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52,188 | 51,846 | 5726696b708984140094c51f | generic | Poultry meat and eggs provide nutritionally beneficial food containing protein of high quality. This is accompanied by low levels of fat which have a favourable mix of fatty acids. Chicken meat contains about two to three times as much polyunsaturated fat as most types of red meat when measured by weight. However, for ... | What is the nutitional value to humans of poultry and poultry products? | {'text': 'protein of high quality', 'answer_start': 71} |
120,465 | 120,123 | 5731877f05b4da19006bd239 | generic | The "General Law of Linguistic Rights of the Indigenous Peoples" grants all indigenous languages spoken in Mexico, regardless of the number of speakers, the same validity as Spanish in all territories in which they are spoken, and indigenous peoples are entitled to request some public services and documents in their na... | What has the Mexican government promoted in some indigenous rural communities? | {'text': 'bilingual primary and secondary education', 'answer_start': 890} |
28,179 | 27,837 | 56fb824db28b3419009f1db4 | generic | The construction of cathedrals and castles advanced building technology, leading to the development of large stone buildings. Ancillary structures included new town halls, houses, bridges, and tithe barns. Shipbuilding improved with the use of the rib and plank method rather than the old Roman system of mortise and ten... | What new shipbuilding method was invented in this period? | {'text': 'rib and plank', 'answer_start': 248} |
33,613 | 33,271 | 5acd922e07355d001abf476a | generic | It is considered that overeating and lack of muscle tone is the main cause of a beer belly, rather than beer consumption. A 2004 study, however, found a link between binge drinking and a beer belly. But with most overconsumption, it is more a problem of improper exercise and overconsumption of carbohydrates than the pr... | What is caused by overeating and drinking beer? | {'text': 'beer belly', 'answer_start': 80} |
74,270 | 73,928 | 5727be76ff5b5019007d9418 | generic | New Haven is served by the daily New Haven Register, the weekly "alternative" New Haven Advocate (which is run by Tribune, the corporation owning the Hartford Courant), the online daily New Haven Independent, and the monthly Grand News Community Newspaper. Downtown New Haven is covered by an in-depth civic news forum, ... | What weekly publication in New Haven is issued by Yale University? | {'text': 'Yale Herald', 'answer_start': 510} |
77,452 | 77,110 | 5727c4faff5b5019007d94c4 | generic | Stereophonic sound recording, which attempts to provide a more natural listening experience by reproducing the spatial locations of sound sources in the horizontal plane, was the natural extension to monophonic recording, and attracted various alternative engineering attempts. The ultimately dominant "45/45" stereophon... | What did Alan Blumlein event? | {'text': 'stereophonic record system', 'answer_start': 310} |
94,299 | 93,957 | 57295edc6aef051400154d96 | generic | Carthage was Palermo’s major trading partner under the Phoenicians and the city enjoyed a prolonged peace during this period. Palermo came into contact with the Ancient Greeks between the 6th and the 5th centuries BC which preceded the Sicilian Wars, a conflict fought between the Greeks of Syracuse and the Phoenicians ... | In which War did Greeks and Phoenicians fight over control of Sicily? | {'text': 'Sicilian Wars', 'answer_start': 236} |
11,871 | 11,529 | 56de68a54396321400ee289f | generic | The settlement of Plympton, further up the River Plym than the current Plymouth, was also an early trading port, but the river silted up in the early 11th century and forced the mariners and merchants to settle at the current day Barbican near the river mouth. At the time this village was called Sutton, meaning south t... | In what year was the first written reference to Plymouth made? | {'text': '1211', 'answer_start': 433} |
110,719 | 110,377 | 572fc90704bcaa1900d76d2a | generic | Most laboratory techniques for growing bacteria use high levels of nutrients to produce large amounts of cells cheaply and quickly. However, in natural environments, nutrients are limited, meaning that bacteria cannot continue to reproduce indefinitely. This nutrient limitation has led the evolution of different growth... | What can create a subsequent increase of nutrients in natural environment? | {'text': 'biofilms', 'answer_start': 764} |
7,967 | 7,625 | 56dc662314d3a41400c2685b | generic | Duplications play a major role in shaping the genome. Duplication may range from extension of short tandem repeats, to duplication of a cluster of genes, and all the way to duplication of entire chromosomes or even entire genomes. Such duplications are probably fundamental to the creation of genetic novelty. | What type of generation of genetic material has a big part in making the genome what it is? | {'text': 'Duplications', 'answer_start': 0} |
89,099 | 88,757 | 5a85ee75b4e223001a8e7300 | generic | Support for the U.S. cooled when America made clear its determination to invade Iraq in late 2002. Even so, many of the "coalition of the willing" countries that unconditionally supported the U.S.-led military action have sent troops to Afghanistan, particular neighboring Pakistan, which has disowned its earlier suppor... | What was the war in the northern tribal areas called? | {'text': 'Waziristan War', 'answer_start': 462} |
40,108 | 39,766 | 570c578fb3d812140066d165 | generic | In the 1940s, new interpretations of John's reign began to emerge, based on research into the record evidence of his reign, such as pipe rolls, charters, court documents and similar primary records. Notably, an essay by Vivian Galbraith in 1945 proposed a "new approach" to understanding the ruler. The use of recorded e... | Who suggested that Ireland was less stable by 1216 than previously supposed? | {'text': 'Lewis Warren', 'answer_start': 1104} |
46,659 | 46,317 | 5aceb4ed32bba1001ae4b0e0 | generic | Athanasius recounts being a student, as well as being educated by the Martyrs of the Great (tenth) and last persecution of Christianity by pagan Rome.[citation needed] This persecution was most severe in the East, particularly in Egypt and Palestine. Peter of Alexandria, the 17th archbishop of Alexandria, was martyred ... | What suggests that Athanasius was unfamiliar with ancient Greek philosophers? | {'text': 'quoting Plato', 'answer_start': 1008} |
31,822 | 31,480 | 5ad420ea604f3c001a40072d | generic | In 2008, Houston received top ranking on Kiplinger's Personal Finance Best Cities of 2008 list, which ranks cities on their local economy, employment opportunities, reasonable living costs, and quality of life. The city ranked fourth for highest increase in the local technological innovation over the preceding 15 years... | When was Texas ranked the best city for shopping? | {'text': '2010', 'answer_start': 569} |
16,920 | 16,578 | 56e0f9657aa994140058e850 | generic | It is a fully developed legal system, with all the necessary elements: courts, lawyers, judges, a fully articulated legal code principles of legal interpretation, and coercive penalties, though it lacks civilly-binding force in most secular jurisdictions. The academic degrees in canon law are the J.C.B. (Juris Canonici... | What is not present in the Catholic legal system as compared with non-religious law? | {'text': 'civilly-binding force', 'answer_start': 203} |
17,347 | 17,005 | 56e13ab5e3433e1400422ce0 | generic | With the Treaty of the Pyrenees (1659), Spain ceded the northern part of Catalonia to France, and soon thereafter the local Catalan varieties came under the influence of French, which in 1700 became the sole official language of the region. | When did French become the official language of that part of Catalonia? | {'text': '1700', 'answer_start': 187} |
105,441 | 105,099 | 5a8462357cf838001a46a7c6 | generic | The provision of the law in Section 4 that establishes critical habitat is a regulatory link between habitat protection and recovery goals, requiring the identification and protection of all lands, water and air necessary to recover endangered species. To determine what exactly is critical habitat, the needs of open sp... | What section establishes recovery goals? | {'text': 'Section 4', 'answer_start': 28} |
101,268 | 100,926 | 572e8567cb0c0d14000f1239 | generic | At the beginning of a match, an official tosses a coin and allows the captain of the visiting team call heads or tails. The captain of the team winning the coin toss is given the option of having first choice, or of deferring first choice to the other captain. The captain making first choice may either choose a) to kic... | Who makes a choice after the team that wins the coin toss has made their decision? | {'text': 'the opposing captain', 'answer_start': 457} |
114,055 | 113,713 | 5acd8cac07355d001abf46d9 | generic | The islands enjoy a mild climate and varied soils, giving rise to a diverse pattern of vegetation. Animal and plant life is similar to that of the northwestern European continent. There are however, fewer numbers of species, with Ireland having even less. All native flora and fauna in Ireland is made up of species that... | What type of life is similar to life in southern Asia? | {'text': 'Animal and plant life', 'answer_start': 99} |
117,217 | 116,875 | 57314eb2e6313a140071cdfc | generic | Kievan Rus' also played an important genealogical role in European politics. Yaroslav the Wise, whose stepmother belonged to the Macedonian dynasty, the greatest one to rule Byzantium, married the only legitimate daughter of the king who Christianized Sweden. His daughters became queens of Hungary, France and Norway, h... | Who did Yaroslav's sons marry? | {'text': 'daughters of a Polish king and a Byzantine emperor', 'answer_start': 340} |
48,244 | 47,902 | 571aab804faf5e1900b8abf4 | generic | Early progress toward the development of vaccines occurred throughout this period, primarily in the form of academic and government-funded basic research directed toward the identification of the pathogens responsible for common communicable diseases. In 1885 Louis Pasteur and Pierre Paul Émile Roux created the first r... | In 1923, what was discovered to be safer to treat Diphtheria Toxin? | {'text': 'formaldehyde', 'answer_start': 904} |
71,308 | 70,966 | 5ad28416d7d075001a429866 | generic | In mid-June 1940, when international attention was focused on the German invasion of France, Soviet NKVD troops raided border posts in Lithuania, Estonia and Latvia. State administrations were liquidated and replaced by Soviet cadres, in which 34,250 Latvians, 75,000 Lithuanians and almost 60,000 Estonians were deporte... | How didn't these countries become part of the USSR? | {'text': 'Elections were held with single pro-Soviet candidates listed for many positions', 'answer_start': 333} |
50,200 | 49,858 | 57240b550ba9f01400d97b4f | generic | In the 1874 general election, Disraeli was returned to power. He passed the Public Worship Regulation Act 1874, which removed Catholic rituals from the Anglican liturgy and which Victoria strongly supported. She preferred short, simple services, and personally considered herself more aligned with the presbyterian Churc... | In 1876 Victoria held what title? | {'text': 'Empress of India', 'answer_start': 466} |
23,429 | 23,087 | 56f72eb0711bf01900a44a30 | generic | Some examples: the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) established a framework for the development of binding greenhouse gas emission limits, while the Kyoto Protocol contained the specific provisions and regulations later agreed upon. | The agreement that contained specific provisions related to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is an example of what agreement that supplements a treaty? | {'text': 'Protocol', 'answer_start': 185} |
51,112 | 50,770 | 5725c85738643c19005acce4 | generic | Other city states formed federated states in self-defense, such as the Aetolian League (est. 370 BCE), the Achaean League (est. 280 BCE), the Boeotian league, the "Northern League" (Byzantium, Chalcedon, Heraclea Pontica and Tium) and the "Nesiotic League" of the Cyclades. These federations involved a central governmen... | What system delegates military and foreign affairs to the central government and local affairs to the city states? | {'text': 'sympoliteia', 'answer_start': 454} |
35,298 | 34,956 | 570a88dd6d058f1900182f6a | generic | The form of the verb varies with person (first, second and third), number (singular and plural), tense (present and past), and mood (indicative, subjunctive and imperative). Old English also sometimes uses compound constructions to express other verbal aspects, the future and the passive voice; in these we see the begi... | Along with the present, what was a verb tense in Old English? | {'text': 'past', 'answer_start': 116} |
11,138 | 10,796 | 56de494dcffd8e1900b4b799 | generic | A HDI below 0.5 is considered to represent "low development". All 22 countries in that category are located in Africa. The highest-scoring Sub-Saharan countries, Gabon and South Africa, are ranked 119th and 121st, respectively. Nine countries departed from this category this year and joined the "medium development" gro... | What are the two highest ranking Sub-Saharan countries? | {'text': 'Gabon and South Africa', 'answer_start': 162} |
114,099 | 113,757 | 573026db947a6a140053d19c | generic | The population of England rose rapidly during the 19th and 20th centuries whereas the populations of Scotland and Wales have shown little increase during the 20th century, with the population of Scotland remaining unchanged since 1951. Ireland for most of its history comprised a population proportionate to its land are... | How long did the Great Irish Famine cause a population decline in Ireland? | {'text': 'century-long population decline', 'answer_start': 531} |
14,716 | 14,374 | 56dfdd297aa994140058e1db | generic | A few pubs have stage performances such as serious drama, stand-up comedy, musical bands, cabaret or striptease; however juke boxes, karaoke and other forms of pre-recorded music have otherwise replaced the musical tradition of a piano or guitar and singing.[citation needed] | Along with cabaret, striptease, bands and drama, what is a type of stage performance that can be found in pubs? | {'text': 'stand-up comedy', 'answer_start': 58} |
73,965 | 73,623 | 57275373f1498d1400e8f642 | generic | The American Civil War boosted the local economy with wartime purchases of industrial goods, including that of the New Haven Arms Company, which would later become the Winchester Repeating Arms Company. (Winchester would continue to produce arms in New Haven until 2006, and many of the buildings that were a part of the... | What major war stimulated the New Haven economy by way of industrial goods purchased through the New Haven Arms Company? | {'text': 'American Civil War', 'answer_start': 4} |
37,685 | 37,343 | 570b933d6b8089140040f9a5 | generic | Infrared radiation is popularly known as "heat radiation"[citation needed], but light and electromagnetic waves of any frequency will heat surfaces that absorb them. Infrared light from the Sun accounts for 49% of the heating of Earth, with the rest being caused by visible light that is absorbed then re-radiated at lon... | What percentage of the Earth's heat is derived from the Sun's infrared light? | {'text': '49%', 'answer_start': 207} |
31,055 | 30,713 | 570720299e06ca38007e9480 | generic | The main mountain range in the state is the Sierra Madre Occidental reaching a maximum altitude of 10,826 ft (3,300 m) known as Cerro Mohinora. Mountains account for one third of the state's surface area which include large coniferous forests. The climate in the mountainous regions varies Chihuahua has more forests tha... | What altitude does the mountain range reach at maximum? | {'text': '10,826 ft (3,300 m)', 'answer_start': 99} |
91,245 | 90,903 | 57298d496aef051400154fca | generic | Some species use vibrations for communicating within members of the same species, such as to attract mates as in the songs of the shield bug Nezara viridula. Vibrations can also be used to communicate between entirely different species; lycaenid (gossamer-winged butterfly) caterpillars which are myrmecophilous (living ... | What are used by insects to communicate with members of the same species? | {'text': 'vibrations', 'answer_start': 17} |
31,552 | 31,210 | 570a07104103511400d5950b | generic | The Houston area is a leading center for building oilfield equipment. Much of its success as a petrochemical complex is due to its busy ship channel, the Port of Houston. In the United States, the port ranks first in international commerce and tenth among the largest ports in the world. Unlike most places, high oil and... | What has the Houston ship channel served to promote into success? | {'text': 'petrochemical complex', 'answer_start': 95} |
5,901 | 5,559 | 56d24619b329da140004ecc1 | generic | Prajñā (Sanskrit) or paññā (Pāli) means wisdom that is based on a realization of dependent origination, The Four Noble Truths and the three marks of existence. Prajñā is the wisdom that is able to extinguish afflictions and bring about bodhi. It is spoken of as the principal means of attaining nirvāṇa, through its reve... | What is listed as the sixth of the six paramitas of the mahayana? | {'text': 'Prajñā', 'answer_start': 0} |
73,822 | 73,480 | 57278f77f1498d1400e8fc1f | generic | The possibility of unlikely victories in the earlier rounds of the competition, where lower ranked teams beat higher placed opposition, known as "giant killings", is much anticipated by the public, and is considered an integral part of the tradition and prestige of the competition, alongside that gained by teams winnin... | Does the media showcase giant killers? | {'text': '. It is considered particularly newsworthy when a top Premier League team suffers an upset defeat, or where the giant-killer is a non-league club', 'answer_start': 435} |
118,947 | 118,605 | 5730df02b7151e1900c01598 | generic | Planning and Directing is "the determination of intelligence requirements, development of appropriate intelligence architecture, preparation of a collection plan, and issuance of orders and requests to information collection agencies" (JP 2-01, Joint and National Intelligence Support to Military Operations). These acti... | What agency is in charge of intelligence requirements? | {'text': 'Joint and National Intelligence Support to Military Operations', 'answer_start': 245} |
29,984 | 29,642 | 5706e5579e06ca38007e91fe | generic | Marvin Gardens, the leading yellow property on the board shown, is actually a misspelling of the original location name, "Marven Gardens". The misspelling was said to have been introduced by Charles Todd and passed on when his home-made Monopoly board was copied by Charles Darrow and thence Parker Brothers. It was not ... | In what year did Parker Brothers acknowledge and apologize for a spelling error in the game? | {'text': '1995', 'answer_start': 326} |
64,309 | 63,967 | 5726a7a0f1498d1400e8e64c | generic | After the failed union of Sweden and Norway of 1319–1365, the pan-Scandinavian Kalmar Union was instituted in 1397. The Swedes were reluctant members of the Danish-dominated union from the start. In an attempt to subdue the Swedes, King Christian II of Denmark had large numbers of the Swedish aristocracy killed in the ... | In what year did Sweden break away from the Kalmar Union? | {'text': '1523', 'answer_start': 433} |
63,740 | 63,398 | 5acf8af377cf76001a685188 | generic | The Somerset Coal Canal was built in the early 19th century to reduce the cost of transportation of coal and other heavy produce. The first 16 kilometres (10 mi), running from a junction with the Kennet and Avon Canal, along the Cam valley, to a terminal basin at Paulton, were in use by 1805, together with several tram... | In what year were the several tramways completed? | {'text': '1871', 'answer_start': 445} |
74,520 | 74,178 | 572780475951b619008f8b7e | generic | Holy Roman Empire central power had begun to decline following years of imperial adventures in Italian lands, often ceding hegemony in Western Europe to France, which had long since centralized power. France began an aggressive policy of expanding eastward, first to the rivers Rhône and Meuse, and when those borders we... | In what year did the French reach Alsace? | {'text': '1444', 'answer_start': 889} |
124,865 | 124,523 | 5732481fb9d445190005e9a5 | generic | Historians have concluded that this assignment provided valuable preparation for handling the challenging personalities of Winston Churchill, George S. Patton, George Marshall, and General Montgomery during World War II. Eisenhower later emphasized that too much had been made of the disagreements with MacArthur, and th... | How did Eisenhower respond to the offer to become a Philippine police chief? | {'text': 'declined', 'answer_start': 925} |
5,656 | 5,314 | 56d1cf79e7d4791d0090220b | generic | The above are further subdivided into 31 planes of existence.[web 4] Rebirths in some of the higher heavens, known as the Śuddhāvāsa Worlds or Pure Abodes, can be attained only by skilled Buddhist practitioners known as anāgāmis (non-returners). Rebirths in the Ārūpyadhātu (formless realms) can be attained by only thos... | What does arupyadhatu mean? | {'text': 'formless realms', 'answer_start': 275} |
94,473 | 94,131 | 5a749ef342eae6001a389a28 | generic | In some languages, including old Chinese, Thai, old Japanese, and Vietnamese, the same word can mean either blue or green. The Chinese character 青 (pronounced qīng in Mandarin, ao in Japanese, and thanh in Sino-Vietnamese) has a meaning that covers both blue and green; blue and green are traditionally considered shades... | What Chinese word for green is derived from English? | {'text': 'guriin', 'answer_start': 639} |
48,895 | 48,553 | 5acfb5d677cf76001a6859d8 | generic | Geographically, the empire was divided into several provinces, the borders of which changed numerous times during the Umayyad reign. Each province had a governor appointed by the khalifah. The governor was in charge of the religious officials, army leaders, police, and civil administrators in his province. Local expens... | Who appointed the khalifah? | {'text': 'governor', 'answer_start': 153} |
55,249 | 54,907 | 57262e99271a42140099d70e | generic | Shell sold 9.5% of its 23.1% stake in Woodside Petroleum in June 2014 and advised that it had reached an agreement for Woodside to buy back 9.5% of its shares at a later stage. Shell became a major shareholder in Woodside after a 2001 takeover attempt was blocked by then federal Treasurer Peter Costello and the corpora... | Shell became a major shareholder in Woodside after a takeover attempt was blocked in what year? | {'text': '2001', 'answer_start': 230} |
104,211 | 103,869 | 572e9c77c246551400ce43df | generic | Spanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as of the early 1800s, it became the oldest contin... | What is the oldest city of the United States territory? | {'text': 'The oldest city in all of the U.S. territory, as of 1898, is San Juan, capital of Puerto Rico', 'answer_start': 390} |
72,909 | 72,567 | 5a86f28a1d3cee001a6a106e | generic | The M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC) includes four other TB-causing mycobacteria: M. bovis, M. africanum, M. canetti, and M. microti. M. africanum is not widespread, but it is a significant cause of tuberculosis in parts of Africa. M. bovis was once a common cause of tuberculosis, but the introduction of pasteurized milk... | African emigrants are not likely to get what disease in the Horn of Africa? | {'text': 'M. canetti', 'answer_start': 410} |
52,130 | 51,788 | 57265f0f708984140094c3ec | generic | Poultry is the second most widely eaten type of meat in the world, accounting for about 30% of total meat production worldwide compared to pork at 38%. Sixteen billion birds are raised annually for consumption, more than half of these in industrialised, factory-like production units. Global broiler meat production rose... | How many animals of the poultry variety are raised for consumtion each year? | {'text': 'Sixteen billion birds are raised annually', 'answer_start': 152} |
129,113 | 128,771 | 57343f8dd058e614000b6b7c | generic | During the late 1980s and early 1990s, Richmond experienced a spike in overall crime, in particular, the city's murder rate. The city had 93 murders for the year of 1985, with a murder rate of 41.9 killings committed per 100,000 residents. Over the next decade, the city saw a major increase in total homicides. In 1990 ... | What crime notably increased in Richmond over the course of the 1980s? | {'text': 'murder', 'answer_start': 112} |
56,154 | 55,812 | 57265693dd62a815002e81ee | generic | Special guest referees may be used from time to time; by virtue of their celebrity status, they are often scripted to dispense with the appearance of neutrality and use their influence to unfairly influence the outcome of the match for added dramatic impact. Face special referees will often fight back against hostile h... | What do special referees have the ability to do? | {'text': "They also have the power to eject from ringside any of the heel wrestler's entourage/stable, who may otherwise interfere with the match.", 'answer_start': 501} |
6,721 | 6,379 | 56db419ee7c41114004b4fcc | generic | The growth continued into the next season, starting with a season premiere of 26.5 million. The season attracted an average of 21.7 million viewers, and was placed second overall amongst the 18–49 age group. The finale night when Ruben Studdard won over Clay Aiken was also the highest-rated ever American Idol episode a... | How many people watched on average for season two? | {'text': '21.7 million', 'answer_start': 127} |
24,226 | 23,884 | 56f977939b226e1400dd1480 | generic | The Marshall Islands are served by the Marshall Islands International Airport in Majuro, the Bucholz Army Airfield in Kwajalein, and other small airports and airstrips. | Where is the Marshall Islands International Airport located? | {'text': 'Majuro', 'answer_start': 81} |
112,020 | 111,678 | 5733f6a4d058e614000b6692 | generic | As of the 2015–16 season, Premier League football has been played in 53 stadiums since the formation of the Premier League in 1992. The Hillsborough disaster in 1989 and the subsequent Taylor Report saw a recommendation that standing terraces should be abolished; as a result all stadiums in the Premier League are all-s... | What is the capacity of Bloomfield Road stadium? | {'text': '16,220', 'answer_start': 790} |
78,222 | 77,880 | 5a73a89c42eae6001a389956 | generic | When the party is represented by members in the lower house of parliament, the party leader simultaneously serves as the leader of the parliamentary group of that full party representation; depending on a minimum number of seats held, Westminster-based parties typically allow for leaders to form frontbench teams of sen... | What is the main role of the Cabinet of government ministers? | {'text': 'to serve as critics of aspects of government policy', 'answer_start': 366} |
73,800 | 73,458 | 57278df3f1498d1400e8fbe3 | generic | After being rendered obsolete by the redesign, the 1895 replica was presented in 1910 to the FA's long-serving president Lord Kinnaird. Kinnaird died in 1923, and his family kept it in their possession, out of view, until putting it up for auction in 2005. It was duly sold at Christie's auction house on 19 May 2005 for... | What year did Lord Kinnard die? | {'text': 'Lord Kinnaird. Kinnaird died in 1923,', 'answer_start': 121} |
40,461 | 40,119 | 570d0581b3d812140066d39d | generic | In 1985, the combination of the Mac, Apple's LaserWriter printer, and Mac-specific software like Boston Software's MacPublisher and Aldus PageMaker enabled users to design, preview, and print page layouts complete with text and graphics—an activity to become known as desktop publishing. Initially, desktop publishing wa... | When was the activity of desktop publishing first used? | {'text': '1985', 'answer_start': 3} |
95,155 | 94,813 | 5a2c48aebfd06b001a5aead1 | generic | The first phase of neoclassicism in France is expressed in the "Louis XVI style" of architects like Ange-Jacques Gabriel (Petit Trianon, 1762–68); the second phase, in the styles called Directoire and "Empire", might be characterized by Jean Chalgrin's severe astylar Arc de Triomphe (designed in 1806). In England the t... | What style was originally a court style and not a Parisien style? | {'text': 'Goût grec', 'answer_start': 498} |
31,750 | 31,408 | 5ad42371604f3c001a40082f | generic | Three community college districts exist with campuses in and around Houston. The Houston Community College System serves most of Houston. The northwestern through northeastern parts of the city are served by various campuses of the Lone Star College System, while the southeastern portion of Houston is served by San Jac... | What college system serves most of Texas? | {'text': 'Houston Community College System', 'answer_start': 81} |
94,031 | 93,689 | 5ad128a8645df0001a2d0fe2 | generic | Hydroelectricity is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower; the production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. It is the most widely used form of renewable energy, accounting for 16 percent of global electricity generation – 3,427 terawatt-hours... | Electricity production is expected to increase by what percentage each year for the next 15 years? | {'text': '3.1%', 'answer_start': 390} |
52,290 | 51,948 | 57265aba5951b619008f7075 | generic | The different dialects show many sound shifts in different vowels (even shifting between diphthongs and monophthongs), and in some cases consonants also shift pronunciation. For example, an oddity of West Flemings (and to a lesser extent, East Flemings) is that, the voiced velar fricative (written as "g" in Dutch) shif... | What's the Dutch word for "money"? | {'text': 'geld', 'answer_start': 658} |
73,861 | 73,519 | 572792fdf1498d1400e8fc9a | generic | The final has never been contested by two teams from outside the top division and there have only been eight winners who weren't in the top flight: Notts County (1894); Tottenham Hotspur (1901); Wolverhampton Wanderers (1908); Barnsley (1912); West Bromwich Albion (1931); Sunderland (1973), Southampton (1976) and West ... | How many second tier have made the finals? | {'text': "only 24 finalists have come from outside English football's top tier", 'answer_start': 640} |
73,165 | 72,823 | 5ad40ef3604f3c001a400144 | generic | Ideas for affirmative action came as early as the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877) in which a former slave population lacked the skills and resources for sustainable living. In 1865, General William Tecumseh Sherman proposed to divide the land and goods from Georgia and grant it to families of color which became the "For... | When did the Deconstruction Era start? | {'text': '1865', 'answer_start': 70} |
63,133 | 62,791 | 5726a5e05951b619008f78fc | generic | On 7 January 2009, The Sun ran an exclusive front page story claiming that participants in a discussion on Ummah.com, a British Muslim internet forum, had made a "hate hit list" of British Jews to be targeted by extremists over the Gaza War. It was claimed that "Those listed [on the forum] should treat it very seriousl... | According to Private Eye who was the only forum member expressing wishes for a hate campaign? | {'text': 'Glen Jenvey', 'answer_start': 424} |
45,033 | 44,691 | 5ad36d16604f3c001a3fe1df | generic | On August 17, 2007, Dell Inc. announced that after an internal investigation into its accounting practices it would restate and reduce earnings from 2003 through to the first quarter of 2007 by a total amount of between $50 million and $150 million, or 2 cents to 7 cents per share. The investigation, begun in November ... | What department did Dell launch an external investigation on? | {'text': 'accounting', 'answer_start': 86} |
60,631 | 60,289 | 5726627bf1498d1400e8ddd4 | generic | The foundations of the British Empire were laid when England and Scotland were separate kingdoms. In 1496 King Henry VII of England, following the successes of Spain and Portugal in overseas exploration, commissioned John Cabot to lead a voyage to discover a route to Asia via the North Atlantic. Cabot sailed in 1497, f... | Which explorer did Cabot make a mistake similar to? | {'text': 'Christopher Columbus', 'answer_start': 471} |
76,957 | 76,615 | 5a7fc52a8f0597001ac000ac | generic | In Sweden, the Supreme Court and the Supreme Administrative Court respectively function as the highest courts of the land. The Supreme Administrative Court considers cases concerning disputes between individuals and administrative organs, as well as disputes among administrative organs, while the Supreme Court consider... | What other cases does the Supreme Court consider besides disputes between individuals and administrative organs? | {'text': 'disputes among administrative organs,', 'answer_start': 250} |
34,594 | 34,252 | 570a58de6d058f1900182d7e | generic | Emotions are complex. According to some theories, they are a state of feeling that results in physical and psychological changes that influence our behavior. The physiology of emotion is closely linked to arousal of the nervous system with various states and strengths of arousal relating, apparently, to particular emot... | Along with physical changes, what sort of changes do emotions sometimes cause? | {'text': 'psychological', 'answer_start': 107} |
87,468 | 87,126 | 5728d7c4ff5b5019007da7f5 | generic | From 2000 to 2010, the average cost per asthma-related hospital stay in the United States for children remained relatively stable at about $3,600, whereas the average cost per asthma-related hospital stay for adults increased from $5,200 to $6,600. In 2010, Medicaid was the most frequent primary payer among children an... | How much was the average cost of hospital stays for asthma-related issues for adults? | {'text': 'from $5,200 to $6,600', 'answer_start': 226} |
25,169 | 24,827 | 56f8b2ec9b226e1400dd0e4f | generic | The transcribed pre-mRNA contains untranslated regions at both ends which contain a ribosome binding site, terminator and start and stop codons. In addition, most eukaryotic open reading frames contain untranslated introns which are removed before the exons are translated. The sequences at the ends of the introns, dict... | What encodes the protein or RNA product? | {'text': 'the splice sites to generate the final mature mRNA', 'answer_start': 324} |
125,605 | 125,263 | 57333ba64776f419006607b0 | generic | Predatory lending refers to the practice of unscrupulous lenders, enticing borrowers to enter into "unsafe" or "unsound" secured loans for inappropriate purposes. A classic bait-and-switch method was used by Countrywide Financial, advertising low interest rates for home refinancing. Such loans were written into extensi... | What type predatory lending method did Countrywide Financial use? | {'text': 'classic bait-and-switch', 'answer_start': 165} |
12,329 | 11,987 | 5a5ad0c09c0277001abe71ab | generic | In his work "On the Jews and Their Lies" (1543), German Reformation leader Martin Luther claims that Jewish history was "assailed by much heresy", and that Christ the logos swept away the Jewish heresy and goes on to do so, "as it still does daily before our eyes." He stigmatizes Jewish Prayer as being "blasphemous" (s... | Who felt Jewish circumcision was spiritual? | {'text': 'Martin Luther', 'answer_start': 75} |
98,864 | 98,522 | 572ac20c34ae481900deacbb | generic | Kerry "has emerged in the past few years as an important envoy for Afghanistan and Pakistan during times of crisis," a Washington Post report stated in May 2011, as Kerry undertook another trip to the two countries. The killing of Osama bin Laden "has generated perhaps the most important crossroads yet," the report con... | How, in May 2011, did the WaPo describe Bin Laden's killing? | {'text': 'perhaps the most important crossroads yet', 'answer_start': 262} |
97,518 | 97,176 | 572ab905f75d5e190021fc6e | generic | Hayek received new attention in the 1980s and 1990s with the rise of conservative governments in the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada. After winning the United Kingdom general election, 1979, Margaret Thatcher appointed Keith Joseph, the director of the Hayekian Centre for Policy Studies, as her secretary of s... | In what year was Margaret Thatcher elected Prime Minister? | {'text': '1979', 'answer_start': 195} |
102,411 | 102,069 | 57318f36e6313a140071d093 | generic | A fundamental part of Gaddafi's ideology was anti-Zionism. He believed that the state of Israel should not exist, and that any Arab compromise with the Israeli government was a betrayal of the Arab people. In large part due to their support of Israel, Gaddafi despised the United States, considering the country to be im... | How did Gaddafi believe the Israel-Palestine conflict should be resolved? | {'text': 'Isratin single-state solution', 'answer_start': 600} |
61,929 | 61,587 | 5726eac7708984140094d5db | generic | The impact of the post-election reforms has been observed in numerous areas, including ASEAN's approval of Myanmar's bid for the position of ASEAN chair in 2014; the visit by United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton in December 2011 for the encouragement of further progress—it was the first visit by a Secretary... | Have the changes in Burmese law been of benefit to the country in international views ? | {'text': "approval of Myanmar's bid for the position of ASEAN chair in 2014; the visit by United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton", 'answer_start': 95} |
90,355 | 90,013 | 5728b7412ca10214002da647 | generic | In The Open Society and Its Enemies and The Poverty of Historicism, Popper developed a critique of historicism and a defence of the "Open Society". Popper considered historicism to be the theory that history develops inexorably and necessarily according to knowable general laws towards a determinate end. He argued that... | What is the term for the view that there are discoverable general laws constraining history's development? | {'text': 'historicism', 'answer_start': 166} |
64,612 | 64,270 | 57277421708984140094ddf9 | generic | Hunyadi succeeded during the Siege of Belgrade in 1456 against the Ottomans, the biggest victory against that empire in decades. This battle became a real Crusade against the Muslims, as the peasants were motivated by the Franciscan monk Saint John of Capistrano, who came from Italy predicating Holy War. The effect tha... | Who did the Hungarian nobility elect as King of Hungary? | {'text': 'Matthias', 'answer_start': 568} |
70,971 | 70,629 | 5726ca95f1498d1400e8eb55 | generic | The location on the banks of the river Rhine allowed Utrecht to become an important trade centre in the Northern Netherlands. The growing town Utrecht was granted city rights by Henry V in 1122. When the main flow of the Rhine moved south, the old bed, which still flowed through the heart of the town became evermore ca... | Who granted Utrecht city rights | {'text': 'Henry V in 1122', 'answer_start': 178} |
4,437 | 4,095 | 56d114ae17492d1400aab8bc | generic | Public transport is essential in New York City. 54.6% of New Yorkers commuted to work in 2005 using mass transit. This is in contrast to the rest of the United States, where about 90% of commuters drive automobiles to their workplace. According to the US Census Bureau, New York City residents spend an average of 38.4 m... | In minutes, how long does it take for the average New Yorker to get to work? | {'text': '38.4', 'answer_start': 314} |
10,382 | 10,040 | 56df912338dc421700152068 | generic | Measurement of light or photometry is generally concerned with the amount of useful light falling on a surface and the amount of light emerging from a lamp or other source, along with the colors that can be rendered by this light. The human eye responds differently to light from different parts of the visible spectrum,... | What is the amount of useful light emitted from a luminous flux measured in? | {'text': 'lumen (lm)', 'answer_start': 1076} |
65,450 | 65,108 | 57278fad708984140094e0ee | generic | This technique of representing simultaneity, multiple viewpoints (or relative motion) is pushed to a high degree of complexity in Gleizes' monumental Le Dépiquage des Moissons (Harvest Threshing), exhibited at the 1912 Salon de la Section d'Or, Le Fauconnier’s Abundance shown at the Indépendants of 1911, and Delaunay's... | Who painted the Wedding, show at Salon des Independants in 1912? | {'text': 'Léger', 'answer_start': 453} |
90,517 | 90,175 | 5728e3e62ca10214002daa3f | generic | In 2004, philosopher and psychologist Michel ter Hark (Groningen, The Netherlands) published a book, called Popper, Otto Selz and the rise of evolutionary epistemology, in which he claimed that Popper took some of his ideas from his tutor, the German psychologist Otto Selz. Selz never published his ideas, partly becaus... | What is the name of the 2004 paper that links Popper's work to that of his tutor Otto Selz? | {'text': 'Popper, Otto Selz and the rise of evolutionary epistemology', 'answer_start': 108} |
83,362 | 83,020 | 572813372ca10214002d9d59 | generic | In addition to the cathedral, Strasbourg houses several other medieval churches that have survived the many wars and destructions that have plagued the city: the Romanesque Église Saint-Étienne, partly destroyed in 1944 by Allied bombing raids, the part Romanesque, part Gothic, very large Église Saint-Thomas with its S... | What is the Neo-Gothic church called? | {'text': 'Saint-Pierre-le-Vieux Catholique', 'answer_start': 763} |
90,373 | 90,031 | 5728ca7a2ca10214002da7e7 | generic | According to this theory, the conditions for the truth of a sentence as well as the sentences themselves are part of a metalanguage. So, for example, the sentence "Snow is white" is true if and only if snow is white. Although many philosophers have interpreted, and continue to interpret, Tarski's theory as a deflationa... | With what does Popper say Tarski's theory replaces the predicate "is true?" | {'text': '"corresponds to the facts"', 'answer_start': 399} |
102,710 | 102,368 | 572eaedccb0c0d14000f146e | generic | Tennis player Marcos Baghdatis was ranked 8th in the world, was a finalist at the Australian Open, and reached the Wimbledon semi-final, all in 2006. High jumper Kyriakos Ioannou achieved a jump of 2.35 m at the 11th IAAF World Championships in Athletics in Osaka, Japan, in 2007, winning the bronze medal. He has been r... | What organization does Costas Philippou participate in? | {'text': 'Ultimate Fighting Championship', 'answer_start': 546} |
64,977 | 64,635 | 57269f5add62a815002e8b44 | generic | In Northern Germany, Netherlands, northern Poland, Denmark, and the Baltic countries local building stone was unavailable but there was a strong tradition of building in brick. The resultant style, Brick Gothic, is called "Backsteingotik" in Germany and Scandinavia and is associated with the Hanseatic League. In Italy,... | Northern Germany, Netherlands, northern Poland, Denmark, and the Baltic countries used what building material in place of local stone? | {'text': 'brick', 'answer_start': 170} |
36,035 | 35,693 | 570ac6156d058f19001830de | generic | The climatic changes of the late Jurassic and Cretaceous provided for further adaptive radiation. The Jurassic was the height of archosaur diversity, and the first birds and eutherian mammals also appeared. Angiosperms radiated sometime in the early Cretaceous, first in the tropics, but the even temperature gradient al... | What species spread towards the poles during the Jurassic? | {'text': 'Angiosperms', 'answer_start': 207} |
18,073 | 17,731 | 56e14e56cd28a01900c67784 | generic | "Junior" Laemmle persuaded his father to bring Universal up to date. He bought and built theaters, converted the studio to sound production, and made several forays into high-quality production. His early efforts included the critically mauled part-talkie version of Edna Ferber's novel Show Boat (1929), the lavish musi... | What movie was based on an Edna Ferber novel? | {'text': 'Show Boat', 'answer_start': 287} |
122,262 | 121,920 | 5acd677a07355d001abf40d6 | generic | YouTube offered the public a beta test of the site in May 2005. The first video to reach one million views was a Nike advertisement featuring Ronaldinho in September 2005. Following a $3.5 million investment from Sequoia Capital in November, the site launched officially on December 15, 2005, by which time the site was ... | What happened in March 2005? | {'text': 'public a beta test', 'answer_start': 20} |
42,685 | 42,343 | 5ad29038d7d075001a429a8c | generic | Antarctica, on average, is the coldest, driest, and windiest continent, and has the highest average elevation of all the continents. Antarctica is considered a desert, with annual precipitation of only 200 mm (8 in) along the coast and far less inland. The temperature in Antarctica has reached −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F), tho... | What continent has only 200 in of annual precipitation? | {'text': 'Antarctica', 'answer_start': 133} |
38,067 | 37,725 | 570bdf846b8089140040faac | generic | The number and variety of plants, animals and other organisms that exist is known as biodiversity. It is an essential component of nature and it ensures the survival of human species by providing food, fuel, shelter, medicines and other resources to mankind. The richness of biodiversity depends on the climatic conditio... | What term describes the number and variety of plants, animals and other organisms in existence? | {'text': 'biodiversity', 'answer_start': 85} |
55,114 | 54,772 | 572619b8ec44d21400f3d8d7 | generic | In February 1907, the Royal Dutch Shell Group was created through the amalgamation of two rival companies: the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company of the Netherlands and the "Shell" Transport and Trading Company Ltd of the United Kingdom. It was a move largely driven by the need to compete globally with Standard Oil. The Roy... | Why was the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company created? | {'text': 'to develop an oilfield in Sumatra', 'answer_start': 383} |
84,416 | 84,074 | 572825df2ca10214002d9f0a | generic | In January 1964, Nasser called for an Arab League summit in Cairo to establish a unified Arab response against Israel's plans to divert the Jordan River's waters for economic purposes, which Syria and Jordan deemed an act of war. Nasser blamed Arab divisions for what he deemed "the disastrous situation". He discouraged... | What leader did Nasser bond with durin gthe negotiations? | {'text': 'King Hussein', 'answer_start': 494} |
47,864 | 47,522 | 571dfe3fb64a571400c71e54 | generic | In Virginia prior to 1920, for example, a person was legally white if having seven-eights or more white ancestry. The one-drop rule originated in some Southern United States in the late 19th century, likely in response to whites' attempt to maintain white supremacy and limit black political power following the Democrat... | Who is responsible for the Census Bureau discarding the mulatto category? | {'text': 'Southern-dominated Congress', 'answer_start': 578} |
30,682 | 30,340 | 5ad29458d7d075001a429af2 | generic | The early 1990s additionally saw the rise in mainstream US popularity for house music. Pop recording artist Madonna's 1990 single "Vogue" became an international hit single and topped the US charts. The single is credited as helping to bring house music to the US mainstream. | What decade did Madonna's music hit the mainstream in the US? | {'text': '1990s', 'answer_start': 10} |
35,585 | 35,243 | 5acd6fb407355d001abf4222 | generic | The development of flattop vessels produced the first large fleet ships. In 1918, HMS Argus became the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering naval aircraft. As a result of the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922, which limited the construction of new heavy surface combat ships, most early aircraft carri... | What develpment produced the first small fleet ships? | {'text': 'flattop vessels', 'answer_start': 19} |
115,028 | 114,686 | 573324c9d058e614000b572c | generic | At the time structures such as Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions drew attention to the need to expand algebraic structures beyond the associatively multiplicative class. In a review Alexander Macfarlane wrote: "The main idea of the work is not unification of the several methods, nor generalization of ordinary alg... | What was G.B. Matthew's opinion of "A Treatise on Algebra"? | {'text': '"It possesses a unity of design which is really remarkable, considering the variety of its themes."', 'answer_start': 454} |
84,328 | 83,986 | 57280b982ca10214002d9c86 | generic | On 29 October 1956, Israeli forces crossed the Sinai Peninsula, overwhelmed Egyptian army posts, and quickly advanced to their objectives. Two days later, British and French planes bombarded Egyptian airfields in the canal zone. Nasser ordered the military's high command to withdraw the Egyptian Army from Sinai to bols... | What city did Nasser want to keep the French and British out of? | {'text': 'Port Said', 'answer_start': 514} |
124,481 | 124,139 | 57324681e99e3014001e6628 | generic | Baptism is a requirement for being considered a member of Jehovah's Witnesses. Jehovah's Witnesses do not practice infant baptism, and previous baptisms performed by other denominations are not considered valid. Individuals undergoing baptism must affirm publicly that dedication and baptism identify them "as one of Jeh... | Individuals must remain Jehovah Witnesses if they wish to receive what from God? | {'text': 'favor', 'answer_start': 699} |
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