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50,616 | 50,274 | 57265d965951b619008f70ac | generic | Masonic lodges existed in Iraq as early as 1917, when the first lodge under the United Grand Lodge of England (UGLE) was opened. Nine lodges under UGLE existed by the 1950s, and a Scottish lodge was formed in 1923. However, the position changed following the revolution, and all lodges were forced to close in 1965. This... | All Masonic lodges were forced to close in Iraq in what year? | {'text': '1965', 'answer_start': 310} |
110,865 | 110,523 | 572f9fd104bcaa1900d76b00 | generic | The simplest method, used for small-scale production and often by hobbyists, is immersion etching, in which the board is submerged in etching solution such as ferric chloride. Compared with methods used for mass production, the etching time is long. Heat and agitation can be applied to the bath to speed the etching rat... | Is the immersion etching process long or short compared to other production methods? | {'text': 'long', 'answer_start': 244} |
61,346 | 61,004 | 5726ea905951b619008f8259 | generic | Madonna released the Material Girl clothing line, which she designed with her daughter, Lourdes. The 1980s inspired clothing line, borrowed from Madonna's punk-girl style when she rose to fame in the 1980s, was released under the Macy's label. Madonna also opened a series of fitness centers around the world named Hard ... | What is the name of the fitness gyms that Madonna opened? | {'text': 'Hard Candy Fitness', 'answer_start': 315} |
75,825 | 75,483 | 5a3bfcfecc5d22001a521cc3 | generic | The Fujiwara controlled the throne until the reign of Emperor Go-Sanjō (1068-1073), the first emperor not born of a Fujiwara mother since the ninth century. Go-Sanjo, determined to restore imperial control through strong personal rule, implemented reforms to curb Fujiwara influence. He also established an office to com... | Who felt threatened by the Fujiware attempt to validate estate records? | {'text': 'shōen', 'answer_start': 403} |
53,415 | 53,073 | 5725fabf271a42140099d399 | generic | Widely referred to as Highbury, Arsenal Stadium was the club's home from September 1913 until May 2006. The original stadium was designed by the renowned football architect Archibald Leitch, and had a design common to many football grounds in the UK at the time, with a single covered stand and three open-air banks of t... | When did Arsenal FC leave Highbury stadium? | {'text': 'May 2006', 'answer_start': 94} |
89,207 | 88,865 | 57284d303acd2414000df8d1 | generic | In their first meeting after the election the group's Members of Parliament decided to adopt the name "The Labour Party" formally (15 February 1906). Keir Hardie, who had taken a leading role in getting the party established, was elected as Chairman of the Parliamentary Labour Party (in effect, the Leader), although on... | Who overturned the Taft Vale judgement? | {'text': 'Liberal Government', 'answer_start': 699} |
57,809 | 57,467 | 5a519ec0b308da001a5a2328 | generic | There are several theories to the Islamisation process in Southeast Asia. Another theory is trade. The expansion of trade among West Asia, India and Southeast Asia helped the spread of the religion as Muslim traders from Southern Yemen (Hadramout) brought Islam to the region with their large volume of trade. Many settl... | Where did Yemen traders come from? | {'text': 'Indonesia, Singapore, and Malaysia', 'answer_start': 326} |
50,264 | 49,922 | 57267d5c5951b619008f7483 | generic | According to one of her biographers, Giles St Aubyn, Victoria wrote an average of 2,500 words a day during her adult life. From July 1832 until just before her death, she kept a detailed journal, which eventually encompassed 122 volumes. After Victoria's death, her youngest daughter, Princess Beatrice, was appointed he... | How avid of a writer was the Queen? | {'text': 'Victoria wrote an average of 2,500 words a day', 'answer_start': 53} |
83,207 | 82,865 | 5acd583707355d001abf3e0b | generic | The centre of Argentoratum proper was situated on the Grande Île (Cardo: current Rue du Dôme, Decumanus: current Rue des Hallebardes). The outline of the Roman "castrum" is visible in the street pattern in the Grande Ile. Many Roman artifacts have also been found along the current Route des Romains, the road that led t... | In what year was the Bishopric of Strasbourg established? | {'text': '1948', 'answer_start': 877} |
82,311 | 81,969 | 5727c72dff5b5019007d94f0 | generic | In 821/822 CE Tibet and China signed a peace treaty. A bilingual account of this treaty, including details of the borders between the two countries, is inscribed on a stone pillar which stands outside the Jokhang temple in Lhasa. Tibet continued as a Central Asian empire until the mid-9th century, when a civil war over... | When did Tibet and China sign a peace treaty? | {'text': '821/822 CE', 'answer_start': 3} |
127,296 | 126,954 | 5733f9c64776f41900661619 | generic | The exclusion of social and political groups as targets of genocide in the CPPCG legal definition has been criticized by some historians and sociologists, for example M. Hassan Kakar in his book The Soviet Invasion and the Afghan Response, 1979–1982 argues that the international definition of genocide is too restricted... | In further elaborating on the definition, how did Chalk and Jonassohn phrase the intention of the perpetrator? | {'text': 'intends to destroy a group', 'answer_start': 523} |
8,214 | 7,872 | 56dcdca466d3e219004dab3d | generic | The Portuguese explorer Diogo Cão reached the mouth of the Congo in 1484. Commercial relationships quickly grew between the inland Bantu kingdoms and European merchants who traded various commodities, manufactured goods, and people captured from the hinterlands. After centuries as a major hub for transatlantic trade, d... | Whose expedition arrived at the mouth of the Congo River in 1484? | {'text': 'Diogo Cão', 'answer_start': 24} |
111,563 | 111,221 | 5ad2a02cd7d075001a429c8f | generic | Notable Greek seafarers include people such as Pytheas of Marseilles, Scylax of Caryanda who sailed to Iberia and beyond, Nearchus, the 6th century merchant and later monk Cosmas Indicopleustes (Cosmas who sailed to India) and the explorer of the Northwestern passage Juan de Fuca. In later times, the Romioi plied the s... | Who proposed that change wasn't needed in the way business with the Greeks was to be conducted | {'text': 'trade until an embargo imposed by the Roman Emperor', 'answer_start': 365} |
53,515 | 53,173 | 57260ff138643c19005acf9f | generic | Arsenal have appeared in a number of media "firsts". On 22 January 1927, their match at Highbury against Sheffield United was the first English League match to be broadcast live on radio. A decade later, on 16 September 1937, an exhibition match between Arsenal's first team and the reserves was the first football match... | When was Arsenal's match the first to be televised live? | {'text': '16 September 1937', 'answer_start': 207} |
100,739 | 100,397 | 572c99202babe914003c299e | generic | Tennessee politics, like that of most U.S. states, are dominated by the Republican and the Democratic parties. Historian Dewey W. Grantham traces divisions in the state to the period of the American Civil War: for decades afterward, the eastern third of the state was Republican and the western two thirds voted Democrat... | What type of farmers inhabited eastern Tennessee in the late 19th century? | {'text': 'yeoman', 'answer_start': 448} |
24,546 | 24,204 | 56f7fe64aef2371900625d4e | generic | The tradition holds that Virgil was born in the village of Andes, near Mantua in Cisalpine Gaul. Analysis of his name has led to beliefs that he descended from earlier Roman colonists. Modern speculation ultimately is not supported by narrative evidence either from his own writings or his later biographers. Macrobius s... | Does Macrobius believe Virgil's father came from a distinguished or humble background? | {'text': 'humble', 'answer_start': 354} |
48,813 | 48,471 | 5acfafc277cf76001a685862 | generic | Umar is honored for his attempt to resolve the fiscal problems attendant upon conversion to Islam. During the Umayyad period, the majority of people living within the caliphate were not Muslim, but Christian, Jewish, Zoroastrian, or members of other small groups. These religious communities were not forced to convert t... | Who encouraged conversions in order to make more revenue? | {'text': 'provincial governors', 'answer_start': 549} |
19,113 | 18,771 | 56e6db4d6fe0821900b8ebee | generic | Other popular names for the format include "Warm", "Sunny", "Bee" (or "B") and (particularly in Canada) "EZ Rock". The format can be seen as a more contemporary successor to and combination of the middle of the road (MOR), beautiful music, easy listening and soft rock formats. Many stations in the soft AC format capita... | What station first introduced the tagline "everyone at work can agree on"? | {'text': 'KOST', 'answer_start': 488} |
114,449 | 114,107 | 57304d5c069b531400832028 | generic | In front of the goal is the penalty area. This area is marked by the goal line, two lines starting on the goal line 16.5 m (18 yd) from the goalposts and extending 16.5 m (18 yd) into the pitch perpendicular to the goal line, and a line joining them. This area has a number of functions, the most prominent being to mark... | a penalty foul by the defending team can be punishable by a what? | {'text': 'penalty kick', 'answer_start': 445} |
1,926 | 1,584 | 56cd6e9062d2951400fa65ad | generic | Wylie asserts that this type of censorship of the History of Ming distorts the true picture of the history of Sino-Tibetan relations, while the Ming court granted titles to various lamas regardless of their sectarian affiliations in an ongoing civil war in Tibet between competing Buddhist factions. Wylie argues that Mi... | Who was the viceregal Sakya regime overthrown by? | {'text': 'the Phagmodru myriarchy', 'answer_start': 573} |
108,892 | 108,550 | 572f435f947a6a140053c82a | generic | An urban runoff facility (SMURFF), the first of its kind in the US, catches and treats 3.5 million US gallons (13,000 m3) of water each week that would otherwise flow into the bay via storm-drains and sells it back to end-users within the city for reuse as gray-water, while bio-swales throughout the city allow rainwate... | Santa Monica plans on water independence by what year? | {'text': '2020', 'answer_start': 554} |
18,849 | 18,507 | 5ad50a975b96ef001a10aa90 | generic | The density of paper ranges from 250 kg/m3 (16 lb/cu ft) for tissue paper to 1,500 kg/m3 (94 lb/cu ft) for some speciality paper. Printing paper is about 800 kg/m3 (50 lb/cu ft). | What is the range of paper weight? | {'text': 'from 250 kg/m3 (16 lb/cu ft) for tissue paper to 1,500 kg/m3 (94 lb/cu ft) for some speciality paper.', 'answer_start': 28} |
126,297 | 125,955 | 57327732b9d445190005eb43 | generic | Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence (rationalism, empiricism) over acceptance of dogma or superstition. The meaning of the term humanism has fluctuated according to the su... | Instead of turning to a spiritual or divine source practicers of humanism turn to what? | {'text': 'science', 'answer_start': 672} |
24,109 | 23,767 | 56f95d2a9b226e1400dd13bb | generic | Following capture and occupation by the United States during World War II, the Marshall Islands, along with several other island groups located in Micronesia, passed formally to the United States under United Nations auspices in 1947 as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands established pursuant to Security... | What resolution of the UN Security Council gave the United States control over the Marshalls? | {'text': 'Security Council Resolution 21', 'answer_start': 312} |
51,994 | 51,652 | 572644e91125e71900ae1942 | generic | Clay models of ducks found in China dating back to 4000 BC may indicate the domestication of ducks took place there during the Yangshao culture. Even if this is not the case, domestication of the duck took place in the Far East at least 1500 years earlier than in the West. Lucius Columella, writing in the first century... | How long have ducks possibly been in domesticated domicile with humans? | {'text': 'Clay models of ducks found in China dating back to 4000 BC may indicate the domestication of ducks took place there during the Yangshao culture', 'answer_start': 0} |
42,358 | 42,016 | 570d5cb5b3d812140066d73c | generic | Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production, which in turn causes a number of physical changes. It is the stage of life characterized by the appearance and development of secondary sex characteristics (for example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys, and development o... | Which part of the body relesases estrogen in females? | {'text': 'ovaries', 'answer_start': 833} |
45,354 | 45,012 | 5ad36b09604f3c001a3fe14f | generic | In late 2006[update], Dell lost its lead in the PC-business to Hewlett-Packard. Both Gartner and IDC estimated that in the third quarter of 2006, HP shipped more units worldwide than Dell did. Dell's 3.6% growth paled in comparison to HP's 15% growth during the same period. The problem got worse in the fourth quarter, ... | What was HP's growth during the third quarter of 2007? | {'text': '15%', 'answer_start': 240} |
88,481 | 88,139 | 572834aeff5b5019007d9f09 | generic | In 2007 Torsten Struck and colleagues compared 3 genes in 81 taxa, of which 9 were outgroups, in other words not considered closely related to annelids but included to give an indication of where the organisms under study are placed on the larger tree of life. For a cross-check the study used an analysis of 11 genes (i... | How many annelid genes did Torsten Struck first compare? | {'text': '3', 'answer_start': 47} |
130,368 | 130,026 | 5735d0026c16ec1900b92815 | generic | Institute of Medicine, the central college of Tribhuwan University is the first medical college of Nepal and is located in Maharajgunj, Kathmandu. It was established in 1972 and started to impart medical education from 1978. A number of medical colleges including Kathmandu Medical College, Nepal Medical College, KIST M... | Of what university is the Institute of Medicine a constituent college? | {'text': 'Tribhuwan', 'answer_start': 46} |
48,148 | 47,806 | 5ad35451604f3c001a3fdd75 | generic | By the 1890s the profound effect of adrenal extracts on many different tissue types had been discovered, setting off a search both for the mechanism of chemical signalling and efforts to exploit these observations for the development of new drugs. The blood pressure raising and vasoconstrictive effects of adrenal extra... | Who identified the inactive substance? | {'text': 'John Abel', 'answer_start': 545} |
30,592 | 30,250 | 5ad2878bd7d075001a42991a | generic | The tour in March 1987[citation needed] of Knuckles, Jefferson, Fingers Inc. (Heard) and Adonis as the DJ International Tour boosted house in the UK. Following the number-one success of MARRS' "Pump Up The Volume" in October, the years 1987 to 1989 also saw UK acts such as The Beatmasters, Krush, Coldcut, Yazz, Bomb Th... | What tour boosted house in the US in the late 80s? | {'text': 'Knuckles, Jefferson, Fingers Inc. (Heard) and Adonis as the DJ International Tour', 'answer_start': 43} |
11,431 | 11,089 | 5a8315c1e60761001a2eb3b4 | generic | Baird Television Ltd. made Britain's first television broadcast, on 30 September 1929 from its studio in Long Acre, London, via the BBC's London transmitter, using the electromechanical system pioneered by John Logie Baird. This system used a vertically-scanned image of 30 lines – just enough resolution for a close-up ... | What year did BBC radio go off the air? | {'text': '1930', 'answer_start': 548} |
107,348 | 107,006 | 572f02fbcb0c0d14000f1708 | generic | The Dutch East India Company (1800) and British East India Company (1858) were dissolved by their respective governments, who took over the direct administration of the colonies. Only Thailand was spared the experience of foreign rule, although, Thailand itself was also greatly affected by the power politics of the Wes... | What dispatched of The Dutch East India Company and the British East India Company? | {'text': 'their respective governments', 'answer_start': 92} |
124,290 | 123,948 | 573245c9e99e3014001e6618 | generic | During Soviet rule, Armenian athletes rose to prominence winning plenty of medals and helping the USSR win the medal standings at the Olympics on numerous occasions. The first medal won by an Armenian in modern Olympic history was by Hrant Shahinyan, who won two golds and two silvers in gymnastics at the 1952 Summer Ol... | Who won Armenia's first Olympic medal? | {'text': 'Hrant Shahinyan', 'answer_start': 234} |
75,149 | 74,807 | 5a317fafe4dcb1001abb237f | generic | On 20 June 1995, the Southern Baptist Convention voted to adopt a resolution renouncing its racist roots and apologizing for its past defense of slavery. More than 20,000 Southern Baptists registered for the meeting in Atlanta. The resolution declared that messengers, as SBC delegates are called, "unwaveringly denounce... | How many Baptists unregistered for the meeting in Atlanta? | {'text': 'More than 20,000', 'answer_start': 154} |
76,291 | 75,949 | 5727e4a64b864d1900163f71 | generic | Spring 1989 saw the people of the Soviet Union exercising a democratic choice, albeit limited, for the first time since 1917, when they elected the new Congress of People's Deputies. Just as important was the uncensored live TV coverage of the legislature's deliberations, where people witnessed the previously feared Co... | Who was questioned on live TV? | {'text': 'Communist leadership', 'answer_start': 318} |
60,326 | 59,984 | 5726efce708984140094d679 | generic | A lone naked human is at a physical disadvantage to other comparable apex predators in areas such as speed, bone density, weight, and physical strength. Humans also lack innate weaponry such as claws. Without crafted weapons, society, or cleverness, a lone human can easily be defeated by fit predatory animals, such as ... | What are humans' primary competitors? | {'text': 'other humans', 'answer_start': 794} |
55,307 | 54,965 | 57263b9538643c19005ad347 | generic | In the beginning of 1996, several human rights groups brought cases to hold Shell accountable for alleged human rights violations in Nigeria, including summary execution, crimes against humanity, torture, inhumane treatment and arbitrary arrest and detention. In particular, Shell stood accused of collaborating in the e... | In what year did Shell agree to settle the lawsuits filed in 1996? | {'text': '2009', 'answer_start': 580} |
23,067 | 22,725 | 56f880ddaef2371900626129 | generic | Southampton City Council has developed twinning links with Le Havre in France (since 1973), Rems-Murr-Kreis in Germany (since 1991), Trieste in Italy (since 2002); Hampton, Virginia in USA, Qingdao in China (since 1998), and Busan in South Korea (since 1978). | Which Italian city did Southampton City Council establish a twinning link with in 2002? | {'text': 'Trieste', 'answer_start': 133} |
97,902 | 97,560 | 572a7cac111d821400f38b60 | generic | Nevertheless, Makdisi has asserted that the European university borrowed many of its features from the Islamic madrasa, including the concepts of a degree and doctorate. Makdisi and Hugh Goddard have also highlighted other terms and concepts now used in modern universities which most likely have Islamic origins, includ... | What clothing practice did Makdisi believe European schools learned from madaris? | {'text': 'wearing academic robes', 'answer_start': 1205} |
63,126 | 62,784 | 5726a3fc5951b619008f78b6 | generic | The Sun has been openly antagonistic towards other European nations, particularly the French and Germans. During the 1980s and 1990s, the nationalities were routinely described in copy and headlines as "frogs", "krauts" or "hun". As the paper is opposed to the EU it has referred to foreign leaders who it deemed hostile... | What names were used by The Sun to characterize the French and Germans? | {'text': '"frogs", "krauts" or "hun"', 'answer_start': 202} |
241 | 241 | 138440 | pubqa | Campylobacter sp. (2/56), norovirus GI and GII (11/56), rotavirus (1/56) and Giardia lamblia (3/56) were detected in stool samples. On 6 December 2010 there was a fire in a textile factory in the centre of Hemiksem, Belgium. Fireghters used water from two hydrants, connected to the tap water network, and from a unit hy... | What are the first steps of mitigation?
| {'answer_id': 273638, 'document_id': 445514, 'question_id': 138440, 'text': 'advised not to consume or use tap water', 'answer_start': 805, 'answer_category': 'LONG'} |
77,306 | 76,964 | 57278d8e5951b619008f8d51 | generic | Contrary to popular belief, if placed properly and prepared-for, drums could be effectively used and heard on even the earliest jazz and military band recordings. The loudest instruments such as the drums and trumpets were positioned the farthest away from the collecting horn. Lillian Hardin Armstrong, a member of King... | How far away has a trumpeter been known to stand? | {'text': 'fifteen feet', 'answer_start': 555} |
38,018 | 37,676 | 5a8cacfafd22b3001a8d8d18 | generic | The control of associated biodiversity is one of the great agricultural challenges that farmers face. On monoculture farms, the approach is generally to eradicate associated diversity using a suite of biologically destructive pesticides, mechanized tools and transgenic engineering techniques, then to rotate crops. Alth... | What farmers use integrated capital management strategies? | {'text': 'polyculture farmers', 'answer_start': 330} |
26,180 | 25,838 | 56f8fab19b226e1400dd121d | generic | This view reveals a somewhat less than altruistic Christian intent of the British Empire; however, it was paradoxical from the beginning, as Simpson and most other writers pointed out. The Ottomans were portrayed as the slavers, but even as the American and British fleets were striking at the Barbary pirates on behalf ... | Who is known as the saint of all British colonial officers? | {'text': 'Charles George Gordon', 'answer_start': 411} |
70,240 | 69,898 | 572907353f37b31900477fa1 | generic | The first known European explorer to reach Bermuda was Spanish sea captain Juan de Bermúdez in 1503, after whom the islands are named. He claimed the apparently uninhabited islands for the Spanish Empire. Paying two visits to the archipelago, Bermúdez never landed on the islands, but did create a recognisable map of th... | Who was the first known European explorer to reach Bermuda? | {'text': 'Juan de Bermúdez', 'answer_start': 75} |
100,131 | 99,789 | 572b8f5d111d821400f38f13 | generic | Czech, the official language of the Czech Republic (a member of the European Union since 2004), is one of the EU's official languages and the 2012 Eurobarometer survey found that Czech was the foreign language most often used in Slovakia. Economist Jonathan van Parys collected data on language knowledge in Europe for t... | Who collected data on language knowledge in Europe for the 2012 European Day of Languages? | {'text': 'Jonathan van Parys', 'answer_start': 249} |
118,472 | 118,130 | 573107a2e6313a140071cb77 | generic | Providing 25% of Namibia's revenue, mining is the single most important contributor to the economy. Namibia is the fourth largest exporter of non-fuel minerals in Africa and the world's fourth largest producer of uranium. There has been significant investment in uranium mining and Namibia is set to become the largest e... | What does rich alluvial diamond deposits make Namibia a source of? | {'text': 'gem-quality diamonds', 'answer_start': 413} |
13,439 | 13,097 | 5acd3edb07355d001abf3a1d | generic | In the 1950s, Lewis Binford suggested that early humans were obtaining meat via scavenging, not hunting. Early humans in the Lower Paleolithic lived in forests and woodlands, which allowed them to collect seafood, eggs, nuts, and fruits besides scavenging. Rather than killing large animals for meat, according to this v... | Which population dispersed through areas of low primary productivity? | {'text': 'Paleolithic hunter-gatherers', 'answer_start': 509} |
43,709 | 43,367 | 5ad1120d645df0001a2d0c15 | generic | Many contemporary uses of uranium exploit its unique nuclear properties. Uranium-235 has the distinction of being the only naturally occurring fissile isotope. Uranium-238 is fissionable by fast neutrons, and is fertile, meaning it can be transmuted to fissile plutonium-239 in a nuclear reactor. Another fissile isotope... | Along with uranium-235, what isotope is noted for having a low fission cross-section for slow neutrons? | {'text': 'uranium-233', 'answer_start': 562} |
64,466 | 64,124 | 57274a76708984140094dbcd | generic | With the financial expansion, trading rights became more jealously guarded by the commercial elite. Towns saw the growing power of guilds, while on a national level special companies would be granted monopolies on particular trades, like the English wool Staple. The beneficiaries of these developments would accumulate ... | Which economic associations gained power in the towns? | {'text': 'guilds', 'answer_start': 131} |
118,820 | 118,478 | 5730f30ce6313a140071cae3 | generic | According to the Institute of Russian Language of the Russian Academy of Sciences, an optional acute accent (знак ударения) may, and sometimes should, be used to mark stress. For example, it is used to distinguish between otherwise identical words, especially when context does not make it obvious: замо́к/за́мок (lock/c... | What is distinguished from 'this is odd' only by an accent, in Russian? | {'text': 'this is marvelous', 'answer_start': 396} |
22,476 | 22,134 | 56f75e42aef2371900625b5f | generic | Classical music has often incorporated elements or material from popular music of the composer's time. Examples include occasional music such as Brahms' use of student drinking songs in his Academic Festival Overture, genres exemplified by Kurt Weill's The Threepenny Opera, and the influence of jazz on early- and mid-2... | What type of music was Maurice Ravel influenced by? | {'text': 'jazz', 'answer_start': 296} |
121,715 | 121,373 | 5a77c152b73996001af5a55e | generic | Colloquially, the term university may be used to describe a phase in one's life: "When I was at university..." (in the United States and Ireland, college is often used instead: "When I was in college..."). In Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Nigeria, the Netherlands, Spain and the German-speaking cou... | Mexico refers to a university in what other way? | {'text': 'uni', 'answer_start': 361} |
82,478 | 82,136 | 5ad0097677cf76001a6867c0 | generic | Muslims have been living in Tibet since as early as the 8th or 9th century. In Tibetan cities, there are small communities of Muslims, known as Kachee (Kache), who trace their origin to immigrants from three main regions: Kashmir (Kachee Yul in ancient Tibetan), Ladakh and the Central Asian Turkic countries. Islamic in... | What group of people has been living in Tibet since 1959? | {'text': 'Muslims', 'answer_start': 0} |
36,661 | 36,319 | 570b24296b8089140040f77d | generic | To aid customers with defective consoles, Microsoft extended the Xbox 360's manufacturer's warranty to three years for hardware failure problems that generate a "General Hardware Failure" error report. A "General Hardware Failure" is recognized on all models released before the Xbox 360 S by three quadrants of the ring... | What is the flashing indicator of a general hardware error known as? | {'text': 'Red Ring of Death', 'answer_start': 393} |
15,333 | 14,991 | 5acf8dae77cf76001a68522a | generic | Webcomics are comics that are available on the internet. They are able to reach large audiences, and new readers usually can access archived installments. Webcomics can make use of an infinite canvas—meaning they are not constrained by size or dimensions of a page. | Webcomics reach large audiences and old what? | {'text': 'readers', 'answer_start': 105} |
95,197 | 94,855 | 5a2c4d64bfd06b001a5aeafd | generic | After a lull during the period of modern architectural dominance (roughly post-World War II until the mid-1980s), neoclassicism has seen somewhat of a resurgence. This rebirth can be traced to the movement of New Urbanism and postmodern architecture's embrace of classical elements as ironic, especially in light of the ... | Why does modernism shape urban planning? | {'text': 'a generation of architects trained in this discipline', 'answer_start': 1066} |
75,002 | 74,660 | 57279112708984140094e119 | generic | During the Protestant Reformation, the Church of England (Anglicans) separated from the Roman Catholic Church. There were some Christians who were not content with the achievements of the mainstream Protestant Reformation. There also were Christians who were disappointed that the Church of England had not made correcti... | During the Protestant Reformation, the Church of England (Anglicans) separated from who? | {'text': 'the Roman Catholic Church', 'answer_start': 84} |
71,900 | 71,558 | 5726f50add62a815002e9633 | generic | In Babylonian astronomy, records of the motions of the stars, planets, and the moon are left on thousands of clay tablets created by scribes. Even today, astronomical periods identified by Mesopotamian proto-scientists are still widely used in Western calendars such as the solar year and the lunar month. Using these da... | Who believes that the Hellenistic world relies on Babylonian astronomy? | {'text': 'A. Aaboe', 'answer_start': 877} |
120,972 | 120,630 | 57313756a5e9cc1400cdbd09 | generic | Egypt has one of the longest histories of any modern country, arising in the tenth millennium BC as one of the world's first nation states. Considered a cradle of civilisation, Ancient Egypt experienced some of the earliest developments of writing, agriculture, urbanisation, organised religion and central government. I... | In what century were islamic conquests of Egypt? | {'text': 'seventh century', 'answer_start': 906} |
113,108 | 112,766 | 5ad4c9205b96ef001a10a090 | generic | Rainfall along the coast averages about 10 inches (250 mm) of precipitation annually. The average (mean) rainfall is 10.65 inches (271 mm) and the median is 9.6 inches (240 mm). Most of the rainfall occurs during the cooler months. The months of December through March supply most of the rain, with February the only mon... | What is the average annual precipitation along San Francisco's coast? | {'text': '10.65 inches (271 mm)', 'answer_start': 117} |
22,982 | 22,640 | 56f85bc0a6d7ea1400e175b9 | generic | During the Middle Ages, shipbuilding became an important industry for the town. Henry V's famous warship HMS Grace Dieu was built in Southampton. Walter Taylor's 18th century mechanisation of the block-making process was a significant step in the Industrial Revolution. From 1904 to 2004, the Thornycroft shipbuilding ya... | What skilled trade was a central industry for Southampton in the Middle Ages? | {'text': 'shipbuilding', 'answer_start': 24} |
61,967 | 61,625 | 5726f798f1498d1400e8f142 | generic | Despite Western isolation, Asian corporations have generally remained willing to continue investing in the country and to initiate new investments, particularly in natural resource extraction. The country has close relations with neighbouring India and China with several Indian and Chinese companies operating in the co... | What two countries does Burma have Superior relationships with ? | {'text': 'India and China', 'answer_start': 243} |
51,868 | 51,526 | 5725e80089a1e219009ac076 | generic | The Uruguayan Basketball League is headquartered in Montevideo and most of its teams are from the city, including Defensor Sporting, Biguá, Aguada, Goes, Malvín, Unión Atlética, and Trouville. Montevideo is also a centre of rugby; equestrianism, which regained importance in Montevideo after the Maroñas Racecourse reope... | Where is the Uruguayan Basketball League headquartered? | {'text': 'Montevideo', 'answer_start': 52} |
47,352 | 47,010 | 5a8ce832fd22b3001a8d8ffa | generic | Interference can hamper memorization and retrieval. There is retroactive interference, when learning new information makes it harder to recall old information and proactive interference, where prior learning disrupts recall of new information. Although interference can lead to forgetting, it is important to keep in min... | What disrupts recall of old information? | {'text': 'prior learning', 'answer_start': 193} |
25,064 | 24,722 | 56f8d4ee9b226e1400dd10b5 | generic | The lower regions and larger towns of the Alps are well-served by motorways and main roads, but higher mountain passes and byroads, which are amongst the highest in Europe, can be treacherous even in summer due to steep slopes. Many passes are closed in winter. A multitude of airports around the Alps (and some within),... | What can be treacherous even in summer due to steep slopes? | {'text': 'mountain passes', 'answer_start': 103} |
45,918 | 45,576 | 57108c38b654c5140001f973 | generic | The context for the rise of the public sphere was the economic and social change commonly associated with the Industrial Revolution: "economic expansion, increasing urbanization, rising population and improving communications in comparison to the stagnation of the previous century"." Rising efficiency in production tec... | Did rising efficiency in production and communication lower or raise the prices of consumer goods? | {'text': 'lowered', 'answer_start': 346} |
54,732 | 54,390 | 572621eeec44d21400f3d955 | generic | By 500 BC, the Persian Empire controlled the Greek city states in Asia Minor and had made territorial gains in the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper as well. Attempts by some of the Greek city-states of Asia Minor to overthrow Persian rule failed, and Persia invaded the states of mainland Greece in 492 BC, but was forc... | After the Persians left Europe, the time period that followed was called what? | {'text': 'Golden Age of Athens', 'answer_start': 1102} |
116,829 | 116,487 | 5a4e94fe755ab9001a10f510 | generic | Tower Control controls aircraft on the runway and in the controlled airspace immediately surrounding the airport. Tower controllers may use radar to locate an aircraft's position in three-dimensional space, or they may rely on pilot position reports and visual observation. They coordinate the sequencing of aircraft in ... | What does the airport use to locate an aircraft? | {'text': 'radar', 'answer_start': 140} |
67,923 | 67,581 | 5726aaf25951b619008f7975 | generic | Mali (i/ˈmɑːli/; French: [maˈli]), officially the Republic of Mali (French: République du Mali), is a landlocked country in West Africa. Mali is the eighth-largest country in Africa, with an area of just over 1,240,000 square kilometres (480,000 sq mi). The population of Mali is 14.5 million. Its capital is Bamako. Mal... | What are two major rivers located inside of Mali? | {'text': 'Niger and Senegal rivers', 'answer_start': 514} |
16,323 | 15,981 | 56e10a04cd28a01900c674a3 | generic | The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews i... | Apollo 15 landed on the Moon on what date? | {'text': 'July 1971', 'answer_start': 1222} |
124,965 | 124,623 | 5732553d0fdd8d15006c69d1 | generic | The contacts gained through university and American Assembly fund-raising activities would later become important supporters in Eisenhower's bid for the Republican party nomination and the presidency. Meanwhile, Columbia University's liberal faculty members became disenchanted with the university president's ties to oi... | What was the political orientation of Columbia's teachers? | {'text': 'liberal', 'answer_start': 234} |
93,488 | 93,146 | 572925d76aef051400154ab9 | generic | The most familiar, and historically the oldest, types of glass are "silicate glasses" based on the chemical compound silica (silicon dioxide, or quartz), the primary constituent of sand. The term glass, in popular usage, is often used to refer only to this type of material, which is familiar from use as window glass an... | What kind of glass are containers made from? | {'text': 'soda-lime glass', 'answer_start': 460} |
53,030 | 52,688 | 57262605271a42140099d5e7 | generic | The role of the gas is to prevent evaporation of the filament, without introducing significant heat losses. For these properties, chemical inertness and high atomic or molecular weight is desirable. The presence of gas molecules knocks the liberated tungsten atoms back to the filament, reducing its evaporation and allo... | What is the purpose of the gas in a light bulb? | {'text': 'to prevent evaporation of the filament, without introducing significant heat losses', 'answer_start': 23} |
37,884 | 37,542 | 5a8cbffbfd22b3001a8d8dfa | generic | Global agreements such as the Convention on Biological Diversity, give "sovereign national rights over biological resources" (not property). The agreements commit countries to "conserve biodiversity", "develop resources for sustainability" and "share the benefits" resulting from their use. Biodiverse countries that all... | What global agreement gives sovereign national rights over private resources? | {'text': 'the Convention on Biological Diversity', 'answer_start': 26} |
56,149 | 55,807 | 572655bedd62a815002e81d1 | generic | Due to the legitimate role that referees play in wrestling of serving as liaison between the bookers backstage and the wrestlers in the ring (the role of being a final arbitrator is merely kayfabe), the referee is present, even in matches that do not at first glance appear to require a referee (such as a ladder match, ... | What is a common rule about referees? | {'text': 'The most basic rule is that an action must be seen by a referee to be declared for a fall or disqualification.', 'answer_start': 625} |
58,925 | 58,583 | 5acd865607355d001abf458f | generic | Florida i/ˈflɒrɪdə/ (Spanish for "flowery land") is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida and the sovereign state of Cuba... | What state is located in the Northeastern region of the US? | {'text': 'Florida', 'answer_start': 0} |
126,841 | 126,499 | 5aceb78232bba1001ae4b14e | generic | In France during the Middle Ages, there were two Great Officers of the Crown of France with police responsibilities: The Marshal of France and the Constable of France. The military policing responsibilities of the Marshal of France were delegated to the Marshal's provost, whose force was known as the Marshalcy because ... | How were the Marshal and Constable of France informally classified? | {'text': 'Great Officers of the Crown of France', 'answer_start': 49} |
68,181 | 67,839 | 5acd52b907355d001abf3d48 | generic | The city's location was chosen, in part, for being within 11 mi (18 km) of Isaac Hunter's Tavern, a popular tavern frequented by the state legislators. No known city or town existed previously on the chosen city site. Raleigh is one of the few cities in the United States that was planned and built specifically to serve... | What is the opposite of a grid system? | {'text': 'two main axes meeting at a central square', 'answer_start': 463} |
91,341 | 90,999 | 5729a3d56aef051400155075 | generic | In some cultures, insects, especially deep-fried cicadas, are considered to be delicacies, while in other places they form part of the normal diet. Insects have a high protein content for their mass, and some authors suggest their potential as a major source of protein in human nutrition.:10–13 In most first-world coun... | What deep-fried insect is part of the normal diet in some cultures? | {'text': 'cicadas', 'answer_start': 49} |
652 | 310 | 56d4ceac2ccc5a1400d83240 | generic | At the 57th Annual Grammy Awards in February 2015, Beyoncé was nominated for six awards, ultimately winning three: Best R&B Performance and Best R&B Song for "Drunk in Love", and Best Surround Sound Album for Beyoncé. She was nominated for Album of the Year but the award was won by Beck for his Morning Phase album. In ... | How many awards was Beyoncé nominated for at the 57th annual Grammys? | {'text': 'six', 'answer_start': 77} |
109,043 | 108,701 | 572f552a947a6a140053c88d | generic | Although chartered as a university, for many years Washington University functioned primarily as a night school located on 17th Street and Washington Avenue in the heart of downtown St. Louis. Owing to limited financial resources, Washington University initially used public buildings. Classes began on October 22, 1854,... | What three departments were Washington University divided? | {'text': 'the Manual Training School, Smith Academy, and the Mary Institute', 'answer_start': 659} |
102,230 | 101,888 | 5731799c497a881900248f56 | generic | On 16 April 1973, Gaddafi proclaimed the start of a "Popular Revolution" in a Zuwarah speech. He initiated this with a 5-point plan, the first point of which dissolved all existing laws, to be replaced by revolutionary enactments. The second point proclaimed that all opponents of the revolution had to be removed, while... | What happened to Libya's laws as a result of the first point of Gaddafi's speech? | {'text': 'dissolved', 'answer_start': 158} |
58,083 | 57,741 | 5ace9afb32bba1001ae4ac9b | generic | Dallin H. Oaks replaced Wilkinson as president in 1971. Oaks continued the expansion of his predecessor, adding a law school and proposing plans for a new School of Management. During his administration, a new library was also added, doubling the library space on campus. Jeffrey R. Holland followed as president in 1980... | Where is the BUY Jerusalem Center located? | {'text': 'Jerusalem', 'answer_start': 617} |
112,431 | 112,089 | 57303b58947a6a140053d2e0 | generic | After having declined in size following the subjugation of the Mediterranean, the Roman navy underwent short-term upgrading and revitalisation in the late Republic to meet several new demands. Under Caesar, an invasion fleet was assembled in the English Channel to allow the invasion of Britannia; under Pompey, a large ... | In which sea was a large amount of naval vessels sent in order to remove Cilician pirates? | {'text': 'Mediterranean Sea', 'answer_start': 344} |
89,699 | 89,357 | 5728d3cd2ca10214002da8c0 | generic | The Estonian Academy of Sciences is the national academy of science. The strongest public non-profit research institute that carries out fundamental and applied research is the National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics (NICPB; Estonian KBFI). The first computer centres were established in the late 1950s in ... | What decade were the first computer centers created in Estonia? | {'text': 'the late 1950s', 'answer_start': 302} |
71,205 | 70,863 | 5ad27e33d7d075001a429709 | generic | From April–July, Soviet and German officials made statements regarding the potential for the beginning of political negotiations, while no actual negotiations took place during that time period. The ensuing discussion of a potential political deal between Germany and the Soviet Union had to be channeled into the framew... | Which Soviet Foreign Minister lost his job because of his unfavorable attitude towards the west? | {'text': 'Maxim Litvinov', 'answer_start': 546} |
27,612 | 27,270 | 56fa01668f12f3190063005d | generic | In the classical era, several ancient city-states such as Opone, Essina, Sarapion, Nikon, Malao, Damo and Mosylon near Cape Guardafui, which competed with the Sabaeans, Parthians and Axumites for the wealthy Indo-Greco-Roman trade, also flourished in Somalia. | Along with the Parthians and Axumites, who were the commercial competitors of the ancient Somalis? | {'text': 'Sabaeans', 'answer_start': 159} |
34,552 | 34,210 | 5a106c6fdecec90018475663 | generic | Around 40 theatres are located in Hanover. The Opera House, the Schauspielhaus (Play House), the Ballhofeins, the Ballhofzwei and the Cumberlandsche Galerie belong to the Lower Saxony State Theatre. The Theater am Aegi is Hanover's big theatre for musicals, shows and guest performances. The Neues Theater (New Theatre) ... | What is the only theater without its own musical company? | {'text': 'The Theater für Niedersachsen', 'answer_start': 357} |
38,213 | 37,871 | 5a652664c2b11c001a425c9a | generic | From early in its development, ASCII was intended to be just one of several national variants of an international character code standard, ultimately published as ISO/IEC 646 (1972), which would share most characters in common but assign other locally useful characters to several code points reserved for "national use.... | When did the publication's choices cause confusion and incompatibility? | {'text': 'once other countries did begin to make their own assignments', 'answer_start': 612} |
41,902 | 41,560 | 570d6db3fed7b91900d460ae | generic | Training in the U.S. Army is generally divided into two categories – individual and collective. Basic training consists of 10 weeks for most recruits followed by Advanced Individualized Training (AIT) where they receive training for their military occupational specialties (MOS). Some individuals MOSs range anywhere fro... | How long does basic training last? | {'text': '10 weeks', 'answer_start': 123} |
10,538 | 10,196 | 56de307c4396321400ee2668 | generic | Judicial power—the power to decide cases and controversies—is vested in the Supreme Court and inferior courts established by Congress. The judges must be appointed by the president with the advice and consent of the Senate, hold office during good behavior and receive compensations that may not be diminished during the... | Who must approve presidential appointees to the Supreme Court? | {'text': 'Senate', 'answer_start': 216} |
66,969 | 66,627 | 5726a975708984140094cd35 | generic | At the request of the pope, he created an information office for prisoners of war and refugees, which in the years of its existence from 1939 until 1947 received almost ten million (9 891 497) information requests and produced over eleven million (11.293.511) answers about missing persons. Montini was several times ope... | In what year was the office for information for prisoners and refugees founded? | {'text': '1939', 'answer_start': 137} |
116,145 | 115,803 | 5ad4a115ba00c4001a268e6a | generic | In March 2013, Microsoft also amended its certification requirements to allow tablets to use the 1024×768 resolution as a minimum; this change is expected to allow the production of certified Windows 8 tablets in smaller form factors—a market which is currently dominated by Android-based tablets. Despite the reaction o... | What changes did Microsoft make to its recertification requirements in March 2013? | {'text': 'amended its certification requirements to allow tablets to use the 1024×768 resolution as a minimum', 'answer_start': 30} |
125,107 | 124,765 | 57327d740fdd8d15006c6b1b | generic | While President Truman had begun the process of desegregating the Armed Forces in 1948, actual implementation had been slow. Eisenhower made clear his stance in his first State of the Union address in February 1953, saying "I propose to use whatever authority exists in the office of the President to end segregation in ... | Which president initially began to desegregate the US military? | {'text': 'Truman', 'answer_start': 16} |
110,671 | 110,329 | 572fb31fa23a5019007fc8c2 | generic | Acid-fast bacteria, such as Mycobacteria, are resistant to decolorization by acids during staining procedures. The high mycolic acid content of Mycobacteria, is responsible for the staining pattern of poor absorption followed by high retention. The most common staining technique used to identify acid-fast bacteria is t... | What is the main pathogenic bacteria in L-form class ? | {'text': 'Mycoplasma', 'answer_start': 574} |
53,181 | 52,839 | 5ad1a9b2645df0001a2d2198 | generic | Very small lamps may have the filament support wires extended through the base of the lamp, and can be directly soldered to a printed circuit board for connections. Some reflector-type lamps include screw terminals for connection of wires. Most lamps have metal bases that fit in a socket to support the lamp and conduct... | What cannot be directly soldered to a printed circuit board in many very small lamps? | {'text': 'filament support wires', 'answer_start': 30} |
113,462 | 113,120 | 572ff1df947a6a140053ce49 | generic | A Latin translation of Ibn Tufail's work, Philosophus Autodidactus, first appeared in 1671, prepared by Edward Pococke the Younger, followed by an English translation by Simon Ockley in 1708, as well as German and Dutch translations. These translations might have later inspired Daniel Defoe to write Robinson Crusoe, re... | Who first translated Philosophus Autodidactus into latin? | {'text': 'Edward Pococke the Younger', 'answer_start': 104} |
35,083 | 34,741 | 570a87566d058f1900182f53 | generic | Everton's second successful era started when Harry Catterick was made manager in 1961. In 1962–63, his second season in charge, Everton won the League title and in 1966 the FA Cup followed with a 3–2 win over Sheffield Wednesday. Everton again reached the final in 1968, but this time were unable to overcome West Bromwi... | Who was the manager when Everton's second successful era began in 1961? | {'text': 'Harry Catterick', 'answer_start': 45} |
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