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8413108 | [Analgesic efficacy and the tolerance for piroxicam-beta-cyclodextrin compared to piroxicam, paracetamol and placebo in the treatment of postextraction dental pain]. | <h4>Introduction</h4>Acute postoperative pain is a common experience in oral surgery practice. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are quite effective against mild to moderate pain and they are generally better suited in ambulatory outpatients than narcotic analgesics. The analgesic activity of piroxicam, a ... |
8402345 | [Clinical study on main visceral damage and multiple organ failure (MOF) following severe burns]. | A prospective study was carried out on 57 patients with total burned surface area (TBSA) over 30%. It was found that myocardial damage occurred early postburn, which was one of the major causes of cardiac dysfunction and failure. The postburn respiratory failure (RF) might be classified into three patterns. The etiolog... |
8343576 | Self-assembly of bioelastomeric structures from solutions: mean-field critical behavior and Flory-Huggins free energy of interactions. | Elastic and quasi-elastic light scattering studies were performed on aqueous solutions of poly(Val-Pro-Gly-Gly), a representative synthetic bioelastomer that differs from the previously studied poly(Val-Pro-Gly-Val-Gly) by the deletion of the hydrophobic Val in position four. When the spinodal line was approached from ... |
8101789 | Microsomal oxidation of bromo-, chloro- and fluorobiphenyls. | 1. The metabolism of 2-, 3-, 4-bromo-, 2-, 4-chloro-, and 2-fluorobiphenyl by hepatic microsomes isolated from control and Aroclor 1254-treated rats and pigeons was studied. 2. Meta and para as well as dihydroxylated metabolites were detected, but para hydroxylation was the preferred route of metabolism with all of the... |
8339333 | Preparation of di-O-triphenylmethyl-(trityl-)cyclomalto-octaoses, and isolation and characterization by "hex-5-enose degradation" of four positional isomers. | Four regioisomeric ditritylated derivatives of cyclomalto-octaose (1, cG8), namely, 6(I),6(n)-di-O-trityl-cG8S have been prepared by the reaction of 1 with chlorotriphenylmethane in pyridine and isolated by high-performance liquid chromatography. The regiochemical determination of the four ditrityl-substituted derivati... |
8338881 | [Supermolecular organization of enzyme systems. I. The structural aspect of the problem]. | Some plausible forms of supramolecular organization of enzymatic systems and approaches used in their study are considered. The principles of assembly and functioning of a supramolecular product (metabolon) are discussed. Also considered are the structures of several multienzymatic complexes and multifunctional enzymes... |
8331141 | Analysis of pilocarpine and its trans epimer, isopilocarpine, by capillary electrophoresis. | Capillary zone electrophoresis was used for the separation of pilocarpine from its epimer, isopilocarpine, using coated fused-silica capillaries of 20 cm x 25 microm I.D., 8 kV running voltage, migration buffer of 0.1 M sodium dihydrogenphosphate pH 8, detection at 217 nm and injection by electromigration. Injections o... |
8326324 | Bioconversion of drimenol into 3 beta-hydroxydrimanes by Aspergillus niger. Effect of culture additives. | The bioconversion of (-)-drimenol [1] and drimenyl acetate [2] into the corresponding 3 beta-hydroxydrimanes by Aspergillus niger in agitated liquid cultures was investigated. Initial hydroxylation yields of 2% and 10%, respectively, were obtained. However, drimenyl acetate hydroxylation increased to 18% when Carbopol-... |
8324015 | Synthesis of 2-(p-thiocyanatobenzyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid: application of the 4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonamide protecting group in the synthesis of macrocyclic polyamines. | A synthesis of the bifunctional chelator 2-(p-thiocyanatobenzyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid [2-(p-NCS-Bz)-NOTA] is described which illustrates the especial utility of the (4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl)sulfonyl (Mtr) protecting group as an alternative to the p-tolylsulfonyl (Ts) moiety commonly used... |
7763728 | Cloning and sequence analysis of the cyclomaltodextrinase gene from Bacillus sphaericus and expression in Escherichia coli cells. | The gene for cyclomaltodextrinase (CDase; EC 3.2.1.54) from Bacillus sphaericus E-244 was cloned in the recombinant plasmid pCD629. Sequencing a portion of pCD629 revealed a unique open reading frame of 1,773 nucleotides coding for a 591-amino-acid polypeptide. The deduced polypeptide sequence showed about 50% homology... |
8321831 | Nasal insulin delivery with dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin as an absorption enhancer in rabbits: powder more effective than liquid formulations. | The nasal absorption of insulin using dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin (DM beta CD) as an absorption enhancer in rabbits was studied. The nasal administration of insulin/DM beta CD liquid formulations did not result in significant changes in serum insulin and blood glucose concentrations. In contrast, previous experiments in... |
8517738 | Growth and cholesterol oxidation by Mycobacterium species in Tween 80 medium. | Mycobacterium strain DP was isolated from marine coastal sediment and tested for its ability to oxidize cholesterol in Tween 80-cholesterol (2.59 mM) medium. Strain DP degraded cholesterol to 4-cholesten-3-one (cholestenone), 4-androsten-3,17-dione (AD), 1,4-androstadien-3,17-dione (ADD), testosterone, and 1-dehydrotes... |
8517735 | Purification and characterization of the extracellular alpha-amylase from Streptococcus bovis JB1. | The extracellular alpha-amylase (1,4-alpha-D-glucanglucanohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.1) from maltose-grown Streptococcus bovis JB1 was purified to apparent homogeneity by ion-exchange chromatography (Mono Q). The enzyme had an isoelectric point of 4.50 and an apparent molecular mass of 77,000 Da, as estimated by sodium dodecy... |
8517704 | blaI and blaR1 regulate beta-lactamase and PBP 2a production in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. | For Staphylococcus aureus, it is hypothesized that two genes located upstream of the beta-lactamase gene, blaZ, are required for the inducible expression of beta-lactamase. blaR1 is predicted to encode a signal-transducing membrane protein, and blaI is predicted to encode a repressor protein. These same two genes may a... |
8510160 | Two-dimensional crystallization of the light-harvesting complex from Rhodospirillum rubrum. | Homogeneous detergent-solubilized B873 light-harvesting complexes from a carotenoid-less mutant of the purple non-sulfur bacterium, Rhodospirillum rubrum G9, were reassembled spontaneously into two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal arrays during extensive and controlled dialysis. As the complexes contain only 1 to 2 mol phosp... |
8508800 | Heterologous expression in Escherichia coli of an intact multienzyme component of the erythromycin-producing polyketide synthase. | 6-Deoxyerythronolide B synthase 3 (DEBS 3) is proposed to catalyse the fifth and sixth condensation cycles in the assembly of the polyketide 6-deoxyerythronolide B, the first isolatable intermediate in the biosynthesis of erythromycin A by Saccharopolyspora erythraea. The gene encoding DEBS 3 has previously been cloned... |
8506140 | The DNA binding affinity of HhaI methylase is increased by a single amino acid substitution in the catalytic center. | The HhaI methyltransferase recognizes the sequence GCGC and transfers a methyl group to C5 of the first cytosine residue. All m5C-methyltransferases contain a highly conserved sequence motif called the P-C motif. The cysteine residue of this motif is involved in catalysis by forming a covalent bond with the 6-position ... |
8506126 | The adenovirus terminal protein influences binding of replication proteins and changes the origin structure. | The adenovirus terminal protein (TP) is covalently linked to the 5' ends of the adenovirus genome and enhances DNA replication in vitro by increasing template activity. To study the effect of TP in more detail we isolated short origin fragments containing functional TP using anion exchange chromatography. These fragmen... |
8504811 | NMR and molecular modeling studies of the interaction of berenil and pentamidine with d(CGCAAATTTGCG)2. | The interaction of two anti-trypanosomal agents, berenil and pentamidine, with the A+T-rich dodecamer d(CGCAAATTTGCG)2 has been examined by high-resolution 1H-NMR, optical spectroscopy, and molecular modeling. Proton assignments for the free DNA and each DNA-ligand complex were obtained using nuclear Overhauser enhance... |
8389131 | Haem and non-haem iron sites in Escherichia coli bacterioferritin: spectroscopic and model building studies. | The bacterioferritin (BFR) of Escherichia coli is an iron-storage protein containing 24 identical subunits and between three and 11 protohaem IX groups per molecule. Titration with additional haem gave a maximum loading of 12-14 haems per molecule. The e.p.r. spectra and magnetic c.d. spectra of the protein-bound haem ... |
8503838 | Phospholipase D activity in phagocytic leucocytes is synergistically regulated by G-protein- and tyrosine kinase-based mechanisms. | The regulation of phospholipase D (PLD)-type effector enzymes by G-proteins and protein kinases/phosphatases was characterized in the U937 human promonocytic leucocyte line. PLD activity was assayed by measuring (in the presence of 1% ethanol) the accumulation of phosphatidylethanol in cells permeabilized with beta-esc... |
7684833 | Synthesis and characterization of a new photocrosslinking CTP analog and its use in photoaffinity labeling E. coli and T7 RNA polymerases. | A new photocrosslinking CTP analog that functioned as a substrate during transcription was synthesized and used to photoaffinity label E. coli and bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerases. This analog, 5-((4-azidophenacyl)thio) cytidine-5'-triphosphate (5-APAS-CTP) contains an aryl azide group approximately 10 A from the nucle... |
7684832 | On the stability of nucleic acid structures in solution: enthalpy-entropy compensations, internal rotations and reversibility. | The thermodynamics of self-association (stacking) of free bases and nucleotides, intramolecular stacking in dinucleotides, nearest-neighbour base pair stacking interactions in duplex DNA and RNA, and the formation of hairpin loops illustrate enthalpy/entropy compensations. Large stacking exothermicities are associated ... |
8500597 | Proteoglycans of basement membranes. | Proteoglycans carrying either heparan sulfate and/or chondroitin sulfate side chains are typical constituents of basement membranes. The most prominent proteoglycan (perlecan) consists of a 400-500 kDa core protein and three heparan sulfate chains. Electron microscopy and cDNA sequencing show a complex and elongated do... |
8388300 | Effects of 5-HT-receptor and alpha 2-adrenoceptor ligands on the haemodynamic response to acute central hypovolaemia in conscious rabbits. | 1. We set out to elucidate the pharmacological mechanisms by which alpha 2-adrenoceptor and 5-HT-receptor ligands affect the haemodynamic response to acute central hypovolaemia in conscious rabbits. 2. Acute central hypovolaemia was produced by inflating an inferior vena caval cuff so that cardiac output fell at a cons... |
8494053 | Hyperglycemic glucose concentrations up-regulate the expression of type VI collagen in vitro. Relevance to alterations of peripheral nerves in diabetes mellitus. | Electron microscopy of peripheral nerves obtained from two diabetic patients revealed large deposits of microfibrils and the presence of Luse bodies in the vicinity of perineurial cells. Microfibrils were found to accumulate also in the sciatic nerves of diabetic BB rats; these microfibrillar deposits were shown to con... |
8494047 | Co-localization of aortic apolipoprotein B and chondroitin sulfate in an injury model of atherosclerosis. | In vitro, chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycans (PGs) bind with high-affinity lipoproteins (LPs) containing apolipoprotein B (apo B), and cultured monocytes incubated with LP-PG complexes transform into foam cells (FCs). Consequently, arterial PGs are thought to contribute to the accumulation of LPs in atherosclerotic... |
8491783 | Recombinant entactin promotes mouse primary trophoblast cell adhesion and migration through the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) recognition sequence. | In vitro culture of mouse blastocysts during the period coinciding with implantation has revealed that primary trophoblast cells can adhere and migrate in serum-free medium when provided with certain extracellular matrix components, including fibronectin and laminin. Tightly associated with laminin is the glycoprotein,... |
8491776 | SF-assemblin, the structural protein of the 2-nm filaments from striated microtubule associated fibers of algal flagellar roots, forms a segmented coiled coil. | The microtubule associated system I fibers of the basal apparatus of the flagellate green alga Spermatozopsis similis are noncontractile and display a 28-nm periodicity. Paracrystals with similar periodicities are formed in vitro by SF-assemblin, which is the major protein component of system I fibers. We have determin... |
8387999 | ComA, a phosphorylated response regulator protein of Bacillus subtilis, binds to the promoter region of srfA. | ComA is a response regulator protein of Bacillus subtilis which is required for the transcription of several genes which are involved in late-growth expression and in responses to environmental stress. Among these genes are degQ, gsiA, and srfA. The last is an operon needed for the development of genetic competence, su... |
8491726 | An Aeromonas salmonicida gene which influences a-protein expression in Escherichia coli encodes a protein containing an ATP-binding cassette and maps beside the surface array protein gene. | A conserved Aeromonas salmonicida gene (abcA) affecting expression of the surface array protein gene (vapA) in Escherichia coli was identified. The 924-bp gene starts 205 bp after vapA and codes for a protein with a deduced molecular weight (M(r)) of 34,015 containing an N-terminal P-loop and significant homology to th... |
8491196 | Stepwise assembly of hyperaggregated forms of Drosophila zeste mutant protein suppresses white gene expression in vivo. | The zeste gene is involved in two chromosome pairing-dependent phenomena: transvection and the suppression of white gene expression. Both require the ability of zeste protein to multimerize, dependent on three interlaced hydrophobic heptad repeats in the C-terminal domain. The first step is dimerization through a leuci... |
8491180 | A single EGF-like motif of laminin is responsible for high affinity nidogen binding. | A major nidogen binding site of mouse laminin was previously localized to about three EGF-like repeats (Nos 3-5) of its B2 chain domain III [M. Gerl et al. (1991) Eur. J. Biochem., 202, 167]. The corresponding cDNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and inserted into a eukaryotic expression vector tagged with a... |
8486769 | Mucormycosis during deferoxamine therapy is a siderophore-mediated infection. In vitro and in vivo animal studies. | This study investigates the pathophysiology of mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus, which has been reported in 46 dialysis patients, while treated with deferoxamine (DFO). This drug aggravates mucormycosis, which we experimentally induced in guinea pigs and which lead to a shortened animal survival (P < or = 0.01). The dru... |
8387335 | Electron-transfer kinetics and electrostatic properties of the Rhodobacter sphaeroides reaction center and soluble c-cytochromes. | The kinetics of electron transfer between the Rhodobacter sphaeroides R-26 reaction center and nine soluble c-cytochromes have been analyzed and compared to the patterns of the surface electrostatic potentials for each of the proteins. Characteristic first-order electron-transfer rates for 1:1 complexes formed at low i... |
8483900 | Assembly of cartilage collagen fibrils is disrupted by overexpression of normal type II collagen in transgenic mice. | Cartilage collagen fibrils, which are characterized by their thin, uniform diameters, are formed of a multicomponent system of three collagen types (II, IX, and XI) and interacting proteoglycans. We have used a genetic approach to test whether the proper assembly of this multiprotein structure was altered by overexpres... |
8478608 | Malaria circumsporozoite protein binds to heparan sulfate proteoglycans associated with the surface membrane of hepatocytes. | During feeding by infected mosquitoes, malaria sporozoites are injected into the host's bloodstream and enter hepatocytes within minutes. The remarkable target cell specificity of this parasite may be explained by the presence of receptors for the region II-plus of the circumsporozoite protein (CS) on the basolateral d... |
8478338 | Large-scale recrystallization of the S-layer of Bacillus coagulans E38-66 at the air/water interface and on lipid films. | S-layer protein isolated from Bacillus coagulans E38-66 could be recrystallized into large-scale coherent monolayers at an air/water interface and on phospholipid films spread on a Langmuir-Blodgett trough. Because of the asymmetry in the physiochemical surface properties of the S-layer protein, the subunits were assoc... |
8478330 | Detection of an A-factor-responsive protein that binds to the upstream activation sequence of strR, a regulatory gene for streptomycin biosynthesis in Streptomyces griseus. | DNA-binding assays using mobility shift polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of a protein that specifically bound to a restriction fragment -288 to -191 bp upstream from the transcriptional start point of strR, a regulatory gene for streptomycin biosynthesis in Streptomyces griseus. The binding site... |
7682994 | Neutralizing monoclonal antibody epitopes of the Entamoeba histolytica galactose adhesin map to the cysteine-rich extracellular domain of the 170-kilodalton subunit. | Entamoeba histolytica adheres to human colonic mucins and colonic epithelial cells via a galactose-binding adhesin. The adhesin is a heterodimeric glycoprotein composed of 170- and 35-kDa subunits. Fragments of the hgl1 gene encoding the 170-kDa subunit were expressed as recombinant fusion proteins in Escherichia coli ... |
7682993 | Pore-forming properties of the major 53-kilodalton surface antigen from the outer sheath of Treponema denticola. | A 53-kDa protein from the outer sheath of the oral spirochete Treponema denticola was purified to homogeneity and shown to reconstitute channels in black lipid bilayer model membranes. The channel had a single-channel conductance of 1.8 nS in 0.1 M KCl, making this the largest porin channel observed to date (estimated ... |
8474463 | Overexpression of Myc suppresses CCAAT transcription factor/nuclear factor 1-dependent promoters in vivo. | Overexpression of Myc in cells can suppress the transcription of specific genes. Because several of these genes have common transcriptional regulatory elements, we investigated the possibility that this effect of Myc is mediated through a specific transcription factor. In vitro DNA-binding assays detect only one form o... |
8474435 | In vitro definition of the yeast RNA polymerase I enhancer. | In vitro conditions are reported under which an EcoRI-HpaI fragment of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ribosomal gene spacer will enhance transcription from an adjacent RNA polymerase I promoter. Enhancement is largely independent of orientation and distance and is proportional to copy number. Mapping experiments reveal t... |
8474175 | Assembly-defective point mutants of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag precursor phenotypically expressed in recombinant baculovirus-infected cells. | Two substitution mutants of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gag gene product were isolated after nitrous acid mutagenesis of a recombinant baculovirus expressing a non-N-myristylated, p6-deleted Gag precursor (Pr49). Both mutants failed to assemble intracellular Gag virus-like particles, as does the parental re... |
8474168 | Simian immunodeficiency virus RNA is efficiently encapsidated by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 particles. | Packaging of retroviral RNA is attained through the specific recognition of a cis-acting encapsidation site (located near the 5' end of the viral RNA) by components of the Gag precursor protein. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) are two lentiviruses that lack apparent s... |
8474163 | Effects of baculovirus infection on IE1-mediated foreign gene expression in stably transformed insect cells. | Previously, we produced transformed insect cell lines that can express a selected foreign protein constitutively, in the absence of baculovirus infection (D. L. Jarvis, J. G. W. Fleming, G. R. Kovacs, M. D. Summers, and L. A. Guarino, Bio/Technology 8:950-955, 1990). These cells contain stably integrated copies of chim... |
8474162 | Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope gp120 is cleaved after incubation with recombinant soluble CD4. | Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infects human CD4+ cells by a high-affinity interaction between its envelope glycoprotein gp120 and the CD4 molecule on the cell surface. Subsequent virus entry into the cells involves other steps, one of which could be cleavage of the gp120 followed by virus-cell fusion. The... |
8474157 | Sequence, transcriptional mapping, and overexpression of p47, a baculovirus gene regulating late gene expression. | A 2.8-kb region of the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome was sequenced and found to contain an open reading frame (p47) which was capable of rescuing a previously characterized temperature-sensitive mutant, ts317 (S. Partington, H. Yu, A. Lu, and E. B. Carstens, Virology 157:91-102, 1990). Transc... |
8386264 | Mutations in the putative calcium-binding domain of polyomavirus VP1 affect capsid assembly. | Calcium ions appear to play a major role in maintaining the structural integrity of the polyomavirus and are likely involved in the processes of viral uncoating and assembly. Previous studies demonstrated that a VP1 fragment extending from Pro-232 to Asp-364 has calcium-binding capabilities. This fragment contains an a... |
19431894 | Evidence for unbenignant nature of glucose as a replacement for water in purple membranes. | The net angle (theta(alpha)) between the seven helical segments of the bacteriorhodopsin (bR) polypeptide and the normal to the membrane plane of the purple membrane (PM) is approximately 0 degrees when determined by oriented far-ultraviolet (UV) circular dichroism (OCD) and midinfrared linear dichroism (IRLD). However... |
8215340 | Potentiometric response of lipid modified ISFET. | The gate surface of an ion-sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) was modified with Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film composed of fatty acid or crown ether amphiphiles to examine their potentiometric response to H+ and K+ ions. The results demonstrate the possible use of the lipid films for preparing ISFET ion sensors. |
8400826 | Effects of cyclodextrins on the hydrolysis of ganglioside GM1 by acid beta-galactosidases. | The hydrolysis of ganglioside GM1 by acid beta-galactosidases was greatly enhanced by the inclusion of heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin or alpha-cyclodextrin in the assay mixture. The other cyclodextrins tested were not effective. The extent of stimulation by these cyclodextrins was relatively smaller than t... |
8348591 | Functional domains on chemically modified tau protein. | 1. Neurofibrillary tangles present in Alzheimer's disease and, in a lower proportion, in aged brains are formed mainly by paired helical filaments. The microtubule-associated protein tau is a major structural component of these filaments. In order to increase our understanding of the aberrant behaviour of tau protein l... |
8324756 | Stereochemistry and dynamics of the inclusion complex of (S)-(+)-fenoprofen with cyclomaltoheptaose (beta-cyclodextrin). | The inclusion complex of the calcium salt of (S)-2-(3-phenoxyphenyl)propionic acid with cyclomaltoheptaose (beta-cyclodextrin) was investigated by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The stoichiometry of the complex was determined by the continuous variation method and the association constant by the Benesi-Hildebrand procedure. Meas... |
8320555 | Stereochemistry of charged nitrogen-aromatic interactions and its involvement in ligand-receptor binding. | Recently, new evidence was found for the involvement of charged nitrogen-aromatic interactions in ligand-receptor binding. In this study we report two favourable orientations of a phenyl ring with respect to a R-N+(CH3)3 group, based on crystal structure statistics from the Cambridge Structural Database. In the first o... |
8320553 | SPROUT: a program for structure generation. | SPROUT is a new computer program for constrained structure generation that is designed to generate molecules for a range of applications in molecular recognition. It uses artificial intelligence techniques to moderate the combinatorial explosion that is inherent in structure generation. The program is presented here fo... |
8315792 | [Intraoperative management and prognosis of patients for emergency cardiovascular surgery]. | We analyzed patient characteristics, the management of anesthesia, and prognosis, etc. in 13 patients for emergency valvular heart surgery (V) and 28 patients for emergency aortic surgery (A). The patients in group A were significantly older than those in the group V. Fentanyl was used as the main anesthetic agent in a... |
8518734 | Prediction of the three-dimensional structures of the biotinylated domain from yeast pyruvate carboxylase and of the lipoylated H-protein from the pea leaf glycine cleavage system: a new automated method for the prediction of protein tertiary structure. | A new, automated, knowledge-based method for the construction of three-dimensional models of proteins is described. Geometric restraints on target structures are calculated from a consideration of homologous template structures and the wider knowledge base of unrelated protein structures. Three-dimensional structures a... |
8515241 | Protein composition of rhapidosomes isolated from Aquaspirillum itersonii. | Rhapidosomes are tubular microstructures composed of proteins that are found in a variety of bacteria and algae. These structures, which are resistant to disruption by many denaturing agents, have potential application as a biomaterial and may serve as a new model for the study of self assembly. When rhapidosomes were ... |
8507896 | Species-specific inhibition of fertilization by a peptide derived from the sperm protein bindin. | The sperm protein bindin is responsible for the species-specific adhesion of the sperm to the egg. The regions of the bindin molecule responsible for forming the contact between the sperm and the egg were investigated by measuring the ability of peptides representing various regions of the bindin sequence to inhibit fe... |
8506389 | Characterization of the spectroscopic properties of a tetrahydrochrysene system containing a rigidified hydroxynitrostilbene chromophore: an inherently fluorescent ligand designed for the estrogen receptor. | A tetrahydrochrysene system that embodies a hydroxy- and nitro-substituted stilbene chromophore held rigidly near planarity by the tetracyclic nature of the compound was prepared as a fluorescent ligand for the estrogen receptor. It shows strong solvent-dependent fluorescence at long wavelengths. The solvent polarity d... |
8496670 | Synthesis of 27-hydroxycholesterol in rat liver mitochondria: HPLC assay and marked activation by exogenous cholesterol. | Sterol 27-hydroxylase, the mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the first step in oxidation of the sterol side chain in hepatic bile acid synthesis, also catalyzes the synthesis of 27-hydroxycholesterol from cholesterol. We have developed a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay for this enzyme, using eithe... |
8496664 | Cholesterol and 27-hydroxycholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylation: evidence for two different enzymes. | The use of 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin as a vehicle for solubilizing cholesterol and 27-hydroxycholesterol has led to a study of their rates of 7 alpha-hydroxylation in microsomal preparations from hamster liver and HepG2 cells. Addition of the vehicle alone to the cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase assay always cau... |
8496291 | Liquid chromatographic determination of beta-cyclodextrin derivatives based on fluorescence enhancement after inclusion complexation. | A liquid chromatographic method using fluorescence detection for the determination of beta-cyclodextrin (beta CD) and its derivatives is presented. The chromatographic system is based on size-exclusion chromatography with the addition of the fluorophoric compound 1-naphthol to the mobile phase. Detection is based on fl... |
8494979 | Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy characterization of the lamellar and nonlamellar structures of free lipid A and Re lipopolysaccharides from Salmonella minnesota and Escherichia coli. | The structural polymorphism of free lipid A and deep rough mutant lipopolysaccharide (LPS Re) from Salmonella minnesota strain R595 and Escherichia coli strain F515 was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (IR) spectroscopy. For this, the beta <--> alpha phase states and the three-dimensional supramolecular stru... |
8493091 | Thermodynamic stability and drug-binding properties of oligodeoxyribonucleotide duplexes containing 3-deazaadenine:thymine base pairs. | We have used ultraviolet melting techniques to study the effect on stability of incorporating the nucleoside analogue 2'-deoxy-3-deazaadenosine (d3cA) into the duplex 5'-d(CGCAATCG)-3'-d(GCGTTAGC). Our results demonstrate that the successive replacement of dA by d3CA increasingly destabilises the duplex. The destabilis... |
8493087 | Synthesis and antibody-mediated detection of oligonucleotides containing multiple 2,4-dinitrophenyl reporter groups. | A series of non-nucleoside-based 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP) phosphoramidites have been prepared and used in the multiple labelling of oligonucleotides during solid-phase synthesis. The length of spacer arm between the DNP label and the oligonucleotide phosphate backbone, and the number of attached DNP groups have both bee... |
8491834 | Differential binding of tioconazole enantiomers to hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin studied by capillary electrophoresis. | Capillary electrophoresis has been used to determine binding constants of tioconazole enantiomers with hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD), after correcting for changes in mobility with increasing viscosity. The predicted and observed values of enantiomeric mobility difference were found to be maximum at a con... |
8098336 | Theoretical aspects of chiral separation in capillary electrophoresis. III. Application to beta-blockers. | Enantiomers of the beta-blockers propranolol, atenolol, metoprolol, and oxprenolol have been separated by the addition of methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MeBCD) to the operating buffer. There is an optimum concentration of MeBCD for separation for each of the beta-blockers, the magnitude of which could be ranked by the use o... |
8488065 | An IgG (Fc gamma)-binding protein of Taenia crassiceps (Cestoda) exhibits sequence homology and antigenic similarity with schistosome paramyosin. | Previous studies from this laboratory have suggested the presence of antibody-binding molecules on the surface of Taenia crassiceps metacestodes. We now report the purification of a T. crassiceps Fc gamma-binding protein which has an equivalent molecular size (96 kDa), is antigenically similar and exhibits significant ... |
8486748 | Separation of cardiac glycosides by micellar electrokinetic capillary electrophoresis. | The separation of mixtures of primary and secondary cardiac glycosides by micellar electrokinetic capillary electrophoresis modified by cyclodextrins, urea and sodium cholate proved to be suitable for the determination of these hydrophobic compounds. It was possible to distinguish the two anomeric cardenolides glucodig... |
8484906 | Cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase from Bacillus circulans E 192: nitration with tetranitromethane. | Nitration of tyrosine residues was performed on Bacillus circulans E 192 cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) using tetranitromethane (TNM). A maximum of 15 out of 28 tyrosine residues is modified with 8 mM TNM, entailing a concomitant loss of enzymic activity and tryptophan fluorescence. Spectroscopic studies... |
8484720 | Binding of the calcium antagonist flunarizine to phosphatidylcholine bilayers: charge effects and thermodynamics. | We have examined the partitioning/transfer of the Ca2+ antagonist flunarizine from the aqueous phase into phospholipid bilayers. We show that the binding of the cationic amphiphilic drug flunarizine to phospholipid bilayers displays traditional linear concentration-dependent characteristics once unmasked of electrostat... |
8484137 | [Necrotizing soft tissue infections]. | Necrotizing soft tissue infections are a group of life- and limb-threatening infections. They are caused by aerobic and anaerobic bacteria occasionally in a synergistic polymicrobial combination. The literature describing necrotizing soft tissue infections is controversial and often contradictory. Depending on their cl... |
8481393 | Characterization of the in vitro conversion of dolichol to dolichoate in bovine thyroid. | The enzymic conversion of dolichol into dolichoic acid has been studied in bovine thyroid subcellular fractions using [1-3H]dolichol as a substrate. The presence of conversion activity could be demonstrated in both the mitochondrial- and supernatant fractions. Investigation of cofactor requirements revealed that NAD+ w... |
8478943 | Structures of the lectin IV of Griffonia simplicifolia and its complex with the Lewis b human blood group determinant at 2.0 A resolution. | The structures of the fourth lectin isolated from Griffonia simplicifolia (GS4) and its complex with the methyl-glycoside of the Lewis b human blood group determinant (Le(b)-OMe) are reported at high resolution. The native GS4 crystal is isomorphous with the complexed GS4 crystal. The space group is P4(2)2(1)2 with uni... |
7682572 | Allosteric inhibition of human lymphoblast and purified porphobilinogen deaminase by protoporphyrinogen and coproporphyrinogen. A possible mechanism for the acute attack of variegate porphyria. | Variegate porphyria (VP) is characterized by photocutaneous lesions and acute neuropsychiatric attacks. Decreased protoporphyrinogen oxidase activity results in accumulation of protoporphyrin (ogen) IX and coproporphyrin (ogen) III. During acute attacks delta-aminolevulinic acid and porphobilinogen also increase, sugge... |
8471598 | The energetics and cooperativity of protein folding: a simple experimental analysis based upon the solvation of internal residues. | The reversible unfolding of two dissimilar proteins, phosphoglycerate kinase from Bacillus stearothermophilus (PGK) and Staphylococcus aureus nuclease (SAN), was induced with two denaturants, urea and guanidinium chloride (GuHCl). For each protein, structural transitions were monitored by intrinsic fluorescence intensi... |
7763552 | Production and immobilization of a proteinase-reduced cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase preparation. | Cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) was produced by a 3-day cultivation of Bacillus macerans growing in a natural medium containing grated-potatoes. Besides CGTase the culture supernatant contained a mixture of serine proteinases with a predominant subtilisin-like activity. By fractionated precipitation with ammo... |
7763546 | Steroid hydroxylation with free and immobilized cells of Penicillium raistrickii in the presence of beta-cyclodextrin. | Free and Ca-alginate-immobilized cells of Penicillium raistrickii i 477 were used for 15 alpha-hydroxylation of 13-ethyl-gon-4-en-3,17-dione. The product formation of both free and immobilized cells was increased in the presence of beta-cyclodextrin, in comparison with reactions carried out in the presence of methanol.... |
8385941 | The importance of the interdomain hinge in intramolecular electron transfer in flavocytochrome b2. | The two distinct domains of flavocytochrome b2 (L-lactate:cytochrome c oxidoreductase) are connected by a typical hinge peptide. The amino acid sequence of this interdomain hinge is dramatically different in flavocytochromes b2 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Hansenula anomala. This difference in the hinge is believe... |
8471054 | A specific binding of the cholecystokinin-releasing peptide (monitor peptide) to isolated rat small-intestinal cells. | A specific binding of the cholecystokinin (CCK)-releasing peptide (monitor peptide) to isolated rat jejunal mucosal cells was investigated. The 125I-labelled purified monitor peptide bound to the rat jejunal cells, and a large excess amount of the non-labelled monitor peptide inhibited the binding. The binding was comp... |
8385667 | bchFNBH bacteriochlorophyll synthesis genes of Rhodobacter capsulatus and identification of the third subunit of light-independent protochlorophyllide reductase in bacteria and plants. | We present the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of four contiguous bacteriochlorophyll synthesis genes from Rhodobacter capsulatus. Three of these genes code for enzymes which catalyze reactions common to the chlorophyll synthesis pathway and therefore are likely to be found in plants and cyanobacteria as we... |
8468285 | Relevance of charged groups for the integrity of the S-layer from Bacillus coagulans E38-66 and for molecular interactions. | In this paper, the importance of charged amino and carboxyl groups for the integrity of the cell surface layer (S-layer) lattice from Bacillus coagulans E38-66 and for the self-assembly of the isolated subunits was investigated. Amidination of the free amino groups which preserved their positive net charge had no influ... |
8467806 | Insect immunity. Two 17 bp repeats nesting a kappa B-related sequence confer inducibility to the diptericin gene and bind a polypeptide in bacteria-challenged Drosophila. | The Drosophila diptericin gene codes for a 9 kDa antibacterial peptide and is rapidly and transiently expressed in larvae and adults after bacterial challenge. It is also induced in a tumorous Drosophila blood cell line by the addition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The promoter of this gene contains two 17 bp repeats lo... |
7682175 | Replacement of the L11 binding region within E.coli 23S ribosomal RNA with its homologue from yeast: in vivo and in vitro analysis of hybrid ribosomes altered in the GTPase centre. | Replacement of the protein L11 binding domain within Escherichia coli 23S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) by the equivalent region from yeast 26S rRNA appeared to have no effect on the growth rate of E.coli cells harbouring a plasmid carrying the mutated rrnB operon. The hybrid rRNA was correctly processed and assembled into ribo... |
8385604 | Protein-protein interactions directing resolvase site-specific recombination: a structure-function analysis. | Recombination catalyzed by the gamma delta resolvase requires assembly of a nucleo-protein complex, the synaptosome, whose structure is determined by resolvase-res and resolvase-resolvase interactions. In crystals of the resolvase catalytic domain, monomers of resolvase were closely associated with one another across t... |
7682174 | Processing followed by complete editing of an altered mitochondrial atp6 RNA restores fertility of cytoplasmic male sterile rice. | Two atp6 genes were found in the mitochondrial genome of cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) rice carrying the [cms-bo] cytoplasm. One (N-atp6) was identical to the normal cytoplasmic gene, while the second (B-atp6) was identified as a candidate CMS gene by Southern analysis of the mitochondrial genome of CMS cybrid rice. T... |
8467791 | Structure of the HMG box motif in the B-domain of HMG1. | The conserved, abundant chromosomal protein HMG1 consists of two highly homologous, folded, basic DNA-binding domains, each of approximately 80 amino acid residues, and an acidic C-terminal tail. Each folded domain represents an 'HMG box', a sequence motif recently recognized in certain sequence-specific DNA-binding pr... |
8466933 | Localization of Cys-344 on the (Ca(2+)-Mg(2+)-ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum using resonance energy transfer. | 4-Bromomethyl-6,7-dimethoxy-coumarin labels the (Ca(2+)-Mg(2+)-ATPase of skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum at Cys-344. Resonance energy transfer has been used to measure the distance between this site and Lys-515 labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate as about 37 A. The height of Cys-344 above the phospholipid/w... |
8466932 | Magnetically induced orientation of phosphatidylcholine membranes. | Lipid bilayers prepared from natural phospholipids orient in magnetic fields with the long axis of the lipid molecules perpendicular to the magnetic field. This magnetically induced orientation was studied at high (11.7 Tesla (T)), mid (9.36 T), and low (4.68 T) magnetic field strengths using lipid aggregates prepared ... |
8385356 | Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin 1 represents another subfamily of E. coli heat-stable toxin. | Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAggEC) are associated with persistent diarrhea in young children. Some of these organisms produce a low-molecular-weight, heat-stable, plasmid-encoded enterotoxin that has been named EAggEC heat-stable enterotoxin 1 (EAST1). We have cloned a 4.4-kb DNA fragment from the virulence pl... |
8464908 | Experimental resolution of the free energies of aqueous solvation contributions to ligand-protein binding: quinone-QA site interactions in the photosynthetic reaction center protein. | Equilibrium binding free energies of 14 benzo-, naphtho-, and anthraquinone cofactors have been determined at the QA redox catalytic site of the purified photosynthetic reaction center protein from Rhodobacter sphaeroides solubilized in water (delta G degrees B,w), in hexane solution containing 30 mM water (delta G deg... |
8464901 | Osteoarthritis associated with mild chondrodysplasia in transgenic mice expressing alpha 1(IX) collagen chains with a central deletion. | Type IX collagen, containing molecules of the three distinct polypeptides alpha 1(IX), alpha 2(IX), and alpha 3(IX), is an interesting hybrid extracellular matrix component in cartilage and eye tissues, with the properties of both a proteoglycan and a collagen. The alpha 1 (IX) chain has two forms, as a result of the t... |
8385342 | Transcription-driven site-specific DNA recombination in vitro. | Transcription of a topologically relaxed, circular DNA triggers recombination between two directly repeated res sites by gamma delta resolvase in vitro. This activation of recombination depends on the res site-to-site distance and the orientation of sites with respect to the direction of RNA polymerase tracking. In add... |
8463868 | Fate of beta-cyclodextrin in the human intestine. | We assessed the fate of beta-cyclodextrin, which is composed of seven alpha(1-->4)-linked glucose units in ring structure, in the human gastrointestinal tract. In four healthy ileostomists, ileal effluent was collected after oral administration of beta-cyclodextrin during fasting (10 g of beta-cyclodextrin) and postpra... |
8463843 | Neurodegeneration induced by beta-amyloid peptides in vitro: the role of peptide assembly state. | The progressive neurodegeneration of Alzheimer's disease has been hypothesized to be mediated, at least in part, by beta-amyloid protein. A relationship between the aggregation state of beta-amyloid protein and its ability to promote degeneration in vitro has been previously suggested. To evaluate this hypothesis and t... |
8385148 | Prevalence of antibodies to Norwalk virus in England: detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using baculovirus-expressed Norwalk virus capsid antigen. | A total of 3,250 serum specimens collected in England in 1991 and 1992 were tested by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibody to Norwalk virus using baculovirus-expressed capsid antigen, and 2,382 (73.3%) were positive. The prevalence of Norwalk virus antibody differed regionally. It was lowest (24.6... |
8463222 | Elimination of the hydroxyl groups in the ribose ring of ATP reduces its ability to phosphorylate the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase. | 2'-Deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate, 3'-deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate, and 3'-amino-3'-deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate were substituted for ATP in the Ca2+ pumping cycle of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase. The rate of phosphorylation of the enzyme decreased by more than an order of magnitude when either of the h... |
8385050 | A novel mutation in DNA topoisomerase I of yeast causes DNA damage and RAD9-dependent cell cycle arrest. | DNA topoisomerases, enzymes that alter the superhelicity of DNA, have been implicated in such critical cellular functions as transcription, DNA replication, and recombination. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a null mutation in the gene encoding topoisomerase I (TOP1) causes elevated levels of mitotic recombinati... |
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