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93,161 | 92,819 | 5a7b9f0621c2de001afea1e1 | generic | Several certification programs exist to support the professional aspirations of software testers and quality assurance specialists. No certification now offered actually requires the applicant to show their ability to test software. No certification is based on a widely accepted body of knowledge. This has led some to ... | What certification requires applicants to demonstrate ability? | {'text': 'No certification', 'answer_start': 132} |
44,606 | 44,264 | 571021a1b654c5140001f833 | generic | From Elizabeth's birth onwards, the British Empire continued its transformation into the Commonwealth of Nations. By the time of her accession in 1952, her role as head of multiple independent states was already established. In 1953, the Queen and her husband embarked on a seven-month round-the-world tour, visiting 13 ... | What tour did Elizabeth take in 1953? | {'text': 'round-the-world tour', 'answer_start': 286} |
68,810 | 68,468 | 5726ca375951b619008f7e2b | generic | Nicholas began courting Britain by means of conversations with the British ambassador, George Hamilton Seymour, in January and February 1853.:105 Nicholas insisted that he no longer wished to expand Imperial Russia:105 but that he had an obligation to the Christian communities in the Ottoman Empire.:105 The Tsar next ... | Who wanted to ruled over the 12 million Orthodox Christians in the Empire? | {'text': 'Menshikov', 'answer_start': 565} |
50,644 | 50,302 | 57265fe1708984140094c3fb | generic | The Masonic Lodge is the basic organisational unit of Freemasonry. The Lodge meets regularly to conduct the usual formal business of any small organisation (pay bills, organise social and charitable events, elect new members, etc.). In addition to business, the meeting may perform a ceremony to confer a Masonic degree ... | What is the basic organizational unit of Freemasonry? | {'text': 'The Masonic Lodge', 'answer_start': 0} |
79,506 | 79,164 | 5727aca43acd2414000de957 | generic | Temperatures below 0 °C (32 °F) or above 25 °C (77 °F) are rare. Cork Airport records an average of 1,227.9 millimetres (4.029 ft) of precipitation annually, most of which is rain. The airport records an average of 7 days of hail and 11 days of snow or sleet a year; though it only records lying snow for 2 days of the y... | How many foggy days does Cork usually have per year? | {'text': 'average of 97', 'answer_start': 672} |
119,890 | 119,548 | 57321138e17f3d1400422657 | generic | In some species, both parents care for nestlings and fledglings; in others, such care is the responsibility of only one sex. In some species, other members of the same species—usually close relatives of the breeding pair, such as offspring from previous broods—will help with the raising of the young. Such alloparenting... | Alloparenting is particulary common with what species? | {'text': 'Corvida', 'answer_start': 354} |
17,560 | 17,218 | 56e1cac5cd28a01900c67b9a | generic | The process of morphological derivation in Catalan follows the same principles as the other Romance languages, where agglutination is common. Many times, several affixes are appended to a preexisting lexeme, and some sound alternations can occur, for example elèctric [əˈlɛktrik] ("electrical") vs. electricitat [ələktri... | What word additive is usually added to verbs? | {'text': 'Prefixes', 'answer_start': 329} |
51,122 | 50,780 | 5725cad4271a42140099d1d5 | generic | Antigonus II, a student of Zeno of Citium, spent most of his rule defending Macedon against Epirus and cementing Macedonian power in Greece, first against the Athenians in the Chremonidean War, and then against the Achaean League of Aratus of Sicyon. Under the Antigonids, Macedonia was often short on funds, the Pangaeu... | Who did Antigonus II defend against? | {'text': 'Epirus', 'answer_start': 92} |
110,443 | 110,101 | 572fb217947a6a140053cb9e | generic | The TSFSR existed from 1922 to 1936, when it was divided up into three separate entities (Armenian SSR, Azerbaijan SSR, and Georgian SSR). Armenians enjoyed a period of relative stability under Soviet rule. They received medicine, food, and other provisions from Moscow, and communist rule proved to be a soothing balm i... | When did the TSFSR break up into three parts? | {'text': '1936', 'answer_start': 31} |
43,071 | 42,729 | 5ad2d7a2d7d075001a42a430 | generic | This large collection of meteorites allows a better understanding of the abundance of meteorite types in the solar system and how meteorites relate to asteroids and comets. New types of meteorites and rare meteorites have been found. Among these are pieces blasted off the Moon, and probably Mars, by impacts. These spec... | What controversy surrounds the AHL84010? | {'text': 'possible evidence of microbial life on Mars.', 'answer_start': 414} |
52,610 | 52,268 | 572615c9271a42140099d459 | generic | The palace measures 108 metres (354 ft) by 120 metres (390 ft), is 24 metres (79 ft) high and contains over 77,000 m2 (830,000 sq ft) of floorspace. The floor area is smaller than the Royal Palace of Madrid, the Papal Palace in Rome, the Louvre in Paris, the Hofburg Palace in Vienna, or the Forbidden City. There are 77... | How many offices does the palace have? | {'text': '92 offices', 'answer_start': 398} |
11,010 | 10,668 | 56e4ceac8c00841900fbaff9 | generic | Environmental sustainability has become a mainstream issue, with profound effect on the architectural profession. Many developers, those who support the financing of buildings, have become educated to encourage the facilitation of environmentally sustainable design, rather than solutions based primarily on immediate co... | What organization's rating system promotes sustainability? | {'text': 'The U.S. Green Building Council', 'answer_start': 1130} |
110,264 | 109,922 | 573438bbd058e614000b6b43 | generic | The Procession, held at sundown, consists of a non-motorized parade through downtown Tucson featuring many floats, sculptures, and memorials, in which the community is encouraged to participate. The parade is followed by performances on an outdoor stage, culminating in the burning of an urn in which written prayers hav... | What is burned at The Procession? | {'text': 'an urn in which written prayers have been collected from participants and spectators', 'answer_start': 285} |
68,053 | 67,711 | 5a284d65d1a287001a6d0b32 | generic | Mali's constitution provides for an independent judiciary, but the executive continues to exercise influence over the judiciary by virtue of power to appoint judges and oversee both judicial functions and law enforcement. Mali's highest courts are the Supreme Court, which has both judicial and administrative powers, an... | What country does not have an independent judiciary? | {'text': 'Mali', 'answer_start': 0} |
14,487 | 14,145 | 56dfae9c7aa994140058dfdb | generic | On June 21, 1880, Bell's assistant transmitted a wireless voice telephone message a considerable distance, from the roof of the Franklin School in Washington, D.C., to Bell at the window of his laboratory, some 213 metres (700 ft) away, 19 years before the first voice radio transmissions. | Bell and his assistant first used their photophone on what date? | {'text': 'June 21, 1880', 'answer_start': 3} |
128,183 | 127,841 | 5733c29c4776f419006611b8 | generic | Notre Dame's conference affiliations for all of its sports except football and fencing changed in July 2013 as a result of major conference realignment, and its fencing affiliation will change in July 2014. The Irish left the Big East for the ACC during a prolonged period of instability in the Big East; while they main... | To what conference did the Fighting Irish go after the Big East? | {'text': 'the ACC', 'answer_start': 239} |
125,187 | 124,845 | 5732845206a3a419008acabf | generic | In the immediate years after Eisenhower left office, his reputation declined. He was widely seen by critics as an inactive, uninspiring, golf-playing president compared to his vigorous young successor. Despite his unprecedented use of Army troops to enforce a federal desegregation order at Central High School in Little... | Where was Central High school located? | {'text': 'Little Rock', 'answer_start': 314} |
7,180 | 6,838 | 56d9e6f0dc89441400fdb8eb | generic | Dog meat is consumed in some East Asian countries, including Korea, China, and Vietnam, a practice that dates back to antiquity. It is estimated that 13–16 million dogs are killed and consumed in Asia every year. Other cultures, such as Polynesia and pre-Columbian Mexico, also consumed dog meat in their history. Howeve... | The West, South Asia and Middle East think eating dogs is what? | {'text': 'taboo', 'answer_start': 429} |
115,727 | 115,385 | 5733d6e64776f41900661328 | generic | Phage therapy is another option that is being looked into for treating resistant strains of bacteria. The way that researchers are doing this is by infecting pathogenic bacteria with their own viruses, more specifically, bacteriophages. Bacteriophages, also known simply as phages, are precisely bacterial viruses that i... | What has been talked about to treat resistant bacteria? | {'text': 'Phage therapy', 'answer_start': 0} |
7,002 | 6,660 | 56d5d0cb1c85041400946dff | generic | Dogs bear their litters roughly 58 to 68 days after fertilization, with an average of 63 days, although the length of gestation can vary. An average litter consists of about six puppies, though this number may vary widely based on the breed of dog. In general, toy dogs produce from one to four puppies in each litter, w... | What is the average length of dog pregnancy? | {'text': '63 days', 'answer_start': 86} |
83,830 | 83,488 | 57284ab33acd2414000df8b6 | generic | In the later Vedic Age, a number of small kingdoms or city states had covered the subcontinent, many mentioned in Vedic, early Buddhist and Jaina literature as far back as 500 BCE. sixteen monarchies and "republics" known as the Mahajanapadas—Kashi, Kosala, Anga, Magadha, Vajji (or Vriji), Malla, Chedi, Vatsa (or Vamsa... | What second period did the rise of the small kingdoms show? | {'text': 'urbanism', 'answer_start': 546} |
91,062 | 90,720 | 572921ae6aef051400154a81 | generic | The higher-level phylogeny of the arthropods continues to be a matter of debate and research. In 2008, researchers at Tufts University uncovered what they believe is the world's oldest known full-body impression of a primitive flying insect, a 300 million-year-old specimen from the Carboniferous period. The oldest defi... | The higher-level phylogeny is of the what? | {'text': 'arthropods', 'answer_start': 34} |
14,813 | 14,471 | 56dfe8c67aa994140058e25d | generic | Many names for pubs that appear nonsensical may have come from corruptions of old slogans or phrases, such as "The Bag o'Nails" (Bacchanals), "The Goat and Compasses" (God Encompasseth Us), "The Cat and the Fiddle" (Chaton Fidèle: Faithful Kitten) and "The Bull and Bush", which purportedly celebrates the victory of Hen... | What does Chaton Fidèle mean in English? | {'text': 'Faithful Kitten', 'answer_start': 231} |
75,484 | 75,142 | 5727784ff1498d1400e8f900 | generic | Democrats were elected to the legislature and governor's office, but the Populists attracted voters displeased with them. In 1896 a biracial, Populist-Republican Fusionist coalition gained the governor's office. The Democrats regained control of the legislature in 1896 and passed laws to impose Jim Crow and racial segr... | What political party was elected to the legislature and Governors office? | {'text': 'Democrats', 'answer_start': 0} |
97,376 | 97,034 | 572a56fbfed8de19000d5b9c | generic | Hayek had made contact with many at the U. of Chicago in the 1940s, with Hayek's The Road to Serfdom playing a seminal role in transforming how Milton Friedman and others understood how society works. Hayek conducted a number in influential faculty seminars while at the U. of Chicago, and a number of academics worked o... | What was the group that Friedman and Hayek supported later renamed to? | {'text': 'Intercollegiate Studies Institute', 'answer_start': 815} |
116,672 | 116,330 | 5a7e3c0b70df9f001a8755e6 | generic | Translation of sung texts is generally much more restrictive than translation of poetry, because in the former there is little or no freedom to choose between a versified translation and a translation that dispenses with verse structure. One might modify or omit rhyme in a singing translation, but the assignment of syl... | How can a syllable be forbidden from prose sung texts? | {'text': 'by subdividing or combining notes', 'answer_start': 527} |
28,292 | 27,950 | 56fb92c78ddada1400cd650b | generic | The publication of vernacular literature increased, with Dante (d. 1321), Petrarch (d. 1374) and Giovanni Boccaccio (d. 1375) in 14th-century Italy, Geoffrey Chaucer (d. 1400) and William Langland (d. c. 1386) in England, and François Villon (d. 1464) and Christine de Pizan (d. c. 1430) in France. Much literature remai... | Along with Dante and Boccaccio, who was a notable Italian author of the 14th century? | {'text': 'Petrarch', 'answer_start': 74} |
42,328 | 41,986 | 570d7a98fed7b91900d461ab | generic | The French were equipped with bronze, rifled muzzle-loading artillery, while the Prussians used new steel breech-loading guns, which had a far longer range and a faster rate of fire. Prussian gunners strove for a high rate of fire, which was discouraged in the French army in the belief that it wasted ammunition. In add... | What did the French believe was overly wasted in artillery with a higher rate of fire? | {'text': 'ammunition', 'answer_start': 302} |
30,213 | 29,871 | 5706347875f01819005e7a92 | generic | Decoding, on the other hand, is carefully defined in the standard. Most decoders are "bitstream compliant", which means that the decompressed output that they produce from a given MP3 file will be the same, within a specified degree of rounding tolerance, as the output specified mathematically in the ISO/IEC high stand... | The ISO/IEC high standard document states that the decompressed output produced from a given MP3 file will be the same within what standards? | {'text': 'specified degree of rounding tolerance', 'answer_start': 216} |
46,700 | 46,358 | 571aaa854faf5e1900b8abdf | generic | Constantius, renewing his previous policies favoring the Arians, banished Athanasius from Alexandria once again. This was followed, in 356, by an attempt to arrest Athanasius during a vigil service. Athanasius fled to Upper Egypt, where he stayed in several monasteries and other houses. During this period, Athanasius c... | What was Athanasius doing the next time an arrest was attempted? | {'text': 'a vigil service', 'answer_start': 182} |
103,604 | 103,262 | 572e931103f98919007567c7 | generic | From its discovery in 1846 until the subsequent discovery of Pluto in 1930, Neptune was the farthest known planet. When Pluto was discovered it was considered a planet, and Neptune thus became the penultimate known planet, except for a 20-year period between 1979 and 1999 when Pluto's elliptical orbit brought it closer... | What discovery made astronomer's debate Pluto's status as a planet? | {'text': 'the Kuiper belt', 'answer_start': 363} |
12,743 | 12,401 | 5acd0d8e07355d001abf327d | generic | Materialism typically contrasts with dualism, phenomenalism, idealism, vitalism, and dual-aspect monism. Its materiality can, in some ways, be linked to the concept of Determinism, as espoused by Enlightenment thinkers. | Why does materialism agree with phenomenalism? | {'text': 'Its materiality can, in some ways, be linked to the concept of Determinism', 'answer_start': 105} |
52,783 | 52,441 | 5726213938643c19005ad065 | generic | The last major building work took place during the reign of King George V when, in 1913, Sir Aston Webb redesigned Blore's 1850 East Front to resemble in part Giacomo Leoni's Lyme Park in Cheshire. This new, refaced principal façade (of Portland stone) was designed to be the backdrop to the Victoria Memorial, a large m... | Who redesigned Blore's 1850 East Front? | {'text': 'Sir Aston Webb', 'answer_start': 89} |
77,477 | 77,135 | 5727cb3f2ca10214002d966d | generic | Also in the late 1970s, "direct-to-disc" records were produced, aimed at an audiophile niche market. These completely bypassed the use of magnetic tape in favor of a "purist" transcription directly to the master lacquer disc. Also during this period, half-speed mastered and "original master" records were released, usin... | How did Disco Eye-Cued sysems differ from LPs? | {'text': 'only contain one track each side', 'answer_start': 701} |
69,197 | 68,855 | 57278c025951b619008f8d11 | generic | Competition for employees with the public and private sector is another problem that Nonprofit organizations will inevitably face, particularly for management positions. There are reports of major talent shortages in the nonprofit sector today regarding newly graduated workers, and NPOs have for too long relegated hiri... | How do employees that are no longer with NPOs feel about the time that they worked there? | {'text': 'stressful work environments and implacable work that drove them away', 'answer_start': 785} |
77,590 | 77,248 | 5727f310ff5b5019007d990c | generic | Ultimately, the New Orthophonic curve was disclosed in a publication by R.C. Moyer of RCA Victor in 1953. He traced RCA Victor characteristics back to the Western Electric "rubber line" recorder in 1925 up to the early 1950s laying claim to long-held recording practices and reasons for major changes in the intervening ... | What became the predecessor to the RIAA curve? | {'text': 'New Orthophonic curve', 'answer_start': 16} |
66,441 | 66,099 | 5ad0c42a645df0001a2d0263 | generic | For years Burke pursued impeachment efforts against Warren Hastings, formerly Governor-General of Bengal, that resulted in the trial during 1786. His interaction with the British dominion of India began well before Hastings' impeachment trial. For two decades prior to the impeachment, Parliament had dealt with the Indi... | When was Burke taken to trial? | {'text': '1786', 'answer_start': 140} |
68,987 | 68,645 | 57271ca2dd62a815002e9928 | generic | Dissatisfaction with the conduct of the war was growing with the public in the UK and in other countries, aggravated by reports of fiascos, especially the humiliating defeat of the Charge of the Light Brigade at the Battle of Balaclava. On Sunday, 21 January 1855, a "snowball riot" occurred in Trafalgar Square near St.... | What were the people using during the protest? | {'text': 'snowballs', 'answer_start': 488} |
121,369 | 121,027 | 573170f3a5e9cc1400cdbf64 | generic | Other important Venetian mosaics can be found in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta in Torcello from the 12th century, and in the Basilical of Santi Maria e Donato in Murano with a restored apse mosaic from the 12th century and a beautiful mosaic pavement (1140). The apse of the San Cipriano Church in Murano was deco... | When were the mosaics in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta built? | {'text': 'the 12th century', 'answer_start': 103} |
27,407 | 27,065 | 56fa21cdf34c681400b0bfd1 | generic | In temperate softwoods there often is a marked difference between latewood and earlywood. The latewood will be denser than that formed early in the season. When examined under a microscope the cells of dense latewood are seen to be very thick-walled and with very small cell cavities, while those formed first in the sea... | What kind of softwoods often have significant differences in their earlywood and latewood? | {'text': 'temperate', 'answer_start': 3} |
31,272 | 30,930 | 57098452ed30961900e84269 | generic | Their first ever defeat on home soil to a foreign team was an 0–2 loss to the Republic of Ireland, on 21 September 1949 at Goodison Park. A 6–3 loss in 1953 to Hungary, was their second defeat by a foreign team at Wembley. In the return match in Budapest, Hungary won 7–1. This still stands as England's worst ever defea... | What was the final score of England's worst ever defeat? | {'text': '7–1', 'answer_start': 268} |
76,070 | 75,728 | 5727bb0e4b864d1900163bbb | generic | In the sixth edition Darwin inserted a new chapter VII (renumbering the subsequent chapters) to respond to criticisms of earlier editions, including the objection that many features of organisms were not adaptive and could not have been produced by natural selection. He said some such features could have been by-produc... | What was one of the objections that Darwin addressed in his new chapter in On the Origin of Species? | {'text': 'that many features of organisms were not adaptive and could not have been produced by natural selection', 'answer_start': 163} |
12,977 | 12,635 | 5ad2cfddd7d075001a42a31d | generic | Christians have made a myriad contributions in a broad and diverse range of fields, including the sciences, arts, politics, literatures and business. According to 100 Years of Nobel Prizes, a review of Nobel prizes awarded between 1901 and 2000 reveals that (65.4%) of Nobel Prizes laureates identified Christianity in i... | How many Nobel Prize laureates between 1901 and 2000 identify as politics? | {'text': '65.4%', 'answer_start': 259} |
78,942 | 78,600 | 5727e3574b864d1900163f44 | generic | The Dominican Order was affected by a number of elemental influences. Its early members imbued the order with a mysticism and learning. The Europeans of the order embraced ecstatic mysticism on a grand scale and looked to a union with the Creator. The English Dominicans looked for this complete unity as well, but were ... | What group of nuns are used all aspects of the Dominican Order for their work? | {'text': 'Dartford', 'answer_start': 441} |
121,949 | 121,607 | 5731bb00e99e3014001e621a | generic | Human sacrifice in ancient Rome was rare but documented. After the Roman defeat at Cannae two Gauls and two Greeks were buried under the Forum Boarium, in a stone chamber "which had on a previous occasion [228 BC] also been polluted by human victims, a practice most repulsive to Roman feelings". Livy avoids the word "s... | How were sacrifices of humans carried out in Rome? | {'text': 'buried', 'answer_start': 120} |
86,874 | 86,532 | 5a81cbef31013a001a334ee8 | generic | Quotient groups and subgroups together form a way of describing every group by its presentation: any group is the quotient of the free group over the generators of the group, quotiented by the subgroup of relations. The dihedral group D4, for example, can be generated by two elements r and f (for example, r = r1, the r... | What of a square is an infinite composition? | {'text': 'every symmetry', 'answer_start': 403} |
101,689 | 101,347 | 572e7c00c246551400ce4243 | generic | Feynman was a keen popularizer of physics through both books and lectures, including a 1959 talk on top-down nanotechnology called There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom, and the three-volume publication of his undergraduate lectures, The Feynman Lectures on Physics. Feynman also became known through his semi-autobiograp... | What book did James Gleck write about Feynman? | {'text': 'Genius: The Life and Science of Richard Feynman', 'answer_start': 468} |
3,374 | 3,032 | 56d51ea52593cc1400307a8b | generic | Immediately after the earthquake event, mobile and terrestrial telecommunications were cut to the affected and surrounding area, with all internet capabilities cut to the Sichuan area too. Elements of telecommunications were restored by the government piece by piece over the next number of months as the situation in th... | Who restored communications over a period of months? | {'text': 'the government', 'answer_start': 237} |
28,749 | 28,407 | 56fe022c19033b140034ce34 | generic | Historically, computers evolved from mechanical computers and eventually from vacuum tubes to transistors. However, conceptually computational systems as flexible as a personal computer can be built out of almost anything. For example, a computer can be made out of billiard balls (billiard ball computer); an often quot... | Transistors are typically made up of what today? | {'text': 'photolithographed semiconductors', 'answer_start': 422} |
20,632 | 20,290 | 56e7a55600c9c71400d7747b | generic | In the 1950s after PRC was established by CPC, the government invested heavily in the city to build a series of state-owned heavy industries, as part of the national plan of rapid industrialization, converting it into a heavy industry production centre of East China. Overenthusiastic in building a “world-class” industr... | What did the government build in Nanjing during the 1950's? | {'text': 'a series of state-owned heavy industries', 'answer_start': 100} |
108,664 | 108,322 | 572f8dec947a6a140053ca58 | generic | Heritage buildings constructed during the Qutb Shahi and Nizam eras showcase Indo-Islamic architecture influenced by Medieval, Mughal and European styles. After the 1908 flooding of the Musi River, the city was expanded and civic monuments constructed, particularly during the rule of Mir Osman Ali Khan (the VIIth Nizam... | What type of heritage architecture is mainly displayed in Hyderabad? | {'text': 'Indo-Islamic architecture', 'answer_start': 77} |
105,720 | 105,378 | 5a877a511d3cee001a6a11eb | generic | Medieval thought experiments into the idea of a vacuum considered whether a vacuum was present, if only for an instant, between two flat plates when they were rapidly separated. There was much discussion of whether the air moved in quickly enough as the plates were separated, or, as Walter Burley postulated, whether a ... | According to Walter Burley in the 14th century, what could teams of ten horses not pull open? | {'text': 'bellows', 'answer_start': 837} |
125,854 | 125,512 | 573386814776f41900660ca3 | generic | European regulators introduced Basel III regulations for banks. It increased capital ratios, limits on leverage, narrow definition of capital (to exclude subordinated debt), limit counter-party risk, and new liquidity requirements. Critics argue that Basel III doesn’t address the problem of faulty risk-weightings. Majo... | What was increased by Basel III regulations? | {'text': 'capital ratios', 'answer_start': 77} |
75,189 | 74,847 | 57276019dd62a815002e9bc6 | generic | Child labour played an important role in the Industrial Revolution from its outset, often brought about by economic hardship. The children of the poor were expected to contribute to their family income. In 19th-century Great Britain, one-third of poor families were without a breadwinner, as a result of death or abandon... | Was it a low amount or high amount of children that also worked in prostitution? | {'text': 'high number', 'answer_start': 498} |
96,438 | 96,096 | 572a2d163f37b3190047876e | generic | The population of the province in 1900 was 1,996,626 people, with a religious makeup of 1,698,465 Protestants, 269,196 Roman Catholics, and 13,877 Jews. The Low Prussian dialect predominated in East Prussia, although High Prussian was spoken in Warmia. The numbers of Masurians, Kursenieki and Prussian Lithuanians decre... | Which religious group made up the majority of the population in Prussia? | {'text': 'Protestants', 'answer_start': 98} |
66,340 | 65,998 | 5726a1575951b619008f7843 | generic | On 25 February 1757, Burke signed a contract with Robert Dodsley to write a "history of England from the time of Julius Caesar to the end of the reign of Queen Anne", its length being eighty quarto sheets (640 pages), nearly 400,000 words. It was to be submitted for publication by Christmas 1758. Burke completed the wo... | When did Burke sign a contract for a history of England? | {'text': '25 February 1757', 'answer_start': 3} |
17,911 | 17,569 | 56e16dafcd28a01900c67914 | generic | Various LGBT publications serve the city's large LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) community such as The Rainbow Times, the only minority and lesbian-owned LGBT newsmagazine. Founded in 2006, The Rainbow Times is now based out of Boston, but serves all of New England. | Where is the headquarters for the Rainbow Times? | {'text': 'Boston', 'answer_start': 242} |
126,193 | 125,851 | 5734195bd058e614000b694b | generic | Portugal's colonial history has long since been a cornerstone of its national identity, as has its geographic position at the south-western corner of Europe, looking out into the Atlantic Ocean. It was one of the last western colonial European powers to give up its overseas territories (among them Angola and Mozambique... | Which ocean does Portugal border? | {'text': 'Atlantic Ocean', 'answer_start': 179} |
85,196 | 84,854 | 5a813d0c31013a001a334c05 | generic | A sequence of events, or series of events, is a sequence of items, facts, events, actions, changes, or procedural steps, arranged in time order (chronological order), often with causality relationships among the items. Because of causality, cause precedes effect, or cause and effect may appear together in a single item... | What is another way of phrasing "sequence of events"? | {'text': '(chronological order', 'answer_start': 144} |
17,298 | 16,956 | 56e114eccd28a01900c6756f | generic | Catalan has an inflectional grammar, with two genders (masculine, feminine), and two numbers (singular, plural). Pronouns are also inflected for case, animacy[citation needed] and politeness, and can be combined in very complex ways. Verbs are split in several paradigms and are inflected for person, number, tense, aspe... | How many genders does Catalan have? | {'text': 'two', 'answer_start': 42} |
122,651 | 122,309 | 5731b8f8e17f3d1400422327 | generic | Jefferson's letter entered American jurisprudence in the 1878 Mormon polygamy case Reynolds v. U.S., in which the court cited Jefferson and Madison, seeking a legal definition for the word religion. Writing for the majority, Justice Stephen Johnson Field cited Jefferson's Letter to the Danbury Baptists to state that "C... | What was the topic of Reynolds v. U.S.? | {'text': 'Mormon polygamy', 'answer_start': 62} |
17,122 | 16,780 | 56e1bc7ae3433e1400423110 | generic | On 1 November 2013, international postal services for Somalia officially resumed. The Universal Postal Union is now assisting the Somali Postal Service to develop its capacity, including providing technical assistance and basic mail processing equipment. | What type of assistance does the postal union provide? | {'text': 'technical', 'answer_start': 197} |
122,630 | 122,288 | 5ad13aec645df0001a2d12f2 | generic | The phrase "[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644 book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution. The phrase was later used by Thomas Jefferson as a description ... | Who used William's phrase as a description of the Third Amendment and its restriction on the legislative branch? | {'text': 'Thomas Jefferson', 'answer_start': 286} |
8,059 | 7,717 | 5ad5fc155b96ef001a10af98 | generic | Comprehensive schools have been accused of grade inflation after a study revealed that Gymnasium senior students of average mathematical ability found themselves at the very bottom of their class and had an average grade of "Five", which means "Failed". Gesamtschule senior students of average mathematical ability found... | Which German politician defended uncomprehensive schools? | {'text': 'Sigrid Beer', 'answer_start': 1316} |
12,978 | 12,636 | 5ad2cfddd7d075001a42a31e | generic | Christians have made a myriad contributions in a broad and diverse range of fields, including the sciences, arts, politics, literatures and business. According to 100 Years of Nobel Prizes, a review of Nobel prizes awarded between 1901 and 2000 reveals that (65.4%) of Nobel Prizes laureates identified Christianity in i... | According to a review of the sciences, how many Nobel Prize winners identify as Christian? | {'text': '65.4%', 'answer_start': 259} |
63,358 | 63,016 | 5a7118e20efcfe001a8afd3e | generic | Alternatives to pesticides are available and include methods of cultivation, use of biological pest controls (such as pheromones and microbial pesticides), genetic engineering, and methods of interfering with insect breeding. Application of composted yard waste has also been used as a way of controlling pests. These me... | What is one thing that the use of pesticides does when used on insects? | {'text': 'interfering with insect breeding', 'answer_start': 192} |
30,528 | 30,186 | 5ad27e04d7d075001a4296fa | generic | Juan Atkins, an originator of Detroit techno music, claims the term "house" reflected the exclusive association of particular tracks with particular clubs and DJs; those records helped differentiate the clubs and DJs, and thus were considered to be their "house" records. In an effort to maintain such exclusives, the DJ... | What was Juan Atkins inspired to create? | {'text': '"house" records', 'answer_start': 356} |
92,583 | 92,241 | 5a6a60c0a9e0c9001a4e9dc0 | generic | In 1951, during the early stages of the Cold War, Menzies spoke of the possibility of a looming third world war. The Menzies Government entered Australia's first formal military alliance outside of the British Commonwealth with the signing of the ANZUS Treaty between Australia, New Zealand and the United States in San ... | Which treaty was Austrialia's first military alliance outside of NATO? | {'text': 'ANZUS Treaty', 'answer_start': 247} |
76,081 | 75,739 | 5727be744b864d1900163c50 | generic | Chapter X examines whether patterns in the fossil record are better explained by common descent and branching evolution through natural selection, than by the individual creation of fixed species. Darwin expected species to change slowly, but not at the same rate – some organisms such as Lingula were unchanged since th... | Which scientist theorized that the earliest members of a class in a species were simple and generalized? | {'text': 'Richard Owen', 'answer_start': 671} |
53,547 | 53,205 | 5726152c89a1e219009ac21c | generic | Arsenal's tally of 13 League Championships is the third highest in English football, after Manchester United (20) and Liverpool (18), and they were the first club to reach 8 League Championships. They hold the highest number of FA Cup trophies, 12. The club is one of only six clubs to have won the FA Cup twice in succe... | What team beat Arsenal to win the 2006 UEFA Champions League? | {'text': 'Barcelona', 'answer_start': 747} |
84,427 | 84,085 | 572827734b864d19001645ea | generic | In 1961, Nasser sought to firmly establish Egypt as the leader of the Arab world and to promote a second revolution in Egypt with the purpose of merging Islamic and socialist thinking. To achieve this, he initiated several reforms to modernize al-Azhar, which serves as the de facto leading authority in Sunni Islam, and... | What country did Nasser want to be the leader of the Arab world? | {'text': 'Egypt', 'answer_start': 43} |
5,473 | 5,131 | 56d138c3e7d4791d00902038 | generic | As of 2013, West has won a total of 21 Grammy Awards, making him one of the most awarded artists of all-time. About.com ranked Kanye West No. 8 on their "Top 50 Hip-Hop Producers" list. On May 16, 2008, Kanye West was crowned by MTV as the year's No. 1 "Hottest MC in the Game." On December 17, 2010, Kanye West was vote... | What rank did About.com give Kanye "Top 50 Hip-Hop Producers" list? | {'text': '8', 'answer_start': 142} |
106,433 | 106,091 | 5ad2298ed7d075001a428593 | generic | The language of the Quran has been described as "rhymed prose" as it partakes of both poetry and prose; however, this description runs the risk of failing to convey the rhythmic quality of Quranic language, which is more poetic in some parts and more prose-like in others. Rhyme, while found throughout the Quran, is con... | What often stays the same along with the rhyming of Quranic verses? | {'text': 'subject of discussion', 'answer_start': 683} |
16,398 | 16,056 | 56e0cbfe7aa994140058e709 | generic | In 1998, Netscape launched what was to become the Mozilla Foundation in an attempt to produce a competitive browser using the open source software model. That browser would eventually evolve into Firefox, which developed a respectable following while still in the beta stage of development; shortly after the release of ... | What was the resulting browser for the Mozilla Foundation? | {'text': 'Firefox', 'answer_start': 196} |
2,287 | 1,945 | 56cfbaed234ae51400d9bf25 | generic | The games are in the form of .ipg files, which are actually .zip archives in disguise[citation needed]. When unzipped, they reveal executable files along with common audio and image files, leading to the possibility of third party games. Apple has not publicly released a software development kit (SDK) for iPod-specific... | Is the Apple SDK available to third-party game publishers? | {'text': 'not', 'answer_start': 248} |
29,491 | 29,149 | 5706af7575f01819005e7d38 | generic | Connaught Place, one of North India's largest commercial and financial centres, is located in the northern part of New Delhi. Adjoining areas such as Barakhamba Road, ITO are also major commercial centres. Government and quasi government sector was the primary employer in New Delhi. The city's service sector has expand... | The large skilled English-speaking workforce of New Delhi has been able to attract what type of organizations to the city? | {'text': 'multinational companies', 'answer_start': 407} |
13,943 | 13,601 | 56df526396943c1400a5d3b0 | generic | On December 30, 1922, with the creation of the Soviet Union, Russia became one of six republics within the federation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The final Soviet name for the republic, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, was adopted in the Soviet Constitution of 1936. By that time, Soviet... | When did the Soviet Union include the final Russian name for its republic in the Constitution? | {'text': '1936', 'answer_start': 294} |
4,416 | 4,074 | 56d006f6234ae51400d9c29d | generic | The annual United States Open Tennis Championships is one of the world's four Grand Slam tennis tournaments and is held at the National Tennis Center in Flushing Meadows-Corona Park, Queens. The New York Marathon is one of the world's largest, and the 2004–2006 events hold the top three places in the marathons with the... | The oldest, longest horse races in the US are located in NYC called what? | {'text': 'Belmont Stakes', 'answer_start': 686} |
36,501 | 36,159 | 5a36fffb95360f001af1b3c2 | generic | Prior to 1917, Turkey used the lunar Islamic calendar with the Hegira era for general purposes and the Julian calendar for fiscal purposes. The start of the fiscal year was eventually fixed at 1 March and the year number was roughly equivalent to the Hegira year (see Rumi calendar). As the solar year is longer than the... | What was needed because the lunar year is longer than the solar year? | {'text': '"escape years"', 'answer_start': 368} |
48,965 | 48,623 | 5acfb4c977cf76001a6859aa | generic | Around 746, Abu Muslim assumed leadership of the Hashimiyya in Khurasan. In 747, he successfully initiated an open revolt against Umayyad rule, which was carried out under the sign of the black flag. He soon established control of Khurasan, expelling its Umayyad governor, Nasr ibn Sayyar, and dispatched an army westwar... | What was the first Umayyad stronghold in Iraq? | {'text': 'Wasit', 'answer_start': 397} |
8,909 | 8,567 | 5a6b036ba9e0c9001a4e9e62 | generic | Information had been kept on digital tape for five years, with Kahle occasionally allowing researchers and scientists to tap into the clunky database. When the archive reached its fifth anniversary, it was unveiled and opened to the public in a ceremony at the University of California, Berkeley. | At what milestone was the archive made clunky? | {'text': 'fifth anniversary', 'answer_start': 180} |
784 | 442 | 56beb9203aeaaa14008c92d1 | generic | In 2001, she became the first African-American woman and second woman songwriter to win the Pop Songwriter of the Year award at the American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers Pop Music Awards. Beyoncé was the third woman to have writing credits on three number one songs ("Irreplaceable", "Grillz" and "Check... | Pop Songwriter of the Year award in 2001 was awarded to whom? | {'text': 'Beyoncé', 'answer_start': 205} |
96,200 | 95,858 | 5729f51e6aef051400155161 | generic | It would appear that living organisms are remarkably inefficient (in the physical sense) in their use of the energy they receive (chemical energy or radiation), and it is true that most real machines manage higher efficiencies. In growing organisms the energy that is converted to heat serves a vital purpose, as it allo... | What are remarkably inefficient in their use of the energy they receive? | {'text': 'living organisms', 'answer_start': 21} |
49,032 | 48,690 | 571aa99d4faf5e1900b8abd7 | generic | The Umayyads have met with a largely negative reception from later Islamic historians, who have accused them of promoting a kingship (mulk, a term with connotations of tyranny) instead of a true caliphate (khilafa). In this respect it is notable that the Umayyad caliphs referred to themselves not as khalifat rasul Alla... | What was the tradition Arabic title used by caliphs? | {'text': 'khalifat rasul Allah', 'answer_start': 301} |
66,142 | 65,800 | 5726aeff5951b619008f7a3f | generic | Cetaceans were historically abundant around the island as commercial hunts on the island was operating until 1956. Today, numbers of larger whales have disappeared, but even today many species such humpback whale, minke whale, sei whale, and dolphins can be observed close to shores, and scientific surveys have been con... | What are some species of whales that can be seen around Norfolk Island today? | {'text': 'humpback whale, minke whale, sei whale', 'answer_start': 198} |
87,395 | 87,053 | 5728ccd02ca10214002da80f | generic | Asthma as a result of (or worsened by) workplace exposures, is a commonly reported occupational disease. Many cases however are not reported or recognized as such. It is estimated that 5–25% of asthma cases in adults are work–related. A few hundred different agents have been implicated with the most common being: isocy... | What professions normally have the highest risk of problems? | {'text': 'those who spray paint, bakers and those who process food, nurses, chemical workers, those who work with animals, welders, hairdressers and timber workers', 'answer_start': 476} |
55,225 | 54,883 | 5a627b3df8d794001af1c020 | generic | On 27 August 2007, Royal Dutch Shell and Reitan Group, the owner of the 7-Eleven brand in Scandinavia, announced an agreement to re-brand some 269 service stations across Norway, Sweden, Finland and Denmark, subject to obtaining regulatory approvals under the different competition laws in each country. On April 2010 Sh... | Who did Shell by gas stations and heavy vehicle supply networks from? | {'text': 'St1', 'answer_start': 678} |
91,864 | 91,522 | 5728e5624b864d1900165048 | generic | The majority of Paris' salaried employees fill 370,000 businesses services jobs, concentrated in the north-western 8th, 16th and 17th arrondissements. Paris' financial service companies are concentrated in the central-western 8th and 9th arrondissement banking and insurance district. Paris' department store district in... | What industry is located in the 1st, 6th, 8th and 9th arrondissements? | {'text': 'department store', 'answer_start': 292} |
15,283 | 14,941 | 56e032247aa994140058e34c | generic | In the 1960s, the term bandes dessinées ("drawn strips") came into wide use in French to denote the medium. Cartoonists began creating comics for mature audiences, and the term "Ninth Art"[e] was coined, as comics began to attract public and academic attention as an artform. A group including René Goscinny and Albert U... | What year did Pilote begin? | {'text': '1959', 'answer_start': 357} |
71,601 | 71,259 | 5acf5b8177cf76001a684c23 | generic | The simplest model capacitor consists of two thin parallel conductive plates separated by a dielectric with permittivity ε . This model may also be used to make qualitative predictions for other device geometries. The plates are considered to extend uniformly over an area A and a charge density ±ρ = ±Q/A exists on thei... | What equation describes the charge density for an unideal model of a capacitor? | {'text': '±ρ = ±Q/A', 'answer_start': 296} |
118,572 | 118,230 | 5acfe8c677cf76001a68641c | generic | Other mentionable newspapers are the tabloid Informanté owned by TrustCo, the weekly Windhoek Observer, the weekly Namibia Economist, as well as the regional Namib Times. Current affairs magazines include Insight Namibia, Vision2030 Focus magazine[citation needed] and Prime FOCUS. Sister Namibia Magazine stands out as ... | How often is Informante published? | {'text': 'weekly', 'answer_start': 108} |
105,143 | 104,801 | 572ffa51947a6a140053ced2 | generic | While Göring was optimistic the Luftwaffe could prevail, Hitler was not. On 17 September he postponed Operation Sea Lion (as it turned out, indefinitely) rather than gamble Germany's newly gained military prestige on a risky cross-Channel operation, particularly in the face of a sceptical Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Un... | Who thought the Luftwaffe could win? | {'text': 'Göring', 'answer_start': 6} |
24,595 | 24,253 | 5a7e4a7270df9f001a8756ae | generic | The Georgics' tone wavers between optimism and pessimism, sparking critical debate on the poet's intentions, but the work lays the foundations for later didactic poetry. Virgil and Maecenas are said to have taken turns reading the Georgics to Octavian upon his return from defeating Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of... | Who wrote the Georgics? | {'text': 'Maecenas', 'answer_start': 181} |
127,248 | 126,906 | 5a696d455ce1a5001a969606 | generic | The judges continue in paragraph 12, "The determination of when the targeted part is substantial enough to meet this requirement may involve a number of considerations. The numeric size of the targeted part of the group is the necessary and important starting point, though not in all cases the ending point of the inqui... | What is determined after several individuals are involved in meeting the requirement? | {'text': 'when the targeted part is substantial enough', 'answer_start': 59} |
125,962 | 125,620 | 5733ad50d058e614000b601d | generic | Following the earthquake, Joseph I gave his Prime Minister even more power, and Sebastião de Melo became a powerful, progressive dictator. As his power grew, his enemies increased in number, and bitter disputes with the high nobility became frequent. In 1758 Joseph I was wounded in an attempted assassination. The Távor... | What happened to Joseph I in 1758? | {'text': 'wounded in an attempted assassination', 'answer_start': 272} |
13,840 | 13,498 | 5a29992203c0e7001a3e181c | generic | From 2002 through 2008, the Bush Administration denied funding to UNFPA that had already been allocated by the US Congress, partly on the refuted claims that the UNFPA supported Chinese government programs which include forced abortions and coercive sterilizations. In a letter from the Undersecretary of State for Polit... | What claims were not refuted? | {'text': 'that the UNFPA supported Chinese government programs which include forced abortions and coercive sterilizations', 'answer_start': 153} |
117,633 | 117,291 | 5730b6398ab72b1400f9c6d2 | generic | These deities formed a core pantheon; there were additionally hundreds of minor ones. Sumerian gods could thus have associations with different cities, and their religious importance often waxed and waned with those cities' political power. The gods were said to have created human beings from clay for the purpose of se... | What did the Sumerian deities form? | {'text': 'a core pantheon', 'answer_start': 21} |
305 | 305 | 138452 | pubqa | On 25 March 2012, the Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH) was notified about several cases of gastroenteritis in schoolchildren following a stay at a Norwegian holiday farm. Cryptosporidium oocysts were identified in faecal samples from some of the children. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in school-... | What was the age of the affected people?
| {'answer_id': 274864, 'document_id': 450393, 'question_id': 138452, 'text': 'between 10-14 years', 'answer_start': 1867, 'answer_category': 'LONG'} |
680 | 338 | 56bea8463aeaaa14008c91ac | generic | In August, the couple attended the 2011 MTV Video Music Awards, at which Beyoncé performed "Love on Top" and started the performance saying "Tonight I want you to stand up on your feet, I want you to feel the love that's growing inside of me". At the end of the performance, she dropped her microphone, unbuttoned her bl... | How many people watched the 2011 MTV Music Awards? | {'text': '12.4 million', 'answer_start': 535} |
94,664 | 94,322 | 572a23651d046914007797d5 | generic | Roman Catholic and more traditional Protestant clergy wear green vestments at liturgical celebrations during Ordinary Time. In the Eastern Catholic Church, green is the color of Pentecost. Green is one of the Christmas colors as well, possibly dating back to pre-Christian times, when evergreens were worshiped for their... | What does green represent in Ireland and Scotland? | {'text': 'Catholics', 'answer_start': 608} |
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