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94,856 | 94,514 | 572b7b86be1ee31400cb83dc | generic | Alloys of primarily zinc with small amounts of copper, aluminium, and magnesium are useful in die casting as well as spin casting, especially in the automotive, electrical, and hardware industries. These alloys are marketed under the name Zamak. An example of this is zinc aluminium. The low melting point together with ... | Alloys of zinc mixed with copper, aluminium and magnesium are marketed as what? | {'text': 'Zamak', 'answer_start': 239} |
5,530 | 5,188 | 56d1be69e7d4791d009020ff | generic | Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of various teachings and scriptures, and especially their respective practices. Buddhism denies a creator deity and posits that mundane deities such as Mahabrahma are misperceived to be a creator. The foundations of Buddh... | Of the Ten Meritorious Deeds, giving charity reduces what? | {'text': 'greediness', 'answer_start': 701} |
21,959 | 21,617 | 5ad40114604f3c001a3ffd01 | generic | Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 wa... | Who never modelled the effigies in the museum? | {'text': 'sculptor Patience Wright', 'answer_start': 190} |
58,053 | 57,711 | 5ace993a32bba1001ae4ac16 | generic | In 1903, Brigham Young Academy was dissolved, and was replaced by two institutions: Brigham Young High School, and Brigham Young University. (The BY High School class of 1907 was ultimately responsible for the famous giant "Y" that is to this day embedded on a mountain near campus.) The Board elected George H. Brimhall... | What was George B. Hrimhall elected as? | {'text': 'new President of BYU', 'answer_start': 328} |
105,830 | 105,488 | 5a878e111d3cee001a6a1244 | generic | QED vacuum has interesting and complex properties. In QED vacuum, the electric and magnetic fields have zero average values, but their variances are not zero. As a result, QED vacuum contains vacuum fluctuations (virtual particles that hop into and out of existence), and a finite energy called vacuum energy. Vacuum flu... | What values does vacuum energy have under Coulomb's law? | {'text': 'zero average values', 'answer_start': 104} |
9,474 | 9,132 | 56dde17c9a695914005b9643 | generic | The Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces is the reigning Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, who is represented by the Governor General of Canada. The Canadian Armed Forces is led by the Chief of the Defence Staff, who is advised and assisted by the Armed Forces Council. | Who advises the Chief of the Defence? | {'text': 'the Armed Forces Council.', 'answer_start': 259} |
55,016 | 54,674 | 57267eecdd62a815002e8738 | generic | The 1950s and early 1960s are considered by many to be a golden age of Greek cinema. Directors and actors of this era were recognized as important historical figures in Greece and some gained international acclaim: Irene Papas, Melina Mercouri, Mihalis Kakogiannis, Alekos Sakellarios, Nikos Tsiforos, Iakovos Kambanelis... | Who directed the movie O Drakos in 1956? | {'text': 'Nikos Koundouros', 'answer_start': 620} |
127,948 | 127,606 | 5aceeeed32bba1001ae4b957 | generic | Public education in Tajikistan consists of 11 years of primary and secondary education but the government has plans to implement a 12-year system in 2016. There is a relatively large number of tertiary education institutions including Khujand State University which has 76 departments in 15 faculties, Tajikistan State U... | There is a small number of tertiary education what? | {'text': 'institutions', 'answer_start': 212} |
92,787 | 92,445 | 5728f0f74b864d19001650e9 | generic | Theoretical obligations between a samurai and his lord (usually a daimyo) increased from the Genpei era to the Edo era. They were strongly emphasized by the teachings of Confucius and Mencius (ca 550 BC), which were required reading for the educated samurai class. Bushido was formalized by several influential leaders a... | When was Bushido formalized? | {'text': 'before the Edo Period', 'answer_start': 332} |
6,776 | 6,434 | 56db5ff1e7c41114004b5024 | generic | Various American Idol alumni had success on various record charts around the world; in the U.S. they had achieved 345 number ones on the Billboard charts in its first ten years. According to Fred Bronson, author of books on the Billboard charts, no other entity has ever created as many hit-making artists and best-selli... | How many contestants had at least one million radio spins by 2010? | {'text': 'four', 'answer_start': 628} |
61,373 | 61,031 | 5726f074708984140094d68c | generic | Madonna also began work on her thirteenth studio album, with collaborators including Avicii, Diplo and Natalia Kills. In December 2014, thirteen demos recorded for the album leaked onto the Internet. She posted in response that half of the tracks would not be used on the final release, while the other half had "changed... | What is Madonna's thirteenth album called? | {'text': 'Rebel Heart', 'answer_start': 353} |
66,842 | 66,500 | 5a6287f1f8d794001af1c0b4 | generic | The staple products of Samoa are copra (dried coconut meat), cocoa bean (for chocolate), and bananas. The annual production of both bananas and copra has been in the range of 13,000 to 15,000 metric tons (about 14,500 to 16,500 short tons). If the rhinoceros beetle in Samoa were eradicated, Samoa could produce in exces... | What kind of coffee plants are grown in Samoa? | {'text': 'Most are Criollo-Forastero hybrids', 'answer_start': 459} |
128,376 | 128,034 | 5733b2e14776f41900661088 | generic | Archaeology is the study of the human past through its material remains. Artifacts, faunal remains, and human altered landscapes are evidence of the cultural and material lives of past societies. Archaeologists examine these material remains in order to deduce patterns of past human behavior and cultural practices. Eth... | What do Ethnoarchaeologists gain a better understanding of by studying living human groups? | {'text': 'past human groups', 'answer_start': 501} |
30,080 | 29,738 | 57061a1e75f01819005e7988 | generic | The use of lossy compression is designed to greatly reduce the amount of data required to represent the audio recording and still sound like a faithful reproduction of the original uncompressed audio for most listeners. An MP3 file that is created using the setting of 128 kbit/s will result in a file that is about 1/11... | How many total bit/s would an MP3 compressed at 128 kbit/s have? | {'text': '128,000', 'answer_start': 494} |
23,776 | 23,434 | 56f7eff2aef2371900625c7f | generic | Tito was notable for pursuing a foreign policy of neutrality during the Cold War and for establishing close ties with developing countries. Tito's strong belief in self-determination caused early rift with Stalin and consequently, the Eastern Bloc. His public speeches often reiterated that policy of neutrality and coop... | With whom did Tito's belief in self-determination cause a rift? | {'text': 'Stalin', 'answer_start': 206} |
125,117 | 124,775 | 57327e2db3a91d1900202db3 | generic | In 1957, the state of Arkansas refused to honor a federal court order to integrate their public school system stemming from the Brown decision. Eisenhower demanded that Arkansas governor Orval Faubus obey the court order. When Faubus balked, the president placed the Arkansas National Guard under federal control and sen... | What state refused to integrate its schools in 1957? | {'text': 'Arkansas', 'answer_start': 22} |
44,262 | 43,920 | 5ad35d9b604f3c001a3fdec2 | generic | Elizabeth and Philip were married on 20 November 1947 at Westminster Abbey. They received 2500 wedding gifts from around the world. Because Britain had not yet completely recovered from the devastation of the war, Elizabeth required ration coupons to buy the material for her gown, which was designed by Norman Hartnell.... | How many people attended Elizabeth and Philip's wedding? | {'text': '2500', 'answer_start': 90} |
21,976 | 21,634 | 56e8fe7f0b45c0140094cdce | generic | In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey e... | What kind of furniture is in the restaurant? | {'text': 'English Oak', 'answer_start': 710} |
15,707 | 15,365 | 56e0815f231d4119001ac21e | generic | ADSL-broadband service is provided with maximum speeds of up to 1536 KBit/s downstream and 512 KBit/s upstream offered on contract levels from lite £16 per month to gold+ at £190 per month. There are a few public WiFi hotspots in Jamestown, which are also being operated by SURE (formerly Cable & Wireless). | What is the maximum speed of the broadband service? | {'text': '1536 KBit/s downstream and 512 KBit/s upstream', 'answer_start': 64} |
75,766 | 75,424 | 5a3bdb9ecc5d22001a521bd4 | generic | As the Soga clan had taken control of the throne in the sixth century, the Fujiwara by the ninth century had intermarried with the imperial family, and one of their members was the first head of the Emperor's Private Office. Another Fujiwara became regent, Sesshō for his grandson, then a minor emperor, and yet another ... | Which emperor gave the Fujiware more power? | {'text': 'Daigo', 'answer_start': 488} |
26,105 | 25,763 | 56f8ec5d9e9bad19000a0703 | generic | The regions in their inventory were Assyria, Chaldea, Mesopotamia, Persia, Armenia, Egypt, Arabia, Syria, Palestine, Ethiopia, Caucasus, Libya, Anatolia and Abyssinia. Explicitly excluded is India. No mention is made of the Balkans. | What region has no mention? | {'text': 'the Balkans', 'answer_start': 220} |
18,047 | 17,705 | 56e14b3bcd28a01900c6775e | generic | Universal owned the rights to the "Oswald the Lucky Rabbit" character, although Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks had created Oswald, and their films had enjoyed a successful theatrical run. After Charles Mintz had unsuccessfully demanded that Disney accept a lower fee for producing the property, Mintz produced the films with ... | What character did Walt Disney create in 1928? | {'text': 'Mickey Mouse', 'answer_start': 383} |
21,834 | 21,492 | 5ad3fae4604f3c001a3ffb2c | generic | In the floor, just inside the great west door, in the centre of the nave, is the tomb of The Unknown Warrior, an unidentified British soldier killed on a European battlefield during the First World War. He was buried in the abbey on 11 November 1920. This grave is the only one in the abbey on which it is forbidden to w... | When wan'ts The Unknown Warrior buried? | {'text': '11 November 1920', 'answer_start': 233} |
42,941 | 42,599 | 570df3470dc6ce1900204d4a | generic | Some species of marine animals exist and rely, directly or indirectly, on the phytoplankton. Antarctic sea life includes penguins, blue whales, orcas, colossal squids and fur seals. The emperor penguin is the only penguin that breeds during the winter in Antarctica, while the Adélie penguin breeds farther south than an... | What feature does the rockhopper penguin have around its eyes? | {'text': 'feathers', 'answer_start': 376} |
48,925 | 48,583 | 5acfb19477cf76001a6858e4 | generic | From the caliphate's north-western African bases, a series of raids on coastal areas of the Visigothic Kingdom paved the way to the permanent occupation of most of Iberia by the Umayyads (starting in 711), and on into south-eastern Gaul (last stronghold at Narbonne in 759). Hisham's reign witnessed the end of expansion... | What year did the caliphate's expansion in the west start? | {'text': '732', 'answer_start': 412} |
25,939 | 25,597 | 56f9808b9e9bad19000a09e3 | generic | The brain contains several motor areas that project directly to the spinal cord. At the lowest level are motor areas in the medulla and pons, which control stereotyped movements such as walking, breathing, or swallowing. At a higher level are areas in the midbrain, such as the red nucleus, which is responsible for coor... | Which motor areas of the brain control breathing and swallowing? | {'text': 'the medulla and pons,', 'answer_start': 120} |
69,163 | 68,821 | 5a458afa19a820001a1edaa6 | generic | Capacity building is an ongoing problem experienced by NPOs for a number of reasons. Most rely on external funding (government funds, grants from charitable foundations, direct donations) to maintain their operations and changes in these sources of revenue may influence the reliability or predictability with which the ... | What are two areas that experience problems when Community Solutions has a change in funding? | {'text': 'retain staff, sustain facilities', 'answer_start': 346} |
112,235 | 111,893 | 572fee59b2c2fd14005685f7 | generic | The Jugurthine War of 111–104 BC was fought between Rome and Jugurtha of the North African kingdom of Numidia. It constituted the final Roman pacification of Northern Africa, after which Rome largely ceased expansion on the continent after reaching natural barriers of desert and mountain. Following Jugurtha's usurpatio... | When did the Jugurthine War end? | {'text': '104 BC', 'answer_start': 26} |
95,259 | 94,917 | 57299518af94a219006aa534 | generic | Like most Slavic languages, there are mostly three genders for nouns: masculine, feminine, and neuter, a distinction which is still present even in the plural (unlike Russian and, in part, the Čakavian dialect). They also have two numbers: singular and plural. However, some consider there to be three numbers (paucal or... | Where are adjectives properly placed in the Serbo-Croatian language? | {'text': 'in front of the noun they modify', 'answer_start': 706} |
95,003 | 94,661 | 5acfd0da77cf76001a68617f | generic | In 1982, the US Mint began minting pennies coated in copper but made primarily of zinc. With the new zinc pennies, there is the potential for zinc toxicosis, which can be fatal. One reported case of chronic ingestion of 425 pennies (over 1 kg of zinc) resulted in death due to gastrointestinal bacterial and fungal sepsi... | What did one reported case of ingestion of 4250 pennies result in? | {'text': 'lethargy and ataxia', 'answer_start': 391} |
2,693 | 2,351 | 56cda50b62d2951400fa67af | generic | A high-definition remaster of the game, The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD, is being developed by Tantalus Media for the Wii U. Officially announced during a Nintendo Direct presentation on November 12, 2015, it features enhanced graphics and Amiibo functionality. The game will be released in North America and E... | On what date is Twilight Princess HD scheduled for Australian release? | {'text': 'March 5, 2016', 'answer_start': 360} |
109,556 | 109,214 | 5acd120507355d001abf3346 | generic | In 1968 Ronald Melzack and Kenneth Casey described pain in terms of its three dimensions: "sensory-discriminative" (sense of the intensity, location, quality and duration of the pain), "affective-motivational" (unpleasantness and urge to escape the unpleasantness), and "cognitive-evaluative" (cognitions such as apprais... | How many dimensions of pain are described by Ronald Casey and Kenneth Melzack? | {'text': 'three', 'answer_start': 72} |
49,080 | 48,738 | 571b08d99499d21900609bed | generic | Asphalt/bitumen is typically stored and transported at temperatures around 150 °C (302 °F). Sometimes diesel oil or kerosene are mixed in before shipping to retain liquidity; upon delivery, these lighter materials are separated out of the mixture. This mixture is often called "bitumen feedstock", or BFS. Some dump truc... | What is the liquefied mixture called? | {'text': 'bitumen feedstock', 'answer_start': 278} |
42,557 | 42,215 | 570ddf530b85d914000d7b89 | generic | Changes in secondary sex characteristics include every change that is not directly related to sexual reproduction. In males, these changes involve appearance of pubic, facial, and body hair, deepening of the voice, roughening of the skin around the upper arms and thighs, and increased development of the sweat glands. I... | What was the occupation of the person who devised the Tanner categorization system? | {'text': 'pediatrician', 'answer_start': 658} |
64,044 | 63,702 | 5726df7c5951b619008f80e4 | generic | Yale's central campus in downtown New Haven covers 260 acres (1.1 km2) and comprises its main, historic campus and a medical campus adjacent to the Yale-New Haven Hospital. In western New Haven, the university holds 500 acres (2.0 km2) of athletic facilities, including the Yale Golf Course. In 2008, Yale purchased the ... | What campus did Yale buy in 2008? | {'text': 'former Bayer Pharmaceutical campus', 'answer_start': 340} |
109,225 | 108,883 | 572fe372b2c2fd1400568569 | generic | In the 2015 US News & World Report America's Best Graduate Schools, the law school is ranked 18th nationally, out of over 180 law schools. In particular, its Clinical Education Program is currently ranked 4th in the nation. This year, the median score placed the average student in the 96th percentile of test takers. Th... | When does full-time coursework J.D. begin at the Washington University School of Law begin? | {'text': 'August', 'answer_start': 378} |
43,585 | 43,243 | 5ad0d822645df0001a2d067c | generic | A typical traditional Eritrean dish consists of injera accompanied by a spicy stew, which frequently includes beef, kid, lamb or fish. Overall, Eritrean cuisine strongly resembles those of neighboring Ethiopia, Eritrean cooking tend to feature more seafood than Ethiopian cuisine on account of their coastal location. Er... | What do most Ethiopians put in their tsebhi dorho? | {'text': 'beef', 'answer_start': 110} |
22,299 | 21,957 | 56f72db03d8e2e1400e373dc | generic | Historically, major professional orchestras have been mostly or entirely composed of male musicians. Some of the earliest cases of women being hired in professional orchestras was in the position of harpist. The Vienna Philharmonic, for example, did not accept women to permanent membership until 1997, far later than th... | What gender of musician has historically made up a large amount of professional orchestras? | {'text': 'male', 'answer_start': 85} |
117,845 | 117,503 | 5730df65f6cb411900e24507 | generic | Tuvalu participates in the Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS), which is a coalition of small island and low-lying coastal countries that have concerns about their vulnerability to the adverse effects of global climate change. Under the Majuro Declaration, which was signed on 5 September 2013, Tuvalu has commitment... | What type of energy does the Majuro Declaration advocate? | {'text': '100% renewable', 'answer_start': 354} |
93,426 | 93,084 | 572936086aef051400154b7b | generic | The municipalities have two major policy responsibilities. First, they administer programs authorized by the federal or state government. Such programs typically relate to youth, schools, public health, and social assistance. Second, Article 28(2) of the Basic Law guarantees the municipalities "the right to regulate on... | What is one way municipalities develop the economic infrastructure? | {'text': 'development', 'answer_start': 630} |
75,450 | 75,108 | 57276f4e708984140094dd78 | generic | Before A.D. 200, residents were building earthwork mounds, which were used for ceremonial and religious purposes. Succeeding peoples, including those of the ancient Mississippian culture established by A.D. 1000 in the Piedmont, continued to build or add onto such mounds. In the 500–700 years preceding European contact... | By 1000 AD, what culture of people settled in the Piedmont? | {'text': 'ancient Mississippian culture', 'answer_start': 157} |
81,734 | 81,392 | 5a39b12e2f14dd001ac72597 | generic | Raimon Panikkar pointed out 29 ways in which cultural change can be brought about. Some of these are: growth, development, evolution, involution, renovation, reconception, reform, innovation, revivalism, revolution, mutation, progress, diffusion, osmosis, borrowing, eclecticism, syncretism, modernization, indigenizatio... | How many ways did Raimon Panikkar believe cultural consistency can be based on? | {'text': '29 ways', 'answer_start': 28} |
62,623 | 62,281 | 572756af708984140094dc69 | generic | Historically, in North America, one of the most economically destructive pests in cotton production has been the boll weevil. Due to the US Department of Agriculture's highly successful Boll Weevil Eradication Program (BWEP), this pest has been eliminated from cotton in most of the United States. This program, along wi... | What is the organization that instigated the Boll Weevil Eradication Program? | {'text': 'US Department of Agriculture', 'answer_start': 137} |
55,820 | 55,478 | 57268361708984140094c897 | generic | "Azure, three ships with three masts, rigged and under full sail, the sails, pennants and ensigns Argent, each charged with a cross Gules; on a chief of the second a pale quarterly Azure and Gules, on the 1st and 4th a fleur-de-lis or, on the 2nd and 3rd a leopard or, between two roses Gules seeded Or barbed Vert." The... | What animal was listed as part of the four fleur-de-lis in the above quote | {'text': 'leopard', 'answer_start': 257} |
33,827 | 33,485 | 5a8cc8f2fd22b3001a8d8e69 | generic | Unlike the Spanish milled dollar the U.S. dollar is based upon a decimal system of values. In addition to the dollar the coinage act officially established monetary units of mill or one-thousandth of a dollar (symbol ₥), cent or one-hundredth of a dollar (symbol ¢), dime or one-tenth of a dollar, and eagle or ten dolla... | What was the maximum value paper money used to be able to have? | {'text': '$20', 'answer_start': 1542} |
119,324 | 118,982 | 5ad19312645df0001a2d2018 | generic | Phosphor-based LED efficiency losses are due to the heat loss from the Stokes shift and also other phosphor-related degradation issues. Their luminous efficacies compared to normal LEDs depend on the spectral distribution of the resultant light output and the original wavelength of the LED itself. For example, the lumi... | Why is efficiency never lost in phosphor-based LEDs? | {'text': 'heat loss from the Stokes shift', 'answer_start': 52} |
117,930 | 117,588 | 5731142905b4da19006bcd63 | generic | A major sporting event is the "Independence Day Sports Festival" held annually on 1 October. The most important sports event within the country is arguably the Tuvalu Games, which are held yearly since 2008. Tuvalu first participated in the Pacific Games in 1978 and in the Commonwealth Games in 1998, when a weightlifte... | What type of competitor entered the commonwealth Games in 1998? | {'text': 'weightlifter', 'answer_start': 309} |
67,214 | 66,872 | 5ad14d10645df0001a2d1678 | generic | Found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives, electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, motor vehicles or rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as from the power g... | In what device are large motors least commonly found? | {'text': 'pipeline compression', 'answer_start': 593} |
56,044 | 55,702 | 5726c81ef1498d1400e8eb17 | generic | Hokkien dialects are typically written using Chinese characters (漢字, Hàn-jī). However, the written script was and remains adapted to the literary form, which is based on classical Chinese, not the vernacular and spoken form. Furthermore, the character inventory used for Mandarin (standard written Chinese) does not corr... | Written Hokkein is based on what? | {'text': 'classical Chinese', 'answer_start': 170} |
71,910 | 71,568 | 5726f75ddd62a815002e9675 | generic | The earliest Greek philosophers, known as the pre-Socratics, provided competing answers to the question found in the myths of their neighbors: "How did the ordered cosmos in which we live come to be?" The pre-Socratic philosopher Thales (640-546 BC), dubbed the "father of science", was the first to postulate non-supern... | Which religious deity did Thales undermine with his scientific theories? | {'text': 'Poseidon', 'answer_start': 512} |
105,878 | 105,536 | 5a87c70d19b91f001a626db5 | generic | To continue evacuating a chamber indefinitely without requiring infinite growth, a compartment of the vacuum can be repeatedly closed off, exhausted, and expanded again. This is the principle behind positive displacement pumps, like the manual water pump for example. Inside the pump, a mechanism expands a small sealed ... | What size is the vacuum in the pump? | {'text': 'a minute size', 'answer_start': 581} |
80,356 | 80,014 | 5727b3704b864d1900163ab1 | generic | From 1955 until 1997 Sichuan had been China's most populous province, hitting 100 million mark shortly after the 1982 census figure of 99,730,000. This changed in 1997 when the Sub-provincial city of Chongqing as well as the three surrounding prefectures of Fuling, Wanxian, and Qianjiang were split off into the new Cho... | Why did China need to resettle people into Chongqing? | {'text': 'the Three Gorges Dam project.', 'answer_start': 531} |
18,141 | 17,799 | 5ad145ef645df0001a2d14d9 | generic | By the early 1940s, the company was concentrating on lower-budget productions that were the company's main staple: westerns, melodramas, serials and sequels to the studio's horror pictures, the latter now solely B pictures. The studio fostered many series: The Dead End Kids and Little Tough Guys action features and ser... | Who preformed in the 1932-33 musicals? | {'text': 'Robert Paige, Jane Frazee, The Andrews Sisters, and The Merry Macs', 'answer_start': 473} |
87,939 | 87,597 | 57282f5c3acd2414000df68c | generic | The government of India is based on a tiered system, in which the Constitution of India delineates the subjects on which each tier of government has executive powers. The Constitution originally provided for a two-tier system of government, the Union Government (also known as the Central Government), representing the U... | What is a tiered system? | {'text': 'the Constitution of India delineates the subjects on which each tier of government has executive powers', 'answer_start': 62} |
110,687 | 110,345 | 572fb921947a6a140053cbe1 | generic | Bacteria exhibit an extremely wide variety of metabolic types. The distribution of metabolic traits within a group of bacteria has traditionally been used to define their taxonomy, but these traits often do not correspond with modern genetic classifications. Bacterial metabolism is classified into nutritional groups on... | What are electron acceptors accountable for? | {'text': 'aerobic or anaerobic respiration', 'answer_start': 545} |
54,268 | 53,926 | 5726eadbf1498d1400e8efd5 | generic | The principal battles of the stalemate include the Battle of Bloody Ridge (18 August–15 September 1951), the Battle of the Punchbowl (31 August-21 September 1951), the Battle of Heartbreak Ridge (13 September–15 October 1951), the Battle of Old Baldy (26 June–4 August 1952), the Battle of White Horse (6–15 October 1952... | What year was the Battle of Bloody Ridge? | {'text': '1951', 'answer_start': 98} |
107,059 | 106,717 | 572edbc103f9891900756a95 | generic | The thermionic triode, a vacuum tube invented in 1907, enabled amplified radio technology and long-distance telephony. The triode, however, was a fragile device that consumed a lot of power. Physicist Julius Edgar Lilienfeld filed a patent for a field-effect transistor (FET) in Canada in 1925, which was intended to be ... | When was the thermionic triode invented? | {'text': '1907', 'answer_start': 49} |
122,096 | 121,754 | 5731fd11e17f3d14004225b5 | generic | Lucan depicts Sextus Pompeius, the doomed son of Pompey the Great, as convinced "the gods of heaven knew too little" and awaiting the Battle of Pharsalus by consulting with the Thessalian witch Erichtho, who practices necromancy and inhabits deserted graves, feeding on rotting corpses. Erichtho, it is said, can arrest ... | From what country did Erichtho come? | {'text': 'Thessaly', 'answer_start': 550} |
117,478 | 117,136 | 5a64f5eac2b11c001a425b50 | generic | However, some scholars contest the idea of a Proto-Euphratean language or one substrate language. It has been suggested by them and others, that the Sumerian language was originally that of the hunter and fisher peoples, who lived in the marshland and the Eastern Arabia littoral region, and were part of the Arabian bif... | What people lived in river region of Arabia? | {'text': 'Sumerian', 'answer_start': 149} |
50,015 | 49,673 | 57266b70708984140094c568 | generic | Eleven days after Orsini's assassination attempt in France, Victoria's eldest daughter married Prince Frederick William of Prussia in London. They had been betrothed since September 1855, when Princess Victoria was 14 years old; the marriage was delayed by the Queen and Prince Albert until the bride was 17. The Queen a... | How old was Victoria's oldest daughter when she was amrried? | {'text': '17', 'answer_start': 305} |
114,238 | 113,896 | 5acda5cd07355d001abf48b9 | generic | Another body established under the Good Friday Agreement, the British–Irish Council, is made up of all of the states and territories of the British Isles. The British–Irish Parliamentary Assembly (Irish: Tionól Pharlaiminteach na Breataine agus na hÉireann) predates the British–Irish Council and was established in 1990... | Establishing a mutual understanding between Britain and Ireland is the purpose of what body? | {'text': 'British–Irish Parliamentary Assembly (', 'answer_start': 159} |
122,546 | 122,204 | 5731bd48e17f3d1400422365 | generic | In some countries, YouTube is completely blocked, either through a long term standing ban or for more limited periods of time such as during periods of unrest, the run-up to an election, or in response to upcoming political anniversaries. In other countries access to the website as a whole remains open, but access to s... | youtube is completely what in some places? | {'text': 'blocked', 'answer_start': 41} |
50,636 | 50,294 | 5acf90d077cf76001a68529f | generic | In 1983, the Church issued a new code of canon law. Unlike its predecessor, the 1983 Code of Canon Law did not explicitly name Masonic orders among the secret societies it condemns. It states: "A person who joins an association which plots against the Church is to be punished with a just penalty; one who promotes or ta... | Which lodges are never in amity with UGLE? | {'text': 'Grand Lodges', 'answer_start': 1265} |
23,419 | 23,077 | 56f720ed711bf01900a449bc | generic | There are three ways an existing treaty can be amended. First, formal amendment requires State parties to the treaty to go through the ratification process all over again. The re-negotiation of treaty provisions can be long and protracted, and often some parties to the original treaty will not become parties to the ame... | In addition to the often long and protracted nature of treaty renegotiation, what negative outcome might result from the process? | {'text': 'some parties to the original treaty will not become parties to the amended treaty', 'answer_start': 250} |
122,409 | 122,067 | 5ace2c7a32bba1001ae49ca0 | generic | Both private individuals and large production companies have used YouTube to grow audiences. Independent content creators have built grassroots followings numbering in the thousands at very little cost or effort, while mass retail and radio promotion proved problematic. Concurrently, old media celebrities moved into th... | What did Katheryn Thayer say in 2012 about YouTube videos? | {'text': "digital-era artists' work must not only be of high quality, but must elicit reactions on the YouTube platform and social media", 'answer_start': 954} |
87,897 | 87,555 | 5acf9b5f77cf76001a68545c | generic | Whilst it is often perceived as an optimal solution for states comprising different cultural or ethnic communities, the federalist model seems to work best in largely homogeneous states such as the United States, Germany or Australia, but there is also evidence to the contrary such as in Switzerland. Tensions between t... | Where does the federalist model work worst in? | {'text': 'homogeneous states', 'answer_start': 167} |
87,054 | 86,712 | 5a32d866bd0d7f001aef948c | generic | During the 16th and 17th centuries slave traders began to raid the region as part of the expansion of the Saharan and Nile River slave routes. Their captives were slaved and shipped to the Mediterranean coast, Europe, Arabia, the Western Hemisphere, or to the slave ports and factories along the West and North Africa or... | During the 16th and 17th centures what group began to raid the region? | {'text': 'the Bobangi people', 'answer_start': 382} |
206 | 206 | 138436 | pubqa | On Monday 15 January 2007, a municipality in Denmark received the first of several complaints from citizens who reported severe diarrhoea and vomiting over the weekend. Over the same period, the drinking water in many houses was reported to be discoloured and of unusual smell and taste. The local authorities immediatel... | What are the initial steps of investigation?
| {'answer_id': 274478, 'document_id': 445597, 'question_id': 138436, 'text': 'water samples for microbiological and chemical analyses were systematically collected from the water distribution system', 'answer_start': 706, 'answer_category': 'LONG'} |
119,176 | 118,834 | 5730c6cbf6cb411900e2448c | generic | The first visible-spectrum (red) LED was developed in 1962 by Nick Holonyak, Jr., while working at General Electric Company. Holonyak first reported his LED in the journal Applied Physics Letters on the December 1, 1962. M. George Craford, a former graduate student of Holonyak, invented the first yellow LED and improve... | What graduate student of Holonyak created the yellow LED? | {'text': 'M. George Craford', 'answer_start': 221} |
121,626 | 121,284 | 5a539921bdaabd001a3866f3 | generic | Many scholars (including Makdisi) have argued that early medieval universities were influenced by the religious madrasahs in Al-Andalus, the Emirate of Sicily, and the Middle East (during the Crusades). Other scholars see this argument as overstated. Lowe and Yasuhara have recently drawn on the well-documented influenc... | During what conflict did western universities influence madrasa? | {'text': 'Crusades)', 'answer_start': 192} |
90,982 | 90,640 | 5ad2385dd7d075001a428832 | generic | The mandolin has been used occasionally in rock music, first appearing in the psychedelic era of the late 1960s. Levon Helm of The Band occasionally moved from his drum kit to play mandolin, most notably on Rag Mama Rag, Rockin' Chair, and Evangeline. Ian Anderson of Jethro Tull played mandolin on Fat Man, from their s... | What Rod Stewart song in 1971 featured the mandolin? | {'text': 'Maggie May', 'answer_start': 413} |
110,989 | 110,647 | 572fe51904bcaa1900d76e63 | generic | The first PCBs used through-hole technology, mounting electronic components by leads inserted through holes on one side of the board and soldered onto copper traces on the other side. Boards may be single-sided, with an unplated component side, or more compact double-sided boards, with components soldered on both sides... | What is improved by bending leads in opposite directions on the back of double-sided PCBs? | {'text': 'mechanical strength', 'answer_start': 627} |
6,910 | 6,568 | 56d99962dc89441400fdb5a8 | generic | In 14th-century England, hound (from Old English: hund) was the general word for all domestic canines, and dog referred to a subtype of hound, a group including the mastiff. It is believed this "dog" type was so common, it eventually became the prototype of the category "hound". By the 16th century, dog had become the ... | Hound became the term for dogs who did what activity during this time? | {'text': 'hunting', 'answer_start': 386} |
98,806 | 98,464 | 572ab5f7be1ee31400cb81bc | generic | In the general election, Kerry was initially favored to defeat the Republican candidate, former State Representative Paul W. Cronin, and conservative Democrat Roger P. Durkin, who ran as an Independent. A week after the primary, one poll put Kerry 26-points ahead of Cronin. His campaign called for a national health ins... | How far ahead of Cronin did Kerry poll? | {'text': '26-points', 'answer_start': 248} |
122,073 | 121,731 | 5731f389e99e3014001e6415 | generic | Roman women were present at most festivals and cult observances. Some rituals specifically required the presence of women, but their active participation was limited. As a rule women did not perform animal sacrifice, the central rite of most major public ceremonies. In addition to the public priesthood of the Vestals, ... | What religious act did women not perform? | {'text': 'animal sacrifice', 'answer_start': 199} |
82,948 | 82,606 | 5ad2c918d7d075001a42a220 | generic | The Northwestern library system consists of four libraries on the Evanston campus including the present main library, University Library and the original library building, Deering Library; three libraries on the Chicago campus; and the library affiliated with Garrett-Evangelical Theological Seminary. The University Lib... | What is the largest African collection in the world that is part of the Southwesern library system? | {'text': 'Melville J. Herskovits Library of African Studies', 'answer_start': 600} |
52,992 | 52,650 | 57261826271a42140099d477 | generic | Prompted by legislation in various countries mandating increased bulb efficiency, new "hybrid" incandescent bulbs have been introduced by Philips. The "Halogena Energy Saver" incandescents can produce about 23 lm/W; about 30 percent more efficient than traditional incandescents, by using a reflective capsule to reflect... | What is the maximum efficiency of reflective capsule bulbs as tested in labs? | {'text': '45 lm/W', 'answer_start': 786} |
27,266 | 26,924 | 56f9e9738f12f3190062ffeb | generic | People have used wood for millennia for many purposes, primarily as a fuel or as a construction material for making houses, tools, weapons, furniture, packaging, artworks, and paper. The year-to-year variation in tree-ring widths and isotopic abundances gives clues to the prevailing climate at that time. | What category of items often constructed from wood does a chair belong to? | {'text': 'furniture', 'answer_start': 140} |
79,309 | 78,967 | 5ad221e7d7d075001a4284de | generic | Numerous plays are put on every year at Eton College; there is one main theatre, called the Farrer (seating 400) and 2 Studio theatres, called the Caccia Studio and Empty Space (seating 90 and 80 respectively). There are about 8 or 9 house productions each year, around 3 or 4 "independent" plays (not confined solely to... | What Studio theatre was built first? | {'text': 'Caccia Studio', 'answer_start': 147} |
8,110 | 7,768 | 56dc7afb14d3a41400c268e7 | generic | The first comprehensives were set up after the Second World War. In 1946, for example, Walworth School was one of five 'experimental' comprehensive schools set up by the London County Council Another early comprehensive school was Holyhead County School in Anglesey in 1949. Other early examples of comprehensive schools... | What comprehensive school was established in Anglesey? | {'text': 'Holyhead County School', 'answer_start': 231} |
113,252 | 112,910 | 573023d8b2c2fd140056893c | generic | The San Diego Surf of the American Basketball Association is located in the city. The annual Farmers Insurance Open golf tournament (formerly the Buick Invitational) on the PGA Tour occurs at Torrey Pines Golf Course. This course was also the site of the 2008 U.S. Open Golf Championship. The San Diego Yacht Club hosted... | How many times were the America's Cup yacht races hosted by the San Diego Yacht Club from 1988 to 1955? | {'text': 'three times', 'answer_start': 351} |
98,018 | 97,676 | 572a8ec3be1ee31400cb808f | generic | The first Madressa established in North America, Al-Rashid Islamic Institute, was established in Cornwall, Ontario in 1983 and has graduates who are Hafiz (Quran) and Ulama. The seminary was established by Mazhar Alam under the direction of his teacher the leading Indian Tablighi scholar Muhammad Zakariya Kandhlawi and... | Where is Al-Rashid Islamic Institute? | {'text': 'Cornwall, Ontario', 'answer_start': 97} |
70,592 | 70,250 | 572956496aef051400154d13 | generic | Bermudians served in the British armed forces during both World War I and World War II. After the latter, Major-General Glyn Charles Anglim Gilbert, Bermuda's highest-ranking soldier, was instrumental in developing the Bermuda Regiment. A number of other Bermudians and their descendants had preceded him into senior ran... | Who was key to establishing Bermuda's Regiment? | {'text': 'Major-General Glyn Charles Anglim Gilbert', 'answer_start': 106} |
108,066 | 107,724 | 572fe8da04bcaa1900d76e8b | generic | An antenna transmits and receives radio waves with a particular polarization which can be reoriented by tilting the axis of the antenna in many (but not all) cases. The physical size of an antenna is often a practical issue, particularly at lower frequencies (longer wavelengths). Highly directional antennas need to be ... | What is the essential difference in radio waves transmitted by an antenna? | {'text': 'polarization', 'answer_start': 64} |
24,538 | 24,196 | 5a7e3aec70df9f001a8755c6 | generic | Virgil's biographical tradition is thought to depend on a lost biography by Varius, Virgil's editor, which was incorporated into the biography by Suetonius and the commentaries of Servius and Donatus, the two great commentators on Virgil's poetry. Although the commentaries no doubt record much factual information about... | How many people did Virgil write biographies about? | {'text': 'two', 'answer_start': 205} |
10,965 | 10,623 | 56e4c33039bdeb14003479be | generic | Architects such as Mies van der Rohe, Philip Johnson and Marcel Breuer worked to create beauty based on the inherent qualities of building materials and modern construction techniques, trading traditional historic forms for simplified geometric forms, celebrating the new means and methods made possible by the Industria... | What style came after Modernism? | {'text': 'International Style', 'answer_start': 464} |
63,335 | 62,993 | 5726a1bbdd62a815002e8b7b | generic | Since chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides dissolve in fats and are not excreted, organisms tend to retain them almost indefinitely. Biological magnification is the process whereby these chlorinated hydrocarbons (pesticides) are more concentrated at each level of the food chain. Among marine animals, pesticide concentrat... | How could pesticides travel over hundreds of miles? | {'text': 'the wind', 'answer_start': 752} |
84,651 | 84,309 | 5a60fef4e9e1cc001a33ce12 | generic | On 12 January 1953, he was appointed Patriarch of Venice and, accordingly, raised to the rank of Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca by Pope Pius XII. Roncalli left France for Venice on 23 February 1953 stopping briefly in Milan and then to Rome. On 15 March 1953, he took possession of his new diocese in Venice. As a sign ... | On what date did Pope Pius XII leave France to go to Venice? | {'text': 'on 23 February 1953', 'answer_start': 179} |
96,354 | 96,012 | 572a054f6aef0514001551b6 | generic | East Prussia enclosed the bulk of the ancestral lands of the Baltic Old Prussians. During the 13th century, the native Prussians were conquered by the crusading Teutonic Knights. The indigenous Balts who survived the conquest were gradually converted to Christianity. Because of Germanization and colonisation over the f... | Which ethnic group become dominant following the 13 century just a few hundred years later? | {'text': 'Germans', 'answer_start': 340} |
123,684 | 123,342 | 5a7b4a4c21c2de001afe9e74 | generic | Between 2005 and 2011, Greece has had the highest percentage increase in industrial output compared to 2005 levels out of all European Union members, with an increase of 6%. Eurostat statistics show that the industrial sector was hit by the Greek financial crisis throughout 2009 and 2010, with domestic output decreasin... | How many tons of marble does Greece destroy? | {'text': '920,000 tons', 'answer_start': 467} |
79,575 | 79,233 | 5a5d55d05e8782001a9d5eb7 | generic | The city's FM radio band features RTÉ Radio 1, RTÉ 2fm, RTÉ lyric fm, RTÉ Raidió na Gaeltachta, Today FM, 4fm, Newstalk and the religious station Spirit Radio. There are also local stations such as Cork's 96FM, Cork's Red FM, C103, CUH 102.0FM, UCC 98.3FM (formerly Cork Campus Radio 97.4fm) and Christian radio station ... | What pirate stations where running out of Cork in the 19th century? | {'text': 'South Coast Radio and ERI', 'answer_start': 551} |
77,373 | 77,031 | 5727a1a43acd2414000de85a | generic | In the 1990s Rhino Records issued a series of boxed sets of 78 rpm reissues of early rock and roll hits, intended for owners of vintage jukeboxes. This was a disaster because Rhino did not warn customers that their records were made of vinyl, and that the vintage 78 RPM juke boxes were designed with heavy tone arms and... | What was the result of the use of this release of 78 rpm vinyl when used in vintage jukeboxes? | {'text': 'they were destroyed', 'answer_start': 478} |
35,222 | 34,880 | 570a83576d058f1900182efe | generic | Old English nouns had grammatical gender, a feature absent in modern English, which uses only natural gender. For example, the words sunne ("sun"), mōna ("moon") and wīf ("woman/wife") were respectively feminine, masculine and neuter; this is reflected, among other things, in the form of the definite article used with ... | What type of gender did Old English nouns possess? | {'text': 'grammatical', 'answer_start': 22} |
127,478 | 127,136 | 5a3996b22f14dd001ac7243f | generic | There are as many as 22 public beaches (most beaches on St Barthélémy are known as "Anse de..." etc. ) of which 15 are considered suitable for swimming. They are categorized and divided into two groups, the leeward side (calm waters protected by the island itself) and windward side (some of which are protected by hills... | What are leeward side beaches popular for? | {'text': 'windsurfing', 'answer_start': 370} |
89,135 | 88,793 | 5a86027fb4e223001a8e7380 | generic | Political interest groups have stated that these laws remove important restrictions on governmental authority, and are a dangerous encroachment on civil liberties, possible unconstitutional violations of the Fourth Amendment. On 30 July 2003, the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) filed the first legal challenge aga... | When was Section 215 written? | {'text': '30 July 2003', 'answer_start': 229} |
52,256 | 51,914 | 57264c62dd62a815002e80d0 | generic | Attestations of Old Dutch sentences are extremely rare. The oldest one first recorded has been found in the Salic law. From this Frankish document written around 510 the oldest sentence has been identified as Dutch: Maltho thi afrio lito (I say to you, I free you, serf) used to free a serf. Another old fragment of Dutc... | Are written records of Old Dutch rare or common? | {'text': 'rare', 'answer_start': 50} |
113,569 | 113,227 | 57300664947a6a140053cf74 | generic | Literacy rate in the Muslim world varies. Some members such as Kuwait, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan have over 97% literacy rates, whereas literacy rates are the lowest in Mali, Afghanistan, Chad and parts of Africa. In 2015, the International Islamic News Agency reported that nearly 37% of the population of ... | What is the literacy rate in Kuwait? | {'text': 'over 97%', 'answer_start': 116} |
78,603 | 78,261 | 5727ba1bff5b5019007d9391 | generic | The reasons for the strong Swedish dominance are as explained by Richard Sparks manifold; suffice to say here that there is a long-standing tradition, an unsusually large proportion of the populations (5% is often cited) regularly sing in choirs, the Swedish choral director Eric Ericson had an enormous impact on a capp... | Who describes the many reasons for Sweden's heavy involvement in a cappella? | {'text': 'Richard Sparks', 'answer_start': 65} |
30,535 | 30,193 | 5ad27edad7d075001a42972f | generic | House also had an influence of relaying political messages to people who were considered to be outcasts of society. The music appealed to those who didn't fit into mainstream American society and was especially celebrated by many black males. Frankie Knuckles once said that the Warehouse club in Chicago was like "churc... | Who did Jefferson once say the Warehouse club was for? | {'text': 'church for people who have fallen from grace', 'answer_start': 315} |
8,392 | 8,050 | 56dcff6466d3e219004dab9d | generic | Since the country is located on the Equator, the climate is consistent year-round, with the average day temperature being a humid 24 °C (75 °F) and nights generally between 16 °C (61 °F) and 21 °C (70 °F). The average yearly rainfall ranges from 1,100 millimetres (43 in) in south in the Niari Valley to over 2,000 milli... | What is the average temperature range in the Congo during the night time? | {'text': '16 °C (61 °F) and 21 °C (70 °F)', 'answer_start': 173} |
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