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15280071 | Measurement of muscle microvascular oxygen pressures: compartmentalization of phosphorescent probe. | <h4>Objective</h4>To determine whether the phosphorescent probe Oxyphor R2 (a palladium porphyrin dendrimer) becomes extravasated within normotensive skeletal muscle, R2 perfusion and washout studies were performed using a perfused rat hindlimb preparation.<h4>Methods</h4>Phosphorescence signals were monitored in tibia... |
15663001 | BODIL: a molecular modeling environment for structure-function analysis and drug design. | BODIL is a molecular modeling environment geared to help the user to quickly identify key features of proteins critical to molecular recognition, especially (1) in drug discovery applications, and (2) to understand the structural basis for function. The program incorporates state-of-the-art graphics, sequence and struc... |
15524302 | [Experimental study on inclusion compound of beta-cyclodextrin with limonene]. | <h4>Objective</h4>To study the inclusion action of beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) with limonene.<h4>Method</h4>Orthogonal design.<h4>Result</h4>The optimum preparing condition was a proportion of 1:9 (ml:g) for oil to beta-CD inclusion, temperature at 40 degrees C and stirred for 2 h.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The condition was o... |
15478463 | Amyloidogenic hexapeptide fragment of medin: homology to functional islet amyloid polypeptide fragments. | Medin is the main constituent of aortic medial amyloid that occurs in virtually all individuals older than sixty. It is derived from a proteolytic fragment of lactadherin, a mammary epithelial cell expressed glyco-protein that is secreted as part of the milk fat globule membrane. It was previously demonstrated that an ... |
15468255 | Interactions of enzymes and a lectin with a chitin-based graft copolymer having polysarcosine side chains. | The molecular-recognition abilities of a water-soluble chitin derivative, chitin-graft-polysarcosine (2) were investigated using chitinase, lysozyme, and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA). The enzymatic degradabilities of 2 were evaluated using chitinase and lysozyme. The molecular weight of those compounds of 2 with a highe... |
15468250 | Temperature-sensitive polyamidoamine dendrimer/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels with improved responsive properties. | Novel temperature-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)/amine-terminated polyamidoamine dendrimer G6-NH2 hydrogels with fast responsive properties were synthesized by forming semi-interpenetrating polymeric networks. In contrast to the conventional PNIPA hydrogel, these new gels showed rapid shrinking rate at the tempe... |
15457370 | Transient permeability leak of nuclear envelope induced by aldosterone. | The mineralocorticoid hormone aldosterone controls fluid and electrolyte transport in target cells of the kidney and the cardiovascular system. Classic genomic aldosterone action involves the activation of cytosolic mineralocorticoid receptors and translocation into the cell nucleus where specific transcription process... |
15457369 | Nuclear envelope: nanoarray responsive to aldosterone. | Signalling between cytosol and nucleus is mediated by nuclear pores. These supramolecular complexes represent intelligent nanomachines regulated by a wide spectrum of factors. Among them, steroid hormones specifically interact with the pores and thus modify ion conductivity and macromolecule permeability of the nuclear... |
15358056 | Instability of monoclonal myeloma protein may be identified as susceptibility to penetration and binding by newly synthesized Congo red derivatives. | Monoclonal myeloma proteins often have an abnormal, unstable structure, and tend to aggregate with fatal clinical consequences. A method for early clinical identification of this aggregation tendency is impatiently awaited. This work proposes the use of supramolecular dyes as specific ligands to reveal protein instabil... |
15357415 | Postsynaptic targets of type II auditory nerve fibers in the cochlear nucleus. | Type II auditory nerve fibers, which provide the primary afferent innervation of outer hair cells of the cochlea, project thin fibers centrally and form synapses in the cochlear nucleus. We investigated the postsynaptic targets of these synapses, which are unknown. Using serial-section electron microscopy of fibers lab... |
15276430 | Proteomic approach to characterize the supramolecular organization of photosystems in higher plants. | A project to investigate the supramolecular structure of photosystems was initiated, which is based on protein solubilizations by digitonin, protein separations by Blue native (BN)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and protein identifications by mass spectrometry (MS). Under the conditions applied, nine photosy... |
15268221 | Exploration of the electronic structure of dendrimerlike acetylene-bridged oligothiophenes by correlating Raman spectroscopy, electrochemistry, and theory. | A series of radial thiophene-based structures consisting of a central benzene or thiophene ring surrounded by acetylene-bridged terthienyl arms has been investigated by physical and theoretical methods. Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy of the neutral solids shows that the terthiophene arms are weakly coupled across... |
15268168 | Mesoscopic chiral reshaping of the Ag(110) surface induced by the organic molecule PVBA. | We report scanning tunneling microscopy observations on the restructuring of a Ag(110) surface induced by the molecule 4-[trans-2-(pyrid-4-yl-vinyl)]benzoic acid (PVBA). Our data reveal that the surface undergoes a mesoscopic step faceting following exposure to submonolayer coverages and thermal activation. A sawtooth ... |
15268055 | Modification of statistical threading in two-component pseudorotaxane melts using the amphiphilic approach and variations in the confinement geometry. | Recently we described a coarse-grained model of poly(ethylene oxide) and then employed that model to study the amount of spontaneous threading of cyclic molecules by linear chains in the melt [C. A. Helfer, G. Xu, W. L. Mattice, and C. Pugh, Macromolecules 36, 10071 (2003)]. Since the amount of statistical threading at... |
15268054 | Monte Carlo simulation of dendrimers in variable solvent quality. | We study via lattice Monte Carlo simulation and Flory theory the properties of g=1-6 dendrimers in variable solvent quality. For all the generations studied, we find that the radius of gyration R(g) collapses significantly (factor of 2) going from athermal to extreme poor solvent conditions, indicating that varying sol... |
15269520 | Enantioselective hydrolysis of insoluble (R,S)-ketoprofen ethyl ester in dispersed aqueous reaction system induced by chiral cyclodextrin. | The enantioselective hydrolysis of insoluble (R,S)-ketoprofen ethyl ester to the optically active (S)-ketoprofen was carried out in a dispersed aqueous lipase reaction system induced by the inclusion of chiral cyclodextrins for complexation of the substrate. Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin was the most effective chiral... |
15261032 | FT-IRRAS spectroscopic studies of the interaction of avidin with biotinylated dendrimer surfaces. | The interaction of avidin with biotin on a functional Au surface containing fourth generation amine-terminated polyamidoamine (G4-NH(2) PAMAM) dendrimers was investigated through the use of Fourier transform infrared reflection-adsorption spectroscopy (FT-IRRAS). The first step in the fabrication of the functional surf... |
15250413 | Alternative approach to enhancing cation selectivity in ion chromatography. | A new approach to enhance cation selectivity in ion chromatography (IC) is described. Two packings, one carrying a conventional carboxylate cation exchanger and the other carrying a crown ether (CE) phase are packed into two separate columns and used in series. The resolution between sodium and ammonium and between amm... |
15248425 | Preparation and characterization of a p-tert-butyl-calix[6]-1,4-benzocrown-4-bonded silica gel stationary phase for liquid chromatography. | A p-tert-butyl-calix[6]-1,4-benzocrown-4-bonded silica gel stationary phase (CR6BS) was first prepared via 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane as coupling reagent for high performance liquid chromatography. The structure of the new stationary phase was characterized by diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform spect... |
15238535 | Population genetic and phylogenetic evidence for positive selection on regulatory mutations at the factor VII locus in humans. | The abundance of cis-regulatory polymorphisms in humans suggests that many may have been important in human evolution, but evidence for their role is relatively rare. Four common polymorphisms in the 5' promoter region of factor VII (F7), a coagulation factor, have been shown to affect its transcription and protein abu... |
15233524 | Liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric separation of oligoalanine peptide stereoisomers: influence of absolute configuration on enantioselectivity and two-dimensional separation of diastereomers and enantiomers. | This contribution describes the chromatographic separation of peptide stereoisomers. Thereby, one focus is laid on the influence of the absolute configurations of peptide enantiomer pairs on their enantioselective separation. Three different N-terminal protecting groups and three different chiral stationary phases (CSP... |
15137046 | Assignment of the relative configuration of spiro[4.5]decanes by 13C, 15N and 17O NMR. | The relative configuration of 11 1,4-diazaspiro[4.5]decanes (1a-1j and 1m), 15 1,4-oxazaspiro[4.5]decanes (2a-2o) and 10 1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decanes (3a-3n) substituted at the 2-, 6-, 7- or 8-position by a methyl group or using the tert-butyl group as a model for the ananchomeric structure is reported. The relative ster... |
15229246 | Gene expression changes in the course of neural progenitor cell differentiation. | The molecular changes underlying neural progenitor differentiation are essentially unknown. We applied cDNA microarrays with 13,627 clones to measure dynamic gene expression changes during the in vitro differentiation of neural progenitor cells that were isolated from the subventricular zone of postnatal day 7 mice and... |
15217616 | Molecular recognition properties of FN3 monobodies that bind the Src SH3 domain. | We have constructed a phage-displayed library based on the human fibronectin tenth type III domain (FN3) scaffold by randomizing residues in its FG and BC loops. Screening against the SH3 domain of human c-Src yielded six different clones. Five of these contained proline-rich sequences in their FG loop that resembled c... |
15217012 | Effect of Japanese horseradish oil on methane production and ruminal fermentation in vitro and in steers. | The effects of alpha-cyclodextrin-horseradish oil complex (CD-HR) on methane production and ruminal fermentation were studied in vitro and in steers. In the in vitro study, diluted ruminal fluid (30 mL) was incubated anaerobically at 38 degrees C for 6 h with or without CD-HR, using cornstarch as substrate. The CD-HR w... |
15213978 | Performance of throughout in-capillary derivatization capillary electrophoresis employing an on-line sample and run buffer loading device. | We report on the effect on performance of varying the length of the capillary during throughout in-capillary derivatization (TICD) capillary electrophoresis (CE). Performance was evaluated by on-line coupling with a sample and CE runbuffer loading device that was newly introduced for this study. The device was assemble... |
15214078 | Triisobutylaluminium and diisobutylaluminium hydride as molecular scalpels: the regioselective stripping of perbenzylated sugars and cyclodextrins. | To explain the remarkable regioselective de-O-benzylating properties of diisobutylaluminium hydride (DIBAL-H) and triisobutylaluminium (TIBAL) towards polybenzylated sugars or cyclodextrins, we propose a plausible mechanistic rationale critically involving the kinetic formation of a product-generating 2:1 Al-benzylated... |
15214077 | Dynamic chemical devices: modulation of photophysical properties by reversible, ion-triggered, and proton-fuelled nanomechanical shape-flipping molecular motions. | The terpy-derived (terpy=terpyridine) ligand 1 has an extended W shape in which the two appended photoactive pyrenyl groups are held apart. On binding of a zinc(II) ion with a terpy group, ligand 1 is converted into complex 2 whereby it adopts a U shape, thus stacking the aromatic units. This structural modification le... |
15214068 | Combinatorial chemistry approach to chiral catalyst engineering and screening: rational design and serendipity. | An efficient asymmetric catalyst relies on the successful combination of a large number of interrelated variables, including rational design, intuition, persistence, and good fortune-not all of which are necessarily well-understood; this renders such practice largely empirical. As a result, the possibility of using com... |
15211752 | Transfer in SDS of biotinylated proteins from acrylamide gels to an avidin-coated membrane filter. | Avidin was covalently linked to aldehyde-derivatized polyethersulfone membrane filters. These filters were used in Western blot analysis of proteins reacted with biotinylation reagents and electrophoresed in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on polyacrylamide gels. Electrophoretic transfer from the gels to these filters was... |
15211750 | Design and analysis of nanoscale bioassemblies. | Bionanotechnology is an emerging field in nanotechnology. In general, it uses concepts from chemistry, biochemistry, and molecular biology to identify components and processes for the construction of self-assembling materials and devices. Distant goals of the science of bionanotechnology range from developing programma... |
15202922 | Novel synthetic route to octasubstituted naphthalenes from four alkynes and one olefin unit via zirconacyclopentadienes and 1,2-diiodo-3,4,5,6-tetraalkylbenzene. | 1,2,3,4-Tetrasubstituted benzene derivatives were prepared by the reaction of zirconacyclopentadienes with vinyl bromide in the presence of NiCl(2)(PPh(3))(2). 1,2-Diiodo-3,4,5,6-tetraalkylbenzenes were formed by treatment of 1,2,3,4-tetraalkylbenzenes with iodine and periodic acid in the presence of a catalytic amount... |
15202894 | Polyvalent interactions in unnatural recognition processes. | The synthesis of two cluster compounds, one containing six secondary dialkylammonium ion centers and the other possessing six benzo-m-phenylene[25]crown-8 (BMP25C8) macrocycles, both appended to hexakis(thiophenyl)benzene cores, is described. The binding of these clusters with complementary mono- and divalent ligands i... |
15200315 | Nanoscale aryleneethynylene molecular wires with reversible fluorenone electrochemistry for self-assembly onto metal surfaces. | [structure: see text] Two rigid-rod conjugated molecules (11 and 12) of ca. 4 and 7 nm length, respectively, bearing protected terminal thiol groups have been synthesized via multistep Sonogashira coupling reactions and shown to possess reversible cathodic solution electrochemistry arising from reduction of the fluoren... |
15200297 | Does charge carrier dimensionality increase in mixed-valence salts of tetrathiafulvalene-terminated dendrimers? | [structure: see text] In four new dendrimers terminated by 12 electroactive tetrathiafulvalenyl substituents, the tridimensional character of the inter- and intradendrimeric charge and electron transfer, and hence of the electroconductivity, is evidenced by examination of the electronic spectra of their corresponding n... |
15200293 | Toward self-assembled surface-mounted prismatic altitudinal rotors. A test case: molecular rectangle. | [structure: see text] A self-assembly path toward prismatic molecular rotors based on transversely reactive terminally metalated molecular rods and pyridine-terminated star connectors is outlined. The concept is tested on the assembly of the biphenyl rod [Ph(2)P(CH(2))(3)PPh(2)Pt(+)-C(6)H(4)-C(6)H(4)-Pt(+)[Ph(2)P(CH(2)... |
15200291 | A light-driven rotaxane molecular shuttle with dual fluorescence addresses. | [reaction: see text] A molecular shuttle containing an alpha-CD macrocycle, an azobenzene unit, and two different fluorescent naphthalimide units was synthesized. The cis-trans photoisomerization of the azobenzene unit resulted in the motion of the CD macrocycle on the track. Because of the easy regulation and full rev... |
15201327 | Morphine-induced changes in delta opioid receptor trafficking are linked to somatosensory processing in the rat spinal cord. | An in vivo fluorescent deltorphin (Fluo-DLT) internalization assay was used to assess the distribution and regulation of pharmacologically available delta opioid receptors (deltaORs) in the rat lumbar (L4-5) spinal cord. Under basal conditions, intrathecal injection of Fluo-DLT resulted in the labeling of numerous delt... |
15196757 | Novel pH-sensitive supramolecular assemblies for oral delivery of poorly water soluble drugs: preparation and characterization. | The objective of the present study was to synthesize novel pH-sensitive block copolymers forming supramolecular assemblies and to explore their potential as poorly water-soluble drug carriers for oral delivery. Diblock copolymers of polyethylene glycol and t-butyl methacrylate (tBMA), ethyl acrylate (EA) or n-butyl acr... |
15196753 | Transport of dendrimer nanocarriers through epithelial cells via the transcellular route. | The mechanism of transport of G3 PAMAM and surface-modified (with lauroyl chains) G3 PAMAM dendrimer nanocarriers across Caco-2 cell monolayers has been investigated. Flow-cytometry studies following quenching of extracellular fluorescence demonstrated the cellular internalisation of dendrimers. Optical sectioning of c... |
15193725 | High performance capillary electrophoresis for determination of the enantiomers of 2-arylpropionic acid derivatives in human serum. Pharmacokinetic studies of ketoprofen enantiomers following administration of standard and sustained release tablets. | A stereospecific capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method for determination of the enantiomers of some 2-arylpropionic acid derivatives (2-APA, profens) in human serum has been developed. Racemic-ibuprofen (rac-IBP), racemic-flurbiprofen (rac-FBP), racemic-ketoprofen (rac-KTP) and (+)-S-naproxen ((+)-S-NPX--an inter... |
15193723 | Comparison of the miniaturised techniques capillary electrochromatography and capillary liquid chromatography for the chiral separation of chlorthalidone. | The aim of this study was to compare the miniaturised techniques, capillary electrochromatography (CEC) and capillary liquid chromatography (CLC), for the chiral separation of chlorthalidone. In both cases, hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin was used as a chiral selector in the mobile phase, while an achiral stationary ph... |
15195315 | Long-range stereocontrol in the self-assembly of two-nanometer-dimensioned triple-stranded dinuclear helicates. | A series of bisimine-bridged dicatechol ligands 2-H(4)-5-H(4) were synthesized and were used to prepare triple-stranded dinuclear helicate-type complexes with a length of up to more than 2 nm. X-ray structural analyses of Na(4)[(2)(3)V(2)], Na(4)[(3)(3)Ti(2)], Na(4)[(4)(3)Ti(2)], and Na(4)[(5)(3)Ti(2)], as well as temp... |
15195313 | Syntheses and phase-transfer properties of dendritic nanocarriers that contain perfluorinated shell structures. | Perfect dendrimers that contain perfluorinated shells have recently attracted attention because they have been shown to encapsulate polar molecules in supercritical CO(2) and catalytically active metal nanoparticles in perfluorinated solvents. Moreover, they can then be easily separated after reaction from the biphasic... |
15195306 | Enantioselective fluorescence sensing of amino acids by modified cyclodextrins: role of the cavity and sensing mechanism. | Two selectors based on modified cyclodextrins containing a metal binding site and a dansyl fluorophore-6-deoxy-6-N-(N(alpha)-[(5-dimethylamino-1-naphthalenesulfonyl)aminoethyl]phenylalanylamino-beta-cyclodextrin-containing D-Phe (3) and L-Phe (4) moieties were synthesized. The conformations of the two selectors were st... |
15195305 | Anion complexation by glycocluster thioureamethyl cavitands: novel ESI-MS-based methods for the determination of Ka values. | A series of saccharide-thiourea functionalized cavitands was prepared in good yields (72-86 %) by reaction of a tetrakis(aminomethyl) cavitand with the thiocyanate derivatives of acetylated glucose, galactose, and cellobiose. The anion complexation behavior of the acetylated and deacetylated glycocluster thioureamethyl... |
15195300 | Photoinduced electron transfer in multiporphyrinic interlocked structures: the effect of copper(I) coordination in the central site. | Photoinduced processes have been determined in a [2]catenane containing a zinc(II) porphyrin, a gold(III) porphyrin, and two free phenanthroline binding sites, Zn-Au(+), and in the corresponding copper(I) phenanthroline complex, Zn-Cu(+)-Au(+). In acetonitrile solution Zn-Au(+) is present in two different conformations... |
15195294 | Chemical adaptor systems. | "Chemical adaptor systems" are molecules used to link different functionalities, based on unique reactivity that allows controlled fragmentation. Two different mechanistic reactivities were used to prepare chemical adaptor systems. The first is based on a spontaneous intra-cyclization reaction to form a stable ring mol... |
15189892 | Detection and analysis of tumor fluorescence using a two-photon optical fiber probe. | The utility of a two-photon optical fiber fluorescence probe (TPOFF) for sensing and quantifying tumor fluorescent signals was tested in vivo. Xenograft tumors were developed in athymic mice using MCA207 cells expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP). The TPOFF probe was able to detect ex vivo fluorescence from excis... |
15189887 | Competing hydrophobic and screened-coulomb interactions in hepatitis B virus capsid assembly. | Recent experiments show that, in the range from approximately 15 to 45 degrees C, an increase in the temperature promotes the spontaneous assembly into capsids of the Escherichia coli-expressed coat proteins of hepatitis B virus. Within that temperature interval, an increase in ionic strength up to five times that of s... |
15189886 | The intermediate filament architecture as determined by X-ray diffraction modeling of hard alpha-keratin. | Despite investigation since the 1950s, the molecular architecture of intermediate filaments has not yet been fully elucidated. Reliable information about the longitudinal organization of the molecules within the filaments and about the lateral interfilament packing is now available, which is not the case for the transv... |
15189885 | Unusual heme iron-lipid acyl chain coordination in Escherichia coli flavohemoglobin. | Escherichia coli flavohemoglobin is endowed with the notable property of binding specifically unsaturated and/or cyclopropanated fatty acids both as free acids or incorporated into a phospholipid molecule. Unsaturated or cyclopropanated fatty acid binding to the ferric heme results in a spectral change observed in the ... |
15189872 | Structure of supported bilayers composed of lipopolysaccharides and bacterial phospholipids: raft formation and implications for bacterial resistance. | Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major lipid on the surface of Gram-negative bacteria, plays a key role in bacterial resistance to hydrophobic antibiotics and antimicrobial peptides. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM) we characterized supported bilayers composed of LPSs from two bacterial chemotypes with different sensit... |
15189866 | Cholera toxin assault on lipid monolayers containing ganglioside GM1. | Many bacterial toxins bind to and gain entrance to target cells through specific interactions with membrane components. Using neutron reflectivity, we have characterized the structure of mixed DPPE:GM(1) lipid monolayers before and during the binding of cholera toxin (CTAB(5)) or its B-subunit (CTB(5)). Structural para... |
15189864 | Time-resolved charge translocation by sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase measured on a solid supported membrane. | Sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles were adsorbed on an octadecanethiol/phosphatidylcholine mixed bilayer anchored to a gold electrode, and the Ca-ATPase contained in the vesicles was activated by ATP concentration jumps both in the absence and in the presence of K(+) ions and at different pH values. Ca(2+) concentration j... |
15189858 | Membrane perturbation induced by interfacially adsorbed peptides. | The structural and energetic characteristics of the interaction between interfacially adsorbed (partially inserted) alpha-helical, amphipathic peptides and the lipid bilayer substrate are studied using a molecular level theory of lipid chain packing in membranes. The peptides are modeled as "amphipathic cylinders" char... |
15189853 | Computational simulations of interactions of scorpion toxins with the voltage-gated potassium ion channel. | Based on a homology model of the Kv1.3 potassium channel, the recognitions of the six scorpion toxins, viz. agitoxin2, charybdotoxin, kaliotoxin, margatoxin, noxiustoxin, and Pandinus toxin, to the human Kv1.3 potassium channel have been investigated by using an approach of the Brownian dynamics (BD) simulation integra... |
15189847 | Cationic DMPC/DMTAP lipid bilayers: molecular dynamics study. | Cationic lipid membranes are known to form compact complexes with DNA and to be effective as gene delivery agents both in vitro and in vivo. Here we employ molecular dynamics simulations for a detailed atomistic study of lipid bilayers consisting of a mixture of cationic dimyristoyltrimethylammonium propane (DMTAP) and... |
15188251 | Determination of salbutamol enantiomers in human urine using heptakis(2,3-di-O-acetyl-6-O-sulfo)-beta-cyclodextrin in nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis. | Nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE) was successfully applied to the resolution and the determination of salbutamol enantiomers in urine samples using heptakis(2,3-di-O-acetyl-6-O-sulfo)-beta-cyclodextrin (HDAS-beta-CD). After optimization of the electrophoretic parameters, namely the background electrolyte (BGE... |
15188245 | Capillary electrophoresis analysis of a wide variety of seized drugs using the same capillary with dynamic coatings. | Capillary electrophoresis methodology is presented for the routine analysis of a wide variety of seized drugs using the same capillary with dynamic coatings and multiple run buffers. The types of exhibits analyzed using diode array UV detection include phenethylamines, cocaine, oxycodone, heroin, lysergic acid diethyla... |
15188234 | Capillary electrophoresis combined with microdialysis in the human spinal cord: a new tool for monitoring rapid peroperative changes in amino acid neurotransmitters within the dorsal horn. | A method originally developed for the separation of the three neurotransmitters gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate (Glu) and L-aspartate (L-Asp) in microdialysis samples from rat brain (Sauvinet et al., Electrophoresis 2003, 24, 3187-3196) was applied to human spinal dialysates obtained during peroperative micro... |
15187392 | Structure and ethanol complexation of cyclic tetrasaccharide in aqueous solution studied by NMR and molecular mechanics. | The structure and ethanol complexation of a cyclic tetrasaccharide (CTS) in aqueous solution were investigated by proton NMR spectroscopy and molecular mechanics calculations. Two glucose units, A and B, of CTS are alternatively bonded by alpha-1,3 and alpha-1,6 linkages. The overlapped signals of protons A5, A6S, A6R,... |
15188468 | Dendrimers in solution: insight from theory and simulation. | A variety of experimental and theoretical approaches show that, akin to linear polymers, dendrimers in good solvent conditions are best described as flexible macromolecular aggregates with a dense core and fluctuating monomer groups. We present theoretical and simulational evidence of how the shape and inner structure ... |
15185224 | Endotoxin induces an exaggerated interleukin-10 response in peritoneal macrophages of children compared with adults. | <h4>Background</h4>Children have a lower incidence of postinjury multiple organ failure (MOF) compared with adults with equivalent injury severity. Because MOF appears to be the end result of systemic hyperinflammation, children may have either an attenuated proinflammatory response or an augmented antiinflammatory res... |
15183321 | 'One bead two compound libraries' for detecting chemical and biochemical conversions. | When combinatorial chemistry was introduced 13 years ago, the expectations were high for the delivery of results, particularly in the pharmaceutical industry. However, combinatorial chemistry was implemented independently of the application for which the products were going to be used. Resins developed only for efficie... |
15183740 | Interaction between beta-cyclodextrin and 1,10-phenanthroline: uncommon 2:3 inclusion complex in the solid state. | The crystallographic structure of the complex formed by beta-cyclodextrin with 1,10-phenanthroline has been studied by X-ray diffraction. The result shows that the complex adopts an uncommon 2:3 stoichiometry in solid state, that is, every complex unit contains three 1,10-phenanthroline molecules and two beta-cyclodext... |
15177193 | Therapeutic and diagnostic implications of Hsp90 activation. | The molecular chaperone heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is involved in the stabilization and conformational maturation of many signaling proteins that are deregulated in cancers. Hsp90 inhibition results in the proteasomal degradation of these client proteins and leads to potent antitumor activity. The Hsp90 inhibitor 17... |
15176814 | Total synthesis of cochleamycin A. | [reaction: see text] Cochleamycin A (1) was synthesized in 2.4% overall yield via a 23-step linear sequence starting from 3-butene-1-ol. Key features of the synthesis include the synthesis of (Z)-1,3-diene 21 via a Stille coupling of 4 and 5 and a transannular Diels-Alder reaction of macrocycle 26 to provide the comple... |
15176795 | Supramolecular recognition and structural elucidation of inclusion complexes of an achiral carbene precursor in beta- and permethylated beta-cyclodextrin. | [structure: see text] Inclusion of achiral carbene precursor endo-8-azibicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-ol (1) in chiral beta-cyclodextrin (7-Cy) and tri-O-methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (TRIMEB) leads to 1:1 complexes 1@7-Cy and 1@TRIMEB, respectively. The combined methods of induced circular dichroism, NMR spectroscopy, and X-ray str... |
15176794 | Hydrogen bonding patterns of calix[4]arenes with thiourea functionalities in solution and in the solid state. | [structure: see text] We have synthesized a number of calix[4]arene derivatives presenting thiourea functional groups at their upper rims by the condensation of a 1,3-di(p-amino)calix[4]arene with alkyl isothiocyanates. Mono- and dithiourea-substituted calix[4]arenes were prepared selectively in good yields, and homoco... |
15176783 | Novel porphyrin-fullerene assemblies: from rotaxanes to catenanes. | [reaction: see text] Titration of porphyrin-fullerene rotaxanes with DABCO or 4,4'-bipyridine led to photo- and redoxactive catenanic architectures, which upon photoexcitation undergo a sequence of short-range energy and electron transfer events to give a long-lived charge-separated radical-pair state. |
15176775 | Synthesis of multitopic verdazyl radical ligands. Paramagnetic supramolecular synthons. | [structure: see text] The syntheses of several verdazyl radical and diradicals containing pyridine-based multitopic coordination sites are described. These compounds were designed to be paramagnetic analogues of oligopyridine metallosupramolecular building blocks. |
15178384 | Inclusion complexes of V-amylose with undecanoic acid and dodecanol at atomic resolution: X-ray structures with cycloamylose containing 26 D-glucoses (cyclohexaicosaose) as host. | Crystal structures are reported of cycloamylose containing 26 D-glucose residues (CA26, cyclohexaicosaose, C156H260O130) in complexes with undecanoic acid (CA26 x 2C10H21COOH x 34.95 H2O, orthorhombic P2(1)2(1)2(1), one CA26 and two bound undecanoic acids F1 and F2 in the asymmetric unit, resolution 0.95 angstroms) and... |
15167680 | Increased susceptibility to liver injury after hemorrhagic shock in rats chronically fed ethanol: role of nuclear factor-kappa B, interleukin-6, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. | Chronic ethanol use preceding severe trauma and hemorrhagic shock (HS) is associated with an increased incidence of multiorgan failure (MOF) and death; however, the molecular basis for this increased susceptibility is unknown. We previously demonstrated that production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and granulocyte colony-sti... |
15158905 | Bioavailability of carbamazepine:beta-cyclodextrin complex in beagle dogs from hydroxypropylmethylcellulose matrix tablets. | The bioavailability of a carbamazepine:beta-cyclodextrin (CBZ:betaCD) complex from hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) matrix tablets was evaluated in beagle dogs. A solubility study demonstrated the improvement of CBZ aqueous solubility by adding increasing amounts of betaCD. The 1:1 CBZ:betaCD molar ratio was chosen ... |
15158796 | Polymeric and dendrimeric pyridoxal enzyme mimics. | Pyridoxal was covalently attached to polyethylenimine polymers, but the resulting materials were found to degrade rapidly. In comparison, the dendrimeric pyridoxals, which possess only one pyridoxal unit at the core of every dendrimer molecule were found to be relatively stable compounds. A total of 12 poly(amidoamine)... |
15154868 | Treatment of multiple organ failure through sepsis by surgery and blood purification. | For the treatment of multiple organ failure (MOF) through sepsis, we have commonly applied various blood purification modalities during the perioperative period. From January 1996 to December 2000, 33 patients with MOF through sepsis were admitted and operated on in the First Department of Surgery, Akita University Sch... |
15152086 | The dimerization domain of the HIV-1 capsid protein binds a capsid protein-derived peptide: a biophysical characterization. | The type 1 HIV presents a conical capsid formed by approximately 1500 units of the capsid protein, CA. Homodimerization of CA via its C-terminal domain, CA-C, constitutes a key step in virion assembly. CA-C dimerization is largely mediated by reciprocal interactions between residues of its second alpha-helix. Here, we ... |
15152081 | The ankyrin repeat as molecular architecture for protein recognition. | The ankyrin repeat is one of the most frequently observed amino acid motifs in protein databases. This protein-protein interaction module is involved in a diverse set of cellular functions, and consequently, defects in ankyrin repeat proteins have been found in a number of human diseases. Recent biophysical, crystallog... |
15149803 | Bioconjugates of cyclodextrins of manganese salen-type ligand with superoxide dismutase activity. | 6A,6B-Dideoxy-6A,6B-di[(N-salicylidene)amino]-beta-cyclodextrin was synthesized and characterized by NMR, UV and CD spectroscopy in order to prepare a N,N(')-bis-(salicylidene)ethane-1,2-diamine (SalenH(2)) type ligand. The manganese(III) complex was synthesized and characterized by UV and cyclic voltammetry and compar... |
15149798 | Mannose-Escherichia coli interaction in the presence of metal cations studied in vitro by colorimetric polydiacetylene/glycolipid liposomes. | Supramolecular assemblies of liposomes (vesicles) made of diacetylenic lipids and synthetic mannoside derivative glycolipid receptors were successfully used to mimic the molecular recognition occurring between mannose and Escherichia coli. This specific molecular recognition was translated into visible blue-to-red colo... |
15147711 | Fourier-transform infrared and Raman difference spectroscopy studies of the phosphorus-containing dendrimers. | FT IR and Raman spectra of 12 generations of the phosphorus-containing starburst dendrimers containing P=S and P=O bonds with terminal aldehyde and P-Cl groups were compared. The influence of the encirclement on the band frequencies and intensity is studied and due to the predictable, controlled and reproducible struct... |
15147697 | Molecular relaxation processes in the salt systems containing anions of various configurations. | We present in this paper a comparative analysis of the spectral and molecular-relaxation parameters of the ionic salts in the region of solid-liquid phase transition and in the molten state depending on the anion symmetry (thiocyanate (SCN-), a linear rotor, C(infinity v); nitrate (NO3-), a symmetrical top, D3h; and pe... |
15147692 | Effect of n-alkyl chain length on the complexation of phenanthrene and 9-alkyl-phenanthrene with beta-cyclodextrin. | The characteristics of host-guest complexation between beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and phenanthrene derivatives (phenanthrene, n-propyl, n-butyl and n-hexyl-phenanthrene) were investigated by fluorescence spectrometry. Linear and non-linear regression methods were used to estimate the formation constants (K1). A 1:1 st... |
15147683 | Synthesis of tetraamino derivative of thiacalix[4]arene and its acid-base property studied by UV spectroscopy. | The tetraamino derivative of thiacalix[4]arene (4) was synthesized and characterized. Its acid-base property in water solution was studied by UV spectroscopy. The pH distribution regions of several acidic or basic species of 4 were determined. |
15144841 | Spectroscopic study on binding behaviors of different structural nonionic surfactants to cyclodextrins. | The binding of polyethylene glycol (10) n-octylphenyl ether (OPE) and polyethylene glycol (10) tert-octylphenyl ether (Triton X-100, TX) to beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and heptakis(2,3- beta-dimethyl)- beta-CD (DM- beta-CD) was described in detail by surface tension, steady-state fluorescence of OPE and TX, and phospho... |
15144817 | Supramolecular association of a triblock copolymer in water. | Solutions of a poly(oxyethylene)-poly(oxypropylene)-poly(oxyethylene) triblock copolymer, Pluronic F(68), were investigated in isothermal and isopleth mode. Surface tension, sigma, dynamic shear viscosity, n(omega), QELS experiments, and volumetric, colligative, and refractive index measurements characterize the system... |
15142558 | Modulation of adenosine receptor affinity and intrinsic efficacy in adenine nucleosides substituted at the 2-position. | We studied the structural determinants of binding affinity and efficacy of adenosine receptor (AR) agonists. Substituents at the 2-position of adenosine were combined with N(6)-substitutions known to enhance human A(3)AR affinity. Selectivity of binding of the analogues and their functional effects on cAMP production w... |
15142556 | Saccharides as efficacious solubilisers for highly lipophilic compounds in aqueous media. | The bioavailability of lipophilic substrates is critical for biotransformations with isolated enzymes as well as with whole cells. With the example of a series of lipophilic ketones the suitability of saccharides as potent solubilisers for highly lipophilic substrates was demonstrated. Best results were obtained for d-... |
15134784 | New views of the immunological synapse: variations in assembly and function. | The interaction of T cells with antigen-presenting cells results in the formation of a contact face, termed the immunological synapse. The prototypical dynamics of this process are well established and involve cessation of crawling, a highly fluid 'immature' synapse phase during which signaling is initiated, and ultima... |
15129434 | Partitioning of model toxins to hydrophobically terminated DAB dendrimers. | Dendrimers are attractive in biological and biomedical applications due to the similarity in their molecular size to biologically relevant molecules and the large number of chain ends available functionalization. In the current work, we examined the potential of diamino butane (DAB) dendrimers functionalized with long ... |
15125937 | Direct superoxide anion scavenging by a highly water-dispersible carotenoid phospholipid evaluated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. | Synthetic carotenoid analogs, with increased utility for biological applications, are sparingly reported in the literature. Synthetic modification, which may increase the water solubility and/or water dispersibility of lipophilic carotenoids, allows their use in aqueous environments as potent antioxidants against poten... |
15120714 | Phytosterols decrease prostaglandin release in cultured P388D1/MAB macrophages. | Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death in Western societies. Atherosclerosis is a major cardiovascular related disorder that is responsible for 50% of all mortality in the United States. Several epidemiological studies suggest that consumption of a plant-based diet is associated with a decrease... |
15110289 | Properties of mixed alkanethiol-dendrimer layers and their applications in biosensing. | We studied the properties of mixed alkanethiol-dendrimer layers on a gold support and their application in biosensing. We showed that properties of glucose sensor can be modified using a different ratio of 1-hexadecanethiol (HDT) and poly(amidoamine) dendrimer of first generation (G1). The cyclic voltammetry in the pre... |
15110272 | Incorporation of fluorescent probes into PAMAM dendrimers. | Interactions of two fluorescent probes 1-(trimethylammoniumphenyl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5 hexatriene p-toluenesulfonate (TMA-DPH) and 12-(9-anthroyloxy) stearic acid (12-AS) with polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers were studied. Changes in fluorescence intensity and steady-state fluorescence anisotropy of TMA-DPH and 12-AS were ... |
15110271 | Influence of PAMAM dendrimers on human red blood cells. | Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers with different concentrations (1 nM-1 mM) (generations 2, 3, and 4) impact on human red blood cell morphology, and membrane integrity is studied. Erythrocyte shape changes from biconcave to echinocytic in dendrimers. Cell aggregation occurs. Polymers cause also concentration- and gener... |
15110260 | Photophysical and electrochemical properties of chlorophyll a-cyclodextrins complexes. | In this work, we have studied the interactions between two different cyclodextrins (CDs) and chlorophyll a (Chl a) in the presence of electrolyte by means of absorption, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism and cyclic voltammetry. The results obtained indicate that the presence of both CDs gives rise to an inc... |
15110258 | Spectroscopic and electrochemical study of Rose Bengal in aqueous solutions of cyclodextrins. | The interaction of Rose Bengal (RB) in aqueous solution of LiClO4 0.1 M with alpha-cyclodextrin (alpha-CD), hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrins (HP-beta-CD) and hydroxypropyl-gamma-cyclodextrins (HP-gamma-CD) were studied by spectrophotometric measurements. The presence of Induced Circular Signals and the results of the a... |
15110241 | Langmuir-Blodgett films incorporating redox mediators for molecular recognition of NADH. | We focused our studies on the fabrication of nano-organized systems incorporating redox mediators for NADH. We fabricated gold-modified electrodes of phospholipid layers containing a redox mediator for NADH by means of the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique. We chose tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) which is known to decrease ... |
15110239 | Self-assembled monolayers of organosulphur molecules bearing calix[4]arene moieties. | We investigate the self-assembly of modified calix[4]arene on gold surfaces. Calix[4]arene was modified through a reaction sequence which led to assembling of the crown-5 moiety and to the insertion of two thioether groups into the starting molecule. The so-obtained calix[4]arene-crown-5 bis(7-thiatridecyloxy) (hereaft... |
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