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Ahom Kingdom (1228–1826) was a kingdom and tribe which rose to prominence in present-day Assam early in the thirteenth century. They ruled much of Assam from the 13th century until the establishment of British rule in 1838. The Ahoms brought with them a tribal religion and a language of their own, however they later me...
With what religion did the Ahom merge?
{'text': 'Hindu', 'answer_start': 334}
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A weather phenomenon known as the föhn (with an identical effect to the chinook wind) can occur at all times of the year and is characterised by an unexpectedly warm wind, bringing air of very low relative humidity to the north of the Alps during rainfall periods on the southern face of the Alps. This works both ways a...
During the fohn, from which direction is the blowing wind more efficient?
{'text': 'the south', 'answer_start': 373}
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Palmerston died in 1865, and after a brief ministry led by Russell, Derby returned to power. In 1866, Victoria attended the State Opening of Parliament for the first time since Albert's death. The following year she supported the passing of the Reform Act 1867 which doubled the electorate by extending the franchise to ...
Who returned to power after Russels brief rule of the ministry?
{'text': 'Derby', 'answer_start': 68}
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Bell was a supporter of aerospace engineering research through the Aerial Experiment Association (AEA), officially formed at Baddeck, Nova Scotia, in October 1907 at the suggestion of his wife Mabel and with her financial support after the sale of some of her real estate. The AEA was headed by Bell and the founding mem...
Which branch of the military was Lieutenant Thomas Selfridge in?
{'text': 'army', 'answer_start': 840}
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In January 2002, the U.S. sent more than 1,200 troops (later raised to 2,000) to assist the Armed Forces of the Philippines in combating terrorist groups linked to al-Qaida, such as Abu Sayyaf, under Operation Enduring Freedom - Philippines. Operations have taken place mostly in the Sulu Archipelago, where terrorists a...
How many troops did the US initially send to the Philippines?
{'text': '1,200', 'answer_start': 41}
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Beyoncé's lighter skin color and costuming has drawn criticism from some in the African-American community. Emmett Price, a professor of music at Northeastern University, wrote in 2007, that he thinks race plays a role in many of these criticisms, saying white celebrities who dress similarly do not attract as many comm...
In 2007, which music professor said he believes this criticism does involve race as well?
{'text': 'Emmett Price', 'answer_start': 108}
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During the early 20th century, northerners were attracted to the city, and Miami prospered during the 1920s with an increase in population and infrastructure. The legacy of Jim Crow was embedded in these developments. Miami's chief of police, H. Leslie Quigg, did not hide the fact that he, like many other white Miami p...
For what reason did H. Leslie Quigg save a black man?
{'text': 'for speaking directly to a white woman', 'answer_start': 528}
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Because of many technical restrictions in computing and also because of the unavailability of Cyrillic keyboards abroad, Russian is often transliterated using the Latin alphabet. For example, мороз ('frost') is transliterated moroz, and мышь ('mouse'), mysh or myš'. Once commonly used by the majority of those living ou...
What font technology has reduced the need for transliteration?
{'text': 'Unicode character encoding,', 'answer_start': 437}
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These symmetries are represented by functions. Each of these functions sends a point in the square to the corresponding point under the symmetry. For example, r1 sends a point to its rotation 90° clockwise around the square's center, and fh sends a point to its reflection across the square's vertical middle line. Compo...
r1 is part of what group?
{'text': 'dihedral', 'answer_start': 436}
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Although many of FBI's functions are unique, its activities in support of national security are comparable to those of the British MI5 and the Russian FSB. Unlike the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), which has no law enforcement authority and is focused on intelligence collection overseas, FBI is primarily a domestic...
What kind of agency is the FBI?
{'text': 'FBI is primarily a domestic agency', 'answer_start': 293}
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Most light bulbs have either clear or coated glass. The coated glass bulbs have a white powdery substance on the inside called kaolin. Kaolin, or kaolinite, is a white, chalky clay in a very fine powder form, that is blown in and electrostatically deposited on the interior of the bulb. It diffuses the light emitted fro...
How are Christmas colored light bulbs created?
{'text': 'by coloring the glass with a dopant', 'answer_start': 784}
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The 2014 scheduled beginning proved to be too ambitious for the group; its official website now cites an anticipated beginning of professional play in 2016 and shows photos from a six-team collegiate tournament staged in early November, 2015
How many teams participated in the 2015 CAFL tournament?
{'text': 'six', 'answer_start': 180}
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Holy Roman Empire central power had begun to decline following years of imperial adventures in Italian lands, often ceding hegemony in Western Europe to France, which had long since centralized power. France began an aggressive policy of expanding eastward, first to the rivers Rhône and Meuse, and when those borders we...
The French proposed a marriage between which two people?
{'text': 'Blanche and Albert', 'answer_start': 440}
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The popularization of the Jewish chant may be found in the writings of the Jewish philosopher Philo, born 20 BCE. Weaving together Jewish and Greek thought, Philo promoted praise without instruments, and taught that "silent singing" (without even vocal chords) was better still. This view parted with the Jewish scriptur...
How is silent singing used when practiced in a synagogue service?
{'text': 'by itself, without any vocal accompaniment', 'answer_start': 587}
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Bitumen was used in early photographic technology. In 1826 or 1827, it was used by French scientist Joseph Nicéphore Niépce to make the oldest surviving photograph from nature. The bitumen was thinly coated onto a pewter plate which was then exposed in a camera. Exposure to light hardened the bitumen and made it insolu...
What photographer used bitumen to make the earliest extant nature picture?
{'text': 'Joseph Nicéphore Niépce', 'answer_start': 100}
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On August 6, 2010, the CBC issued a press release stating that due to financial reasons, the CBC and Radio-Canada would only transition 27 transmitters total, one in each market where there was an originating station (i.e. a CBC or Radio-Canada television station located in that market). Further, the CBC stated in the ...
For what reason did CBC attribute to delayed upgrades?
{'text': 'financial reasons', 'answer_start': 70}
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Classification seeks to describe the diversity of bacterial species by naming and grouping organisms based on similarities. Bacteria can be classified on the basis of cell structure, cellular metabolism or on differences in cell components, such as DNA, fatty acids, pigments, antigens and quinones. While these schemes ...
What is the way modern classification tries to determine species?
{'text': 'emphasizes molecular systematics', 'answer_start': 833}
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Pascal Boyer argues that while there is a wide array of supernatural concepts found around the world, in general, supernatural beings tend to behave much like people. The construction of gods and spirits like persons is one of the best known traits of religion. He cites examples from Greek mythology, which is, in his o...
What did Frued believe about the belief in God?
{'text': "god concepts are projections of one's father", 'answer_start': 779}
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Strange matter is a particular form of quark matter, usually thought of as a liquid of up, down, and strange quarks. It is contrasted with nuclear matter, which is a liquid of neutrons and protons (which themselves are built out of up and down quarks), and with non-strange quark matter, which is a quark liquid that con...
What has Strange matter been definitely proven to occur as?
{'text': 'isolated droplets', 'answer_start': 528}
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A novelty shop called Au Bon Marché had been founded in Paris in 1838 to sell lace, ribbons, sheets, mattresses, buttons, umbrellas and other assorted goods. It originally had four departments, twelve employees, and a floor space of three hundred meters. The entrepreneur Aristide Boucicaut became a partner in 1852, and...
What store was founded in Paris, in 1883, which sold a wide variety of products?
{'text': 'Au Bon Marché', 'answer_start': 22}
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The Alaska Permanent Fund is a constitutionally authorized appropriation of oil revenues, established by voters in 1976 to manage a surplus in state petroleum revenues from oil, largely in anticipation of the recently constructed Trans-Alaska Pipeline System. The fund was originally proposed by Governor Keith Miller on...
Why was the Alaska Permament Fund unestablished?
{'text': 'to manage a surplus in state petroleum revenues from oil', 'answer_start': 120}
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In the 1980s green became the color of a number of new European political parties organized around an agenda of environmentalism. Green was chosen for its association with nature, health, and growth. The largest green party in Europe is Alliance '90/The Greens (German: Bündnis 90/Die Grünen) in Germany, which was forme...
How many members does the Alliance 90 have?
{'text': '68', 'answer_start': 551}
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When a molten metal is mixed with another substance, there are two mechanisms that can cause an alloy to form, called atom exchange and the interstitial mechanism. The relative size of each element in the mix plays a primary role in determining which mechanism will occur. When the atoms are relatively similar in size, ...
Stainless steel is an example of what two alloys?
{'text': 'interstitial and substitutional', 'answer_start': 1138}
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Samurai were many of the early exchange students, not directly because they were samurai, but because many samurai were literate and well-educated scholars. Some of these exchange students started private schools for higher educations, while many samurai took pens instead of guns and became reporters and writers, setti...
Who started Mitsubishi?
{'text': 'Iwasaki Yatarō', 'answer_start': 434}
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An article in Science suggested that the construction and filling of the Zipingpu Dam may have triggered the earthquake. The chief engineer of the Sichuan Geology and Mineral Bureau said that the sudden shift of a huge quantity of water into the region could have relaxed the tension between the two sides of the fault, ...
What type of area is Sichuan?
{'text': 'seismically active', 'answer_start': 605}
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Yale has a history of difficult and prolonged labor negotiations, often culminating in strikes. There have been at least eight strikes since 1968, and The New York Times wrote that Yale has a reputation as having the worst record of labor tension of any university in the U.S. Yale's unusually large endowment exacerbate...
What are The New York Times' views on Yale's labor tension?
{'text': 'the worst record of labor tension of any university in the U.S.', 'answer_start': 213}
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New York City is home to hundreds of cultural institutions and historic sites, many of which are internationally known. Museum Mile is the name for a section of Fifth Avenue running from 82nd to 105th streets on the Upper East Side of Manhattan, in an area sometimes called Upper Carnegie Hill. The Mile, which contains ...
In what part of Manhattan is the Museum Mile located?
{'text': 'Upper East Side', 'answer_start': 216}
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In Europe during the Medieval period, guilds were formed by craftsmen to organise their trades and written contracts have survived, particularly in relation to ecclesiastical buildings. The role of architect was usually one with that of master mason, or Magister lathomorum as they are sometimes described in contemporar...
What organizations were not created by Medieval craftsmen?
{'text': 'guilds', 'answer_start': 38}
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The central oscillator generates a self-sustaining rhythm and is driven by two interacting feedback loops that are active at different times of day. The morning loop consists of CCA1 (Circadian and Clock-Associated 1) and LHY (Late Elongated Hypocotyl), which encode closely related MYB transcription factors that regula...
What does increased mRNA signals contribute to?
{'text': 'a negative feedback loop', 'answer_start': 901}
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However, Samoans greatly resented New Zealand's colonial rule, and blamed inflation and the catastrophic 1918 flu epidemic on its misrule. By the late 1920s the resistance movement against colonial rule had gathered widespread support. One of the Mau leaders was Olaf Frederick Nelson, a half Samoan and half Swedish mer...
What events did New Zeland hold Samoa responsible for?
{'text': 'inflation and the catastrophic 1918 flu epidemic', 'answer_start': 74}
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Treaties formed an important part of European colonization and, in many parts of the world, Europeans attempted to legitimize their sovereignty by signing treaties with indigenous peoples. In most cases these treaties were in extremely disadvantageous terms to the native people, who often did not appreciate the implica...
What terms in relation to Europeans did most indigenous people enjoy under treaties?
{'text': 'extremely disadvantageous terms', 'answer_start': 226}
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By the end of May, drafts were formally presented. In mid-June, the main Tripartite negotiations started. The discussion was focused on potential guarantees to central and east European countries should a German aggression arise. The USSR proposed to consider that a political turn towards Germany by the Baltic states w...
What month did the Tripartite discussions begin between Britain, USSR and France?
{'text': 'mid-June', 'answer_start': 54}
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In central and northern Italy and in Flanders, the rise of towns that were to a degree self-governing stimulated economic growth and created an environment for new types of trade associations. Commercial cities on the shores of the Baltic entered into agreements known as the Hanseatic League, and the Italian Maritime r...
What sea were the Hanseatic cities located on?
{'text': 'Baltic', 'answer_start': 232}
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The Russians eventually offered battle outside Moscow on 7 September: the Battle of Borodino resulted in approximately 44,000 Russian and 35,000 French dead, wounded or captured, and may have been the bloodiest day of battle in history up to that point in time. Although the French had won, the Russian army had accepted...
Outside what city did the Battle of Borodino occur?
{'text': 'Moscow', 'answer_start': 47}
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Albert Einstein proposed that the laws of physics should be based on the principle of relativity. This principle holds that the rules of physics must be the same for all observers, regardless of the frame of reference that is used, and that light propagates at the same speed in all reference frames. This theory was mot...
What did Einstein agrue was dependent on the observers frame of refrence?
{'text': 'rules of physics', 'answer_start': 128}
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The 2008 Sichuan earthquake or the Great Sichuan earthquake, measured at 8.0 Ms and 7.9 Mw, and occurred at 02:28:01 PM China Standard Time at epicenter (06:28:01 UTC) on May 12 in Sichuan province, killed 69,197 people and left 18,222 missing.
What day did the earthquake occur?
{'text': 'May 12', 'answer_start': 171}
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Birds have been domesticated by humans both as pets and for practical purposes. Colourful birds, such as parrots and mynas, are bred in captivity or kept as pets, a practice that has led to the illegal trafficking of some endangered species. Falcons and cormorants have long been used for hunting and fishing, respective...
How long have messenger pigeons been used?
{'text': 'since at least 1 AD', 'answer_start': 348}
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During this period, the island enjoyed increased revenues through the sale of flax, with prices peaking in 1951. However, the industry declined because of transportation costs and competition from synthetic fibres. The decision by the British Post Office to use synthetic fibres for its mailbags was a further blow, cont...
What year did flax prices peak?
{'text': '1951', 'answer_start': 107}
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In 1997, the Vienna Philharmonic was "facing protests during a [US] tour" by the National Organization for Women and the International Alliance for Women in Music. Finally, "after being held up to increasing ridicule even in socially conservative Austria, members of the orchestra gathered [on 28 February 1997] in an ex...
Who was the Vienna Philharmonic's first female concertmaster?
{'text': 'Albena Danailova', 'answer_start': 498}
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Hard rock is a form of loud, aggressive rock music. The electric guitar is often emphasised, used with distortion and other effects, both as a rhythm instrument using repetitive riffs with a varying degree of complexity, and as a solo lead instrument. Drumming characteristically focuses on driving rhythms, strong bass ...
In hard rock, an electric guitar can also be used for what?
{'text': 'a solo lead instrument', 'answer_start': 228}
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The Office of the Federal Register publishes the Federal Register, Code of Federal Regulations, and United States Statutes at Large, among others. It also administers the Electoral College.
What office administers the Electoral College?
{'text': 'The Office of the Federal Register', 'answer_start': 0}
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After Congress passed the Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (CALEA, 1994), the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA, 1996), and the Economic Espionage Act (EEA, 1996), the FBI followed suit and underwent a technological upgrade in 1998, just as it did with its CART team in 1991. Co...
When did Congress get rid of HIPAA?
{'text': '1996', 'answer_start': 155}
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Some theories propose that all individuals benefit from a variety of learning modalities, while others suggest that individuals may have preferred learning styles, learning more easily through visual or kinesthetic experiences. A consequence of the latter theory is that effective teaching should present a variety of te...
What do some theories disagree with?
{'text': 'individuals benefit from a variety of learning modalities', 'answer_start': 31}
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Jehovah's Witnesses are best known for their door-to-door preaching, distributing literature such as The Watchtower and Awake!, and refusing military service and blood transfusions. They consider use of the name Jehovah vital for proper worship. They reject Trinitarianism, inherent immortality of the soul, and hellfire...
What are Jehovah witnesses best known for?
{'text': 'their door-to-door preaching', 'answer_start': 39}
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The distinctive characteristic of French cathedrals, and those in Germany and Belgium that were strongly influenced by them, is their height and their impression of verticality. Each French cathedral tends to be stylistically unified in appearance when compared with an English cathedral where there is great diversity i...
What shape does the east end of French chapels typically forbid?
{'text': 'polygonal', 'answer_start': 620}
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Early history of Shaivism is difficult to determine. However, the Śvetāśvatara Upanishad (400 – 200 BCE) is considered to be the earliest textual exposition of a systematic philosophy of Shaivism. Shaivism is represented by various philosophical schools, including non-dualist (abheda), dualist (bheda), and non-dualist-...
What is easy to determine of Shaivism?
{'text': 'Early history', 'answer_start': 0}
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However, in order to manage the tensions present in the Spanish transition to democracy, the drafters of the current Spanish constitution avoided giving labels such as 'federal' to the territorial arrangements. Besides, unlike in the federal system, the main taxes are taken centrally from Madrid (except for the Basque ...
How did they manage the tensions in the present of Spanish Transition to democracy?
{'text': "the drafters of the current Spanish constitution avoided giving labels such as 'federal' to the territorial arrangements.", 'answer_start': 89}
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Hurling and football are the most popular spectator sports in the city. Hurling has a strong identity with city and county – with Cork winning 30 All-Ireland Championships. Gaelic football is also popular, and Cork has won 7 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship titles. There are many Gaelic Athletic Association clu...
How many Senior Football Championship titles has Pairc Ui Chaoimh won?
{'text': '7', 'answer_start': 223}
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It was not until 9 June 1982, with the Circulaire sur la langue et la culture régionales en Alsace (Memorandum on regional language and culture in Alsace) issued by the Vice-Chancellor of the Académie Pierre Deyon, that the teaching of German in primary schools in Alsace really began to be given more official status. T...
Who wrote the Circulaire Savary?
{'text': 'Pierre Deyon', 'answer_start': 201}
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Since the Carnation Revolution of 1974, which culminated in the end of one of Portugal's most notable phases of economic expansion (that started in the 1960s), a significant change has occurred in the nation's annual economic growth.[citation needed] After the turmoil of the 1974 revolution and the PREC period, Portuga...
What period followed the Carnation Revolution?
{'text': 'PREC period', 'answer_start': 300}
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Despite the large number of philosophical schools and subtle nuances between many, all philosophies are said to fall into one of two primary categories, which are defined in contrast to each other: Idealism, and materialism.[a] The basic proposition of these two categories pertains to the nature of reality, and the pri...
What is the first question to ask in order to define the two classes?
{'text': '"what does reality consist of?"', 'answer_start': 400}
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The majority of the province's population is Han Chinese, who are found scattered throughout the region with the exception of the far western areas. Thus, significant minorities of Tibetan, Yi, Qiang and Nakhi people reside in the western portion that are impacted by inclement weather and natural disasters, environment...
How many permanent Tibetan people live in Eastern Lipo?
{'text': '30,000', 'answer_start': 428}
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Rajasthan (/ˈrɑːdʒəstæn/ Hindustani pronunciation: [raːdʒəsˈt̪ʰaːn] ( listen); literally, "Land of Kings") is India's largest state by area (342,239 square kilometres (132,139 sq mi) or 10.4% of India's total area). It is located on the western side of the country, where it comprises most of the wide and inhospitable T...
How many square kilometers is Rajasthan?
{'text': '342,239', 'answer_start': 141}
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Larry Heard, a.k.a. "Mr. Fingers", claims that the term "house" became popular due to many of the early DJs creating music in their own homes using synthesizers and drum machines such as the Roland TR-808, TR-909, and the TB 303.[citation needed] These synthesizers were used to create a house subgenre called acid house...
What was the stage name of Larry Heard?
{'text': 'Mr. Fingers', 'answer_start': 21}
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Environmental damage in Thuringia has been reduced to a large extent after 1990. The condition of forests, rivers and air was improved by modernizing factories, houses (decline of coal heating) and cars, and contaminated areas such as the former Uranium surface mines around Ronneburg have been remediated. Today's envir...
What has been done to former Uranium surface mines around Ronneburg?
{'text': 'Uranium surface mines around Ronneburg have been remediated', 'answer_start': 246}
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The fossil record indicates that birds are the last surviving dinosaurs, having evolved from feathered ancestors within the theropod group of saurischian dinosaurs. True birds first appeared during the Cretaceous period, around 100 million years ago. DNA-based evidence finds that birds diversified dramatically around t...
What are the last surviving dinosaurs, according o the fossil record?
{'text': 'birds', 'answer_start': 33}
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Voyager 2 is the only spacecraft that has visited Neptune. The spacecraft's closest approach to the planet occurred on 25 August 1989. Because this was the last major planet the spacecraft could visit, it was decided to make a close flyby of the moon Triton, regardless of the consequences to the trajectory, similarly t...
What is the only spacecraft to visit Neptune?
{'text': 'Voyager 2', 'answer_start': 0}
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Until the period following World War I the Near East and the Middle East coexisted, but they were not always seen as distinct. Bertram Lenox Simpson, a colonial officer killed eventually in China, uses the terms together in his 1910 book, The Conflict of Color, as "the Near and Middle East." The total super-region cons...
Who wrote the 1910 book 'The Conflict of Color'?
{'text': 'Bertram Lenox Simpson', 'answer_start': 127}
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Saint-Barthélemy (French: Saint-Barthélemy, French pronunciation: ​[sɛ̃baʁtelemi]), officially the Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barthélemy (French: Collectivité territoriale de Saint-Barthélemy), is an overseas collectivity of France. Often abbreviated to Saint-Barth in French, or St. Barts or St. Barths in Englis...
What did the indigenous people of Puerto Rico call their island?
{'text': 'Ouanalao', 'answer_start': 363}
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The modern Greek theatre was born after the Greek independence, in the early 19th century, and initially was influenced by the Heptanesean theatre and melodrama, such as the Italian opera. The Nobile Teatro di San Giacomo di Corfù was the first theatre and opera house of modern Greece and the place where the first Gree...
Modern Greek theater was influenced by what?
{'text': 'Heptanesean theatre and melodrama', 'answer_start': 127}
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DDT, sprayed on the walls of houses, is an organochlorine that has been used to fight malaria since the 1950s. Recent policy statements by the World Health Organization have given stronger support to this approach. However, DDT and other organochlorine pesticides have been banned in most countries worldwide because of ...
How may species have been found to be resistant to DDT?
{'text': 'nineteen', 'answer_start': 486}
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In 1839, Melbourne resigned after Radicals and Tories (both of whom Victoria detested) voted against a bill to suspend the constitution of Jamaica. The bill removed political power from plantation owners who were resisting measures associated with the abolition of slavery. The Queen commissioned a Tory, Sir Robert Peel...
Who voted against the bill to end the constitution of Jamaica?
{'text': 'Radicals and Tories', 'answer_start': 34}
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The palace measures 108 metres (354 ft) by 120 metres (390 ft), is 24 metres (79 ft) high and contains over 77,000 m2 (830,000 sq ft) of floorspace. The floor area is smaller than the Royal Palace of Madrid, the Papal Palace in Rome, the Louvre in Paris, the Hofburg Palace in Vienna, or the Forbidden City. There are 77...
How many bathrooms does the palace have?
{'text': '78 bathrooms', 'answer_start': 414}
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Founded at various times in the university's history, the professional schools originally were scattered throughout Chicago. In connection with a 1917 master plan for a central Chicago campus and President Walter Dill Scott's capital campaign, 8.5 acres (3.44 ha) of land were purchased at the corner of Chicago Avenue a...
In 1920, how many acres were purchased for $10 million for a new central Chicago campus?
{'text': '8.5', 'answer_start': 244}
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Originally, legislative power was exercised by the sovereign acting on the advice of the Curia Regis, or Royal Council, in which important magnates and clerics participated and which evolved into parliament. The so-called Model Parliament included bishops, abbots, earls, barons, and two knights from each shire and two ...
The two houses in England are the House of Luck and?
{'text': 'the House of Commons', 'answer_start': 635}
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President Kennedy stated in Executive Order 10925 that "discrimination because of race, creed, color, or national origin is contrary to the Constitutional principles and policies of the United States"; that "it is the plain and positive obligation of the United States Government to promote and ensure equal opportunity ...
Which President declared that discrimination is contrary to the Constitutional principles of the United States?
{'text': 'Kennedy', 'answer_start': 10}
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To this day, most hunter-gatherers have a symbolically structured sexual division of labour. However, it is true that in a small minority of cases, women hunt the same kind of quarry as men, sometimes doing so alongside men. The best-known example are the Aeta people of the Philippines. According to one study, "About 8...
What is the success rate of Aeta female hunters?
{'text': '31%', 'answer_start': 444}
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As of 2010, those of African ancestry accounted for 16.0% of Florida's population, which includes African Americans. Out of the 16.0%, 4.0% (741,879) were West Indian or Afro-Caribbean American. During the early 1900s, black people made up nearly half of the state's population. In response to segregation, disfranchisem...
Southern and Eastern Florida have the highest population of what race?
{'text': 'African Americans', 'answer_start': 642}
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Size, however, is not the only difference: there are also substantial differences in shape. The hindbrain and midbrain of mammals are generally similar to those of other vertebrates, but dramatic differences appear in the forebrain, which is greatly enlarged and also altered in structure. The cerebral cortex is the par...
The three-layered structure covering the cerebrum in non-mammals is known as what?
{'text': 'pallium', 'answer_start': 507}
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Early Modern universities initially continued the curriculum and research of the Middle Ages: natural philosophy, logic, medicine, theology, mathematics, astronomy (and astrology), law, grammar and rhetoric. Aristotle was prevalent throughout the curriculum, while medicine also depended on Galen and Arabic scholarship....
Who's curriculumn was not deeply impacted by humanism?
{'text': 'Early Modern universities', 'answer_start': 0}
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In vertebrates, the part of the brain that plays the greatest role is the hypothalamus, a small region at the base of the forebrain whose size does not reflect its complexity or the importance of its function. The hypothalamus is a collection of small nuclei, most of which are involved in basic biological functions. So...
A collection of small nuclei at the base of the forebrain is called what?
{'text': 'the hypothalamus,', 'answer_start': 70}
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In a factor analysis of the latest wave of World Values Survey data, Arno Tausch (Corvinus University of Budapest) found that Protestantism emerges to be very close to combining religion and the traditions of liberalism. The Global Value Development Index, calculated by Tausch, relies on the World Values Survey dimensi...
Who calculated the Global Value Development Index?
{'text': 'Arno Tausch', 'answer_start': 69}
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In comparison to the principal alternative, the diesel engine, electric railways offer substantially better energy efficiency, lower emissions and lower operating costs. Electric locomotives are usually quieter, more powerful, and more responsive and reliable than diesels. They have no local emissions, an important adv...
What does not offer better emissions efficiency?
{'text': 'electric railways', 'answer_start': 63}
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XML databases are a type of structured document-oriented database that allows querying based on XML document attributes. XML databases are mostly used in enterprise database management, where XML is being used as the machine-to-machine data interoperability standard. XML database management systems include commercial ...
How is XML used in enterprise database management?
{'text': 'machine-to-machine data', 'answer_start': 218}
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The Endangered Species Conservation Act (P. L. 91-135), passed in December, 1969, amended the original law to provide additional protection to species in danger of "worldwide extinction" by prohibiting their importation and subsequent sale in the United States. It expanded the Lacey Act's ban on interstate commerce to ...
What important precedent did this set for invertebrates?
{'text': 'This law was the first time that invertebrates were included for protection', 'answer_start': 473}
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In 1997, the charity introduced a U.S. Libraries initiative with a goal of "ensuring that if you can get to a public library, you can reach the internet". Only 35% of the world's population has access to the Internet. The foundation has given grants, installed computers and software, and provided training and technical...
what have the grants provided public libraries
{'text': 'The foundation has given grants, installed computers and software, and provided training and technical support in partnership with public libraries nationwide', 'answer_start': 218}
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In the new commercial climate glam metal bands like Europe, Ratt, White Lion and Cinderella broke up, Whitesnake went on hiatus in 1991, and while many of these bands would re-unite again in the late 1990s or early 2000s, they never reached the commercial success they saw in the 1980s or early 1990s. Other bands such a...
What was Van Halen's last album with Sammy Hagar?
{'text': 'Balance', 'answer_start': 462}
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Cultures are externally affected via contact between societies, which may also produce—or inhibit—social shifts and changes in cultural practices. War or competition over resources may impact technological development or social dynamics. Additionally, cultural ideas may transfer from one society to another, through dif...
Which theory consist of cultured adopting new practices,ideas, and products?
{'text': 'Diffusion of innovations', 'answer_start': 803}
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Fryderyk's father, Nicolas Chopin, was a Frenchman from Lorraine who had emigrated to Poland in 1787 at the age of sixteen. Nicolas tutored children of the Polish aristocracy, and in 1806 married Justyna Krzyżanowska, a poor relative of the Skarbeks, one of the families for whom he worked. Fryderyk was baptized on East...
What is the name of Chopin's eldest sister?
{'text': 'Ludwika', 'answer_start': 590}
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In addition to membership, as of 2010[update] there are 1,335 officially registered fan clubs, called penyes, around the world. The fan clubs promote Barcelona in their locality and receive beneficial offers when visiting Barcelona. Among the best supported teams globally, Barcelona has the highest social media followi...
What are the fan clubs called?
{'text': 'penyes', 'answer_start': 102}
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In March 2013 Mendes said he would not return to direct the next film in the series, then known as Bond 24; he later recanted and announced that he would return, as he found the script and the plans for the long-term future of the franchise appealing. In directing Skyfall and Spectre, Mendes became the first director t...
Which film had a larger production staff, Spectre or Skyfall?
{'text': 'Spectre', 'answer_start': 277}
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Fryderyk Chopin was born in Żelazowa Wola, 46 kilometres (29 miles) west of Warsaw, in what was then the Duchy of Warsaw, a Polish state established by Napoleon. The parish baptismal record gives his birthday as 22 February 1810, and cites his given names in the Latin form Fridericus Franciscus (in Polish, he was Fryde...
The Duchy of Warsaw was created by whom?
{'text': 'Napoleon', 'answer_start': 152}
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For statistical purposes, the country is divided into three metropolitan areas: Tel Aviv metropolitan area (population 3,206,400), Haifa metropolitan area (population 1,021,000), and Beer Sheva metropolitan area (population 559,700). Israel's largest municipality, in population and area, is Jerusalem with 773,800 resid...
What is the population of Beer Sheva?
{'text': '559,700', 'answer_start': 224}
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When not celebrating Mass but still serving a liturgical function, such as the semiannual Urbi et Orbi papal blessing, some Papal Masses and some events at Ecumenical Councils, cardinal deacons can be recognized by the dalmatics they would don with the simple white mitre (so called mitra simplex).
How are Cardinal deacons recognized at Ecumenical Meetings?
{'text': 'by the dalmatics they would don with the simple white mitre', 'answer_start': 212}
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The franchise was first created in 1997 as a series of virtual pets, akin to—and influenced in style by—the contemporary Tamagotchi or nano Giga Pet toys. The creatures were first designed to look cute and iconic even on the devices' small screens; later developments had them created with a harder-edged style influence...
What cause the franchise to lose momentum?
{'text': 'its first anime incarnation', 'answer_start': 377}
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Although professional wrestling in Mexico (lucha libre) also has stories and characters, they are less emphasized. Wrestlers in Mexico are traditionally more agile and perform more aerial maneuvers than professional wrestlers in the U.S. who, more often, rely on power moves and strikes to subdue their opponents. The di...
How do characters differ in Mexican wrestling?
{'text': 'they are less emphasized', 'answer_start': 89}
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One of the most prominent movies filmed in Alaska is MGM's Eskimo/Mala The Magnificent, starring Alaska Native Ray Mala. In 1932 an expedition set out from MGM's studios in Hollywood to Alaska to film what was then billed as "The Biggest Picture Ever Made." Upon arriving in Alaska, they set up "Camp Hollywood" in North...
Which chef was hired to prepare meals for the actors in The Magnificent?
{'text': 'from the Hotel Roosevelt in Hollywood', 'answer_start': 485}
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In 1718, at the behest of either Rector Samuel Andrew or the colony's Governor Gurdon Saltonstall, Cotton Mather contacted a successful businessman named Elihu Yale, who lived in Wales but had been born in Boston and whose father, David, had been one of the original settlers in New Haven, to ask him for financial help ...
How many books were in the 1741 shipment to Yale?
{'text': '500', 'answer_start': 845}
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In 2012, the city contained a total of 594 high-rise buildings, with 8 under construction, 71 planned and 39 at proposal stage making the city's skyline the second largest in Australia. The CBD is dominated by modern office buildings including the Rialto Towers (1986), built on the site of several grand classical Victo...
Which building was listed as the 13th tallest residential building in the world in January 2014?
{'text': 'Eureka Tower', 'answer_start': 560}
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The following year, when Philip Graves, the Constantinople (modern Istanbul) correspondent of The Times, exposed The Protocols as a forgery, The Times retracted the editorial of the previous year.
How did The Times respond to the exposing of anti-Semitic documents as forgery?
{'text': 'retracted the editorial', 'answer_start': 151}
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The Vedas, the earliest texts on Indian philosophy and Hindu philosophy dating back to the late 2nd millennium BC, describe ancient Hindu cosmology, in which the universe goes through repeated cycles of creation, destruction and rebirth, with each cycle lasting 4,320 million years. Ancient Greek philosophers, including...
Which ancient Indian philosophers wrote essays on the concept of time?
{'text': 'Parmenides and Heraclitus', 'answer_start': 321}
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Small-scale "expedition tourism" has existed since 1957 and is currently subject to Antarctic Treaty and Environmental Protocol provisions, but in effect self-regulated by the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO). Not all vessels associated with Antarctic tourism are members of IAATO, but IAAT...
What percentage of tourism do members of the IATAO account for?
{'text': '95%', 'answer_start': 342}
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The first Dominican site in England was at Oxford, in the parishes of St. Edward and St. Adelaide. The friars built an oratory to the Blessed Virgin Mary and by 1265, the brethren, in keeping with their devotion to study, began erecting a school. Actually, the Dominican brothers likely began a school immediately after ...
What did Benedictine friars build?
{'text': 'an oratory to the Blessed Virgin Mary', 'answer_start': 116}
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Representatives from indigenous and rural organizations from major South American countries, including Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, Chile and Brazil, started a forum in support of Morales' legal process of change. The meeting condemned plans by the European "foreign power elite" to destabilize the country. The forum als...
What was the forum suspicious of?
{'text': 'plots against Bolivia and other countries', 'answer_start': 596}
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The European, American, and Japanese comics traditions have followed different paths. Europeans have seen their tradition as beginning with the Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer from as early as 1827 and Americans have seen the origin of theirs in Richard F. Outcault's 1890s newspaper strip The Yellow Kid, though many Americans h...
Who is considered to be the first comic creator in America?
{'text': 'Richard F. Outcault', 'answer_start': 237}
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By 1353, the three original cantons had joined with the cantons of Glarus and Zug and the Lucerne, Zürich and Bern city states to form the "Old Confederacy" of eight states that existed until the end of the 15th century. The expansion led to increased power and wealth for the federation. By 1460, the confederates contr...
Which Swiss victory in 1499 amounted to de facto independence within the Holy Roman Empire?
{'text': 'Swabian War', 'answer_start': 621}
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In Canada, the Supreme Court of Canada was established in 1875 but only became the highest court in the country in 1949 when the right of appeal to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council was abolished. This court hears appeals of decisions made by courts of appeal from the provinces and territories and appeals of ...
Why can the title "Supreme Court" be confusing?
{'text': 'for example, The Supreme Court of British Columbia does not have the final say and controversial cases heard there often get appealed in higher courts', 'answer_start': 530}
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The major architectural undertakings were the buildings of abbeys and cathedrals. From about 900 CE onwards, the movements of both clerics and tradesmen carried architectural knowledge across Europe, resulting in the pan-European styles Romanesque and Gothic.
What style is pre-Gothic?
{'text': 'pan-European', 'answer_start': 217}
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Ranked below the Three Councillors of State were the Nine Ministers, who each headed a specialized ministry. The Minister of Ceremonies was the chief official in charge of religious rites, rituals, prayers and the maintenance of ancestral temples and altars. The Minister of the Household was in charge of the emperor's ...
Which Minister had the responsibility to interpret laws in this period?
{'text': 'The Minister of Justice', 'answer_start': 768}
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Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down the disaccharide lactose to its component parts, glucose and galactose. Glucose and galactose can be absorbed by the small intestine. Approximately 65 percent of the adult population produce only small amounts of lactase and are unable to eat unfermented milk-based foods. This is c...
What is lactase?
{'text': 'an enzyme that breaks down the disaccharide lactose to its component parts', 'answer_start': 11}