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54,624 | 54,282 | 5ad0172677cf76001a686982 | generic | Some copyright owners voluntarily reduce the scope of what is considered infringement by employing relatively permissive, "open" licensing strategies: rather than privately negotiating license terms with individual users who must first seek out the copyright owner and ask for permission, the copyright owner publishes a... | Besides heightening the burden on the courts, what is the effect of this license? | {'text': 'reducing infringement', 'answer_start': 458} |
31,367 | 31,025 | 5709aeceed30961900e8440a | generic | In August 1836, two real estate entrepreneurs—Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen—from New York, purchased 6,642 acres (26.88 km2) of land along Buffalo Bayou with the intent of founding a city. The Allen brothers decided to name the city after Sam Houston, the popular general at the Battle of San Jacinto, who ... | After which famous general was the city named? | {'text': 'Sam Houston', 'answer_start': 253} |
16,456 | 16,114 | 5a4d43c77a6c4c001a2bbc91 | generic | The primary purpose of a web browser is to bring information resources to the user ("retrieval" or "fetching"), allowing them to view the information ("display", "rendering"), and then access other information ("navigation", "following links"). | What lets an OS see information? | {'text': '"display", "rendering"', 'answer_start': 151} |
14,210 | 13,868 | 5ace081c32bba1001ae499ca | generic | On March 17, 1991, an all-Russian referendum created the post of President of the RSFSR. On June 12, Boris Yeltsin was elected President of Russia by popular vote. During an unsuccessful coup attempt on August 19–21, 1991 in Moscow, the capital of the Soviet Union and Russia, President of Russia Yeltsin strongly suppor... | On what date did the second election for President of the RSFSR occur? | {'text': 'June 12', 'answer_start': 92} |
73,379 | 73,037 | 5ad4168b604f3c001a400349 | generic | Proponents of affirmative action recognize that the policy is inherently unequal; however, minding the inescapable fact that historic inequalities exist in America, they believe the policy is much more fair than one in which these circumstances are not taken into account. Furthermore, those in favor of affirmative acti... | What is one of the issues with non-affirmative action? | {'text': 'inherently unequal', 'answer_start': 62} |
110,944 | 110,602 | 572fd62fb2c2fd14005684ec | generic | Unpopulated boards are usually bare-board tested for "shorts" and "opens". A short is a connection between two points that should not be connected. An open is a missing connection between points that should be connected. For high-volume production a fixture or a rigid needle adapter is used to make contact with copper ... | What does a flying probe tester deliver to the contact points during testing? | {'text': 'voltage', 'answer_start': 677} |
112,356 | 112,014 | 57301ab104bcaa1900d771aa | generic | Around 66 BC, a movement to use constitutional, or at least peaceful, means to address the plight of various classes began. After several failures, the movement's leaders decided to use any means that were necessary to accomplish their goals. The movement coalesced under an aristocrat named Lucius Sergius Catilina. The... | How many former consuls in Rome were executed as a result of a conspiracy? | {'text': 'one former consul', 'answer_start': 846} |
111,335 | 110,993 | 572fc5aba23a5019007fc9c1 | generic | The relationship between ethnic Greek identity and Greek Orthodox religion continued after the creation of the Modern Greek state in 1830. According to the second article of the first Greek constitution of 1822, a Greek was defined as any Christian resident of the Kingdom of Greece, a clause removed by 1840. A century ... | When was the Greece that we know today officially formed ? | {'text': 'creation of the Modern Greek state in 1830', 'answer_start': 95} |
12,323 | 11,981 | 56de719ccffd8e1900b4b8f4 | generic | In his work "On the Jews and Their Lies" (1543), German Reformation leader Martin Luther claims that Jewish history was "assailed by much heresy", and that Christ the logos swept away the Jewish heresy and goes on to do so, "as it still does daily before our eyes." He stigmatizes Jewish Prayer as being "blasphemous" (s... | What is the work called that Martin Luther created regarding Jews and heresy? | {'text': '"On the Jews and Their Lies"', 'answer_start': 12} |
54,253 | 53,911 | 5726e644f1498d1400e8ef4e | generic | General Ridgway was appointed Supreme Commander, Korea; he regrouped the UN forces for successful counterattacks, while General James Van Fleet assumed command of the U.S. Eighth Army. Further attacks slowly depleted the PVA and KPA forces; Operations Courageous (23–28 March 1951) and Tomahawk (23 March 1951) were a jo... | Who was appointed Supreme Commander in Korea after the removal of General MacArthur? | {'text': 'General Ridgway', 'answer_start': 0} |
39,532 | 39,190 | 570cd803fed7b91900d45a2c | generic | She is the only woman directly named in the Qur'an; declared (uniquely along with Jesus) to be a Sign of God to humanity; as one who "guarded her chastity"; an obedient one; chosen of her mother and dedicated to Allah whilst still in the womb; uniquely (amongst women) Accepted into service by God; cared for by (one of ... | Which prophet cared for Mary? | {'text': 'Zakariya', 'answer_start': 347} |
91,302 | 90,960 | 57299a913f37b319004784ef | generic | Camouflage is an important defense strategy, which involves the use of coloration or shape to blend into the surrounding environment. This sort of protective coloration is common and widespread among beetle families, especially those that feed on wood or vegetation, such as many of the leaf beetles (family Chrysomelida... | Protective coloring is common in what insect family? | {'text': 'beetle', 'answer_start': 200} |
31,007 | 30,665 | 57071b4090286e26004fc91a | generic | The climate in the state depends mainly in the elevation of the terrain. According to Köppen climate classification the state has five major climate zones. The Sierra Madre Occidental dominates the western part of the state; there are two main climates in this area: Subtropical Highland (Cfb) and Humid Subtropical (Cwa... | Which side of the state has more precipitation? | {'text': 'west', 'answer_start': 753} |
76,329 | 75,987 | 572815a13acd2414000df41c | generic | On April 7, 1989, Soviet troops and armored personnel carriers were sent to Tbilisi after more than 100,000 people protested in front of Communist Party headquarters with banners calling for Georgia to secede from the Soviet Union and for Abkhazia to be fully integrated into Georgia. On April 9, 1989, troops attacked t... | How many people died in the April 9 attack? | {'text': '20', 'answer_start': 343} |
33,893 | 33,551 | 5709b503200fba140036828d | generic | In February 2007, the U.S. Mint, under the Presidential $1 Coin Act of 2005, introduced a new $1 U.S. Presidential dollar coin. Based on the success of the "50 State Quarters" series, the new coin features a sequence of presidents in order of their inaugurations, starting with George Washington, on the obverse side. Th... | Which President will have two coins with his portrait on it? | {'text': 'Grover Cleveland', 'answer_start': 1206} |
17,625 | 17,283 | 56e119bdcd28a01900c675ac | generic | Boston's early European settlers had first called the area Trimountaine (after its "three mountains"—only traces of which remain today) but later renamed it Boston after Boston, Lincolnshire, England, the origin of several prominent colonists. The renaming, on September 7, 1630 (Old Style),[b] was by Puritan colonists ... | What does Trimountaine mean? | {'text': 'three mountains', 'answer_start': 84} |
130,231 | 129,889 | 5735b876dc94161900571f4c | generic | Over the years the city has been home to people of various ethnicities, resulting in a range of different traditions and cultural practices. In one decade, the population increased from 427,045 in 1991 to 671,805 in 2001. The population was projected to reach 915,071 in 2011 and 1,319,597 by 2021. To keep up this popul... | How dense was the population of Kathmandu in 1991? | {'text': '85', 'answer_start': 501} |
60,946 | 60,604 | 57268b85f1498d1400e8e350 | generic | Particularly since the mid-1960s there have been advances in understanding of the physics of plant physiological processes such as transpiration (the transport of water within plant tissues), the temperature dependence of rates of water evaporation from the leaf surface and the molecular diffusion of water vapour and c... | What is transpiration? | {'text': 'the transport of water within plant tissues', 'answer_start': 146} |
51,501 | 51,159 | 5a0cb2c6f5590b0018dab507 | generic | In March 2006, the foundation announced a US$5 million grant for the International Justice Mission (IJM), a human rights organization based in Washington, D.C., US to work in the area of sex trafficking. The official announcement explained that the grant would allow the IJM to "create a replicable model for combating s... | What is the name of the undercover investigation organization based in Washington DC? | {'text': 'International Justice Mission (IJM)', 'answer_start': 69} |
29,371 | 29,029 | 5706888d75f01819005e7be0 | generic | Indira Gandhi International Airport, situated to the southwest of Delhi, is the main gateway for the city's domestic and international civilian air traffic. In 2012-13, the airport was used by more than 35 million passengers, making it one of the busiest airports in South Asia. Terminal 3, which cost ₹96.8 billion (US$... | How much money did Terminal 3 of Indira Gandhi International Airport cost to construct? | {'text': '₹96.8 billion', 'answer_start': 302} |
109,847 | 109,505 | 5a8c452afd22b3001a8d8694 | generic | IBM started working on a prototype system loosely based on Codd's concepts as System R in the early 1970s. The first version was ready in 1974/5, and work then started on multi-table systems in which the data could be split so that all of the data for a record (some of which is optional) did not have to be stored in a ... | When customers first tested IBM's system, what computer language had been removed? | {'text': 'SQL', 'answer_start': 462} |
62,438 | 62,096 | 5727a3644b864d1900163915 | generic | Throughout history, many rulers, empires and nations have oppressed their Jewish populations or sought to eliminate them entirely. Methods employed ranged from expulsion to outright genocide; within nations, often the threat of these extreme methods was sufficient to silence dissent. The history of antisemitism include... | According to the American Journal of Human Genetics, what percentage of modern Iberian population has Sephardic Jewish ancestry? | {'text': '19.8%', 'answer_start': 843} |
55,754 | 55,412 | 57267837f1498d1400e8e0c3 | generic | Hastings was entrusted with the power of peace and war. British judges and magistrates would also be sent to India to administer the legal system. The Governor General and the council would have complete legislative powers. The company was allowed to maintain its virtual monopoly over trade in exchange for the biennial... | Other then money what did it cost the EIC to have the control in trade the had in British India | {'text': 'export a minimum quantity of goods yearly to Britain', 'answer_start': 346} |
98,032 | 97,690 | 5ace84b232bba1001ae4a94c | generic | Western commentators post-9/11 often perceive madaris as places of radical revivalism with a connotation of anti-Americanism and radical extremism, frequently associated in the Western press with Wahhabi attitudes toward non-Muslims. In Arabic the word madrasa simply means "school" and does not imply a political or rel... | What are the origins of southern schools? | {'text': 'institutions of the Catholic church', 'answer_start': 925} |
126,888 | 126,546 | 5732a0c6cc179a14009dab9d | generic | With the initial investment of £4,200, the new trial force of the Thames River Police began with about 50 men charged with policing 33,000 workers in the river trades, of whom Colquhoun claimed 11,000 were known criminals and "on the game." The force was a success after its first year, and his men had "established thei... | How much cargo theft did the Thames River Police prevent in its first year? | {'text': '£122,000', 'answer_start': 338} |
127,571 | 127,229 | 5733796c4776f41900660b63 | generic | Marine mammals are many, such as the dolphins, porpoises and whales, which are seen here during the migration period from December till May. Turtles are a common sight along the coastline of the island. They are a protected species and in the endangered list. It is stated that it will take 15–50 years for this species ... | What protected species is a common sight along the beaches of St. Barts? | {'text': 'Turtles', 'answer_start': 141} |
88,700 | 88,358 | 5a3c823dcc5d22001a521df0 | generic | Pascal Boyer argues that while there is a wide array of supernatural concepts found around the world, in general, supernatural beings tend to behave much like people. The construction of gods and spirits like persons is one of the best known traits of religion. He cites examples from Greek mythology, which is, in his o... | What is Sigmund Freud's opinion of Greek mythology? | {'text': 'more like a modern soap opera than other religious systems', 'answer_start': 328} |
32,117 | 31,775 | 5709867b200fba1400368144 | generic | The alloy of copper and nickel, called cupronickel, is used in low-denomination coins, often for the outer cladding. The US 5-cent coin called a nickel consists of 75% copper and 25% nickel and has a homogeneous composition. The alloy consisting of 90% copper and 10% nickel is remarkable for its resistance to corrosion... | what is the alloy of copper and nickel used for? | {'text': 'low-denomination coins', 'answer_start': 63} |
124,457 | 124,115 | 57324577b9d445190005e967 | generic | Jehovah's Witnesses are organized hierarchically, in what the leadership calls a "theocratic organization", reflecting their belief that it is God's "visible organization" on earth. The organization is led by the Governing Body—an all-male group that varies in size, but since early 2014 has comprised seven members,[not... | How are Jehovah Witnesses organized? | {'text': 'hierarchically', 'answer_start': 34} |
94,018 | 93,676 | 572944eb1d04691400779225 | generic | Biomass for heat and power is a fully mature technology which offers a ready disposal mechanism for municipal, agricultural, and industrial organic wastes. However, the industry has remained relatively stagnant over the decade to 2007, even though demand for biomass (mostly wood) continues to grow in many developing co... | What is a fully maturing technology which offer a ready disposal mechanismm? | {'text': 'Biomass for heat and power', 'answer_start': 0} |
126,609 | 126,267 | 57328cb6b9988014000c7670 | generic | The Cambrian is a major division of the geologic timescale that begins about 541.0 ± 1.0 Ma. Cambrian continents are thought to have resulted from the breakup of a Neoproterozoic supercontinent called Pannotia. The waters of the Cambrian period appear to have been widespread and shallow. Continental drift rates may hav... | What continent moved to the southern-most part of the earth in the Cambrian era? | {'text': 'Gondwana', 'answer_start': 466} |
65,108 | 64,766 | 5ad0ef59645df0001a2d086a | generic | Externally, towers and spires are characteristic of Gothic churches both great and small, the number and positioning being one of the greatest variables in Gothic architecture. In Italy, the tower, if present, is almost always detached from the building, as at Florence Cathedral, and is often from an earlier structure.... | What is one feature of only small Gothic churches? | {'text': 'towers', 'answer_start': 12} |
4,358 | 4,016 | 56d000c5234ae51400d9c24e | generic | The city is the birthplace of many cultural movements, including the Harlem Renaissance in literature and visual art; abstract expressionism (also known as the New York School) in painting; and hip hop, punk, salsa, disco, freestyle, Tin Pan Alley, and Jazz in music. New York City has been considered the dance capital ... | One of the biggest fashion shows in the world is named what in New York? | {'text': 'New York Fashion Week', 'answer_start': 494} |
112,418 | 112,076 | 573035d7b2c2fd1400568a85 | generic | The extraordinary demands of the Punic Wars, in addition to a shortage of manpower, exposed the tactical weaknesses of the manipular legion, at least in the short term. In 217 BC, near the beginning of the Second Punic War, Rome was forced to effectively ignore its long-standing principle that its soldiers must be both... | During what century did Roman controlled areas see a decline in their populations? | {'text': '2nd century BC', 'answer_start': 362} |
17,727 | 17,385 | 56e140e5cd28a01900c676f9 | generic | In 1950, whites represented 94.7% of Boston's population. From the 1950s to the end of the 20th century, the proportion of non-Hispanic whites in the city declined; in 2000, non-Hispanic whites made up 49.5% of the city's population, making the city majority-minority for the first time. However, in recent years the cit... | What year did minorities become the majority of the population for the first time? | {'text': '2000', 'answer_start': 168} |
99,073 | 98,731 | 5a46e17f5fd40d001a27dcce | generic | The Desert National Park in Jaisalmer is spread over an area of 3,162 square kilometres (1,221 sq mi), is an excellent example of the ecosystem of the Thar Desert and its diverse fauna. Seashells and massive fossilised tree trunks in this park record the geological history of the desert. The region is a haven for migra... | What is the scientific name for harrier? | {'text': '(Circaetus gallicus)', 'answer_start': 454} |
86,936 | 86,594 | 5a81e3c131013a001a334f78 | generic | Likewise, group theory helps predict the changes in physical properties that occur when a material undergoes a phase transition, for example, from a cubic to a tetrahedral crystalline form. An example is ferroelectric materials, where the change from a paraelectric to a ferroelectric state occurs at the Curie temperatu... | What is the frequency of a paraelectric state before transition? | {'text': 'zero', 'answer_start': 519} |
7,421 | 7,079 | 56db1b38e7c41114004b4d2d | generic | Chinese officials canceled the torch relay ceremony amidst disruptions, including a Tibetan flag flown from a window in the City Hall by Green Party officials. The third torchbearer in the Paris leg, Jin Jing, who was disabled and carried the torch on a wheelchair, was assaulted several times by unidentified protestors... | Who put a flag of Tibet out of the window at City Hall? | {'text': 'Green Party officials.', 'answer_start': 137} |
57,784 | 57,442 | 5a5193acb308da001a5a230e | generic | The Jawa Dwipa Hindu kingdom in Java and Sumatra existed around 200 BCE. The history of the Malay-speaking world began with the advent of Indian influence, which dates back to at least the 3rd century BCE. Indian traders came to the archipelago both for its abundant forest and maritime products and to trade with mercha... | What was well established by the 1st century BC? | {'text': 'Hinduism and Buddhism', 'answer_start': 395} |
104,956 | 104,614 | 572f5af4947a6a140053c8b4 | generic | In 1936, Wever was killed in an air crash. The failure to implement his vision for the new Luftwaffe was largely attributable to his immediate successors. Ex-Army personnel Albert Kesselring and Hans-Jürgen Stumpff are usually blamed for the turning away from strategic planning and focusing on close air support. Howeve... | How did Wever die? | {'text': 'air crash', 'answer_start': 32} |
115,788 | 115,446 | 5ad4928bba00c4001a268c57 | generic | Three milestone releases of Windows 8 leaked to the general public. Milestone 1, Build 7850, was leaked on April 12, 2011. It was the first build where the text of a window was written centered instead of aligned to the left. It was also probably the first appearance of the Metro-style font, and its wallpaper had the t... | When was Milestone 12 divulged? | {'text': 'April 25, 2011', 'answer_start': 577} |
27,213 | 26,871 | 56faca31f34c681400b0c130 | generic | Sony's PlayStation 3 has extensive HD compatibility because of its built in Blu-ray disc based player, so does Microsoft's Xbox 360 with the addition of Netflix and Windows Media Center HTPC streaming capabilities, and the Zune marketplace where users can rent or purchase digital HD content. Recently, Nintendo released... | The HD capabilities of modern gaming systems has inspired developers to do what? | {'text': 'port games from past consoles onto the PS3, Xbox 360 and Wii U, often with remastered or upscaled graphics', 'answer_start': 548} |
74,696 | 74,354 | 5a6fe93f8abb0b001a67604e | generic | "Alsatia", the Latin form of Alsace's name, has long ago entered the English language with the specialized meaning of "a lawless place" or "a place under no jurisdiction" - since Alsace was conceived by English people to be such. It was used into the 20th century as a term for a ramshackle marketplace, "protected by an... | When did the use of the word Alsatia fall out of practice? | {'text': '2007', 'answer_start': 379} |
57,993 | 57,651 | 5728248dff5b5019007d9df3 | generic | Students attending BYU are required to follow an honor code, which mandates behavior in line with LDS teachings such as academic honesty, adherence to dress and grooming standards, and abstinence from extramarital sex and from the consumption of drugs and alcohol. Many students (88 percent of men, 33 percent of women) ... | How does the cost of attending BYU compare to the cost of attending similar universities? | {'text': 'less expensive', 'answer_start': 511} |
91,658 | 91,316 | 5729458baf94a219006aa230 | generic | Similarly, forensic anthropologists draw on highly heritable morphological features of human remains (e.g. cranial measurements) to aid in the identification of the body, including in terms of race. In a 1992 article, anthropologist Norman Sauer noted that anthropologists had generally abandoned the concept of race as ... | What group still uses race as a valid means to represent human biological diversity? | {'text': 'forensic anthropologists', 'answer_start': 452} |
23,711 | 23,369 | 56f72d2e3d8e2e1400e373d2 | generic | On 7 March 1945, the provisional government of the Democratic Federal Yugoslavia (Demokratska Federativna Jugoslavija, DFY) was assembled in Belgrade by Josip Broz Tito, while the provisional name allowed for either a republic or monarchy. This government was headed by Tito as provisional Yugoslav Prime Minister and in... | Where was the provisional government of the Democratic Federal Yugoslavia assembled? | {'text': 'Belgrade', 'answer_start': 141} |
40,390 | 40,048 | 5ad565d65b96ef001a10adc8 | generic | Statistics from late 2003 indicate that Apple had 2.06 percent of the desktop share in the United States that had increased to 2.88 percent by Q4 2004. As of October 2006, research firms IDC and Gartner reported that Apple's market share in the U.S. had increased to about 6 percent. Figures from December 2006, showing ... | What was the estimated installed base of Mac computers in 2010? | {'text': '16%', 'answer_start': 571} |
33,755 | 33,413 | 5acd913607355d001abf4744 | generic | The main active ingredient of beer is alcohol, and therefore, the health effects of alcohol apply to beer. Consumption of small quantities of alcohol (less than one drink in women and two in men) is associated with a decreased risk of cardiac disease, stroke and diabetes mellitus. The long term health effects of contin... | What is the main active ingredient of alcohol? | {'text': 'beer', 'answer_start': 30} |
92,578 | 92,236 | 5728de523acd2414000e00bd | generic | In 1951, during the early stages of the Cold War, Menzies spoke of the possibility of a looming third world war. The Menzies Government entered Australia's first formal military alliance outside of the British Commonwealth with the signing of the ANZUS Treaty between Australia, New Zealand and the United States in San ... | Which treaty was Australia's first military alliance outside of the British Commonwealth? | {'text': 'ANZUS Treaty', 'answer_start': 247} |
16,014 | 15,672 | 56e074de231d4119001ac18a | generic | Hydrogen gas forms explosive mixtures with air if it is 4–74% concentrated and with chlorine if it is 5–95% concentrated. The mixtures may be ignited by spark, heat or sunlight. The hydrogen autoignition temperature, the temperature of spontaneous ignition in air, is 500 °C (932 °F). Pure hydrogen-oxygen flames emit ul... | What kind of light do hydrogen-oxygen flames make? | {'text': 'ultraviolet light', 'answer_start': 318} |
68,388 | 68,046 | 5726b92a708984140094cf32 | generic | The National Hockey League's Carolina Hurricanes franchise moved to Raleigh in 1997 from Hartford, Connecticut (where it was known as the Hartford Whalers). The team played its first two seasons more than 60 miles away at Greensboro Coliseum while its home arena, Raleigh Entertainment and Sports Arena (later RBC Center... | Where did the Hurricanes play their first two seasons? | {'text': 'Greensboro Coliseum', 'answer_start': 222} |
77,231 | 76,889 | 5a8c8edefd22b3001a8d8adf | generic | By 1979, with the establishment of the Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies (FARMS) as a California non-profit research institution, an effort led by Robert F. Smith began to take full account of Larson’s work and to publish a Critical Text of the Book of Mormon. Thus was born the FARMS Critical Text Proj... | When was the fifth volume of Critical Text Project published? | {'text': '1984', 'answer_start': 405} |
41,621 | 41,279 | 59d286102763a60018284065 | generic | It has been said that GE got into computer manufacturing because in the 1950s they were the largest user of computers outside the United States federal government, aside from being the first business in the world to own a computer. Its major appliance manufacturing plant "Appliance Park" was the first non-governmental ... | In what decade did Honeywell first enter the computer manufacturing industry? | {'text': '1950s', 'answer_start': 72} |
49,104 | 48,762 | 5ace820332bba1001ae4a8c5 | generic | The word asphalt is derived from the late Middle English, in turn from French asphalte, based on Late Latin asphalton, asphaltum, which is the latinisation of the Greek ἄσφαλτος (ásphaltos, ásphalton), a word meaning "asphalt/bitumen/pitch", which perhaps derives from ἀ-, "without" and σφάλλω (sfallō), "make fall". Not... | According to who was bitumen brought to Greece to build a giant wall? | {'text': 'Herodotus', 'answer_start': 805} |
80,532 | 80,190 | 5a690a338476ee001a58aa0e | generic | On 3 November 2007, the Sichuan Transportation Bureau announced that the Sui-Yu Expressway was completed after three years of construction. After completion of the Chongqing section of the road, the 36.64 km (22.77 mi) expressway connected Cheng-Nan Expressway and formed the shortest expressway from Chengdu to Chongqin... | How long did it take to complete the total investment? | {'text': 'three years', 'answer_start': 111} |
17,014 | 16,672 | 56e1170de3433e1400422bc4 | generic | In Presbyterian and Reformed churches, canon law is known as "practice and procedure" or "church order", and includes the church's laws respecting its government, discipline, legal practice and worship. | What aspect of faith is covered by canon law? | {'text': 'worship', 'answer_start': 194} |
94,880 | 94,538 | 5acfc74b77cf76001a685ef4 | generic | Roughly one quarter of all zinc output in the United States (2009), is consumed in the form of zinc compounds; a variety of which are used industrially. Zinc oxide is widely used as a white pigment in paints, and as a catalyst in the manufacture of rubber. It is also used as a heat disperser for the rubber and acts to ... | What protects the polymers in rubber from nuclear radiation? | {'text': 'Zinc oxide', 'answer_start': 153} |
17,633 | 17,291 | 56e11b94cd28a01900c675d1 | generic | In 1629, the Massachusetts Bay Colony's first governor, John Winthrop, led the signing of the Cambridge Agreement, a key founding document of the city. Puritan ethics and their focus on education influenced its early history; America's first public school was founded in Boston in 1635. Over the next 130 years, the city... | Who led the signing of the Cambridge Agreement? | {'text': 'John Winthrop', 'answer_start': 56} |
117,867 | 117,525 | 5730e7ddf6cb411900e24532 | generic | New Zealand has an annual quota of 75 Tuvaluans granted work permits under the Pacific Access Category, as announced in 2001. The applicants register for the Pacific Access Category (PAC) ballots; the primary criteria is that the principal applicant must have a job offer from a New Zealand employer. Tuvaluans also have... | What is New Zealand's annual quota of Tuvaluan granted work permits? | {'text': '75', 'answer_start': 35} |
115,170 | 114,828 | 5ad3ccb6604f3c001a3ff158 | generic | In Whitehead's view, then, concepts such as "quality", "matter", and "form" are problematic. These "classical" concepts fail to adequately account for change, and overlook the active and experiential nature of the most basic elements of the world. They are useful abstractions, but are not the world's basic building blo... | How did Whitehead classify what is usually seen as a nonindividual person? | {'text': 'continuum of overlapping events', 'answer_start': 425} |
26,160 | 25,818 | 56f8f77f9e9bad19000a078d | generic | A second strategic personality from American diplomatic and military circles, Alfred Thayer Mahan, concerned about the naval vulnerability of the trade routes in the Persian Gulf and Indian Ocean, commented in 1902: | Who was a member of American diplomatic and military circles? | {'text': 'Alfred Thayer Mahan', 'answer_start': 78} |
64,174 | 63,832 | 5ad3eab7604f3c001a3ff6f7 | generic | While Harkness' original colleges were Georgian Revival or Collegiate Gothic in style, two colleges constructed in the 1960s, Morse and Ezra Stiles Colleges, have modernist designs. All twelve college quadrangles are organized around a courtyard, and each has a dining hall, courtyard, library, common room, and a range ... | In what architectural styles weren't Harkness' original colleges? | {'text': 'Georgian Revival or Collegiate Gothic', 'answer_start': 39} |
127,556 | 127,214 | 5a399ce22f14dd001ac72494 | generic | As the terrain is generally arid, the hills have mostly poor soil and support only cacti and succulent plants. During the rainy season the area turns green with vegetation and grass. The eastern part of the island is greener as it receives more rainfall. A 1994 survey has revealed several hundred indigenous species of ... | How many types of cacti are the on St. Barts? | {'text': 'several hundred', 'answer_start': 282} |
107,958 | 107,616 | 5a8a491d3b2508001a72a999 | generic | Albania has often been called the 51st state for its perceived strongly pro-American positions, mainly because of the United States' policies towards it. In reference to President George W. Bush's 2007 European tour, Edi Rama, Tirana's mayor and leader of the opposition Socialists, said: "Albania is for sure the most p... | When did James Baker visit the United States as Secretary of State? | {'text': '1992', 'answer_start': 580} |
68,576 | 68,234 | 5726cfe5708984140094d215 | generic | Early recommendations for the quantity of water required for maintenance of good health suggested that 6–8 glasses of water daily is the minimum to maintain proper hydration. However the notion that a person should consume eight glasses of water per day cannot be traced to a credible scientific source. The original wat... | How much water should be taken in for each calorie of food that is consumed? | {'text': '1 milliliter', 'answer_start': 469} |
65,481 | 65,139 | 5acfd11077cf76001a686189 | generic | A significant modification of Cubism between 1914 and 1916 was signaled by a shift towards a strong emphasis on large overlapping geometric planes and flat surface activity. This grouping of styles of painting and sculpture, especially significant between 1917 and 1920, was practiced by several artists; particularly th... | What was the last time period that a significant change did not happen in Cubism? | {'text': '1917 and 1920', 'answer_start': 256} |
81,571 | 81,229 | 5727bf163acd2414000deb56 | generic | In the humanities, one sense of culture, as an attribute of the individual, has been the degree to which they have cultivated a particular level of sophistication, in the arts, sciences, education, or manners. The level of cultural sophistication has also sometimes been seen to distinguish civilizations from less compl... | Around what time did Mass Culture emerge? | {'text': '20th century', 'answer_start': 927} |
103,314 | 102,972 | 572ebdfdc246551400ce45d8 | generic | To prevent this problem, in one implementation of destination control, every user gets an RFID card to identify himself, so the system knows every user call and can cancel the first call if the passenger decides to travel to another destination to prevent empty calls. The newest invention knows even where people are lo... | Newer systems know where and how many people are at a location for what reasons? | {'text': 'either for the purposes of evacuating the building or for security reasons', 'answer_start': 387} |
65,681 | 65,339 | 5a1e03953de3f40018b2644b | generic | One of the most influential works during this burgeoning period was Niccolò Machiavelli's The Prince, written between 1511–12 and published in 1532, after Machiavelli's death. That work, as well as The Discourses, a rigorous analysis of the classical period, did much to influence modern political thought in the West. A... | What was written to free the Mattice family from exile? | {'text': 'The Prince', 'answer_start': 376} |
88,920 | 88,578 | 572844f92ca10214002da211 | generic | The Taliban regrouped in western Pakistan and began to unleash an insurgent-style offensive against Coalition forces in late 2002. Throughout southern and eastern Afghanistan, firefights broke out between the surging Taliban and Coalition forces. Coalition forces responded with a series of military offensives and an in... | In what parts of Afghanistan did the Taliban attack Coalition forces in 2002? | {'text': 'southern and eastern', 'answer_start': 142} |
36,041 | 35,699 | 5a2f56e7a83784001a7d2722 | generic | The climatic changes of the late Jurassic and Cretaceous provided for further adaptive radiation. The Jurassic was the height of archosaur diversity, and the first birds and eutherian mammals also appeared. Angiosperms radiated sometime in the early Cretaceous, first in the tropics, but the even temperature gradient al... | What prevented the spread of angiosperms towards the poles? | {'text': 'temperature gradient', 'answer_start': 297} |
31,910 | 31,568 | 5a836bd7e60761001a2eb6a1 | generic | The gates of the Temple of Jerusalem used Corinthian bronze made by depletion gilding. It was most prevalent in Alexandria, where alchemy is thought to have begun. In ancient India, copper was used in the holistic medical science Ayurveda for surgical instruments and other medical equipment. Ancient Egyptians (~2400 BC... | What is the name of the battery that was developed using copper in 168 BC? | {'text': 'Baghdad Battery', 'answer_start': 429} |
7,227 | 6,885 | 56d9e23ddc89441400fdb891 | generic | The practice of using dogs and other animals as a part of therapy dates back to the late 18th century, when animals were introduced into mental institutions to help socialize patients with mental disorders. Animal-assisted intervention research has shown that animal-assisted therapy with a dog can increase social behav... | Where were dogs introduced then to help people socialize people? | {'text': 'mental institutions', 'answer_start': 137} |
36,451 | 36,109 | 570b03a2ec8fbc190045b7db | generic | Lilius's proposals had two components. Firstly, he proposed a correction to the length of the year. The mean tropical year is 365.24219 days long. As the average length of a Julian year is 365.25 days, the Julian year is almost 11 minutes longer than the mean tropical year. The discrepancy results in a drift of about t... | On what date was the original vernal equinox set? | {'text': '21 March', 'answer_start': 633} |
55,826 | 55,484 | 57268432f1498d1400e8e25d | generic | The East India Company's arms, granted in 1698, were: "Argent a cross Gules; in the dexter chief quarter an escutcheon of the arms of France and England quarterly, the shield ornamentally and regally crowned Or." The crest was: "A lion rampant guardant Or holding between the forepaws a regal crown proper." The supporte... | in the arms of EIC what was the lion holding in his forepaws | {'text': 'crown', 'answer_start': 293} |
105,111 | 104,769 | 572fe5e8b2c2fd1400568582 | generic | In June 1940, a German prisoner of war was overheard boasting that the British would never find the Knickebein, even though it was under their noses. The details of the conversation were passed to an RAF Air Staff technical advisor, Dr. R. V. Jones, who started an in-depth investigation which discovered that the Luftwa... | Which RAF technical advisor was the conversation passed onto? | {'text': 'Dr. R. V. Jones', 'answer_start': 233} |
110,641 | 110,299 | 572fa77004bcaa1900d76b4b | generic | The bacterial cell is surrounded by a cell membrane (also known as a lipid, cytoplasmic or plasma membrane). This membrane encloses the contents of the cell and acts as a barrier to hold nutrients, proteins and other essential components of the cytoplasm within the cell. As they are prokaryotes, bacteria do not usually... | Do bacteria have membrabe-bound organelles in their cytoplasm? | {'text': 'do not', 'answer_start': 306} |
120,387 | 120,045 | 5731752de6313a140071cf5a | generic | Native American music in North America is almost entirely monophonic, but there are notable exceptions. Traditional Native American music often centers around drumming. Rattles, clappersticks, and rasps were also popular percussive instruments. Flutes were made of rivercane, cedar, and other woods. The tuning of these ... | How many strings did the Apache fiddle have? | {'text': 'single', 'answer_start': 630} |
34,084 | 33,742 | 5a8cc9a1fd22b3001a8d8e71 | generic | Today, USD notes are made from cotton fiber paper, unlike most common paper, which is made of wood fiber. U.S. coins are produced by the United States Mint. U.S. dollar banknotes are printed by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing and, since 1914, have been issued by the Federal Reserve. The "large-sized notes" issued ... | What is most common currency made of? | {'text': 'wood fiber', 'answer_start': 94} |
101,529 | 101,187 | 572ec68503f9891900756a09 | generic | Between 10 and 17 October 1757, a Hungarian general, Count András Hadik, serving in the Austrian army, executed what may be the most famous hussar action in history. When the Prussian King Frederick was marching south with his powerful armies, the Hungarian general unexpectedly swung his force of 5,000, mostly hussars,... | How was Berlin spared? | {'text': 'city was spared for a negotiated ransom of 200,000 thalers', 'answer_start': 405} |
115,760 | 115,418 | 5ad4918bba00c4001a268c39 | generic | Windows 8 introduced major changes to the operating system's platform and user interface to improve its user experience on tablets, where Windows was now competing with mobile operating systems, including Android and iOS. In particular, these changes included a touch-optimized Windows shell based on Microsoft's "Metro"... | What USB version is Windows 9 compatible with? | {'text': 'USB 3.0', 'answer_start': 715} |
119,503 | 119,161 | 573149e7e6313a140071cdd1 | generic | Many sensor systems rely on light as the signal source. LEDs are often ideal as a light source due to the requirements of the sensors. LEDs are used as motion sensors, for example in optical computer mice. The Nintendo Wii's sensor bar uses infrared LEDs. Pulse oximeters use them for measuring oxygen saturation. Some f... | By using LEDs, scanners do not have to what? | {'text': 'warm-up', 'answer_start': 586} |
71,831 | 71,489 | 572721a4708984140094da4a | generic | When an inductive circuit is opened, the current through the inductance collapses quickly, creating a large voltage across the open circuit of the switch or relay. If the inductance is large enough, the energy will generate a spark, causing the contact points to oxidize, deteriorate, or sometimes weld together, or dest... | What happens to the voltage when an inductive circuit is opened? | {'text': 'a large voltage across the open circuit of the switch', 'answer_start': 100} |
125,511 | 125,169 | 5732aa5bcc179a14009dabdc | generic | The U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission reported its findings in January 2011. It concluded that "the crisis was avoidable and was caused by: widespread failures in financial regulation, including the Federal Reserve’s failure to stem the tide of toxic mortgages; dramatic breakdowns in corporate governance includi... | When did the U.S. Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission report its findings? | {'text': 'January 2011', 'answer_start': 70} |
31,401 | 31,059 | 5ad41d62604f3c001a4005db | generic | One wave of the population boom ended abruptly in the mid-1980s, as oil prices fell precipitously. The space industry also suffered in 1986 after the Space Shuttle Challenger disintegrated shortly after launch. There was a cutback in some activities for a period. In the late 1980s, the city's economy suffered from the ... | In the 1990's, what is something Houston did to try not to diversify it's economy? | {'text': 'reduced its dependence on the petroleum industry', 'answer_start': 481} |
75,388 | 75,046 | 5727a3d0ff5b5019007d91a0 | generic | Concerns have often been raised over the buying public's moral complicity in purchasing products assembled or otherwise manufactured in developing countries with child labour. However, others have raised concerns that boycotting products manufactured through child labour may force these children to turn to more dangero... | What does the study say in regards to boycotts? | {'text': 'that can actually harm rather than help the children involved."', 'answer_start': 831} |
104,056 | 103,714 | 572f506a04bcaa1900d76842 | generic | In the UK, the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway pioneered overhead electrification of its suburban lines in London, London Bridge to Victoria being opened to traffic on 1 December 1909. Victoria to Crystal Palace via Balham and West Norwood opened in May 1911. Peckham Rye to West Norwood opened in June 1912. Fu... | What line used the overhead wire system first Victoria to Crystal Palace or Peckham Rye to West Noorwood? | {'text': 'Victoria to Crystal Palace', 'answer_start': 194} |
76,153 | 75,811 | 5727dc042ca10214002d982f | generic | Baden Powell praised "Mr Darwin's masterly volume [supporting] the grand principle of the self-evolving powers of nature". In America, Asa Gray argued that evolution is the secondary effect, or modus operandi, of the first cause, design, and published a pamphlet defending the book in terms of theistic evolution, Natura... | What did the pamphlet that Asa Gray published defend? | {'text': 'defending the book in terms of theistic evolution, Natural Selection is not inconsistent with Natural Theology.', 'answer_start': 263} |
81,929 | 81,587 | 5a6118dbe9e1cc001a33cef8 | generic | People lived on the edge of the desert thousands of years ago since the last ice age. The Sahara was then a much wetter place than it is today. Over 30,000 petroglyphs of river animals such as crocodiles survive, with half found in the Tassili n'Ajjer in southeast Algeria. Fossils of dinosaurs, including Afrovenator, J... | Where is the Nile Valley located? | {'text': 'southeast Algeria', 'answer_start': 255} |
37,384 | 37,042 | 570b69c1ec8fbc190045ba03 | generic | Often categorised with the New Wave of British Heavy Metal, in 1981 Def Leppard released their second album High 'n' Dry, mixing glam-rock with heavy metal, and helping to define the sound of hard rock for the decade. The follow-up Pyromania (1983), reached number two on the American charts and the singles "Photograph"... | What band had the first glam metal album to hit number one on the Billboard charts? | {'text': 'Quiet Riot', 'answer_start': 713} |
52,249 | 51,907 | 572646f6f1498d1400e8daef | generic | A Frankish identity emerged and so did their Frankish or Franconian language. The language itself is poorly attested. A notable exception is the Bergakker inscription, found near the Dutch city of Tiel, which may represent a primary record of 5th-century Frankish. Although some placenames recorded in Roman texts could ... | What word found in Roman writings became "wad" in modern Dutch? | {'text': 'vadam', 'answer_start': 384} |
94,088 | 93,746 | 5ad12ac6645df0001a2d1052 | generic | Nearly all the gasoline sold in the United States today is mixed with 10 percent ethanol, a mix known as E10, and motor vehicle manufacturers already produce vehicles designed to run on much higher ethanol blends. Ford, DaimlerChrysler, and GM are among the automobile companies that sell flexible-fuel cars, trucks, and... | Nearly all gasoline sold in the UK is mixed with what percentage of ethanol? | {'text': '10 percent', 'answer_start': 70} |
129,748 | 129,406 | 5735ffb96c16ec1900b928de | generic | New Zealand has a strong hunting culture. The islands making up New Zealand originally had no land mammals apart from bats. However, once Europeans arrived, game animals were introduced by acclimatisation societies to provide New Zealanders with sport and a hunting resource. Deer, pigs, goats, rabbits, hare, tahr and c... | What country has a strong hunting culture? | {'text': 'New Zealand', 'answer_start': 0} |
88,789 | 88,447 | 5a3c9ecfcc5d22001a521e3d | generic | Adherents of different religions generally disagree as to how to best worship God and what is God's plan for mankind, if there is one. There are different approaches to reconciling the contradictory claims of monotheistic religions. One view is taken by exclusivists, who believe they are the chosen people or have exclu... | What is an example of syncretism in Christianity? | {'text': 'supersessionism', 'answer_start': 663} |
34,068 | 33,726 | 5709e5ca6d058f1900182c04 | generic | The U.S. dollar is fiat money. It is the currency most used in international transactions and is the world's most dominant reserve currency. Several countries use it as their official currency, and in many others it is the de facto currency. Besides the United States, it is also used as the sole currency in two British... | What kind of money is the U.S. dollar? | {'text': 'fiat money', 'answer_start': 19} |
23,669 | 23,327 | 56f71a5e3d8e2e1400e3735d | generic | In 1934 the Zagreb Provincial Committee sent Tito to Vienna where all the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia had sought refuge. He was appointed to the Committee and started to appoint allies to him, among them Edvard Kardelj, Milovan Đilas, Aleksandar Ranković and Boris Kidrič. In 1935, Tito travel... | Who became Secretary-General of the CPY after the prior one was murdered? | {'text': 'Tito', 'answer_start': 818} |
65,429 | 65,087 | 5acfce2e77cf76001a6860d6 | generic | The Section d'Or, also known as Groupe de Puteaux, founded by some of the most conspicuous Cubists, was a collective of painters, sculptors and critics associated with Cubism and Orphism, active from 1911 through about 1914, coming to prominence in the wake of their controversial showing at the 1911 Salon des Indépenda... | What's another term for The Section d'voures? | {'text': 'Groupe de Puteaux', 'answer_start': 32} |
80,758 | 80,416 | 57280bee2ca10214002d9c96 | generic | Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (L... | What subset of Unicode is used by Windows? | {'text': 'WGL-4 with 652 characters', 'answer_start': 93} |
88,204 | 87,862 | 572822da3acd2414000df560 | generic | The annelids are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, coelomate, invertebrate organisms. They also have parapodia for locomotion. Most textbooks still use the traditional division into polychaetes (almost all marine), oligochaetes (which include earthworms) and leech-like species. Cladistic research since 1997 has r... | What do annelids use to move? | {'text': 'parapodia', 'answer_start': 107} |
76,666 | 76,324 | 57278b4fdd62a815002e9fd7 | generic | The only words of Jesus on the cross in the Mark and Matthew accounts, this is a quotation of Psalm 22. Since other verses of the same Psalm are cited in the crucifixion accounts, it is often considered a literary and theological creation. Geza Vermes, however, points out that the verse is cited in Aramaic rather than ... | What contradiction is found in this Psalm? | {'text': 'verse is cited in Aramaic rather than the Hebrew', 'answer_start': 282} |
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