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Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) are required to create an Endangered Species Recovery Plan outlining the goals, tasks required, likely costs, and estimated timeline to recover endangered species (i.e., increase their numbers and improve their management to the point where th...
What length of time does the NMFS policy say plans must be completed by?
{'text': 'three years', 'answer_start': 480}
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The breakup of the Carolingian Empire was accompanied by invasions, migrations, and raids by external foes. The Atlantic and northern shores were harassed by the Vikings, who also raided the British Isles and settled there as well as in Iceland. In 911, the Viking chieftain Rollo (d. c. 931) received permission from th...
What group was defeated at the Battle of Lechfeld?
{'text': 'Magyar', 'answer_start': 501}
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Intelligence is an important factor in how the individual responds to education. Those who have higher intelligence tend to perform better at school and go on to higher levels of education. This effect is also observable in the opposite direction, in that education increases measurable intelligence. Studies have shown ...
What does education increase in a student?
{'text': 'measurable intelligence', 'answer_start': 276}
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The local government continuously strives for a reduction of massive traffic congestion, and has increased incentives for making a bicycle-friendly city. This includes North America's second-largest bicycle sharing system, EcoBici, launched in 2010, in which registered residents can get bicycles for 45 minutes with a p...
What do they call the bike paths in Mexico City?
{'text': 'Ciclovías', 'answer_start': 646}
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Uranium-238 is the most stable isotope of uranium, with a half-life of about 4.468×109 years, roughly the age of the Earth. Uranium-235 has a half-life of about 7.13×108 years, and uranium-234 has a half-life of about 2.48×105 years. For natural uranium, about 49% of its alpha rays are emitted by each of 238U atom, and...
What percentage of the alpha rays of natural uranium are emitted by 234U?
{'text': '49%', 'answer_start': 326}
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The majority of Freemasonry considers the Liberal (Continental) strand to be Irregular, and thus withhold recognition. For the Continental lodges, however, having a different approach to Freemasonry was not a reason for severing masonic ties. In 1961, an umbrella organisation, Centre de Liaison et d'Information des Pui...
What is the Continental Strand consideres to be by most of Freemasonry?
{'text': 'Irregular', 'answer_start': 77}
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The concept of emissivity is important in understanding the infrared emissions of objects. This is a property of a surface that describes how its thermal emissions deviate from the ideal of a black body. To further explain, two objects at the same physical temperature will not show the same infrared image if they have ...
What shows the same image of two objects with differing emissivity?
{'text': 'infrared image', 'answer_start': 292}
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On April 26, 1988, about 500 people participated in a march organized by the Ukrainian Cultural Club on Kiev's Khreschatyk Street to mark the second anniversary of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster, carrying placards with slogans like "Openness and Democracy to the End." Between May and June 1988, Ukrainian Catholics in w...
Where did the march happen?
{'text': "Kiev's Khreschatyk Street", 'answer_start': 104}
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The Republic of Liberia, beginning as a settlement of the American Colonization Society (ACS), declared its independence on July 26, 1847. The United States did not recognize Liberia's independence until during the American Civil War on February 5, 1862. Between January 7, 1822 and the American Civil War, more than 15,...
How did the republic of liberia begin?
{'text': 'as a settlement of the American Colonization Society (ACS)', 'answer_start': 35}
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Most historians[who?] consider Caliph Muawiyah (661–80) to have been the second ruler of the Umayyad dynasty, even though he was the first to assert the Umayyads' right to rule on a dynastic principle. It was really the caliphate of Uthman Ibn Affan (644–656), a member of Umayyad clan himself, that witnessed the reviva...
Who was the second ruler to asset the Umayyads' right to rule on dynastic principal?
{'text': 'Caliph Muawiyah', 'answer_start': 31}
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The early Manchu rulers also established two foundations of legitimacy which help to explain the stability of their dynasty. The first was the bureaucratic institutions and the neo-Confucian culture which they adopted from earlier dynasties. Manchu rulers and Han Chinese scholar-official elites gradually came to terms ...
What Christians did Kangxi allow in his court?
{'text': 'Jesuit missionaries', 'answer_start': 1209}
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From 1966, Witness publications and convention talks built anticipation of the possibility that Christ's thousand-year reign might begin in late 1975 or shortly thereafter. The number of baptisms increased significantly, from about 59,000 in 1966 to more than 297,000 in 1974. By 1975, the number of active members excee...
What was one of the major changes that occurred in 1975?
{'text': "Christ's thousand-year reign", 'answer_start': 96}
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During the Napoleonic Occupation of Spain, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a Catholic priest of progressive ideas, declared Mexican independence in the small town of Dolores, Guanajuato on September 16, 1810 with a proclamation known as the "Grito de Dolores". Hidalgo built a large support among intellectuals, liberal pries...
What was the name of the Proclamation?
{'text': 'Grito de Dolores', 'answer_start': 237}
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TCM regularly airs a "Star of the Month" throughout the year on Wednesdays starting at 8:00 p.m. Eastern Time, in which most, if not all, feature films from a classic film star are shown during that night's schedule. Hosted by Robert Osbourne, the network also marks the occurrence of a film actor's birthday (either ant...
On what day of the week are Star of the Month films aired?
{'text': 'Wednesdays', 'answer_start': 64}
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Life with My Sister Madonna, a book by Madonna's brother Christopher, debuted at number two on The New York Times bestseller list. The book caused some friction between Madonna and her brother, because of the unsolicited publication. Problems also arose between Madonna and Ritchie, with the media reporting that they we...
When was the divorce finalized between Madonna and Ritchie?
{'text': 'December 2008', 'answer_start': 461}
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In Canada, "college" generally refers to a two-year, non-degree-granting institution, while "university" connotes a four-year, degree-granting institution. Universities may be sub-classified (as in the Macleans rankings) into large research universities with many PhD granting programs and medical schools (for example, ...
A college teaches students for how many years in Canada?
{'text': 'two', 'answer_start': 43}
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As a result of the three Carnatic Wars, the British East India Company gained exclusive control over the entire Carnatic region of India. The Company soon expanded its territories around its bases in Bombay and Madras; the Anglo-Mysore Wars (1766–1799) and later the Anglo-Maratha Wars (1772–1818) led to control of the ...
After the sale of Kashmir, what did the area become?
{'text': 'princely state', 'answer_start': 682}
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Traditionally the Rajputs, Jats, Meenas, Gurjars, Bhils, Rajpurohit, Charans, Yadavs, Bishnois, Sermals, PhulMali (Saini) and other tribes made a great contribution in building the state of Rajasthan. All these tribes suffered great difficulties in protecting their culture and the land. Millions of them were killed try...
The Jats assisted in building what state?
{'text': 'Rajasthan', 'answer_start': 190}
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At the end of the 12th century, Europe was divided into a multitude of city states and kingdoms. The area encompassing modern Germany, southern Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Austria, Slovakia, Czech Republic and much of northern Italy (excluding Venice and Papal State) was nominally part o...
What league affected trade connections with Peru?
{'text': 'the Hanseatic League', 'answer_start': 775}
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Following the glass batch preparation and mixing, the raw materials are transported to the furnace. Soda-lime glass for mass production is melted in gas fired units. Smaller scale furnaces for specialty glasses include electric melters, pot furnaces, and day tanks. After melting, homogenization and refining (removal of...
Who were the inventors of the float glass process?
{'text': 'Alastair Pilkington and Kenneth Bickerstaff', 'answer_start': 477}
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In South Africa, a "two apex" system existed from 1994 to 2013. The Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA) was created in 1994 and replaced the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of South Africa as the highest court of appeal in non-constitutional matters. The SCA is subordinate to the Constitutional Court, which is the hi...
When did the Constitutional Court become the highest court in South Africa in all matters?
{'text': 'August 2013', 'answer_start': 416}
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Athanasius knew Greek and admitted not knowing Hebrew [see, e.g., the 39th Festal Letter of St. Athan.]. The Old Testament passages he quotes frequently come from the Septuagint Greek translation. Only rarely did he use other Greek versions (to Aquila once in the Ecthesis, to other versions once or twice on the Psalms)...
What letter did Athanasius write in Hebrew?
{'text': 'the 39th Festal Letter of St. Athan', 'answer_start': 66}
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His family was long associated with the teaching of elocution: his grandfather, Alexander Bell, in London, his uncle in Dublin, and his father, in Edinburgh, were all elocutionists. His father published a variety of works on the subject, several of which are still well known, especially his The Standard Elocutionist (1...
The Standard Elocutionist was printed how many times?
{'text': '168', 'answer_start': 401}
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The context-sensitive button mechanic allows one button to serve a variety of functions, such as talking, opening doors, and pushing, pulling, and throwing objects.[e] The on-screen display shows what action, if any, the button will trigger, determined by the situation. For example, if Link is holding a rock, the conte...
If Link is not moving, where will he put the projectile he's carrying?
{'text': 'on the ground', 'answer_start': 441}
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Turner Classic Movies also airs regularly scheduled weekly film blocks, which are periodically preempted for special themed month-long or seasonal scheduling events, such as the "31 Days of Oscar" film series in the month preceding the Academy Awards and the month-long "Summer Under the Stars" in August; all featured p...
On what day does 31 Days of Oscar have its first airing each week?
{'text': 'Saturday', 'answer_start': 544}
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American comic books have adopted the character type for stories of their own like the mutant-villain Silver Samurai of Marvel Comics. The design of this character preserves the samurai appearance; the villain is “Clad in traditional gleaming samurai armor and wielding an energy charged katana” (Buxton, 2013). Not only...
Who starred in The Last Samurai?
{'text': 'Tom Cruise', 'answer_start': 738}
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The commercial rivalry between RCA Victor and Columbia Records led to RCA Victor's introduction of what it had intended to be a competing vinyl format, the 7-inch (175 mm) 45 rpm disc. For a two-year period from 1948 to 1950, record companies and consumers faced uncertainty over which of these formats would ultimately ...
Over which years did the "War of the Speeds" last?
{'text': '1948 to 1950', 'answer_start': 212}
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Public notice is given through legal notices in newspapers, and communicated to state and county agencies within the species' area. Foreign nations may also receive notice of a listing. A public hearing is mandatory if any person has requested one within 45 days of the published notice. "The purpose of the notice and c...
How are policy changes communicated to state and counties?
{'text': 'legal notices in newspapers', 'answer_start': 31}
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Bitumen was used in early photographic technology. In 1826 or 1827, it was used by French scientist Joseph Nicéphore Niépce to make the oldest surviving photograph from nature. The bitumen was thinly coated onto a pewter plate which was then exposed in a camera. Exposure to light hardened the bitumen and made it insolu...
When did the Spanish scientist use bitumen to make a photograph from nature?
{'text': '1826 or 1827', 'answer_start': 54}
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Molecular studies based on DNA analysis have suggested new relationships among mammal families over the last few years. Most of these findings have been independently validated by retrotransposon presence/absence data. Classification systems based on molecular studies reveal three major groups or lineages of placental ...
Where did Euarchontoglires and Laurasiatheria come from?
{'text': 'early common ancestors in the Cretaceous', 'answer_start': 391}
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The Soviet Union challenged the legitimacy of the war for several reasons. The ROK Army intelligence upon which Resolution 83 was based came from U.S. Intelligence; North Korea was not invited as a sitting temporary member of the UN, which violated UN Charter Article 32; and the Korean conflict was beyond the UN Charte...
How many permanent members did the UN Security Council have?
{'text': 'five', 'answer_start': 581}
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In late December, Barcelona's appeal to the Court of Arbitration for Sport was unsuccessful and the original transfer ban was reinstated, leaving the club unable to utilise the 2015 winter and summer transfer windows. On 5 January 2015, Zubizareta was sacked by the board after 4 years as director of football. The next ...
After firing the director, what did Barcelona form?
{'text': 'Football Area Technical Commission', 'answer_start': 370}
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It was not until the Northern and Southern dynasties that regular script rose to dominant status. During that period, regular script continued evolving stylistically, reaching full maturity in the early Tang dynasty. Some call the writing of the early Tang calligrapher Ouyang Xun (557–641) the first mature regular scri...
What were the North and South considered as?
{'text': 'dynasties', 'answer_start': 43}
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The purpose of these instruments was to address the various forms of corruption (involving the public sector, the private sector, the financing of political activities, etc.) whether they had a strictly domestic or also a transnational dimension. To monitor the implementation at national level of the requirements and p...
What is the name of the French equivalent of GRECO?
{'text': "Groupe d'Etats contre la corruption", 'answer_start': 450}
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Dell's manufacturing process covers assembly, software installation, functional testing (including "burn-in"), and quality control. Throughout most of the company's history, Dell manufactured desktop machines in-house and contracted out manufacturing of base notebooks for configuration in-house. The company's approach ...
When did Dell describe their changing approach to manufacturing?
{'text': '2006', 'answer_start': 349}
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A government report covered by the Guardian in 2002 indicates that between 1940 and 1979, the Ministry of Defence "turned large parts of the country into a giant laboratory to conduct a series of secret germ warfare tests on the public" and many of these tests "involved releasing potentially dangerous chemicals and mic...
What are the children of some families in the area of the testing experiencing?
{'text': 'children with birth defects and physical and mental handicaps', 'answer_start': 593}
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From 1228, after of the Livonian Crusade, through the 1560s, Estonia was part of Terra Mariana, established on 2 February 1207 as a principality of the Holy Roman Empire and proclaimed by Pope Innocent III in 1215 as subject to the Holy See. The southern parts of the country were conquered by Livonian Brothers of the S...
When was Terra Mariana established?
{'text': '2 February 1207', 'answer_start': 111}
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Some 97 percent of male BYU graduates and 32 percent of female graduates took a hiatus from their undergraduate studies at one point to serve as LDS missionaries. In October 2012, the LDS Church announced at its general conference that young men could serve a mission after they turn 18 and have graduated from high scho...
When can female students begin their missionary service now instead of 18?
{'text': 'anytime after turning 19', 'answer_start': 637}
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The Interstate Highway System is officially known as the 'Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways' in his honor. It was inspired in part by Eisenhower's own Army experiences in World War II, where he recognized the advantages of the autobahn systems in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. ...
Along with Germany and Switzerland, what country contained an autobahn during the Second World War?
{'text': 'Austria', 'answer_start': 294}
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The Enlightenment has always been contested territory. Its supporters "hail it as the source of everything that is progressive about the modern world. For them, it stands for freedom of thought, rational inquiry, critical thinking, religious tolerance, political liberty, scientific achievement, the pursuit of happiness...
Which type of philosophers argued that excessive dependence on reason was a mistake perpetuated by the Enlightenment?
{'text': 'Romantic', 'answer_start': 803}
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The history of Latin canon law can be divided into four periods: the jus antiquum, the jus novum, the jus novissimum and the Code of Canon Law. In relation to the Code, history can be divided into the jus vetus (all law before the Code) and the jus novum (the law of the Code, or jus codicis).
What is the name for the time preceding the Code of Canon Law?
{'text': 'the jus vetus', 'answer_start': 197}
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Even prior to the penetration of European interests, Southeast Asia was a critical part of the world trading system. A wide range of commodities originated in the region, but especially important were spices such as pepper, ginger, cloves, and nutmeg. The spice trade initially was developed by Indian and Arab merchants...
Who became an important part of the world trading system after the penetration of European interests?
{'text': 'Southeast Asia', 'answer_start': 53}
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Beginning in 2005, the CBC has contributed production funds for the BBC Wales revival of Doctor Who, for which it received a special credit at the end of each episode. This arrangement continued until the end of fourth season, broadcast in 2008. The CBC similarly contributed to the first season of the spin-off series, ...
What Doctor Who spinoff only lasted 2 seasons?
{'text': 'Torchwood.', 'answer_start': 320}
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As the European population was severely reduced, land became more plentiful for the survivors, and labour consequently more expensive. Attempts by landowners to forcibly reduce wages, such as the English 1351 Statute of Laborers, were doomed to fail. These efforts resulted in nothing more than fostering resentment amon...
In what year did the English Peasants' Revolt occur?
{'text': '1381', 'answer_start': 432}
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Events in America influenced British policy in Canada, where between 40,000 and 100,000 defeated Loyalists had migrated from America following independence. The 14,000 Loyalists who went to the Saint John and Saint Croix river valleys, then part of Nova Scotia, felt too far removed from the provincial government in Hal...
Which act created the Upper Canada provinces?
{'text': 'The Constitutional Act of 1791', 'answer_start': 390}
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However, since the end of the Cold War, as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has moved much of its defence focus "out of area", the Canadian military has also become more deeply engaged in international security operations in various other parts of the world – most notably in Afghanistan since 2002.
What country began war in 2002?
{'text': 'Afghanistan', 'answer_start': 289}
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Genre fiction also showed it could question reality in its 20th century forms, in spite of its fixed formulas, through the enquiries of the skeptical detective and the alternative realities of science fiction. The separation of "mainstream" and "genre" forms (including journalism) continued to blur during the period up...
What sub-group of literature emerged in the 21st century?
{'text': 'Genre fiction', 'answer_start': 0}
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Stockton and Kearny went on to recover Los Angeles and force the capitulation of Alta California with the "Treaty of Cahuenga" on January 13, 1847. As a result of the Mexican–American War of 1846–48, the territory of Alta California, including San Diego, was ceded to the United States by Mexico, under the terms of the ...
What was the name of the treaty developed between Mexico and the United States in 1884?
{'text': 'Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo', 'answer_start': 320}
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The FBI Laboratory, established with the formation of the BOI, did not appear in the J. Edgar Hoover Building until its completion in 1974. The lab serves as the primary lab for most DNA, biological, and physical work. Public tours of FBI headquarters ran through the FBI laboratory workspace before the move to the J. E...
When did the FBI Laboratory close?
{'text': '1974', 'answer_start': 134}
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In some cases this is done in a more extreme manner, not simply to cancel a small amount of residual reactance, but to resonate an antenna whose resonance frequency is quite different from the intended frequency of operation. For instance, a "whip antenna" can be made significantly shorter than 1/4 wavelength long, for...
Where is the resistance seen on the loading foil?
{'text': 'feedpoint', 'answer_start': 637}
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Rajasthan's economy is primarily agricultural and pastoral. Wheat and barley are cultivated over large areas, as are pulses, sugarcane, and oilseeds. Cotton and tobacco are the state's cash crops. Rajasthan is among the largest producers of edible oils in India and the second largest producer of oilseeds. Rajasthan is ...
The Rajasthan economy is largely composed of what type of industries?
{'text': 'agricultural and pastoral', 'answer_start': 33}
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Korean Presbyterian denominations are active in evangelism and many of its missionaries are being sent overseas, being the second biggest missionary sender in the world after the United States. GSM, the missionary body of the "Hapdong" General Assembly of Presbyterian Churches of Korea, is the single largest Presbyteri...
Which muslim country does Korea have a Presbyterian church in?
{'text': 'Saudi Arabia', 'answer_start': 588}
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The northeastern Puntland region has around six private radio stations, including Radio Garowe, Radio Daljir, Radio Codka-Nabbada and Radio Codka-Mudug. Radio Gaalkacyo, formerly known as Radio Free Somalia, operates from Galkayo in the north-central Mudug province. Additionally, the Somaliland region in the northwest ...
How many public radio stations does northeast Puntland have?
{'text': 'six private radio stations', 'answer_start': 44}
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PAL LaserDiscs have a slightly longer playing time than NTSC discs, but have fewer audio options. PAL discs only have two audio tracks, consisting of either two analog-only tracks on older PAL LDs, or two digital-only tracks on newer discs. In comparison, later NTSC LDs are capable of carrying four tracks (two analog a...
Which two audio options are available on PAL LaserDiscs?
{'text': 'two analog-only tracks on older PAL LDs, or two digital-only tracks on newer discs', 'answer_start': 157}
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Several scholars have suggested that the Prajñāpāramitā sūtras, which are among the earliest Mahāyāna sūtras, developed among the Mahāsāṃghika along the Kṛṣṇa River in the Āndhra region of South India.
Which sutras are among the earliest Mahayana sutras?
{'text': 'Prajñāpāramitā', 'answer_start': 41}
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Some viruses store their entire genomes in the form of RNA, and contain no DNA at all. Because they use RNA to store genes, their cellular hosts may synthesize their proteins as soon as they are infected and without the delay in waiting for transcription. On the other hand, RNA retroviruses, such as HIV, require the re...
What is one type of an RNA retrovirus?
{'text': 'HIV', 'answer_start': 301}
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St. John's is served by St. John's International Airport (YYT), located 10 minutes northwest of the downtown core. In 2011, roughly 1,400,000 passengers travelled through the airport making it the second busiest airport in Atlantic Canada in passenger volume. Regular destinations include Halifax, Montreal, Ottawa, Toro...
What airport is approximately 10 minutes northwest of the downtown core?
{'text': "St. John's International", 'answer_start': 24}
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Attempts are frequently made to regulate emotion according to the conventions of the society and the situation based on many (sometimes conflicting) demands and expectations which originate from various entities. The emotion of anger is in many cultures discouraged in girls and women, while fear is discouraged in boys ...
What emotion do political campaigns not appeal to in regard to terrorism?
{'text': 'fear', 'answer_start': 1013}
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In 361, after the death of Emperor Constantius, shortly followed by the murder of the very unpopular Bishop George, Athanasius returned to his patriarchate. The following year he convened a council at Alexandria, and presided over it with Eusebius of Vercelli. Athanasius appealed for unity among all those who had faith...
What happened in 362?
{'text': 'death of Emperor Constantius', 'answer_start': 18}
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Pan-Germanism's origins began in the early 19th century following the Napoleonic Wars. The wars launched a new movement that was born in France itself during the French Revolution. Nationalism during the 19th century threatened the old aristocratic regimes. Many ethnic groups of Central and Eastern Europe had been divi...
Who was threatened by Nationalism?
{'text': 'aristocratic regimes', 'answer_start': 236}
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There is some controversy surrounding the effect of dietary fat on the development of cardiovascular disease. People are often advised to keep a diet where less than 30% of the energy intake derives from fat, a diet that contains less than 7% of the energy intake in the form of saturated fat, and a diet that contains l...
What percentage of mono-polyunsaturated fat should make up a person's daily energy requirements?
{'text': '30%', 'answer_start': 166}
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PlayStation Portable can connect with PlayStation 3 in many ways, including in-game connectivity. For example, Formula One Championship Edition, a racing game, was shown at E3 2006 using a PSP as a real-time rear-view mirror. In addition, users are able to download original PlayStation format games from the PlayStation...
What's the name of the feature that would let you play a game on your PSP without having it with you?
{'text': 'Remote Play', 'answer_start': 412}
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Tort law covers the entire imaginable spectrum of wrongs which humans can inflict upon each other, and of course, partially overlaps with wrongs also punishable by criminal law. Although the American Law Institute has attempted to standardize tort law through the development of several versions of the Restatement of To...
What does tort law overlap with?
{'text': 'wrongs also punishable by criminal law', 'answer_start': 138}
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Politically, Calvin favoured a mixture of aristocracy and democracy. He appreciated the advantages of democracy: "It is an invaluable gift, if God allows a people to freely elect its own authorities and overlords." Calvin also thought that earthly rulers lose their divine right and must be put down when they rise up ag...
What philosophers were given asylum?
{'text': 'Baruch Spinoza and Pierre Bayle', 'answer_start': 773}
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The emergence of Vedanta school represented a period when a more knowledge-centered understanding began to emerge. These focussed on jnana (knowledge) driven aspects of the Vedic religion and the Upanishads. This included metaphysical concepts such as ātman and Brahman, and emphasized meditation, self-discipline, self-...
On what aspects of Vedic did the Vedanta understanding focus?
{'text': 'jnana', 'answer_start': 133}
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Above the sessions exist presbyteries, which have area responsibilities. These are composed of teaching elders and ruling elders from each of the constituent congregations. The presbytery sends representatives to a broader regional or national assembly, generally known as the General Assembly, although an intermediate ...
What has the Church of America abolished?
{'text': 'the Synod', 'answer_start': 807}
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Research has generally shown striking uniformity across different cultures in the motives behind teen alcohol use. Social engagement and personal enjoyment appear to play a fairly universal role in adolescents' decision to drink throughout separate cultural contexts. Surveys conducted in Argentina, Hong Kong, and Canad...
What is the most common reason for drinking among adolescents according to surveys in Argentina, Hong Kong, and Canada?
{'text': 'pleasure and recreation', 'answer_start': 409}
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Subsequently with the disgrace of "Near East" in diplomatic and military circles, "Middle East" prevailed. However, "Near East" continues in some circles at the discretion of the defining agency or academic department. They are not generally considered distinct regions as they were at their original definition.
What prevailed with the disgrace of "Near East"?
{'text': '"Middle East"', 'answer_start': 82}
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A number of common human foods and household ingestibles are toxic to dogs, including chocolate solids (theobromine poisoning), onion and garlic (thiosulphate, sulfoxide or disulfide poisoning), grapes and raisins, macadamia nuts, xylitol, as well as various plants and other potentially ingested materials. The nicotine...
What form of chocolate is especially toxic to dogs?
{'text': 'dark', 'answer_start': 890}
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Immunization against the pathogens that cause diarrheal disease is a viable prevention strategy, however it does require targeting certain pathogens for vaccination. In the case of Rotavirus, which was responsible for around 6% of diarrheal episodes and 20% of diarrheal disease deaths in the children of developing coun...
What is the downfall of using immunization against the pathogens that cause disease?
{'text': 'it does require targeting certain pathogens for vaccination', 'answer_start': 105}
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Israel's diverse culture stems from the diversity of its population: Jews from diaspora communities around the world have brought their cultural and religious traditions back with them, creating a melting pot of Jewish customs and beliefs. Israel is the only country in the world where life revolves around the Hebrew ca...
Where does Israel's diverse culture stem from?
{'text': 'diversity of its population', 'answer_start': 40}
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In the 1930s, record companies began issuing collections of 78 rpm records by one performer or of one type of music in specially assembled albums, typically with artwork on the front cover and liner notes on the back or inside cover. Most albums included three or four records, with two sides each, making six or eight t...
When did the vinyl LP records Era begin?
{'text': '1949', 'answer_start': 375}
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Late Carboniferous and Early Permian insect orders include both extant groups, their stem groups, and a number of Paleozoic groups, now extinct. During this era, some giant dragonfly-like forms reached wingspans of 55 to 70 cm (22 to 28 in), making them far larger than any living insect. This gigantism may have been du...
What kind of giant insect form had wingspans?
{'text': 'dragonfly-like forms', 'answer_start': 173}
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The land within the borders of current Portugal has been continuously settled and fought over since prehistoric times. The Celts and the Romans were followed by the Visigothic and the Suebi Germanic peoples, who were themselves later invaded by the Moors. These Muslim peoples were eventually expelled during the Christi...
Which two groups followed the first inhabitants?
{'text': 'Visigothic and the Suebi Germanic peoples', 'answer_start': 165}
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The Ottoman Empire or, as a dynastic institution, the House of Osman was unprecedented and unequaled in the Islamic world for its size and duration. In Europe, only the House of Habsburg had a similarly unbroken line of sovereigns (kings/emperors) from the same family who ruled for so long, and during the same period, ...
What was the other longest ruling House in Europe known as?
{'text': 'House of Habsburg', 'answer_start': 169}
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A 2011 study by the Translational Genomics Research Institute showed that 47% of the meat and poultry sold in United States grocery stores was contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus, and 52% of the bacteria concerned showed resistance to at least three groups of antibiotics. Thorough cooking of the product would kill ...
When is it possible for baccteria is enter into poultry before you get it home?
{'text': 'Translational Genomics Research', 'answer_start': 20}
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The record attendance for an Everton home match is 78,299 against Liverpool on 18 September 1948. Amazingly, there was only 1 injury at this game-Tom Fleetwood was hit on the head by a coin thrown from the crowd whilst he marched around the perimeter with St Edward's Orphanage Band, playing the cornet. Goodison Park, l...
In what year was the Taylor Report recommendations implemented?
{'text': '1948', 'answer_start': 92}
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Episcopalians and Presbyterians, as well as other WASPs, tend to be considerably wealthier and better educated (having graduate and post-graduate degrees per capita) than most other religious groups in United States, and are disproportionately represented in the upper reaches of American business, law and politics, esp...
Affluent American families are what type of families?
{'text': 'Mainline Protestant', 'answer_start': 525}
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Namibia conducts a census every ten years. After independence the first Population and Housing Census was carried out in 1991, further rounds followed in 2001 and 2011. The data collection method is to count every person resident in Namibia on the census reference night, wherever they happen to be. This is called the d...
What is it called when the census counts every person wherever they are the night of the census?
{'text': 'de facto method', 'answer_start': 319}
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Nonvascular land plants are embryophytes that lack the vascular tissues xylem and phloem. They include mosses, liverworts and hornworts. Pteridophytic vascular plants with true xylem and phloem that reproduced by spores germinating into free-living gametophytes evolved during the Silurian period and diversified into se...
What protects the young plant in the seed?
{'text': 'one or two sheathing layers', 'answer_start': 901}
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In 1629, the Massachusetts Bay Colony's first governor, John Winthrop, led the signing of the Cambridge Agreement, a key founding document of the city. Puritan ethics and their focus on education influenced its early history; America's first public school was founded in Boston in 1635. Over the next 130 years, the city...
America's first public school was founded in Boston in what year?
{'text': '1635', 'answer_start': 281}
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His best known wife was Jovanka Broz. Tito was just shy of his 59th birthday, while she was 27, when they finally married in April 1952, with state security chief Aleksandar Ranković as the best man. Their eventual marriage came about somewhat unexpectedly since Tito actually rejected her some years earlier when his co...
Who was Tito's best known wife?
{'text': 'Jovanka Broz', 'answer_start': 24}
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The relational model also allowed the content of the database to evolve without constant rewriting of links and pointers. The relational part comes from entities referencing other entities in what is known as one-to-many relationship, like a traditional hierarchical model, and many-to-many relationship, like a navigati...
What is the relationship called in a hierarchical model?
{'text': 'one-to-many', 'answer_start': 209}
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The FBI is headquartered at the J. Edgar Hoover Building in Washington, D.C., with 56 field offices in major cities across the United States. The FBI also maintains over 400 resident agencies across the United States, as well as over 50 legal attachés at United States embassies and consulates. Many specialized FBI func...
What act is the FBI required to process requests for?
{'text': 'FOIA', 'answer_start': 739}
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In the revival movement France held a foremost place, owing to the reputation and convincing power of the orator, Jean-Baptiste Henri Lacordaire (1802–1861). He took the habit of a Friar Preacher at Rome (1839), and the province of France was canonically erected in 1850. From this province were detached the province of...
When was the province of England canonically erected?
{'text': '1850', 'answer_start': 266}
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During the tumultuous 14th century, disputes within the leadership of the Church led to the Avignon Papacy of 1305–78, also called the "Babylonian Captivity of the Papacy" (a reference to the Babylonian captivity of the Jews), and then to the Great Schism, lasting from 1378 to 1418, when there were two and later three ...
How many popes existed simultaneously after the Council of Constance?
{'text': 'two', 'answer_start': 521}
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Richmond is a major hub for intercity bus company Greyhound Lines, with its terminal at 2910 N Boulevard. Multiple runs per day connect directly with Washington, D.C., New York, Raleigh, and elsewhere. Direct trips to New York take approximately 7.5 hours. Discount carrier Megabus also provides curbside service from ou...
What is the lowest fare on Megabus?
{'text': '$1', 'answer_start': 373}
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While short-term memory encodes information acoustically, long-term memory encodes it semantically: Baddeley (1966) discovered that, after 20 minutes, test subjects had the most difficulty recalling a collection of words that had similar meanings (e.g. big, large, great, huge) long-term. Another part of long-term memor...
If someone where to recall a wedding they had went to a year before, which type of memory would be used?
{'text': 'episodic memory,', 'answer_start': 325}
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West was arrested again on November 14, 2008 at the Hilton hotel near Gateshead after another scuffle involving a photographer outside the famous Tup Tup Palace nightclub in Newcastle upon Tyne. He was later released "with no further action", according to a police spokesperson.
Where was Kanye arrested at for the second time?
{'text': 'Hilton hotel near Gateshead', 'answer_start': 52}
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In the March 26 general elections, voter participation was an impressive 89.8%, and 1,958 (including 1,225 district seats) of the 2,250 CPD seats were filled. In district races, run-off elections were held in 76 constituencies on April 2 and 9 and fresh elections were organized on April 20 and 14 to May 23, in the 199 ...
What percentage of people voted on March 26?
{'text': '89.8%', 'answer_start': 73}
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Gellius says that in his day humanitas is commonly used as a synonym for philanthropy – or kindness and benevolence toward one's fellow human being. Gellius maintains that this common usage is wrong, and that model writers of Latin, such as Cicero and others, used the word only to mean what we might call "humane" or "p...
What was humanism once considered the same as?
{'text': 'philanthropy', 'answer_start': 73}
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Once the coastal assault had succeeded, Eisenhower insisted on retaining personal control over the land battle strategy, and was immersed in the command and supply of multiple assaults through France on Germany. Field Marshal Montgomery insisted priority be given to his 21st Army Group's attack being made in the north,...
Who was the Sixth US Army Group's commander?
{'text': 'Devers', 'answer_start': 371}
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As many as five bands were on tour during the 1920s. The Jenkins Orphanage Band played in the inaugural parades of Presidents Theodore Roosevelt and William Taft and toured the USA and Europe. The band also played on Broadway for the play "Porgy" by DuBose and Dorothy Heyward, a stage version of their novel of the same...
Where did Gershwin and Heyward read their folk opera?
{'text': 'Folly Beach outside of Charleston', 'answer_start': 740}
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The term "modern" was coined in the 16th century to indicate present or recent times (ultimately derived from the Latin adverb modo, meaning "just now). The European Renaissance (about 1420–1630), which marked the transition between the Late Middle Ages and Early Modern times, started in Italy and was spurred in part b...
In what country did The European Renaissance start?
{'text': 'Italy', 'answer_start': 289}
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In the wake of the United States' economic downturn and the legalization of gambling in adjacent and nearby states (including Delaware, Maryland, New York, and Pennsylvania), four casino closures took place in 2014: the Atlantic Club on January 13; the Showboat on August 31; the Revel, which was Atlantic City's second-...
How many casino closures took place in Atlantic City in 2014?
{'text': 'four', 'answer_start': 175}
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The Gorton Government increased funding for the arts, setting up the Australian Council for the Arts, the Australian Film Development Corporation and the National Film and Television Training School. The Gorton Government passed legislation establishing equal pay for men and women and increased pensions, allowances and...
Which government established equal pay for men and women?
{'text': 'The Gorton Government', 'answer_start': 200}
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The crusades were intended to seize Jerusalem from Muslim control. The First Crusade was proclaimed by Pope Urban II (pope 1088–99) at the Council of Clermont in 1095 in response to a request from the Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos (r. 1081–1118) for aid against further Muslim advances. Urban promised indulgence ...
In what year did the First Crusade take Jerusalem?
{'text': '1099', 'answer_start': 450}
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In modern times, the Javanese are the largest ethnic group in Southeast Asia, with more than 100 million people, mostly concentrated in Java, Indonesia. In Burma, the Burmese account for more than two-thirds of the ethnic stock in this country, while ethnic Thais and Vietnamese account for about four-fifths of the resp...
What is currently the smallest ethnic group in Southeast Asia?
{'text': 'Javanese', 'answer_start': 21}
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Much of Yale University's staff, including most maintenance staff, dining hall employees, and administrative staff, are unionized. Clerical and technical employees are represented by Local 34 of UNITE HERE and service and maintenance workers by Local 35 of the same international. Together with the Graduate Employees an...
What union are Yale's service and maintenance workers a part of?
{'text': 'Local 35 of the same international', 'answer_start': 245}
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In 1899, the memorial, by the Berlin sculptor Ernst Gustav Herter (1846–1917), finally came to rest, although subject to repeated vandalism, in the Bronx, at 164th Street and the Grand Concourse, or Joyce Kilmer Park near today's Yankee Stadium. (In 1999, it was moved to 161st Street and the Concourse.) In 2007, Christ...
Where was Herter's Heine memorial placed in 1899?
{'text': '164th Street and the Grand Concourse, or Joyce Kilmer Park', 'answer_start': 158}