id stringlengths 4 8 | title stringlengths 1 642 | abstract stringlengths 50 17.9k |
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8418087 | Evaluation of the antitumour activity of coumarin in prostate cancer models. | Responses to coumarin have been reported for patients suffering from malignant melanoma, metastatic renal carcinoma and, recently, advanced prostate cancer. These data together with some experimental evidence for antiprostatic effect prompted us to study the activity of coumarin in various prostate tumour models and ev... |
7678100 | Epitope mapping and characterization of antigenic determinants of heat-stable enterotoxin (STh) of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli by using monoclonal antibodies. | A panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific for the heat-stable enterotoxin (STh) of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli was produced. All four MAbs (8G7, 53-4, 11C, and SH1) bound to native STh in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to various degrees, with clone SH1 showing the best affinity. The MAbs were screene... |
7678054 | Interferon consensus sequence-binding protein, a member of the interferon regulatory factor family, suppresses interferon-induced gene transcription. | We previously isolated a cDNA clone encoding interferon consensus sequence-binding protein (ICSBP), a member of the interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family, that binds to the interferon (IFN)-stimulated response element (ISRE) of many IFN-regulated genes. In this investigation, we studied the functional role of ICSBP... |
8417026 | Growth of Helicobacter pylori in media containing cyclodextrins. | We show that solid and liquid media, supplemented only with cyclodextrins and free of blood and its derivatives, support the growth of Helicobacter pylori. These media can be used for primary isolation of the bacteria from biopsy samples, routine laboratory growth, and large-scale industrial fermentation. |
8416984 | Three-dimensional reconstruction and analysis of mitotic spindles from the yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe. | Mitotic spindles of Schizosaccharomyces pombe have been studied by EM, using serial cross sections to reconstruct 12 spindles from cells that were ultrarapidly frozen and fixed by freeze substitution. The resulting distributions of microtubules (MTs) have been analyzed by computer. Short spindles contain two kinds of M... |
8093237 | Thin, aggregative fimbriae mediate binding of Salmonella enteritidis to fibronectin. | The binding of human fibronectin and Congo red by an autoaggregative Salmonella enteritidis strain was found to be dependent on its ability to produce thin, aggregative fimbriae, named SEF 17 (for Salmonella enteritidis fimbriae with an apparent fimbrin molecular mass of 17 kDa). Two other fimbrial types produced by S.... |
8416385 | Glycosylation is necessary for the correct folding of human immunodeficiency virus gp120 in CD4 binding. | Conflicting results have been reported regarding the role of carbohydrate on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope glycoprotein gp120 in CD4 receptor binding. Glycosylated, deglycosylated, and nonglycosylated forms of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 gp120s were used to examine CD4 receptor-binding activity. Nonglyco... |
8093221 | Formation of rhinovirus-soluble ICAM-1 complexes and conformational changes in the virion. | Viral receptors serve both to target viruses to specific cell types and to actively promote the entry of bound virus into cells. Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) can form complexes in vitro with a truncated soluble form of the HRV cell surface receptor, ICAM-1. These complexes appear to be stoichiometric, with approximately 6... |
8380079 | Self-assembly of human papillomavirus type 1 capsids by expression of the L1 protein alone or by coexpression of the L1 and L2 capsid proteins. | Vaccinia virus vectors were used to express the major (L1) and minor (L2) capsid proteins of human papillomavirus type 1 (HPV-1) with the vaccinia virus early (p7.5K) or late (pSynth, p11K) promoters. All constructs expressed the appropriate-sized HPV proteins, and both L1 and L2, singly or in combination, localized to... |
8380073 | Expression of Aleutian mink disease parvovirus proteins in a baculovirus vector system. | We have previously published a detailed transcription map of Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (ADV) and proposed a model for the translation of the two virion structural proteins (VP1 and VP2) and three nonstructural proteins (NS-1, NS-2, and NS-3) (S. Alexandersen, M. E. Bloom, and S. Perryman, J. Virol. 62:3684-3994,... |
7763343 | Development of a cyclodextrin production process using specific adsorbents. | Novel adsorbents that are composed of ligand, spacer, and support were chemically synthesized, and the two consecutive screenings made it possible to determine the adsorbents that were most suitable for alpha- and beta-CD production, respectively. Stearic acid was the most effective ligand for alpha-CD, whereas cyclohe... |
28053455 | Outline of Neutron Scattering Formalism. | Neutron scattering formalism is briefly surveyed. Topics touched upon include coherent and incoherent scattering, bound and free cross-sections, the Van Hove formalism, magnetic scattering, elastic scattering, the static approximation, sum rules, small angle scattering, inelastic scattering, thermal diffuse scattering,... |
27281012 | Novel Cyclic Dextrins, Cycloisomaltooligosaccharides, from Bacillus sp. T-3040 Culture. | Three kinds of novel cyclic isomaltooligosaccharides were isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Bacillus sp. T-3040, which had been isolated from soil. They were identified as cycloisomalto-heptaose, -octaose, and -nonaose, respectively, on the basis of their mass spectra, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spe... |
18601249 | Enzymatic production of cyclodextrins from milled corn starch in an ultrafiltration membrane bioreactor. | Cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) was found to be severely inhibited by cyclodextrins. In order to increase the conversion yield by reducing product inhibition and reuse the CGTase in the production of cyclodextrins from milled corn starch, an ultrafiltration membrane bioreactor system was employed. In a batch ... |
18475568 | Anaesthetics modulate tumour necrosis factor alpha: effects of L-carnitine supplementation in surgical patients. Preliminary results. | Both anaesthetics and surgical trauma could strongly affect the production of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha). During in vitro experiments the authors found that anaesthetics modulate the production of TNFalpha by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Notably, Pentothal strongly increased the production of the cy... |
17757473 | Synthesis of two-dimensional polymers. | A synthetic pathway is described to construct "in bulk" two-dimensional (2D) polymers shaped as molecular sheets. A chiral oligomeric precursor is used that contains two reactive sites, a polymerizable group at one terminus and a reactive stereogenic center near the middle of the molecule. The bulk reaction yields bila... |
16348849 | Evaluation of the Biolog Substrate Utilization System To Identify and Assess Metabolic Variation among Strains of Xanthomonas campestris pv. Citri. | Metabolic fingerprints of 148 strains of Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri originating from 24 countries and associated with various forms of citrus bacterial canker disease (CBCD) were obtained by using the Biolog substrate utilization system. Metabolic profiles were used to attempt strain identification. Only 6.8% of ... |
7720731 | Immunological properties and tissue localization of two different collagen types in annelid and vestimentifera species. | Rabbit antisera against cuticle and interstitial collagens from shallow sea water and hydrothermal vent annelids (Arenicola marina, and the pompeii worm Alvinella pompejana) and the vestimentiferan tube worm Riftia pachyptila showed a clear distinction between the two types of collagens, a broad cross-reactivity among ... |
7720728 | Subcellular localization and supramolecular organization of neuroendocrine-specific protein B (NSP-B) in small cell lung cancer. | We have recently isolated and characterized a novel gene that is expressed in a neuroendocrine-specific fashion and was therefore designated neuroendocrine-specific protein (NSP)-gene. The NSP-gene encodes three transcripts of different size, with unique 5'-sequences and completely overlapping 3'-sequences. The resulti... |
7720689 | Consequences of a maximum existing in the dependence of separation selectivity on concentration of cyclodextrin added as chiral selector in capillary zone electrophoresis. | The maximum in the dependence of the separation selectivity on the concentration of cyclodextrin may be utilized for the determination of the mean value of host-guest interaction constants of the separated enantiomers. For the hosting of N-t-BOC-DL-tryptophan by beta-cyclodextrin, the mean value of these constants, fou... |
7720398 | The effect of a modified beta-cyclodextrin, SBE4-beta-CD, on the aqueous stability and ocular absorption of pilocarpine. | In the present study, the effects of a novel, modified beta-cyclodextrin derivative (SBE4-beta-CD; a variably substituted sulfobutyl ether of beta-cyclodextrin with an average degree of substitution of four) on the aqueous stability of pilocarpine and on its ocular absorption in albino rabbits were studied. For stabili... |
7715442 | Expression of the genes coding for the Escherichia coli integration host factor are controlled by growth phase, rpoS, ppGpp and by autoregulation. | Transcriptional control of the himA and the himD/hip genes coding for the two subunits of the integration host factor (IHF) was investigated. The promoters for the two genes were identified by the use of primer extension and S1 analysis. Expression from both promoters was found to increase as the cells enter stationary... |
7712289 | Structures of two classes of MHC molecules elucidated: crucial differences and similarities. | New structures of MHC molecules have significantly improved our understanding of molecular recognition in cellular immunology. Highlights include the first structure of a class II MHC molecule, complexed with a viral peptide and with a bacterial superantigen. A structure of an MHC-like Fc receptor is expected soon. Int... |
7706215 | Comparison of the binding of beta-cyclodextrin and alpha- and gamma-cyclodextrins with pullulanase from Klebsiella pneumoniae as studied by equilibrium and kinetic fluorometry. | The change in fluorescence spectra of crystalline pullulanase from Klebsiella pneumoniae caused by the addition of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-cyclodextrins and 6-O-alpha-glucosyl-alpha-cyclodextrin and 6-O-alpha-glucosyl-beta-cyclodextrin was investigated at 25 degrees C and pH 5.6. The fluorescence intensity at around 3... |
7705307 | Neutrophil-generated free radicals: possible mechanisms of injury in adult respiratory distress syndrome. | The acute lung injury resulting from adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is thought to be largely mediated by activated neutrophils. Because activated neutrophils produce the superoxide radical, which is both bacterial and cytotoxic to host cells, this oxygen-derived free radical is likely responsible for at lea... |
7696710 | Extracellular matrix controls tubulin monomer levels in hepatocytes by regulating protein turnover. | Cells have evolved an autoregulatory mechanism to dampen variations in the concentration of tubulin monomer that is available to polymerize into microtubules (MTs), a process that is known as tubulin autoregulation. However, thermodynamic analysis of MT polymerization predicts that the concentration of free tubulin mon... |
7696472 | Mutational analysis of ion conduction and drug binding sites in the inner mouth of voltage-gated K+ channels. | Pore properties that distinguish two cloned, voltage-gated K+ channels, Kv2.1 and Kv3.1, include single-channel conductance, block by external and internal tetraethylammonium, and block by 4-aminopyridine. To define the inner mouth of voltage-gated K+ channels, segmental exchanges and point mutations of nonconserved re... |
7696469 | Localization of calmodulin binding sites on the ryanodine receptor from skeletal muscle by electron microscopy. | Calmodulin (CaM) is a regulator of the calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor) of the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal and cardiac muscle. The locations where CaM binds on the surface of the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor were determined by electron microscopy. Wheat germ CaM was labeled specifically at Cys-... |
7696465 | The distal residue-CO interaction in carbonmonoxy myoglobins: a molecular dynamics study of two distal histidine tautomers. | Four independent 90 ps molecular dynamics simulations of sperm-whale wild-type carbonmonoxy myoglobin (MbCO) have been calculated using a new AMBER force field for the haem prosthetic group. Two trajectories have the distal 64N delta nitrogen protonated, and two have the 64N epsilon nitrogen protonated; all water molec... |
7696460 | High resolution structures of the 4-4-20 Fab-fluorescein complex in two solvent systems: effects of solvent on structure and antigen-binding affinity. | Three-dimensional structures were determined for three crystal forms of the antigen binding fragment (Fab) of anti-fluorescein antibody 4-4-20 in complex with fluorescein. These included 1) a triclinic (P1) form crystallized in 47% (v/v) 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol (MPD); 2) a triclinic (P1) form crystallized in 16% (w/v)... |
7696459 | The influence of salt on the structure and energetics of supercoiled DNA. | We present a detailed computational study of the influence of salt on the configurations, energies, and dynamics of supercoiled DNA. A potential function that includes both elastic and electrostatic energy components is employed. Specifically, the electrostatic term, with salt-dependent coefficients, is modeled after S... |
7696375 | Chiral discrimination of phenethylamines with beta-cyclodextrin and heptakis(2,3-di-O-acetyl)beta-cyclodextrin by capillary electrophoresis and NMR spectroscopy. | The resolution of nine sympathomimetic phenethylamine racemates by beta-cyclodextrin and heptakis(2,3-di-O-acetyl)beta-cyclodextrin has been investigated by capillary electrophoresis and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The NMR and capillary electrophoresis results showed that beta-cyclodextrin probably formed stronger complexes w... |
7696221 | A molecular dynamics study of branched alpha-cyclodextrin. | A branched alpha-cyclodextrin is a derivative of an alpha-cyclodextrin with a branch consisting of an extra glucose unit. Its water solubility is considerably higher than that of the unbranched one. We have studied the high solubility of the molecule in aqueous solution by molecular dynamics simulations. Trajectories o... |
7899242 | Effect of 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin on crystallization and polymorphic transition of nifedipine in solid state. | The glassy state of nifedipine (NP) was prepared in the absence and presence of 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CyD), and its crystallization and polymorphic transition behavior was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffractometry. In DSC thermograms, the glassy NP exhi... |
7899230 | The effect of cyclodextrins on the stability of peptides in nasal enzymic systems. | Leucine enkephalin (YGGFL) undergoes rapid degradation in sheep nasal mucosa to yield GGFL which is further degraded to FL. The activity of the nasal mucosal homogenate against YGGFL and GGFL (t1/2 12 and 7 min) was significantly greater than that observed with a nasal wash fluid (t1/2 40 and 13 min). The effect of cyc... |
7896116 | Estimating effective population size or mutation rate using the frequencies of mutations of various classes in a sample of DNA sequences. | Mutations resulting in segregating sites of a sample of DNA sequences can be classified by size and type and the frequencies of mutations of different sizes and types can be inferred from the sample. A framework for estimating the essential parameter theta = 4Nu utilizing the frequencies of mutations of various sizes a... |
7891298 | Epithelial transport and bioavailability of intranasally administered human growth hormone formulated with the absorption enhancers didecanoyl-L-alpha-phosphatidylcholine and alpha-cyclodextrin in rabbits. | The transepithelial transport of biosynthetic human growth hormone (hGH) formulated with the absorption enhancers didecanoyl-L-alpha-phosphatidylcholine (DDPC) and alpha-cyclodextrin (alpha-CD) was studied after intranasal administration to rabbits. Plasma concentrations of the hormone were determined until 240 min pos... |
7889368 | Basal forebrain injections of the benzodiazepine partial inverse agonist FG 7142 enhance memory of rats in the double Y-maze. | Cholinergic replacement strategies have achieved little success in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. It has been suggested that the mnemonic function of cholinergic neurons may be enhanced by treatments that reduce GABA-ergic inhibition, while preserving the normal pattern of activity in the cholinergic neurons. Fo... |
7889262 | Effects of tenoxicam and aspirin on the metabolism of proteoglycans and hyaluronan in normal and osteoarthritic human articular cartilage. | 1. As nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may impair the ability of the chondrocyte to repair its damaged extracellular matrix, we explored the changes in the metabolism of newly synthesized proteoglycan (PG) and hyaluronan (HA) molecules produced by tenoxicam and aspirin in human normal cartilage explants and in oste... |
7887477 | A stable water-soluble tetramethylbenzidine-2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complex and its applications in enzyme assays. | 3,3',5,5'-Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), a hydrophobic and noncarcinogenic chromogen with a high absorption coefficient widely used in solid-phase assays involving labeled horseradish peroxidase was rendered soluble (up to 40 mM) and more stable for at least 2 months at 22-24 degrees C by forming a water-soluble inclusion... |
7883902 | Detection of immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgA, and IgG Norwalk virus-specific antibodies by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with baculovirus-expressed Norwalk virus capsid antigen in adult volunteers challenged with Norwalk virus. | Pre- and postexposure sera collected from 17 adult volunteers challenged with Norwalk virus as described previously (D. Y. Graham, X. Jiang, T. Tanaka, A. Opekun, P. Madore, and M. K. Estes, J. Infect. Dis. 170:34-43, 1994) were examined for Norwalk virus-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgA, and IgG by indirect enzyme... |
7533698 | Piroxicam-beta-cyclodextrin. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential in rheumatic diseases and pain states. | Piroxicam-beta-cyclodextrin is a complex of the established nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) piroxicam and an inert cyclic macromolecule, beta-cyclodextrin. In clinical trials in patients with rheumatic diseases or pain arising from other conditions, it was as effective an analgesic as standard piroxicam, and... |
7859341 | Divalent cation-dependent interaction of sulfated polysaccharides with phosphatidylcholine and mixed phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylglycerol liposomes. | The Ca(2+)-dependent interaction of various polyanionic polysaccharides (chondroitin sulfate, heparin, dextran sulfate, beta-cyclodextrin sulfate, hyaluronic acid and carboxymethyldextran) with multilamellar dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) liposomes was investigated by calorimetric and fluorescence spectroscopic... |
7858368 | Postsurgical complications in older patients. The role of pharmacological intervention. | The number of elderly patients undergoing surgery has been rapidly increasing during the last few years. Following surgical interventions, high rates of mortality and morbidity have been reported in the most advanced age groups. Nevertheless, perioperative evaluation and postoperative care are the major determinants of... |
7842441 | Induced circular dichroism study of the aqueous solution complexation of cello-oligosaccharides and related polysaccharides with aromatic dyes. | Acetobacter xylinum, grown in the presence of low levels of the water-soluble dye Calcofluor White ST produces a pellicle of cellulose that has no detectable crystallinity. Biological factors of this sort are probably more important than physical factors in controlling the higher order structures of celluloses. Circula... |
7838721 | Identification of a DNA binding site for the nuclear factor YY1 in the human GM-CSF core promoter. | It has been well documented that the repeated CATT(A/T) sequence, localized between -64 and -35 in the human GM-CSF promoter, is required for the promoter activity, and this region likely serves as a core recognition sequence for a cellular transcription factor. However, the transcription factor that interacts with thi... |
7530841 | Oligonucleotide-directed self-assembly of proteins: semisynthetic DNA--streptavidin hybrid molecules as connectors for the generation of macroscopic arrays and the construction of supramolecular bioconjugates. | Modified biomolecules were used for the non-covalent assembly of novel bioconjugates. Hybrid molecules were synthesized from short single-stranded DNA and streptavidin by chemical methods using a heterobispecific crosslinker. The covalent attachment of an oligonucleotide moiety to streptavidin provides a specific recog... |
7834658 | Molecular recognition of antigenic polysaccharides: a conformational comparison of capsules from Streptococcus pneumoniae serogroup 9. | Aqueous solution conformations of three antigenic bacterial capsular polysaccharides (CPS) from S. pneumoniae serogroup 9 were determined using a combination of NMR data (NOE build-up rates and conformation-dependent chemical shifts), simulated annealing, and molecular dynamics simulations. Each polymer adopts a flexib... |
7816632 | Non-covalent DNA groove-binding by 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine. | The cooked meat mutagen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenyl-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) is metabolized in vivo to electrophilic intermediates that covalently bind to DNA guanines. Here we address the mechanism of PhIP's non-covalent interaction with DNA by using spectroscopic and computational methodologies. NMR methodologies ... |
7816626 | Requirements for noncovalent binding of vaccinia topoisomerase I to duplex DNA. | Vaccinia DNA topoisomerase binds duplex DNA and forms a covalent adduct at sites containing a conserved sequence element 5'(C/T)CCTT decreases in the scissile strand. Distinctive aspects of noncovalent versus covalent interaction emerge from analysis of the binding properties of Topo(Phe-274), a mutated protein which i... |
7813449 | Tc1 transposase of Caenorhabditis elegans is an endonuclease with a bipartite DNA binding domain. | The Tc1 transposon of Caenorhabditis elegans is a member of the Tc1/mariner family of mobile elements. These elements have inverted terminal repeats that flank a single transposase gene. Here we show that Tc1 transposase, Tc1A, has a bipartite DNA binding domain related to the paired domain of mammalian and Drosophila ... |
7813434 | Transformation by homeobox genes can be mediated by selective transcriptional repression. | Altered transcription is a recurrent theme in the field of cancer biology. But despite the central role of transcription in transformation, little is known about the mechanism by which dominant nuclear oncogenes induce malignancies. Homeobox family proteins are prominent examples of transcriptional regulators which con... |
7813424 | Interfacial self-assembly of a hydrophobin into an amphipathic protein membrane mediates fungal attachment to hydrophobic surfaces. | The SC3p hydrophobin of Schizophyllum commune is a small hydrophobic protein (100-101 amino acids with eight cysteine residues) that self-assembles at a water/air interface and coats aerial hyphae with an SDS-insoluble protein membrane, at the outer side highly hydrophobic and with a typical rodlet pattern. SC3p monome... |
7809158 | Thermodynamic procedure to synthesize heteropolymers that can renature to recognize a given target molecule. | We suggest a procedure to synthesize polymers with characteristics similar to those observed in globular proteins: renaturability and the existence of an "active site" capable of specifically recognizing a given target molecule. This procedure is investigated by computer simulation, which finds a yield of up to 65%. We... |
7809148 | Following the assembly of RNA polymerase-DNA complexes in aqueous solutions with the scanning force microscope. | The capability of the scanning force microscope (SFM) to image molecules in aqueous buffers has opened the exciting possibility of following processes of molecular assembly in real time and in near-physiological environments. This capability is demonstrated in this paper by following the assembly process of RNA polymer... |
7809133 | Construction of a bisaquo heme enzyme and binding by exogenous ligands. | The crystal structure of the His-175-->Gly (H175G) mutant of cytochrome-c peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.5), missing its only heme ligand, reveals that the histidine is replaced by solvent to give a bisaquo heme protein. This protein retains some residual activity, which can be stimulated or inhibited by addition of exogenous l... |
7809122 | Biosynthesis of a defensive insect alkaloid: epilachnene from oleic acid and serine. | The biosynthesis of the azamacrolide epilachnene by the coccinellid beetle Epilachna varivestis has been studied with 2H-labeled oleic acid, 2H-labeled L-serine, and 13C,15N-labeled L-serine. The incorporation of these precursors into epilachnene defines the origin of the alkaloid's entire carbon/nitrogen skeleton. GC/... |
7809047 | Interaction of two LysR-type regulatory proteins CatR and ClcR with heterologous promoters: functional and evolutionary implications. | The soil bacteria Pseudomonas putida can use benzoate or 3-chlorobenzoate as a sole carbon source. Benzoate and 3-chlorobenzoate are converted into catechol and 3-chlorocatechol, respectively, which are in turn converted into tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates. The catabolic pathways of both compounds proceed throu... |
7809046 | Stereospecific dihaloalkane binding in a pH-sensitive cavity in cubic insulin crystals. | Crystallographic analysis at 2-A resolution of the selective binding of dihalogenated methane, ethane, and ethylene compounds in the cavity on the cubic insulin dimer axis provides a model for anesthetic-protein interactions. At pH 6-11, 1,2-dichloroethane binds isomorphically in the right-handed cis-conformation, disp... |
7803462 | Stereochemistry of 2,4-dimethyleicos-2-enoate from the pyruvylated glycolipid of Mycobacterium smegmatis. | The absolute stereochemistry of 2,4-dimethyleicos-2-enoic acid, isolated from the pyruvylated glycolipid of Mycobacterium smegmatis, has been determined. The two enantiomers of methyl 2,4-dimethyleicos-2-enoate were synthesised for the first time but could not be separated by gas chromatography on cyclodextrin phases. ... |
7799405 | Pentamidine congeners. 2. 2-butene-bridged aromatic diamidines and diimidazolines as potential anti-Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia agents. | We have synthesized cis and trans geometric isomers 1-8 as semirigid congeners of pentamidine. Compounds 1-4 were more potent than pentamidine in treating Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in immunosuppressed rats. These compounds also demonstrated no clinical toxicity or histopathologic abnormalities. Introduction of met... |
7528239 | A mutation in the V1 end domain of keratin 1 in non-epidermolytic palmar-plantar keratoderma. | Mutations in keratin 9 have been found in families with an epidermolytic form of palmar-plantar keratoderma (PPK). In another form of PPK (Unna-Thost type), epidermolysis is not observed histologically. We studied a pedigree with this non-epidermolytic form of PPK. By gene linkage analysis, the type I keratin locus cou... |
7798308 | Tpr, a large coiled coil protein whose amino terminus is involved in activation of oncogenic kinases, is localized to the cytoplasmic surface of the nuclear pore complex. | From a panel of monoclonal antibodies raised against fractions of rat liver nuclear envelopes (NEs), we have identified an antibody, RL30, which reacts with novel nuclear pore complex (NPC) antigens that are not O-glycosylated. By immunofluorescence staining of cultured cells, RL30 reacts exclusively with the NE in a p... |
8002593 | Structural aspects and immunolocalization of the F420-reducing and non-F420-reducing hydrogenases from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum Marburg. | The F420-reducing hydrogenase and the non-F420-reducing hydrogenase (EC 1.12.99.1.) were isolated from a crude extract of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum Marburg. Electron microscopy of the negatively stained F420-reducing hydrogenase revealed that the enzyme is a complex with a diameter of 15.6 nm. It consists of... |
8002587 | Molecular characterization of the Salmonella typhimurium flhB operon and its protein products. | The flhB and flhA genes constitute an operon called flhB operon on the Salmonella typhimurium chromosome. Their gene products are required for formation of the rod structure of flagellar apparatus. Furthermore, several lines of evidence suggest that they, together with FliI and FliH, may constitute the export apparatus... |
7999752 | Supramolecular self-assembly of Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase: effects of pressure and adenylylation state on dodecamer stacking. | Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase is a dodecamer of identical subunits, consisting of two face-to-face hexameric rings. The enzymatic activity of GS is regulated by covalent attachment of an adenylyl group to each subunit, at the edge of the ring structure (Tyr-397). In the presence of Zn2+, Cu2+, Co2+, and other d... |
7999751 | Supramolecular self-assembly of glutamine synthetase: mutagenesis of a novel intermolecular metal binding site required for dodecamer stacking. | Dodecameric glutamine synthetase (GS) from Escherichia coli assembles into highly ordered supramolecular protein tubes in the presence of several divalent metal ions. The molecular mechanism for this metal-induced self-assembly of the E. coli GS has been studied by molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis. The ... |
7999750 | Supramolecular self-assembly of Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase: characterization of dodecamer stacking and high order association. | Dodecameric glutamine synthetase (GS) from bacteria is formed from two face-to-face hexameric rings of identical subunits. These highly symmetrical aggregates from some bacteria, including Escherichia coli, "stack" in the presence of Zn2+ and other divalent ions to generate protein tubes (phase I) and subsequently asso... |
7998994 | Characterization of the single Ca(2+)-binding site on the Ca(2+)-ATPase reconstituted with short- or long-chain phosphatidylcholines. | On reconstitution of the Ca(2+)-ATPase of skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum into bilayers of dimyristoleoylphosphatidylcholine [di(C14:1)PC] or dinervonylphosphatidylcholine [di(C24:1)PC] the stoichiometry of Ca2+ binding changes from the usual two Ca2+ ions bound per ATPase molecule to one Ca2+ ion bound per ATPa... |
7998973 | Analysis of the rat lactate dehydrogenase A subunit gene promoter/regulatory region. | The rat lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) A subunit gene promoter contains a putative AP-1 binding site at -295/-289 bp, two consensus Sp1 binding sites at -141/-136 bp and -103/-98 bp, and a single copy of a consensus cyclic AMP-responsive element (CRE) at -48 to -41 bp upstream of the transcription initiation site. Additio... |
7996599 | The postischemic gut serves as a priming bed for circulating neutrophils that provoke multiple organ failure. | Our trauma research center program entitled, "Trauma Primes Cells" is based on the fundamental hypothesis that prior exposure to multiple, sequential, sublethal cellular insults primes constructive or destructive pathways of cellular responses of subsequent injury. A major objective is to design therapy that will reduc... |
7993896 | Self-association and DNA binding of lambda cI repressor N-terminal domains reveal linkage between sequence-specific binding and the C-terminal cooperativity domain. | The effects of temperature, protons, and KCl on self-assembly and site-specific binding of lambda cI N-terminal domains with operator sites OR were studied to assess the roles of these domains in DNA binding and cooperativity of the natural system. Domain self-assembly was studied using sedimentation equilibrium while ... |
7992050 | How a protein binds B12: A 3.0 A X-ray structure of B12-binding domains of methionine synthase. | The crystal structure of a 27-kilodalton methylcobalamin-containing fragment of methionine synthase from Escherichia coli was determined at 3.0 A resolution. This structure depicts cobalamin-protein interactions and reveals that the corrin macrocycle lies between a helical amino-terminal domain and an alpha/beta carbox... |
7991543 | Solution scattering from 50S ribosomal subunit resolves inconsistency between electron microscopic models. | Models of the 50S ribosomal subunit from electron microscopy on isolated particles and on ordered sheets display significantly different features. A model of the shape of the native Escherichia coli 50S subunit in solution and of its RNA-rich core at 4-nm resolution has been produced by using methods for joint interpre... |
7989369 | Further characterization of the NH2-terminal fibrin-binding site on fibronectin. | The fibronectin (Fn) monomer contains two major sites of fibrin binding affinity present within the NH2-terminal and COOH-terminal domains; they consist of five (1F1-5F1) and three (10F1-12F1) consecutive type 1 modules, respectively. Recently, we have reported that the fourth and fifth type 1 module pair (4F1.5F1) of ... |
7988556 | Identification of Src, Fyn, Lyn, PI3K and Abl SH3 domain ligands using phage display libraries. | Many proteins involved in intracellular signal transduction contain a small, 50-60 amino acid domain, termed the Src homology 3 (SH3) domain. This domain appears to mediate critical protein-protein interactions that are involved in responses to extracellular signals. Previous studies have shown that the SH3 domains fro... |
7981064 | The potential for enhanced tumour localisation by poly(ethylene glycol) modification of anti-CEA antibody. | Attachment of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) to proteins can greatly alter their pharmacological properties, including extending the plasma half-life and reducing immunogenicity, both of which are potentially beneficial to tumour targeting. IgG, F(ab')2 and Fab' fragments of the anti-CEA antibody A5B7 were chemically modi... |
7969177 | A factor that regulates the class II major histocompatibility complex gene DPA is a member of a subfamily of zinc finger proteins that includes a Drosophila developmental control protein. | A novel DNA sequence element termed the J element involved in the regulated expression of class II major histocompatibility complex genes was recently described. To study this element and its role in class II gene regulation further, a cDNA library was screened with oligonucleotide probes containing both the S element ... |
7969145 | A novel role for DNA photolyase: binding to DNA damaged by drugs is associated with enhanced cytotoxicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. | DNA photolyase binds to and repairs cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers induced by UV radiation. Here we demonstrate that in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, photolyase also binds to DNA damaged by the anticancer drugs cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (cis-DDP) and nitrogen mustard (HN2) and by the alkylating agent N-methyl-N... |
7969132 | Multicopy tRNA genes functionally suppress mutations in yeast eIF-2 alpha kinase GCN2: evidence for separate pathways coupling GCN4 expression to unchanged tRNA. | GCN2 is a protein kinase that stimulates translation of GCN4 mRNA in amino acid-starved cells by phosphorylating the alpha subunit of translation initiation factor 2 (eIL-2). We isolated multicopy plasmids that overcome the defective derepression of GCN4 and its target genes caused by the leaky mutation gcn2-507. One c... |
7525988 | Exploration of antigenic variation in gp120 from clades A through F of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by using monoclonal antibodies. | The reactivities of a panel of 14 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) with monomeric gp120 derived from 67 isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 of clades A through F were assessed by using an antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The MAbs used were all raised against gp120 or gp120 peptides from clade ... |
7966620 | Syncytial mutations in the herpes simplex virus type 1 gK (UL53) gene occur in two distinct domains. | Syncytial (syn) mutants of herpes simplex virus cause cell fusion. Many syn mutations map to the syn1 locus, which has been identified with the gK (UL53) gene. In this work, the gK genes of eight syn mutants derived from the KOS strain were sequenced to identify residues and, possibly, domains important for the fusion ... |
7966611 | Distribution of drug resistance mutations in type 3 poliovirus identifies three regions involved in uncoating functions. | We have previously described the use of an uncoating inhibitor, WIN 51711, to select drug-resistant mutants of the Sabin strain of poliovirus type 3. Two-thirds of the mutants proved to be dependent on the drug for plaque formation because of extreme thermolability (A. G. Mosser and R. R. Rueckert, J. Virol. 67:1246-12... |
7966565 | Identification and expression of a murine cytomegalovirus early gene coding for an Fc receptor. | Several herpesviruses, including cytomegalovirus, induce receptors for the Fc domain of murine immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecules. Viral genes coding for these receptors have been characterized only for alphaherpesviruses. In this report, we describe a new approach that led to the identification of an Fc receptor (FcR) o... |
7966563 | Mutational analysis of the capsid protein of Leishmania RNA virus LRV1-4. | The virion of Leishmania RNA virus is predicted to be composed of a 742-amino-acid major capsid protein and a small percentage of capsid-polymerase fusion molecules. Recently, the capsid protein alone was expressed and shown to spontaneously assemble into viruslike particles. Since the major structural protein of the v... |
7961513 | Regulation of lysyl-tRNA synthetase expression by histone-like protein H-NS of Escherichia coli. | The lysU gene encoding lysyl-tRNA synthetase of Escherichia coli is normally silent at low temperatures and is expressed by certain metabolites and stimuli. A novel class of lysU-constitutive mutations were isolated by random insertion mutagenesis. These mutations nullified the hns gene encoding a histone-like protein,... |
7961505 | Mutation analysis of the cellulose-binding domain of the Clostridium cellulovorans cellulose-binding protein A. | Cellulose-binding protein A (CbpA) has been previously shown to mediate the interaction between crystalline cellulose substrates and the cellulase enzyme complex of Clostridium cellulovorans. CbpA contains a family III cellulose-binding domain (CBD) which, when expressed independently, binds specifically to crystalline... |
7961492 | Overproduction of a dextranase inhibitor by Streptococcus sobrinus mutants. | An inhibitor of Streptococcus sobrinus endodextranase was detected in the extracellular fractions of UAB66 mutants identified following ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis as either devoid of dextranase activity (Dex-) or overproducing water-soluble glucan. The two groups of mutants had the same phenotype and displayed ... |
7961489 | Comparative studies of S-layer proteins from Bacillus stearothermophilus strains expressed during growth in continuous culture under oxygen-limited and non-oxygen-limited conditions. | The specific properties of S-layer proteins from three different Bacillus stearothermophilus strains revealing oblique, square, or hexagonal lattice symmetry were preserved during growth in continuous culture on complex medium only under oxygen-limited conditions in which glucose was used as the sole carbon source. Whe... |
7525491 | Critical residues of the Mycobacterium leprae LSR recombinant protein discriminate clinical activity in erythema nodosum leprosum reactions. | We reported earlier (S. Singh, N. P. Shanker Narayan, P. J. Jenner, G. Ramu, M. J. Colston, H. K. Prasad, and I. Nath, Infect. Immun. 62:86-90, 1994) that polyclonal antibodies directed against selective sequences in the Mycobacterium leprae recombinant protein designated LSR were present in lepromatous leprosy patient... |
7954464 | Improved tumor targeting with chemically cross-linked recombinant antibody fragments. | The construction and use of recombinant chimeric and later fully humanized (CDR-grafted) antibodies to tumor-associated antigens has reduced the immune response generated to these antibodies in clinical studies. However, their long circulating half-life is a disadvantage for tumor imaging and therapy. Fragments such as... |
7952651 | Structure of the azurocidin, proteinase 3, and neutrophil elastase genes. Implications for inflammation and vasculitis. | The granule-associated elastase homologues neutrophil elastase (NE), proteinase 3 (PR3), and azurocidin (AZU) are involved in immune defense reactions of neutrophils and monocytes. Proteinase 3 and NE contribute to the destruction and elimination of microorganisms, cleave elastin and other proteins of connective tissue... |
24233597 | Coumarinic fluorescent chemosensors for the detection of transition metal ions. | Fluoroionophores consisting of coumarin-153 linked to mono- and diaza-crown ethers are able to complex transition metal cations (Ni(2+), Zn(2+), Cd(2+)) and Pb(2+), with concomitant large changes in photophysical properties. The stability constants in acetonitrile are higher than 3×10(6) M (-1) except for Ni(2+). |
24233596 | A new concept of photogeneration of cations: Evidence for photoejection of Ca(2+) and Li (+) from complexes with a crown-ether-linked merocyanine by picosecond spectroscopy. | Time-resolved transient absorption and gain spectra of DCM-crown and its complexes with Li(+) and Ca(2+) in acetonitrile are measured in the wavelength range 370-670 nm after subpicosecond excitation at 425 nm. The results give evidence for the fast formation of free DCM-crown from both excited complexes, with a faster... |
24226514 | Dissociation characteristics of [M + X](+) ions (X = H, Li, Na, K) from linear and cyclic polyglycols. | The unimolecular reactions of protonated and metalated polyglycols with kiloelectronvolt translational energies have been studied by collisionally activated dissociation and neutralization-reionization mass spectrometry. The former method provides information on the ionic dissociation products, whereas the latter allow... |
24226513 | Tandem mass spectrometry of poly(ethylene glycol) lithium-attachment ions. | A study of the fast-atom bombardment tandem mass spectrometry behavior of a number of ethylene glycol polymers (PEGs) has been carried out. Both linear (hydroxyl, amino, and/or alkyl end groups) and cyclic (crown ether) polymers were studied. One of the materials is a block copolymer of ethylene and propylene oxides. C... |
20882116 | Aromatic Nonpolar Nucleosides as Hydrophobic Isosteres of Pyrimidine and Purine Nucleosides. | Described are the design, synthesis, and structures of three nonpolar nucleoside isosteres to be used as probes of noncovalent bonding in DNA and as isosteric replacements for the natural nucleosides in designed nucleic acid structures. Reaction of substituted aryl Grignards with 3',5'-bis-O-toluoyl-α-deoxyibofuranosyl... |
17020842 | Protein interactions and dynamics probed by quantum chemistry, computer simulations and neutron experiments. | We review some recent experiments and calculations on aspects of the structure and dynamics of proteins and related systems. The use of quantum chemical techniques to determine geometries and energies of supramolecular complexes of biological interest is illustrated, and the concomitant development of empirical energy ... |
16349462 | Coexistence among Epiphytic Bacterial Populations Mediated through Nutritional Resource Partitioning. | The levels of coexistence between Pseudomonas syringae and various nonpathogenic epiphytic species in the phyllosphere of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) were assessed by using replacement series. The epiphytic species Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pantoea agglomerans, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Methylobacterium organophi... |
9132286 | Familial cutaneous vasculopathy of German shepherds: clinical, genetic and preliminary pathological and immunological studies. | A genodermatosis affecting the German shepherd breed has been recognized in 26 dogs in Ontario since 1991. Clinical signs, first noted in young puppies,are manifested as pyrexia and lethargy. The main cutaneous lesions are footpad swelling and depigmentation,but there is also crusting and ulceration of ear tips and tai... |
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