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A railway electrification system supplies electric power to railway trains and trams without an on-board prime mover or local fuel supply. Electrification has many advantages but requires significant capital expenditure. Selection of an electrification system is based on economics of energy supply, maintenance, and cap...
What is the main disadvantage of railway electrification?
{'text': 'significant capital expenditure', 'answer_start': 188}
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Oklahoma City is on the I-35 Corridor and is one of the primary travel corridors into neighboring Texas and Mexico. Located in the Frontier Country region of the state, the city's northeast section lies in an ecological region known as the Cross Timbers. The city was founded during the Land Run of 1889, and grew to a p...
What was the name of the building involved in the bombing?
{'text': 'Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building', 'answer_start': 435}
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The war entered a new phase with the unprecedented defeat of the Japanese at Battle of Suixian-Zaoyang and 1st Battle of Changsha. After these victories, Chinese nationalist forces launched a large-scale counter-offensive in early 1940; however, due to its low military-industrial capacity, it was repulsed by Japanese a...
In what city did Japan set up a provisional capital?
{'text': 'Chungking', 'answer_start': 802}
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During the first four days of the war, the general population of the Arab world believed Arab radio station fabrications of imminent Arab victory. On 9 June, Nasser appeared on television to inform Egypt's citizens of their country's defeat. He announced his resignation on television later that day, and ceded all presi...
Who rejected Nasser's offer to become the new president?
{'text': 'Zakaria Mohieddin', 'answer_start': 362}
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Fearing the worst, the Romans began a major mobilization, all but pulling out of recently pacified Spain and Gaul. They even established a major garrison in Sicily in case the Seleucids ever got to Italy. This fear was shared by Rome's Greek allies, who had largely ignored Rome in the years after the Second Macedonian ...
Why did the Romans decide to withdraw their forces from Greece?
{'text': 'assuming (or hoping) that the lack of a major Greek power would ensure a stable peace', 'answer_start': 1570}
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Some developing countries that had seen strong economic growth saw significant slowdowns. For example, growth forecasts in Cambodia show a fall from more than 10% in 2007 to close to zero in 2009, and Kenya may achieve only 3–4% growth in 2009, down from 7% in 2007. According to the research by the Overseas Development...
How much were remittances sent from migrant workers in 2007?
{'text': '$251 billion', 'answer_start': 485}
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In the winter and spring of 2011 a large outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in Skellefte municipality, Sweden. This study summarizes the outbreak investigation in terms of outbreak size, duration, clinical characteristics, possible source(s) and the potential for earlier detection using calls to a health advice lin...
What is the source of contamination?
{'answer_id': 265064, 'document_id': 394251, 'question_id': 138456, 'text': 'municipal water treat- ment plant (WTP) ', 'answer_start': 4338, 'answer_category': 'LONG'}
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In a switching circuit, the idea is to simulate, as near as possible, the ideal switch having the properties of open circuit when off, short circuit when on, and an instantaneous transition between the two states. Parameters are chosen such that the "off" output is limited to leakage currents too small to affect connec...
What can help a switch work more efficiently?
{'text': 'connected circuitry', 'answer_start': 314}
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The terms 'federalism' and 'confederalism' both have a root in the Latin word foedus, meaning treaty, pact or covenant. Their common meaning until the late eighteenth century was a simple league or inter-governmental relationship among sovereign states based upon a treaty. They were therefore initially synonyms. It was...
What did James Madison referred to the new United States as?
{'text': "'neither a national nor a federal Constitution, but a composition of both", 'answer_start': 412}
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The required beliefs of these clauses include belief in a Supreme Being and belief in a future state of rewards and punishments. (Tennessee Constitution Article IX, Section 2 is one such example.) Some of these same states specify that the oath of office include the words "so help me God." In some cases these beliefs (...
Requiring oaths invoking God are today deemed to not be in violation of what?
{'text': 'federal First Amendment', 'answer_start': 521}
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The ability to store and execute lists of instructions called programs makes computers extremely versatile, distinguishing them from calculators. The Church–Turing thesis is a mathematical statement of this versatility: any computer with a minimum capability (being Turing-complete) is, in principle, capable of performi...
The mathematical statement of computers versatility is known as what?
{'text': 'The Church–Turing thesis', 'answer_start': 146}
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The city's FM radio band features RTÉ Radio 1, RTÉ 2fm, RTÉ lyric fm, RTÉ Raidió na Gaeltachta, Today FM, 4fm, Newstalk and the religious station Spirit Radio. There are also local stations such as Cork's 96FM, Cork's Red FM, C103, CUH 102.0FM, UCC 98.3FM (formerly Cork Campus Radio 97.4fm) and Christian radio station ...
In what year did Life 93.1FM go on the air in Cork?
{'text': '1980s', 'answer_start': 584}
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Valencia's port is the biggest on the Mediterranean western coast, the first of Spain in container traffic as of 2008 and the second of Spain in total traffic, handling 20% of Spain's exports. The main exports are foodstuffs and beverages. Other exports include oranges, furniture, ceramic tiles, fans, textiles and iron...
What type of fruit is exported from Valencia?
{'text': 'oranges', 'answer_start': 262}
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For at least a century before the establishment of the Augustan principate, Jews and Judaism were tolerated in Rome by diplomatic treaty with Judaea's Hellenised elite. Diaspora Jews had much in common with the overwhelmingly Hellenic or Hellenised communities that surrounded them. Early Italian synagogues have left fe...
What means guaranteed the Jews and Judaism in Rome?
{'text': 'treaty', 'answer_start': 130}
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Opera debuted in 1996; it has never achieved widespread use, having less than 2% browser usage share as of February 2012 according to Net Applications. Its Opera-mini version has an additive share, in April 2011 amounting to 1.1% of overall browser use, but focused on the fast-growing mobile phone web browser market, b...
Opera focused on which quickly growing market?
{'text': 'mobile phone web browser', 'answer_start': 286}
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Originally based on the English alphabet, ASCII encodes 128 specified characters into seven-bit integers as shown by the ASCII chart on the right. The characters encoded are numbers 0 to 9, lowercase letters a to z, uppercase letters A to Z, basic punctuation symbols, control codes that originated with Teletype machine...
How many specific characters are there in the ASCII Teletype machines?
{'text': '128 specified characters', 'answer_start': 56}
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Most of the Low Countries had come under the rule of the House of Burgundy and subsequently the House of Habsburg. In 1549 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V issued the Pragmatic Sanction, which further unified the Seventeen Provinces under his rule. Charles was succeeded by his son, King Philip II of Spain. In 1568 the Neth...
Name two reasons why the Low Countries turned against Philip II?
{'text': 'high taxes, persecution of Protestants by the government', 'answer_start': 395}
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In a new and effective tactic, the Popular Front launched a rail blockade of Armenia, which caused petrol and food shortages because 85 percent of Armenia's freight came from Azerbaijan. Under pressure from the Popular Front the Communist authorities in Azerbaijan started making concessions. On September 25, they passe...
What shortages were caused by the blockade?
{'text': 'petrol and food', 'answer_start': 99}
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In 2012, New York City had the lowest overall crime rate and the second lowest murder rate among the largest U.S. cities, having become significantly safer after a spike in crime in the 1970s through 1990s. Violent crime in New York City decreased more than 75% from 1993 to 2005, and continued decreasing during periods...
What was the low record for homicides in 2014 in NYC?
{'text': '328', 'answer_start': 1033}
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Possible improvements include clarification of clinical trial regulations by FDA. Furthermore, appropriate economic incentives could persuade pharmaceutical companies to invest in this endeavor. Antibiotic Development to Advance Patient Treatment (ADAPT) Act aims to fast track the drug development to combat the growing...
Who aims to fast track healthcare professionals?
{'text': 'Antibiotic Development to Advance Patient Treatment', 'answer_start': 195}
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During the initial punk era, a variety of entrepreneurs interested in local punk-influenced music scenes began founding independent record labels, including Rough Trade (founded by record shop owner Geoff Travis) and Factory (founded by Manchester-based television personality Tony Wilson). By 1977, groups began pointed...
WHich independent music company was founded by Geoff Travis?
{'text': 'Rough Trade', 'answer_start': 157}
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The first British Mont Blanc ascent was in 1788; the first female ascent in 1819. By the mid-1850s Swiss mountaineers had ascended most of the peaks and were eagerly sought as mountain guides. Edward Whymper reached the top of the Matterhorn in 1865 (after seven attempts), and in 1938 the last of the six great north fa...
When was the first female ascent on Mont Blanc?
{'text': '1819', 'answer_start': 76}
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In 1964, CBS established its own UK distribution with the acquisition of Oriole Records. EMI continued to distribute Epic and Okeh label material on the Columbia label in the UK until the distribution deal with EMI expired in 1968 when CBS took over distribution.
The distribution deal with CBS expired in what year?
{'text': '1968', 'answer_start': 226}
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Promote and Publicize the Party's Agenda. An important aim of the minority leader is to develop an electorally attractive agenda of ideas and proposals that unites his or her own House members and that energizes and appeals to core electoral supporters as well as independents and swing voters. Despite the minority lead...
How many Republicans are affiliated with the GOP?
{'text': '218', 'answer_start': 620}
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In the diffuse-porous woods, the demarcation between rings is not always so clear and in some cases is almost (if not entirely) invisible to the unaided eye. Conversely, when there is a clear demarcation there may not be a noticeable difference in structure within the growth ring.
What adjective describes how our eyes function without a tool like a microscope to help?
{'text': 'unaided', 'answer_start': 145}
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St. John's served as the capital city of the Colony of Newfoundland and the Dominion of Newfoundland before Newfoundland became Canada's tenth province in 1949. The city now serves as the capital of Newfoundland and Labrador, therefore the provincial legislature is located in the city. The Confederation Building, locat...
What city became the capital of Newfoundland when it joined Canada?
{'text': "St. John's", 'answer_start': 0}
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The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR; Russian: Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика, tr. Rossiyskaya Sovetskaya Federativnaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika listen (help·info)) commonly referred to as Soviet Russia or simply as Russia, was a sovereign state i...
The RSFSR contains how many oblasts?
{'text': 'forty', 'answer_start': 625}
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Evolutionary ideas, although not natural selection, were accepted by German biologists accustomed to ideas of homology in morphology from Goethe's Metamorphosis of Plants and from their long tradition of comparative anatomy. Bronn's alterations in his German translation added to the misgivings of conservatives, but ent...
What led to more misgivings of conservative scientists when Bronn's German translation of On the Origin of Species was published?
{'text': "Bronn's alterations in his German translation added to the misgivings of conservatives", 'answer_start': 225}
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Some Western writers claim that the immaculate conception of Mary is a teaching of Islam. Thus, commenting in 1734 on the passage in the Qur'an, "I have called her Mary; and I commend her to thy protection, and also her issue, against Satan driven away with stones", George Sale stated: "It is not improbable that the pr...
Who says it is not that the concept of the Immaculat conception is taken from the Qur'an?
{'text': 'George Sale', 'answer_start': 267}
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Most wrestling matches last for a set number of falls, with the first side to achieve the majority number of pinfalls, submissions, or countouts being the winner. Historically, matches were wrestled to 3 falls ("best 2 out of 3") or 5 falls ("best 3 out of 5"). The standard for modern matches is one fall. However, even...
How long can a title match be?
{'text': 'title matches can go for up to one hour', 'answer_start': 687}
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By 1939, in his Prolegomena for the Oxford Shakespeare, McKerrow had changed his mind about this approach, as he feared that a later edition – even if it contained authorial corrections – would "deviate more widely than the earliest print from the author's original manuscript." He therefore concluded that the correct p...
What work was the first to see McKerrow use his new method?
{'text': 'Prolegomena for the Oxford Shakespeare', 'answer_start': 16}
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At a minimum, HDTV has twice the linear resolution of standard-definition television (SDTV), thus showing greater detail than either analog television or regular DVD. The technical standards for broadcasting HDTV also handle the 16:9 aspect ratio images without using letterboxing or anamorphic stretching, thus increasi...
HDTV handles what aspect ratio without using letterboxing or anamorphic stretching?
{'text': '16:9', 'answer_start': 229}
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The fourth Digimon series, which began airing on April 7, 2002, radically departs from the previous three by focusing on a new and very different kind of evolution, Spirit Evolution, in which the human characters use their D-Tectors (this series' Digivice) to transform themselves into special Digimon called Legendary W...
What was the main focus surrounding the fourth series?
{'text': 'Spirit Evolution', 'answer_start': 165}
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The outcome of the First World War was disastrous for both the German Reich and the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. During the war, the Bolsheviks struggled for survival, and Vladimir Lenin recognised the independence of Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland. Moreover, facing a German military ad...
What agreement gave Germany no of Russia in the first world war?
{'text': 'Treaty of Brest-Litovsk', 'answer_start': 375}
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At the end of November, Chopin returned to Paris. He passed the winter in unremitting illness, but gave occasional lessons and was visited by friends, including Delacroix and Franchomme. Occasionally he played, or accompanied the singing of Delfina Potocka, for his friends. During the summer of 1849, his friends found ...
Chopin accompanied which singer for friends?
{'text': 'Delfina Potocka', 'answer_start': 241}
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The Reed Dance today is not an ancient ceremony but a development of the old "umchwasho" custom. In "umchwasho", all young girls were placed in a female age-regiment. If any girl became pregnant outside of marriage, her family paid a fine of one cow to the local chief. After a number of years, when the girls had reache...
What is an ancient ceremony?
{'text': 'The Reed Dance', 'answer_start': 0}
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The morning after the election, the major candidates were neck and neck. It was clear that the result in Ohio, along with two other states who had still not declared (New Mexico and Iowa), would decide the winner. Bush had established a lead of around 130,000 votes but the Democrats pointed to provisional ballots that ...
Who did Bush lose the popular vote to in the 2000 election for presidency?
{'text': 'Al Gore', 'answer_start': 1603}
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In the tree a knot is either the base of a side branch or a dormant bud. A knot (when the base of a side branch) is conical in shape (hence the roughly circular cross-section) with the inner tip at the point in stem diameter at which the plant's vascular cambium was located when the branch formed as a bud.
Because a knot's shape is conical, what shape does a cross-section of it have?
{'text': 'circular', 'answer_start': 152}
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In March 2013, Microsoft also amended its certification requirements to allow tablets to use the 1024×768 resolution as a minimum; this change is expected to allow the production of certified Windows 8 tablets in smaller form factors—a market which is currently dominated by Android-based tablets. Despite the reaction o...
How many licenses did Microsoft sell in the first nine months?
{'text': '100 million', 'answer_start': 378}
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The five most prevalent chains are Lotte, Hyundai, Shinsegae, Galleria, AK plaza. Lotte Department Store is the largest, operating more than 40 stores (include outlet, young plaza, foreign branches). Hyundai Department Store has about 14 stores (13dept, 1outlet), and there are 10 stores in Shinsegae. Shinsegae has 3 ou...
What store was the smallest department store in the world in 2010?
{'text': 'Shinsegae department store', 'answer_start': 774}
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The coronation of Charlemagne as emperor on Christmas Day 800 is regarded as a turning point in medieval history, marking a return of the Western Roman Empire, since the new emperor ruled over much of the area previously controlled by the western emperors. It also marks a change in Charlemagne's relationship with the B...
In what settlements did most inhabitants of the Carolingian Empire live?
{'text': 'small farms', 'answer_start': 723}
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A Spanish expedition led by captain Estêvão Gomes, a Portuguese sailing for Emperor Charles V, arrived in New York Harbor in January 1525 aboard the purpose-built caravel "La Anunciada" and charted the mouth of the Hudson River, which he named Rio de San Antonio. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he retu...
What monarch did Estêvão Gomes serve?
{'text': 'Charles V', 'answer_start': 84}
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Japan conscripted many soldiers from its colonies of Korea and Formosa (Taiwan). To a small extent, some Vichy French, Indian National Army, and Burmese National Army forces were active in the area of the Pacific War. Collaborationist units from Hong Kong (reformed ex-colonial police), Philippines, Dutch East Indies (t...
What French forces assisted Japan?
{'text': 'Vichy', 'answer_start': 105}
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In November 2013, Somalia received its first fiber optic connection. The country previously had to rely on expensive satellite links due to the civil conflict, which limited internet usage. However, residents now have access to broadband internet cable for the first time after an agreement reached between Hormuud Telec...
What year did Somalia receive its first fiber optic connection?
{'text': '2013', 'answer_start': 12}
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The final chapter reviews points from earlier chapters, and Darwin concludes by hoping that his theory might produce revolutionary changes in many fields of natural history. Although he avoids the controversial topic of human origins in the rest of the book so as not to prejudice readers against his theory, here he ven...
What hopes does Darwin have for his theory in the natural history fields?
{'text': 'that his theory might produce revolutionary changes', 'answer_start': 87}
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The Heian period (平安時代, Heian jidai?) is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. The period is named after the capital city of Heian-kyō, or modern Kyōto. It is the period in Japanese history when Buddhism, Taoism and other Chinese influences were at their height. The Heian period is ...
The Heian period is named after what city?
{'text': 'Heian-kyō', 'answer_start': 162}
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The humanists' close study of Latin literary texts soon enabled them to discern historical differences in the writing styles of different periods. By analogy with what they saw as decline of Latin, they applied the principle of ad fontes, or back to the sources, across broad areas of learning, seeking out manuscripts o...
How were humanist able to identify the development of humanist thought?
{'text': 'Latin literary texts', 'answer_start': 30}
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The Berggarten is an important European botanical garden.[citation needed] Some points of interest are the Tropical House, the Cactus House, the Canary House and the Orchid House, which hosts one of the world's biggest collection of orchids, and free-flying birds and butterflies. Near the entrance to the Berggarten is ...
Other than orchids and birds, what else is housed in the Orchid House?
{'text': 'butterflies', 'answer_start': 268}
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In the U.S., a push for revisions of the FD&C Act emerged from Congressional hearings led by Senator Estes Kefauver of Tennessee in 1959. The hearings covered a wide range of policy issues, including advertising abuses, questionable efficacy of drugs, and the need for greater regulation of the industry. While momentum ...
What were the major issues that needed to be revised?
{'text': 'advertising abuses, questionable efficacy of drugs, and the need for greater regulation of the industry', 'answer_start': 200}
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Article 10 of the Berne Convention mandates that national laws provide for limitations to copyright, so that copyright protection does not extend to certain kinds of uses that fall under what the treaty calls "fair practice," including but not limited to minimal quotations used in journalism and education. The laws imp...
What does Article 10 of the Berne Convention call certain uses that limit copyright?
{'text': 'fair practice', 'answer_start': 210}
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His sister Ancilla would soon be diagnosed with stomach cancer in the early 1950s. Roncalli's last letter to her was dated on 8 November 1953 where he promised to visit her within the next week. He could not keep that promise, as Ancilla died on 11 November 1953 at the time when he was consecrating a new church in Veni...
Where did Roncalli's sister want to be buried in her will?
{'text': "in the crypt of Saint Mark's in Venice", 'answer_start': 441}
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On 26 February 2012, The Sun on Sunday was launched to replace the closed News of the World, employing some of its former journalists. In late 2013, it was given a new look, with a new typeface. The average circulation for The Sun on Sunday in March 2014 was 1,686,840; but in May 2015 The Mail on Sunday sold more copie...
In what year was The Sun's look changed?
{'text': '2013', 'answer_start': 143}
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The unemployment rate reached its peak of 20% in 2005. Since then, it has decreased to 7% in 2013, which is only slightly above the national average. The decrease is caused on the one hand by the emergence of new jobs and on the other by a marked decrease in the working-age population, caused by emigration and low birt...
What is the current state of unemployment in Thuringia?
{'text': 'it has decreased to 7%', 'answer_start': 67}
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Local law enforcement is divided between County Sheriff's Offices and Municipal Police Departments. Tennessee's Constitution requires that each County have an elected Sheriff. In 94 of the 95 counties the Sheriff is the chief law enforcement officer in the county and has jurisdiction over the county as a whole. Each Sh...
What proportion of Tennessee counties recognize their Sheriff as their head law enforcement official?
{'text': '94 of the 95', 'answer_start': 179}
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London is a major global centre of higher education teaching and research and its 43 universities form the largest concentration of higher education institutes in Europe. According to the QS World University Rankings 2015/16, London has the greatest concentration of top class universities in the world and the internati...
What is the approximate number of international students studying in London?
{'text': '110,000', 'answer_start': 351}
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As of 2011, there have been six series — Digimon Adventure, the follow-up sequel Digimon Adventure 02, Digimon Tamers, Digimon Frontier, Digimon Data Squad and Digimon Fusion. The first two series take place in the same fictional universe, but the third, fourth, fifth and sixth each occupy their own unique world. Each ...
What is unique in each series?
{'text': 'storyline', 'answer_start': 361}
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In addition to school sixth forms at St Anne's and King Edward's there are two sixth form colleges: Itchen College and Richard Taunton Sixth Form College. A number of Southampton pupils will travel outside the city, for example to Barton Peveril College. Southampton City College is a further education college serving t...
How many standalone sixth form colleges are there in Southampton?
{'text': 'two', 'answer_start': 75}
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In 1762, George III acquired Buckingham House and it was enlarged over the next 75 years. During the 18th century, London was dogged by crime, and the Bow Street Runners were established in 1750 as a professional police force. In total, more than 200 offences were punishable by death, including petty theft. Most childr...
What was the name of the police force established in London in 1750?
{'text': 'the Bow Street Runners', 'answer_start': 147}
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In 2008, TCM won a Peabody Award for excellence in broadcasting. In April 2010, Turner Classic Movies held the first TCM Classic Film Festival, an event – now held annually – at the Grauman's Chinese Theater and the Grauman's Egyptian Theater in Hollywood. Hosted by Robert Osborne, the four-day long annual festival cel...
In what year did TCM receive a film legacy?
{'text': '2008', 'answer_start': 3}
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Some opponents further claim that affirmative action has undesirable side-effects and that it fails to achieve its goals. They argue that it hinders reconciliation, replaces old wrongs with new wrongs, undermines the achievements of minorities, and encourages groups to identify themselves as disadvantaged, even if they...
When was there a vote regarding affirmative action in Michigan?
{'text': '2006', 'answer_start': 736}
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In the past, the Malays used to call the Portuguese Serani from the Arabic Nasrani, but the term now refers to the modern Kristang creoles of Malaysia.
To whom does the term Serani now refer?
{'text': 'modern Kristang creoles of Malaysia.', 'answer_start': 115}
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In 1063, Ferdinand I of Castile divided his realm among his sons, and the Kingdom of Galicia was granted to Garcia II of Galicia. In 1072, it was forcibly annexed by Garcia's brother Alfonso VI of León; from that time Galicia was united with the Kingdom of León under the same monarchs. In the 13th century Alfonso X of ...
Galicia then became part of which Kingdom?
{'text': 'Kingdom of León', 'answer_start': 246}
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Elizabeth I of England, primarily interested in trade with the east, collaborated with English merchants to form the first trading companies to the far-flung regions, using their own jargon. Their goals were to obtain trading concessions by treaty. The queen chartered the Company of Merchants of the Levant, shortened t...
What company was charted in 1600 for trade to the East Indies?
{'text': 'The East India Company', 'answer_start': 787}
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The United States Air Force (USAF) is the aerial warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven American uniformed services. Initially part of the United States Army, the USAF was formed as a separate branch of the military on 18 September 1947 under the National Security Act of 1947. It ...
What act formed the USAF?
{'text': 'National Security Act of 1947', 'answer_start': 286}
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Chris Daughtry's performance of Fuel's "Hemorrhage (In My Hands)" on the show was widely praised and led to an invitation to join the band as Fuel's new lead singer, an invitation he declined. His performance of Live's version of "I Walk the Line" was well received by the judges but later criticized in some quarters fo...
Who performed a Fuel song on this season?
{'text': 'Chris Daughtry', 'answer_start': 0}
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Following the end of the Cold War, the threat of direct conventional military confrontation with other states has been replaced by terrorism. Sir Richard Dannatt predicted British forces to be involved in combating "predatory non-state actors" for the foreseeable future, in what he called an "era of persistent conflict...
Who was involved with terrorism in the Cold War?
{'text': 'other states', 'answer_start': 97}
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Minority leaders may engage in numerous activities to publicize their party's priorities and to criticize the opposition's. For instance, to keep their party colleagues "on message," they insure that partisan colleagues are sent packets of suggested press releases or "talking points" for constituent meetings in their d...
What does the public organize to talk about health care and education?
{'text': '"town meetings"', 'answer_start': 352}
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In 1954, Eisenhower articulated the domino theory in his outlook towards communism in Southeast Asia and also in Central America. He believed that if the communists were allowed to prevail in Vietnam, this would cause a succession of countries to fall to communism, from Laos through Malaysia and Indonesia ultimately to...
What country was made a full partner in NATO as the result of the failure of EDC?
{'text': 'West Germany', 'answer_start': 749}
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In Thailand, a kingdom that has had a constitution since the initial attempt to overthrow the absolute monarchy system in 1932, the rule of law has been more of a principle than actual practice.[citation needed] Ancient prejudices and political bias have been present in the three branches of government with each of the...
What has been eradicated from the three branches of Thailand's government?
{'text': 'Ancient prejudices and political bias', 'answer_start': 212}
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Almost 60 years later, 80 year old career criminal Henry (Harry) James Burge claimed to have committed the theft, confessing to a newspaper, with the story being published in the Sunday Pictorial newspaper on 23 February 1958. He claimed to have carried out the robbery with two other men, although when discrepancies wi...
Who returned the FA cup?
{'text': 'Henry (Harry) James Burge', 'answer_start': 51}
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Thailand: The April 18 relay through Bangkok was the Olympic flame's first visit to Thailand. The relay covered just over 10 km, and included Bangkok's Chinatown. The torch was carried past Democracy Monument, Chitralada Palace and a number of other city landmarks. M.R. Narisa Chakrabongse, Green World Foundation (GW...
The relay route was a little over how many kilometers?
{'text': '10', 'answer_start': 124}
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The amount of signal received from a distant transmission source is essentially geometric in nature due to the inverse square law, and this leads to the concept of effective area. This measures the performance of an antenna by comparing the amount of power it generates to the amount of power in the original signal, mea...
What accounts for the geometry involved in the use of an antenna?
{'text': 'inverse square law', 'answer_start': 111}
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Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for s...
In what season was Donna Summer a guest judge on American Idol?
{'text': 'season three', 'answer_start': 128}
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In this paper, he described a new system for storing and working with large databases. Instead of records being stored in some sort of linked list of free-form records as in CODASYL, Codd's idea was to use a "table" of fixed-length records, with each table used for a different type of entity. A linked-list system would...
How is data accessed in a table?
{'text': 'A linked-list system', 'answer_start': 294}
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Beijing accepted the aid of the Tzu Chi Foundation from Taiwan late on May 13. Tzu Chi was the first force from outside the People's Republic of China to join the rescue effort. China stated it would gratefully accept international help to cope with the quake.
What did China say they would accept?
{'text': 'international help', 'answer_start': 218}
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Charles Town was a hub of the deerskin trade, the basis of its early economy. Trade alliances with the Cherokee and Creek nations insured a steady supply of deer hides. Between 1699 and 1715, colonists exported an average of 54,000 deer skins annually to Europe through Charles Town. Between 1739 and 1761, the height of...
What is the estimation of deer slaughtered in Charles Town from 1739 to 1761?
{'text': '500,000 to 1,250,000', 'answer_start': 358}
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The story takes place during three years (1933–35) of the Great Depression in the fictional "tired old town" of Maycomb, Alabama, the seat of Maycomb County. It focuses on six-year-old Jean Louise Finch (Scout), who lives with her older brother, Jem, and their widowed father, Atticus, a middle-aged lawyer. Jem and Scou...
In what historical era does the book take place?
{'text': 'the Great Depression', 'answer_start': 54}
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In the early 19th century, the Indigenous American woman Sacagawea, who would help translate for and guide the Lewis and Clark Expedition in the West, married the French trapper Toussaint Charbonneau. Most marriages between Europeans and Indigenous Americans were between European men and Indigenous American women. Depe...
Who married Sacagewea?
{'text': 'French trapper Toussaint Charbonneau', 'answer_start': 163}
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In March 2003, a second rebel group, Movement for Democracy in Liberia, began launching attacks against Taylor from the southeast. Peace talks between the factions began in Accra in June of that year, and Taylor was indicted by the Special Court for Sierra Leone for crimes against humanity that same month. By July 2003...
When did the rebels surrender Monrovia?
{'text': 'July 2003', 'answer_start': 311}
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Historically, and since pre-Hispanic times, the Valley of Anahuac has been one of the most densely populated areas in Mexico. When the Federal District was created in 1824, the urban area of Mexico City extended approximately to the area of today's Cuauhtémoc borough. At the beginning of the 20th century, the elites be...
in 1921, what percent of Mexico City's population Mestizo?
{'text': '54.78', 'answer_start': 482}
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The finals are broadcast in prime time from CBS Television City in Los Angeles, in front of a live studio audience. The finals lasted eight weeks in season one, eleven weeks in subsequent seasons until seasons ten and eleven which lasted twelve weeks except for season twelve, which lasted ten weeks, and season thirteen...
Who was the mentor on season ten of American Idol?
{'text': 'Jimmy Iovine', 'answer_start': 732}
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On March 5, 2005, CBC Television launched a high definition simulcast of its Toronto (CBLT-DT) and Montreal (CBMT-DT) stations. Since that time, the network has also launched HD simulcasts in Vancouver (CBUT-DT), Ottawa (CBOT-DT), Edmonton (CBXT-DT), Calgary (CBRT-DT), Halifax (CBHT-DT), Windsor, (CBET-DT), Winnipeg (C...
What is required to view over-the-air broadcasts?
{'text': 'a regular TV antenna and a digital tuner', 'answer_start': 459}
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In addition, most Grand Lodges require the candidate to declare a belief in a Supreme Being. In a few cases, the candidate may be required to be of a specific religion. The form of Freemasonry most common in Scandinavia (known as the Swedish Rite), for example, accepts only Christians. At the other end of the spectrum,...
Which branch of Freemasonry does not require a belief in a supreme being?
{'text': 'Continental Freemasonry', 'answer_start': 334}
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Translation of a text that is sung in vocal music for the purpose of singing in another language—sometimes called "singing translation"—is closely linked to translation of poetry because most vocal music, at least in the Western tradition, is set to verse, especially verse in regular patterns with rhyme. (Since the lat...
Who translated Chinese chorales into English?
{'text': 'Catherine Winkworth', 'answer_start': 659}
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Hunting is primarily regulated by state law; additional regulations are imposed through United States environmental law in the case of migratory birds and endangered species. Regulations vary widely from state to state and govern the areas, time periods, techniques and methods by which specific game animals may be hunt...
What additional type of law applies in the case of migratory birds and endangered species?
{'text': 'environmental', 'answer_start': 102}
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Though almost any variety of acoustic mandolin might be adequate for Irish traditional music, virtually all Irish players prefer flat-backed instruments with oval sound holes to the Italian-style bowl-back mandolins or the carved-top mandolins with f-holes favoured by bluegrass mandolinists. The former are often too so...
Which type mandolin had a tendency not to stay in the player's lap?
{'text': 'the carved-top mandolins with f-holes', 'answer_start': 219}
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9,925
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generic
The Western family includes Parthian (Arsacid Pahlavi) and Middle Persian, while Bactrian, Sogdian, Khwarezmian, Saka, and Old Ossetic (Scytho-Sarmatian) fall under the Eastern category. The two languages of the Western group were linguistically very close to each other, but quite distinct from their eastern counterpar...
Which language bears a resemblance to the diversity of eastern Iranian languages?
{'text': 'Avestan', 'answer_start': 425}
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Since it was quite easy to stack interconnections (wires) inside the embedding matrix, the approach allowed designers to forget completely about the routing of wires (usually a time-consuming operation of PCB design): Anywhere the designer needs a connection, the machine will draw a wire in straight line from one locat...
What arduous aspect of the process can designers skip in Multiwire?
{'text': 'routing of wires', 'answer_start': 149}
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By 1954, Olympic Games apparatus and events for both men and women had been standardized in modern format, and uniform grading structures (including a point system from 1 to 15) had been agreed upon. At this time, Soviet gymnasts astounded the world with highly disciplined and difficult performances, setting a preceden...
What year and where was the first perfect score given?
{'text': '1976 Summer Olympics held in Montreal, Canada', 'answer_start': 624}
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The final is normally held the Saturday after the Premier League season finishes in May. The only seasons in recent times when this pattern was not followed were 1999–2000, when most rounds were played a few weeks earlier than normal as an experiment, and 2010–11 and 2012–13 when the FA Cup Final was played before the ...
What season were the European Championships played early as an experiment?
{'text': '1999–2000', 'answer_start': 162}
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Several companies, refusing to pay the licensing fee or having been rejected by Nintendo, found ways to circumvent the console's authentication system. Most of these companies created circuits that used a voltage spike to temporarily disable the 10NES chip in the NES. A few unlicensed games released in Europe and Austr...
What did Nintendo do to curb licensed game sales?
{'text': 'threatened retailers', 'answer_start': 522}
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Lancashire has a mostly comprehensive system with four state grammar schools. Not including sixth form colleges, there are 77 state schools (not including Burnley's new schools) and 24 independent schools. The Clitheroe area has secondary modern schools. Sixth form provision is limited at most schools in most districts...
What's the size of the South Ribble school population?
{'text': '77', 'answer_start': 123}
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A distinction can be made between emotional episodes and emotional dispositions. Emotional dispositions are also comparable to character traits, where someone may be said to be generally disposed to experience certain emotions. For example, an irritable person is generally disposed to feel irritation more easily or qui...
What are emotional episodes defined in contrast to?
{'text': 'emotional dispositions', 'answer_start': 57}
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Airborne Interception radar (AI) was unreliable. The heavy fighting in the Battle of Britain had eaten up most of Fighter Command's resources, so there was little investment in night fighting. Bombers were flown with airborne search lights out of desperation[citation needed], but to little avail. Of greater potential w...
Gunlaying radar and RAF controls combined to create what system?
{'text': 'Ground Control-led Interception', 'answer_start': 442}
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On 7 August 1998, al-Qaeda struck the U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania, killing 224 people, including 12 Americans. In retaliation, U.S. President Bill Clinton launched Operation Infinite Reach, a bombing campaign in Sudan and Afghanistan against targets the U.S. asserted were associated with WIFJAJC, although othe...
What operation did Bill Clinton start to retaliate for the 1998 embassy attacks?
{'text': 'Operation Infinite Reach', 'answer_start': 173}
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The Eastern Han, also known as the Later Han, formally began on 5 August 25, when Liu Xiu became Emperor Guangwu of Han. During the widespread rebellion against Wang Mang, the state of Goguryeo was free to raid Han's Korean commanderies; Han did not reaffirm its control over the region until AD 30. The Trưng Sisters of...
Who started a rebellion against Han in the year AD 40?
{'text': 'The Trưng Sisters of Vietnam', 'answer_start': 300}
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Whether there are measurable changes in the sea level relative to the islands of Tuvalu is a contentious issue. There were problems associated with the pre-1993 sea level records from Funafuti which resulted in improvements in the recording technology to provide more reliable data for analysis. The degree of uncertaint...
What device was used to produce the measurements of sea level change on Tuvalu?
{'text': 'satellite', 'answer_start': 620}
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Esoteric or Sufi interpretation attempts to unveil the inner meanings of the Quran. Sufism moves beyond the apparent (zahir) point of the verses and instead relates Quranic verses to the inner or esoteric (batin) and metaphysical dimensions of consciousness and existence. According to Sands, esoteric interpretations ar...
What is another term for Sufi Quranic misinterpretation?
{'text': 'Esoteric', 'answer_start': 0}
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In 1964, Paul VI created a Secretariat for non-Christians, later renamed the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue and a year later a new Secretariat (later Pontifical Council) for Dialogue with Non-Believers. This latter was in 1993 incorporated by Pope John Paul II in the Pontifical Council for Culture, whic...
What is celebrated by the Catholic church on January 1 of every year?
{'text': 'peace day', 'answer_start': 519}
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Men's rhythmic gymnastics is related to both Men's artistic gymnastics and wushu martial arts. It emerged in Japan from stick gymnastics. Stick gymnastics has been taught and performed for many years with the aim of improving physical strength and health. Male athletes are judged on some of the same physical abilities ...
What is the aim of stick gymnastics?
{'text': 'improving physical strength and health', 'answer_start': 216}