metering programs give household systems a credit for any electricity they ... | How is the credit to households accomplished? | {'text': "by 'rolling back' the meter whenever the home produces more electricity than it consumes", 'answer_start': 357} |
59,146 | 58,804 | 5acd9cf807355d001abf4823 | generic | The fast-growing I-4 corridor area, which runs through Central Florida and connects the cities of Daytona Beach, Orlando, and Tampa/St. Petersburg, has had a fairly even breakdown of Republican and Democratic voters. The area is often seen as a merging point of the conservative northern portion of the state and the lib... | What breakdown is fairly uneven? | {'text': 'Republican and Democratic voters', 'answer_start': 183} |
93,324 | 92,982 | 5a515069ce860b001aa3fcfc | generic | The debate on a new delimitation of the German territory started in 1919 as part of discussions about the new constitution. Hugo Preuss, the father of the Weimar Constitution, drafted a plan to divide the German Reich into 14 roughly equal-sized states. His proposal was turned down due to opposition of the states and c... | What made it impossible to enable new delimitation in article 18? | {'text': 'high hurdles', 'answer_start': 437} |
123,318 | 122,976 | 573265980fdd8d15006c6a84 | generic | There are more than 900 million Protestants worldwide,[ad] among approximately 2.4 billion Christians.[ae] In 2010, a total of more than 800 million included 300 million in Sub-Saharan Africa, 260 million in the Americas, 140 million in Asia-Pacific region, 100 million in Europe and 2 million in Middle East-North Afric... | What is the total population of Christians in the world? | {'text': 'approximately 2.4 billion', 'answer_start': 65} |
81,561 | 81,219 | 5a396b042f14dd001ac72315 | generic | Cambridge English Dictionary states that culture is, "the way of life, especially the general customs and beliefs, of a particular group of people at a particular time." Terror Management Theory posits that culture is a series of activities and worldviews that provide humans with the illusion of being individuals of va... | What is defined as "the way of life, especially the supernatural customs and beliefs, of a particular individual at a particular time?" | {'text': 'culture', 'answer_start': 41} |
22,373 | 22,031 | 56f7469ca6d7ea1400e17139 | generic | During the Baroque era, keyboard music played on the harpsichord and pipe organ became increasingly popular, and the violin family of stringed instruments took the form generally seen today. Opera as a staged musical drama began to differentiate itself from earlier musical and dramatic forms, and vocal forms like the c... | What became more common during the Baroque era? | {'text': 'vocal forms', 'answer_start': 298} |
99,948 | 99,606 | 5a7c9af5e8bc7e001a9e1efb | generic | Bradley was the apparent target of G. E. Moore's radical rejection of idealism. Moore claimed that Bradley did not understand the statement that something is real. We know for certain, through common sense and prephilosophical beliefs, that some things are real, whether they are objects of thought or not, according to ... | Who did Bradley target? | {'text': 'G. E. Moore', 'answer_start': 35} |
55,613 | 55,271 | 5726572af1498d1400e8dc80 | generic | In 1634, the Mughal emperor extended his hospitality to the English traders to the region of Bengal, and in 1717 completely waived customs duties for the trade. The company's mainstay businesses were by then cotton, silk, indigo dye, saltpetre, and tea. The Dutch were aggressive competitors and had meanwhile expanded t... | what wars was a result of the competitive nature of the mulitple trading companies in the 17th and 18th centuries? | {'text': 'Anglo-Dutch Wars', 'answer_start': 577} |
65,193 | 64,851 | 5ad0f8b2645df0001a2d0915 | generic | The distinctive characteristic of Italian Gothic is the use of polychrome decoration, both externally as marble veneer on the brick façade and also internally where the arches are often made of alternating black and white segments, and where the columns may be painted red, the walls decorated with frescoes and the apse... | What color are the columns of Italian Gothic cathedrals always painted? | {'text': 'red', 'answer_start': 269} |
120,706 | 120,364 | 57313b47e6313a140071cd59 | generic | Rothko also began using the new synthetic pigments, but not always with happy results. In 1962 he donated to Harvard University a series of large murals of the Passion of Christ whose predominant colors were dark pink and deep crimson. He mixed mostly traditional colors to make the pink and crimson; synthetic ultramari... | To whom did Rothko donate Passion of Christ murals? | {'text': 'Harvard University', 'answer_start': 109} |
17,302 | 16,960 | 56e11684cd28a01900c67583 | generic | The word Catalan derives from the territory of Catalonia, itself of disputed etymology. The main theory suggests that Catalunya (Latin Gathia Launia) derives from the name Gothia or Gauthia ("Land of the Goths"), since the origins of the Catalan counts, lords and people were found in the March of Gothia, whence Gothlan... | What is Catalan the derivitive of? | {'text': 'Catalonia', 'answer_start': 350} |
115,167 | 114,825 | 5ad3ccb6604f3c001a3ff155 | generic | In Whitehead's view, then, concepts such as "quality", "matter", and "form" are problematic. These "classical" concepts fail to adequately account for change, and overlook the active and experiential nature of the most basic elements of the world. They are useful abstractions, but are not the world's basic building blo... | What basic concepts did Whitehead believe were not questionable? | {'text': '"quality", "matter", and "form"', 'answer_start': 44} |
44,882 | 44,540 | 57102005a58dae1900cd68c9 | generic | Of all the questions on the scale, Sell considered those assessing sexual attraction to be the most important as sexual attraction is a better reflection of the concept of sexual orientation which he defined as "extent of sexual attractions toward members of the other, same, both sexes or neither" than either sexual id... | What is a huge concern for SASO? | {'text': 'the reliability and validity remains largely unexamined.', 'answer_start': 568} |
42,085 | 41,743 | 570d367efed7b91900d45d21 | generic | The first action of the Franco-Prussian War took place on 4 August 1870. This battle saw the unsupported division of General Douay of I Corps, with some attached cavalry, which was posted to watch the border, attacked in overwhelming but uncoordinated fashion by the German 3rd Army. During the day, elements of a Bavari... | Who initially held a strong position during the battle at the border? | {'text': 'General Douay of I Corps', 'answer_start': 117} |
32,067 | 31,725 | 57097a0bed30961900e841cb | generic | Like aluminium, copper is 100% recyclable without any loss of quality, regardless of whether it is in a raw state or contained in a manufactured product. In volume, copper is the third most recycled metal after iron and aluminium. It is estimated that 80% of the copper ever mined is still in use today. According to the... | What percentage of copper that has been mined is still being used today? | {'text': '80%', 'answer_start': 252} |
88,711 | 88,369 | 5a3c86ebcc5d22001a521df9 | generic | Likewise, Émile Durkheim was one of the earliest to suggest that gods represent an extension of human social life to include supernatural beings. In line with this reasoning, psychologist Matt Rossano contends that when humans began living in larger groups, they may have created gods as a means of enforcing morality. I... | Where is it harder to build cooperative groups? | {'text': 'in much larger groups', 'answer_start': 475} |
55,336 | 54,994 | 57263f3489a1e219009ac5c9 | generic | In response, Shell filed lawsuits to seek injunctions from possible protests, and Benjamin Jealous of the NAACP and Radford argued that the legal action was "trampling American's rights." According to Greenpeace, Shell lodged a request with Google to ban video footage of a Greenpeace protest action that occurred at the... | Jealous and Radford asserted that the legal action taken by Shell was what? | {'text': '"trampling American\'s rights."', 'answer_start': 157} |
36,711 | 36,369 | 570b28f1ec8fbc190045b89b | generic | At the 2007, 2008, and 2009 Consumer Electronics Shows, Microsoft had announced that IPTV services would soon be made available to use through the Xbox 360. In 2007, Microsoft chairman Bill Gates stated that IPTV on Xbox 360 was expected to be available to consumers by the holiday season, using the Microsoft TV IPTV Ed... | Which Microsoft executive announced IPTV as "soon" in 2007? | {'text': 'Bill Gates', 'answer_start': 185} |
383 | 41 | 56be892d3aeaaa14008c908d | generic | Beyoncé Giselle Knowles was born in Houston, Texas, to Celestine Ann "Tina" Knowles (née Beyincé), a hairdresser and salon owner, and Mathew Knowles, a Xerox sales manager. Beyoncé's name is a tribute to her mother's maiden name. Beyoncé's younger sister Solange is also a singer and a former member of Destiny's Child. ... | What race was Beyonce's father? | {'text': 'African-American', 'answer_start': 330} |
54,516 | 54,174 | 5726d791f1498d1400e8ecc2 | generic | Early court cases focused on the liability of Internet service providers (ISPs) for hosting, transmitting or publishing user-supplied content that could be actioned under civil or criminal law, such as libel, defamation, or pornography. As different content was considered in different legal systems, and in the absence ... | Who did early court cases focus on? | {'text': 'Internet service providers', 'answer_start': 46} |
30,823 | 30,481 | 5707066b9e06ca38007e92b3 | generic | In Latin, papyri from Herculaneum dating before 79 AD (when it was destroyed) have been found that have been written in old Roman cursive, where the early forms of minuscule letters "d", "h" and "r", for example, can already be recognised. According to papyrologist Knut Kleve, "The theory, then, that the lower-case let... | Which continents languages with few exceptions generally did not utilize case distinction until about the year 1300? | {'text': 'Europe', 'answer_start': 730} |
5,757 | 5,415 | 56d1e81be7d4791d00902429 | generic | The best-known application of the concept of pratītyasamutpāda is the scheme of Twelve Nidānas (from Pāli "nidāna" meaning "cause, foundation, source or origin"), which explain the continuation of the cycle of suffering and rebirth (saṃsāra) in detail.[note 10] | An application of the idea of pratityasamutpada is the scheme of what? | {'text': 'Twelve Nidānas', 'answer_start': 80} |
117,546 | 117,204 | 5730ab9c396df9190009626b | generic | Although short-lived, one of the first empires known to history was that of Eannatum of Lagash, who annexed practically all of Sumer, including Kish, Uruk, Ur, and Larsa, and reduced to tribute the city-state of Umma, arch-rival of Lagash. In addition, his realm extended to parts of Elam and along the Persian Gulf. He ... | What city-state was the rival of Lagash? | {'text': 'Umma', 'answer_start': 212} |
20,305 | 19,963 | 5acf5ed177cf76001a684c91 | generic | The University of Kansas Medical Center features three schools: the School of Medicine, School of Nursing, and School of Health Professions. Furthermore, each of the three schools has its own programs of graduate study. As of the Fall 2013 semester, there were 3,349 students enrolled at KU Med. The Medical Center also ... | What does each of the component schools of KU's Medical Center not offer? | {'text': 'its own programs of graduate study', 'answer_start': 184} |
57,249 | 56,907 | 5726b6b4f1498d1400e8e887 | generic | The Russians avoided Napoleon's objective of a decisive engagement and instead retreated deeper into Russia. A brief attempt at resistance was made at Smolensk in August; the Russians were defeated in a series of battles, and Napoleon resumed his advance. The Russians again avoided battle, although in a few cases this ... | What methods used by the Russian army made it hard for the French to find food? | {'text': 'scorched earth tactics', 'answer_start': 452} |
105,624 | 105,282 | 5a876fda1d3cee001a6a1199 | generic | Vacuum is space void of matter. The word stems from the Latin adjective vacuus for "vacant" or "void". An approximation to such vacuum is a region with a gaseous pressure much less than atmospheric pressure. Physicists often discuss ideal test results that would occur in a perfect vacuum, which they sometimes simply ca... | What is the definition of atmospheric pressure? | {'text': 'a region with a gaseous pressure', 'answer_start': 138} |
54,496 | 54,154 | 5ad00efa77cf76001a68682d | generic | In some countries, the personal copying exemption explicitly requires that the content being copied was obtained legitimately – i.e., from authorized sources, not file-sharing networks. Other countries, such as the Netherlands, make no such distinction; the exemption there had been assumed, even by the government, to a... | In which country is uploading from a file-sharing network no longer legal? | {'text': 'Netherlands', 'answer_start': 642} |
31,190 | 30,848 | 57080bf29928a814004714bf | generic | The line of imams of the Mustali Ismaili Shia Muslims (also known as the Bohras/Dawoodi Bohra) continued up to Aamir ibn Mustali. After his death, they believe their 21st Imam Taiyab abi al-Qasim went into a Dawr-e-Satr (period of concealment) that continues to this day. In the absence of an imam they are led by a Dai-... | What does a Dai-al-Mutlaq do? | {'text': 'manages the affairs of the Imam', 'answer_start': 356} |
7,732 | 7,390 | 56d9868bdc89441400fdb4ee | generic | On April 17, Xinhua condemned what it called "biased coverage of the Lhasa riots and the Olympic torch relay by the U.S.-based Cable News Network (CNN)". The same day, the Chinese government called on CNN to "apologise" for having allegedly insulted the Chinese people, and for "attempting to incite the Chinese people a... | Who did Xinhua accuse of biased reporting on April 17? | {'text': 'CNN', 'answer_start': 147} |
33,702 | 33,360 | 570a6d794103511400d596e9 | generic | Beer was spread through Europe by Germanic and Celtic tribes as far back as 3000 BC, and it was mainly brewed on a domestic scale. The product that the early Europeans drank might not be recognised as beer by most people today. Alongside the basic starch source, the early European beers might contain fruits, honey, num... | Who was believed to have added hops to beer in 1067? | {'text': 'Abbess Hildegard', 'answer_start': 542} |
95,950 | 95,608 | 5729c937af94a219006aa61d | generic | Other major campus installations include towers in Montreal, Paris, and Atlanta; software labs in Raleigh-Durham, Rome, Cracow and Toronto; Johannesburg, Seattle; and facilities in Hakozaki and Yamato. The company also operates the IBM Scientific Center, Hursley House, the Canada Head Office Building, IBM Rochester, an... | The 330 North Wabash Building was recognized with what award? | {'text': '1990 Honor Award', 'answer_start': 656} |
75,671 | 75,329 | 5727b2d43acd2414000dea0f | generic | North Carolina has rich traditions in art, music, and cuisine. The nonprofit arts and culture industry generates $1.2 billion in direct economic activity in North Carolina, supporting more than 43,600 full-time equivalent jobs and generating $119 million in revenue for local governments and the state of North Carolina.... | How much money does the North Carolina Museum of art generate? | {'text': 'millions', 'answer_start': 502} |
112,661 | 112,319 | 5731e83d0fdd8d15006c6639 | generic | Before the attack on Pearl Harbor, the 800,000-member America First Committee vehemently opposed any American intervention in the European conflict, even as America sold military aid to Britain and the Soviet Union through the Lend-Lease program. Opposition to war in the U.S. vanished after the attack. On 8 December, t... | When did the United States declare war on Japan? | {'text': '8 December', 'answer_start': 307} |
89,578 | 89,236 | 5728b9462ca10214002da67c | generic | The Riigikogu elects and appoints several high officials of the state, including the President of the Republic. In addition to that, the Riigikogu appoints, on the proposal of the President of Estonia, the Chairman of the National Court, the chairman of the board of the Bank of Estonia, the Auditor General, the Legal C... | Who chooses high state officials of Estonia? | {'text': 'The Riigikogu', 'answer_start': 0} |
8,907 | 8,565 | 5a6b036ba9e0c9001a4e9e60 | generic | Information had been kept on digital tape for five years, with Kahle occasionally allowing researchers and scientists to tap into the clunky database. When the archive reached its fifth anniversary, it was unveiled and opened to the public in a ceremony at the University of California, Berkeley. | What medium was originally used to keep California's data? | {'text': 'digital tape', 'answer_start': 29} |
34,453 | 34,111 | 5a10542fdecec90018475628 | generic | The Great Garden is an important European baroque garden. The palace itself, however, was largely destroyed by Allied bombing but is currently under reconstruction.[citation needed] Some points of interest are the Grotto (the interior was designed by the French artist Niki de Saint-Phalle), the Gallery Building, the Or... | What was destroyed by axis bombing and currently under reconstruction? | {'text': 'The palace', 'answer_start': 58} |
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