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8435062 | A polylysine-induced aggregation of substrate accompanies the stimulation of casein kinase II by polylysine. | Casein kinase II (CK-II) activation by polylysine parallels an aggregation of substrates promoted by the polycation. CK-II is known to be stimulated by basic polypeptides and polyamines. The mechanism by which this stimulation takes place, however, is not yet fully understood. Here we show that, in the usual CK-II assa... |
8434930 | Cloning of the beta-amylase gene from Bacillus cereus and characteristics of the primary structure of the enzyme. | The gene encoding the beta-amylase of Bacillus cereus BQ10-S1 (SpoII) was cloned into Escherichia coli JM 109. A sequenced DNA fragment of 2,001 bp contains the beta-amylase gene. The N-terminal sequences (AVNGKG MNPDYKAYLMAPLKKI), the C-terminal sequences (SHTSSW), and the amino acid sequences of the five regions in t... |
8434920 | Cyclodextrins as carriers of cholesterol and fatty acids in cultivation of mycoplasmas. | The design of fully or partly defined media for mycoplasma cultivation involves the need to provide the essential lipids, cholesterol and long-chain fatty acids, in an assimilable and nontoxic form. This study introduces cyclodextrins (CDs) as carriers of these lipids, thus suggesting alternatives to serum or bovine se... |
7679493 | Kinetics and mechanism in RNA cleavage. | Experimental studies on the cleavage of various RNA molecules--poly(U), 3',5''-UpU, 2',5''-UpU, and 3',5''-ApA--catalyzed by imidazole buffers show that there is a sequential bifunctional mechanism. One catalyst species converts the substrate to an intermediate phosphorane, and the second catalyst converts the phosphor... |
7679492 | Recognition and catalysis in nucleic acid chemistry. | The enzyme ribonuclease A catalyzes the cleavage of RNA, using the imidazole groups of histidine-12 and histidine-119 as its principal catalytic groups. Model studies show that RNA can be cleaved by imidazole buffer itself and that, as in the enzyme, a bell-shaped pH vs. rate profile is seen. This indicates that one im... |
8433981 | Chemically bonded stationary phases that use synthetic hosts containing aromatic binding clefts: HPLC analysis of nitro-substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. | The synthesis of hosts with improved binding affinities for nitroaromatic guests is described. Association constants for several host-guest complexes were measured in chloroform solution and ranged over three orders of magnitude. Two hosts were covalently linked to silica gel to produce chemically bonded stationary pha... |
7679491 | Anti-immune complex antibodies enhance affinity and specificity of primary antibodies. | Antibodies have previously been described that enhance the binding of a second antibody to its antigen. The origin of this effect has been variously ascribed to binding to a neodeterminant on the Fc region, to a combined determinant representing portions of the second antibody and the immunogen, and to a ligand-induced... |
8433980 | Energetics of cooperative binding of oligonucleotides with discrete dimerization domains to DNA by triple helix formation. | Cooperativity in oligonucleotide-directed sequence-specific recognition of DNA by triple helix formation can be enhanced by the addition of discrete dimerization domains. The equilibrium association constants for cooperative binding of oligonucleotides that dimerize by Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds and occupy adjacent si... |
8433979 | Toward an estimation of binding constants in aqueous solution: studies of associations of vancomycin group antibiotics. | An approach toward the estimation of binding constants for organic molecules in aqueous solution is presented, based upon a partitioning of the free energy of binding. Consideration is given to polar and hydrophobic contributions and to the entropic cost of rotor restrictions and bimolecular associations. Several param... |
8433978 | Two light-transducing membrane proteins: bacteriorhodopsin and the mammalian rhodopsin. | Site-directed mutagenesis has provided insight into the mechanisms of action of bacteriorhodopsin and rhodopsin. These studies are summarized here. |
8094556 | A genetic approach to the generation of antibodies with enhanced catalytic activities. | A hydrolytic catalytic antibody, generated against a nitrophenyl phosphonate transition state analogue, has been cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli for use as a model system to demonstrate the feasibility of using genetic selections to enhance catalytic activity. Conditions were found that permit the secretion of... |
8433977 | Design of a metallo-bZIP protein that discriminates between CRE and AP1 target sites: selection against AP1. | The bZIP class of dimeric DNA binding proteins is characterized by a motif containing two discrete domains: a DNA contact domain defined by conserved basic and hydrophobic residues (basic domain), and a dimerization domain identified by a heptad repeat of leucine residues (zipper domain). Molecules are constructed in w... |
8433976 | Molecular recognition analyzed by docking simulations: the aspartate receptor and isocitrate dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli. | Protein docking protocols are used for the prediction of both small molecule binding to DNA and protein macromolecules and of complexes between macromolecules. These protocols are becoming increasingly automated and powerful tools for computer-aided drug design. We review the basic methodologies and strategies used for... |
8433975 | Supramolecular effects and molecular discrimination by macrocyclic hosts embedded in synthetic bilayer membranes. | Hybrid assemblies were prepared in combinations of a synthetic lipid, involving an L-alanine residue interposed between an anionic head group and a hydrophobic double-chain segment, with cage-type cyclophanes having a three-dimensionally extended hydrophobic cavity. Incorporation behavior of the cage-type hosts into th... |
8433360 | Metal-induced conformational changes in transferrins. | Recent studies on iron-loaded transferrins have revealed a conformational change upon binding iron due to a domain closure. It has been suggested that the domain closure may be the key for the receptor recognition of the metal loaded transferrin (Grossmann et al., 1992). Small angle X-ray scattering has been used to pr... |
8381782 | Isolation and characterization of Bordetella bronchiseptica mutants deficient in siderophore activity. | Iron acquisition by the gram-negative pathogens Bordetella bronchiseptica and Bordetella pertussis is thought to occur by hydroxamate siderophore-mediated transport as well as an apparently siderophore-independent process by which host transferrins bind to bacterial surface receptors. We constructed B. bronchiseptica m... |
8432706 | Cell division inhibitors SulA and MinCD prevent formation of the FtsZ ring. | Immunoelectron microscopy was used to assess the effects of inhibitors of cell division on formation of the FtsZ ring in Escherichia coli. Induction of the cell division inhibitor SulA, a component of the SOS response, or the inhibitor MinCD, a component of the min system, blocked formation of the FtsZ ring and led to ... |
8430078 | Use of photoactivatable peptide substrates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae myristoyl-CoA:protein N-myristoyltransferase (Nmt1p) to characterize a myristoyl-CoA-Nmt1p-peptide ternary complex and to provide evidence for an ordered reaction mechanism. | Nmt1p (EC 2.3.1.97) catalyzes the transfer of myristate (C14:0) from coenzyme A to the N-terminal glycine residue of a variety of eukaryotic cellular and viral proteins. Our recent studies of the 455-amino acid Saccharomyces cerevisiae acyltransferase (Nmt1p) suggested that its mechanism of catalysis is ordered Bi Bi w... |
8430073 | Escherichia coli cell division protein FtsZ is a guanine nucleotide binding protein. | FtsZ is an essential cell division protein in Escherichia coli that forms a ring structure at the division site under cell cycle control. The dynamic nature of the FtsZ ring suggests possible similarities to eukaryotic filament forming proteins such as tubulin. In this study we have determined that FtsZ is a GTP/GDP bi... |
8430017 | [Treatment of carcinoid tumor with a long-acting somatostatin analog]. | A case of carcinoid tumour of the small intestine has been reported, which caused hormone producing multiple hepatic metastases. The 45 year old man had flush syndrome several times a day, that was caused by a carcinoid tumour originated from the jejunum. After the operation of the primary tumour he was treated by Sand... |
8426233 | Growth cone choices of Drosophila motoneurons in response to muscle fiber mismatch. | In Drosophila embryos, each motoneuron is accurately matched to one or more singly identifiable muscle fibers. In this article we altered the number and pattern of the embryonic muscle fibers using genetic, heat shock, and laser ablation methods to test whether motoneuron growth cones are able to recognize specific tar... |
8426226 | Functional studies of Alzheimer's disease tau protein. | In vitro assays were used to monitor and compare the kinetic behavior of bovine tubulin polymerization enhanced by tau proteins isolated from Alzheimer's disease (AD) and nondemented (ND) age-matched control brains. Tau from AD cases induced slower polymerization and a steady state turbidity value approximately 50% of ... |
7678838 | Hyaluronan receptor-directed assembly of chondrocyte pericellular matrix. | Initial assembly of extracellular matrix occurs within a zone immediately adjacent to the chondrocyte cell surface termed the cell-associated or pericellular matrix. Assembly within the pericellular matrix compartment requires specific cell-matrix interactions to occur, that are mediated via membrane receptors. The foc... |
8423787 | p62cdc23 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a nuclear tetratricopeptide repeat protein with two mutable domains. | CDC23 is required in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for cell cycle progression through the G2/M transition. The CDC23 gene product contains tandem, imperfect repeats, termed tetratricopeptide repeats, (TPR) units common to a protein family that includes several other nuclear division CDC genes. In this report we have used mu... |
8423107 | Role of antigen-presenting cells in activation of human T cells by the streptococcal M protein superantigen: requirement for secreted and membrane-associated costimulatory factors. | The requirements for T-cell activation by the streptococcal superantigen (SAg), pepsin-extracted M protein from type 5 streptococci (pep M5), were studied by monitoring Ca2+ influx and cell proliferation. Cells from a pep M5-specific T-cell line showed no change in intracellular Ca2+ levels in response to pep M5 when a... |
8423096 | An antagonist of platelet-activating factor suppresses endotoxin-induced tumor necrosis factor and mortality in mice pretreated with carrageenan. | We found that carrageenan (CAR), that is, sulfated polygalactose, can enhance both lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production and the rate of lethality in mice (M. Ogata, S. Yoshida, M. Kamochi, A. Shigematsu, and Y. Mizuguchi, Infect. Immun. 59:679-683, 1991). It has been reported that pla... |
8423087 | Antibody responses in the serum and respiratory tract of mice following oral vaccination with liposomes coated with filamentous hemagglutinin and pertussis toxoid. | Mice were orally vaccinated with liposomes coated with filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and detoxified pertussis toxin (PT) of Bordetella pertussis. FHA- and PT-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) was detected in serum, and both IgG and IgA were detected in lung washes following the immunization. Antibody responses in mice ... |
7678298 | Antigenic and immunogenic properties of recombinant hepatitis A virus 14S and 70S subviral particles. | Hepatitis A virus (HAV) has an immunodominant neutralization antigenic site. By using a panel of monoclonal antibodies targeted against the HAV neutralization antigenic site, it was shown that three epitopes within this site are present on 14S subunits (pentamers of the structural unit). In contrast, two other epitopes... |
7678270 | Distribution of undulin, tenascin, and fibronectin in the human periodontal ligament and cementum: comparative immunoelectron microscopy with ultra-thin cryosections. | We studied the ultrastructural localization of three distantly related glycoproteins of the extracellular matrix, undulin, tenascin and fibronectin, in decalcified sections of human periodontal ligament (PL) and cementum. Undulin was associated with tightly packed major collagen fibrils and not with microfibrils, indic... |
19431873 | Painted supported lipid membranes. | We report herein measurements on a novel type of supported lipid films, which we call painted supported membranes (PSM). These membranes are formed in a self-assembly process on alkylated gold films from an organic solution. The formation process was investigated with surface plasmon resonance microscopy. The optical a... |
18965620 | Simultaneous determination of warfarin and bromadiolone by derivative synchronous fluorescence spectrometry. | By using second derivative synchronous fluorescence spectrometry the simple resolution of mixtures of the anticoagulant rodenticides warfarin and bromadiolone in the presence of beta-cyclodextrin is accomplished which causes a differential effect on the fluorescence intensity of these compounds. The determination metho... |
18965612 | Separation of thorium from lanthanides by solvent extraction with ionizable crown ethers. | Thorium and the lanthanides are extracted by alpha-(sym-dibenzo-16-crown-5-oxy)acetic acid and its analogues in different pH ranges. At pH 4.5, Th is quantitatively extracted by the crown ether carboxylic acids into chloroform whereas the extraction of the lanthanides is negligible. Separation of Th from the lanthanide... |
11607345 | Electron microscopic study of supramolecular liquid crystalline polymers formed by molecular-recognition-directed self-assembly from complementary chiral components. | Electron microscopic observation provides insight into the nature of the polymeric supramolecular liquid crystalline species (TP2, TU2)n formed by polyassociation of the complementary components TP2 and TU2 derived from D-, L-, or meso-tartaric acid (where T is any form of tartaric acid, D is the D species, and L is th... |
7805705 | Supermolecular inclusion of piroxicam with beta-cyclodextrin: a review of its pharmacological properties in laboratory animals. | Piroxicam-beta-cyclodextrin is a novel NSAID; it is a supermolecular inclusion complex designed to improve the risk:benefit ratio of piroxicam. In animal studies it has been shown to be as effective as piroxicam as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent but with a more rapid onset of action and reduced gastropathic e... |
7805704 | Rheumatic diseases--clinical experience with piroxicam-beta-cyclodextrin. | The clinical relevance of piroxicam-beta-cyclodextrin (PBC) in the long-term treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis is reviewed. Two hundred and twenty-five patients--one hundred with rheumatoid arthritis and one hundred and twenty five with osteoarthritis--were enrolled in a double-blind, randomised, con... |
7805703 | Piroxicam-beta-cyclodextrin in the treatment of acute pain of rheumatic disease. | Analgesics continue to be the mainstay of therapy in osteoarthritis. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) play an important role, particularly where there is a significant inflammatory component to the osteoarthritis. Piroxicam-beta-cyclodextrin (PBC) is a new formulation in which piroxicam has been complexed... |
7805701 | Effects of piroxicam-beta-cyclodextrin on the gastrointestinal tract. | Piroxicam-beta-cyclodextrin (PBC), a complex of piroxicam with beta-cyclodextrin, was developed with the aim of improving the hydrosolubility and bioavailability of piroxicam. The complex is more rapidly absorbed, with a consequent reduction in the time of contact of piroxicam with the gastric and duodenal mucosa. It i... |
7805700 | Supermolecular inclusion of piroxicam with beta-cyclodextrin: pharmacokinetic properties in man. | Piroxicam beta-cyclodextrin is a novel inclusion complex in which the piroxicam molecule has higher wettability and faster dissolution characteristics than plain piroxicam. Pharmacokinetic studies comparing piroxicam beta-cyclodextrin with plain piroxicam have been carried out in both patients and healthy subjects. The... |
8069577 | Minimization of shaking-induced formation of insoluble aggregates of insulin by cyclodextrins. | Aggregation is known to complicate insulin delivery and the processing and formulation of biotechnology-derived peptide/protein drugs. Shaking-induced formation of insoluble aggregates in bovine insulin and the potential role of cyclodextrins in preventing such aggregation were investigated. Insulin, dissolved in phosp... |
8019899 | [Structural glycoproteins and integrins]. | Structural glycoproteins are multifunctional proteins which play a dual role in extracellular matrix: they contribute to the supramolecular organization of extracellular matrices and participate in cell-matrix interactions. Some of their receptors, the integrins, are not only adhesion molecules but there is increasing ... |
8007627 | Transfusion-associated graft versus host disease following hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma--a case report. | A case of transfusion-associated graft versus host disease (TA-GVHD) following hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma is described in a 53 year-old male patient. The intraoperative bleeding was estimated to be 1220 ml, and he was transfused with 4 units of fresh whole blood. On postoperative day (POD) 12, a fever of ... |
8168374 | Olfactory receptors: transduction, diversity, human psychophysics and genome analysis. | The emerging understanding of the molecular basis of olfactory mechanisms allows one to answer some long-standing questions regarding the complex recognition machinery involved. The ability of the olfactory system to detect chemicals at sub-nanomolar concentrations is explained by a plethora of amplification devices, i... |
8125270 | Pathogen evolution within host individuals as a primary cause of senescence. | This paper discusses a novel theory of senescence: the community of pathogens within each host individual evolves during the life-time of the host, and in doing so progressively reduces host vigour. I marshal evidence that asymptomatic host individuals maintain persistent populations of viral pathogens; that these path... |
8118163 | Itraconazole: pharmacokinetics and indications. | Itraconazole is a highly lipophilic triazolic compound, scarcely soluble in acidified polyethylene glycol, and soluble in hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin. It possesses an excellent digestive adsorption and its peak plasma level after oral administration of 100 mg is 0.16 microgram/ml at 3 or 4 h after drug intake. Half... |
8304006 | Water soluble complex of palmitic acid in media for cultivation of leprosy-derived psychrophilic mycobacteria from Mycobacterium leprae infected tissues. | Palmitic acid and palmitates were transformed into water soluble complexes with crystalline heptakis-2,6-di-0-methyl-beta-cyclodextrin. This formulation was incorporated into liquid and solid chemically well-defined media. The fatty acid served as C and energy source, ammonium thioglycolate as the sole source of N with... |
8298282 | Linkages between macromolecules in Candida albicans cell wall. | Wall mannoproteins can be divided into two major groups depending upon their degree of interaction with the structural network: one type interacts by non-covalent bonds while the second group seems covalently bound to other wall components (intrinsic or structural mannoproteins). Cytological and biochemical studies hav... |
8286444 | Higher plant microtubule-associated proteins: in vitro functional assays. | Microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) can account for the assembly and stabilization of microtubules at low tubulin concentration, for their ability to interact with other microtubules and/or cytoskeletal polymers or organelles and also for regulating microtubule anchoring and bundling properties. The data concerning ... |
8282230 | Photosensitized generation of superoxide radical in aprotic solvents: an EPR and spin trapping study. | The UV or visible irradiation of pigments such as curcumin, anthralin, benzanthrone, 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone, and rose bengal- or eosine-complexes with cationic surfactants in aerated aprotic solvents, such as benzene, toluene, acetone, n-heptane, cyclohexane, in the presence of 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMP... |
7505858 | The origin of rapid changes in birefringence, light scattering and dye absorbance associated with excitation of nerve fibers. | By comparing the time-courses of rapid optical changes in the garfish olfactory nerve evoked by electric stimulation with those of mechanical changes observed at the site of optical recording, the origin of optical changes in the nerve has been investigated. Based on the finding that the time-course of the birefringenc... |
8269604 | beta-cyclodextrin tetradecasulfate/tetrahydrocortisol +/- minocycline as modulators of cancer therapies in vitro and in vivo against primary and metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma. | Tetrahydrocortisol, beta-cyclodextrin tetradecasulfate, and minocycline used alone or in combination are not very cytotoxic toward EMT-6 mouse mammary tumor cells growing in monolayer. Tetrahydrocortisol (100 microM, 24 h) and beta-cyclodextrin tetradecasulfate (100 microM, 24 h) protected EMT-6 cells from the cytotoxi... |
8262268 | Lectin binding to olfactory system in a shark, Scyliorhinus canicula. | Lectin histochemical studies were performed on the olfactory system of Scyliorhinus canicula to identify specific glycoconjugates on the cell surface of primary olfactory neurons. The olfactory receptor cells, the olfactory nerve fibers and their terminals in the bulbs were labelled with SBA, BSA-I and BSA-I-B4. The le... |
8250491 | [Luminescence and detection in liquid chromatography. I: Change of environment of analytes]. | The emissions of light by biorganisms or these obtained by alchemists were known since long time ago but the are used in analytical chemistry only when STOKES discovered that the intensity of this light was proportional to the quantity of the matter. The very large sensibilities reached, associated with the great separ... |
8247740 | Singly-linked catenation and knotting of cisplatin-DNA adduct by DNA topoisomerase I. | We studied the topological interaction between topoisomerase I (topo I) and cisplatin-DNA adduct. The topoisomers of the cisplatinized DNA formed by topo I are different in none-, low- and high-cisplatin concentrations to bind to DNA. Two unique topologically distinct invariants, singly-linked catenane and torefoiled k... |
8240929 | Separation of the enantiomers of some racemic nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitors and barbiturates by capillary electrophoresis. | High-performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE) and micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MECC) were applied to the resolution of racemic nonsteroidal antiaromatase drugs and intermediates. Successful results were obtained in both modes using alpha-cyclodextrin (alpha-CD), beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD), gam... |
7692453 | Epitope mapping: synthetic approaches to the understanding of molecular recognition in the immune system. | Progress in the field of immunochemistry is rapidly increasing due to very efficient methods of epitope mapping. Experimental results on the allele-specific sequence motifs of MHC-binding peptides allow the exact forecast of T-cell epitopes and, in combination with B-cell prediction methods and synthetic adjuvant syste... |
7690610 | The theoretical analysis of the process of RNA molecule self-assembly. | The Kinetic approach to the problem of the RNA structure prediction based on the analysis of the molecule self-formation is proposed. Re-structurization that occurs during processing is described in terms of Markov processes. A new formalism designating nucleotides by complex numbers is proposed, leading to the complex... |
7690293 | Absorption of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) and blood leukocyte dynamics following intranasal administration in rabbits. | Absorption of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (rhG-CSF) following intranasal administration of aqueous preparations containing rhG-CSF with or without dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin was investigated. It was found that rhG-CSF was absorbed and the total leukocyte numbers in peripheral blood markedly... |
8366756 | Effect of OP-41483.alpha-CD, a prostacyclin analog, on a clamp-induced endothelial injury in rats. | We studied the effect of OP-41483.alpha-CD, a stable prostacyclin analog, on clamp-induced endothelial injury in rats. The injury was assessed by vascular Evans blue leakage and using a scanning electron microscope. OP-41483.alpha-CD significantly reduced the Evans blue leakage at doses of 30 and 100 ng/kg/min. PGE1.CD... |
8395191 | Biosensors based on plant and animal tissues. | A biosensor is defined as a device that incorporates a biological component which is either intimately connected to or integrated within a transducer. Biocatalysts, such as specialized tissues from higher animals and plants, have been incorporated into various electrochemical transducers to construct biosensors for the... |
8334360 | Update on skeletal muscle ventricles as aortic diastolic counterpulsators. | Skeletal muscle ventricles are constructed from canine latissimus dorsi muscle. These skeletal muscle ventricles can be placed subcutaneously on the chest wall or inside the chest cavity. Skeletal muscle ventricles are connected to the descending thoracic aorta and activated to pump blood as aortic diastolic counterpul... |
8321519 | The hydration of vimentin. | The hydration of vimentin isolated from the cortex of bovine lenses was studied by thermal analysis. Differential scanning calorimetry between -30, and 30 degrees C provided the freezable water content, and thermogravimetric analysis up to 105 degrees C yielded the total water content. The difference between the two gi... |
8100380 | PapD and superfamily of periplasmic immunoglobulin-like pilus chaperones. | The formation of a P pilus requires a molecular chaperone in the periplasm and a molecular usher in the outer membrane. Each pilus is composed of six different types of proteins that are assembled into a composite fiber in a defined order. The correct folding of subunits into domains that can serve as assembly modules ... |
7763690 | Effect of some constituents of chicken egg yolk lipoprotein on the growth and IgM production of human-human hybridoma cells and other human-derived cells. | Chicken egg yolk lipoprotein (YLP) was partially fractionated into some constituents, and the effect of constituents of YLP were examined on the growth and immunoglobulin (IgM and IgG) secretion of a HB4C5 human-human hybridoma cell line cultured in serum-free medium. Among the fractions, YP-1 and YP-2 fractions (LDL-r... |
7683371 | [Molecular evolution: creation of nucleic acids capable of specific complex formation and possessing catalytic functions]. | Method of designing nucleic acids capable of specific complex formation with arbitrary ligands (aptamers) and catalytically competent nucleic acids are described. The methods rely on generation of libraries of random nucleotide sequences, selection of molecules possessing the desired property from these libraries, and ... |
8480499 | Cascade system activation in shock. | Trauma and sepsis activate different cascade systems. Activation of the coagulation and clotting systems, of the kinin-kallikrein system and of the complement system are important etiological mechanisms behind development of the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multisystem organ failure (MOF) after extens... |
8385251 | Effects of OP-41483.alpha-CD, a stable prostacyclin analog, on cultured endothelial cell dysfunction caused by 15(S)-hydroperoxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid (15-HPETE) in vitro. | We studied the effect of OP-41483.alpha-CD, a stable prostacyclin analog, on, 15-HPETE induced bovine endothelial cell dysfunction, which was assessed by measuring a number of endothelial cells attached to plastic plates. 15-HPETE decreased the number of attached endothelial cells in a concentration- and time-dependent... |
8457977 | Compounds active against cell walls of medically important fungi. | A number of substances that directly or indirectly affect the cell walls of fungi have been identified. Those that actively interfere with the synthesis or degradation of polysaccharide components share the property of being produced by soil microbes as secondary metabolites. Compounds specifically interfering with chi... |
8454580 | Interaction between pullulanase from Klebsiella pneumoniae and cyclodextrins. | The interaction between pullulanase from Klebsiella pneumoniae and alpha-, beta-, and gamma-cyclodextrins and 6-O-alpha-glucosyl-alpha-cyclodextrin and 6-O-alpha-glucosyl-beta-cyclodextrin was examined by means of inhibition studies of the enzyme activity, UV difference spectroscopy, and flow calorimetry. All the above... |
8454573 | Filament-forming domain of carp dorsal myosin rod. | Substructure of the myosin rod and its correlation to the filament formation were investigated by using fish myosin rod. It was found that fish rod contains a unique chymotrypsin susceptible site, 40 kDa from the COOH-terminus or 20 kDa downstream from the subfragment-2/light meromyosin junction (S-2/LMM junction). Cle... |
8449969 | Tumors in rat kidney generated by initiation with trans-4-acetylaminostilbene and several promoting treatments. | trans-4-Acetylaminostilbene (AAS) is a complete carcinogen in rats and produces quite selectively tumors in Zymbal's glands. On the basis of DNA adduct formation, it has been proposed that this model arylamine initiates neoplastic transformation of cells in many tissues, particularly liver and kidney, which, in the cla... |
8449148 | Chemistry and biology of heme. Effect of metal salts, organometals, and metalloporphyrins on heme synthesis and catabolism, with special reference to clinical implications and interactions with cytochrome P-450. | Although free porphyrins occur in nature in small quantities, no known function has been assigned to them. In contrast, heme and cobalamin, which are Fe and Co chelates of porphyrins or porphyrin derivatives, respectively, carry out crucial biological functions. Heme is the prosthetic group for a number of hemoproteins... |
8443589 | Disulfide bonding patterns and protein topologies. | This paper examines the topological properties of protein disulfide bonding patterns. First, a description of these patterns in terms of partially directed graphs is developed. The topologically distinct disulfide bonding patterns available to a polypeptide chain containing n disulfide bonds are enumerated, and their s... |
8443410 | Regulation of albumin gene expression in hepatoma cells of fetal phenotype: dominant inhibition of HNF1 function and role of ubiquitous transcription factors. | Two widely used hepatoma cell lines, mouse BW1J and human HepG2, express gene products characteristic of fetal hepatocytes, including serum albumin, whereas reporter genes driven by the albumin promoter are expressed at very low levels compared with highly differentiated hepatoma cells. We have investigated the low alb... |
8382795 | E. coli RNA polymerase, deleted in the C-terminal part of its alpha-subunit, interacts differently with the cAMP-CRP complex at the lacP1 and at the galP1 promoter. | A deletion of the C-terminal part of the alpha-subunit of RNA polymerase is known to affect differently promoters activated by CRP depending on the location of the CRP binding site at the promoter. When the CRP binding site is located at -61.5, as at lacP1 (a type I promoter), activation is strongly impaired while it i... |
7679937 | Cyclic lactam analogues containing the main immunogenic region of Torpedo acetylcholine receptor. | The majority of autoantibodies against the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) bind to an extracellular region of the AChR's alpha-subunit, named main immunogenic region (MIR), with the sequence W67-N-P-A-DY-G-G-I-K76 for the Torpedo californica electric organ. We report on the synthesis and the biological and 1H-N... |
8382258 | Proton block of rat brain sodium channels. Evidence for two proton binding sites and multiple occupancy. | The acid titration function of bilayer-incorporated batrachotoxin (BTX)-modified sodium channels was examined in experiments in which the pH was decreased symmetrically, on both sides of the membrane, or asymmetrically, on only one side. In an attempt to minimize interpretational ambiguities, the experiments were done ... |
7763423 | Enzymatic synthesis of a novel trisaccharide, glucosyl lactoside. | Cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase from Bacillus stearothermophilus produced a series of oligosaccharides by the transglycosylation reaction with cyclomaltohexaose as a glycosyl donor and D-lactose as its acceptor. The content of oligosaccharide A as the main transfer product was 22.1% of the total sugar. The content... |
8433526 | [New useful parameters or makers in diagnosis and condition. Analysis of disseminated intravascular coagulation--mainly molecular markers]. | New assays for thrombin-antithrombin III complex, plasmin-alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor complex, FDP-D-dimer, t-PA/PAI-1 complex and prothrombin fragment F1+2 are reviewed as molecular markers for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). These are sensitive to early stage indication of DIC. Fluctuation of their levels... |
8433524 | [Multiple organ failure related to disseminated intravascular coagulation]. | This paper describes the main pathophysiological events leading to multiple organ failure (MOF) related to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), caused by circulatory failure or infection. The main mechanisms responsible for the development of MOF in DIC are discussed, as are both the organ ischemia due to stas... |
8381881 | [Treatment of multiple organ failure]. | Since numerous pathogenic factors are known to be involved in the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and multiple organ failure (MOF) in sepsis, the successful management of these clinical states is difficult. To investigate the mechanisms further, we developed experimental sepsis models associ... |
8431940 | Preparation, isolation, and characterization of novel heterogeneous branched cyclomalto-oligosaccharides having beta-D-galactosyl residue(s) on the side chain. | Transgalactosylated products of branched cyclodextrins (glucosyl-alpha CD, -beta CD, -gamma CD, and maltosyl-alpha CD, -beta CD, -gamma CD) were synthesized by beta-D-galactosidases from Bacillus circulans and Penicillium multicolor using lactose as a donor substrate and branched CDs as acceptors. Eighteen beta-D-galac... |
7679294 | X-ray scattering with momentum transfer in the plane of membrane. Application to gramicidin organization. | We demonstrate a technique for measuring x-ray (or neutron) scattering with the momentum transfer confined in the plane of membrane, for the purpose of studying lateral organization of proteins and peptides in membrane. Unlike freeze-fracture electron microscopy or atomic force microscopy which requires the membrane to... |
8429080 | High-performance liquid chromatographic enantioseparation of glycyl di- and tripeptides on native cyclodextrin bonded phases. Mechanistic considerations. | Di- and tripeptides containing at least one glycine moiety were separated into enantiomers on alpha-, beta- and gamma-cyclodextrin bonded phases after their precolumn derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC-Cl). It is shown that the choice of a suitable cyclodextrin bonded phase used with a nonaqueous... |
8428592 | Characterization of the endogenous deoxyribonuclease involved in nuclear DNA degradation during apoptosis (programmed cell death). | Cell death by apoptosis occurs in a wide range of physiological events including repertoire selection of lymphocytes and during immune responses in vivo. A hallmark of apoptosis is the internucleosomal DNA degradation for which a Ca2+,Mg(2+)-dependent endonuclease has been postulated. This nuclease activity was extract... |
8093906 | The immunopathogenesis and immunotherapy of autoimmune disease. | A conference entitled 'The Immunopathogenesis and Immunotherapy of Autoimmune Disease' was held at the Royal College of Physicians on 20 May 1992. Its aim was to consider advances in pathogenesis and their translation into therapeutic targets. |
8424775 | Expression and lipoylation in Escherichia coli of the inner lipoyl domain of the E2 component of the human pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. | The dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase subunit (E2p) of mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase complex has two highly conserved lipoyl domains each modified with a lipoyl cofactor bound in amide linkage to a specific lysine residue. A sub-gene encoding the inner lipoyl domain of human E2p has been over-expressed in Escherich... |
8424763 | The mouse collagen X gene: complete nucleotide sequence, exon structure and expression pattern. | Overlapping genomic clones covering the 7.2 kb mouse alpha 1(X) collagen gene, 0.86 kb of promoter and 1.25 kb of 3'-flanking sequences were isolated from two genomic libraries and characterized by nucleotide sequencing. Typical features of the gene include a unique three-exon structure, similar to that in the chick ge... |
8424758 | Two cysteine substitutions in procollagen I: a glycine replacement near the N-terminus of alpha 1(I) chain causes lethal osteogenesis imperfecta and a glycine replacement in the alpha 2(I) chain markedly destabilizes the triple helix. | Cultured skin fibroblasts were examined from two probands with type II (lethal) osteogenesis imperfecta. One proband had a single base mutation which converted the glycine codon at position alpha 1-244 in the alpha 1(I) chain of procollagen I into a cysteine codon whereas the other had a similar mutation that converted... |
8424753 | Intramitochondrial control of the oxidation of hexadecanoate in skeletal muscle. A study of the acyl-CoA esters which accumulate during rat skeletal-muscle mitochondrial beta-oxidation of [U-14C]hexadecanoate and [U-14C]hexadecanoyl-carnitine. | 1. We describe the acyl-CoA and acyl-carnitine esters which arise from the incubation of well-coupled State 3 rat skeletal-muscle mitochondrial fractions with [U-14C]hexadecanoate and [U-14C]hexadecanoyl-carnitine. 2. Acyl-CoA ester intermediates of chain length 16, 14, 12, 10 and 8 carbons were detected. 3. Although i... |
7678718 | Distribution and origin of the basement membrane component perlecan in rat liver and primary hepatocyte culture. | Basement membranes contain three major components (ie collagen IV, laminin, and the heparan sulfate proteoglycan termed perlecan). Although the distribution and origin of both collagen IV and laminin have been well documented in the liver, perlecan has been poorly investigated, so far. We have studied the distribution ... |
8423453 | Expression of Bombyx mori cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus polyhedrin in insect cells by using a baculovirus expression vector, and its assembly into polyhedra. | A cDNA encoding the cytoplasmic polyhedrin of Bombyx mori cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (BmCPV) strain H was introduced into an improved baculovirus expression vector which can be utilized to express foreign genes in the Spodoptera frugiperda cell line IPLB-SF-21AE (Sf21 cells) and the B. mori cell line BmN. A recombi... |
8423237 | Expression of high affinity interleukin-4 receptors on human renal cell carcinoma cells and inhibition of tumor cell growth in vitro by interleukin-4. | Previously, Puri et al. (Puri, R. K., M. Ogata, P. Leland, G. M. Feldman, D. Fitzgerald, and I. Pastan. 1991. Cancer Res. 51:3011-3017) have demonstrated that murine sarcoma and colon adenocarcinoma cells express high affinity interleukin-4 receptors (IL-4R) which are internalized after binding to a chimeric ligand con... |
8423194 | Experimental models of kidney tumors. | We here present in outline some outstanding results on the animal models of renal tumors submitted to the highest attention, which include two kinds of epithelial neoplasms: those developed from the epithelium lining each the renal tubules (renal cell tumors) and pelvis; the mesenchymal tumor of rat; and tumors with em... |
8422956 | In vitro selection and evolution of RNA: applications for catalytic RNA, molecular recognition, and drug discovery. | In vitro selection and in vitro evolution methods represent powerful tools for isolating functional RNA molecules, and are proving to have wide applications in biology. Selection in the absence of living cells is possible because some RNA molecules possess a selectable "phenotype" (catalytic activity or ligand binding)... |
8421696 | Expression of wild-type and mutant bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A in Escherichia coli. | Wild-type ribonuclease A and five mutants thereof have been expressed in Escherichia coli as fusion proteins by using a T7 expression system. The five mutants are C[65-72]S, C[40-95]S, C[58-110]S, C[26-84]S, and K41G. The expressed fusion protein formed inclusion bodies which were then cleaved by factor Xa. The cleaved... |
7678457 | Potent anti-CD5 ricin A chain immunoconjugates from bacterially produced Fab' and F(ab')2. | We have used genetic engineering to obtain secretion of anti-human CD5 antibody fragments from Escherichia coli for conjugation to the 30-kDa form of ricin A chain (RTA30). This was accomplished by introducing stop codons at two positions in the hinge region of the human IgG1 gene so that coexpression of the truncated ... |
8421289 | Synthesis of 20-hydroxy-, 20-amino-, and 20-nitro-14-hydroxy-21-nor-5 beta,14 beta-pregnane C-3 glycosides and related derivatives: structure-activity relationships of pregnanes that bind to the digitalis receptor. | The preparation of derivatives of 14-hydroxy-21-nor-5 beta,14 beta-pregnane and 5 beta,14 beta-pregnane C-3 alpha-L-rhamnosides and tris-beta-D-digitoxosides is described. These derivatives, possessing a C-17 beta COCH2OH, CH2OH, CO2H, CO2Me, CH2NH2, or CH2NO2 group, bind to the digitalis receptor recognition site of h... |
8421066 | Structure and binding properties of collagen type XIV isolated from human placenta. | Collagen XIV was isolated from neutral salt extracts of human placenta and purified by several chromatographic steps including affinity binding to heparin. The same procedures also led to the purification of a tissue form of fibronectin. Collagen XIV was demonstrated by partial sequence analysis of its Col1 and Col2 do... |
8419343 | Purification and properties of the RecR protein from Bacillus subtilis 168. | Genetic evidence suggests that the Bacillus subtilis recR gene product is involved in DNA repair and recombination. To assign a biochemical function to the recR gene product, the RecR protein was labeled and purified by monitoring the radioactive label. NH2-terminal protein sequence analysis of RecR was consistent with... |
8418210 | Site-specific alterations in the B oligomer that affect receptor-binding activities and mitogenicity of pertussis toxin. | Pertussis toxin plays a major role in the pathogenesis of whooping cough and is considered an important constituent of vaccines against this disease. It is composed of five different subunits associated in a molar ratio 1S1:1S2:1S3:2S4:1S5. The S1 subunit is responsible for the ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of the to... |
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