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19,956 | 19,614 | 5ad3b998604f3c001a3fee7f | generic | Tristan da Cunha is part of the British overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. This includes Saint Helena and equatorial Ascension Island some 3,730 kilometres (2,318 mi) to the north of Tristan. The island has a population of 267 as of January 2016. | Which territory is British overseas a part of? | {'text': 'Tristan da Cunha', 'answer_start': 0} |
45,765 | 45,423 | 5ad3fc7c604f3c001a3ffba5 | generic | Sixteen was held to be the minimum permissible age in the 1988 Supreme Court decision of Thompson v. Oklahoma. The Court, considering the case Roper v. Simmons in March 2005, found the execution of juvenile offenders unconstitutional by a 5–4 margin, effectively raising the minimum permissible age to 18. State laws hav... | Based on Roper v. Simmons, what is now the maximum age to be executed in the United States? | {'text': '18', 'answer_start': 302} |
70,835 | 70,493 | 5726ea8d708984140094d5d1 | generic | On 24 March 2009, the Nigerian Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, NigComSat Ltd. and CGWIC signed another contract for the in-orbit delivery of the NigComSat-1R satellite. NigComSat-1R was also a DFH-4 satellite, and the replacement for the failed NigComSat-1 was successfully launched into orbit by China in Xi... | When was Nigeria's fourth satellite launched? | {'text': 'December 19, 2011', 'answer_start': 329} |
67,526 | 67,184 | 5ad16b8f645df0001a2d1a98 | generic | Since the armature windings of a direct-current or universal motor are moving through a magnetic field, they have a voltage induced in them. This voltage tends to oppose the motor supply voltage and so is called "back electromotive force (emf)". The voltage is proportional to the running speed of the motor. The back em... | Voltage at the brushes is not equal to what? | {'text': 'back emf results, and more current is drawn from the supply', 'answer_start': 588} |
110,616 | 110,274 | 572f9e5504bcaa1900d76aec | generic | Bacteria display a wide diversity of shapes and sizes, called morphologies. Bacterial cells are about one-tenth the size of eukaryotic cells and are typically 0.5–5.0 micrometres in length. However, a few species are visible to the unaided eye — for example, Thiomargarita namibiensis is up to half a millimetre long and... | Are bacteria cells smaller than eukaryotic cells? | {'text': 'one-tenth the size', 'answer_start': 102} |
111,255 | 110,913 | 5ad27d83d7d075001a4296d0 | generic | In any case, Alexander's toppling of the Achaemenid Empire, after his victories at the battles of the Granicus, Issus and Gaugamela, and his advance as far as modern-day Pakistan and Tajikistan, provided an important outlet for Greek culture, via the creation of colonies and trade routes along the way. While the Alexan... | What Macedonian ruler didn't help to advance Greek beliefs and ways of life? | {'text': "Alexander's", 'answer_start': 13} |
115,893 | 115,551 | 5ad4971eba00c4001a268cc4 | generic | New security features in Windows 8 include two new authentication methods tailored towards touchscreens (PINs and picture passwords), the addition of antivirus capabilities to Windows Defender (bringing it in parity with Microsoft Security Essentials). SmartScreen filtering integrated into Windows, Family Safety offers... | What options don't Parental controls provide? | {'text': "allows parents to monitor and manage their children's activities on a device with activity reports and safety controls", 'answer_start': 346} |
79,026 | 78,684 | 5727fa1aff5b5019007d99bf | generic | English Dominican mysticism in the late medieval period differed from European strands of it in that, whereas European Dominican mysticism tended to concentrate on ecstatic experiences of union with the divine, English Dominican mysticism's ultimate focus was on a crucial dynamic in one's personal relationship with God... | English mysticism was composed of how many elements? | {'text': 'four', 'answer_start': 526} |
127,738 | 127,396 | 5733aa16d058e614000b5fb7 | generic | After the Russian Revolution of 1917 guerrillas throughout Central Asia, known as basmachi, waged a war against Bolshevik armies in a futile attempt to maintain independence. The Bolsheviks prevailed after a four-year war, in which mosques and villages were burned down and the population heavily suppressed. Soviet auth... | Who went to war against Bolshevick armies? | {'text': 'guerrillas throughout Central Asia, known as basmachi', 'answer_start': 37} |
70,507 | 70,165 | 5ad41570604f3c001a4002fd | generic | The Constitution of Bermuda came into force on 1 June 1967; it was amended in 1989 and 2003. The head of government is the premier. A cabinet is nominated by the premier and appointed officially by the governor. The legislative branch consists of a bicameral parliament modelled on the Westminster system. The Senate is ... | What is the lower house called, consisting of 11 members? | {'text': 'The House of Assembly', 'answer_start': 451} |
41,914 | 41,572 | 570d6f14fed7b91900d460f0 | generic | Many units are supplemented with a variety of specialized weapons, including the M249 SAW (Squad Automatic Weapon), to provide suppressive fire at the fire-team level. Indirect fire is provided by the M203 grenade launcher. The M1014 Joint Service Combat Shotgun or the Mossberg 590 Shotgun are used for door breaching a... | What gun do designated marksmen use? | {'text': 'M14EBR', 'answer_start': 350} |
111,530 | 111,188 | 57309e2e8ab72b1400f9c5f7 | generic | The most widely used symbol is the flag of Greece, which features nine equal horizontal stripes of blue alternating with white representing the nine syllables of the Greek national motto Eleftheria i thanatos (freedom or death), which was the motto of the Greek War of Independence. The blue square in the upper hoist-si... | This reference also holds significance as what the the Grecian people ? | {'text': 'motto of the Greek War of Independence', 'answer_start': 243} |
6,783 | 6,441 | 56d3897859d6e414001466a2 | generic | The impact of American Idol is also strongly felt in musical theatre, where many of Idol alumni have forged successful careers. The striking effect of former American Idol contestants on Broadway has been noted and commented on. The casting of a popular Idol contestant can lead to significantly increased ticket sales. ... | What job does Debra Byrd do on American Idol? | {'text': 'vocal coach', 'answer_start': 457} |
36,368 | 36,026 | 5a1f5c2554a786001a36b282 | generic | Some systems are capable of multipoint conferencing with no MCU, stand-alone, embedded or otherwise. These use a standards-based H.323 technique known as "decentralized multipoint", where each station in a multipoint call exchanges video and audio directly with the other stations with no central "manager" or other bott... | What technique is used that transmits to an MCU? | {'text': '"decentralized multipoint"', 'answer_start': 154} |
121,178 | 120,836 | 5731e07b0fdd8d15006c65e6 | generic | Egypt recognises only three religions: Islam, Christianity, and Judaism. Other faiths and minority Muslim sects practised by Egyptians, such as the small Bahá'í and Ahmadi community, are not recognised by the state and face persecution since they are labelled as far right groups that threaten Egypt's national security.... | What recognition do Baha'i and Hmadi community get from Egyptian government? | {'text': 'are not recognised by the state', 'answer_start': 183} |
57,761 | 57,419 | 572645e3dd62a815002e8028 | generic | The Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India are geographically considered part of Southeast Asia. Eastern Bangladesh and the Seven Sister States of India are culturally part of Southeast Asia and sometimes considered both South Asian and Southeast Asian. The Seven Sister States of India are also geographically part of Sou... | Which Island is geographically considered a part of Southeast Asia? | {'text': 'The Andaman and Nicobar Islands', 'answer_start': 0} |
8,666 | 8,324 | 56dd35839a695914005b9560 | generic | Older constitutions often vest this power in the cabinet. In the United Kingdom, for example, the tradition whereby it is the prime minister who requests a dissolution of parliament dates back to 1918. Prior to then, it was the entire government that made the request. Similarly, though the modern 1937 Irish constitutio... | When was the convention of prime ministers initiating the dissolution of parliament started? | {'text': '1918', 'answer_start': 196} |
126,161 | 125,819 | 57341210d058e614000b68e5 | generic | The two largest metropolitan areas have subway systems: Lisbon Metro and Metro Sul do Tejo in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area and Porto Metro in the Porto Metropolitan Area, each with more than 35 km (22 mi) of lines. In Portugal, Lisbon tram services have been supplied by the Companhia de Carris de Ferro de Lisboa (Carri... | For how long has the Libon tram service existed? | {'text': 'over a century', 'answer_start': 328} |
8,070 | 7,728 | 56dc78b114d3a41400c268bd | generic | According to a study done by Helmut Fend (who had always been a fierce proponent of comprehensive schools) revealed that comprehensive schools do not help working class students. He compared alumni of the tripartite system to alumni of comprehensive schools. While working class alumni of comprehensive schools were awar... | Who conducted a study on comprehensive schools? | {'text': 'Helmut Fend', 'answer_start': 29} |
8,577 | 8,235 | 56dd26729a695914005b9520 | generic | A tipping point in the evolution of the prime ministership came with the death of Anne in 1714 and the accession of George I to the throne. George spoke no English, spent much of his time at his home in Hanover, and had neither knowledge of, nor interest in, the details of English government. In these circumstances it ... | The reign of which king was a turning point in the growth of the position of prime minister? | {'text': 'George I', 'answer_start': 116} |
73,509 | 73,167 | 5ad419f5604f3c001a40048a | generic | To accommodate the ruling in Hopwood v. Texas banning any use of race in school admissions, the State of Texas passed a law guaranteeing entry to any state university if a student finished in the top 10% of their graduating class. Florida and California have also replaced racial quotas with class rank and other criteri... | What did the law passed by the State of Texas not guarantee? | {'text': 'entry to any state university if a student finished in the top 10% of their graduating class', 'answer_start': 137} |
108,618 | 108,276 | 572f81e104bcaa1900d76a30 | generic | The HMWSSB regulates rainwater harvesting, sewerage services and water supply, which is sourced from several dams located in the suburbs. In 2005, the HMWSSB started operating a 116-kilometre-long (72 mi) water supply pipeline from Nagarjuna Sagar Dam to meet increasing demand. The Telangana Southern Power Distribution... | Which company is responsible for electricity in Hyderabad? | {'text': 'Telangana Southern Power Distribution Company Limited', 'answer_start': 283} |
99,929 | 99,587 | 5a7c8f6fe8bc7e001a9e1ee6 | generic | A major concern of Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit (1807) and of the philosophy of Spirit that he lays out in his Encyclopedia of the Philosophical Sciences (1817–1830) is the interrelation between individual humans, which he conceives in terms of "mutual recognition." However, what Climacus means by the aforementioned... | Which of Hegel's ideas did Climacus accept? | {'text': 'suppression of individuality', 'answer_start': 690} |
49,688 | 49,346 | 5726341a271a42140099d753 | generic | Palmerston died in 1865, and after a brief ministry led by Russell, Derby returned to power. In 1866, Victoria attended the State Opening of Parliament for the first time since Albert's death. The following year she supported the passing of the Reform Act 1867 which doubled the electorate by extending the franchise to ... | How long did Disralei last in office? | {'text': 'only lasted a matter of months', 'answer_start': 657} |
63,731 | 63,389 | 5acf8a0277cf76001a685175 | generic | Bath Rugby play at the Recreation Ground in Bath, and the Somerset County Cricket Club are based at the County Ground in Taunton. The county gained its first Football League club in 2003, when Yeovil Town won promotion to Division Three as Football Conference champions. They had achieved numerous FA Cup victories over ... | What is one of the teams the Yeovil Town have beaten for a FA cup victory? | {'text': 'Brentford', 'answer_start': 682} |
25,150 | 24,808 | 56f8ae169e9bad19000a02f5 | generic | The structure of a gene consists of many elements of which the actual protein coding sequence is often only a small part. These include DNA regions that are not transcribed as well as untranslated regions of the RNA. | Often, how large a part of the structure of a gene is the protein coding sequence? | {'text': 'often only a small part', 'answer_start': 97} |
40,738 | 40,396 | 5ad563b95b96ef001a10ad84 | generic | Following the release of Intel-based Macs, third-party platform virtualization software such as Parallels Desktop, VMware Fusion, and VirtualBox began to emerge. These programs allow users to run Microsoft Windows or previously Windows-only software on Macs at near native speed. Apple also released Boot Camp and Mac-sp... | What do Macs have that makes them unable to run many legacy PC operating systems? | {'text': 'A20 gate', 'answer_start': 699} |
13,224 | 12,882 | 5ace41cd32bba1001ae4a0c7 | generic | In May 2012, Sony Music filed charges against the website IsoHunt. The plaintifs claims in the court document filed at the supreme court of British Columbia: "The IsoHunt Websites have been designed and are operated by the defendants with the sole purpose of profiting from rampant copyright infringement which defendant... | The website IconicHunt had charges filed against them by whom? | {'text': 'Sony Music', 'answer_start': 13} |
97,945 | 97,603 | 572a84d3f75d5e190021fb3a | generic | "The first Ottoman Medrese was created in İznik in 1331 and most Ottoman medreses followed the traditions of Sunni Islam." "When an Ottoman sultan established a new medrese, he would invite scholars from the Islamic world—for example, Murad II brought scholars from Persia, such as ʻAlāʼ al-Dīn and Fakhr al-Dīn who help... | How would a student matriculate to the next level of schooling in the Ottoman Empire? | {'text': 'complete the classes in the lower one', 'answer_start': 2276} |
102,516 | 102,174 | 572e8261c246551400ce4287 | generic | The island would serve Britain as a key military base for its colonial routes. By 1906, when the Famagusta harbour was completed, Cyprus was a strategic naval outpost overlooking the Suez Canal, the crucial main route to India which was then Britain's most important overseas possession. Following the outbreak of the Fi... | Which side did the Ottoman Empire join in World War 1? | {'text': 'Central Powers', 'answer_start': 408} |
39,224 | 38,882 | 5ad39638604f3c001a3fe77d | generic | The FBI often works in conjunction with other Federal agencies, including the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) and U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) in seaport and airport security, and the National Transportation Safety Board in investigating airplane crashes and other critical incidents. Immigration and Customs Enforce... | What agency is responsible for investigating automobile crashes? | {'text': 'National Transportation Safety Board', 'answer_start': 188} |
118,195 | 117,853 | 5a275c96d1a287001a6d0a29 | generic | The report "Mary: Faith and Hope in Christ", by the Anglican-Roman Catholic International Commission, concluded that the teaching about Mary in the two definitions of the Assumption and the Immaculate Conception can be said to be consonant with the teaching of the Scriptures and the ancient common traditions. But the r... | According to the Anglicans what are the teachings on The Assumption and Immaculate conception not cosistant with? | {'text': 'the teaching of the Scriptures and the ancient common traditions', 'answer_start': 245} |
57,545 | 57,203 | 5726876a5951b619008f75e3 | generic | In 1866, the feud between Austria and Prussia finally came to a head. There were several reasons behind this war. As German nationalism grew strongly inside the German Confederation and neither could decide on how Germany was going to be unified into a nation-state. The Austrians favoured the Greater Germany unificatio... | When did the strife between Austria and Prussia erupt? | {'text': '1866', 'answer_start': 3} |
97,416 | 97,074 | 572a6b587a1753140016af2b | generic | In 1929, Lionel Robbins assumed the helm of the London School of Economics (LSE). Eager to promote alternatives to what he regarded as the narrow approach of the school of economic thought that then dominated the English-speaking academic world (centred at the University of Cambridge and deriving largely from the work ... | In regards to economics, Lionel Robbins believe English-speaking academics had what? | {'text': 'narrow approach', 'answer_start': 139} |
75,060 | 74,718 | 5727dcc53acd2414000dee4d | generic | Both Roger Williams and John Clarke, his compatriot and coworker for religious freedom, are variously credited as founding the earliest Baptist church in North America. In 1639, Williams established a Baptist church in Providence, Rhode Island, and Clarke began a Baptist church in Newport, Rhode Island. According to a ... | Clarke was what to Williams? | {'text': 'his compatriot and coworker for religious freedom', 'answer_start': 37} |
56,264 | 55,922 | 57267077dd62a815002e84e9 | generic | All notable wrestlers now enter the ring accompanied by music, and regularly add other elements to their entrance. The music played during the ring entrance will usually mirror the wrestler's personality. Many wrestlers, particularly in America, have music and lyrics specially written for their ring entrance. While inv... | What happens with many wrestlers? | {'text': 'have music and lyrics specially written for their ring entrance', 'answer_start': 246} |
11,694 | 11,352 | 56de86024396321400ee29ef | generic | Schwarzenegger wanted to move from bodybuilding into acting, finally achieving it when he was chosen to play the role of Hercules in 1970's Hercules in New York. Credited under the name "Arnold Strong," his accent in the film was so thick that his lines were dubbed after production. His second film appearance was as a ... | What was Schwarzenegger's first film role? | {'text': 'Hercules', 'answer_start': 121} |
68,244 | 67,902 | 5726b149dd62a815002e8d0d | generic | Midtown Raleigh is a residential and commercial area just North of the I-440 Beltline and is part of North Raleigh. It is roughly framed by Glenwood/Creedmoor Road to the West, Wake Forest Road to the East, and Millbrook Road to the North. It includes shopping centers such as North Hills and Crabtree Valley Mall. It al... | Who was the area developer? | {'text': 'John Kane', 'answer_start': 464} |
63,374 | 63,032 | 5a711df70efcfe001a8afd50 | generic | Some evidence shows that alternatives to pesticides can be equally effective as the use of chemicals. For example, Sweden has halved its use of pesticides with hardly any reduction in crops.[unreliable source?] In Indonesia, farmers have reduced pesticide use on rice fields by 65% and experienced a 15% crop increase.[u... | What happened when they reduced pesticide use by 65% in Sweden? | {'text': 'experienced a 15% crop increase', 'answer_start': 286} |
119,719 | 119,377 | 5730efe2e6313a140071cac6 | generic | Many species of birds are economically important. Domesticated and undomesticated birds (poultry and game) are important sources of eggs, meat, and feathers. Songbirds, parrots, and other species are popular as pets. Guano (bird excrement) is harvested for use as a fertilizer. Birds prominently figure throughout human ... | Which birds are popular as pets? | {'text': 'Songbirds, parrots', 'answer_start': 158} |
39,282 | 38,940 | 5ad396d7604f3c001a3fe7a2 | generic | The FBI is headquartered at the J. Edgar Hoover Building in Washington, D.C., with 56 field offices in major cities across the United States. The FBI also maintains over 400 resident agencies across the United States, as well as over 50 legal attachés at United States embassies and consulates. Many specialized FBI func... | How many field offices in major cities does the CIA have? | {'text': '56', 'answer_start': 83} |
37,430 | 37,088 | 5a5a219c9c0277001abe706a | generic | Blues rock acts that pioneered the sound included Cream, The Jimi Hendrix Experience, and The Jeff Beck Group. Cream, in songs like "I Feel Free" (1966) combined blues rock with pop and psychedelia, particularly in the riffs and guitar solos of Eric Clapton. Jimi Hendrix produced a form of blues-influenced psychedelic ... | What artist avoided the use of distortion and pioneered new guitar effects? | {'text': 'Jeff Beck', 'answer_start': 534} |
53,173 | 52,831 | 5ad1a85e645df0001a2d2190 | generic | Incandescent light bulbs come in a range of shapes and sizes. The names of the shapes may be slightly different in some regions. Many of these shapes have a designation consisting of one or more letters followed by one or more numbers, e.g. A55 or PAR38. The letters represent the shape of the bulb. The numbers represen... | How are incandescent light bulbs not designated? | {'text': 'consisting of one or more letters followed by one or more numbers, e.g. A55 or PAR38', 'answer_start': 169} |
100,158 | 99,816 | 572b916d111d821400f38f24 | generic | The Czech dialects spoken in Moravia and Silesia are known as Moravian (moravština). In the Austro-Hungarian Empire, "Bohemian-Moravian-Slovak" was a language citizens could register as speaking (with German, Polish and several others). Of the Czech dialects, only Moravian is distinguished in nationwide surveys by the ... | What are the dialects spoken in Moravia and Silesia known as? | {'text': 'Moravian', 'answer_start': 62} |
101,376 | 101,034 | 572e7b2ecb0c0d14000f1193 | generic | The Seven Years' War was fought between 1755 and 1764, the main conflict occurring in the seven-year period from 1756 to 1763. It involved every great power of the time except the Ottoman Empire, and affected Europe, the Americas, West Africa, India, and the Philippines. Considered a prelude to the two world wars and t... | When was the Seven Year' War fought? | {'text': "The Seven Years' War was fought between 1755 and 1764", 'answer_start': 0} |
19,256 | 18,914 | 56e73e1137bdd419002c3df1 | generic | Start and end dates vary with location and year. Since 1996 European Summer Time has been observed from the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in October; previously the rules were not uniform across the European Union. Starting in 2007, most of the United States and Canada observe DST from the second Sunday in Ma... | What act in the U.S. brought about the 2007 change in DST policy? | {'text': 'the Energy Policy Act of 2005', 'answer_start': 419} |
117,718 | 117,376 | 5730bd1d396df91900096307 | generic | Periodically "clean slate" decrees were signed by rulers which cancelled all the rural (but not commercial) debt and allowed bondservants to return to their homes. Customarily rulers did it at the beginning of the first full year of their reign, but they could also be proclaimed at times of military conflict or crop fa... | Why were the clean slate decrees useful to the rulers of Sumer? | {'text': 'to prevent debts mounting to a degree that they threatened fighting force', 'answer_start': 465} |
124,085 | 123,743 | 5a84d8667cf838001a46aafe | generic | "We used a technique of laying our program out in general debate," he said. When we got to the amendment phase, we would offer our program as a substitute for the Johnson proposal. If we lost in the Committee of the Whole, then we would usually offer it as a motion to recommit and get a vote on that. And if we lost on ... | When the President loses in Committee of the Whole, then what can he file? | {'text': 'motion to recommit and get a vote on that', 'answer_start': 259} |
47,523 | 47,181 | 571a328b4faf5e1900b8a90b | generic | After a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiracial people do not believe it i... | Why were Americans allowed to start checking more than one box to identify their race in the Census in 200? | {'text': 'Because more Americans have insisted on being allowed to acknowledge their mixed racial origins', 'answer_start': 618} |
1,645 | 1,303 | 56cfec4b234ae51400d9c0d0 | generic | Chopin's tombstone, featuring the muse of music, Euterpe, weeping over a broken lyre, was designed and sculpted by Clésinger. The expenses of the funeral and monument, amounting to 5,000 francs, were covered by Jane Stirling, who also paid for the return of the composer's sister Ludwika to Warsaw. Ludwika took Chopin's... | Who paid for Chopin's funeral? | {'text': 'Jane Stirling', 'answer_start': 211} |
101,721 | 101,379 | 5a8dc945df8bba001a0f9c19 | generic | When Richard was five years old, his mother gave birth to a younger brother, but this brother died at four weeks of age. Four years later, Richard gained a sister, Joan, and the family moved to Far Rockaway, Queens. Though separated by nine years, Joan and Richard were close, as they both shared a natural curiosity abo... | What happened to Feyman's younger parent? | {'text': 'died at four weeks of age', 'answer_start': 94} |
36,244 | 35,902 | 5a1f6cbe54a786001a36b2b7 | generic | One of the first demonstrations of the ability for telecommunications to help sign language users communicate with each other occurred when AT&T's videophone (trademarked as the "Picturephone") was introduced to the public at the 1964 New York World's Fair –two deaf users were able to communicate freely with each other... | What was introduced to make extensive research easier over video telephony? | {'text': 'more efficient video codecs and the advent of lower cost high-speed ISDN data and IP (Internet) services', 'answer_start': 794} |
22,116 | 21,774 | 56eaaf2b5a205f1900d6d3f6 | generic | A number of parties have collected survey data, from the public and from experts, to try and gauge the level of corruption and bribery, as well as its impact on political and economic outcomes. A second wave of corruption metrics has been created by Global Integrity, the International Budget Partnership, and many lesse... | A second set of corruption metrics has been compiled by Global Integrity and what other organization? | {'text': 'International Budget Partnership', 'answer_start': 590} |
76,589 | 76,247 | 572781c65951b619008f8b8c | generic | Luke's gospel also describes an interaction between Jesus and the women among the crowd of mourners following him, quoting Jesus as saying "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. For behold, the days are coming when they will say, 'Blessed are the barren and the wombs... | What followed Jesus around? | {'text': 'crowd of mourners', 'answer_start': 82} |
34,560 | 34,218 | 5a1071b9decec90018475675 | generic | Hannover 96 (nickname Die Roten or 'The Reds') is the top local football team that plays in the Bundesliga top division. Home games are played at the HDI-Arena, which hosted matches in the 1974 and 2006 World Cups and the Euro 1988. Their reserve team Hannover 96 II plays in the fourth league. Their home games were pla... | What is the nickname of the Reds? | {'text': 'Hannover 96', 'answer_start': 0} |
13,718 | 13,376 | 56df47738bc80c19004e49e1 | generic | The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), formerly the United Nations Fund for Population Activities, is a UN organization. The UNFPA says it "is the lead UN agency for delivering a world where every pregnancy is wanted, every childbirth is safe and every young person's potential is fulfilled." Their work involves t... | What is the current name of the United Nations Fund for Population Activities? | {'text': 'United Nations Population Fund', 'answer_start': 4} |
47,882 | 47,540 | 571e005cb64a571400c71e63 | generic | The 2000 U.S. Census in the write-in response category had a code listing which standardizes the placement of various write-in responses for automatic placement within the framework of the U.S. Census's enumerated races. Whereas most responses can be distinguished as falling into one of the five enumerated races, there... | How many race options were there? | {'text': 'five enumerated races', 'answer_start': 292} |
3,797 | 3,455 | 56ce3348aab44d1400b88560 | generic | During the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the geologic foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, the ice sheet would help split apart... | What island was once a part of Long Island? | {'text': 'Staten Island', 'answer_start': 350} |
68,904 | 68,562 | 5727024e708984140094d867 | generic | Cardigan formed up his unit and charged the length of the Valley of the Balaclava, under fire from Russian batteries in the hills. The charge of the Light Brigade caused 278 casualties of the 700-man unit. The Light Brigade was memorialized in the famous poem by Alfred Lord Tennyson, "The Charge of the Light Brigade." ... | Who led the charge on the Valley of Balaclava? | {'text': 'Cardigan', 'answer_start': 0} |
44,327 | 43,985 | 570f987980d9841400ab35d6 | generic | Elizabeth's personal fortune has been the subject of speculation for many years. Jock Colville, who was her former private secretary and a director of her bank, Coutts, estimated her wealth in 1971 at £2 million (equivalent to about £25 million today). In 1993, Buckingham Palace called estimates of £100 million "grossl... | What did the Sunday Times estimate Elizabeth's fortune to be in 2015? | {'text': '£340 million', 'answer_start': 470} |
126,413 | 126,071 | 5732813857eb1f1400fd2d4d | generic | The words of the comic playwright P. Terentius Afer reverberated across the Roman world of the mid-2nd century BCE and beyond. Terence, an African and a former slave, was well placed to preach the message of universalism, of the essential unity of the human race, that had come down in philosophical form from the Greeks... | Who again issued the same type of challenge centuries later | {'text': 'Seneca', 'answer_start': 538} |
105,500 | 105,158 | 5a848a6d7cf838001a46a8ee | generic | There have been six instances as of 2009 in which the exemption process was initiated. Of these six, one was granted, one was partially granted, one was denied and three were withdrawn. Donald Baur, in The Endangered Species Act: law, policy, and perspectives, concluded," ... the exemption provision is basically a nonf... | How many exemptions has Donald Baur ruled on? | {'text': 'six', 'answer_start': 16} |
86,066 | 85,724 | 5ad2a9a1d7d075001a429e32 | generic | In December 2008, the CTO of Blitz Games announced that it would bring stereoscopic 3D gaming and movie viewing to Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 with its own technology. This was first demonstrated publicly on PS3 using Sony's own technology in January 2009 at the Consumer Electronics Show. Journalists were shown Wipeout ... | The CEO of Blitz Games announced in December 2008 it would bring what to PS4? | {'text': 'stereoscopic 3D gaming and movie viewing', 'answer_start': 71} |
119,797 | 119,455 | 573125a9e6313a140071cc86 | generic | Many birds show plumage patterns in ultraviolet that are invisible to the human eye; some birds whose sexes appear similar to the naked eye are distinguished by the presence of ultraviolet reflective patches on their feathers. Male blue tits have an ultraviolet reflective crown patch which is displayed in courtship by ... | What covers the eye and acts as a contact lens in many aquatic birds? | {'text': 'nictitating membrane', 'answer_start': 684} |
55,176 | 54,834 | 5a624428f8d794001af1bf04 | generic | The name Shell is linked to The "Shell" Transport and Trading Company. In 1833, the founder's father, Marcus Samuel, founded an import business to sell seashells to London collectors. When collecting seashell specimens in the Caspian Sea area in 1892, the younger Samuel realised there was potential in exporting lamp oi... | What river did Marcus collect shells from in 1907? | {'text': 'Thames', 'answer_start': 577} |
109,945 | 109,603 | 572fb513947a6a140053cbc5 | generic | Database transactions can be used to introduce some level of fault tolerance and data integrity after recovery from a crash. A database transaction is a unit of work, typically encapsulating a number of operations over a database (e.g., reading a database object, writing, acquiring lock, etc.), an abstraction supported... | How can database transactions ensure accuracy after a crash? | {'text': 'fault tolerance', 'answer_start': 61} |
65,310 | 64,968 | 57269560dd62a815002e8a59 | generic | The assertion that the Cubist depiction of space, mass, time, and volume supports (rather than contradicts) the flatness of the canvas was made by Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler as early as 1920, but it was subject to criticism in the 1950s and 1960s, especially by Clement Greenberg. Contemporary views of Cubism are complex, ... | In what year was the assertion made that the flat canvas supported Cubism? | {'text': 'early as 1920', 'answer_start': 174} |
107,099 | 106,757 | 572ee21dc246551400ce476c | generic | The essential usefulness of a transistor comes from its ability to use a small signal applied between one pair of its terminals to control a much larger signal at another pair of terminals. This property is called gain. It can produce a stronger output signal, a voltage or current, which is proportional to a weaker inp... | Why is a transistor so useful? | {'text': 'gain', 'answer_start': 214} |
27,632 | 27,290 | 56fa04418f12f3190063008e | generic | In the late 19th century, after the Berlin conference had ended, European empires sailed with their armies to the Horn of Africa. The imperial clouds wavering over Somalia alarmed the Dervish leader Mohammed Abdullah Hassan, who gathered Somali soldiers from across the Horn of Africa and began one of the longest anti-c... | In what year did Fascist Italy achieve full control of Somalia? | {'text': '1927', 'answer_start': 1198} |
129,516 | 129,174 | 5a83104ce60761001a2eb351 | generic | Another effective way to decrease the transmission rate of infectious diseases is to recognize the effects of small-world networks. In epidemics, there are often extensive interactions within hubs or groups of infected individuals and other interactions within discrete hubs of susceptible individuals. Despite the low i... | What is a way of drastically harming infection rates? | {'text': 'the main focus is on the prevention of transmission jumps', 'answer_start': 674} |
126 | 126 | 138427 | pubqa | The occurrence of a gastrointestinal illness among a class of 96 undergraduate veterinary students in New Zealand prompted laboratory and questionnaire-based investigations. Cryptosporidium parvum was the only enteropathogen identied in 4/7 faecal specimens analysed. The C. parvum isolates carried a rare IIa GP60 allel... | What are the pathogens?
| {'answer_id': 274818, 'document_id': 447650, 'question_id': 138427, 'text': 'Cryptosporidium parvum', 'answer_start': 174, 'answer_category': 'SHORT'} |
104,263 | 103,921 | 5a7711c52d6d7f001a4a9f28 | generic | For decades, the U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English, to the extent of making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools. It was completely unsuccessful, and retreated from that policy in 1948. Puerto Rico was able to maintain its Spanish ... | Was French in Peurto Rico successful? | {'text': 'It was completely unsuccessful', 'answer_start': 203} |
53,028 | 52,686 | 57262605271a42140099d5e5 | generic | The role of the gas is to prevent evaporation of the filament, without introducing significant heat losses. For these properties, chemical inertness and high atomic or molecular weight is desirable. The presence of gas molecules knocks the liberated tungsten atoms back to the filament, reducing its evaporation and allo... | What is a potential problem with the use of gas in a light bulb? | {'text': 'introduces heat losses (and therefore efficiency loss)', 'answer_start': 475} |
60,279 | 59,937 | 5a6bcfa54eec6b001a80a5c3 | generic | Social predation offers the possibility of predators to kill creatures larger than those that members of the species could overpower singly. Lions, hyenas, wolves, dholes, African wild dogs, and piranhas can kill large herbivores that single animals of the same species usually don't dispatch. Social predation allows so... | What method allows herbivores to attack a group of predators? | {'text': 'Social predation', 'answer_start': 0} |
64,644 | 64,302 | 5ace17d032bba1001ae49aae | generic | Ann Arbor was founded in 1824, named for wives of the village's founders and the stands of Bur Oak trees. The University of Michigan moved from Detroit to Ann Arbor in 1837, and the city grew at a rapid rate in the early to mid-20th century. During the 1960s and 1970s, the city gained a reputation as a center for left-... | What Michigan city was founded in 1842? | {'text': 'Ann Arbor', 'answer_start': 0} |
111,939 | 111,597 | 5733f3694776f41900661594 | generic | The TV rights agreement between the Premier League and Sky has faced accusations of being a cartel, and a number of court cases have arisen as a result. An investigation by the Office of Fair Trading in 2002 found BSkyB to be dominant within the pay TV sports market, but concluded that there were insufficient grounds f... | Who investigated the agreement between the Premier League and Sky in 2002? | {'text': 'the Office of Fair Trading', 'answer_start': 173} |
80,879 | 80,537 | 5727b68d2ca10214002d9493 | generic | The Governor of Michigan, Rick Snyder, declared a financial emergency for the city in March 2013, appointing an emergency manager. On July 18, 2013, Detroit filed the largest municipal bankruptcy case in U.S. history. It was declared bankrupt by Judge Steven W. Rhodes of the Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of... | On which date did Detroit file bankruptcy? | {'text': 'July 18, 2013', 'answer_start': 134} |
37,219 | 36,877 | 5ad173ad645df0001a2d1c4e | generic | By summer 1918, a million American soldiers, or "doughboys" as they were often called, of the American Expeditionary Forces were in Europe under the command of John J. Pershing, with 25,000 more arriving every week. The failure of Germany's spring offensive exhausted its reserves and they were unable to launch new offe... | Who had overall command of the African forces in Europe? | {'text': 'John J. Pershing', 'answer_start': 160} |
39,915 | 39,573 | 570e779d0dc6ce19002050b5 | generic | In recent years, Melton, Wyndham and Casey, part of the Melbourne statistical division, have recorded the highest growth rate of all local government areas in Australia. Melbourne could overtake Sydney in population by 2028, The ABS has projected in two scenarios that Sydney will remain larger than Melbourne beyond 205... | In how many scenarios will Sydney remain higher than Melbourne in population beyond 2056? | {'text': 'two', 'answer_start': 250} |
85,451 | 85,109 | 5a7a7f5521c2de001afe9c94 | generic | On 21 December 2011 the bank instituted a programme of making low-interest loans with a term of three years (36 months) and 1% interest to European banks accepting loans from the portfolio of the banks as collateral. Loans totalling €489.2 bn (US$640 bn) were announced. The loans were not offered to European states, bu... | How much does the ECB need to lose in order to pay off it's own debts? | {'text': '€200bn', 'answer_start': 928} |
27,306 | 26,964 | 56f9f869f34c681400b0bf18 | generic | Heartwood (or duramen) is wood that as a result of a naturally occurring chemical transformation has become more resistant to decay. Heartwood formation occurs spontaneously (it is a genetically programmed process). Once heartwood formation is complete, the heartwood is dead. Some uncertainty still exists as to whether... | What adjective describes fully formed heartwood? | {'text': 'dead', 'answer_start': 271} |
99,131 | 98,789 | 5a46f6eb5fd40d001a27dd09 | generic | The Ghoomar dance from Jodhpur Marwar and Kalbeliya dance of Jaisalmer have gained international recognition. Folk music is a large part of Rajasthani culture. Kathputli, Bhopa, Chang, Teratali, Ghindr, Kachchhighori, and Tejaji are examples of traditional Rajasthani culture. Folk songs are commonly ballads which relat... | What is a large part of dholak culture? | {'text': 'Folk music', 'answer_start': 110} |
91,751 | 91,409 | 5728c8284b864d1900164e0f | generic | Paris is located in northern central France. By road it is 450 kilometres (280 mi) south-east of London, 287 kilometres (178 mi) south of Calais, 305 kilometres (190 mi) south-west of Brussels, 774 kilometres (481 mi) north of Marseille, 385 kilometres (239 mi) north-east of Nantes, and 135 kilometres (84 mi) south-eas... | What is the largest island in Paris? | {'text': 'Île de la Cité', 'answer_start': 454} |
56,942 | 56,600 | 5726cb515951b619008f7e4c | generic | The National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), located in Mexico City, is the largest university on the continent, with more than 300,000 students from all backgrounds. Three Nobel laureates, several Mexican entrepreneurs and most of Mexico's modern-day presidents are among its former students. UNAM conducts 50% ... | How many students attend UNAM? | {'text': '300,000', 'answer_start': 136} |
15,328 | 14,986 | 56e038497aa994140058e3a6 | generic | Webcomics are comics that are available on the internet. They are able to reach large audiences, and new readers usually can access archived installments. Webcomics can make use of an infinite canvas—meaning they are not constrained by size or dimensions of a page. | Webcomics reach large audiences and new what? | {'text': 'readers', 'answer_start': 105} |
17,368 | 17,026 | 56e14cd0e3433e1400422d80 | generic | In parallel, however, the 19th century saw a Catalan literary revival (Renaixença), which has continued up to the present day. This period starts with Aribau's Ode to the Homeland (1833); followed in the second half of the 19th century, and the early 20th by the work of Verdaguer (poetry), Oller (realist novel), and Gu... | When did Aribau write Ode to the Homeland? | {'text': '1833', 'answer_start': 181} |
109,777 | 109,435 | 5a8c33c9fd22b3001a8d864d | generic | IBM also had their own DBMS in 1966, known as Information Management System (IMS). IMS was a development of software written for the Apollo program on the System/360. IMS was generally similar in concept to CODASYL, but used a strict hierarchy for its model of data navigation instead of CODASYL's network model. Both co... | When did IBM lose their own DBMS? | {'text': '1966', 'answer_start': 31} |
125,885 | 125,543 | 57333879d058e614000b578d | generic | Portugal maintains a unitary semi-presidential republican form of government and is a developed country with an advanced economy, and a high living standard, having the 18th highest Social Progress in the world, putting it ahead of other Western European countries like France, Spain and Italy. It is a member of numerou... | What are three international organizations that Portugal belongs to? | {'text': 'United Nations, the European Union, the Eurozone, OECD, NATO and the Community of Portuguese Language Countries', 'answer_start': 365} |
73,319 | 72,977 | 5ad414a1604f3c001a4002a5 | generic | Ricci v. DeStefano was heard by the United States Supreme Court in 2009. The case concerns White and Hispanic firefighters in New Haven, Connecticut, who upon passing their test for promotions to management were denied the promotions, allegedly because of a discriminatory or at least questionable test. The test gave 17... | Which case concerning White and Hispanic firefighters was heard by the Supreme Court in 2019? | {'text': 'Ricci v. DeStefano', 'answer_start': 0} |
75,916 | 75,574 | 57276f32708984140094dd71 | generic | Various evolutionary ideas had already been proposed to explain new findings in biology. There was growing support for such ideas among dissident anatomists and the general public, but during the first half of the 19th century the English scientific establishment was closely tied to the Church of England, while science... | Which theology did everyone agree science was a part of in the 19th century? | {'text': 'natural theology', 'answer_start': 333} |
75,993 | 75,651 | 572784e7f1498d1400e8faa4 | generic | Darwin had initially decided to call his book An abstract of an Essay on the Origin of Species and Varieties Through natural selection, but with Murray's persuasion it was eventually changed to the snappier title: On the Origin of Species, with the title page adding by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of... | What is the extended name of The Origin of Species that is written on the title page? | {'text': 'by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life', 'answer_start': 267} |
2,443 | 2,101 | 5a8d8412df8bba001a0f9ac8 | generic | At the time of its release, Twilight Princess was considered the greatest entry in the Zelda series by many critics, including writers for 1UP.com, Computer and Video Games, Electronic Gaming Monthly, Game Informer, GamesRadar, IGN, and The Washington Post. It received several Game of the Year awards, and was the most ... | At the time of release what episode of Legend of Radar series was considered the greatest story? | {'text': 'Twilight Princess', 'answer_start': 28} |
90,474 | 90,132 | 5728da9b2ca10214002da9a3 | generic | He does not argue that any such conclusions are therefore true, or that this describes the actual methods of any particular scientist.[citation needed] Rather, it is recommended as an essential principle of methodology that, if enacted by a system or community, will lead to slow but steady progress of a sort (relative ... | What kind of progress does science make given the methodology Popper describes? | {'text': 'slow but steady', 'answer_start': 275} |
76,077 | 75,735 | 5727bd4c2ca10214002d951f | generic | Chapter IX deals with the fact that the geologic record appears to show forms of life suddenly arising, without the innumerable transitional fossils expected from gradual changes. Darwin borrowed Charles Lyell's argument in Principles of Geology that the record is extremely imperfect as fossilisation is a very rare occ... | How long did Darwin estimate the erosion of the Weald to be? | {'text': '300 million years', 'answer_start': 1049} |
115,033 | 114,691 | 5ad3ca05604f3c001a3ff0c1 | generic | At the time structures such as Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions drew attention to the need to expand algebraic structures beyond the associatively multiplicative class. In a review Alexander Macfarlane wrote: "The main idea of the work is not unification of the several methods, nor generalization of ordinary alg... | What did reviewer GB Mathews say algebraic structures did not possess? | {'text': 'unity of design', 'answer_start': 470} |
814 | 472 | 56d4e0532ccc5a1400d832d5 | generic | The feminism and female empowerment themes on Beyoncé's second solo album B'Day were inspired by her role in Dreamgirls and by singer Josephine Baker. Beyoncé paid homage to Baker by performing "Déjà Vu" at the 2006 Fashion Rocks concert wearing Baker's trademark mini-hula skirt embellished with fake bananas. Beyoncé's... | What song did Beyoncé sing at a 2006 concert to honor Josephine Baker? | {'text': 'Déjà Vu', 'answer_start': 195} |
55,318 | 54,976 | 57263cb938643c19005ad358 | generic | In 2010, a leaked cable revealed that Shell claims to have inserted staff into all the main ministries of the Nigerian government and know "everything that was being done in those ministries", according to Shell's top executive in Nigeria. The same executive also boasted that the Nigerian government had forgotten about... | Documents released in 2009 showed that Shell made regular payments to which entity? | {'text': 'the Nigerian military', 'answer_start': 462} |
12,999 | 12,657 | 5ace295332bba1001ae49c2c | generic | In 2004, SME and Bertelsmann Music Group merged as Sony BMG Music Entertainment. When Sony acquired BMG's half of the conglomerate in 2008, Sony BMG reverted to the SME name. The buyout led to the dissolution of BMG, which then relaunched as BMG Rights Management. Out of the "Big Three" record companies, with Universal... | In 2018, Sony BMG reverted to what name? | {'text': 'SME', 'answer_start': 165} |
109,701 | 109,359 | 572faad8b2c2fd14005682e8 | generic | The presence of pain in an animal cannot be known for certain, but it can be inferred through physical and behavioral reactions. Specialists currently believe that all vertebrates can feel pain, and that certain invertebrates, like the octopus, might too. As for other animals, plants, or other entities, their ability t... | An animals physical and behavioral reactions may be inferred to indicate the presence of what? | {'text': 'pain', 'answer_start': 16} |
76,325 | 75,983 | 572814fa3acd2414000df40a | generic | In a new and effective tactic, the Popular Front launched a rail blockade of Armenia, which caused petrol and food shortages because 85 percent of Armenia's freight came from Azerbaijan. Under pressure from the Popular Front the Communist authorities in Azerbaijan started making concessions. On September 25, they passe... | When was the sovereignty law passed? | {'text': 'September 25', 'answer_start': 296} |
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