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74,194 | 73,852 | 5727aec04b864d1900163a4a | generic | New Haven's greatest culinary claim to fame may be its pizza, which has been claimed to be among the best in the country, or even in the world. New Haven-style pizza, called "apizza" (pronounced ah-BEETS, [aˈpitts] in the original Italian dialect), made its debut at the iconic Frank Pepe Pizzeria Napoletana (known as P... | What dish is commonly considered to be penultimate culinary achievement in New Haven? | {'text': 'New Haven-style pizza', 'answer_start': 144} |
4,053 | 3,711 | 56cf2ba4aab44d1400b88db9 | generic | The city receives 49.9 inches (1,270 mm) of precipitation annually, which is fairly spread throughout the year. Average winter snowfall between 1981 and 2010 has been 25.8 inches (66 cm), but this varies considerably from year to year. Hurricanes and tropical storms are rare in the New York area, but are not unheard of... | In millimeters, how much precipitation does New York receive a year? | {'text': '1,270', 'answer_start': 31} |
62,944 | 62,602 | 57268a7ddd62a815002e88bf | generic | The most powerful used method works by comparing each frame in the video with the previous one. If the frame contains areas where nothing has moved, the system simply issues a short command that copies that part of the previous frame, bit-for-bit, into the next one. If sections of the frame move in a simple manner, the... | What happens when a frame contains areas where nothing has moved? | {'text': 'the system simply issues a short command', 'answer_start': 149} |
89,764 | 89,422 | 57285c163acd2414000df954 | generic | Also referred to as the Panhandle or Inside Passage, this is the region of Alaska closest to the rest of the United States. As such, this was where most of the initial non-indigenous settlement occurred in the years following the Alaska Purchase. The region is dominated by the Alexander Archipelago as well as the Tonga... | Which city was Alaska's former capital? | {'text': 'Sitka', 'answer_start': 447} |
115,768 | 115,426 | 5ad491ebba00c4001a268c43 | generic | Windows 8 was released to a mixed critical reception. Although reaction towards its performance improvements, security enhancements, and improved support for touchscreen devices was positive, the new user interface of the operating system was widely criticized for being potentially confusing and difficult to learn (esp... | What were the perceived problems with the new Windows 9 user interface? | {'text': 'being potentially confusing and difficult to learn', 'answer_start': 265} |
100,301 | 99,959 | 5acd70dd07355d001abf425d | generic | After the Fall of Rome, the Catholic Church became the sole preserver of literate scholarship in Western Europe. The church established cathedral schools in the Early Middle Ages as centers of advanced education. Some of these establishments ultimately evolved into medieval universities and forebears of many of Europe'... | What happened with education during the Late Middle Ages? | {'text': 'The church established cathedral schools', 'answer_start': 113} |
41,320 | 40,978 | 5a2ab45c5b078a001a2f06c2 | generic | In order to explain the common features shared by Sanskrit and other Indo-European languages, many scholars have proposed the Indo-Aryan migration theory, asserting that the original speakers of what became Sanskrit arrived in what is now India and Pakistan from the north-west some time during the early second millenni... | To where did early speakers from the north-east bring Sanskrit? | {'text': 'India and Pakistan', 'answer_start': 239} |
41,661 | 41,319 | 59d28bcd2763a60018284096 | generic | GE has a history of some of its activities giving rise to large-scale air and water pollution. Based on year 2000 data, researchers at the Political Economy Research Institute listed the corporation as the fourth-largest corporate producer of air pollution in the United States, with more than 4.4 million pounds per yea... | Who did the Political Economy Research Institute list as the third-largest producer of air pollution? | {'text': 'United States Government', 'answer_start': 474} |
83,011 | 82,669 | 572803c8ff5b5019007d9afd | generic | Northwestern has several housing options, including both traditional residence halls and residential colleges which gather together students who have a particular intellectual interest in common. Among the residential colleges are the Residential College of Cultural and Community Studies (CCS), Ayers College of Commerc... | What is the name of the Residential College that houses students with an interest in science and engineering? | {'text': 'Slivka', 'answer_start': 374} |
22,835 | 22,493 | 5ad4c7595b96ef001a10a046 | generic | Pomors are distinguished by the presence of Y Haplogroup N among them. Postulated to originate from southeast Asia, it is found at high rates in Uralic peoples. Its presence in Pomors (called "Northern Russians" in the report) attests to the non-Slavic tribes (mixing with Finnic tribes of northern Eurasia). Autosomally... | What is another name for Uralic peoples? | {'text': 'Northern Russians', 'answer_start': 193} |
26,635 | 26,293 | 5a5695656349e2001acdce63 | generic | The MoD states that its principal objectives are to defend the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and its interests and to strengthen international peace and stability. With the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War, the MoD does not foresee any short-term conventional military thre... | What needs to be managed daily by Northern Ireland? | {'text': 'day-to-day running of the armed forces, contingency planning and defence procurement', 'answer_start': 505} |
82,515 | 82,173 | 5ad0111477cf76001a68688c | generic | Tibetan music often involves chanting in Tibetan or Sanskrit, as an integral part of the religion. These chants are complex, often recitations of sacred texts or in celebration of various festivals. Yang chanting, performed without metrical timing, is accompanied by resonant drums and low, sustained syllables. Other st... | What does Sanskrit music often involve? | {'text': 'chanting in Tibetan or Sanskrit', 'answer_start': 29} |
8,939 | 8,597 | 56ddc1d966d3e219004dacd5 | generic | In 2009, the Internet Archive migrated its customized storage architecture to Sun Open Storage, and hosts a new data center in a Sun Modular Datacenter on Sun Microsystems' California campus. | Where does Internet archive run a datacenter? | {'text': "Sun Microsystems' California campus", 'answer_start': 155} |
59,512 | 59,170 | 5acfbb4977cf76001a685afc | generic | The roots of Presbyterianism lie in the European Reformation of the 16th century; the example of John Calvin's Geneva being particularly influential. Most Reformed churches which trace their history back to Scotland are either presbyterian or congregationalist in government. In the twentieth century, some Presbyterians... | When did the Yankee communities change to Congregational communities due to what plan? | {'text': 'Plan of Union of 1801', 'answer_start': 962} |
81,191 | 80,849 | 5728e2104b864d190016500f | generic | I-275 runs north–south from I-75 in the south to the junction of I-96 and I-696 in the north, providing a bypass through the western suburbs of Detroit. I-375 is a short spur route in downtown Detroit, an extension of the Chrysler Freeway. I-696 (Reuther Freeway) runs east–west from the junction of I-96 and I-275, prov... | What is I-696 called? | {'text': 'Reuther Freeway', 'answer_start': 247} |
116,990 | 116,648 | 5730f58e05b4da19006bcc9a | generic | Rurik led the Rus' until his death in about 879, bequeathing his kingdom to his kinsman, Prince Oleg, as regent for his young son, Igor. In 880-82, Oleg led a military force south along the Dnieper river, capturing Smolensk and Lyubech before reaching Kiev, where he deposed and killed Askold and Dir, proclaimed himself... | Who declared Kiev "The mother of Rus citis'? | {'text': 'Prince Oleg', 'answer_start': 89} |
109,201 | 108,859 | 5ace2a4532bba1001ae49c52 | generic | Olin has a network of more than 16,000 alumni worldwide. Over the last several years, the school’s endowment has increased to $213 million (2004) and annual gifts average $12 million per year.[citation needed] Simon Hall was opened in 1986 after a donation from John E. Simon. On May 2, 2014, the $90 million conjoined K... | In what year was the Bauer Foundation established? | {'text': '2014', 'answer_start': 287} |
12,338 | 11,996 | 5a5ad1eb9c0277001abe71b3 | generic | In England, the 16th-century European Reformation resulted in a number of executions on charges of heresy. During the thirty-eight years of Henry VIII's reign, about sixty heretics, mainly Protestants, were executed and a rather greater number of Catholics lost their lives on grounds of political offences such as treas... | What protestants were executed for not recognizing the kings supremecy? | {'text': 'Sir Thomas More and Cardinal John Fisher', 'answer_start': 332} |
53,216 | 52,874 | 5ad1addc645df0001a2d21bc | generic | Lamps designed for different voltages have different luminous efficacy. For example, a 100-watt, 120-volt lamp will produce about 17.1 lumens per watt. A lamp with the same rated lifetime but designed for 230 V would produce only around 12.8 lumens per watt, and a similar lamp designed for 30 volts (train lighting) wou... | What watt lamp can produce 17.3 lumens per watt? | {'text': 'a 100-watt', 'answer_start': 85} |
52,588 | 52,246 | 5a7a3a1117ab25001a8a03ce | generic | Before Prince Albert's death, the palace was frequently the scene of musical entertainments, and the greatest contemporary musicians entertained at Buckingham Palace. The composer Felix Mendelssohn is known to have played there on three occasions. Johann Strauss II and his orchestra played there when in England. Straus... | What sort of entertainment was banned at Buckingham before Prince Albert died? | {'text': 'musical entertainments', 'answer_start': 69} |
129,453 | 129,111 | 57342720d058e614000b6a27 | generic | Complex serological techniques have been developed into what are known as Immunoassays. Immunoassays can use the basic antibody – antigen binding as the basis to produce an electro - magnetic or particle radiation signal, which can be detected by some form of instrumentation. Signal of unknowns can be compared to that ... | What type of signal do immunoassays produce? | {'text': 'electro - magnetic or particle radiation', 'answer_start': 173} |
13,040 | 12,698 | 5ace2d4a32bba1001ae49cb3 | generic | By 1962, their Columbia Record Productions unit was operating four plants around the United States located in Los Angeles; Terre Haute, Indiana; Bridgeport, Connecticut; and Pitman, New Jersey, which manufactured records for not only Columbia's own labels, but also for independent record labels. | Chinese Record Productions was operating four plants by what year? | {'text': '1962', 'answer_start': 3} |
19,430 | 19,088 | 56e7a23000c9c71400d77444 | generic | These limitations have caused problems. For example, before 2005, DST in Israel varied each year and was skipped some years. Windows 95 used rules correct for 1995 only, causing problems in later years. In Windows 98, Microsoft marked Israel as not having DST, forcing Israeli users to shift their computer clocks manual... | Because the schedule in Israel was always changing, what did Microsoft do with the release of Windows 98? | {'text': 'marked Israel as not having DST', 'answer_start': 228} |
118,784 | 118,442 | 5a8642c0b4e223001a8e7515 | generic | Among the first to study Russian dialects was Lomonosov in the 18th century. In the 19th, Vladimir Dal compiled the first dictionary that included dialectal vocabulary. Detailed mapping of Russian dialects began at the turn of the 20th century. In modern times, the monumental Dialectological Atlas of the Russian Langua... | How long did it take for the first dictionary to be published? | {'text': 'four decades', 'answer_start': 472} |
24,345 | 24,003 | 56f80258a6d7ea1400e17371 | generic | According to heraldic sources total number of legal ennoblements issued between the 14th century and the mid-18th century, is estimated at approximately 800. This is an average of only about two ennoblements per year or only 0.000 000 14 – 0.000 001 of historical population. Compare: historical demography of Poland. | Around what time was the total legal number of ennoblement at 800? | {'text': 'between the 14th century and the mid-18th century,', 'answer_start': 72} |
45,951 | 45,609 | 5710947eb654c5140001f9ac | generic | During the Age of Enlightenment, Freemasons comprised an international network of like-minded men, often meeting in secret in ritualistic programs at their lodges. they promoted the ideals of the Enlightenment, and helped diffuse these values across Britain and France and other places. Freemasonry as a systematic creed... | What was the most popular of all Enlightenment associations? | {'text': 'Freemasonry', 'answer_start': 890} |
99,813 | 99,471 | 5a7c71cbe8bc7e001a9e1dfd | generic | With the neoplatonist Plotinus, wrote Nathaniel Alfred Boll; "there even appears, probably for the first time in Western philosophy, idealism that had long been current in the East even at that time, for it taught... that the soul has made the world by stepping from eternity into time...". Similarly, in regard to passa... | What modern philosopher as Plotinus similar to? | {'text': 'Schopenhauer', 'answer_start': 626} |
72,760 | 72,418 | 572713e6f1498d1400e8f345 | generic | Following a tentative agreement on by December 1, on December 3, 2009, the parties announced that Comcast would buy a controlling 51% stake in NBCUniversal for $6.5 billion in cash and $7.3 billion in programming. GE would take over the remaining 49% stake in NBCUniversal, using $5.8 billion to buy out Vivendi's 20% mi... | On what date was the sale finally completed? | {'text': 'January 28, 2011', 'answer_start': 444} |
135 | 135 | 142258 | pubqa | An increased number of suspected outbreaks of gastroenteritis linked to bathing water were reported to the Finnish food- and waterborne outbreak (FWO) registry in July and August 2014. The investigation reports were assessed by a national outbreak investigation panel. Eight confirmed outbreaks were identified among... | What pathogen was connected to the outbreak? | {'answer_id': 273717, 'document_id': 445540, 'question_id': 142258, 'text': 'noroviruses', 'answer_start': 567, 'answer_category': 'SHORT'} |
124,929 | 124,587 | 57324da80fdd8d15006c6945 | generic | The Germans launched a surprise counter offensive, in the Battle of the Bulge in December 1944, which the Allies turned back in early 1945 after Eisenhower repositioned his armies and improved weather allowed the Air Force to engage. German defenses continued to deteriorate on both the eastern front with the Soviets an... | What date saw the surrender of Nazi Germany? | {'text': 'May 7, 1945', 'answer_start': 964} |
48,395 | 48,053 | 5ad3aefb604f3c001a3fec5e | generic | Pharmaceutical fraud involves deceptions which bring financial gain to a pharmaceutical company. It affects individuals and public and private insurers. There are several different schemes used to defraud the health care system which are particular to the pharmaceutical industry. These include: Good Manufacturing Pract... | Who had the biggest relator case settlement? | {'text': 'GlaxoSmithKline', 'answer_start': 572} |
120,663 | 120,321 | 5731366ea5e9cc1400cdbcf4 | generic | The painters of the early Renaissance used two traditional lake pigments, made from mixing dye with either chalk or alum, kermes lake, made from kermes insects, and madder lake, made from the rubia tinctorum plant. With the arrival of cochineal, they had a third, carmine, which made a very fine crimson, though it had a... | During what century did carmine start to see use? | {'text': '15th', 'answer_start': 421} |
128,344 | 128,002 | 5ad2b940d7d075001a42a054 | generic | Sociocultural anthropology has been heavily influenced by structuralist and postmodern theories, as well as a shift toward the analysis of modern societies. During the 1970s and 1990s, there was an epistemological shift away from the positivist traditions that had largely informed the discipline.[page needed] During th... | what has heavily influenced structuralists and postmodern theories? | {'text': 'Sociocultural anthropology', 'answer_start': 0} |
100,083 | 99,741 | 5a7a12a217ab25001a8a02e4 | generic | Bohemia (as Czech civilization was known by then) increased in power over the centuries, as its language did in regional importance. This growth was expedited during the fourteenth century by Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV, who founded Charles University in Prague in 1348. Here, early Czech literature (a biblical transl... | What university was founded by Jan Hus? | {'text': 'Charles University', 'answer_start': 235} |
35,363 | 35,021 | 570a9bd44103511400d59887 | generic | Modern editions of Old English manuscripts generally introduce some additional conventions. The modern forms of Latin letters are used, including ⟨g⟩ in place of the insular G, ⟨s⟩ for long S, and others which may differ considerably from the insular script, notably ⟨e⟩, ⟨f⟩ and ⟨r⟩. Macrons are used to indicate long v... | What Latin letter is used in place of the Old English long S? | {'text': 's', 'answer_start': 178} |
64,894 | 64,552 | 5ace4eb332bba1001ae4a23d | generic | The streets in downtown Ann Arbor conform to a grid pattern, though this pattern is less common in the surrounding areas. Major roads branch out from the downtown district like spokes on a wheel to the highways surrounding the city. The city is belted by three freeways: I-94, which runs along the southern portion of th... | US Highway 32 runs along what edge of Ann Arbor? | {'text': 'eastern edge', 'answer_start': 384} |
128,131 | 127,789 | 5733b496d058e614000b60d0 | generic | The rise of Hitler and other dictators in the 1930s forced numerous Catholic intellectuals to flee Europe; president John O'Hara brought many to Notre Dame. From Germany came Anton-Hermann Chroust (1907–1982) in classics and law, and Waldemar Gurian a German Catholic intellectual of Jewish descent. Positivism dominated... | What field of study did Anton-Hermann Chroust specialize in? | {'text': 'classics and law', 'answer_start': 212} |
46,590 | 46,248 | 5acec27232bba1001ae4b301 | generic | The Arians no longer presented an unbroken front to their orthodox opponents. The Emperor Constantius, who had been the cause of so much trouble, died 4 November, 361 and was succeeded by Julian. The proclamation of the new prince's accession was the signal for a pagan outbreak against the still dominant Arian faction ... | In what year was Emperor Constantius born? | {'text': '362', 'answer_start': 809} |
53,432 | 53,090 | 5acd117907355d001abf331e | generic | Highbury could hold more than 60,000 spectators at its peak, and had a capacity of 57,000 until the early 1990s. The Taylor Report and Premier League regulations obliged Arsenal to convert Highbury to an all-seater stadium in time for the 1993–94 season, thus reducing the capacity to 38,419 seated spectators. This capa... | What's the maximum occupancy of Wembley? | {'text': '70,000 spectators', 'answer_start': 566} |
102,025 | 101,683 | 572e7f49cb0c0d14000f11c8 | generic | Muammar Gaddafi was born in a tent near Qasr Abu Hadi, a rural area outside the town of Sirte in the deserts of western Libya. His family came from a small, relatively un-influential tribal group called the Qadhadhfa, who were Arabized Berber in heritage. His father, Mohammad Abdul Salam bin Hamed bin Mohammad, was kno... | What culture did Gaddafi experience as a child? | {'text': 'Bedouin', 'answer_start': 811} |
90,215 | 89,873 | 5ad23389d7d075001a42879e | generic | In 1928, he earned a doctorate in psychology, under the supervision of Karl Bühler. His dissertation was entitled "Die Methodenfrage der Denkpsychologie" (The question of method in cognitive psychology). In 1929, he obtained the authorisation to teach mathematics and physics in secondary school, which he started doing.... | When did Karl Buhler earn a doctorate in psychology? | {'text': '1928', 'answer_start': 3} |
62,318 | 61,976 | 572778e8dd62a815002e9dd4 | generic | For centuries, Jews worldwide have spoken the local or dominant languages of the regions they migrated to, often developing distinctive dialectal forms or branches that became independent languages. Yiddish is the Judæo-German language developed by Ashkenazi Jews who migrated to Central Europe. Ladino is the Judæo-Span... | What is the Judaeo-German language developed by Ashkenazi Jews who migrated to Central Europe? | {'text': 'Yiddish', 'answer_start': 199} |
81,799 | 81,457 | 5a60d783e9e1cc001a33cd91 | generic | The Sahara is the world's largest low-latitude hot desert. The area is located in the horse latitudes under the subtropical ridge, a significant belt of semi-permanent subtropical warm-core high pressure where the air from upper levels of the troposphere tends to sink towards the ground. This steady descending airflow ... | What causes adiabatic cooling? | {'text': 'sinking air', 'answer_start': 387} |
74,902 | 74,560 | 572797715951b619008f8e3d | generic | Carnival Tuesday hosts the main events. Full costume is worn, complete with make-up and body paint/adornment. Usually "Mas Boots" that complement the costumes are worn. Each band has their costume presentation based on a particular theme, and contains various sections (some consisting of thousands of revelers) that ref... | On what day is full costume worn? | {'text': 'Carnival Tuesday', 'answer_start': 0} |
1,248 | 906 | 56cf64e34df3c31400b0d6fa | generic | During 1824–28 Chopin spent his vacations away from Warsaw, at a number of locales.[n 4] In 1824 and 1825, at Szafarnia, he was a guest of Dominik Dziewanowski, the father of a schoolmate. Here for the first time he encountered Polish rural folk music. His letters home from Szafarnia (to which he gave the title "The Sz... | What type of music did Chopin discover for the first time while staying in Szafarnia? | {'text': 'Polish rural folk music', 'answer_start': 228} |
30,370 | 30,028 | 570692ee75f01819005e7c18 | generic | Early house music was generally dance-based music characterized by repetitive 4/4 beats, rhythms mainly provided by drum machines, off-beat hi-hat cymbals, and synthesized basslines. While house displayed several characteristics similar to disco music, it was more electronic and minimalistic, and the repetitive rhythm ... | House music is characterized by what type of beats? | {'text': '4/4 beats', 'answer_start': 78} |
30,679 | 30,337 | 5706b68e0eeca41400aa0d7d | generic | The early 1990s additionally saw the rise in mainstream US popularity for house music. Pop recording artist Madonna's 1990 single "Vogue" became an international hit single and topped the US charts. The single is credited as helping to bring house music to the US mainstream. | how well did madonna's single "vogue" do in the us? | {'text': 'topped the US charts', 'answer_start': 177} |
121,663 | 121,321 | 5731934705b4da19006bd2dc | generic | Although the structural model provided by the University of Paris, where student members are controlled by faculty "masters," provided a standard for universities, the application of this model took at least three different forms. There were universities that had a system of faculties whose teaching addressed a very sp... | How many styles did the University of Paris model end up taking when applied to other universities? | {'text': 'at least three', 'answer_start': 199} |
78,294 | 77,952 | 5a73bc4242eae6001a3899a5 | generic | More commonly, in cases where there are three or more parties, no one party is likely to gain power alone, and parties work with each other to form coalition governments. This has been an emerging trend in the politics of the Republic of Ireland since the 1980s and is almost always the case in Germany on national and s... | How long as the Republic of Ireland had a dominant party? | {'text': 'since the 1980s', 'answer_start': 246} |
13,721 | 13,379 | 56df47738bc80c19004e49e4 | generic | The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), formerly the United Nations Fund for Population Activities, is a UN organization. The UNFPA says it "is the lead UN agency for delivering a world where every pregnancy is wanted, every childbirth is safe and every young person's potential is fulfilled." Their work involves t... | Another of UNFPA's goals is to make all childbirths what? | {'text': 'safe', 'answer_start': 243} |
105,054 | 104,712 | 572faedf947a6a140053cb74 | generic | Although the intensity of the bombing was not as great as prewar expectations so an equal comparison is impossible, no psychiatric crisis occurred because of the Blitz even during the period of greatest bombing of September 1940. An American witness wrote "By every test and measure I am able to apply, these people are ... | People called the raids very blitzy like they were talking about what? | {'text': 'weather', 'answer_start': 484} |
28,254 | 27,912 | 56fb8a1cb28b3419009f1e22 | generic | Throughout the 14th century, French kings sought to expand their influence at the expense of the territorial holdings of the nobility. They ran into difficulties when attempting to confiscate the holdings of the English kings in southern France, leading to the Hundred Years' War, waged from 1337 to 1453. Early in the w... | When did the reign of Edward III begin? | {'text': '1327', 'answer_start': 356} |
96,373 | 96,031 | 5a3be201cc5d22001a521bf8 | generic | The Kingdom of Prussia became the leading state of the German Empire after its creation in 1871. However, the Treaty of Versailles following World War I granted West Prussia to Poland and made East Prussia an exclave of Weimar Germany (the new Polish Corridor separating East Prussia from the rest of Germany), while the... | How many people lived in Kaliningrad in 1946? | {'text': '300,000', 'answer_start': 953} |
84,635 | 84,293 | 5728005f4b864d19001641c9 | generic | In February 1939, he received news from his sisters that his mother was dying. On 10 February 1939, Pope Pius XI died. Roncalli was unable to see his mother for the end as the death of a pontiff meant that he would have to stay at his post until the election of a new pontiff. Unfortunately, she died on 20 February 1939... | When did Pope Pius XI die? | {'text': '10 February 1939', 'answer_start': 82} |
107,787 | 107,445 | 5730429d04bcaa1900d77438 | generic | In November 2012, a referendum resulted in 54 percent of respondents voting to reject the current status under the territorial clause of the U.S. Constitution, while a second question resulted in 61 percent of voters identifying statehood as the preferred alternative to the current territorial status. The 2012 referend... | What percentage of voters preferred statehood? | {'text': '61 percent', 'answer_start': 196} |
103,871 | 103,529 | 572e86c1c246551400ce42ca | generic | Electric railways use electric locomotives to haul passengers or freight in separate cars or electric multiple units, passenger cars with their own motors. Electricity is typically generated in large and relatively efficient generating stations, transmitted to the railway network and distributed to the trains. Some ele... | What is used to haul passengers cars? | {'text': 'electric locomotives', 'answer_start': 22} |
88,987 | 88,645 | 5a85b92ab4e223001a8e71d0 | generic | Following the ceasefire agreement that suspended hostilities (but not officially ended) in the 1991 Gulf War, the United States and its allies instituted and began patrolling Iraqi no-fly zones, to protect Iraq's Kurdish and Shi'a Arab population—both of which suffered attacks from the Hussein regime before and after t... | Who was trying to protect the Hussein regime? | {'text': 'the United States and its allies', 'answer_start': 110} |
61,968 | 61,626 | 5726f798f1498d1400e8f143 | generic | Despite Western isolation, Asian corporations have generally remained willing to continue investing in the country and to initiate new investments, particularly in natural resource extraction. The country has close relations with neighbouring India and China with several Indian and Chinese companies operating in the co... | What is the benefit to the two countries involved in the India Look East policy ? | {'text': 'fields of co-operation between India and Myanmar include remote sensing, oil and gas exploration, information technology, hydro power and construction', 'answer_start': 359} |
84,027 | 83,685 | 5728a4d44b864d1900164b4f | generic | In 1526, Babur, a Timurid descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan from Fergana Valley (modern day Uzbekistan), swept across the Khyber Pass and established the Mughal Empire, which at its zenith covered modern day Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. However, his son Humayun was defeated by the Afghan warrior Sher... | Who defeated Babur's son in 1540? | {'text': 'Sher Shah Suri', 'answer_start': 316} |
123,131 | 122,789 | 5731e667e17f3d1400422522 | generic | Baptists subscribe to a doctrine that baptism should be performed only for professing believers (believer's baptism, as opposed to infant baptism), and that it must be done by complete immersion (as opposed to affusion or sprinkling). Other tenets of Baptist churches include soul competency (liberty), salvation through... | What type of baptism do Baptists conduct? | {'text': 'complete immersion', 'answer_start': 176} |
93,936 | 93,594 | 57297608af94a219006aa475 | generic | There are a number of proposals to redefine certain of the SI base units in terms of fundamental physical constants. This has already been done for the metre, which is defined in terms of a fixed value of the speed of light. The most urgent unit on the list for redefinition is the kilogram, whose value has been fixed f... | What alloy is the base unit of the kilogram made from? | {'text': 'platinum–iridium', 'answer_start': 383} |
43,593 | 43,251 | 5ad11464645df0001a2d0cb4 | generic | Depleted uranium is also used as a shielding material in some containers used to store and transport radioactive materials. While the metal itself is radioactive, its high density makes it more effective than lead in halting radiation from strong sources such as radium. Other uses of depleted uranium include counterwei... | How is depleted uranium not used in missile re-entry vehicles? | {'text': 'ballast', 'answer_start': 359} |
49,536 | 49,194 | 5723d221f6b826140030fc97 | generic | Gladstone returned to power after the 1892 general election; he was 82 years old. Victoria objected when Gladstone proposed appointing the Radical MP Henry Labouchere to the Cabinet, so Gladstone agreed not to appoint him. In 1894, Gladstone retired and, without consulting the outgoing prime minister, Victoria appointe... | Who did Victoria appoint to replace Gladstone? | {'text': 'Lord Rosebery', 'answer_start': 322} |
109,143 | 108,801 | 5ace1f1732bba1001ae49b3b | generic | Graduate schools include the School of Medicine, currently ranked sixth in the nation, and the George Warren Brown School of Social Work, currently ranked first. The program in occupational therapy at Washington University currently occupies the first spot for the 2016 U.S. News & World Report rankings, and the program... | Who ranked the George Warren Brown School of Social Work first in the nation? | {'text': 'DesignIntelligence', 'answer_start': 579} |
81,549 | 81,207 | 5728de7fff5b5019007da892 | generic | London is the world's most expensive office market for the last three years according to world property journal (2015) report. As of 2015[update] the residential property in London is worth $2.2 trillion - same value as that of Brazil annual GDP. The city has the highest property prices of any European city according t... | London's residential property value is equivalent to what nation's GDP? | {'text': 'Brazil', 'answer_start': 228} |
42,626 | 42,284 | 570df0740b85d914000d7c17 | generic | The appearance of more systematic, abstract thinking is another notable aspect of cognitive development during adolescence. For example, adolescents find it easier than children to comprehend the sorts of higher-order abstract logic inherent in puns, proverbs, metaphors, and analogies. Their increased facility permits ... | Do adolescents or children understand puns, proverbs, metaphors, and analogies most effectively? | {'text': 'adolescents', 'answer_start': 137} |
19,401 | 19,059 | 56e790f337bdd419002c4153 | generic | Changes to DST rules cause problems in existing computer installations. For example, the 2007 change to DST rules in North America required many computer systems to be upgraded, with the greatest impact on email and calendaring programs; the upgrades consumed a significant effort by corporate information technologists. | What can cause issues with installed computer systems? | {'text': 'Changes to DST rules', 'answer_start': 0} |
94,107 | 93,765 | 57295f18af94a219006aa33c | generic | The PV industry has seen drops in module prices since 2008. In late 2011, factory-gate prices for crystalline-silicon photovoltaic modules dropped below the $1.00/W mark. The $1.00/W installed cost, is often regarded in the PV industry as marking the achievement of grid parity for PV. These reductions have taken many s... | What is a sign that further price reductions are likely in coming years? | {'text': 'technological advancements', 'answer_start': 607} |
28,346 | 28,004 | 5a81e42031013a001a334f7f | generic | The word phonology (as in the phonology of English) can also refer to the phonological system (sound system) of a given language. This is one of the fundamental systems which a language is considered to comprise, like its syntax and its vocabulary. | What part of a language can vocabulary as a word also refer to? | {'text': 'the phonological system', 'answer_start': 70} |
107,350 | 107,008 | 572f02fbcb0c0d14000f170a | generic | The Dutch East India Company (1800) and British East India Company (1858) were dissolved by their respective governments, who took over the direct administration of the colonies. Only Thailand was spared the experience of foreign rule, although, Thailand itself was also greatly affected by the power politics of the Wes... | Who also profited from Southeast Asia resources? | {'text': 'colonial powers', 'answer_start': 398} |
3,254 | 2,912 | 56cdcb2c62d2951400fa6830 | generic | It is also known as the Wenchuan earthquake (Chinese: 汶川大地震; pinyin: Wènchuān dà dìzhèn; literally: "Great Wenchuan earthquake"), after the location of the earthquake's epicenter, Wenchuan County, Sichuan. The epicenter was 80 kilometres (50 mi) west-northwest of Chengdu, the provincial capital, with a focal depth of 1... | Which far away cities in other countries could feel the earthquake? | {'text': 'Beijing and Shanghai', 'answer_start': 407} |
112,039 | 111,697 | 5ad0e612645df0001a2d07ef | generic | Stadium attendances are a significant source of regular income for Premier League clubs. For the 2009–10 season, average attendances across the league clubs were 34,215 for Premier League matches with a total aggregate attendance figure of 13,001,616. This represents an increase of 13,089 from the average attendance of... | In which year was the record beaten when average attendance was recorded at just under 14 million? | {'text': '2013–14', 'answer_start': 701} |
82,129 | 81,787 | 5727d6363acd2414000dedc3 | generic | East Asian cultures are influenced by two schools of thought, Confucianism, which advocated good governance as rule by leaders who are benevolent and virtuous, and Legalism, which advocated strict adherence to law. The influence of one school of thought over the other has varied throughout the centuries. One study indi... | How strong is the rule of law in most Asian countries? | {'text': 'weak or nonexistent', 'answer_start': 605} |
78,155 | 77,813 | 57278788708984140094e013 | generic | As the century wore on, the factions slowly began to adopt more coherent political tendencies as the interests of their power bases began to diverge. The Whig party's initial base of support from the great aristocratic families, widened to include the emerging industrial interests and wealthy merchants. As well as cham... | Did the Whigs want to limit the monarch's power? | {'text': "championing constitutional monarchy with strict limits on the monarch's power", 'answer_start': 316} |
27,537 | 27,195 | 56fa5493f34c681400b0c085 | generic | Wood has always been used extensively for furniture, such as chairs and beds. It is also used for tool handles and cutlery, such as chopsticks, toothpicks, and other utensils, like the wooden spoon. | What category of products usually made from wood includes chairs? | {'text': 'furniture', 'answer_start': 42} |
18,425 | 18,083 | 56e3c47839bdeb14003478fc | generic | Writings in Estonian became significant only in the 19th century with the spread of the ideas of the Age of Enlightenment, during the Estophile Enlightenment Period (1750–1840). Although Baltic Germans at large regarded the future of Estonians as being a fusion with themselves, the Estophile educated class admired the ... | Who had admiration for the ancient Estonian culture? | {'text': 'Estophile educated class', 'answer_start': 283} |
58,448 | 58,106 | 5ad0a8c9645df0001a2cffdd | generic | In 1877, John Wanamaker opened the United State's first modern department store in a former Pennsylvania Railroad freight terminal in Philadelphia. Wanamakers was the first department store to offer fixed prices marked on every article and also introduced electrical illumination (1878), the telephone (1879), and the us... | When was electric lighting last installed and used in the store? | {'text': '1878', 'answer_start': 281} |
30,547 | 30,205 | 5ad28119d7d075001a4297e1 | generic | Detroit techno is an offshoot of Chicago house music. It was developed starting in the late 80s, one of the earliest hits being "Big Fun" by Inner City. Detroit techno developed as the legendary disc jockey The Electrifying Mojo conducted his own radio program at this time, influencing the fusion of eclectic sounds int... | Who were the early b-boy hip-hop artists that inspired Yellow techno? | {'text': 'Man Parrish, Soul Sonic Force', 'answer_start': 502} |
67,168 | 66,826 | 5726e9c2708984140094d5a6 | generic | In December 2013, Vatican officials approved a supposed miracle that was attributed to the intercession of the late pontiff which was the curing of an unborn child in California, U.S.A in the 1990s. It was expected that Pope Francis would approve the miracle in the near future, thus, warranting the beatification of the... | Who approved the miracle of Paul VI? | {'text': 'Pope Francis', 'answer_start': 220} |
53,499 | 53,157 | 5acd191807355d001abf34ae | generic | Arsenal's parent company, Arsenal Holdings plc, operates as a non-quoted public limited company, whose ownership is considerably different from that of other football clubs. Only 62,217 shares in Arsenal have been issued, and they are not traded on a public exchange such as the FTSE or AIM; instead, they are traded rel... | On what exchange are some UK clubs shares traded? | {'text': 'FTSE', 'answer_start': 279} |
61,423 | 61,081 | 5726f818f1498d1400e8f156 | generic | Madonna's Italian-Catholic background and her relationship with her parents are reflected in the album Like a Prayer. It was an evocation of the impact religion had on her career. Her video for the title track contains Catholic symbolism, such as the stigmata. During The Virgin Tour, she wore a rosary and prayed with i... | She dedicated Papa Don't Preach to whom? | {'text': 'Pope John Paul II.', 'answer_start': 524} |
26,554 | 26,212 | 5acfc4ee77cf76001a685e09 | generic | The rapid development of religions in Zhejiang has driven the local committee of ethnic and religious affairs to enact measures to rationalise them in 2014, variously named "Three Rectifications and One Demolition" operations or "Special Treatment Work on Illegally Constructed Sites of Religious and Folk Religion Activ... | According to the locality, in addition to "Five Rectifications and Two Demolition", what was another name for these measures? | {'text': 'Special Treatment Work on Illegally Constructed Sites of Religious and Folk Religion Activities', 'answer_start': 230} |
31,409 | 31,067 | 5709b50eed30961900e8443b | generic | Underpinning Houston's land surface are unconsolidated clays, clay shales, and poorly cemented sands up to several miles deep. The region's geology developed from river deposits formed from the erosion of the Rocky Mountains. These sediments consist of a series of sands and clays deposited on decaying organic marine ma... | Besides sands, what are the foundations of Houston's land? | {'text': 'clays', 'answer_start': 55} |
29,406 | 29,064 | 5706983475f01819005e7c25 | generic | New Delhi has a population of 249,998. Hindi and Punjabi are the most widely spoken languages in New Delhi and the lingua franca of the city. English is primarily used as the formal language by business and government institutes. New Delhi has a literacy rate of 89.38% according to 2011 census, which is highest in Delh... | What is the literacy rate of New Delhi according to the 2011 census? | {'text': '89.38%', 'answer_start': 263} |
111,772 | 111,430 | 5ad0c91e645df0001a2d0340 | generic | Due to insistence by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA), the international governing body of football, that domestic leagues reduce the number of games clubs played, the number of clubs was reduced to 20 in 1995 when four teams were relegated from the league and only two teams promoted. On 8 Ju... | Who suggested increasing the number of games played? | {'text': 'International Federation of Association Football', 'answer_start': 25} |
30,332 | 29,990 | 57065a7c75f01819005e7b78 | generic | Sisvel S.p.A. and its U.S. subsidiary Audio MPEG, Inc. previously sued Thomson for patent infringement on MP3 technology, but those disputes were resolved in November 2005 with Sisvel granting Thomson a license to their patents. Motorola followed soon after, and signed with Sisvel to license MP3-related patents in Dece... | When does the last patent held by Sisvel expire? | {'text': '9. April 2017', 'answer_start': 575} |
114,504 | 114,162 | 573057cc8ab72b1400f9c488 | generic | There has been a football tournament at every Summer Olympic Games since 1900, except at the 1932 games in Los Angeles. Before the inception of the World Cup, the Olympics (especially during the 1920s) had the same status as the World Cup. Originally, the event was for amateurs only; however, since the 1984 Summer Olym... | What year were professional players allowed to play in the Summer Olympics? | {'text': '1984', 'answer_start': 304} |
107,893 | 107,551 | 5730740e396df9190009611e | generic | In the late 1940s, during the last days of the Dominion of Newfoundland (at the time a dominion-dependency in the Commonwealth and independent of Canada), there was mainstream support, although not majority, for Newfoundland to form an economic union with the United States, thanks to the efforts of the Economic Union P... | What did the Economic Union Party support? | {'text': 'an independent "responsible government"', 'answer_start': 574} |
42,716 | 42,374 | 570d9a8ddf2f5219002ed018 | generic | A census of sea life carried out during the International Polar Year and which involved some 500 researchers was released in 2010. The research is part of the global Census of Marine Life (CoML) and has disclosed some remarkable findings. More than 235 marine organisms live in both polar regions, having bridged the gap... | Part of what study is the census of Antarctic marine life? | {'text': 'Census of Marine Life', 'answer_start': 166} |
43,782 | 43,440 | 5ad1171b645df0001a2d0d28 | generic | The discovery of the element is credited to the German chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth. While he was working in his experimental laboratory in Berlin in 1789, Klaproth was able to precipitate a yellow compound (likely sodium diuranate) by dissolving pitchblende in nitric acid and neutralizing the solution with sodium ... | Who discovered plutonium? | {'text': 'Martin Heinrich Klaproth', 'answer_start': 63} |
112,764 | 112,422 | 573221bb0fdd8d15006c67e1 | generic | In mid-1944 Japan mobilized over 500,000 men and launched a massive operation across China under the code name Operation Ichi-Go, their largest offensive of World War II, with the goal of connecting Japanese-controlled territory in China and French Indochina and capturing airbases in southeastern China where American ... | What was the code name for the mid-1944 offensive across China? | {'text': 'Operation Ichi-Go', 'answer_start': 112} |
117,421 | 117,079 | 5a42ea2c4a4859001aac739d | generic | While Nintendo never released an adapter for playing NES games on the SNES (though the instructions included a way to connect both consoles to the same TV by either daisy chaining the RF switches or using AV outputs for one or both systems), the Super Game Boy adapter cartridge allows games designed for Nintendo's port... | In what country was the SNES released? | {'text': 'Japan', 'answer_start': 559} |
40,420 | 40,078 | 5ad55bd45b96ef001a10acac | generic | In response, Apple introduced a range of relatively inexpensive Macs in October 1990. The Macintosh Classic, essentially a less expensive version of the Macintosh SE, was the least expensive Mac offered until early 2001. The 68020-powered Macintosh LC, in its distinctive "pizza box" case, offered color graphics and was... | How did Apple's profit margin on the higher cost Mac's compare to the profit margin on earlier models? | {'text': 'considerably lower', 'answer_start': 527} |
124,289 | 123,947 | 573245c9e99e3014001e6617 | generic | During Soviet rule, Armenian athletes rose to prominence winning plenty of medals and helping the USSR win the medal standings at the Olympics on numerous occasions. The first medal won by an Armenian in modern Olympic history was by Hrant Shahinyan, who won two golds and two silvers in gymnastics at the 1952 Summer Ol... | What pro team has FC Ararat beaten? | {'text': 'FC Bayern Munich', 'answer_start': 535} |
98,592 | 98,250 | 572ab07b111d821400f38cce | generic | Philadelphia is home to many national historical sites that relate to the founding of the United States. Independence National Historical Park is the center of these historical landmarks being one of the country's 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Independence Hall, where the Declaration of Independence was signed, and t... | Where was the Declaration of Independence signed? | {'text': 'Independence National Historical Park', 'answer_start': 105} |
104,099 | 103,757 | 5acd89fe07355d001abf466d | generic | Modern electrification systems take AC energy from a power grid which is delivered to a locomotive and converted to a DC voltage to be used by traction motors. These motors may either be DC motors which directly use the DC or they may be 3-phase AC motors which require further conversion of the DC to 3-phase AC (using ... | 4-phase AC motors require further what? | {'text': 'conversion of the DC to 3-phase AC', 'answer_start': 278} |
35,373 | 35,031 | 5a67a71af038b7001ab0c3ec | generic | Like other historical languages, Old English has been used by scholars and enthusiasts of later periods to create texts either imitating Anglo-Saxon literature or deliberately transferring it to a different cultural context. Examples include Alistair Campbell and J. R. R. Tolkien. A number of websites devoted to Neo-Pa... | What is one of the few languages imitated by scholars? | {'text': 'Old English', 'answer_start': 33} |
87,528 | 87,186 | 57283235ff5b5019007d9ed8 | generic | In March 1984, Pioneer introduced the first consumer player with a solid-state laser, the LD-700. It was also the first LD player to load from the front and not the top. One year earlier Hitachi introduced an expensive industrial player with a laser diode, but the player, which had poor picture quality due to an inadeq... | What was the name of the first solid-state laser consumer LaserDisc player? | {'text': 'LD-700', 'answer_start': 90} |
55,469 | 55,127 | 5726344989a1e219009ac568 | generic | The earliest clear evidence of hair or fur is in fossils of Castorocauda, from 164 million years ago in the Middle Jurassic. In the 1950s, it was suggested that the foramina (passages) in the maxillae and premaxillae (bones in the front of the upper jaw) of cynodonts were channels which supplied blood vessels and nerve... | Which major time period were these suggested hairs from? | {'text': 'Jurassic', 'answer_start': 115} |
77,005 | 76,663 | 57277778708984140094de57 | generic | In the English language, the works of Shakespeare have been a particularly fertile ground for textual criticism—both because the texts, as transmitted, contain a considerable amount of variation, and because the effort and expense of producing superior editions of his works have always been widely viewed as worthwhile.... | Name two of the oldest civilizations that textual criticism has focused on. | {'text': 'Mesopotamia and Egypt', 'answer_start': 566} |
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