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70,950 | 70,608 | 5a57b26b770dc0001aeefcda | generic | By the mid-7th century, English and Irish missionaries set out to convert the Frisians. The pope appointed their leader, Willibrordus, bishop of the Frisians. The tenure of Willibrordus is generally considered to be the beginning of the Bishopric of Utrecht. In 723, the Frankish leader Charles Martel bestowed the fortr... | What city fell in the 8th century? | {'text': 'Dorestad', 'answer_start': 685} |
102,921 | 102,579 | 5731939a497a881900249064 | generic | His next theatrical release in that same year was the World War II film Saving Private Ryan, about a group of U.S. soldiers led by Capt. Miller (Tom Hanks) sent to bring home a paratrooper whose three older brothers were killed in the same twenty-four hours, June 5–6, of the Normandy landing. The film was a huge box of... | Which film beat 'Saving Private Ryan' worldwide? | {'text': 'Armageddon', 'answer_start': 493} |
24,183 | 23,841 | 56f969499b226e1400dd1413 | generic | Population has outstripped the supply of freshwater, usually from rainfall. The northern atolls get 50 inches (1,300 mm) of rainfall annually; the southern atolls about twice that. The threat of drought is commonplace throughout the island chains. | What is the main source of fresh water for the Marshall Islands? | {'text': 'rainfall', 'answer_start': 66} |
75,658 | 75,316 | 5727b0493acd2414000de9c5 | generic | The Piedmont Triad, or center of the state, is home to Krispy Kreme, Mayberry, Texas Pete, the Lexington Barbecue Festival, and Moravian cookies. The internationally acclaimed North Carolina Zoo in Asheboro attracts visitors to its animals, plants, and a 57-piece art collection along five miles of shaded pathways in th... | What North Carolina City hosts the Merlefest? | {'text': 'Wilkesboro', 'answer_start': 489} |
52,542 | 52,200 | 5a7a143b17ab25001a8a02f9 | generic | Remodelling of the structure began in 1762. After his accession to the throne in 1820, King George IV continued the renovation with the idea in mind of a small, comfortable home. While the work was in progress, in 1826, the King decided to modify the house into a palace with the help of his architect John Nash. Some fu... | Which architect helped modify the palace into a house? | {'text': 'John Nash', 'answer_start': 302} |
87,624 | 87,282 | 572868002ca10214002da308 | generic | In 1986, a SCSI-equipped LaserDisc player attached to a BBC Master computer was used for the BBC Domesday Project. The player was referred as an LV-ROM (LaserVision Read Only Memory) as the discs contained the driving software as well as the video frames. The discs used the CAV format, and encoded data as a binary sign... | What does LV-ROM stand for? | {'text': 'LaserVision Read Only Memory', 'answer_start': 153} |
62,816 | 62,474 | 57267b155951b619008f741c | generic | In lossy audio compression, methods of psychoacoustics are used to remove non-audible (or less audible) components of the audio signal. Compression of human speech is often performed with even more specialized techniques; speech coding, or voice coding, is sometimes distinguished as a separate discipline from audio com... | What is used for CD ripping? | {'text': 'audio compression', 'answer_start': 480} |
90,489 | 90,147 | 5728de173acd2414000e00b5 | generic | Popper claimed to have recognised already in the 1934 version of his Logic of Discovery a fact later stressed by Kuhn, "that scientists necessarily develop their ideas within a definite theoretical framework", and to that extent to have anticipated Kuhn's central point about "normal science". (But Popper criticised wha... | Popper believed he had already discussed similar ideas to Kuhn's about scientific communities in what work? | {'text': 'Logic of Discovery', 'answer_start': 69} |
8,992 | 8,650 | 56ddc9d49a695914005b95d0 | generic | In an October 2004 case, Telewizja Polska USA, Inc. v. Echostar Satellite, No. 02 C 3293, 65 Fed. R. Evid. Serv. 673 (N.D. Ill. Oct. 15, 2004), a litigant attempted to use the Wayback Machine archives as a source of admissible evidence, perhaps for the first time. Telewizja Polska is the provider of TVP Polonia and Ech... | Which judge overturned Keys' ruling? | {'text': 'district Court Judge Ronald Guzman', 'answer_start': 816} |
78,665 | 78,323 | 5ad2402ad7d075001a428924 | generic | The Order of Preachers (Latin: Ordo Praedicatorum, hence the abbreviation OP used by members), more commonly known after the 15th century as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is a Roman Catholic religious order founded by the Spanish priest Saint Dominic de Guzman in France and approved by Pope Honorius III (1216–27) ... | What religious order was founded by French priest Saint Dominic de Guzman? | {'text': 'Dominican Order or Dominicans', 'answer_start': 145} |
60,908 | 60,566 | 572663f3dd62a815002e8376 | generic | Botany originated in prehistory as herbalism with the efforts of early humans to identify – and later cultivate – edible, medicinal and poisonous plants, making it one of the oldest branches of science. Medieval physic gardens, often attached to monasteries, contained plants of medical importance. They were forerunners... | Why was plant taxonomy developed? | {'text': 'to catalogue and describe their collections', 'answer_start': 526} |
106,964 | 106,622 | 5a567d306349e2001acdcdc5 | generic | A CD is read by focusing a 780 nm wavelength (near infrared) semiconductor laser housed within the CD player, through the bottom of the polycarbonate layer. The change in height between pits and lands results in a difference in the way the light is reflected. By measuring the intensity change with a photodiode, the dat... | How many layers of polycarbonate are there? | {'text': 'the bottom of the polycarbonate layer', 'answer_start': 118} |
102,533 | 102,191 | 572e8556dfa6aa1500f8d091 | generic | On 16 August 1960, Cyprus attained independence after the Zürich and London Agreement between the United Kingdom, Greece and Turkey. Cyprus had a total population of 573,566; of whom 442,138 (77.1%) were Greeks, 104,320 (18.2%) Turks, and 27,108 (4.7%) others The UK retained the two Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri an... | What was the percentage of Turks in the Cyprus population? | {'text': '18.2%', 'answer_start': 221} |
7,055 | 6,713 | 56d9b4b3dc89441400fdb704 | generic | The global dog population is estimated at 525 million:225 based on a transparent methodology, as opposed to other estimates where the methodology has not been made available – all dog population estimates are based on regional human population densities and land uses. | How many dogs are estimated to be in the world? | {'text': '525 million', 'answer_start': 42} |
113,686 | 113,344 | 572ffa37947a6a140053cecc | generic | From the late 10th to late 7th centuries BC, the Iranian peoples, together with the pre-Iranian kingdoms, fell under the domination of the Assyrian Empire, based in northern Mesopotamia. Under king Cyaxares, the Medes and Persians entered into an alliance with Nabopolassar of Babylon, as well as the Scythians and the C... | When did the Median tribes unify under a single ruler to form the Median Empire? | {'text': '728 BC', 'answer_start': 586} |
62,213 | 61,871 | 5ace90a732bba1001ae4aa48 | generic | Israelites enjoyed political independence twice in ancient history, first during the periods of the Biblical judges followed by the United Monarchy.[disputed – discuss] After the fall of the United Monarchy the land was divided into Israel and Judah. The term Jew originated from the Roman "Judean" and denoted someone f... | What term denoted someone from the northern kingdom of Judah? | {'text': 'Jew', 'answer_start': 260} |
63,604 | 63,262 | 5726a1ccf1498d1400e8e56c | generic | Agriculture and food and drink production continue to be major industries in the county, employing over 15,000 people. Apple orchards were once plentiful, and Somerset is still a major producer of cider. The towns of Taunton and Shepton Mallet are involved with the production of cider, especially Blackthorn Cider, whic... | What area is important to the fruit juice industry | {'text': 'Gerber Products Company in Bridgwater is the largest producer of fruit juices in Europe, producing brands such as "Sunny Delight" and "Ocean Spray', 'answer_start': 429} |
20,190 | 19,848 | 5acf4b8f77cf76001a684b3c | generic | KU is home to the Robert J. Dole Institute of Politics, the Beach Center on Disability, Lied Center of Kansas and radio stations KJHK, 90.7 FM, and KANU, 91.5 FM. The university is host to several museums including the University of Kansas Natural History Museum and the Spencer Museum of Art. The libraries of the Unive... | What part of KU serves students not learning about government? | {'text': 'Robert J. Dole Institute of Politics', 'answer_start': 18} |
38,944 | 38,602 | 5ad3a0f0604f3c001a3fe9c7 | generic | The Criminal Justice Information Services (CJIS) Division, is located in Clarksburg, West Virginia. Organized beginning in 1991, the office opened in 1995 as the youngest agency division. The complex is the length of three football fields. It provides a main repository for information in various data systems. Under the... | What opened in 1995 as the oldest agency division? | {'text': 'The Criminal Justice Information Services (CJIS) Division', 'answer_start': 0} |
65,482 | 65,140 | 5727ac434b864d1900163a0e | generic | The most innovative period of Cubism was before 1914. After World War I, with the support given by the dealer Léonce Rosenberg, Cubism returned as a central issue for artists, and continued as such until the mid-1920s when its avant-garde status was rendered questionable by the emergence of geometric abstraction and Su... | Before what year was Cubism considered the most innovative? | {'text': '1914', 'answer_start': 48} |
21,189 | 20,847 | 5ad26c44d7d075001a429391 | generic | When talking about the German language, the term German dialects is only used for the traditional regional varieties. That allows them to be distinguished from the regional varieties of modern standard German. | What does this allow the to remain undistinguished from? | {'text': 'regional varieties of modern standard German', 'answer_start': 164} |
11,449 | 11,107 | 5a831a9be60761001a2eb3ee | generic | After a series of test transmissions and special broadcasts that began in August, regular BBC television broadcasts officially resumed on 1 October 1936, from a converted wing of Alexandra Palace in London, which housed two studios, various scenery stores, make-up areas, dressing rooms, offices, and the transmitter its... | What housed scenery offices and make-up stores? | {'text': 'Alexandra Palace', 'answer_start': 179} |
11,409 | 11,067 | 56de61a3cffd8e1900b4b83b | generic | BBC Television is a service of the British Broadcasting Corporation. The corporation, which has operated in the United Kingdom under the terms of a Royal charter since 1927, has produced television programmes from its own since 1932, although the start of its regular service of television broadcasts is dated to 2 Novem... | On what date did the BBC being its regular TV broadcasts? | {'text': '2 November 1936', 'answer_start': 313} |
85,720 | 85,378 | 57280a4fff5b5019007d9b98 | generic | Von Neumann was born Neumann János Lajos (in Hungarian the family name comes first), Hebrew name Yonah, in Budapest, Kingdom of Hungary, which was then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, to wealthy Jewish parents of the Haskalah. He was the eldest of three children. He had two younger brothers: Michael, born in 1907,... | What occupation did Von Neumann father hold? | {'text': 'banker', 'answer_start': 403} |
11,026 | 10,684 | 56de2c7c4396321400ee2628 | generic | The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and income per capita indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development. A country scores higher HDI when the life expectancy at birth is longer, the education period is longer, and the income per c... | Who developed the HDI? | {'text': 'Mahbub ul Haq', 'answer_start': 386} |
63,551 | 63,209 | 5acf613977cf76001a684ceb | generic | There is an extensive network of caves, including Wookey Hole, underground rivers, and gorges, including the Cheddar Gorge and Ebbor Gorge. The county has many rivers, including the Axe, Brue, Cary, Parrett, Sheppey, Tone and Yeo. These both feed and drain the flat levels and moors of mid and west Somerset. In the nort... | Which is larger, the Cheddar Gorge or the Ebbor Gorge? | {'text': 'Ebbor Gorge', 'answer_start': 127} |
129,308 | 128,966 | 57341bef4776f41900661899 | generic | One way of proving that a given disease is "infectious", is to satisfy Koch's postulates (first proposed by Robert Koch), which demands that the infectious agent be identified only in patients and not in healthy controls, and that patients who contract the agent also develop the disease. These postulates were first use... | What is Koch's second postulate? | {'text': 'patients who contract the agent also develop the disease', 'answer_start': 231} |
97,456 | 97,114 | 572a7af4111d821400f38b4d | generic | Hayek's work on the microeconomics of the choice theoretics of investment, non-permanent goods, potential permanent resources, and economically-adapted permanent resources mark a central dividing point between his work in areas of macroeconomics and that of almost all other economists. Hayek's work on the macroeconomic... | What is the term used to describe economists following Keynes school of thought? | {'text': '"Marshallian"', 'answer_start': 491} |
95,032 | 94,690 | 572976811d046914007794b9 | generic | At the forefront of the new school of design was the aristocratic "architect earl", Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington; in 1729, he and William Kent, designed Chiswick House. This House was a reinterpretation of Palladio's Villa Capra, but purified of 16th century elements and ornament. This severe lack of ornamenta... | Who was the "architect earl"? | {'text': 'Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington', 'answer_start': 84} |
22,199 | 21,857 | 56f6ebb4711bf01900a4486e | generic | Given the wide range of styles in classical music, from Medieval plainchant sung by monks to Classical and Romantic symphonies for orchestra from the 1700s and 1800s to avant-garde atonal compositions for solo piano from the 1900s, it is difficult to list characteristics that can be attributed to all works of that type... | What has become a defining feature of classical music? | {'text': 'the symphony ensemble', 'answer_start': 662} |
57,069 | 56,727 | 57266e0b708984140094c5ad | generic | General Bonaparte and his expedition eluded pursuit by the Royal Navy and landed at Alexandria on 1 July. He fought the Battle of Shubra Khit against the Mamluks, Egypt's ruling military caste. This helped the French practice their defensive tactic for the Battle of the Pyramids, fought on 21 July, about 24 km (15 mi) ... | What battle did Napoleon fight against the Mamluks? | {'text': 'the Battle of Shubra Khit', 'answer_start': 116} |
37,130 | 36,788 | 5ad172ad645df0001a2d1c01 | generic | The Navy was modernized in the 1880s, and by the 1890s had adopted the naval power strategy of Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan—as indeed did every major navy. The old sailing ships were replaced by modern steel battleships, bringing them in line with the navies of Britain and Germany. In 1907, most of the Navy's battleship... | What replaced the younger sailing ships in the navy? | {'text': 'modern steel battleships', 'answer_start': 194} |
55,635 | 55,293 | 57265ab2f1498d1400e8dcf6 | generic | Every continued in pursuit and managed to overhaul Ganj-i-Sawai, which resisted strongly before eventually striking. Ganj-i-Sawai carried enormous wealth and, according to contemporary East India Company sources, was carrying a relative of the Grand Mughal, though there is no evidence to suggest that it was his daughte... | What was reportedly the high value of of loot that the Ganj-i-Sawai had? | {'text': '£600,000', 'answer_start': 409} |
10,926 | 10,584 | 56e48edf39bdeb1400347996 | generic | Meanwhile, the Industrial Revolution laid open the door for mass production and consumption. Aesthetics became a criterion for the middle class as ornamented products, once within the province of expensive craftsmanship, became cheaper under machine production. | What started with the Industrial Revolution? | {'text': 'mass production and consumption', 'answer_start': 60} |
21,389 | 21,047 | 56e83b4c00c9c71400d77662 | generic | This can give rise to the situation in which two dialects (defined according to this paradigm) with a somewhat distant genetic relationship are mutually more readily comprehensible than more closely related dialects. In one opinion, this pattern is clearly present among the modern Romance languages, with Italian and Sp... | With what romance language does Spanish not have a high degree of mutual comprehensibility? | {'text': 'French', 'answer_start': 411} |
24,480 | 24,138 | 56f852d0a6d7ea1400e17567 | generic | Note that the Polish landed gentry (ziemianie or ziemiaństwo) was composed of any nobility that owned lands: thus of course the magnates, the middle nobility and that lesser nobility that had at least part of the village. As manorial lordships were also opened to burgesses of certain privileged royal cities, not all la... | Who could compose the polish landed gentry? | {'text': 'any nobility that owned lands', 'answer_start': 78} |
50,846 | 50,504 | 5725c2d6271a42140099d15f | generic | The most catastrophic earthquakes we know of occurred in 31 BCE, 363, 749, and 1033 CE, that is every ca. 400 years on average. Destructive earthquakes leading to serious loss of life strike about every 80 years. While stringent construction regulations are currently in place and recently built structures are earthquak... | How often do earthquakes that lead to serious loss of life occur? | {'text': 'every 80 years', 'answer_start': 197} |
26,523 | 26,181 | 56f98e839b226e1400dd156c | generic | The predominant religions in Zhejiang are Chinese folk religions, Taoist traditions and Chinese Buddhism. According to surveys conducted in 2007 and 2009, 23.02% of the population believes and is involved in cults of ancestors, while 2.62% of the population identifies as Christian, decreasing from 3.92% in 2004. The re... | What percent of the population may be irreligious? | {'text': '74.36%', 'answer_start': 375} |
4,618 | 4,276 | 56ce355eaab44d1400b8859e | generic | After finishing the first draft and returning it to Lippincott, the manuscript, at that point titled "Go Set a Watchman", fell into the hands of Therese von Hohoff Torrey — known professionally as Tay Hohoff — a small, wiry veteran editor in her late 50s. Hohoff was impressed. “[T]he spark of the true writer flashed in... | The first draft of To Kill a Mockingbird was named what? | {'text': 'Go Set a Watchman', 'answer_start': 102} |
110,071 | 109,729 | 573422784776f41900661913 | generic | At the end of the first decade of the 21st century, downtown Tucson underwent a revitalization effort by city planners and the business community. The primary project was Rio Nuevo, a large retail and community center that has been stalled in planning for more than ten years. Downtown is generally regarded as the area ... | When did a revitalization of downtown Tucson begin? | {'text': 'At the end of the first decade of the 21st century', 'answer_start': 0} |
55,921 | 55,579 | 57264e0bdd62a815002e8113 | generic | In 677 (during the reign of Emperor Gaozong), Chen Zheng (陳政), together with his son Chen Yuanguang (陳元光), led a military expedition to pacify the rebellion in Fujian. They settled in Zhangzhou and brought the Middle Chinese phonology of northern China during the 7th century into Zhangzhou; In 885, (during the reign of... | Who was the ruler of China in 885? | {'text': 'Emperor Xizong of Tang', 'answer_start': 321} |
35,129 | 34,787 | 570a8ca86d058f1900182f89 | generic | Neville Southall holds the record for the most Everton appearances, having played 751 first-team matches between 1981 and 1997, and previously held the record for the most league clean sheets during a season (15). During the 2008–09 season, this record was beaten by American goalkeeper Tim Howard (17). The late centre ... | Who currently holds the record for the most league clean sheets during a season? | {'text': 'Tim Howard', 'answer_start': 287} |
30,062 | 29,720 | 5706fbf590286e26004fc7a6 | generic | Most graduate immunology schools follow the AAI courses immunology which are offered throughout numerous schools in the United States. For example, in New York State, there are several universities that offer the AAI courses immunology: Albany Medical College, Cornell University, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai... | What is the name of the immunology school at Mount Sinai? | {'text': 'Icahn School of Medicine', 'answer_start': 281} |
47,735 | 47,393 | 571debb355697319006390b6 | generic | In the late 19th century, three European-American middle-class female teachers married Indigenous American men they had met at Hampton Institute during the years when it ran its Indian program. In the late nineteenth century, Charles Eastman, a physician of European and Sioux ancestry who trained at Boston University, ... | What tribe was Eastman related to? | {'text': 'Sioux', 'answer_start': 271} |
13,289 | 12,947 | 56df5ba096943c1400a5d42f | generic | With regards to Mexican drug cartels, Oklahoma City has traditionally been the territory of the notorious Juárez Cartel, but the Sinaloa Cartel has been reported as trying to establish a foothold in Oklahoma City. There are many rival gangs in Oklahoma City, one whose headquarters has been established in the city, the ... | What cartel has been known to be in Oklahoma city? | {'text': 'Juárez Cartel', 'answer_start': 106} |
86,670 | 86,328 | 572aaca8be1ee31400cb8145 | generic | Independently of the method used to signify royal assent, it is the responsibility of the Clerk of the Parliaments, once the assent has been duly notified to both houses, not only to endorse the act in the name of the monarch with the formal Norman French formula, but to certify that assent has been granted. The clerk ... | Who writes the formal Norman French formula on passed acts? | {'text': 'Clerk of the Parliaments', 'answer_start': 90} |
86,247 | 85,905 | 5ad346a8604f3c001a3fdc6d | generic | What's New was announced at Gamescom 2009 and was released on September 1, 2009, with PlayStation 3 system software 3.0. The feature was to replace the existing [Information Board], which displayed news from the PlayStation website associated with the user's region. The concept was developed further into a major PlaySt... | What did What's New get replaced by? | {'text': 'Information Board', 'answer_start': 162} |
53,496 | 53,154 | 57260b6a271a42140099d3e5 | generic | Arsenal's parent company, Arsenal Holdings plc, operates as a non-quoted public limited company, whose ownership is considerably different from that of other football clubs. Only 62,217 shares in Arsenal have been issued, and they are not traded on a public exchange such as the FTSE or AIM; instead, they are traded rel... | On March 10,2016 what was the value of a share of Arsenal stock? | {'text': '£15,670', 'answer_start': 474} |
14,054 | 13,712 | 56e09a4e7aa994140058e622 | generic | On December 25, 1991, the Russian SFSR was renamed the Russian Federation. On December 26, 1991, the USSR was self-dissolved by the Soviet of Nationalities, which by that time was the only functioning house of the Supreme Soviet (the other house, Soviet of the Union, had already lost the quorum after recall of its memb... | On what date was the USSR dissolved? | {'text': 'December 26, 1991', 'answer_start': 78} |
94,967 | 94,625 | 5acfce8377cf76001a6860f1 | generic | Nearly two billion people in the developing world are deficient in zinc. In children it causes an increase in infection and diarrhea, contributing to the death of about 800,000 children worldwide per year. The World Health Organization advocates zinc supplementation for severe malnutrition and diarrhea. Zinc supplement... | How many children are born each year due to zinc? | {'text': 'about 800,000 children worldwide', 'answer_start': 163} |
123,100 | 122,758 | 5731df9ae99e3014001e6382 | generic | Several countries have established their national churches, linking the ecclesiastical structure with the state. Jurisdictions where a Protestant denomination has been established as a state religion include several Nordic countries; Denmark (including Greenland), the Faroe Islands (its church being independent since 2... | What do national churches bring together? | {'text': 'the ecclesiastical structure with the state', 'answer_start': 68} |
51,215 | 50,873 | 5725de2a38643c19005ace0d | generic | The kingdom grew to its largest extent under Mithridates VI, who conquered Colchis, Cappadocia, Paphlagonia, Bithynia, Lesser Armenia, the Bosporan Kingdom, the Greek colonies of the Tauric Chersonesos and for a brief time the Roman province of Asia. Mithridates VI, himself of mixed Persian and Greek ancestry, presente... | What hairstyle did Mithridates IV copy from Alexander? | {'text': 'anastole', 'answer_start': 523} |
48,214 | 47,872 | 571aa8204faf5e1900b8abcb | generic | The modern pharmaceutical industry traces its roots to two sources. The first of these were local apothecaries that expanded from their traditional role distributing botanical drugs such as morphine and quinine to wholesale manufacture in the mid 1800s. Rational drug discovery from plants started particularly with the ... | Who was the compound named after? | {'text': 'Morpheus', 'answer_start': 500} |
6,890 | 6,548 | 56d99788dc89441400fdb580 | generic | The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is a domesticated canid which has been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. | What is Canis familiaris? | {'text': 'domestic dog', 'answer_start': 4} |
21,321 | 20,979 | 56e8355d00c9c71400d77642 | generic | In Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco, the Darijas (spoken North African languages) are sometimes considered more different from other Arabic dialects. Officially, North African countries prefer to give preference to the Literary Arabic and conduct much of their political and religious life in it (adherence to Islam), and r... | What is the liturgical language of Islam? | {'text': 'Literary Arabic', 'answer_start': 216} |
59,034 | 58,692 | 5acd8c2507355d001abf46b0 | generic | Florida's nickname is the "Sunshine State", but severe weather is a common occurrence in the state. Central Florida is known as the lightning capital of the United States, as it experiences more lightning strikes than anywhere else in the country. Florida has one of the highest average precipitation levels of any state... | What weather is uncommon in Florida? | {'text': 'severe weather', 'answer_start': 48} |
85,009 | 84,667 | 5728076e4b864d1900164282 | generic | According to Martin Heidegger we do not exist inside time, we are time. Hence, the relationship to the past is a present awareness of having been, which allows the past to exist in the present. The relationship to the future is the state of anticipating a potential possibility, task, or engagement. It is related to the... | Who suggested that humankind does not exist inside time, but is time? | {'text': 'Martin Heidegger', 'answer_start': 13} |
8,428 | 8,086 | 56dd117966d3e219004dabc4 | generic | Economic reform efforts continued with the support of international organizations, notably the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. The reform program came to a halt in June 1997 when civil war erupted. When Sassou Nguesso returned to power at the end of the war in October 1997, he publicly expressed interes... | When did military conflict resume in the Congo? | {'text': 'December 1998', 'answer_start': 554} |
119,557 | 119,215 | 5a149b9fa54d420018529294 | generic | Other important criteria throughout history are that great powers should have enough influence to be included in discussions of political and diplomatic questions of the day, and have influence on the final outcome and resolution. Historically, when major political questions were addressed, several great powers met to ... | In the past when would officially named participants meet? | {'text': 'when major political questions were addressed', 'answer_start': 245} |
32,534 | 32,192 | 57096b25200fba1400367fa1 | generic | Though the state is deficient in food grains, it has gained a lot in other spheres of agricultural production such as seed potato, ginger, vegetables, vegetable seeds, mushrooms, chicory seeds, hops, olives and fig. Seed potato is mostly grown in the Shimla, Kullu and Lahaul areas. Special efforts are being made to pro... | What is the state deficient in? | {'text': 'food grains', 'answer_start': 33} |
108,741 | 108,399 | 572fbe94947a6a140053cc25 | generic | Television broadcasting in Hyderabad began in 1974 with the launch of Doordarshan, the Government of India's public service broadcaster, which transmits two free-to-air terrestrial television channels and one satellite channel. Private satellite channels started in July 1992 with the launch of Star TV. Satellite TV cha... | The first private company to offer Hyderabad internet service began offering it in what year? | {'text': '1998', 'answer_start': 701} |
108,354 | 108,012 | 5a3ad3d43ff257001ab842a0 | generic | The great angiosperm radiation, when a great diversity of angiosperms appears in the fossil record, occurred in the mid-Cretaceous (approximately 100 million years ago). However, a study in 2007 estimated that the division of the five most recent (the genus Ceratophyllum, the family Chloranthaceae, the eudicots, the ma... | What is the appearance of ferns in the fossil record called? | {'text': 'great angiosperm radiation', 'answer_start': 4} |
11,237 | 10,895 | 5a631e5568151a001a9221f9 | generic | The period known as classical antiquity began with the rise of the city-states of Ancient Greece. Greek influence reached its zenith under the expansive empire of Alexander the Great, spreading throughout Asia. | Where did Alexander go to spread city-states? | {'text': 'throughout Asia', 'answer_start': 194} |
23,394 | 23,052 | 56f71740711bf01900a44936 | generic | Bilateral treaties are concluded between two states or entities. It is possible, however, for a bilateral treaty to have more than two parties; consider for instance the bilateral treaties between Switzerland and the European Union (EU) following the Swiss rejection of the European Economic Area agreement. Each of thes... | The treaty between Switzerland and the European Union is an example of what kind of treaty? | {'text': 'bilateral', 'answer_start': 170} |
42,620 | 42,278 | 570def080b85d914000d7bff | generic | Over the course of adolescence, the amount of white matter in the brain increases linearly, while the amount of grey matter in the brain follows an inverted-U pattern. Through a process called synaptic pruning, unnecessary neuronal connections in the brain are eliminated and the amount of grey matter is pared down. How... | During which process are unnecessary neuronal connections in the brain eliminated? | {'text': 'synaptic pruning', 'answer_start': 193} |
116,641 | 116,299 | 5a7e39b770df9f001a8755ab | generic | Throughout the 18th century, the watchword of translators was ease of reading. Whatever they did not understand in a text, or thought might bore readers, they omitted. They cheerfully assumed that their own style of expression was the best, and that texts should be made to conform to it in translation. For scholarship ... | What was the guiding ideal of translators throughout the 14th century? | {'text': 'ease of reading', 'answer_start': 62} |
86,318 | 85,976 | 57283d5d3acd2414000df799 | generic | Since the system's launch, production costs have been reduced significantly as a result of phasing out the Emotion Engine chip and falling hardware costs. The cost of manufacturing Cell microprocessors has fallen dramatically as a result of moving to the 65 nm production process, and Blu-ray Disc diodes have become che... | Along with a drop in the cost of hardware, PS3 has gotten cheaper to make because what chip was phased out? | {'text': 'Emotion Engine chip', 'answer_start': 107} |
83,895 | 83,553 | 572868892ca10214002da311 | generic | During the reign of Khārabēḷa, the Chedi dynasty of Kaḷinga ascended to eminence and restored the lost power and glory of Kaḷinga, which had been subdued since the devastating war with Ashoka. Kaḷingan military might was reinstated by Khārabēḷa: under Khārabēḷa's generalship, the Kaḷinga state had a formidable maritime... | What maritime advantage did the Kalingans have? | {'text': 'trade routes', 'answer_start': 332} |
66,237 | 65,895 | 5726bff8dd62a815002e8f52 | generic | Australian citizens and residents from other parts of the nation now have automatic right of residence on the island after meeting these criteria (Immigration (Amendment No. 2) Act 2012). Australian citizens must carry either a passport or a Document of Identity to travel to Norfolk Island. Citizens of all other nation... | What do citizens from other nations need in order to travel to Norfolk Island? | {'text': 'a passport', 'answer_start': 333} |
2,645 | 2,303 | 5a8dae8adf8bba001a0f9b73 | generic | The team worked on a Wii control scheme, adapting camera control and the fighting mechanics to the new interface. A prototype was created that used a swinging gesture to control the sword from a first-person viewpoint, but was unable to show the variety of Link's movements. When the third-person view was restored, Aonu... | How long was the Wii version of Twilight Princess delayed? | {'text': 'a month', 'answer_start': 1152} |
23,305 | 22,963 | 56f8d83e9e9bad19000a05dc | generic | The town was the subject of an attempt by a separate company, the Didcot, Newbury and Southampton Railway, to open another rail route to the North in the 1880s and some building work, including a surviving embankment, was undertaken in the Hill Lane area. | What feature survives in the Hill Lane area as evidence of the Didcot, Newbury and Southampton Railway's work? | {'text': 'embankment', 'answer_start': 206} |
10,138 | 9,796 | 5ad30079604f3c001a3fdaa4 | generic | Cardinal priests are the most numerous of the three orders of cardinals in the Catholic Church, ranking above the cardinal deacons and below the cardinal bishops. Those who are named cardinal priests today are generally bishops of important dioceses throughout the world, though some hold Curial positions. | Who are the most numerous of the four orders of cardinals in the Catholic Church? | {'text': 'Cardinal priests', 'answer_start': 0} |
27,748 | 27,406 | 56fae1d7f34c681400b0c171 | generic | The Somali language is a member of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family. Its nearest relatives are the Afar and Saho languages. Somali is the best documented of the Cushitic languages, with academic studies of it dating from before 1900. | Before what year did studies on the Somali language exist? | {'text': '1900', 'answer_start': 242} |
47,495 | 47,153 | 571dda9db64a571400c71da6 | generic | By 1990, the Census Bureau included more than a dozen ethnic/racial categories on the census, reflecting not only changing social ideas about ethnicity, but the wide variety of immigrants who had come to reside in the United States due to changing historical forces and new immigration laws in the 1960s. With a changing... | How many African Americans identify as multiracial on the Census of 2002? | {'text': 'over 75%', 'answer_start': 729} |
127,560 | 127,218 | 573376314776f41900660b30 | generic | Other trees of note include the royal palm, sea grape trees in the form of shrubs on the beaches and as 5 to 7 m trees in the interior areas of the island, aloe or aloe vera (brought from the Mediterranean), the night blooming cereus, mamillaria nivosa, yellow prickly pear or barbary fig which was planted as barbed wir... | What is the name of the night blooming flower on St. Barts? | {'text': 'cereus', 'answer_start': 227} |
49,499 | 49,157 | 5ad176e7645df0001a2d1d20 | generic | In March 1861, Victoria's mother died, with Victoria at her side. Through reading her mother's papers, Victoria discovered that her mother had loved her deeply; she was heart-broken, and blamed Conroy and Lehzen for "wickedly" estranging her from her mother. To relieve his wife during her intense and deep grief, Albert... | During which year did Victoria's mother live? | {'text': '1861', 'answer_start': 9} |
97,273 | 96,931 | 5a7d388a70df9f001a875019 | generic | However, early farmers were also adversely affected in times of famine, such as may be caused by drought or pests. In instances where agriculture had become the predominant way of life, the sensitivity to these shortages could be particularly acute, affecting agrarian populations to an extent that otherwise may not hav... | What type of societies were usually still successful after dealing with cultivation? | {'text': 'agrarian communities', 'answer_start': 401} |
42,221 | 41,879 | 570d65fafed7b91900d45fdf | generic | Despite odds of four to one, the III Corps launched a risky attack. The French were routed and the III Corps captured Vionville, blocking any further escape attempts to the west. Once blocked from retreat, the French in the fortress of Metz had no choice but to engage in a fight that would see the last major cavalry en... | The Germans recorded how many causualties in the battle? | {'text': '15,780', 'answer_start': 499} |
69,462 | 69,120 | 5726cdcbdd62a815002e90c7 | generic | In ancient Greece, the epics of Homer, who wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey, and Hesiod, who wrote Works and Days and Theogony, are some of the earliest, and most influential, of Ancient Greek literature. Classical Greek genres included philosophy, poetry, historiography, comedies and dramas. Plato and Aristotle authore... | Who wrote Works and Days and Theogony? | {'text': 'Hesiod', 'answer_start': 80} |
125,956 | 125,614 | 573360d64776f4190066092c | generic | But Sebastião de Melo's greatest reforms were economic and financial, with the creation of several companies and guilds to regulate every commercial activity. He demarcated the region for production of Port to ensure the wine's quality, and this was the first attempt to control wine quality and production in Europe. He... | Who was the first person to try to ensure the wine's quality in Portugal? | {'text': 'Sebastião de Melo', 'answer_start': 4} |
19,349 | 19,007 | 56e76f9037bdd419002c3fa7 | generic | In several countries, fire safety officials encourage citizens to use the two annual clock shifts as reminders to replace batteries in smoke and carbon monoxide detectors, particularly in autumn, just before the heating and candle season causes an increase in home fires. Similar twice-yearly tasks include reviewing and... | There are more fires in the fall and winter because people burn more candles and turn what on to keep warm? | {'text': 'heating', 'answer_start': 212} |
72,863 | 72,521 | 57270d33dd62a815002e985a | generic | If a tuberculosis infection does become active, it most commonly involves the lungs (in about 90% of cases). Symptoms may include chest pain and a prolonged cough producing sputum. About 25% of people may not have any symptoms (i.e. they remain "asymptomatic"). Occasionally, people may cough up blood in small amounts, ... | Which lobes of the lungs are more often affected by TB? | {'text': 'upper lung lobes', 'answer_start': 560} |
73,077 | 72,735 | 5a87300c1d3cee001a6a1117 | generic | The bacillus causing tuberculosis, M. tuberculosis, was identified and described on 24 March 1882 by Robert Koch. He received the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in 1905 for this discovery. Koch did not believe the bovine (cattle) and human tuberculosis diseases were similar, which delayed the recognition of infe... | What remedy did Koch win a Nobel prize for? | {'text': 'tuberculin', 'answer_start': 589} |
117,363 | 117,021 | 5a42d81e4a4859001aac7363 | generic | All versions of the SNES are predominantly gray, although the exact shade may differ. The original North American version, designed by Nintendo of America industrial designer Lance Barr (who previously redesigned the Famicom to become the NES), has a boxy design with purple sliding switches and a dark gray eject lever.... | What was placed on the console because of the curved surface of the NES? | {'text': 'food or drinks', 'answer_start': 398} |
48,769 | 48,427 | 5acfa37777cf76001a6856a0 | generic | Following the death of Husayn, Ibn al-Zubayr, although remaining in Mecca, was associated with two opposition movements, one centered in Medina and the other around Kharijites in Basra and Arabia. Because Medina had been home to Muhammad and his family, including Husayn, word of his death and the imprisonment of his fa... | What army laid siege to Arabia? | {'text': "Yazid's army", 'answer_start': 593} |
47,179 | 46,837 | 5a8ca1cafd22b3001a8d8c46 | generic | In psychology, memory is the process in which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved. Encoding allows information from the outside world to be sensed in the form of chemical and physical stimuli. In the first stage the information must be changed so that it may be put into the encoding process. Storage is the se... | What is the fourth memory stage? | {'text': 'retrieval of information that has been stored', 'answer_start': 455} |
113,474 | 113,132 | 572ff2f6947a6a140053ce60 | generic | Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy, derived features of and episodes about Bolgia from Arabic works on Islamic eschatology: the Hadith and the Kitab al-Miraj (translated into Latin in 1264 or shortly before as Liber Scale Machometi) concerning the ascension to Heaven of Muhammad, and the spiritual writings of Ibn Arabi. T... | What aspects from Islamic works did the Divine Comedy feature? | {'text': 'episodes about Bolgia from Arabic works on Islamic eschatology', 'answer_start': 57} |
42,116 | 41,774 | 570d46d1b3d812140066d626 | generic | Although public opinion in Paris was strongly against any form of surrender or concession to the Prussians, the Government realised that it could not hold the city for much longer, and that Gambetta's provincial armies would probably never break through to relieve Paris. President Trochu resigned on 25 January and was ... | In which French city was the surrender made official? | {'text': 'Versailles', 'answer_start': 382} |
61,229 | 60,887 | 5726ae265951b619008f7a22 | generic | The Immaculate Collection, Madonna's first greatest-hits compilation album, was released in November 1990. It included two new songs, "Justify My Love" and "Rescue Me". The album was certified diamond by RIAA and sold over 30 million copies worldwide, becoming the best-selling compilation album by a solo artist in hist... | Why did MTV ban the video for Justify My Love? | {'text': 'too sexually explicit', 'answer_start': 513} |
45,365 | 45,023 | 5ad36ba0604f3c001a3fe165 | generic | Dell was the first company to publicly state a timeline for the elimination of toxic polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and brominated flame retardants (BFRs), which it planned to phase out by the end of 2009. It revised this commitment and now aims to remove these toxics by the end of 2011 but only in its computing products. In... | What year did Dell launch its first products that weren't free of toxic chemicals? | {'text': '2009', 'answer_start': 715} |
44,913 | 44,571 | 57102e9eb654c5140001f891 | generic | Some researchers, such as Bruce Bagemihl, have criticized the labels "heterosexual" and "homosexual" as confusing and degrading. Bagemihl writes, "...the point of reference for 'heterosexual' or 'homosexual' orientation in this nomenclature is solely the individual's genetic sex prior to reassignment (see for example, ... | What does Bruce criticize the labels heterosexual and homsexual as? | {'text': 'confusing and degrading', 'answer_start': 104} |
53,722 | 53,380 | 5a0cff13f5590b0018dab705 | generic | Outsourcing production to low wage countries like Bangladesh, China, India and Sri Lanka became possible when the Multi Fibre Agreement (MFA) was abolished. The MFA, which placed quotas on textiles imports, was deemed a protectionist measure.[citation needed] Globalization is often quoted as the single most contributin... | The MFA stop quotas on what? | {'text': 'textiles imports', 'answer_start': 189} |
44,207 | 43,865 | 570f55cf5ab6b81900390eef | generic | The primary circadian "clock" in mammals is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (or nuclei) (SCN), a pair of distinct groups of cells located in the hypothalamus. Destruction of the SCN results in the complete absence of a regular sleep–wake rhythm. The SCN receives information about illumination through the eyes. T... | Where is the primary circadian gene located in humans? | {'text': 'suprachiasmatic nucleus', 'answer_start': 59} |
49,619 | 49,277 | 5ad17030645df0001a2d1b6a | generic | In 1839, Melbourne resigned after Radicals and Tories (both of whom Victoria detested) voted against a bill to suspend the constitution of Jamaica. The bill removed political power from plantation owners who were resisting measures associated with the abolition of slavery. The Queen commissioned a Tory, Sir Robert Peel... | Who voted for the bill to end the constitution of Jamaica? | {'text': 'Radicals and Tories', 'answer_start': 34} |
45,274 | 44,932 | 570fe3fb80d9841400ab3705 | generic | On April 23, 2008, Dell announced the closure of one of its biggest Canadian call-centers in Kanata, Ontario, terminating approximately 1100 employees, with 500 of those redundancies effective on the spot, and with the official closure of the center scheduled for the summer. The call-center had opened in 2006 after the... | What year did Dell close its largest Canadian call center? | {'text': '2008', 'answer_start': 13} |
126,143 | 125,801 | 57340cf1d058e614000b68a1 | generic | Tourist hotspots in Portugal are Lisbon, Algarve, Madeira, Porto and the city of Coimbra, also, between 4-5 million religious pilgrims visit Fátima each year, where apparitions of the Blessed Virgin Mary to three shepherd children reportedly took place in 1917. The Sanctuary of Fátima is one of the largest Roman Cathol... | What is the 16th European city to attract the most tourists? | {'text': 'Lisbon', 'answer_start': 497} |
3,988 | 3,646 | 56cfdef3234ae51400d9bfc2 | generic | The Hudson River flows through the Hudson Valley into New York Bay. Between New York City and Troy, New York, the river is an estuary. The Hudson River separates the city from the U.S. state of New Jersey. The East River—a tidal strait—flows from Long Island Sound and separates the Bronx and Manhattan from Long Island.... | The single only freshwater river in NYC is what river? | {'text': 'The Bronx River', 'answer_start': 440} |
100,694 | 100,352 | 572c82d4dfb02c14005c6b87 | generic | According to the U.S. Census Bureau, as of 2015, Tennessee had an estimated population of 6,600,299, which is an increase of 50,947, from the prior year and an increase of 254,194, or 4.01%, since the year 2010. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 142,266 people (that is 493,881 births minus 351,6... | What was Tennessee's estimated population in 2015? | {'text': '6,600,299', 'answer_start': 90} |
100,853 | 100,511 | 5a26f3c9c93d92001a400391 | generic | Nicholas Lezard described post-punk as "a fusion of art and music". The era saw the robust appropriation of ideas from literature, art, cinema, philosophy, politics and critical theory into musical and pop cultural contexts. Artists sought to refuse the common distinction between high and low culture and returned to th... | What culture did journalists not participate in? | {'text': 'post-punk', 'answer_start': 974} |
82,914 | 82,572 | 5727f3593acd2414000df0b2 | generic | In the fall of 2014, among the six undergraduate schools, 40.6% of undergraduate students are enrolled in the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, 21.3% in the McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, 14.3% in the School of Communication, 11.7% in the Medill School of Journalism, 5.7% in the Bienen School... | In the fall of 2014, which school did 11.7% of undergraduates enroll in? | {'text': 'Medill School of Journalism', 'answer_start': 266} |
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