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92,861 | 92,519 | 5728f761af94a219006a9e88 | generic | A samurai could take concubines but their backgrounds were checked by higher-ranked samurai. In many cases, taking a concubine was akin to a marriage. Kidnapping a concubine, although common in fiction, would have been shameful, if not criminal. If the concubine was a commoner, a messenger was sent with betrothal money... | Why did merchants prefer that their daughters not marry samurai? | {'text': "her family's money erased the samurai's debts", 'answer_start': 649} |
26,106 | 25,764 | 56f8ec5d9e9bad19000a0704 | generic | The regions in their inventory were Assyria, Chaldea, Mesopotamia, Persia, Armenia, Egypt, Arabia, Syria, Palestine, Ethiopia, Caucasus, Libya, Anatolia and Abyssinia. Explicitly excluded is India. No mention is made of the Balkans. | Assyria, Chaldea, Mesopotamia, Persia, Armenia, Egypt, Arabia, Syria, Palestine, Ethiopia, Caucasus, Libya, Anatolia, and Abyssinia were all what? | {'text': 'regions in their inventory', 'answer_start': 4} |
14,894 | 14,552 | 56dff154231d4119001abede | generic | Many of London's pubs are known to have been used by famous people, but in some cases, such as the association between Samuel Johnson and Ye Olde Cheshire Cheese, this is speculative, based on little more than the fact that the person is known to have lived nearby. However, Charles Dickens is known to have visited the ... | Along with the Prospect of Whitby and the Cheshire Cheese, what pub did Dickens visit? | {'text': 'Ye Olde Cock Tavern', 'answer_start': 361} |
47,410 | 47,068 | 571a7a2810f8ca140030508f | generic | Much of the current knowledge of memory has come from studying memory disorders, particularly amnesia. Loss of memory is known as amnesia. Amnesia can result from extensive damage to: (a) the regions of the medial temporal lobe, such as the hippocampus, dentate gyrus, subiculum, amygdala, the parahippocampal, entorhina... | What is Korsakoff's syndrome? | {'text': 'an organic brain disease that adversely affects memory by widespread loss or shrinkage of neurons within the prefrontal cortex.', 'answer_start': 1151} |
54,934 | 54,592 | 57266556f1498d1400e8de3b | generic | Notable Greek scientists of modern times include Dimitrios Galanos, Georgios Papanikolaou (inventor of the Pap test), Nicholas Negroponte, Constantin Carathéodory (known for the Carathéodory theorems and Carathéodory conjecture), Manolis Andronikos (discovered the tomb of Philip II of Macedon in Vergina), Michael Derto... | Who found the tomb of Philip II of Macedon? | {'text': 'Manolis Andronikos', 'answer_start': 230} |
34,205 | 33,863 | 5709e5336d058f1900182bfa | generic | In September 2014, Professor Stefan Grimm, of the Department of Medicine, was found dead after being threatened with dismissal for failure to raise enough grant money. The College made its first public announcement of his death on 4 December 2014. Grimm's last email accused his employers of bullying by demanding that h... | When was Professor Stefan Grimm found dead? | {'text': 'September 2014', 'answer_start': 3} |
128,068 | 127,726 | 5733a55a4776f41900660f3b | generic | The School of Architecture was established in 1899, although degrees in architecture were first awarded by the university in 1898. Today the school, housed in Bond Hall, offers a five-year undergraduate program leading to the Bachelor of Architecture degree. All undergraduate students study the third year of the progra... | In what building is the current School of Architecture housed at Notre Dame? | {'text': 'Bond Hall', 'answer_start': 159} |
116,950 | 116,608 | 573089b78ab72b1400f9c562 | generic | Controversy persists over whether the Rus’ were Varangians (Vikings) or Slavs. This uncertainty is due largely to a paucity of contemporary sources. Attempts to address this question instead rely on archaeological evidence, the accounts of foreign observers, legends and literature from centuries later. To some extent t... | What did the Russians beleive the Rus were? | {'text': 'Slavs', 'answer_start': 563} |
60,725 | 60,383 | 572675045951b619008f7325 | generic | With support from the British abolitionist movement, Parliament enacted the Slave Trade Act in 1807, which abolished the slave trade in the empire. In 1808, Sierra Leone was designated an official British colony for freed slaves. The Slavery Abolition Act passed in 1833 abolished slavery in the British Empire on 1 Augu... | How long of an 'apprenticeship' did slaves need to have before being fully freed? | {'text': '4 to 6 years', 'answer_start': 547} |
65,368 | 65,026 | 5acfcabb77cf76001a686011 | generic | The term Cubism did not come into general usage until 1911, mainly with reference to Metzinger, Gleizes, Delaunay, and Léger. In 1911, the poet and critic Guillaume Apollinaire accepted the term on behalf of a group of artists invited to exhibit at the Brussels Indépendants. The following year, in preparation for the S... | The artists of Passy included which three people? | {'text': 'Picabia and the Duchamp', 'answer_start': 971} |
129,070 | 128,728 | 57343306d058e614000b6b00 | generic | Between 1963 and 1965, there was a "downtown boom" that led to the construction of more than 700 buildings in the city. In 1968, Virginia Commonwealth University was created by the merger of the Medical College of Virginia with the Richmond Professional Institute. In 1970, Richmond's borders expanded by an additional 2... | What combined with the Richmond Professional Institute to form Virginia Commonwealth University? | {'text': 'Medical College of Virginia', 'answer_start': 195} |
12,436 | 12,094 | 56de83e34396321400ee29c6 | generic | On 25 February 1991, the Pact was declared at an end at a meeting of defense and foreign ministers from the remaining member states meeting in Hungary. On 1 July 1991, the Czechoslovak President Václav Havel formally declared an end to the Warsaw Treaty Organization of Friendship, Co-operation, and Mutual Assistance wh... | In which country did the Warsaw Pact dissolution meeting take place? | {'text': 'Hungary', 'answer_start': 143} |
6,873 | 6,531 | 56d38d9359d6e41400146757 | generic | American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thi... | How many different countries air American Idol on television? | {'text': 'over 100', 'answer_start': 30} |
98,545 | 98,203 | 572aa473be1ee31400cb8109 | generic | Under the Köppen climate classification, Philadelphia falls in the northern periphery of the humid subtropical climate zone (Köppen Cfa). Summers are typically hot and muggy, fall and spring are generally mild, and winter is cold. Snowfall is highly variable, with some winters bringing only light snow and others bringi... | What is the most rain in one day? | {'text': '8.02 in', 'answer_start': 786} |
29,635 | 29,293 | 5706872b52bb891400689a46 | generic | Some large broad-winged birds rely on thermal columns of rising hot air to enable them to soar. These include many birds of prey such as vultures, eagles, and buzzards, but also storks. These birds migrate in the daytime. Migratory species in these groups have great difficulty crossing large bodies of water, since ther... | What is one of the heaviest migratory funnels? | {'text': 'Batumi bottleneck', 'answer_start': 983} |
4,361 | 4,019 | 56d1099d17492d1400aab7c6 | generic | The city is the birthplace of many cultural movements, including the Harlem Renaissance in literature and visual art; abstract expressionism (also known as the New York School) in painting; and hip hop, punk, salsa, disco, freestyle, Tin Pan Alley, and Jazz in music. New York City has been considered the dance capital ... | Who ranked New York as the fashion capital of the world? | {'text': 'the Global Language Monitor', 'answer_start': 722} |
56,119 | 55,777 | 5726320889a1e219009ac543 | generic | Due to its persistent cultural presence and to its novelty within the performing arts, wrestling constitutes a recurring topic in both academia and the media. Several documentaries have been produced looking at professional wrestling, most notably, Beyond the Mat directed by Barry W. Blaustein, and Wrestling with Shado... | What award was The Wrestler nominated for? | {'text': 'several Oscar nominations', 'answer_start': 475} |
63,875 | 63,533 | 57269e6bdd62a815002e8b1a | generic | In 1909–10, football faced a crisis resulting from the failure of the previous reforms of 1905–06 to solve the problem of serious injuries. There was a mood of alarm and mistrust, and, while the crisis was developing, the presidents of Harvard, Yale, and Princeton developed a project to reform the sport and forestall p... | Who attempted to enact measures of football reform? | {'text': 'the presidents of Harvard, Yale, and Princeton', 'answer_start': 218} |
58,948 | 58,606 | 5acd870f07355d001abf45c2 | generic | "By May 1539, Conquistador Hernando de Soto skirted the coast of Florida, searching for a deep harbor to land. He described seeing a thick wall of red mangroves spread mile after mile, some reaching as high as 70 feet (21 m), with intertwined and elevated roots making landing difficult. Very soon, 'many smokes' appeare... | What was founded in 1561? | {'text': 'Pensacola', 'answer_start': 775} |
62,367 | 62,025 | 5aceb28632bba1001ae4b0b1 | generic | Between 1948 and 1958, the Jewish population rose from 800,000 to two million. Currently, Jews account for 75.4% of the Israeli population, or 6 million people. The early years of the State of Israel were marked by the mass immigration of Holocaust survivors in the aftermath of the Holocaust and Jews fleeing Arab lands... | Where did this period see a decrease in immigration to Israel? | {'text': 'Western Europe', 'answer_start': 619} |
114,063 | 113,721 | 57301c06947a6a140053d118 | generic | As with most of Europe, prehistoric Britain and Ireland were covered with forest and swamp. Clearing began around 6000 BC and accelerated in medieval times. Despite this, Britain retained its primeval forests longer than most of Europe due to a small population and later development of trade and industry, and wood shor... | What are three of the most typical type of tress that can be found in Ireland? | {'text': 'oak, ash, wych elm', 'answer_start': 944} |
44,443 | 44,101 | 570fb64080d9841400ab3651 | generic | The 1960s and 1970s saw an acceleration in the decolonisation of Africa and the Caribbean. Over 20 countries gained independence from Britain as part of a planned transition to self-government. In 1965, however, the Rhodesian Prime Minister, Ian Smith, in opposition to moves toward majority rule, declared unilateral in... | In spite of sanctions by the international community, how long did the Ian Smith's regime last? | {'text': 'over a decade', 'answer_start': 554} |
43,807 | 43,465 | 570e45630b85d914000d7dd1 | generic | In 2005, seventeen countries produced concentrated uranium oxides, with Canada (27.9% of world production) and Australia (22.8%) being the largest producers and Kazakhstan (10.5%), Russia (8.0%), Namibia (7.5%), Niger (7.4%), Uzbekistan (5.5%), the United States (2.5%), Argentina (2.1%), Ukraine (1.9%) and China (1.7%)... | As of 2005, what country was the largest producer of uranium oxides? | {'text': 'Canada', 'answer_start': 72} |
80,584 | 80,242 | 5acd0dff07355d001abf3294 | generic | Unicode is a computing industry standard for the consistent encoding, representation, and handling of text expressed in most of the world's writing systems. Developed in conjunction with the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) standard and published as The Unicode Standard, the latest version of Unicode contains a repe... | What is an example of a left-to-right script? | {'text': 'Arabic', 'answer_start': 828} |
55,945 | 55,603 | 5a1de2ea4ea40d0018b06fd9 | generic | Xiamen dialect, sometimes known as Amoy, is the main dialect spoken in the Chinese city of Xiamen and its surrounding regions of Tong'an and Xiang'an, both of which are now included in the Greater Xiamen area. This dialect developed in the late Ming dynasty when Xiamen was increasingly taking over Quanzhou's position a... | What did Henan Luoyang consider the better accent to be? | {'text': 'their speech', 'answer_start': 846} |
44,719 | 44,377 | 570ffc01a58dae1900cd67b0 | generic | A third concern with the Kinsey scale is that it inappropriately measures heterosexuality and homosexuality on the same scale, making one a tradeoff of the other. Research in the 1970s on masculinity and femininity found that concepts of masculinity and femininity are more appropriately measured as independent concepts... | What would be possible if homesexuality and heterosexuality where measured on different scales? | {'text': 'would allow one to be both very heterosexual and very homosexual or not very much of either.', 'answer_start': 747} |
83,015 | 82,673 | 5ad2cbc3d7d075001a42a290 | generic | Northwestern has several housing options, including both traditional residence halls and residential colleges which gather together students who have a particular intellectual interest in common. Among the residential colleges are the Residential College of Cultural and Community Studies (CCS), Ayers College of Commerc... | How many sororities does Southwestern recognize? | {'text': '18', 'answer_start': 672} |
5,389 | 5,047 | 56cf822f234ae51400d9bdce | generic | Music fans have turned to Change.org around the globe to try and block West's participation at various events. The largest unsuccessful petition has been to the Glastonbury Festival 2015 with 133,000+ voters stating they would prefer a rock band to headline. On July 20, 2015, within five days of West's announcement as ... | What was another event that garnered a large amount of protest for Kanye's removal of headliner status? | {'text': '2015 Pan American Games', 'answer_start': 375} |
21,269 | 20,927 | 5ad279dcd7d075001a4295b8 | generic | Italians in different regions today may also speak regional varieties of standard Italian, or regional Italian dialects, which, unlike the majority of languages of Italy, are actually dialects of standard Italian rather than separate languages. A regional Italian dialect is generally standard Italian that has been heav... | What do Italians in different regions never speak? | {'text': 'regional varieties of standard Italian', 'answer_start': 51} |
80,549 | 80,207 | 5a690ae78476ee001a58aa26 | generic | The majority of the province's population is Han Chinese, who are found scattered throughout the region with the exception of the far western areas. Thus, significant minorities of Tibetan, Yi, Qiang and Nakhi people reside in the western portion that are impacted by inclement weather and natural disasters, environment... | How big is the Yi floating population? | {'text': '200,000', 'answer_start': 473} |
33,222 | 32,880 | 57098af9ed30961900e842cf | generic | According to Orthodox Judaism, Jewish law today is based on the commandments in the Torah, as viewed through the discussions and debates contained in classical rabbinic literature, especially the Mishnah and the Talmud. Orthodox Judaism thus holds that the halakha represents the "will of God", either directly, or as cl... | How many rules are jewish law derived from? | {'text': '13', 'answer_start': 746} |
71,957 | 71,615 | 572713ce708984140094d965 | generic | Mathematics: From the earliest the Chinese used a positional decimal system on counting boards in order to calculate. To express 10, a single rod is placed in the second box from the right. The spoken language uses a similar system to English: e.g. four thousand two hundred seven. No symbol was used for zero. By the 1s... | What method did early Chinese mathematicians use to calculate? | {'text': 'a positional decimal system on counting boards', 'answer_start': 48} |
56,692 | 56,350 | 57267786dd62a815002e85f4 | generic | To clean up pollution, the federal and local governments implemented numerous plans including the constant monitoring and reporting of environmental conditions, such as ozone and nitrogen oxides. When the levels of these two pollutants reached critical levels, contingency actions were implemented which included closing... | How many days a week does the city encourage people to go without a car? | {'text': 'two days', 'answer_start': 404} |
19,837 | 19,495 | 56e78acb37bdd419002c40f0 | generic | The Washington National Records Center (WNRC), located in Suitland, Maryland is a large warehouse type facility which stores federal records which are still under the control of the creating agency. Federal government agencies pay a yearly fee for storage at the facility. In accordance with federal records schedules, d... | What happens to temporary records at the WNRC if they are not retrieved by the end of the retention times? | {'text': 'destroyed', 'answer_start': 549} |
124,952 | 124,610 | 57324fe9e99e3014001e66ad | generic | In 1948, Eisenhower became President of Columbia University, an Ivy League university in New York City. The assignment was described as not being a good fit in either direction. During that year Eisenhower's memoir, Crusade in Europe, was published. Critics regarded it as one of the finest U.S. military memoirs, and it... | What group of schools did Columbia University belong to? | {'text': 'Ivy League', 'answer_start': 64} |
43,531 | 43,189 | 570e39f50dc6ce1900204eaf | generic | In the vacuum that followed the 1889 death of Emperor Yohannes II, Gen. Oreste Baratieri occupied the highlands along the Eritrean coast and Italy proclaimed the establishment of the new colony of Italian Eritrea, a colony of the Kingdom of Italy. In the Treaty of Wuchale (It. Uccialli) signed the same year, King Menel... | When did Emperor Yohannes II die? | {'text': '1889', 'answer_start': 32} |
97,600 | 97,258 | 5a0e0070d7c85000188644cc | generic | Inflammatory diarrhea occurs when there is damage to the mucosal lining or brush border, which leads to a passive loss of protein-rich fluids and a decreased ability to absorb these lost fluids. Features of all three of the other types of diarrhea[clarification needed] can be found in this type of diarrhea. It can be c... | Name other causes of viral infections? | {'text': 'bacterial infections, viral infections, parasitic infections, or autoimmune problems', 'answer_start': 329} |
48,044 | 47,702 | 571a85094faf5e1900b8a9fd | generic | The name Ashkenazi derives from the biblical figure of Ashkenaz, the first son of Gomer, son of Khaphet, son of Noah, and a Japhetic patriarch in the Table of Nations (Genesis 10). The name of Gomer has often been linked to the ethnonym Cimmerians. Biblical Ashkenaz is usually derived from Assyrian Aškūza (cuneiform Aš... | Assyrian Aškūza expelled which group from the Armenian area of the Upper Euphrates? | {'text': 'Cimmerians', 'answer_start': 362} |
15,570 | 15,228 | 56e06abd7aa994140058e47d | generic | The citizens of Saint Helena hold British Overseas Territories citizenship. On 21 May 2002, full British citizenship was restored by the British Overseas Territories Act 2002. See also British nationality law. | What kind of citizenship do the citizens of Saint Helena hold? | {'text': 'British Overseas Territories citizenship', 'answer_start': 34} |
56,080 | 55,738 | 5a1e246f3de3f40018b264f4 | generic | Min Nan texts, all Hokkien, can be dated back to the 16th century. One example is the Doctrina Christiana en letra y lengua china, presumably written after 1587 by the Spanish Dominicans in the Philippines. Another is a Ming Dynasty script of a play called Romance of the Lychee Mirror (1566), supposedly the earliest So... | When was the play Minnan Fangyan-Putonghua Cidian written? | {'text': '1566', 'answer_start': 287} |
124,950 | 124,608 | 57324fe9e99e3014001e66ab | generic | In 1948, Eisenhower became President of Columbia University, an Ivy League university in New York City. The assignment was described as not being a good fit in either direction. During that year Eisenhower's memoir, Crusade in Europe, was published. Critics regarded it as one of the finest U.S. military memoirs, and it... | Where is Columbia University located? | {'text': 'New York City', 'answer_start': 89} |
18,720 | 18,378 | 5ad4fdd25b96ef001a10a8a8 | generic | Pressing the sheet removes the water by force; once the water is forced from the sheet, a special kind of felt, which is not to be confused with the traditional one, is used to collect the water; whereas when making paper by hand, a blotter sheet is used instead. | How is the force removed from the sheet? | {'text': 'Pressing', 'answer_start': 0} |
80,182 | 79,840 | 5727fe1c4b864d190016419c | generic | The GSM Association (GSMA) followed suit on 17 February 2009, and on 22 April 2009, this was further endorsed by the CTIA – The Wireless Association, with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) announcing on 22 October 2009 that it had also embraced the Universal Charging Solution as its "energy-efficient one-... | UCS chargers will also include what? | {'text': 'a 4-star or higher efficiency rating', 'answer_start': 442} |
9,845 | 9,503 | 5ad3ee4a604f3c001a3ff7e8 | generic | Although the Canadian Armed Forces are a single service, there are three similar but distinctive environmental uniforms (DEUs): navy blue (which is actually black) for the navy, rifle green for the army, and light blue for the air force. CAF members in operational occupations generally wear the DEU to which their occup... | What are the "red" trades? | {'text': 'non-operational occupations', 'answer_start': 352} |
4,706 | 4,364 | 56d25ca259d6e41400145ef0 | generic | Allusions to legal issues in To Kill a Mockingbird, particularly in scenes outside of the courtroom, has drawn the attention from legal scholars. Claudia Durst Johnson writes that "a greater volume of critical readings has been amassed by two legal scholars in law journals than by all the literary scholars in literary ... | Who does Charles Lamb speculate were once children? | {'text': 'Lawyers', 'answer_start': 399} |
64,233 | 63,891 | 5ad3ed86604f3c001a3ff7b4 | generic | Yale has produced alumni distinguished in their respective fields. Among the best-known are U.S. Presidents William Howard Taft, Gerald Ford, George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton and George W. Bush; royals Crown Princess Victoria Bernadotte, Prince Rostislav Romanov and Prince Akiiki Hosea Nyabongo; heads of state, includin... | What Italian Prime Minister never attended Yale? | {'text': 'Mario Monti', 'answer_start': 345} |
118,908 | 118,566 | 5730cac0b7151e1900c01540 | generic | Nuclear strike is the ability of nuclear forces to rapidly and accurately strike targets which the enemy holds dear in a devastating manner. If a crisis occurs, rapid generation and, if necessary, deployment of nuclear strike capabilities will demonstrate US resolve and may prompt an adversary to alter the course of ac... | What is the definition of a nuclear strike? | {'text': 'the ability of nuclear forces to rapidly and accurately strike targets', 'answer_start': 18} |
69,748 | 69,406 | 5726c248f1498d1400e8ea76 | generic | When Ibn Sina was 22 years old, he lost his father. The Samanid dynasty came to its end in December 1004. Ibn Sina seems to have declined the offers of Mahmud of Ghazni, and proceeded westwards to Urgench in modern Turkmenistan, where the vizier, regarded as a friend of scholars, gave him a small monthly stipend. The p... | Who did Ibn Sina turn down in order to travel westwards after the Samanid dynasty ended? | {'text': 'Mahmud of Ghazni', 'answer_start': 152} |
43,192 | 42,850 | 570e1f340dc6ce1900204dca | generic | Researchers include biologists, geologists, oceanographers, physicists, astronomers, glaciologists, and meteorologists. Geologists tend to study plate tectonics, meteorites from outer space, and resources from the breakup of the supercontinent Gondwana. Glaciologists in Antarctica are concerned with the study of the hi... | Which science is concerned with the study of the dynamics of ice? | {'text': 'Glaciologists', 'answer_start': 254} |
70,215 | 69,873 | 5726ec1cf1498d1400e8efec | generic | Although Chinese characters in Vietnam are now limited to ceremonial uses, they were once in widespread use. Until the early 20th century, Literary Chinese was used in Vietnam for all official and scholarly writing. Around the 13th century the Nôm script was developed to record folk literature in the Vietnamese languag... | What is now limited to ceremonial uses? | {'text': 'Chinese characters in Vietnam', 'answer_start': 9} |
5,828 | 5,486 | 56d20c26e7d4791d0090262c | generic | A famous saying by the 8th-century Indian Buddhist scholar-saint Shantideva, which the 14th Dalai Lama often cites as his favourite verse, summarizes the Bodhisattva's intention (Bodhicitta) as follows: "For as long as space endures, and for as long as living beings remain, until then may I too abide to dispel the mise... | Which Dalai Lama cites Shantideva's famous saying? | {'text': 'the 14th Dalai Lama', 'answer_start': 83} |
19,776 | 19,434 | 5a7b62b021c2de001afe9fad | generic | NARA's holdings are classed into "record groups" reflecting the governmental department or agency from which they originated. Records include paper documents, microfilm, still pictures, motion pictures, and electronic media. | What records are usually used currently because they are the most efficient? | {'text': 'electronic media', 'answer_start': 207} |
45,323 | 44,981 | 570fe8555ab6b819003910bf | generic | Dell assembled computers for the EMEA market at the Limerick facility in the Republic of Ireland, and once employed about 4,500 people in that country. Dell began manufacturing in Limerick in 1991 and went on to become Ireland's largest exporter of goods and its second-largest company and foreign investor. On January 8... | What year did Dell announce it was relocating its Irish facility? | {'text': '2009', 'answer_start': 322} |
84,349 | 84,007 | 572813fb3acd2414000df3ed | generic | In January 1957, the US adopted the Eisenhower Doctrine and pledged to prevent the spread of communism and its perceived agents in the Middle East. Although Nasser was an opponent of communism in the region, his promotion of pan-Arabism was viewed as a threat by pro-Western states in the region. Eisenhower tried to iso... | What was the policy meant to contain communism in the middle east? | {'text': 'Eisenhower Doctrine', 'answer_start': 36} |
49,259 | 48,917 | 5ace5b7132bba1001ae4a3b5 | generic | In 1838, Claridge obtained patents in Scotland on 27 March, and Ireland on 23 April, and in 1851 extensions were sought for all three patents, by the trustees of a company previously formed by Claridge. This was Claridge's Patent Asphalte Company, formed in 1838 for the purpose of introducing to Britain "Asphalte in it... | For how many patents did Claridge seek extensions in 1822? | {'text': 'three', 'answer_start': 128} |
42,672 | 42,330 | 570dfa320b85d914000d7c47 | generic | The age of consent to sexual activity varies widely between jurisdictions, ranging from 12 to 20 years, as does the age at which people are allowed to marry. Specific legal ages for adolescents that also vary by culture are enlisting in the military, gambling, and the purchase of alcohol, cigarettes or items with paren... | What is the range of consentual age variance between jurisdictions? | {'text': '12 to 20 years', 'answer_start': 88} |
52,094 | 51,752 | 572658abdd62a815002e824d | generic | In free-range husbandry, the birds can roam freely outdoors for at least part of the day. Often, this is in large enclosures, but the birds have access to natural conditions and can exhibit their normal behaviours. A more intensive system is yarding, in which the birds have access to a fenced yard and poultry house at ... | How are eggs collected in teh battery cage system? | {'text': 'The eggs are laid on the floor of the cage and roll into troughs outside for ease of collection', 'answer_start': 699} |
44,167 | 43,825 | 5a224145819328001af38a59 | generic | Studies by Nathaniel Kleitman in 1938 and by Derk-Jan Dijk and Charles Czeisler in the 1990s put human subjects on enforced 28-hour sleep–wake cycles, in constant dim light and with other time cues suppressed, for over a month. Because normal people cannot entrain to a 28-hour day in dim light if at all,[citation neede... | When can normal people adjust to a 28 hr sleep cycle? | {'text': 'in dim light', 'answer_start': 282} |
126,135 | 125,793 | 57340c13d058e614000b688b | generic | After years of high increase, the unemployment in Portugal has been in a continuous falling trend since the third quarter of 2014, decreasing from a peak of 17.7% achieved in the early 2013 to a rate of 11.9% in the second quarter of 2015. However, it is high still high compared with what was the normal average Portugu... | Since when has the Portugal unemployment rate been in a falling trend? | {'text': 'third quarter of 2014', 'answer_start': 108} |
60,517 | 60,175 | 5a5fd905eae51e001ab14ca3 | generic | In 1978, Jim Shooter became Marvel's editor-in-chief. Although a controversial personality, Shooter cured many of the procedural ills at Marvel, including repeatedly missed deadlines. During Shooter's nine-year tenure as editor-in-chief, Chris Claremont and John Byrne's run on the Uncanny X-Men and Frank Miller's run o... | Who wrote for Star Comics? | {'text': 'John Byrne', 'answer_start': 258} |
99,106 | 98,764 | 572aac99111d821400f38ca0 | generic | Rajasthan is[when?] earning Rs. 150 million (approx. US$2.5 million) per day as revenue from the crude oil sector. This earning is expected to reach ₹250 million per day in 2013 (which is an increase of ₹100 million or more than 66 percent). The government of India has given permission to extract 300,000 barrels of cru... | The leader in Indian crude oil production at 250,000 barrels per day is what region? | {'text': 'Bombay High', 'answer_start': 479} |
24,627 | 24,285 | 56f89a0c9e9bad19000a01af | generic | Critics of the Aeneid focus on a variety of issues. The tone of the poem as a whole is a particular matter of debate; some see the poem as ultimately pessimistic and politically subversive to the Augustan regime, while others view it as a celebration of the new imperial dynasty. Virgil makes use of the symbolism of the... | When did Augustus' victory at Actium against Mark Antony and Ceopatra VII occur? | {'text': '31 BC', 'answer_start': 789} |
115,868 | 115,526 | 573027b6947a6a140053d1b6 | generic | Windows Explorer, which has been renamed File Explorer, now includes a ribbon in place of the command bar. File operation dialog boxes have been updated to provide more detailed statistics, the ability to pause file transfers, and improvements in the ability to manage conflicts when copying files. A new "File History" ... | What replaced the Windows Explorer comman bar? | {'text': 'a ribbon', 'answer_start': 69} |
122,608 | 122,266 | 5ad13a2f645df0001a2d12ba | generic | The Flushing Remonstrance shows support for separation of church and state as early as the mid-17th century, stating their opposition to religious persecution of any sort: "The law of love, peace and liberty in the states extending to Jews, Turks and Egyptians, as they are considered sons of Adam, which is the glory of... | When did a group of English citizens reject a document condemning hatred, war and bondage? | {'text': 'December 27, 1657', 'answer_start': 472} |
61,052 | 60,710 | 5727626b708984140094dcca | generic | Epigenetic changes in eukaryotic biology serve to regulate the process of cellular differentiation. During morphogenesis, totipotent stem cells become the various pluripotent cell lines of the embryo, which in turn become fully differentiated cells. A single fertilized egg cell, the zygote, gives rise to the many diffe... | How is it determined, which cells will be formed? | {'text': 'activation of some genes and inhibition of others', 'answer_start': 509} |
83,693 | 83,351 | 5727e3653acd2414000def0e | generic | The state has two primary newspapers. The Oklahoman, based in Oklahoma City, is the largest newspaper in the state and 54th-largest in the nation by circulation, with a weekday readership of 138,493 and a Sunday readership of 202,690. The Tulsa World, the second most widely circulated newspaper in Oklahoma and 79th in ... | What is the 2nd-largest Oklahoma newspaper? | {'text': 'The Tulsa World', 'answer_start': 235} |
127,371 | 127,029 | 5a69b4505ce1a5001a9696a2 | generic | About 30 people have been indicted for participating in genocide or complicity in genocide during the early 1990s in Bosnia. To date, after several plea bargains and some convictions that were successfully challenged on appeal two men, Vujadin Popović and Ljubiša Beara, have been found guilty of committing genocide, Zd... | In which country's courts were three others charged with aiding and abbeting? | {'text': 'German courts', 'answer_start': 600} |
22,281 | 21,939 | 56f728d6711bf01900a449fe | generic | Electric instruments such as the electric guitar, the electric bass and the ondes Martenot appear occasionally in the classical music of the 20th and 21st centuries. Both classical and popular musicians have experimented in recent decades with electronic instruments such as the synthesizer, electric and digital techniq... | What type of instrument appears occasionally in the 20th and 21st century styles of classical music? | {'text': 'Electric', 'answer_start': 0} |
22,961 | 22,619 | 56f83d50a6d7ea1400e174fe | generic | The town was sacked in 1338 by French, Genoese and Monegasque ships (under Charles Grimaldi, who used the plunder to help found the principality of Monaco). On visiting Southampton in 1339, Edward III ordered that walls be built to 'close the town'. The extensive rebuilding—part of the walls dates from 1175—culminated ... | How many of the original towers from Southampton's walls are still standing? | {'text': '13', 'answer_start': 395} |
66,276 | 65,934 | 5726c7305951b619008f7dd6 | generic | Residents of Norfolk Island do not pay Australian federal taxes, creating a tax haven for locals and visitors alike. Because there is no income tax, the island's legislative assembly raises money through an import duty, fuel levy, medicare levy, GST of 12% and local/international phone calls. In a move that apparently ... | When will income tax be introduced on Norfolk Island? | {'text': 'July 1, 2016', 'answer_start': 646} |
104,990 | 104,648 | 572f7ac2b2c2fd140056816b | generic | The Luftwaffe's poor intelligence meant that their aircraft were not always able to locate their targets, and thus attacks on factories and airfields failed to achieve the desired results. British fighter aircraft production continued at a rate surpassing Germany's by 2 to 1. The British produced 10,000 aircraft in 194... | How many aircraft did Britain produce in 1940? | {'text': '10,000', 'answer_start': 298} |
34,496 | 34,154 | 570a067a4103511400d59501 | generic | In September 1941, through the "Action Lauterbacher" plan, a ghettoisation of the remaining Hanoverian Jewish families began. Even before the Wannsee Conference, on 15 December 1941, the first Jews from Hanover were deported to Riga. A total of 2,400 people were deported, and very few survived. During the war seven con... | Which portion of the population underwent ghettoisation? | {'text': 'Hanoverian Jewish families', 'answer_start': 92} |
31,758 | 31,416 | 5ad42466604f3c001a400893 | generic | METRO began light rail service on January 1, 2004, with the inaugural track ("Red Line") running about 8 miles (13 km) from the University of Houston–Downtown (UHD), which traverses through the Texas Medical Center and terminates at NRG Park. METRO is currently in the design phase of a 10-year expansion plan that will ... | When did Texas start using light rail lines? | {'text': 'January 1, 2004', 'answer_start': 34} |
39,937 | 39,595 | 570e7b8c0b85d914000d7f38 | generic | After a trend of declining population density since World War II, the city has seen increased density in the inner and western suburbs, aided in part by Victorian Government planning, such as Postcode 3000 and Melbourne 2030 which have aimed to curtail urban sprawl. According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics as o... | According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics as of June 2013, inner city Melbourne had a population density of how many people per km2? | {'text': '12,400', 'answer_start': 394} |
92,123 | 91,781 | 5728c4eaff5b5019007da654 | generic | The connection with Dorians and their initiation festival apellai[clarification needed] is reinforced by the month Apellaios in northwest Greek calendars, but it can explain only the Doric type of the name, which is connected with the Ancient Macedonian word "pella" (Pella), stone. Stones played an important part in th... | What does the word Pella mean? | {'text': 'stone', 'answer_start': 276} |
42,441 | 42,099 | 570d9f0316d0071400510bff | generic | A third gain in cognitive ability involves thinking about thinking itself, a process referred to as metacognition. It often involves monitoring one's own cognitive activity during the thinking process. Adolescents' improvements in knowledge of their own thinking patterns lead to better self-control and more effective s... | The imaginary audience and personal fable peak at what age? | {'text': 'fifteen', 'answer_start': 892} |
6,888 | 6,546 | 56db40d4e7c41114004b4fc1 | generic | Seasonal rankings (based on average total viewers per episode) of American Idol. It holds the distinction of having the longest winning streak in the Nielsen annual television ratings; it became the highest-rated of all television programs in the United States overall for an unprecedented seven consecutive years, or ei... | How many consecutive years did either the performance or results show rank number one? | {'text': 'eight', 'answer_start': 318} |
48,645 | 48,303 | 5ad3a053604f3c001a3fe999 | generic | In the UK, the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency approves drugs for use, though the evaluation is done by the European Medicines Agency, an agency of the European Union based in London. Normally an approval in the UK and other European countries comes later than one in the USA. Then it is the National... | Who does the evaluations for drugs in the United States? | {'text': 'European Medicines Agency', 'answer_start': 128} |
58,104 | 57,762 | 5728887dff5b5019007da2b8 | generic | BYU accepted 49 percent of the 11,423 people who applied for admission in the summer term and fall semester of 2013. The average GPA for these admitted students was 3.82. U.S. News and World Report describes BYU's selectivity as being "more selective" and compares it with such universities as the University of Texas at... | How many freshman at BYU were Merit Scholars in 2006? | {'text': '88', 'answer_start': 447} |
8,196 | 7,854 | 5acff5ca77cf76001a686634 | generic | The region was dominated by Bantu-speaking tribes, who built trade links leading into the Congo River basin. Congo-Brazzaville was formerly part of the French colony of Equatorial Africa. Upon independence in 1960, the former colony of French Congo became the Republic of the Congo. The People's Republic of the Congo wa... | What year was President Denis Sassou Nguesso ousted? | {'text': '1997', 'answer_start': 488} |
88,431 | 88,089 | 5ace8ac432bba1001ae4a9e4 | generic | Terrestrial annelids can be invasive in some situations. In the glaciated areas of North America, for example, almost all native earthworms are thought to have been killed by the glaciers and the worms currently found in those areas are all introduced from other areas, primarily from Europe, and, more recently, from As... | Where did all of the current earthworms in glacial areas come from? | {'text': 'Europe', 'answer_start': 285} |
28,009 | 27,667 | 56fb67c88ddada1400cd63da | generic | The Early Middle Ages witnessed the rise of monasticism in the West. The shape of European monasticism was determined by traditions and ideas that originated with the Desert Fathers of Egypt and Syria. Most European monasteries were of the type that focuses on community experience of the spiritual life, called cenobiti... | From what part of England did Bede come? | {'text': 'northern', 'answer_start': 1350} |
38,338 | 37,996 | 5a652128c2b11c001a425c53 | generic | Unfortunately, requiring two characters to mark the end of a line introduces unnecessary complexity and questions as to how to interpret each character when encountered alone. To simplify matters plain text data streams, including files, on Multics used line feed (LF) alone as a line terminator. Unix and Unix-like syst... | Who adopted this practice from Apple? | {'text': 'Unix and Unix-like systems, and Amiga systems', 'answer_start': 297} |
130,160 | 129,818 | 57359f64e853931400426a7d | generic | The Licchavi era was followed by the Malla era. Rulers from Tirhut, upon being attacked by Muslims, fled north to the Kathmandu valley. They intermarried with Nepali royalty, and this led to the Malla era. The early years of the Malla era were turbulent, with raids and attacks from Khas and Turk Muslims. There was also... | Along with the Mangriha, what Licchavi-era building was destroyed in an ancient earthquake? | {'text': 'Kailashkut Bhawan', 'answer_start': 550} |
18,465 | 18,123 | 5acd3cb907355d001abf39cf | generic | The return of Soviet immigrants to their countries of origin has brought the proportion of Estonians in Estonia back above 70%. And again as in Latvia, today many of the remnant non-Estonians in Estonia have adopted the Estonian language; about 40% at the 2000 census. | What percentage of Soviets spoke Estonian? | {'text': '40%', 'answer_start': 245} |
7,337 | 6,995 | 56d8d809dc89441400fdb327 | generic | The route carried the torch through six continents from March 2008 to May 2008 to August 2008. The planned route originally included a stop in Taipei between Ho Chi Minh City and Hong Kong, but there was disagreement in Beijing and Taipei over language used to describe whether it was an international or a domestic part... | What was the stop that was to happen between Ho Chi Minh City and Hong Kong? | {'text': 'Taipei', 'answer_start': 143} |
33,261 | 32,919 | 57098db1200fba140036818b | generic | Modern Orthodoxy, as a stream of Orthodox Judaism represented by institutions such as the U.S. National Council for Young Israel, is pro-Zionist and thus places a high national, as well as religious, significance on the State of Israel, and its affiliates are, typically, Zionist in orientation. It also practices involv... | What is a core beliefe that was recognized as important by orthodox Jews? | {'text': 'secular studies', 'answer_start': 544} |
8,713 | 8,371 | 5acfb53777cf76001a6859be | generic | The prestige of British institutions in the 19th century and the growth of the British Empire saw the British model of cabinet government, headed by a prime minister, widely copied, both in other European countries and in British colonial territories as they developed self-government. In some places alternative titles ... | Who avoided using the the British model o cabinet government? | {'text': 'European countries and in British colonial territories', 'answer_start': 196} |
39,290 | 38,948 | 570c33ab6b8089140040fc26 | generic | Carnivore was an electronic eavesdropping software system implemented by the FBI during the Clinton administration; it was designed to monitor email and electronic communications. After prolonged negative coverage in the press, the FBI changed the name of its system from "Carnivore" to "DCS1000." DCS is reported to sta... | What kind of software replaced Carnivore? | {'text': 'commercially available', 'answer_start': 528} |
74,802 | 74,460 | 57277bf6f1498d1400e8f96c | generic | The "Rheinische" Carnival is held in the west of Germany, mainly in the states of North Rhine-Westphalia or Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rhineland Palatinate or Rheinland-Pfalz, but also in Hessen [including Oberhessen], Bavaria and other states. Some cities are more famous for celebrations such as parades and costume balls. K... | Which Carnival is held in Germany's west? | {'text': 'The "Rheinische"', 'answer_start': 0} |
24,766 | 24,424 | 56f8782aaef23719006260d8 | generic | Series of lower mountain ranges run parallel to the main chain of the Alps, including the French Prealps in France and the Jura Mountains in Switzerland and France. The secondary chain of the Alps follows the watershed from the Mediterranean Sea to the Wienerwald, passing over many of the highest and most well-known pe... | What follows the watershed from the Mediterranean Sea to the Wienerwald? | {'text': 'The secondary chain of the Alps', 'answer_start': 165} |
40,055 | 39,713 | 570c51f3b3d812140066d0f1 | generic | John grew up to be around 5 ft 5 in (1.68 m) tall, relatively short, with a "powerful, barrel-chested body" and dark red hair; he looked to contemporaries like an inhabitant of Poitou. John enjoyed reading and, unusually for the period, built up a travelling library of books. He enjoyed gambling, in particular at backg... | Who became a connoisseur of jewels? | {'text': 'John', 'answer_start': 423} |
16,770 | 16,428 | 56e11a26e3433e1400422bea | generic | The investigation of the transmitted signals started immediately after the launch of Compass -M1 on 14 April 2007. Soon after in June 2007, engineers at CNES reported the spectrum and structure of the signals. A month later, researchers from Stanford University reported the complete decoding of the “I” signals componen... | What was the purpose of building the COMPASS receiver? | {'text': 'report tracking and multipath characteristics of the “I” signals on E2 and E5B', 'answer_start': 428} |
129,352 | 129,010 | 5a82f946e60761001a2eb284 | generic | Because it is normal to have bacterial colonization, it is difficult to know which chronic wounds are infected. Despite the huge number of wounds seen in clinical practice, there are limited quality data for evaluated symptoms and signs. A review of chronic wounds in the Journal of the American Medical Association's "R... | What will always rule out infection? | {'text': 'absence of pain', 'answer_start': 593} |
58,344 | 58,002 | 5728ae4d4b864d1900164c13 | generic | A number of BYU alumni have found success in professional sports, representing the University in 7 MLB World Series, 5 NBA Finals, and 25 NFL Super Bowls. In baseball, BYU alumni include All-Stars Rick Aguilera '83, Wally Joyner '84, and Jack Morris '76. Professional basketball players include three-time NBA champion D... | Which Heisman Trophy winner graduated from BYU? | {'text': 'Ty Detmer', 'answer_start': 806} |
126,347 | 126,005 | 57327ad70fdd8d15006c6af9 | generic | Another instance of ancient humanism as an organised system of thought is found in the Gathas of Zarathustra, composed between 1,000 BCE – 600 BCE in Greater Iran. Zarathustra's philosophy in the Gathas lays out a conception of humankind as thinking beings dignified with choice and agency according to the intellect whi... | Which ancient text provides an example of the humanist way of thinking? | {'text': 'Gathas of Zarathustra', 'answer_start': 87} |
71,920 | 71,578 | 5726f997f1498d1400e8f18b | generic | The important legacy of this period included substantial advances in factual knowledge, especially in anatomy, zoology, botany, mineralogy, geography, mathematics and astronomy; an awareness of the importance of certain scientific problems, especially those related to the problem of change and its causes; and a recogni... | Who employed logic, geometry, and natural sciences? | {'text': 'the Ancient Greeks', 'answer_start': 917} |
50,136 | 49,794 | 5ad17ae9645df0001a2d1de6 | generic | Between April 1877 and February 1878, she threatened five times to abdicate while pressuring Disraeli to act against Russia during the Russo-Turkish War, but her threats had no impact on the events or their conclusion with the Congress of Berlin. Disraeli's expansionist foreign policy, which Victoria endorsed, led to c... | What Disraeli policy did Victoria don't endorse? | {'text': 'expansionist foreign policy,', 'answer_start': 258} |
33,564 | 33,222 | 570a40346d058f1900182d16 | generic | The first historical mention of the use of hops in beer was from 822 AD in monastery rules written by Adalhard the Elder, also known as Adalard of Corbie, though the date normally given for widespread cultivation of hops for use in beer is the thirteenth century. Before the thirteenth century, and until the sixteenth c... | In what year were hops first known to be used in beer? | {'text': '822 AD', 'answer_start': 65} |
44,172 | 43,830 | 570f4d1080d9841400ab357c | generic | Shift-work or chronic jet-lag have profound consequences on circadian and metabolic events in the body. Animals that are forced to eat during their resting period show increased body mass and altered expression of clock and metabolic genes.[medical citation needed] In humans, shift-work that favors irregular eating tim... | Besides insulin sensitivity, what other effect does shift-work have on the body? | {'text': 'higher body mass', 'answer_start': 374} |
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