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111,477 | 111,135 | 573091522461fd1900a9cea2 | generic | Modern Greek has, in addition to Standard Modern Greek or Dimotiki, a wide variety of dialects of varying levels of mutual intelligibility, including Cypriot, Pontic, Cappadocian, Griko and Tsakonian (the only surviving representative of ancient Doric Greek). Yevanic is the language of the Romaniotes, and survives in s... | What are some of the local jargon used in Greek speaking? | {'text': 'wide variety of dialects of varying levels of mutual intelligibility, including Cypriot, Pontic, Cappadocian, Griko and Tsakonian', 'answer_start': 70} |
93,630 | 93,288 | 5a671775f038b7001ab0c1de | generic | Glass-ceramic materials share many properties with both non-crystalline glass and crystalline ceramics. They are formed as a glass, and then partially crystallized by heat treatment. For example, the microstructure of whiteware ceramics frequently contains both amorphous and crystalline phases. Crystalline grains are o... | What are permeability materials formed as? | {'text': 'glass', 'answer_start': 125} |
65,862 | 65,520 | 5a20607c54a786001a36b329 | generic | The term alloy is used to describe a mixture of atoms in which the primary constituent is a metal. The primary metal is called the base, the matrix, or the solvent. The secondary constituents are often called solutes. If there is a mixture of only two types of atoms, not counting impurities, such as a copper-nickel all... | What term describes a mixture of atoms that include at least some metal? | {'text': 'alloy', 'answer_start': 9} |
100,410 | 100,068 | 572b9405be1ee31400cb844d | generic | Autodidacticism (also autodidactism) is a contemplative, absorbing process, of "learning on your own" or "by yourself", or as a self-teacher. Some autodidacts spend a great deal of time reviewing the resources of libraries and educational websites. One may become an autodidact at nearly any point in one's life. While s... | What does Auto didacticism generally mean? | {'text': 'learning on your own', 'answer_start': 80} |
30,303 | 29,961 | 5706520375f01819005e7b3e | generic | The basic MP3 decoding and encoding technology is patent-free in the European Union, all patents having expired there. In the United States, the technology will be substantially patent-free on 31 December 2017 (see below). The majority of MP3 patents expired in the US between 2007 and 2015. | Where is the basic MP3 decoding and technology patent free? | {'text': 'European Union', 'answer_start': 69} |
37,767 | 37,425 | 570baa0f6b8089140040f9d0 | generic | IR data transmission is also employed in short-range communication among computer peripherals and personal digital assistants. These devices usually conform to standards published by IrDA, the Infrared Data Association. Remote controls and IrDA devices use infrared light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to emit infrared radiatio... | What is a term for when something is switched on and off? | {'text': 'modulated', 'answer_start': 388} |
57,058 | 56,716 | 5726684d708984140094c506 | generic | Bonaparte could win battles by concealment of troop deployments and concentration of his forces on the 'hinge' of an enemy's weakened front. If he could not use his favourite envelopment strategy, he would take up the central position and attack two co-operating forces at their hinge, swing round to fight one until it ... | How many prisoners did Napoleon's army capture in the Italian campaign? | {'text': '150,000', 'answer_start': 407} |
38,150 | 37,808 | 570bd4a6ec8fbc190045bb4e | generic | C trigraphs were created to solve this problem for ANSI C, although their late introduction and inconsistent implementation in compilers limited their use. Many programmers kept their computers on US-ASCII, so plain-text in Swedish, German etc. (for example, in e-mail or Usenet) contained "{, }" and similar variants in... | What was created to solve the problem for ANSI C? | {'text': 'C trigraphs', 'answer_start': 0} |
116,648 | 116,306 | 5730807e069b53140083212c | generic | The 19th century brought new standards of accuracy and style. In regard to accuracy, observes J.M. Cohen, the policy became "the text, the whole text, and nothing but the text", except for any bawdy passages and the addition of copious explanatory footnotes. In regard to style, the Victorians' aim, achieved through far... | What did the Victorians aim to remind the reader of their translations? | {'text': 'that they were reading a foreign classic', 'answer_start': 409} |
111,400 | 111,058 | 572fdf30a23a5019007fcaab | generic | The most obvious link between modern and ancient Greeks is their language, which has a documented tradition from at least the 14th century BC to the present day, albeit with a break during the Greek Dark Ages (lasting from the 11th to the 8th century BC). Scholars compare its continuity of tradition to Chinese alone. S... | What aspects of the Greek culture have remained steadfast throughout the years ? | {'text': 'retained their language and alphabet, certain values and cultural traditions, customs, a sense of religious and cultural difference and exclusion', 'answer_start': 1122} |
44,081 | 43,739 | 570f33ad80d9841400ab355d | generic | The earliest recorded account of a circadian process dates from the 4th century B.C.E., when Androsthenes, a ship captain serving under Alexander the Great, described diurnal leaf movements of the tamarind tree. The observation of a circadian or diurnal process in humans is mentioned in Chinese medical texts dated to a... | What tree leaves did Androsthenes describe? | {'text': 'tamarind', 'answer_start': 197} |
93,978 | 93,636 | 5ad1248d645df0001a2d0f20 | generic | By the end of 2011, total renewable power capacity worldwide exceeded 1,360 GW, up 8%. Renewables producing electricity accounted for almost half of the 208 GW of capacity added globally during 2011. Wind and solar photovoltaics (PV) accounted for almost 40% and 30% . Based on REN21's 2014 report, renewables contribute... | Renewables cdid not ontributed what percentage to our electricity generation? | {'text': '22 percent', 'answer_start': 363} |
75,223 | 74,881 | 57276fdb5951b619008f89d9 | generic | Accurate present day child labour information is difficult to obtain because of disagreements between data sources as to what constitutes child labour. In some countries, government policy contributes to this difficulty. For example, the overall extent of child labour in China is unclear due to the government categoriz... | What is the cause of diagreements in child labour numbers for present day? | {'text': 'data sources', 'answer_start': 102} |
53,557 | 53,215 | 572616c289a1e219009ac236 | generic | Arsenal Ladies are the women's football club affiliated to Arsenal. Founded in 1987, they turned semi-professional in 2002 and are managed by Clare Wheatley. Arsenal Ladies are the most successful team in English women's football. In the 2008–09 season, they won all three major English trophies – the FA Women's Premier... | At what stadium do Arsenal Ladies usually play? | {'text': 'Boreham Wood.', 'answer_start': 733} |
89,704 | 89,362 | 5728d481ff5b5019007da7ab | generic | Today, Estonian society encourages liberty and liberalism, with popular commitment to the ideals of the limited government, discouraging centralised power and corruption. The Protestant work ethic remains a significant cultural staple, and free education is a highly prized institution. Like the mainstream culture in th... | What ideal does Estonia hold towards the environment? | {'text': 'closeness to nature', 'answer_start': 599} |
104,827 | 104,485 | 5ad423d8604f3c001a400860 | generic | Charleston is the primary medical center for the eastern portion of the state. The city has several major hospitals located in the downtown area: Medical University of South Carolina Medical Center (MUSC), Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, and Roper Hospital. MUSC is the state's first school of medicine, the largest ... | Bon Secours-St Francis Xavier Hospital isn't located at what portion of the city? | {'text': 'West Ashley portion', 'answer_start': 704} |
103,756 | 103,414 | 572ea842dfa6aa1500f8d273 | generic | Neptune's more varied weather when compared to Uranus is due in part to its higher internal heating. Although Neptune lies over 50% further from the Sun than Uranus, and receives only 40% its amount of sunlight, the two planets' surface temperatures are roughly equal. The upper regions of Neptune's troposphere reach a ... | The current heat flow on Neptune might be explained by what? | {'text': "heat left over from Neptune's formation", 'answer_start': 981} |
7,760 | 7,418 | 56d98a32dc89441400fdb522 | generic | In response to the demonstrations, the Chinese government attempted to calm the situation, possibly fearing the protests may spiral out of control as has happened in recent years, including the anti-Japanese protests in 2005. State media and commentaries began to call for calm, such as an editorial in the People's Dail... | The Chinese government tried to tamper the boycott, trying to avoid a similar outcome to which protests in 2005? | {'text': 'anti-Japanese protests', 'answer_start': 194} |
16,914 | 16,572 | 56e0f8717aa994140058e849 | generic | The canon law of the Eastern Catholic Churches, which had developed some different disciplines and practices, underwent its own process of codification, resulting in the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches promulgated in 1990 by Pope John Paul II. | What was the name of the formal version of laws ruling the Eastern Catholic Churches? | {'text': 'the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches', 'answer_start': 166} |
63,999 | 63,657 | 5ad3e080604f3c001a3ff4ca | generic | During the 1988 presidential election, George H. W. Bush (Yale '48) derided Michael Dukakis for having "foreign-policy views born in Harvard Yard's boutique". When challenged on the distinction between Dukakis's Harvard connection and his own Yale background, he said that, unlike Harvard, Yale's reputation was "so diff... | How did George W. Bush describe Yale's reputation? | {'text': "so diffuse, there isn't a symbol", 'answer_start': 313} |
33,815 | 33,473 | 5709af49ed30961900e84413 | generic | The federal government of the United States has mandated that "in data collection and presentation, federal agencies are required to use a minimum of two ethnicities: 'Hispanic or Latino' and 'Not Hispanic or Latino'." The Census Bureau defines "Hispanic or Latino" as "a person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or... | How would a person of Cuban origin be listed by the US Census Bureau? | {'text': 'Hispanic or Latino', 'answer_start': 246} |
30,479 | 30,137 | 5706a3fc75f01819005e7ca6 | generic | Club play from pioneering Chicago DJs such as Hardy and Lil Louis, local dance music record shops such as Importes, State Street Records, Loop Records, Gramaphone Records and the popular Hot Mix 5 shows on radio station WBMX-FM helped popularize house music in Chicago. Later, visiting DJs & producers from Detroit fell ... | where was house music from chicago-based labels considered a must-play? | {'text': 'clubs', 'answer_start': 922} |
96,037 | 95,695 | 5a69098b8476ee001a58a9fe | generic | IBM announced it will launch its new software, called "Open Client Offering" which is to run on Linux, Microsoft Windows and Apple's Mac OS X. The company states that its new product allows businesses to offer employees a choice of using the same software on Windows and its alternatives. This means that "Open Client Of... | What two platforms is Microsoft offering the Linux client for Smart Work on? | {'text': 'Ubuntu and Red Hat Enterprise Linux platforms', 'answer_start': 1096} |
96,968 | 96,626 | 572a1a6b1d0469140077978d | generic | Standing out in Clarke's (and Newton's) response to Leibniz's arguments is the bucket argument: Water in a bucket, hung from a rope and set to spin, will start with a flat surface. As the water begins to spin in the bucket, the surface of the water will become concave. If the bucket is stopped, the water will continue ... | What is the surface of the water apparently not caused by? | {'text': 'the interaction of the bucket and the water', 'answer_start': 444} |
63,666 | 63,324 | 5726ab84708984140094cd68 | generic | Somerset has a high indigenous British population, with 98.8% registering as white British and 92.4% of these as born in the United Kingdom. Chinese is the largest ethnic group, while the black minority ethnic proportion of the total population is 2.9%. Over 25% of Somerset's population is concentrated in Taunton, Brid... | How many tourist nights are spent in Somerset | {'text': 'Over 9 million tourist nights are spent in Somerset each year', 'answer_start': 395} |
120,774 | 120,432 | 5ad4e6d95b96ef001a10a5c9 | generic | Red hair varies from a deep burgundy through burnt orange to bright copper. It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin (which also accounts for the red color of the lips) and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin. The term redhead (originally redd hede) has been in use since at ... | Copper color is characterized by what? | {'text': 'n (which also accounts for the red color of the lips) and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin', 'answer_start': 144} |
125,864 | 125,522 | 573388854776f41900660cbc | generic | Advanced economies led global economic growth prior to the financial crisis with "emerging" and "developing" economies lagging behind. The crisis completely overturned this relationship. The International Monetary Fund found that "advanced" economies accounted for only 31% of global GDP while emerging and developing ec... | What economies led global economic growth prior to the financial crisis? | {'text': 'Advanced economies', 'answer_start': 0} |
41,710 | 41,368 | 59d284cc2763a6001828405b | generic | GE's history of working with turbines in the power-generation field gave them the engineering know-how to move into the new field of aircraft turbosuperchargers.[citation needed] Led by Sanford Alexander Moss, GE introduced the first superchargers during World War I, and continued to develop them during the Interwar pe... | In what year was GE Aviation founded? | {'text': '1941', 'answer_start': 629} |
108,316 | 107,974 | 5a3ac45b3ff257001ab84262 | generic | Fossilized spores suggest that higher plants (embryophytes) have lived on land for at least 475 million years. Early land plants reproduced sexually with flagellated, swimming sperm, like the green algae from which they evolved. An adaptation to terrestrialization was the development of upright meiosporangia for disper... | What suggests that confiers have lived on land for 475 million years? | {'text': 'Fossilized spores', 'answer_start': 0} |
55,580 | 55,238 | 57262557ec44d21400f3da07 | generic | In the next two years, the company established its first factory in south India in the town of Machilipatnam on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal. The high profits reported by the company after landing in India initially prompted King James I to grant subsidiary licences to other trading companies in England. B... | what would happen if the trade did not return a profit for at least 3 years? | {'text': 'charter would cease to be in force', 'answer_start': 444} |
100,580 | 100,238 | 572bd7e52babe914003c2957 | generic | The earliest variant of the name that became Tennessee was recorded by Captain Juan Pardo, the Spanish explorer, when he and his men passed through an American Indian village named "Tanasqui" in 1567 while traveling inland from South Carolina. In the early 18th century, British traders encountered a Cherokee town named... | Which Native Americans had a town called Tanasi in present day Monroe County, Tennessee? | {'text': 'Cherokee', 'answer_start': 301} |
47,725 | 47,383 | 571deae4b64a571400c71e03 | generic | The social identity of the children was strongly determined by the tribe's kinship system. Among the matrilineal tribes of the Southeast, the mixed-race children generally were accepted as and identified as Indian, as they gained their social status from their mother's clans and tribes, and often grew up with their mot... | What race did the Omaha view a multiracial child with a white father to be? | {'text': 'white', 'answer_start': 463} |
67,340 | 66,998 | 5ad1620e645df0001a2d193d | generic | A PM motor does not have a field winding on the stator frame, instead relying on PMs to provide the magnetic field against which the rotor field interacts to produce torque. Compensating windings in series with the armature may be used on large motors to improve commutation under load. Because this field is fixed, it c... | What is another name for PMM fields? | {'text': 'dynamo', 'answer_start': 503} |
101,950 | 101,608 | 5a8de0b2df8bba001a0f9d00 | generic | According to Genius, the James Gleick-authored biography, Feynman tried LSD during his professorship at Caltech. Somewhat embarrassed by his actions, he largely sidestepped the issue when dictating his anecdotes; he mentions it in passing in the "O Americano, Outra Vez" section, while the "Altered States" chapter in Su... | What book did Feynman talk about his DMT use? | {'text': 'O Americano, Outra Vez', 'answer_start': 656} |
60,844 | 60,502 | 57268ad3708984140094c97f | generic | Following the defeat of Japan in the Second World War, anti-Japanese resistance movements in Malaya turned their attention towards the British, who had moved to quickly retake control of the colony, valuing it as a source of rubber and tin. The fact that the guerrillas were primarily Malayan-Chinese Communists meant th... | When did Singapore leave the Federation of Malaya? | {'text': '1965', 'answer_start': 823} |
45,171 | 44,829 | 5ad360f7604f3c001a3fdf4f | generic | Dell has been attempting to offset its declining PC business, which still accounted for half of its revenue and generates steady cash flow, by expanding into the enterprise market with servers, networking, software, and services. It avoided many of the acquisition writedowns and management turnover that plagued its chi... | What happened to Dell's expenses and share price in the post-PC market? | {'text': 'declines', 'answer_start': 734} |
32,589 | 32,247 | 5709630f200fba1400367f29 | generic | Fungi communicate to coordinate and organize their growth and development such as the formation of Marcelia and fruiting bodies. Fungi communicate with their own and related species as well as with non fungal organisms in a great variety of symbiotic interactions, especially with bacteria, unicellular eukaryote, plants... | Why do fungi communicate? | {'text': 'to coordinate and organize their growth and development', 'answer_start': 18} |
114,597 | 114,255 | 5730154204bcaa1900d77150 | generic | Georgian architecture is characterized by its proportion and balance; simple mathematical ratios were used to determine the height of a window in relation to its width or the shape of a room as a double cube. Regularity, as with ashlar (uniformly cut) stonework, was strongly approved, imbuing symmetry and adherence to ... | What was considered a deep flaw of Georgian architecture? | {'text': 'lack of symmetry', 'answer_start': 341} |
110,308 | 109,966 | 57343f804776f41900661af8 | generic | Tucson is known for being a trailblazer in voluntary partial publicly financed campaigns. Since 1985, both mayoral and council candidates have been eligible to receive matching public funds from the city. To become eligible, council candidates must receive 200 donations of $10 or more (300 for a mayoral candidate). Can... | What is the spending limit for Tucson city council candidates to get public funding? | {'text': '33¢ for every registered Tucson voter', 'answer_start': 372} |
524 | 182 | 56d4bf242ccc5a1400d831be | generic | On April 4, 2008, Beyoncé married Jay Z. She publicly revealed their marriage in a video montage at the listening party for her third studio album, I Am... Sasha Fierce, in Manhattan's Sony Club on October 22, 2008. I Am... Sasha Fierce was released on November 18, 2008 in the United States. The album formally introduc... | When did Beyoncé get married? | {'text': 'April 4, 2008', 'answer_start': 3} |
83,586 | 83,244 | 5727d53a2ca10214002d978e | generic | Oklahoma is part of a geographical region characterized by conservative and Evangelical Christianity known as the "Bible Belt". Spanning the southern and eastern parts of the United States, the area is known for politically and socially conservative views, even though Oklahoma has more voters registered with the Democr... | What is the conservative Evangelical Christian region called? | {'text': 'the "Bible Belt"', 'answer_start': 110} |
59,108 | 58,766 | 57266e2c708984140094c5c1 | generic | From 1952 to 1964, most voters were registered Democrats, but the state voted for the Republican presidential candidate in every election except for 1964. The following year, Congress passed and President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Voting Rights Act of 1965, providing for oversight of state practices and enforcement ... | what president signed the voting right act | {'text': 'President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Voting Rights Act of 1965', 'answer_start': 195} |
104,073 | 103,731 | 5acd871707355d001abf45cc | generic | Three-phase AC railway electrification was used in Italy, Switzerland and the United States in the early twentieth century. Italy was the major user, for lines in the mountainous regions of northern Italy from 1901 until 1976. The first lines were the Burgdorf-Thun line in Switzerland (1899), and the lines of the Ferro... | The first four-way lines were created in what year? | {'text': '1899', 'answer_start': 287} |
58,629 | 58,287 | 5ad0c4c2645df0001a2d0284 | generic | The site where the Saint Petersburg Passage sprawls had been devoted to trade since the city's foundation in the early 18th century. It had been occupied by various shops and warehouses (Maly Gostiny Dvor, Schukin Dvor, Apraksin Dvor) until 1846, when Count Essen-Stenbock-Fermor acquired the grounds to build an elite s... | What historical site still operates outside of the mall? | {'text': 'Komissarzhevskaya Theatre', 'answer_start': 1003} |
64,709 | 64,367 | 5ace258532bba1001ae49bbb | generic | Ann Arbor's residential neighborhoods contain architectural styles ranging from classic 19th-century and early-20th-century designs to ranch-style houses. Among these homes are a number of kit houses built in the early 20th century. Contemporary-style houses are farther from the downtown district. Surrounding the Unive... | Kit houses were built late in what century? | {'text': '20th century', 'answer_start': 219} |
3,292 | 2,950 | 56cdcebe62d2951400fa6862 | generic | In a United States Geological Survey (USGS) study, preliminary rupture models of the earthquake indicated displacement of up to 9 meters along a fault approximately 240 km long by 20 km deep. The earthquake generated deformations of the surface greater than 3 meters and increased the stress (and probability of occurren... | How large was the displacement? | {'text': 'up to 9 meters', 'answer_start': 122} |
39,635 | 39,293 | 570d03b1fed7b91900d45bbf | generic | Although the Catholics and the Orthodox may honor and venerate Mary, they do not view her as divine, nor do they worship her. Roman Catholics view Mary as subordinate to Christ, but uniquely so, in that she is seen as above all other creatures. Similarly Theologian Sergei Bulgakov wrote that the Orthodox view Mary as "... | Who is venerated in the Roman Catholic practice of dulia? | {'text': 'other saints and angels', 'answer_start': 790} |
14,839 | 14,497 | 56dfec1b231d4119001abe97 | generic | Quality dropped but variety increased with the introduction of microwave ovens and freezer food. "Pub grub" expanded to include British food items such as steak and ale pie, shepherd's pie, fish and chips, bangers and mash, Sunday roast, ploughman's lunch, and pasties. In addition, dishes such as burgers, chicken wings... | What are foods like fish and chips and chicken wings called when they're served at a pub? | {'text': 'Pub grub', 'answer_start': 98} |
15,756 | 15,414 | 5acd17e507355d001abf346c | generic | In the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter ⟨◌ʰ⟩, a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative ⟨h⟩. For instance, ⟨p⟩ represents the voiceless bilabial stop, and ⟨pʰ⟩ represen... | What is considered an unaspirated consonant? | {'text': 'voiceless consonants', 'answer_start': 101} |
22,122 | 21,780 | 56eab0195a205f1900d6d404 | generic | Alternative approaches, such as the British aid agency's Drivers of Change research, skips numbers and promotes understanding corruption via political economy analysis of who controls power in a given society. | What is the British aid agency's research called? | {'text': 'Drivers of Change', 'answer_start': 57} |
37,341 | 36,999 | 570b6593ec8fbc190045b9d2 | generic | Hard rock entered the 1990s as one of the dominant forms of commercial music. The multi-platinum releases of AC/DC's The Razors Edge (1990), Guns N' Roses' Use Your Illusion I and Use Your Illusion II (both in 1991), Ozzy Osbourne's No More Tears (1991), and Van Halen's For Unlawful Carnal Knowledge (1991) showcased th... | Guns N Roses released both Use Your Illusion albums in what year? | {'text': '1991', 'answer_start': 210} |
76,214 | 75,872 | 57278c7b5951b619008f8d21 | generic | On February 7, 1987, dozens of political prisoners were freed in the first group release since Khrushchev's "thaw" in the mid-1950s. On May 6, 1987, Pamyat, a Russian nationalist group, held an unsanctioned demonstration in Moscow. The authorities did not break up the demonstration and even kept traffic out of the demo... | When were the prisoners set free? | {'text': 'February 7, 1987,', 'answer_start': 3} |
126,845 | 126,503 | 57329c241d5d2e14009ff867 | generic | The first centrally organised police force was created by the government of King Louis XIV in 1667 to police the city of Paris, then the largest city in Europe. The royal edict, registered by the Parlement of Paris on March 15, 1667 created the office of lieutenant général de police ("lieutenant general of police"), wh... | In what year did Paris get a police force? | {'text': '1667', 'answer_start': 94} |
74,533 | 74,191 | 5a6fd4f28abb0b001a675f87 | generic | In 1469, following the Treaty of St. Omer, Upper Alsace was sold by Archduke Sigismund of Austria to Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy. Although Charles was the nominal landlord, taxes were paid to Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor. The latter was able to use this tax and a dynastic marriage to his advantage to gain b... | When did Belfort join the Swiss Confederation? | {'text': '1515', 'answer_start': 562} |
3,674 | 3,332 | 56d624261c85041400946f30 | generic | As a result of the magnitude 7.9 earthquake and the many strong aftershocks, many rivers became blocked by large landslides, which resulted in the formation of "quake lakes" behind the blockages; these massive amounts of water were pooling up at a very high rate behind the natural landslide dams and it was feared that ... | What had to be evacuated due to potential flooding? | {'text': 'Entire villages', 'answer_start': 669} |
65,621 | 65,279 | 57269a5f708984140094cb62 | generic | The early Christian philosophy of Augustine of Hippo was heavily influenced by Plato. A key change brought about by Christian thought was the moderatation of the Stoicism and theory of justice of the Roman world, as well emphasis on the role of the state in applying mercy as a moral example. Augustine also preached tha... | What was a key change brought about by Christian thought? | {'text': 'the moderatation of the Stoicism', 'answer_start': 138} |
26,338 | 25,996 | 5acfbb4977cf76001a685af1 | generic | Following the fall of Wu and the turmoil of the Wu Hu uprising against the Jin dynasty (265–420), most of elite Chinese families had collaborated with the non-Chinese rulers and military conquerors in the north. Some may have lost social privilege, and took refugee in areas south to Yangtze River. Some of the Chinese r... | When did Zhuge Village expose itself until? | {'text': 'recently', 'answer_start': 819} |
22,356 | 22,014 | 56f74466aef2371900625a6e | generic | Typical stringed instruments of the early period include the harp, lute, vielle, and psaltery, while wind instruments included the flute family (including recorder), shawm (an early member of the oboe family), trumpet, and the bagpipes. Simple pipe organs existed, but were largely confined to churches, although there w... | The sahwm was an early family member of what instrument? | {'text': 'the oboe', 'answer_start': 192} |
69,591 | 69,249 | 5a7e634b48f7d9001a06369a | generic | Maslow’s ‘‘Third Force Psychology Theory’’ even allows literary analysts to critically understand how characters reflect the culture and the history in which they are contextualized. It also allows analysts to understand the author’s intended message and to understand the author’s psychology. The theory suggests that h... | What does the theory suggest characters possess? | {'text': 'a nature within them that demonstrates their true “self”', 'answer_start': 340} |
51,282 | 50,940 | 5725f11838643c19005acee3 | generic | Hellenistic culture was at its height of world influence in the Hellenistic period. Hellenism or at least Philhellenism reached most regions on the frontiers of the Hellenistic kingdoms. Though some of these regions were not ruled by Greeks or even Greek speaking elites, certain Hellenistic influences can be seen in th... | Hellenism or Philhellenism reached the frontiers of what kingdom? | {'text': 'Hellenistic', 'answer_start': 165} |
73,710 | 73,368 | 572783c7f1498d1400e8fa61 | generic | The semi-finals have been played exclusively at the rebuilt Wembley Stadium since 2008, one year after it opened and after it had already hosted a final (in 2007). For the first decade of the competition, the Kennington Oval was used as the semi-final venue. In the period between this first decade and the reopening of ... | Is there a name for the specific venue? | {'text': 'Kennington Oval was used as the semi-final venue', 'answer_start': 209} |
10,551 | 10,209 | 5ad3887d604f3c001a3fe57a | generic | Congress may establish "legislative courts," which do not take the form of judicial agencies or commissions, whose members do not have the same security of tenure or compensation as the constitutional court judges. Legislative courts may not exercise the judicial power of the United States. In Murray's Lessee v. Hoboke... | Which form do legislative courts take? | {'text': 'judicial agencies or commissions', 'answer_start': 75} |
95,452 | 95,110 | 572a37e41d04691400779855 | generic | Beginning in 2005, the CBC has contributed production funds for the BBC Wales revival of Doctor Who, for which it received a special credit at the end of each episode. This arrangement continued until the end of fourth season, broadcast in 2008. The CBC similarly contributed to the first season of the spin-off series, ... | What year did the CBC begin contributing funds to the show Doctor Who? | {'text': '2005', 'answer_start': 13} |
50,480 | 50,138 | 5acf850e77cf76001a68509f | generic | There is no clear mechanism by which these local trade organisations became today's Masonic Lodges, but the earliest rituals and passwords known, from operative lodges around the turn of the 17th–18th centuries, show continuity with the rituals developed in the later 18th century by accepted or speculative Masons, as t... | What is the only Masonic lodge in the world? | {'text': "Lodge of Edinburgh (Mary's Chapel) No. 1 in Scotland", 'answer_start': 410} |
23,749 | 23,407 | 56f733f53d8e2e1400e3745a | generic | Tito's estrangement from the USSR enabled Yugoslavia to obtain US aid via the Economic Cooperation Administration (ECA), the same US aid institution which administered the Marshall Plan. Still, he did not agree to align with the West, which was a common consequence of accepting American aid at the time. After Stalin's ... | In what year did Stalin die? | {'text': '1953', 'answer_start': 329} |
25,296 | 24,954 | 56f8da629e9bad19000a05fe | generic | De novo or "orphan" genes, whose sequence shows no similarity to existing genes, are extremely rare. Estimates of the number of de novo genes in the human genome range from 18 to 60. Such genes are typically shorter and simpler in structure than most eukaryotic genes, with few if any introns. Two primary sources of orp... | How do the lengths of orphan genes compare to most eukaryotic genes? | {'text': 'typically shorter', 'answer_start': 198} |
122,023 | 121,681 | 5731d97fe99e3014001e632f | generic | Haruspicy was also used in public cult, under the supervision of the augur or presiding magistrate. The haruspices divined the will of the gods through examination of entrails after sacrifice, particularly the liver. They also interpreted omens, prodigies and portents, and formulated their expiation. Most Roman authors... | Which of the entrails was especially important to augury? | {'text': 'liver', 'answer_start': 210} |
75,183 | 74,841 | 57275ec9dd62a815002e9bbb | generic | The Victorian era in particular became notorious for the conditions under which children were employed. Children as young as four were employed in production factories and mines working long hours in dangerous, often fatal, working conditions. In coal mines, children would crawl through tunnels too narrow and low for a... | Mid-18th century London had how many domestic servants? | {'text': 'over 120,000', 'answer_start': 567} |
102,316 | 101,974 | 573183df05b4da19006bd21d | generic | The early and mid-1980s saw economic trouble for Libya; from 1982 to 1986, the country's annual oil revenues dropped from $21 billion to $5.4 billion. Focusing on irrigation projects, 1983 saw construction start on "Gaddafi's Pet Project", the Great Man-Made River; although designed to be finished by the end of the dec... | In what year did the Libyan military pull out of Chad at the behest of the OAU? | {'text': '1981', 'answer_start': 825} |
54,305 | 53,963 | 5726f540f1498d1400e8f0f9 | generic | The initial assault by North Korean KPA forces were aided by the use of Soviet T-34-85 tanks. A North Korean tank corps equipped with about 120 T-34s spearheaded the invasion. These drove against a ROK Army with few anti-tank weapons adequate to deal with the Soviet T-34s. Additional Soviet armor was added as the offen... | What actions of the UN also helped them improve their results during the war? | {'text': 'the UN forces brought heavier equipment', 'answer_start': 796} |
108,801 | 108,459 | 572f1c7da23a5019007fc492 | generic | Santa Monica was long inhabited by the Tongva people. Santa Monica was called Kecheek in the Tongva language. The first non-indigenous group to set foot in the area was the party of explorer Gaspar de Portolà, who camped near the present day intersection of Barrington and Ohio Avenues on August 3, 1769. There are two d... | What was the local population called indigenous to the Santa Monica Area? | {'text': 'Tongva', 'answer_start': 39} |
65,811 | 65,469 | 5a21dc2f8a6e4f001aa08fb1 | generic | A pair of overlapping political perspectives arising toward the end of the 20th century are republicanism (or neo- or civic-republicanism) and the capability approach. The resurgent republican movement aims to provide an alternate definition of liberty from Isaiah Berlin's positive and negative forms of liberty, namely... | How do both political perspectives treat arbitrary will? | {'text': 'something which must be resourced', 'answer_start': 1067} |
116,355 | 116,013 | 5a56991a6349e2001acdce73 | generic | In 2004, the Swaziland government acknowledged for the first time that it suffered an AIDS crisis, with 38.8% of tested pregnant women infected with HIV (see AIDS in Africa). The then Prime Minister Themba Dlamini declared a humanitarian crisis due to the combined effect of drought, land degradation, increased poverty,... | What percentage of women have HIV? | {'text': '38.8%', 'answer_start': 104} |
15,257 | 14,915 | 56e03125231d4119001abfad | generic | The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with the public after the commercial success of Maus, Watchmen, and The Dark Knight Returns in the mid-1980s. In the 21st century graphic novels beca... | What decade did the term "graphic novel" become well known by the public? | {'text': '1980s', 'answer_start': 274} |
85,098 | 84,756 | 57280e8c2ca10214002d9cd1 | generic | Time appears to have a direction—the past lies behind, fixed and immutable, while the future lies ahead and is not necessarily fixed. Yet for the most part the laws of physics do not specify an arrow of time, and allow any process to proceed both forward and in reverse. This is generally a consequence of time being mod... | The violation of what implies that there should be a small counterbalancing time asymmetry? | {'text': 'CP symmetry', 'answer_start': 806} |
53,618 | 53,276 | 5a0cf15cf5590b0018dab684 | generic | Humans have shown extreme inventiveness in devising clothing solutions to environmental hazards. Examples include: space suits, air conditioned clothing, armor, diving suits, swimsuits, bee-keeper gear, motorcycle leathers, high-visibility clothing, and other pieces of protective clothing. Meanwhile, the distinction be... | What do social norms not require of clothes? | {'text': 'They cover parts of the body', 'answer_start': 573} |
33,177 | 32,835 | 5a57ab82770dc0001aeefcc7 | generic | Jewish historians also note that certain customs of today's Orthodox are not continuations of past practice, but instead represent innovations that would have been unknown to prior generations. For example, the now-widespread haredi tradition of cutting a boy's hair for the first time on his third birthday (upshirin or... | What is the Arabic word for haircut? | {'text': 'upshirin or upsheerin', 'answer_start': 309} |
33,692 | 33,350 | 5acd147407355d001abf33b1 | generic | Beer is the world's most widely consumed and likely the oldest alcoholic beverage; it is the third most popular drink overall, after water and tea. The production of beer is called brewing, which involves the fermentation of starches, mainly derived from cereal grains—most commonly malted barley, although wheat, maize ... | What is the prayer in the Code of Hammurabi? | {'text': 'The Hymn to Ninkasi', 'answer_start': 832} |
120,262 | 119,920 | 573120b505b4da19006bcdd9 | generic | The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the descendants of the pre-Columbian inhabitants of the Americas. Pueblos indígenas (indigenous peoples) is a common term in Spanish-speaking countries. Aborigen (aboriginal/native) is used in Argentina, whereas "Amerindian" is used in Quebec, The Guianas, and the English-spea... | In Quebec, The Guianas and places in the Caribbean where English is spoken, what is the preferred term for the indigenous people of the Americas? | {'text': 'Amerindian', 'answer_start': 256} |
47,159 | 46,817 | 571a35774faf5e1900b8a926 | generic | The main mode of transportation, however, relies on Seattle's streets, which are laid out in a cardinal directions grid pattern, except in the central business district where early city leaders Arthur Denny and Carson Boren insisted on orienting their plats relative to the shoreline rather than to true North. Only two ... | What is planned to replace the Alaska Way Viaduct? | {'text': 'tunnel', 'answer_start': 649} |
37,536 | 37,194 | 59d29e6e2763a6001828411c | generic | With the arrival of Francisco Vázquez de Coronado, a Spanish conquistador, the first recorded history of encounter between Europeans and Native Americans in the Great Plains occurred in Texas, Kansas and Nebraska from 1540-1542. In that same time period, Hernando de Soto crossed a west-northwest direction in what is no... | What nationality was Hernando de Soto? | {'text': 'Spanish', 'answer_start': 388} |
52,951 | 52,609 | 5ad18ef3645df0001a2d1f3d | generic | Although inefficient, incandescent light bulbs have an advantage in applications where accurate color reproduction is important, since the continuous blackbody spectrum emitted from an incandescent light-bulb filament yields near-perfect color rendition, with a color rendering index of 100 (the best possible). White-ba... | Whose coloring rendering index is 109? | {'text': 'incandescent light', 'answer_start': 185} |
43,549 | 43,207 | 5ad0c01e645df0001a2d01bf | generic | In the 1950s, the Ethiopian feudal administration under Emperor Haile Selassie sought to annex Eritrea and Italian Somaliland. He laid claim to both territories in a letter to Franklin D. Roosevelt at the Paris Peace Conference and at the First Session of the United Nations. In the United Nations, the debate over the f... | In what city was the First Session of the United Nations held? | {'text': 'Paris', 'answer_start': 205} |
72,876 | 72,534 | 57270f27708984140094d92c | generic | In 15–20% of active cases, the infection spreads outside the lungs, causing other kinds of TB. These are collectively denoted as "extrapulmonary tuberculosis". Extrapulmonary TB occurs more commonly in immunosuppressed persons and young children. In those with HIV, this occurs in more than 50% of cases. Notable extrapu... | If TB infection spreads to the central nervous system, what is it called? | {'text': 'tuberculous meningitis', 'answer_start': 421} |
57,653 | 57,311 | 57295848af94a219006aa2f3 | generic | In the field of music, Germany claims some of the most renowned classical composers of the world including Bach, Mozart and Beethoven, who marked the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in Western classical music. Other composers of the Austro-German tradition who achieved international fame include Brah... | Who marked the switch from classical to romantic eras in classical music? | {'text': 'Beethoven', 'answer_start': 124} |
67,072 | 66,730 | 5726c4fbdd62a815002e8fe6 | generic | In 1976 Montini became the first pontiff in modern history to deny the accusation of homosexuality. Published by his order in January 1976 was a homily Persona Humana: Declaration on Certain Questions concerning Sexual Ethics, which outlawed pre or extra-marital sex, condemned homosexuality, and forbade masturbation. I... | On what date did Montini publicly address charges of homosexuality? | {'text': 'April 18', 'answer_start': 964} |
39,785 | 39,443 | 570e57e50dc6ce1900204f6b | generic | In response to attribution of recent climate change, the City of Melbourne, in 2002, set a target to reduce carbon emissions to net zero by 2020 and Moreland City Council established the Zero Moreland program, however not all metropolitan municipalities have followed, with the City of Glen Eira notably deciding in 2009... | In what year did Melbourne set a target to reduce carbon emissions to net zero? | {'text': '2002', 'answer_start': 79} |
92,900 | 92,558 | 5728fb8a6aef051400154940 | generic | In the same war, the Prussian Edward Schnell served the Aizu domain as a military instructor and procurer of weapons. He was granted the Japanese name Hiramatsu Buhei (平松武兵衛), which inverted the characters of the daimyo's name Matsudaira. Hiramatsu (Schnell) was given the right to wear swords, as well as a residence in... | Where did Edward Schnell live? | {'text': 'Wakamatsu', 'answer_start': 340} |
46,719 | 46,377 | 571aac8a4faf5e1900b8abfd | generic | With characteristic energy he set to work to re-establish the somewhat shattered fortunes of the orthodox party and to purge the theological atmosphere of uncertainty. To clear up the misunderstandings that had arisen in the course of the previous years, an attempt was made to determine still further the significance o... | What position did Ecdicius hold? | {'text': 'Prefect of Egypt', 'answer_start': 513} |
57,476 | 57,134 | 5a63abd47f3c80001a150b04 | generic | The migration-period peoples who later coalesced into a "German" ethnicity were the Germanic tribes of the Saxons, Franci, Thuringii, Alamanni and Bavarii. These five tribes, sometimes with inclusion of the Frisians, are considered as the major groups to take part in the formation of the Germans. The varieties of the G... | Where did Slavonic tries migrate to from Eastern Germany? | {'text': 'former areas of the Roman Empire', 'answer_start': 884} |
90,797 | 90,455 | 5728ac45ff5b5019007da43a | generic | Prior to the Golden Age of Mandolins, France had a history with the mandolin, with mandolinists playing in Paris until the Napoleonic Wars. The players, teachers and composers included Giovanni Fouchetti, Eduardo Mezzacapo, Gabriele Leon, and Gervasio. During the Golden age itself (1880s-1920s), the mandolin had a stro... | What years was considered the Golden Age of Mandolins? | {'text': '1880s-1920s', 'answer_start': 283} |
84,602 | 84,260 | 5a60f7f5e9e1cc001a33cde1 | generic | Pope John XXIII did not live to see the Vatican Council to completion. He died of stomach cancer on 3 June 1963, four and a half years after his election and two months after the completion of his final and famed encyclical, Pacem in terris. He was buried in the Vatican grottoes beneath Saint Peter's Basilica on 6 June... | What illness did Pope Francis die of? | {'text': 'stomach cancer', 'answer_start': 82} |
70,851 | 70,509 | 5726ed805951b619008f8293 | generic | With the majority of Nigeria's populace in the rural areas, the major languages of communication in the country remain indigenous languages. Some of the largest of these, notably Yoruba and Igbo, have derived standardised languages from a number of different dialects and are widely spoken by those ethnic groups. Nigeri... | What type of region does a majority of Nigerians live in? | {'text': 'rural', 'answer_start': 47} |
93,686 | 93,344 | 57291ce0af94a219006aa089 | generic | First recognized in 1900 by Max Planck, it was originally the proportionality constant between the minimal increment of energy, E, of a hypothetical electrically charged oscillator in a cavity that contained black body radiation, and the frequency, f, of its associated electromagnetic wave. In 1905 the value E, the min... | What is energy abbreviated to in science? | {'text': 'E', 'answer_start': 128} |
112,031 | 111,689 | 5733f72d4776f419006615d9 | generic | Stadium attendances are a significant source of regular income for Premier League clubs. For the 2009–10 season, average attendances across the league clubs were 34,215 for Premier League matches with a total aggregate attendance figure of 13,001,616. This represents an increase of 13,089 from the average attendance of... | What was the average attendance for all Premier League clubs during the 2009-10 season? | {'text': '34,215', 'answer_start': 162} |
76,517 | 76,175 | 572772c2f1498d1400e8f866 | generic | Once at Golgotha, Jesus was offered wine mixed with gall to drink. Matthew's and Mark's Gospels record that he refused this. He was then crucified and hung between two convicted thieves. According to some translations from the original Greek, the thieves may have been bandits or Jewish rebels. According to Mark's Gospe... | What was Jesus offered to drink after his arrest? | {'text': 'wine mixed with gall', 'answer_start': 36} |
112,526 | 112,184 | 57305d5e396df919000960b8 | generic | The city of Rome had a place called the Campus Martius ("Field of Mars"), which was a sort of drill ground for Roman soldiers. Later, the Campus became Rome's track and field playground. In the campus, the youth assembled to play and exercise, which included jumping, wrestling, boxing and racing.[citation needed] Eques... | What is the Roman board game Tabula a precursor to? | {'text': 'backgammon', 'answer_start': 691} |
108,657 | 108,315 | 572f8cdcb2c2fd14005681eb | generic | North of central Hyderabad lie Hussain Sagar, Tank Bund Road, Rani Gunj and the Secunderabad Railway Station. Most of the city's parks and recreational centres, such as Sanjeevaiah Park, Indira Park, Lumbini Park, NTR Gardens, the Buddha statue and Tankbund Park are located here. In the northwest part of the city there... | Where in Hyderabad would one find defence centres? | {'text': 'the eastern part', 'answer_start': 608} |
77,208 | 76,866 | 57279f9f3acd2414000de826 | generic | Cladistics is a technique borrowed from biology, where it was originally named phylogenetic systematics by Willi Hennig. In biology, the technique is used to determine the evolutionary relationships between different species. In its application in textual criticism, the text of a number of different manuscripts is ente... | How is evolution applied to textual criticism? | {'text': 'manuscripts are then grouped according to their shared characteristics', 'answer_start': 393} |
104,624 | 104,282 | 5730261da23a5019007fce71 | generic | Clinton returned in 1780 with 14,000 soldiers. American General Benjamin Lincoln was trapped and surrendered his entire 5,400-man force after a long fight, and the Siege of Charles Towne was the greatest American defeat of the war. Several Americans who escaped the carnage joined other militias, including those of Fran... | How many soldiers did General Lincoln lead? | {'text': '5,400', 'answer_start': 120} |
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