id stringlengths 4 8 | title stringlengths 1 642 | abstract stringlengths 50 17.9k |
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16377781 | Easily denaturing nucleic acids derived from intercalating nucleic acids: thermal stability studies, dual duplex invasion and inhibition of transcription start. | The bulged insertions of (R)-1-O-(pyren-1-ylmethyl)glycerol (monomer P) in two complementary 8mer DNA strands (intercalating nucleic acids) opposite to each other resulted in the formation of an easily denaturing duplex, which had lower thermal stability (21.0 degrees C) than the wild-type double-stranded DNA (dsDNA, 2... |
16568183 | Preparation and characterization of Cr(III), Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes of a hexaazadithiophenolate macrocycle. | The ligating properties of the 24-membered macrocyclic dinucleating hexaazadithiophenolate ligand (L(Me))2- towards the transition metal ions Cr(II), Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) have been examined. It is demonstrated that this ligand forms an isostructural series of bioctahedral [(L(Me))M(II)2(OAc)]+ comp... |
16432621 | Metallic magnetic nanoparticles. | In this paper, we reviewed some relevant aspects of the magnetic properties of metallic nanoparticles with small size (below 4 nm), covering the size effects in nanoparticles of magnetic materials, as well as the appearance of magnetism at the nanoscale in materials that are nonferromagnetic in bulk. These results are ... |
16406068 | Individual metal ligands play distinct functional roles in the zinc sensor Staphylococcus aureus CzrA. | Recent studies on metalloregulatory proteins suggest that coordination number/geometry and metal ion availability in a host cytosol are key determinants for biological specificity. Here, we investigate the contribution that individual metal ligands of the alpha5 sensing site of Staphylococcus aureus CzrA (Asp84, His86,... |
16376868 | Chitosan bicomponent nanofibers and nanoporous fibers. | Nanofibers with average diameters between 20 and 100nm have been prepared by electrospinning of 82.5% deacetylated chitosan (Mv=1600 kDa) mixed with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA, Mw=124-186 kDa) in 2% (v/v) aqueous acetic acid. The formation of bicomponent fibers was feasible with 3% concentration of solution containing up... |
16374515 | Neuronal eotaxin and the effects of CCR3 antagonist on airway hyperreactivity and M2 receptor dysfunction. | Eosinophils cluster around airway nerves in patients with fatal asthma and in antigen-challenged animals. Activated eosinophils release major basic protein, which blocks inhibitory M2 muscarinic receptors (M2Rs) on nerves, increasing acetylcholine release and potentiating vagally mediated bronchoconstriction. We tested... |
16373509 | Complementary base-pair-facilitated electron tunneling for electrically pinpointing complementary nucleobases. | Molecular tips in scanning tunneling microscopy can directly detect intermolecular electron tunneling between sample and tip molecules and reveal the tunneling facilitation through chemical interactions that provide overlap of respective electronic wave functions, that is, hydrogen-bond, metal-coordination-bond, and ch... |
16373436 | Penile erection requires association of soluble guanylyl cyclase with endothelial caveolin-1 in rat corpus cavernosum. | Erectile dysfunction is caused by a variety of pathogenic factors, particularly impaired formation and action of nitric oxide (NO). NO released from nerve endings and corpus cavernosum endothelial cells plays a crucial role in initiating and maintaining increased intracavernous pressure, penile vasodilatation, and peni... |
16373348 | Mechanism of chain selection in the assembly of collagen IV: a prominent role for the alpha2 chain. | Collagens comprise a large superfamily of extracellular matrix proteins that play diverse roles in tissue function. The mechanism by which newly synthesized collagen chains recognize each other and assemble into specific triple-helical molecules is a fundamental question that remains unanswered. Emerging evidence sugge... |
16371710 | Coherent propagation of white X-rays in a planar waveguide. | The far-field diffraction pattern of a front-coupled planar waveguide supporting two guided modes has been measured using a white X-ray beam. Interference of the guided modes leads to a characteristic variation of the far-field diffraction pattern for different photon energies. The experiment verifies the predicted pro... |
16442074 | The importance of valency in enhancing the import and cell routing potential of protein transduction domain-containing molecules. | Protein transduction domains (PTDs) are peptides that afford the internalization of cargo macromolecules (including plasmid DNA, proteins, liposomes, and nanoparticles). In the case of polycationic peptides, the efficiency of PTDs to promote cellular uptake is directly related to their molecular mass or their polyvalen... |
16373993 | Dose-dependent inhibition of the post-prandial glycaemic response to a standard carbohydrate meal following incorporation of alpha-cyclodextrin. | <h4>Background</h4>This study evaluated the dose-response effects of alpha-cyclodextrin, a cyclic oligosaccharide, on the glycaemic and insulinaemic responses to the consumption of a standard carbohydrate meal.<h4>Methods</h4>In a double-blind, randomised, cross-over design, 10 healthy subjects consumed boiled white ri... |
16432568 | Cyclodextrin-based isolation of Ostwald's metastable polymorphs occurring during crystallization. | We describe a novel approach for the selective isolation of Ostwald's intermediate metastable polymorphs occurring during an early stage of crystallization, by utilizing the inclusion complex formed with a cyclic oligosaccharide derivative, 2,6-di-O-methyl-beta-cyclodextrin. |
16430916 | Structure of the regulatory apparatus of a calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK): a novel mode of calmodulin-target recognition. | Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are a class of calcium-binding sensory proteins that are found in plants and certain protozoa, including the causative agent of malaria, Plasmodium falciparum. CDPKs have diverse regulatory functions, including involvement in the triggering of the lytic cycle of malarial infect... |
16427651 | GroEL walks the fine line: the subtle balance of substrate and co-chaperonin binding by GroEL. A combinatorial investigation by design, selection and screening. | While support in protein folding by molecular chaperones is extremely efficient for endogenous polypeptides, it often fails for recombinant proteins in a bacterial host, thus constituting a major hurdle for protein research and biotechnology. To understand the reasons for this difference and to answer the question of w... |
16405908 | Conformational diversity of ligands bound to proteins. | The phenomenon of molecular recognition, which underpins almost all biological processes, is dynamic, complex and subtle. Establishing an interaction between a pair of molecules involves mutual structural rearrangements guided by a highly convoluted energy landscape, the accurate mapping of which continues to elude us.... |
16403516 | The anti-angiogenic peptide anginex disrupts the cell membrane. | Anginex is a synthetic beta-sheet peptide with anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activity. When added to cultured endothelial cells at concentrations ranging from 2.5 microM to 25 microM, anginex induced cell death, which was reflected by a strong increase of subdiploid cells and fragments, loss of cellular ATP, and LDH r... |
16375913 | Adsorption-induced fibronectin aggregation and fibrillogenesis. | Fibronectin (Fn), a high molecular weight glycoprotein, is a central element of extracellular matrix architecture that is involved in several fundamental cell processes. In the context of bone biology, little is known about the influence of the mineral surface on fibronectin supramolecular assembly. We investigate fibr... |
16368697 | DNA reshaping by MukB. Right-handed knotting, left-handed supercoiling. | MukB is a bacterial SMC (structural maintenance of chromosome) protein required for faithful chromosome segregation in Escherichia coli. We report here that purified MukB introduces right-handed knots into DNA in the presence of type-2 topoisomerase, indicating that the protein promotes intramolecular DNA condensation.... |
16368228 | Design of poly(ethylene glycol)-tethered copolymers as novel mucoadhesive drug delivery systems. | We developed novel acrylic-based polymers that can be used as mucoadhesive delivery systems. Poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels were modified by grafting adhesion promoter chains such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) onto their back-bone chains, thus promoting the adhesive process by interpenetration. The copolymers synthesize... |
16368003 | Involvement of claudin-7 in HIV infection of CD4(-) cells. | <h4>Background</h4>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of CD4(-) cells has been demonstrated, and this may be an important mechanism for HIV transmission.<h4>Results</h4>We demonstrated that a membrane protein, claudin-7 (CLDN-7), is involved in HIV infection of CD4(-) cells. A significant increase in HIV susc... |
16364404 | Isomeric analysis of BTEXs in the atmosphere using beta-cyclodextrin capillary chromatography coupled with thermal desorption and mass spectrometry. | An analytical method capable of determining trace levels of BTEX-aromatics (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m-, p- and o-xylenes) in the atmosphere with as high resolution as possible has been developed. The method is based on the preconcentration of air samples using a multibed tube (Carbopack C, Carbograph 1) at ambi... |
16364359 | Influence of interfacial features in the supramolecular assembly of 3,5-dihydroxybenzylalcohol based dendrimers on Si/SiO2 surfaces. | Self-organization of 3,5-dihydroxybenzylalcohol (DHBA) based dendrimers of generations 0-3 (G0-G3) on bare and functionalized single crystal silicon (Si/SiO2) surfaces has been examined. The underlying monolayer plays a significant role in the supramolecular assembly leading to ordered structures of DHBA (G0) and gener... |
16364340 | Development of an analytical method using microchip capillary electrophoresis for the measurement of fluorescein-labeled salivary components in response to exercise stress. | We have developed an analytical method using microchip capillary electrophoresis (microchip CE) for the high-speed separation of fluorescein-labeled salivary components in response to exercise stress. Optimal separation was obtained using a borate buffer at pH 9.5 containing 10 mM beta-cyclodextrin and 1.0% (w/v) methy... |
16364333 | Determination of steroids in human plasma using temperature-dependent inclusion chromatography for metabolomic investigations. | Clinical and metabolomic investigations of complex human fluids require cost-effective methodologies that can rapidly assess the steroid hormone milieu of individual samples. The efficiency of quantification of many steroids is limited using immunoassays as these methods can only measure a single component of biologica... |
16364296 | The expression of advanced glycation endproduct receptors in rpe cells associated with basal deposits in human maculas. | Basal deposits within Bruch's membrane are associated with aging and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) although the factors causing their formation are incompletely understood. Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) accumulate in Bruch's membrane including basal deposits and drusen with aging. One mechanism by whic... |
16364270 | Enzymatic preparation of maltohexaose, maltoheptaose, and maltooctaose by the preferential cyclomaltooligosaccharide (cyclodextrin) ring-opening reaction of Pyrococcus furiosus thermostable amylase. | Specific-length maltooligosaccharides, particularly maltohexaose, maltoheptaose, and maltooctaose, were prepared from cyclomaltooligosaccharides (cyclodextrins, CDs) by the preferential cyclodextrin ring-opening reaction of an amylolytic enzyme from Pyrococcus furiosus. The enzyme primarily produces maltohexaose, malto... |
16446810 | Control of self-aggregation of fullerenes by connection with calix[4]arene: solvent- and guest-effects to particle size. | A new molecular design of fullerene derivatives exhibiting trigger-responsive self-aggregation in organic solvents has been established. Calix[4]arene was covalently connected with fullerene in order to apply host-guest interaction to the aggregation control. The self-assembly behaviour was studied in organic solvents ... |
16446803 | Binding of monovalent metal cations by the p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene: experimental evidence for cation-pi interactions in water. | Gibbs free energies, enthalpies and entropies for the binding of Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Ag+, Tl+ and NH4+ by the p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene in water are determined by microcalorimetry. Whereas no significant heat effect is detected with Na+ or Ag+, suggesting that these cations are not complexed, weak but selective binding i... |
16432566 | Constructing 2D porous material based on the assembly of large organic ions: p-sulfonatocalix[8]arene and tetraphenylphosphonium ions. | In the presence of tetraphenylphosphonium and aquated ytterbium(III) ions, conformationally flexible p-sulfonato-calix[8]arene forms an extended structure with two dimensional porosity involving the assembly of phosphonium cations and 'molecular capsules' comprised of two calixarenes shrouding three phosphonium cations... |
16386233 | Kinetic aspects of alkaline phosphatase refolding in the presence of alpha-cyclodextrin. | To get a better understanding of the molecular aspects of protein folding, the refolding kinetic behavior of guanidine hydrochloride-denatured alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was studied in the presence of alpha-cyclodextrin (alpha-CD) through two different approaches: the dilution additive and the artificial chaperone-assi... |
16361069 | Molecular pathways mediating mechanical signaling in bone. | Bone tissue has the capacity to adapt to its functional environment such that its morphology is "optimized" for the mechanical demand. The adaptive nature of the skeleton poses an interesting set of biological questions (e.g., how does bone sense mechanical signals, what cells are the sensing system, what are the mecha... |
16365300 | Femtochemistry of orange II in solution and in chemical and biological nanocavities. | In this work, we report on studies of the nature of the dynamics and hydrophobic binding in cyclodextrins and human serum albumin protein complexes with orange II. With femtosecond time resolution, we examined the proton-transfer and trans-cis isomerization reactions of the ligand in these nanocavities and in pure solv... |
16365289 | A MAPK gene from Dead Sea fungus confers stress tolerance to lithium salt and freezing-thawing: Prospects for saline agriculture. | The Dead Sea is one of the most saline lakes on earth ( approximately 340 g/liter salinity) and is approximately 10 times saltier than the oceans. Eurotium herbariorum, a common fungal species, was isolated from its water. EhHOG gene, encoding a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) that plays an essential role in th... |
16511260 | Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of PH1566, a putative ribosomal RNA-processing factor from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus horikoshii OT3. | A putative ribosomal RNA-processing factor consisting of two KH domains from Pyrococcus horikoshii OT3 (PH1566; 25 kDa) was crystallized by the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method using PEG 3000 as the precipitant. The crystals diffracted X-rays to beyond 2.0 A resolution using a synchrotron-radiation source. The spac... |
16511255 | Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of the catalytic domain of the Escherichia coli tRNase colicin D. | The tRNase domain of colicin D, which cleaves only tRNA(Arg)s at the 3' side of their anticodon loops, has been expressed in Escherichia coli with its inhibitor protein and purified to a form free from the inhibitor using a low-pH buffer. Crystals were obtained by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method at 278 K from ... |
16397338 | Hydrogen-bonded sheets in the 1:1 cocrystal of biphenyl-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid with 2,5-di-4-pyridyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole. | The combination of biphenyl-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid (H2bpa) and the bent dipyridyl base 2,5-di-4-pyridyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (4-bpo) in a 1:1 molar ratio leads to the formation of the molecular co-crystal (H2bpa).(4-bpo) or C14H10O4.C12H8N4O. The asymmetric unit contains one-half of an H2bpa unit lying across a centre of i... |
16361359 | Clathrin-mediated endocytosis of FITC-albumin in alveolar type II epithelial cell line RLE-6TN. | We examined mechanisms of FITC-albumin uptake by alveolar type II epithelial cells using cultured RLE-6TN cells. Alkaline phosphatase activity and the expression of cytokeratin 19 mRNA, which are characteristic features of alveolar type II epithelial cells, were detected in RLE-6TN cells. The uptake of FITC-albumin by ... |
16361337 | Structure, surface interactions, and compressibility of bacterial S-layers through scanning force microscopy and the surface force apparatus. | Two-dimensional crystalline bacterial surface layers (S-layers) are found in a broad range of bacteria and archaea as the outermost cell envelope component. The self-assembling properties of the S-layers permit them to recrystallize on solid substrates. Beyond their biological interest as S-layers, they are currently u... |
16568182 | Fullerene bridged metallocyclodextrin donor-acceptor complexes: optical spectroscopy and photophysics. | Two pyridine substituted beta-cyclodextrins have been synthesized and coordinated to the photoactive metal centres, [Ru(II)(bpy)2] and [Re(I)(CO)3bpy], where bpy is 2,2'-bipyridyl. The photophysical and electrochemical properties of these model complexes have been examined and compared with dinuclear complexes formed w... |
16491172 | Lanthanide-induced helical arrays of [{Co(III) sepulchrate} intersection {p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene}] supermolecules. | In the presence of lanthanide ions, a Co(III) sepulchrate cation [Co(diHOsar)]3+ and sodium p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene form a 1:1 host-guest complex which is self-assembled into a zeolite-like lattice network comprised of parallel, single stranded helices. |
16362042 | Structural basis for Gas6-Axl signalling. | Receptor tyrosine kinases of the Axl family are activated by the vitamin K-dependent protein Gas6. Axl signalling plays important roles in cancer, spermatogenesis, immunity, and platelet function. The crystal structure at 3.3 A resolution of a minimal human Gas6/Axl complex reveals an assembly of 2:2 stoichiometry, in ... |
16362039 | CLIP-170 facilitates the formation of kinetochore-microtubule attachments. | CLIP-170 is a microtubule 'plus end tracking' protein involved in several microtubule-dependent processes in interphase. At the onset of mitosis, CLIP-170 localizes to kinetochores, but at metaphase, it is no longer detectable at kinetochores. Although RNA interference (RNAi) experiments have suggested an essential rol... |
16362037 | Molecular basis of RNA recognition by the human alternative splicing factor Fox-1. | The Fox-1 protein regulates alternative splicing of tissue-specific exons by binding to GCAUG elements. Here, we report the solution structure of the Fox-1 RNA binding domain (RBD) in complex with UGCAUGU. The last three nucleotides, UGU, are recognized in a canonical way by the four-stranded beta-sheet of the RBD. In ... |
16359835 | Incorporation of the sunscreen agent, octyl methoxycinnamate in a cellulosic fabric grafted with beta-cyclodextrin. | The aim of the study was to investigate the incorporation of the sunscreen agent, octyl methoxycinnamate into cyclodextrin cavities covalently bound to cloth fibres. Tencel, a cellulosic fabric, was grafted with beta-cyclodextrin molecules through reaction with monochlorotriazinyl-beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CDMCT). The fi... |
16359834 | Lack of effect of beta-cyclodextrin and its water-soluble derivatives on in vitro drug transport across rat intestinal epithelium. | The present study aimed to investigate whether beta-cyclodetxrin (beta-CD) and its water-soluble derivatives, hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD) and sulfobutyl ether beta-cyclodextrin (SBE-beta-CD), exert any effects on the permeation of two drug transport markers (propranolol and lucifer yellow) across rat i... |
16359784 | Enhanced electrokinetic dissolution of naphthalene and 2,4-DNT from contaminated soils. | Electrokinetic soil remediation has been proven to remove heavy metals and polar organics from low hydraulic conductivity subsurface environment. In this study, carboxymethyl-beta-cyclodextrin (CMCD) was used as a carrier to assist electrokinetic treatment for removal of low polarity organic contaminants from soils (2.... |
16359641 | Structure activity and molecular modeling analyses of ribose- and base-modified uridine 5'-triphosphate analogues at the human P2Y2 and P2Y4 receptors. | With the long-term goal of developing receptor subtype-selective high affinity agonists for the uracil nucleotide-activated P2Y receptors we have carried out a series of structure activity and molecular modeling studies of the human P2Y2 and P2Y4 receptors. UTP analogues with substitutions in the 2'-position of the rib... |
16357320 | Selective activation of TACI by syndecan-2. | B-lymphocyte homeostasis and function are regulated by complementary actions of the TNFR family members TACI, BCMA, and BAFF-R, which are expressed by mature B cells. How these receptors are differentially activated is not entirely understood, because the primary ligand BAFF binds to all three. We searched for alternat... |
16343960 | The hydration structure of 18-crown-6/K+ complex as studied by Monte Carlo simulation using ab initio fitted potential. | The intermolecular potential between a 18-crown-6/K+ complex and a water molecule is derived from 1200 energy points obtained from quantum chemical calculations using the 6-31G** basis set. The ab initio fitted potential was then applied to study the structural properties of the complex in an aqueous solution using the... |
16343525 | Phase transfer of gold nanoparticles from aqueous to organic solution containing resorcinarene. | Citrate-capped gold nanoparticles (NPs) in aqueous solution were transferred directly into the organic solution mesitylene containing C-undecylcalix[4]-resorcinarene (C11-resorcinarene). C11-resorcinarene, which has long hydrophobic tails and phenolic hydroxyl groups, acted as both a phase-transfer and a capping agent.... |
16357200 | A therapeutic aptamer inhibits angiogenesis by specifically targeting the heparin binding domain of VEGF165. | Aptamers recognize their targets with extraordinary affinity and specificity. The aptamer-based therapeutic, Macugen, is derived from a modified 2'fluoro pyrimidine RNA inhibitor to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and is now being used to treat the wet form of age-related macular degeneration. This VEGF(165) ... |
16362048 | Crystal structure of a clip-domain serine protease and functional roles of the clip domains. | Clip-domain serine proteases (SPs) are the essential components of extracellular signaling cascades in various biological processes, especially in embryonic development and the innate immune responses of invertebrates. They consist of a chymotrypsin-like SP domain and one or two clip domains at the N-terminus. Propheno... |
16432575 | Surface self-assembly of the cyanuric acid-melamine hydrogen bonded network. | A hydrogen-bonded bimolecular network formed between cyanuric acid (CA) and melamine (M), CA x M, has been prepared by a surface-based self-assembly process; the monolayer CA x M network is prepared under ultra-high vacuum conditions either by sequential deposition of CA followed by M, or through simultaneous depositio... |
16362289 | Fabrication and characterization of stable ultrathin film micropatterns containing DNA and photosensitive polymer diazoresin. | Stable, ultrathin DNA micropatterns were fabricated from photosensitive polymer diazoresin (DR) through a self-assembly technique. The micropatterns were achieved on LBL ultrathin film after UV exposure through a photomask. The patterns were characterized systematically with scanning electron microscopy, atomic force m... |
16391766 | Inclusion of naturally occurring amino acids in water soluble calix[4]arenes: a microcalorimetric and 1H NMR investigation supported by molecular modeling. | The thermodynamic parameters for the inclusion of some naturally occurring amino acids into a series of p-sulfonated calix[4]arenes, were determined via both 1H NMR and calorimetric titrations in buffered aqueous solution at 25 degrees C. The calorimetric data show that inclusion is enthalpically driven in all cases, r... |
16391763 | Synthesis of carbosilane dendritic wedges and their use for the construction of dendritic receptors. | A divergent route for the synthesis of carbosilane wedges that contain either a bromine or amine as focal point has been developed. These new building blocks enable the construction of various core-functionalized carbosilane dendrimers. As a typical example carbosilane dendrimers up to the third generation containing a... |
16356765 | Determination of trace silver by solid substrate-room temperature phosphorescence quenching method based on double catalytic system of meta-nitrophenyfluorone-polyoxyethylene-chromium-potassium bromate-beta-cyclodextrin. | A new solid substrate-room temperature phosphorescence (SS-RTP) quenching method for the determination of trace silver has been established. It is based on the fact that when using Mg(2+) as ion perturber and beta-CD as surfactant, the system of meta-nitrophenyfluorone (R)-polyoxyethylene-Cr(III) can emit strong and st... |
16356714 | Synthesis of 3-benzyl-2-substituted quinoxalines as novel monoamine oxidase A inhibitors. | A new series of 3-benzyl-2-substituted quinoxalines have been synthesized by means of microwave enhancement of nucleophilic substitution reaction involving the corresponding 2-chloroquinoxaline analogs and substituted amines or hydrazine. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their monoamine oxidase A and B inhi... |
16356510 | Self-assembly of amino-functionalized monolayers on silicon surfaces and preparation of superhydrophobic surfaces based on alkanoic acid dual layers and surface roughening. | Reproducibly smooth amino-functionalized surfaces were obtained by deposition of aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) at the vapor/solid interface. Characteristics of these amino-functionalized surfaces were evaluated based on atomic force microscopy, water contact angle measurement and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.... |
16356509 | Investigation on gamma-cyclodextrin nanotube induced by N,N'-diphenylbenzidine molecule. | Dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurement provides an effective way to investigate the formation of nanotube of gamma-cyclodextrin (gamma-CD) induced by N,N'-diphenylbenzidine (DPB) in water. With the combination of steady-state fluorescence and fluorescence anisotropy experiments, it was found that for alpha- and bet... |
16352655 | A simple method to predict protein-binding from aligned sequences--application to MHC superfamily and beta2-microglobulin. | <h4>Motivation</h4>The MHC superfamily (MhcSF) consists of immune system MHC class I (MHC-I) proteins, along with proteins with a MHC-I-like structure that are involved in a large variety of biological processes. beta2-Microglobulin (B2M) non-covalent binding to MHC-I proteins is required for their surface expression a... |
16352453 | Genotype-phenotype relationships involving hypertrophic cardiomyopathy-associated mutations in titin, muscle LIM protein, and telethonin. | <h4>Background</h4>TTN-encoded titin, CSRP3-encoded muscle LIM protein, and TCAP-encoded telethonin are Z-disc proteins essential for the structural organization of the cardiac sarcomere and the cardiomyocyte's stretch sensor. All three genes have been established as cardiomyopathy-associated genes for both dilated car... |
16352432 | Preparation and preliminary biological evaluation of a (166)Ho labeled polyazamacrocycle for possible use as an intravascular brachytherapy (IVBT) agent. | (166)Ho can be considered as a potential radionuclide for intravascular brachytherapy (IVBT) using liquid-filled balloons owing to its suitable nuclear decay characteristics. The possibility of producing (166)Ho with adequate specific activity using moderate flux reactors and natural holmium target makes it an attracti... |
16351724 | SP-A binds alpha1-antitrypsin in vitro and reduces the association rate constant for neutrophil elastase. | <h4>Background</h4>Alpha1-antitrypsin and surfactant protein-A (SP-A) are major lung defense proteins. With the hypothesis that SP-A could bind alpha1-antitrypsin, we designed a series of in vitro experiments aimed at investigating the nature and consequences of such an interaction.<h4>Methods and results</h4>At an alp... |
16352865 | Molecular flexibility in ab initio drug docking to DNA: binding-site and binding-mode transitions in all-atom Monte Carlo simulations. | The dynamics of biological processes depend on the structure and flexibility of the interacting molecules. In particular, the conformational diversity of DNA allows for large deformations upon binding. Drug-DNA interactions are of high pharmaceutical interest since the mode of action of anticancer, antiviral, antibacte... |
16514456 | Sequential ring closing/opening metathesis for the highly selective synthesis of a triply bifunctionalized alpha-cyclodextrin. | Metathesis versatility has been exploited to reveal the cyclic directionality of cyclodextrins and to selectively synthesise a unique cyclodextrin bearing three pairs of orthogonal protecting groups on its primary rim. |
16432562 | Formation of highly ordered porphyrin adlayers induced by electrochemical potential modulation. | Molecular self-assembly of porphyrin derivatives formed with intermolecular hydrogen bonding on the surface of Au(111) electrode in acidic solution can be controlled by varying the number of peripheral carboxy groups and the applied electrochemical potential. |
16344478 | Apolipoprotein (apo) E4 enhances amyloid beta peptide production in cultured neuronal cells: apoE structure as a potential therapeutic target. | Apolipoprotein (apo) E4 is a major risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, and many studies have suggested that apoE has isoform-specific effects on the deposition or clearance of amyloid beta (Abeta) peptides. We examined the effects of apoE isoforms on the processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and on Abeta produ... |
16397329 | Diaquamalonato(1,10-phenanthroline)zinc(II). | In the crystal structure of the title complex, [Zn(C3H2O4)(C12H8N2)(H2O)2], the Zn(II) atom displays a distorted octahedral geometry, being coordinated by two N atoms from the 1,10-phenanthroline ligand, two O atoms from different carboxylate groups of the chelating malonate dianion and two O atoms of cis water molecul... |
16397324 | Hydrogen-bonded supramolecular structures of three related 4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-1,4-dihydropyridines. | In ethyl 5-cyano-2,6-dimethyl-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate, C15H15N3O5, the molecules are linked into chains by a single N-H...O hydrogen bond. The molecules in diethyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate, C17H20N2O7, are linked by a combination of one N-H...O... |
16397316 | Three-dimensional supramolecular structures in (E,E)-N,N'-bis(4-nitrobenzylidene)butane-1,4-diamine and (E,E)-N,N'-bis(4-nitrobenzylidene)hexane-1,6-diamine. | In both (E,E)-N,N'-bis(4-nitrobenzylidene)butane-1,4-diamine, C18H18N4O4, (III), and (E,E)-N,N'-bis(4-nitrobenzylidene)hexane-1,6-diamine, C20H22N4O4, (IV), the molecules lie across centres of inversion in space groups P-1 and P2(1)/c, respectively. In (III), the three-dimensional supramolecular structure is built from... |
16336694 | Oligomeric protein structure networks: insights into protein-protein interactions. | <h4>Background</h4>Protein-protein association is essential for a variety of cellular processes and hence a large number of investigations are being carried out to understand the principles of protein-protein interactions. In this study, oligomeric protein structures are viewed from a network perspective to obtain new ... |
16750480 | Near-infrared laser illumination transforms the fluorescence absorbing X-Gal reaction product BCI into a transparent, yet brightly fluorescent substance. | The beta-galactosidase protein generated by the bacterial LacZ gene is widely used to map gene expression patterns. The ease of its use is only rivaled by green fluorescent protein, which can be used in combination with various other procedures such as immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry, or tract tracing. The beta-gal... |
16551374 | Molecular recognition. 1. Crystal structures of hexaazamacrocyclic amines containing p-xylylene spacers and their adducts with acids. | The macrocyclic amine, 1,5,9,18,22,26-hexaaza [11.11]-p-cyclophane (1) contains two dipropylenetriamine units which make the molecule highly basic. Owing to this basicity, 1 can be highly protonated in acidic media and can form supramolecular assemblies with different anions. Two new supramolecular structures arise fro... |
16547538 | Light-emitting iridium(III) and ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes containing quadruple hydrogen-bonding moieties. | A novel compound containing both a 2,2'-bipyridine as well as a 2-ureido-4[1H]-ureidopyrimidinone supramolecular moiety (3) has been synthesised and fully characterized by 1H-NMR, MALDI-TOFMS, UV-vis and IR spectroscopy. Subsequent coordination to iridium and ruthenium polypyridyl precursors allowed the formation of ir... |
16542030 | Hydrogen bonding patterns in the cocrystals of 5-nitrouracil with several donor and acceptor molecules. | : Cocrystals of 5-nitrouracil with solvent molecules, dioxane, pyridine, DMSO, formamide and ethanol as well as with piperazine, N, N'-dimethylpiperazine, 3-aminopyridine and diazabicyclo [2.2.2]octane obtained by deliberate inclusion, have been examined by X-ray crystallography. The tape structure found in the parent ... |
16339886 | Temperature dependence and thermodynamics of Klenow polymerase binding to primed-template DNA. | DNA binding of Klenow polymerase has been characterized with respect to temperature to delineate the thermodynamic driving forces involved in the interaction of this polymerase with primed-template DNA. The temperature dependence of the binding affinity exhibits distinct curvature, with tightest binding at 25-30 degree... |
16339876 | Structure of core domain of fibril-forming PHF/Tau fragments. | Short peptide sequences within the microtubule binding domain of the protein Tau are proposed to be core nucleation sites for formation of amyloid fibrils displaying the paired helical filament (PHF) morphology characteristic of neurofibrillary tangles. To study the structure of these proposed nucleation sites, we anal... |
16338144 | Investigation of noncovalent complexes between beta-cyclodextrin and polyamide acids containing N-methylpyrrole and N-methylimidazole by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. | Electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry was utilized to investigate noncovalent complexes between beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and five novel polyamide acids containing N-methylpyrrole and N-methylimidazole. The 1:1 binding mode was specified by examining the binding stoichiometry from ESI mass spectra. It found... |
16391767 | Monitoring cyclodextrin-polyviologen pseudopolyrotaxanes with the Bradford assay. | Self-assembled multivalent pseudopolyrotaxanes, composed of lactoside-bearing cyclodextrin (CD) rings threaded on linear polyviologen polymers, have been introduced recently as flexible and dynamic neoglycoconjugates. In the course of this research, it was found that polyviologens are responsive to the Bradford assay, ... |
16339907 | Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis Cyt1Aa synergizes Cry11Aa toxin by functioning as a membrane-bound receptor. | Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis produces crystal proteins, Cry (4Aa, 4Ba, 10Aa, and 11Aa) and Cyt (1Aa and 2Ba) proteins, toxic to mosquito vectors of human diseases. Cyt1Aa overcomes insect resistance to Cry11Aa and Cry4 toxins and synergizes the toxicity of these toxins. However, the molecular mechanism of ... |
16339898 | A selective metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 agonist: activation of receptor signaling via an allosteric site modulates stress parameters in vivo. | Metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) subtypes (mGluR1 to mGluR8) act as important pre- and postsynaptic regulators of neurotransmission in the CNS. These receptors consist of two domains, an extracellular region containing the orthosteric agonist site and a transmembrane heptahelical domain involved in G protein act... |
16339278 | Chromium activates glucose transporter 4 trafficking and enhances insulin-stimulated glucose transport in 3T3-L1 adipocytes via a cholesterol-dependent mechanism. | Evidence suggests that chromium supplementation may alleviate symptoms associated with diabetes, such as high blood glucose and lipid abnormalities, yet a molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we report that trivalent chromium in the chloride (CrCl3) or picolinate (CrPic) salt forms mobilize the glucose transporte... |
16339182 | Cholesterol and synaptic transmitter release at crayfish neuromuscular junctions. | During exocytosis of synaptic transmitters, the fusion of highly curved synaptic vesicle membranes with the relatively planar cell membrane requires the coordinated action of several proteins. The role of membrane lipids in the regulation of transmitter release is less well understood. Since it helps to control membran... |
16339309 | Structure of peptide sex pheromone receptor PrgX and PrgX/pheromone complexes and regulation of conjugation in Enterococcus faecalis. | Many bacterial activities, including expression of virulence factors, horizontal genetic transfer, and production of antibiotics, are controlled by intercellular signaling using small molecules. To date, understanding of the molecular mechanisms of peptide-mediated cell-cell signaling has been limited by a dearth of pu... |
16341092 | Different HECT domain ubiquitin ligases employ distinct mechanisms of polyubiquitin chain synthesis. | Individual ubiquitin (Ub)-protein ligases (E3s) cooperate with specific Ub-conjugating enzymes (E2s) to modify cognate substrates with polyubiquitin chains. E3s belonging to the Really Interesting New Gene (RING) and Homologous to E6-Associated Protein (E6AP) C-Terminus (HECT) domain families utilize distinct molecular... |
16331414 | Characterization of a Mis12 homologue in Arabidopsis thaliana. | The centromere/kinetochore represents an important complex on chromosomes that contains a large number of proteins and facilitates accurate chromosome segregation during cell division. Fission yeast Mis12 and its human homologue hMis12 have been identified as essential kinetochore components. Although homologues have b... |
16331413 | Behaviour of Sinapis alba chromosomes in a Brassica napus background revealed by genomic in-situ hybridization. | Genomic in-situ hybridization (GISH) was applied to study the behaviour of addition chromosomes in first and second backcross (BC) progenies of hybrids between Brassica napus ssp. napus L. (AACC, 2n = 38) and Sinapis alba L. (SS, 2n = 24) produced by electrofusion. With GISH using genomic DNA of S. alba was used as pro... |
16331412 | Allele-specific methylation of a functional CTCF binding site upstream of MEG3 in the human imprinted domain of 14q32. | The gene MEG3 is located in the imprinted human chromosomal region on 14q32. Imprinting of a structurally homologous region IGF2/H19 on 11p15 is mediated through cytosine methylation-controlled binding of the protein CTCF to target sites upstream of H19. We identified five new CTCF binding sites around the promoter of ... |
16331411 | Characterization and evolutionary dynamics of a complex family of satellite DNA in the leaf beetle Chrysolina carnifex (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae). | The present study characterizes the complex satellite DNA from the specialized phytophagous beetle species Chrysolina carnifex. The satellite DNA is formed by six monomer types, partially homologous but having diverged enough to be separate on the phylogenetic trees, since each monomer type is located on a different br... |
16331410 | Avian genomes: different karyotypes but a similar distribution of the GC-richest chromosome regions at interphase. | The chicken karyotype, like that of the vast majority of avian species, shows a large number of dot-shaped microchromosomes that are characterized, like most telomeric regions of the macrochromosomes, by the highest GC levels and the highest gene densities. In interphase nuclei, these gene-dense regions are centrally l... |
16331409 | Chromosomal localization of the telomeric (TTAGGG)n sequence in four species of Armadillo (Dasypodidae) from Argentina: an approach to explaining karyotype evolution in the Xenarthra. | The distribution of the vertebrate telomeric sequence (TTAGGG)(n) in four species of armadillos (Dasypodidae, Xenarthra), i.e. Chaetophractus villosus (2n = 60), Chaetophractus vellerosus (2n = 62), Dasypus hybridus (2n = 64) and Zaedyus pichiy (2n = 62) was examined by FISH with a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probe. Bes... |
16331408 | The dragon lizard Pogona vitticeps has ZZ/ZW micro-sex chromosomes. | The bearded dragon, Pogona vitticeps (Agamidae: Reptilia) is an agamid lizard endemic to Australia. Like crocodilians and many turtles, temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) is common in agamid lizards, although many species have genotypic sex determination (GSD). P. vitticeps is reported to have GSD, but no de... |
16331407 | Engineered human dicentric chromosomes show centromere plasticity. | The centromere is essential for the faithful distribution of a cell's genetic material to subsequent generations. Despite intense scrutiny, the precise genetic and epigenetic basis for centromere function is still unknown. Here, we have used engineered dicentric human chromosomes to investigate mammalian centromere str... |
18970649 | On the use of dispersed nanoparticles modified with single layer beta-cyclodextrin as chiral selecor to enhance enantioseparation of clenbuterol with capillary electrophoresis. | A new strategy for chiral separation by capillary electrophoresis employing modified-nanoparticles as chiral selector is described for clenbuterol analysis. Nanoparticles modified with beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) form a large surface area platform to serve as a pseudostationary chiral phase, which can be applied for th... |
16594634 | Ophthalmic drug design based on the metabolic activity of the eye: soft drugs and chemical delivery systems. | Despite its apparent easy accessibility, the eye is, in fact, well protected against the absorption of foreign materials, including therapeutic agents, by the eyelids, by the tear-flow, and by the permeability barriers imposed by the cornea on one side and the blood-retinal barrier on the other. Most existing ophthalmi... |
16594633 | The role of crystallography in drug design. | Structure and function are intimately related. Nowhere is this more important than the area of bioactive molecules. It has been shown that the enantioselectivity of an enzyme is directly related to its chirality. X-ray crystallography is the only method for determining the "absolute" configuration of a molecule and is ... |
16378646 | The role of supramolecular protein complexes and membrane potential in transmembrane signaling processes of lymphocytes. | The formation of protein patterns in lymphocyte plasma membranes is analyzed in the light of past and, also, very recent experiments. The analysis surveys the lateral organization of major histocompatibility complex glycoproteins, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, interleukin-2 and -15 receptors, Kv1.3 K+ ion channels... |
16373071 | Solution structure of a two-repeat fragment of major vault protein. | Major vault protein (MVP) is the main constituent of vaults, large ribonucleoprotein particles implicated in resistance to cancer therapy and correlated with poor survival prognosis. Here, we report the structure of the main repeat element in human MVP. The approximately 55 amino acid residue MVP domain has a unique, n... |
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