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120,725 | 120,383 | 57313cc0a5e9cc1400cdbd81 | generic | In modern color theory, also known as the RGB color model, red, green and blue are additive primary colors. Red, green and blue light combined together makes white light, and these three colors, combined in different mixtures, can produce nearly any other color. This is the principle that is used to make all of the col... | The RGB color model has three colors in it that are described as what kind of colors? | {'text': 'additive primary colors', 'answer_start': 83} |
49,003 | 48,661 | 5acfb96c77cf76001a685a96 | generic | However many early history books like the Islamic Conquest of Syria Fatuhusham by al-Imam al-Waqidi state that after the conversion to Islam Muawiyah's father Abu Sufyan ibn Harb and his brothers Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan were appointed as commanders in the Muslim armies by Muhammad. Muawiyah, Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, Yazid ibn... | Who appointed Muhammad as a commander? | {'text': 'Abu Sufyan ibn Harb', 'answer_start': 159} |
482 | 140 | 56be91b23aeaaa14008c90f2 | generic | In November 2003, she embarked on the Dangerously in Love Tour in Europe and later toured alongside Missy Elliott and Alicia Keys for the Verizon Ladies First Tour in North America. On February 1, 2004, Beyoncé performed the American national anthem at Super Bowl XXXVIII, at the Reliant Stadium in Houston, Texas. After... | Destiny's Child got a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in what year? | {'text': '2006', 'answer_start': 1212} |
19,325 | 18,983 | 56e762fb37bdd419002c3f23 | generic | Retailers, sporting goods makers, and other businesses benefit from extra afternoon sunlight, as it induces customers to shop and to participate in outdoor afternoon sports. In 1984, Fortune magazine estimated that a seven-week extension of DST would yield an additional $30 million for 7-Eleven stores, and the National... | What category of goods that are used in outdoor activities benefit from the extra hour of daylight from DST? | {'text': 'sporting goods', 'answer_start': 11} |
13,561 | 13,219 | 5acd541e07355d001abf3d63 | generic | It is easy for Western-educated scholars to fall into the trap of viewing hunter-gatherer social and sexual arrangements in the light of Western values.[editorializing] One common arrangement is the sexual division of labour, with women doing most of the gathering, while men concentrate on big game hunting. It might be... | It is easy to view what arrangements in the light of Eastern values? | {'text': 'social and sexual', 'answer_start': 90} |
57,582 | 57,240 | 572696a1708984140094cb07 | generic | After World War II, eastern European countries such as the Soviet Union, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania and Yugoslavia expelled the Germans from their territories. Many of those had inhabited these lands for centuries, developing a unique culture. Germans were also forced to leave the former eastern territori... | With the conclusion of World War 2 what did most Eastern Europe countries do with their German citizens? | {'text': 'expelled the Germans', 'answer_start': 129} |
70,023 | 69,681 | 5aceab9232bba1001ae4afb4 | generic | In modern Iran, he is considered a national icon, and is often regarded as one of the greatest Persians to have ever lived. A monument was erected outside the Bukhara museum[year needed]. The Avicenna Mausoleum and Museum in Hamadan was built in 1952. Bu-Ali Sina University in Hamadan (Iran), Avicenna Research Institut... | In what European hospital does Avicenna's portrait hang in their hall of medicine? | {'text': 'Avicenna', 'answer_start': 815} |
57,107 | 56,765 | 57267f2af1498d1400e8e1b6 | generic | After a decade of constant warfare, France and Britain signed the Treaty of Amiens in March 1802, bringing the Revolutionary Wars to an end. Amiens called for the withdrawal of British troops from recently conquered colonial territories as well as for assurances to curtail the expansionary goals of the French Republic.... | What 1802 treaty between Britain and France ended the Revolutionary Wars? | {'text': 'the Treaty of Amiens', 'answer_start': 62} |
75,102 | 74,760 | 5727e0212ca10214002d9892 | generic | Shared doctrines would include beliefs about one God; the virgin birth; miracles; atonement for sins through the death, burial, and bodily resurrection of Jesus; the Trinity; the need for salvation (through belief in Jesus Christ as the son of God, his death and resurrection, and confession of Christ as Lord); grace; t... | When was the Philadelphia Baptist Confession created? | {'text': '1742', 'answer_start': 652} |
103,347 | 103,005 | 572ed00ac246551400ce46cf | generic | When power is lost in a traction elevator system, all elevators will initially come to a halt. One by one, each car in the group will return to the lobby floor, open its doors and shut down. People in the remaining elevators may see an indicator light or hear a voice announcement informing them that the elevator will r... | How are the selected cars then readied for passengers? | {'text': 'The car(s) selected to run under emergency power can be manually overridden by a key or strip switch in the lobby', 'answer_start': 521} |
73,798 | 73,456 | 5a8ca838fd22b3001a8d8cde | generic | Almost 60 years later, 80 year old career criminal Henry (Harry) James Burge claimed to have committed the theft, confessing to a newspaper, with the story being published in the Sunday Pictorial newspaper on 23 February 1958. He claimed to have carried out the robbery with two other men, although when discrepancies wi... | What crime did Burge commit that he spent 42 years in prison for? | {'text': 'forgery', 'answer_start': 871} |
90,771 | 90,429 | 5ad21357d7d075001a42833f | generic | Phil Skinner played a key role in 20th century development of the mandolin movement in Australia, and was awarded an MBE in 1979 for services to music and the community. He was born Harry Skinner in Sydney in 1903 and started learning music at age 10 when his uncle tutored him on the banjo. Skinner began teaching part-... | What was Phil Skinner's married name? | {'text': 'Harry Skinner', 'answer_start': 182} |
118,071 | 117,729 | 5730bc432461fd1900a9d021 | generic | Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour. When defining the dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime. He stated that Mary, rather than being cleansed after sin, was completely prevented from contracting... | What did Mary supposedly not require that everyone else also required and why was this so ? | {'text': 'Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour', 'answer_start': 0} |
43,849 | 43,507 | 570e48100b85d914000d7de9 | generic | Uranium metal heated to 250 to 300 °C (482 to 572 °F) reacts with hydrogen to form uranium hydride. Even higher temperatures will reversibly remove the hydrogen. This property makes uranium hydrides convenient starting materials to create reactive uranium powder along with various uranium carbide, nitride, and halide c... | How many crystal modifications of uranium hydride are extant? | {'text': 'Two', 'answer_start': 330} |
35,978 | 35,636 | 570b0045ec8fbc190045b7d2 | generic | The county was established in 1182, later than many other counties. During Roman times the area was part of the Brigantes tribal area in the military zone of Roman Britain. The towns of Manchester, Lancaster, Ribchester, Burrow, Elslack and Castleshaw grew around Roman forts. In the centuries after the Roman withdrawal... | When was the area incorporated into Northumbria? | {'text': 'mid-8th century', 'answer_start': 474} |
69,403 | 69,061 | 5a7e3c5c70df9f001a8755f5 | generic | “The roots of all our modern academic fields can be found within the pages of literature.” Literature in all its forms can be seen as written records, whether the literature itself be factual or fictional, it is still quite possible to decipher facts through things like characters’ actions and words or the authors’ st... | Who does Lord Bryon talk about besides the Greek and Spanish in "Childe Harold's Pilgrimige: Canto I?" | {'text': 'the French', 'answer_start': 1394} |
125,226 | 124,884 | 573250460fdd8d15006c6974 | generic | Jonas Bronck (c. 1600–43) was a Swedish born emigrant from Komstad, Norra Ljunga parish in Småland, Sweden who arrived in New Netherland during the spring of 1639. He became the first recorded European settler in the area now known as the Bronx. He leased land from the Dutch West India Company on the neck of the mainla... | What entity did Bronck get his land from? | {'text': 'the Dutch West India Company', 'answer_start': 266} |
29,966 | 29,624 | 5706d97a2eaba6190074ad40 | generic | Caesars Entertainment executives have been reconsidering the future of their three remaining Atlantic City properties (Bally's, Caesars and Harrah's), in the wake of a Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing by the company's casino operating unit in January 2015. | How many remaining properties belong to Caesars Entertainment? | {'text': 'three', 'answer_start': 77} |
104,422 | 104,080 | 572edab303f9891900756a8d | generic | Calvin Veltman undertook, for the National Center for Education Statistics and for the Hispanic Policy Development Project, the most complete study of English language adoption by Hispanophone immigrants. Mr Veltman's language shift studies document high bilingualism rates and subsequent adoption of English as the pref... | What was Calvin Veltman' findings? | {'text': 'high bilingualism rates and subsequent adoption of English as the preferred language of Hispanics, particularly by the young and the native-born.', 'answer_start': 250} |
78,756 | 78,414 | 5ad24a73d7d075001a428bc3 | generic | Dominic's education at Palencia gave him the knowledge he needed to overcome the Manicheans. With charity, the other concept that most defines the work and spirituality of the order, study became the method most used by the Dominicans in working to defend the Church against the perils that hounded it, and also of enlar... | What did the city of Palencia not give Dominic? | {'text': 'the knowledge he needed to overcome the Manicheans', 'answer_start': 41} |
70,129 | 69,787 | 5726dd13f1498d1400e8edb9 | generic | While new characters can be easily coined by writing on paper, they are difficult to represent on a computer – they must generally be represented as a picture, rather than as text – which presents a significant barrier to their use or widespread adoption. Compare this with the use of symbols as names in 20th century mu... | What can be difficult to represent on a computer? | {'text': 'characters', 'answer_start': 10} |
37,699 | 37,357 | 5a07e4543fc874001820702f | generic | Infrared tracking, also known as infrared homing, refers to a passive missile guidance system, which uses the emission from a target of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared part of the spectrum to track it. Missiles that use infrared seeking are often referred to as "heat-seekers", since infrared (IR) is just belo... | What term means to generate heat and is especially visible in infrared wavelengths of light? | {'text': 'heat-seekers', 'answer_start': 273} |
21,808 | 21,466 | 5ad3f9b9604f3c001a3ffacd | generic | From the Middle Ages, aristocrats were buried inside chapels, while monks and other people associated with the abbey were buried in the cloisters and other areas. One of these was Geoffrey Chaucer, who was buried here as he had apartments in the abbey where he was employed as master of the King's Works. Other poets, wr... | Where were aristocrats buried from the Later Ages? | {'text': 'inside chapels', 'answer_start': 46} |
24,694 | 24,352 | 56f8a4a59e9bad19000a0249 | generic | The legend of Virgil in his Basket arose in the Middle Ages, and is often seen in art and mentioned in literature as part of the Power of Women literary topos, demonstrating the disruptive force of female attractiveness on men. In this story Virgil became enamoured of a beautiful woman, sometimes described as the emper... | During which time period did the legend of Virgil in his Basket arise? | {'text': 'Middle Ages', 'answer_start': 48} |
79,699 | 79,357 | 5727cbac4b864d1900163d3d | generic | The city is also home to the Heineken Brewery that brews Murphy's Irish Stout and the nearby Beamish and Crawford brewery (taken over by Heineken in 2008) which have been in the city for generations. 45% of the world's Tic Tac sweets are manufactured at the city's Ferrero factory. For many years, Cork was the home to F... | What online retail giant has operations at the Cork Airport Business Park? | {'text': 'Amazon.com', 'answer_start': 708} |
15,083 | 14,741 | 5a10e82f06e79900185c3467 | generic | ISPs may engage in peering, where multiple ISPs interconnect at peering points or Internet exchange points (IXs), allowing routing of data between each network, without charging one another for the data transmitted—data that would otherwise have passed through a third upstream ISP, incurring charges from the upstream I... | What would've been incurred by data passing through a third upstream ISP? | {'text': 'charges from the upstream ISP.', 'answer_start': 293} |
75,390 | 75,048 | 5727a440ff5b5019007d91b9 | generic | According to Milton Friedman, before the Industrial Revolution virtually all children worked in agriculture. During the Industrial Revolution many of these children moved from farm work to factory work. Over time, as real wages rose, parents became able to afford to send their children to school instead of work and as ... | How many children worked? | {'text': 'virtually all', 'answer_start': 63} |
66,005 | 65,663 | 5726bf09f1498d1400e8e9fe | generic | In 1906, precipitation hardening alloys were discovered by Alfred Wilm. Precipitation hardening alloys, such as certain alloys of aluminium, titanium, and copper, are heat-treatable alloys that soften when quenched (cooled quickly), and then harden over time. After quenching a ternary alloy of aluminium, copper, and ma... | What was used in the construction of modern aircraft? | {'text': 'duralumin', 'answer_start': 492} |
79,006 | 78,664 | 5ad2650ed7d075001a429192 | generic | As heirs of the Dominican priory of Poissy in France, the Dartford sisters were also heirs to a tradition of profound learning and piety. Sections of translations of spiritual writings in Dartford's library, such as Suso's Little Book of Eternal Wisdom and Laurent du Bois' Somme le Roi, show that the "ghoostli" link to... | What were the French nuns proud of? | {'text': 'this heritage', 'answer_start': 541} |
17,082 | 16,740 | 56e1b743cd28a01900c67ab7 | generic | Investment in the telecom industry is held to be one of the clearest signs that Somalia's economy has continued to develop. The sector provides key communication services, and in the process facilitates job creation and income generation. | What sector provides key communication services? | {'text': 'telecom', 'answer_start': 18} |
108,528 | 108,186 | 5a3aefb33ff257001ab84340 | generic | Traditionally, the flowering plants are divided into two groups, which in the Cronquist system are called Magnoliopsida (at the rank of class, formed from the family name Magnoliaceae) and Liliopsida (at the rank of class, formed from the family name Liliaceae). Other descriptive names allowed by Article 16 of the ICBN... | How many groups are flowering plants divided into in the English system? | {'text': 'two', 'answer_start': 53} |
54,618 | 54,276 | 5726db83708984140094d3c6 | generic | Some copyright owners voluntarily reduce the scope of what is considered infringement by employing relatively permissive, "open" licensing strategies: rather than privately negotiating license terms with individual users who must first seek out the copyright owner and ask for permission, the copyright owner publishes a... | What must a user do under a prepared license? | {'text': 'adhere to certain conditions', 'answer_start': 405} |
118,807 | 118,465 | 5730f2a1497a881900248a85 | generic | The Russian alphabet has many systems of character encoding. KOI8-R was designed by the Soviet government and was intended to serve as the standard encoding. This encoding was and still is widely used in UNIX-like operating systems. Nevertheless, the spread of MS-DOS and OS/2 (IBM866), traditional Macintosh (ISO/IEC 88... | Who created KOI8-R encoding? | {'text': 'the Soviet government', 'answer_start': 84} |
123,309 | 122,967 | 573263bde17f3d140042293f | generic | A Protestant baptism is held to be valid by the Catholic Church if given with the trinitarian formula and with the intent to baptize. However, as the ordination of Protestant ministers is not recognized due to the lack of apostolic succession and the disunity from Catholic Church, all other sacraments (except marriage)... | Who can become ordained to the Catholic priesthood after a period of study? | {'text': 'Protestant ministers who become Catholics', 'answer_start': 528} |
51,123 | 50,781 | 5725cb5eec44d21400f3d5ab | generic | Philip V, who came to power when Doson died in 221 BC, was the last Macedonian ruler with both the talent and the opportunity to unite Greece and preserve its independence against the "cloud rising in the west": the ever-increasing power of Rome. He was known as "the darling of Hellas". Under his auspices the Peace of ... | When did Doson die? | {'text': '221 BC', 'answer_start': 47} |
23,040 | 22,698 | 56f87420a6d7ea1400e17668 | generic | Southampton as a Port and city has had a long history of administrative independence of the surrounding County; as far back as the reign of King John the town and its port were removed from the writ of the King's Sheriff in Hampshire and the rights of custom and toll were granted by the King to the burgesses of Southam... | Under what king was a charter granted in 1446/7 that separated Southampton and Portsmouth from Hampshire? | {'text': 'Henry VI', 'answer_start': 719} |
95,454 | 95,112 | 572a37e41d04691400779857 | generic | Beginning in 2005, the CBC has contributed production funds for the BBC Wales revival of Doctor Who, for which it received a special credit at the end of each episode. This arrangement continued until the end of fourth season, broadcast in 2008. The CBC similarly contributed to the first season of the spin-off series, ... | Which Doctor Who spinoff did CBC contribute to? | {'text': 'Torchwood', 'answer_start': 320} |
75,537 | 75,195 | 5727871b708984140094e002 | generic | Most of the English colonists had arrived as indentured servants, hiring themselves out as laborers for a fixed period to pay for their passage. In the early years the line between indentured servants and African slaves or laborers was fluid. Some Africans were allowed to earn their freedom before slavery became a life... | Indentured servants were similar to what people in the early days? | {'text': 'African slaves', 'answer_start': 205} |
71,606 | 71,264 | 572700fe708984140094d83a | generic | The maximum energy is a function of dielectric volume, permittivity, and dielectric strength. Changing the plate area and the separation between the plates while maintaining the same volume causes no change of the maximum amount of energy that the capacitor can store, so long as the distance between plates remains much... | If the plate area and separation distance are altered while keeping the amount of dielectric the same, what effect is had on the maximum energy of the capacitor? | {'text': 'no change of the maximum amount of energy', 'answer_start': 197} |
128,788 | 128,446 | 5733f899d058e614000b66c8 | generic | The capital and largest city is Lahore which was the historical capital of the wider Punjab region. Other important cities include Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Gujranwala, Sargodha, Multan, Sialkot, Bahawalpur, Gujrat, Sheikhupura, Jhelum and Sahiwal. Undivided Punjab is home to six rivers, of which five flow through Pakist... | What is the easternmost river in Punjab? | {'text': 'Sutlej', 'answer_start': 404} |
32,756 | 32,414 | 5a5cb75b5e8782001a9d5d70 | generic | Computer security, also known as cybersecurity or IT security, is the protection of information systems from theft or damage to the hardware, the software, and to the information on them, as well as from disruption or misdirection of the services they provide. It includes controlling physical access to the hardware, as... | What does computer security misdirect? | {'text': 'services', 'answer_start': 238} |
57,374 | 57,032 | 5726ebd5708984140094d608 | generic | Napoleon's educational reforms laid the foundation of a modern system of education in France and throughout much of Europe. Napoleon synthesized the best academic elements from the Ancien Régime, The Enlightenment, and the Revolution, with the aim of establishing a stable, well-educated and prosperous society. He made ... | What is the name for the state secondary schools begun by Napoleon that were intended to standardize education across France? | {'text': 'lycées', 'answer_start': 528} |
58,381 | 58,039 | 5ad09e5a645df0001a2cff70 | generic | All the major British cities had flourishing department stores by the mid-or late nineteenth century. Increasingly, women became the major shoppers and middle-class households. Kendals (formerly Kendal Milne & Faulkner) in Manchester lays claim to being one of the first department stores and is still known to many of i... | Who acquired the Manchester store in 1991? | {'text': 'Harrods', 'answer_start': 810} |
90,701 | 90,359 | 5728a6062ca10214002da524 | generic | Another family of bowlback mandolins came from Milan and Lombardy. These mandolins are closer to the mandolino or mandore than other modern mandolins. They are shorter and wider than the standard Neapolitan mandolin, with a shallow back. The instruments have 6 strings, 3 wire treble-strings and 3 gut or wire-wrapped-si... | Who was the developer of the Milanese mandolin? | {'text': 'Antonio Monzino', 'answer_start': 528} |
1,139 | 797 | 56ce0f42aab44d1400b88421 | generic | All of Chopin's compositions include the piano. Most are for solo piano, though he also wrote two piano concertos, a few chamber pieces, and some songs to Polish lyrics. His keyboard style is highly individual and often technically demanding; his own performances were noted for their nuance and sensitivity. Chopin inve... | What three composers influenced Chopin's work? | {'text': 'J. S. Bach, Mozart and Schubert', 'answer_start': 620} |
70,536 | 70,194 | 5ad419a1604f3c001a400472 | generic | This is a socio-economic bloc of nations in or near the Caribbean Sea. Other outlying member states include the Co-operative Republic of Guyana and the Republic of Suriname in South America, along with Belize in Central America. The Turks and Caicos Islands, an associate member of CARICOM, and the Commonwealth of The B... | What did Bermuda join to strengthen their economy? | {'text': 'CARICOM', 'answer_start': 629} |
13,865 | 13,523 | 5a299b0303c0e7001a3e1835 | generic | Rep. Christopher H. Smith (R-NJ), criticized the State Department investigation, saying the investigators were shown "Potemkin Villages" where residents had been intimidated into lying about the family-planning program. Dr. Nafis Sadik, former director of UNFPA said her agency had been pivotal in reversing China's coer... | What sort of techniques did the State Department conclude were never employed by China? | {'text': 'coercive techniques', 'answer_start': 467} |
53,589 | 53,247 | 5a0cee05f5590b0018dab668 | generic | The most obvious function of clothing is to improve the comfort of the wearer, by protecting the wearer from the elements. In hot climates, clothing provides protection from sunburn or wind damage, while in cold climates its thermal insulation properties are generally more important. Shelter usually reduces the functio... | What usually increases the functional need for clothing? | {'text': 'Shelter', 'answer_start': 285} |
63,864 | 63,522 | 5ad3d398604f3c001a3ff28d | generic | The Revolutionary War soldier Nathan Hale (Yale 1773) was the prototype of the Yale ideal in the early 19th century: a manly yet aristocratic scholar, equally well-versed in knowledge and sports, and a patriot who "regretted" that he "had but one life to lose" for his country. Western painter Frederic Remington (Yale 1... | What were the obbjects of Frederic Remington's paintings? | {'text': 'heroes gloried in combat and tests of strength in the Wild West', 'answer_start': 345} |
122,335 | 121,993 | 5ace1d3b32bba1001ae49b0f | generic | All YouTube users can upload videos up to 15 minutes each in duration. Users who have a good track record of complying with the site's Community Guidelines may be offered the ability to upload videos up to 12 hours in length, which requires verifying the account, normally through a mobile phone. When YouTube was launch... | Who can upload videos of 12 minutes in duration? | {'text': 'All YouTube users', 'answer_start': 0} |
49,845 | 49,503 | 57264f47f1498d1400e8dbbb | generic | After the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British East India Company, which had ruled much of India, was dissolved, and Britain's possessions and protectorates on the Indian subcontinent were formally incorporated into the British Empire. The Queen had a relatively balanced view of the conflict, and condemned atrocities ... | How did the Queen view the Indian Rebellion? | {'text': 'relatively balanced view of the conflict, and condemned atrocities on both sides', 'answer_start': 253} |
8,596 | 8,254 | 5acfb29077cf76001a685940 | generic | Walpole always denied that he was "prime minister", and throughout the 18th century parliamentarians and legal scholars continued to deny that any such position was known to the Constitution. George II and George III made strenuous efforts to reclaim the personal power of the monarch, but the increasing complexity and ... | Who tried to prove the exitence of the Prime Minister? | {'text': 'legal scholars', 'answer_start': 105} |
65,194 | 64,852 | 5ad0f8b2645df0001a2d0916 | generic | The distinctive characteristic of Italian Gothic is the use of polychrome decoration, both externally as marble veneer on the brick façade and also internally where the arches are often made of alternating black and white segments, and where the columns may be painted red, the walls decorated with frescoes and the apse... | What type of arches do they never use in Venice? | {'text': 'flamboyant arches', 'answer_start': 581} |
51,152 | 50,810 | 5725d04f89a1e219009abf34 | generic | Greeks in pre-Roman Gaul were mostly limited to the Mediterranean coast of Provence. The first Greek colony in the region was Massalia, which became one of the largest trading ports of Mediterranean by the 4th century BCE with 6,000 inhabitants. Massalia was also the local hegemon, controlling various coastal Greek cit... | When did Massalia side with Pompey? | {'text': '49 BCE', 'answer_start': 1045} |
58,747 | 58,405 | 5a15745fa54d420018529440 | generic | The term can be found used in an October 1845 Massachusetts Circuit Court ruling in the patent case Davoll et al. v. Brown., in which Justice Charles L. Woodbury wrote that "only in this way can we protect intellectual property, the labors of the mind, productions and interests are as much a man's own...as the wheat he... | Who ruled on the 1846 patent case? | {'text': 'Massachusetts Circuit Court', 'answer_start': 46} |
129,992 | 129,650 | 5ace9e1232bba1001ae4ad2f | generic | A scientific study in the journal, Biological Conservation, states that trophy hunting is of "major importance to conservation in Africa by creating economic incentives for conservation over vast areas, including areas which may be unsuitable for alternative wildlife-based land uses such as photographic ecotourism." Ho... | What percentage of people read the journal Biological Conservation each year? | {'text': '3%', 'answer_start': 363} |
50,289 | 49,947 | 57241ed90a492a1900435618 | generic | Since the middle of the 19th century, Masonic historians have sought the origins of the movement in a series of similar documents known as the Old Charges, dating from the Regius Poem in about 1425 to the beginning of the 18th century. Alluding to the membership of a lodge of operative masons, they relate a mythologise... | When did ceremonial regalia first appear in the Masonic culture? | {'text': 'The fifteenth century', 'answer_start': 440} |
66,862 | 66,520 | 5a628da1f8d794001af1c0d3 | generic | Some Samoans are spiritual and religious, and have subtly adapted the dominant religion of Christianity to 'fit in' with fa'a Samoa and vice versa. As such, ancient beliefs continue to co-exist side-by-side with Christianity, particularly in regard to the traditional customs and rituals of fa'a Samoa. The Samoan cultur... | What is the practice of Christianity based on? | {'text': 'respect', 'answer_start': 436} |
109,192 | 108,850 | 5ace28e732bba1001ae49c19 | generic | Founded as the School of Commerce and Finance in 1917, the Olin Business School was named after entrepreneur John M. Olin in 1988. The school's academic programs include BSBA, MBA, Professional MBA (PMBA), Executive MBA (EMBA), MS in Finance, MS in Supply Chain Management, MS in Customer Analytics, Master of Accounting... | In what field was John M. Olin an entrepreneur in? | {'text': 'Accounting', 'answer_start': 310} |
40,267 | 39,925 | 5ad5006e5b96ef001a10a8fe | generic | The Macintosh, however, was expensive, which hindered its ability to be competitive in a market already dominated by the Commodore 64 for consumers, as well as the IBM Personal Computer and its accompanying clone market for businesses. Macintosh systems still found success in education and desktop publishing and kept A... | What hindered the competetive ability of Microsoft when it was introduced? | {'text': 'expensive', 'answer_start': 28} |
105,936 | 105,594 | 572ebdf8dfa6aa1500f8d33c | generic | To the north of China proper, the nomadic Xiongnu chieftain Modu Chanyu (r. 209–174 BC) conquered various tribes inhabiting the eastern portion of the Eurasian Steppe. By the end of his reign, he controlled Manchuria, Mongolia, and the Tarim Basin, subjugating over twenty states east of Samarkand. Emperor Gaozu was tro... | What group had a trade embargo created against them? | {'text': 'the Xiongnu', 'answer_start': 514} |
8,642 | 8,300 | 56dd328e66d3e219004dac4d | generic | Most prime ministers in parliamentary systems are not appointed for a specific term in office and in effect may remain in power through a number of elections and parliaments. For example, Margaret Thatcher was only ever appointed prime minister on one occasion, in 1979. She remained continuously in power until 1990, th... | Which prime minister was appointed only one time? | {'text': 'Margaret Thatcher', 'answer_start': 188} |
5,047 | 4,705 | 56d005e1234ae51400d9c289 | generic | Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP). CSP systems use lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam. PV converts light into electric current using the photoele... | What does a concentrated solar power system use? | {'text': 'lenses or mirrors and tracking systems', 'answer_start': 170} |
95,206 | 94,864 | 5a2c5009bfd06b001a5aeb22 | generic | In Britain a number of architects are active in the neoclassical style. Two new university Libraries, Quinlan Terry's Maitland Robinson Library at Downing College and ADAM Architecture's Sackler Library illustrate that the approach taken can range from the traditional, in the former case, to the unconventional, in the ... | What building project was being funded by the British Royal family? | {'text': 'development on the land of the former Chelsea Barracks in London.', 'answer_start': 418} |
100,312 | 99,970 | 5acd72b107355d001abf42ba | generic | Formal education occurs in a structured environment whose explicit purpose is teaching students. Usually, formal education takes place in a school environment with classrooms of multiple students learning together with a trained, certified teacher of the subject. Most school systems are designed around a set of values ... | Who guides the students in an informal environment? | {'text': 'certified teacher', 'answer_start': 230} |
78,190 | 77,848 | 57278e57f1498d1400e8fc00 | generic | Although the Founding Fathers of the United States did not originally intend for American politics to be partisan, early political controversies in the 1790s over the extent of federal government powers saw the emergence of two proto-political parties- the Federalist Party and the Democratic-Republican Party, which wer... | What were the two proto-political parties? | {'text': 'the Federalist Party and the Democratic-Republican Party', 'answer_start': 253} |
110,614 | 110,272 | 572f9ceab2c2fd1400568259 | generic | The ancestors of modern bacteria were unicellular microorganisms that were the first forms of life to appear on Earth, about 4 billion years ago. For about 3 billion years, most organisms were microscopic, and bacteria and archaea were the dominant forms of life. In 2008, fossils of macroorganisms were discovered and n... | How did chloroplast appear in first vegetation? | {'text': 'mitochondria also engulfed cyanobacterial-like organisms', 'answer_start': 1366} |
84,893 | 84,551 | 5727fc1f3acd2414000df17b | generic | The most precise timekeeping device of the ancient world was the water clock, or clepsydra, one of which was found in the tomb of Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep I (1525–1504 BC). They could be used to measure the hours even at night, but required manual upkeep to replenish the flow of water. The Ancient Greeks and the peop... | What was the most accurate clock-like device in the ancient world? | {'text': 'the water clock, or clepsydra', 'answer_start': 61} |
7,929 | 7,587 | 5a5958a83e1742001a15d08e | generic | The proportion of repetitive DNA is calculated by using length of repetitive DNA divide by genome size. There are two categories of repetitive DNA in genome: tandem repeats and interspersed repeats. | What do you get when dividing tandem repeats by interspersed repeats? | {'text': 'The proportion of repetitive DNA', 'answer_start': 0} |
65,542 | 65,200 | 5727bdf52ca10214002d953a | generic | The leading Cubist architects were Pavel Janák, Josef Gočár, Vlastislav Hofman, Emil Králíček and Josef Chochol. They worked mostly in Prague but also in other Bohemian towns. The best-known Cubist building is the House of the Black Madonna in the Old Town of Prague built in 1912 by Josef Gočár with the only Cubist caf... | Who were the leading Cubist architects? | {'text': 'Pavel Janák, Josef Gočár, Vlastislav Hofman, Emil Králíček and Josef Chochol', 'answer_start': 35} |
82,114 | 81,772 | 5a3b502a3ff257001ab843fb | generic | Others argue that the rule of law has survived but was transformed to allow for the exercise of discretion by administrators. For much of American history, the dominant notion of the rule of law, in this setting, has been some version of A. V. Dicey's: “no man is punishable or can be lawfully made to suffer in body or ... | What cannot survive if administrators can't exercise discretion? | {'text': 'the rule of law', 'answer_start': 18} |
83,746 | 83,404 | 5727e7d44b864d1900163fb8 | generic | In descending order of population, Oklahoma's largest cities in 2010 were: Oklahoma City (579,999, +14.6%), Tulsa (391,906, −0.3%), Norman (110,925, +15.9%), Broken Arrow (98,850, +32.0%), Lawton (96,867, +4.4%), Edmond (81,405, +19.2%), Moore (55,081, +33.9%), Midwest City (54,371, +0.5%), Enid (49,379, +5.0%), and St... | How many people lived in Lawton in 2010? | {'text': '96,867', 'answer_start': 197} |
107,407 | 107,065 | 572f1678cb0c0d14000f176c | generic | The decolonization of the Americas was the process by which the countries in the Americas gained their independence from European rule. Decolonization began with a series of revolutions in the late 18th and early-to-mid-19th centuries. The Spanish American wars of independence were the numerous wars against Spanish rul... | How did the Spanish conflict begin? | {'text': 'short-lived governing juntas established in Chuquisaca and Quito opposing the composition of the Supreme Central Junta of Seville.', 'answer_start': 497} |
106,584 | 106,242 | 5ad23010d7d075001a4286b0 | generic | According to Tabatabaei, there are acceptable and unacceptable esoteric interpretations. Acceptable ta'wil refers to the meaning of a verse beyond its literal meaning; rather the implicit meaning, which ultimately is known only to God and can't be comprehended directly through human thought alone. The verses in questio... | The explicit meaning of a Quranic verse that is known fully only by God is which type of ta'wil? | {'text': 'Acceptable', 'answer_start': 89} |
68,330 | 67,988 | 5726b67f708984140094cea5 | generic | There were 112,608 households in the city in 2000, of which 26.5% included children below the age of 18, 39.5% were composed of married couples living together, 11.4% reported a female householder with no husband present, and 45.5% classified themselves as nonfamily. Unmarried partners were present in 2.2% of household... | How many people lived alone in 2000? | {'text': '33.1%', 'answer_start': 336} |
10,205 | 9,863 | 5a18ccbd9aa02b0018605ece | generic | It was situated precisely in the western part of Central Asia that borders present-day Russia (and present-day Kazakhstan). It was in relative proximity to the other satem ethno-linguistic groups of the Indo-European family, like Thracian, Balto-Slavic and others, and to common Indo-European's original homeland (more p... | What Indo-European groups belong to the Satem language family? | {'text': 'Thracian, Balto-Slavic', 'answer_start': 230} |
78,719 | 78,377 | 5727b1e32ca10214002d9414 | generic | In 1203, Dominic joined Prior Diego de Acebo on an embassy to Denmark for the monarchy of Spain, to arrange the marriage between the son of King Alfonso VIII of Castile and a niece of King Valdemar II of Denmark. At that time the south of France was the stronghold of the Cathar or Albigensian heresy, named after the Du... | Why did Dominic travel to Denmark in 1203? | {'text': 'to arrange the marriage between the son of King Alfonso VIII of Castile and a niece of King Valdemar II of Denmark', 'answer_start': 97} |
31,960 | 31,618 | 570967d5200fba1400367f63 | generic | Compounds that contain a carbon-copper bond are known as organocopper compounds. They are very reactive towards oxygen to form copper(I) oxide and have many uses in chemistry. They are synthesized by treating copper(I) compounds with Grignard reagents, terminal alkynes or organolithium reagents; in particular, the last... | What are compounds that have a carbon-copper bond called? | {'text': 'organocopper compounds', 'answer_start': 57} |
61,352 | 61,010 | 5726eb73708984140094d5f6 | generic | In 2012, Madonna performed at Super Bowl XLVI halftime show, visualized by Cirque Du Soleil and Jamie King and featured special guests LMFAO, Nicki Minaj, M.I.A. and Cee Lo Green. It became the then most-watched Super Bowl halftime show in history with 114 million viewers, higher than the game itself. It was also revea... | What was the name of Madonna's twelfth album? | {'text': 'MDNA', 'answer_start': 505} |
53,996 | 53,654 | 57260ea838643c19005acf8c | generic | Korea was considered to be part of the Empire of Japan as an industrialized colony along with Taiwan, and both were part of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere. In 1937, the colonial Governor-General, General Jirō Minami, commanded the attempted cultural assimilation of Korea's 23.5 million people by banning the... | What policy forced Koreans to change their names to Japanese names? | {'text': 'Sōshi-kaimei policy', 'answer_start': 540} |
48,658 | 48,316 | 571af9889499d21900609bcb | generic | Ben Goldacre has argued that regulators – such as the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) in the UK, or the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States – advance the interests of the drug companies rather than the interests of the public due to revolving door exchange of employees bet... | Who argued against regulators? | {'text': 'Ben Goldacre', 'answer_start': 0} |
62,336 | 61,994 | 57279ae43acd2414000de7b5 | generic | Y DNA studies tend to imply a small number of founders in an old population whose members parted and followed different migration paths. In most Jewish populations, these male line ancestors appear to have been mainly Middle Eastern. For example, Ashkenazi Jews share more common paternal lineages with other Jewish and ... | Ashkenazi Jews share more common paternal lineages with what group? | {'text': 'Jewish and Middle Eastern groups', 'answer_start': 309} |
113,065 | 112,723 | 572ff5ea04bcaa1900d76f3a | generic | Downtown San Diego is located on San Diego Bay. Balboa Park encompasses several mesas and canyons to the northeast, surrounded by older, dense urban communities including Hillcrest and North Park. To the east and southeast lie City Heights, the College Area, and Southeast San Diego. To the north lies Mission Valley and... | Which valley is encompassed by the most northeast portion of San Diego? | {'text': 'San Pasqual Valley', 'answer_start': 684} |
20,499 | 20,157 | 56e7860900c9c71400d77233 | generic | During the period of North–South division, Nanjing remained the capital of the Southern dynasties for more than two and a half centuries. During this time, Nanjing was the international hub of East Asia. Based on historical documents, the city had 280,000 registered households. Assuming an average Nanjing household had... | During the time of the North–South division, how many households were in Nanjing? | {'text': '280,000 registered households', 'answer_start': 248} |
71,928 | 71,586 | 5726fb48dd62a815002e96d7 | generic | In Hellenistic Egypt, the mathematician Euclid laid down the foundations of mathematical rigor and introduced the concepts of definition, axiom, theorem and proof still in use today in his Elements, considered the most influential textbook ever written. Archimedes, considered one of the greatest mathematicians of all t... | What was contained within the book Elements? | {'text': 'the foundations of mathematical rigor', 'answer_start': 57} |
23,837 | 23,495 | 56f81eceaef2371900625de3 | generic | After the constitutional changes of 1974, Tito began reducing his role in the day-to-day running of the state. He continued to travel abroad and receive foreign visitors, going to Beijing in 1977 and reconciling with a Chinese leadership that had once branded him a revisionist. In turn, Chairman Hua Guofeng visited Yug... | What Chinese leader traveled to Yugoslavia in 1979? | {'text': 'Chairman Hua Guofeng', 'answer_start': 288} |
121,582 | 121,240 | 5a5380cebdaabd001a3866d3 | generic | The rediscovery of Aristotle's works–more than 3000 pages of it would eventually be translated –fuelled a spirit of inquiry into natural processes that had already begun to emerge in the 12th century. Some scholars believe that these works represented one of the most important document discoveries in Western intellectu... | What is considered one of the most important discoveries in the world? | {'text': "The rediscovery of Aristotle's works", 'answer_start': 0} |
126,261 | 125,919 | 57342937d058e614000b6a68 | generic | Portuguese cuisine is diverse. The Portuguese consume a lot of dry cod (bacalhau in Portuguese), for which there are hundreds of recipes. There are more than enough bacalhau dishes for each day of the year. Two other popular fish recipes are grilled sardines and caldeirada, a potato-based stew that can be made from sev... | What are two popular Northern Portugal dishes? | {'text': 'arroz de sarrabulho (rice stewed in pigs blood) or the arroz de cabidela (rice and chickens meat stewed in chickens blood)', 'answer_start': 584} |
125,144 | 124,802 | 5732806657eb1f1400fd2d44 | generic | Whittaker was unsuited for the role and soon retired. Stewart and Harlan were conservative Republicans, while Brennan was a Democrat who became a leading voice for liberalism. In selecting a Chief Justice, Eisenhower looked for an experienced jurist who could appeal to liberals in the party as well as law-and-order con... | Along with liberals, who was Eisenhower trying to appeal to with the Warren pick? | {'text': 'law-and-order conservatives', 'answer_start': 303} |
104,936 | 104,594 | 572e8d9adfa6aa1500f8d116 | generic | From 7 September 1940, one year into the war, London was bombed by the Luftwaffe for 57 consecutive nights. More than one million London houses were destroyed or damaged and more than 40,000 civilians were killed, almost half of them in London. Ports and industrial centres outside London were also attacked. The main At... | What north sea port was the secondary target for bombers that could not find their primary target? | {'text': 'Sea port of Hull', 'answer_start': 442} |
18,997 | 18,655 | 56e6c362de9d371400068022 | generic | After 1965, differences between the Hot 100 chart and the Easy Listening chart became more pronounced. Better reflecting what middle of the road stations were actually playing, the composition of the chart changed dramatically. As rock music continued to harden, there was much less crossover between the Hot 100 and Eas... | What chart did the Easy Listening chart begin to diverge from? | {'text': 'the Hot 100 chart', 'answer_start': 32} |
103,755 | 103,413 | 572ea842dfa6aa1500f8d272 | generic | Neptune's more varied weather when compared to Uranus is due in part to its higher internal heating. Although Neptune lies over 50% further from the Sun than Uranus, and receives only 40% its amount of sunlight, the two planets' surface temperatures are roughly equal. The upper regions of Neptune's troposphere reach a ... | How much more energy does Neptune radiate than it receives? | {'text': '2.61', 'answer_start': 723} |
97,921 | 97,579 | 5ace800732bba1001ae4a872 | generic | Prior to the 12th century, women accounted for less than one percent of the world’s Islamic scholars. However, al-Sakhawi and Mohammad Akram Nadwi have since found evidence of over 8,000 female scholars since the 15th century. al-Sakhawi devotes an entire volume of his 12-volume biographical dictionary al-Ḍawʾ al-lāmiʻ... | How many female Islamic scholars were on record after the 1600s? | {'text': 'over 8,000', 'answer_start': 176} |
88,739 | 88,397 | 57286e382ca10214002da33f | generic | According to the Omnipotence paradox or 'Paradox of the Stone', can God create a stone so heavy that he cannot lift it? Either he can or he can’t. If he can’t, the argument goes, then there is something that he cannot do, namely create the stone, and therefore he is not omnipotent. If he can, it continues, then there i... | What shows God is not omnipotent if he creates a stone that he cannot lift? | {'text': 'there is something that he cannot do', 'answer_start': 184} |
95,096 | 94,754 | 57298a8e1d0469140077951b | generic | Seen in its wider social context, Greek Revival architecture sounded a new note of sobriety and restraint in public buildings in Britain around 1800 as an assertion of nationalism attendant on the Act of Union, the Napoleonic Wars, and the clamour for political reform. It was to be William Wilkins's winning design for ... | Whose winning design for public competition began the dominance of Greek style architecture? | {'text': 'William Wilkins', 'answer_start': 283} |
24,804 | 24,462 | 56f88857a6d7ea1400e1772f | generic | In simple terms the structure of the Alps consists of layers of rock of European, African and oceanic (Tethyan) origin. The bottom nappe structure is of continental European origin, above which are stacked marine sediment nappes, topped off by nappes derived from the African plate. The Matterhorn is an example of the o... | Where are the top of the nappes derived from? | {'text': 'the African plate', 'answer_start': 264} |
70,810 | 70,468 | 5726e6d6f1498d1400e8ef5f | generic | The Niger Delta Nembe Creek Oil field was discovered in 1973 and produces from middle Miocene deltaic sandstone-shale in an anticline structural trap at a depth of 2–4 km. In June 2013, the company announced a strategic review of its operations in Nigeria, hinting that assets could be divested. While many international... | How long have international oil companies been in Nigeria? | {'text': 'decades', 'answer_start': 359} |
88,319 | 87,977 | 5ace827f32bba1001ae4a8e0 | generic | The sensors are primarily single cells that detect light, chemicals, pressure waves and contact, and are present on the head, appendages (if any) and other parts of the body. Nuchal ("on the neck") organs are paired, ciliated structures found only in polychaetes, and are thought to be chemosensors. Some polychaetes als... | What type of annelids have human organs? | {'text': 'polychaetes', 'answer_start': 251} |
105,116 | 104,774 | 572fe88104bcaa1900d76e84 | generic | German beacons operated on the medium-frequency band and the signals involved a two-letter Morse identifier followed by a lengthy time-lapse which enabled the Luftwaffe crews to determine the signal's bearing. The Meacon system involved separate locations for a receiver with a directional aerial and a transmitter. The ... | What two letter identifier did the signal have? | {'text': 'Morse', 'answer_start': 91} |
45,723 | 45,381 | 5ad3f93e604f3c001a3ffaa7 | generic | The last use of the firing squad between 1608 and the moratorium on judicial executions between 1967 and 1977 was when Utah shot James W. Rodgers on March 30, 1960. The last use of the gallows between 1608 and the moratorium was when Kansas hanged George York on June 22, 1965. The last use of the electric chair between... | In what state was Rodgers born? | {'text': 'Utah', 'answer_start': 119} |
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