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8023679 | Non-selective reinnervation by regenerating facial motoneurons after peripheral nerve crush in the developing rat. | To study the regeneration process after the facial nerve crush in the neonatal period, the location of cranial motoneurons supplying the posterior belly of the digastric muscle (PDG) and the vibrissae follicular muscles was examined using retrograde tracing methods in the rat with facial nerves that had been surgically... |
8011588 | Nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation studies of poly(hydroxybutyrate) in whole cells and in artificial granules. | The physical state of poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) in whole cells and in the form of artificial biomimetic granules has been probed using 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Studies on varying concentrations of whole cells of Alcaligenes eutrophus show that changes in the line widths of PHB in whole cells... |
8003972 | A structural role for arginine in proteins: multiple hydrogen bonds to backbone carbonyl oxygens. | We propose that arginine side chains often play a previously unappreciated general structural role in the maintenance of tertiary structure in proteins, wherein the positively charged guanidinium group forms multiple hydrogen bonds to backbone carbonyl oxygens. Using as a criterion for a "structural" arginine one that ... |
7802865 | Sensitive enantiomeric separation of aliphatic and aromatic amines using aromatic anhydrides as nonchiral derivatizing agents. | New pre-column derivatizing reagents: phthalic anhydride, 3-nitrophthalic anhydride, diphenic anhydride, 1,8-naphthalic anhydride and diphenylmaleic anhydride have been developed for resolving chiral compounds having amine groups. Although all of these agents produce derivatives with high molar absorptivities, the late... |
8205230 | Chromatographic studies of the enantiomeric composition of some therapeutic compositions applied in the treatment of liver and kidney diseases. | A gas-liquid chromatographic system with alpha-cyclodextrin in formamide medium (coated on Chromosorb) was used for the separation of enantiomers of alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, limonene and camphene in medicines applied in the therapy of liver and kidney diseases. The drugs under investigation were produced in Poland (T... |
7764858 | Galactosylation of cyclodextrins and branched cyclodextrins by alpha-galactosidases. | Transgalactosylated derivatives of cyclodextrins (CDs) and glucosyl and maltosyl CDs (G1- and G2-CDs) were synthesized by alpha-galactosidases from coffee bean and Mortierella vinacea (M. vinacea). The structures of the transfer products were analyzed by FAB-mass, 13C-NMR and methylation. Coffee bean alpha-galactosidas... |
8200503 | Self-assembly of human papillomavirus type 16 capsids by expression of the L1 protein in insect cells. | The L1 major protein of human papillomavirus type 16 was expressed in Sf-21 insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus vector. Virus-like particles similar in appearance to empty virions were identified by electron microscopy at densities of 1.29-1.30. Purified particles reacted with monoclonal anti-HPV-16-L1 antibody... |
8190621 | Mutations to nonsense codons in human genetic disease: implications for gene therapy by nonsense suppressor tRNAs. | Nonsense suppressor tRNAs have been suggested as potential agents for human somatic gene therapy. Recent work from this laboratory has described significant effects of 3' codon context on the efficiency of human nonsense suppressors. A rapid increase in the number of reports of human diseases caused by nonsense codons,... |
8187100 | Involvement of the glucose moiety in the molecular recognition of methyl beta-lactoside by ricin: synthesis, conformational analysis, and binding studies of different derivatives at the C-3 region. | Syntheses of the 3-aminodeoxy (4), 3-deoxy-3-methyl (5), and 3-epi (6) derivatives of methyl beta-lactoside (1) have been achieved from 1 in a straightforward way, and their solution conformations in water and dimethyl sulfoxide analysed through molecular mechanics and dynamics calculations and nuclear magnetic resonan... |
8178990 | Endocrine interactions: adrenal steroids and precursors. | Adult male rats (n = 48) were castrated and treated daily for 4 wk with adrenal steroids in the presence or absence of adjuvant testosterone. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA sulfate, and androstenedione (2 mg/kg body wt) were administered as cyclodextrin complexes to mimic the pharmacodynamics of the endogenous pro... |
7909937 | [Functional study of the regeneration of nerve fibers after keratinocyte transplantation]. | The functional regeneration of sensory nerves was investigated in 5 patients with skin defects (caused by leg ulcers, a burn or fasciitis necrotisans) after transplantation with a keratinocyte suspension. In this area, first the pain sense and soon after wards the cold and heat sense returned, followed finally by the f... |
7909802 | Chaperone-assisted self-assembly of pili independent of cellular energy. | Assembly of P pili on the surface of pyelonephritic Escherichia coli proceeds from periplasmic chaperone-subunit complexes. The outer membrane protein PapC, which has been termed a molecular usher, is thought to be the site of assembly, where the chaperone dissociates from the subunits as they are incorporated into the... |
8172621 | Determination of the secondary structure of selected melittin analogues with different haemolytic activities. | In earlier studies, we have reported that minor modifications in the amino acid sequence of melittin result in dramatic changes in its biological activity. In the current study, we have investigated the secondary structure of melittin analogues with either increased or decreased haemolytic activity in order to further ... |
8172611 | Extraction and characterization of the tissue forms of collagen types II and IX from bovine vitreous. | We report for the first time that, after centrifugation of adult bovine vitreous, the hyaluronan-rich supernatant contains collagens which can be isolated in their intact forms by precipitation with 4.5 M NaCl. This precipitate constituted approx. 4% of the total vitreous collagen and comprised collagen types IX and II... |
8171021 | A permutational approach toward protein-DNA recognition. | The cI repressor of bacteriophage 434, known as 434 repressor, binds to 14-bp operator sequences by means of a helix-turn-helix motif. To probe the requirements for selective DNA recognition by this class of DNA binding proteins, as well as to generate new proteins with altered specificities, a library of approximately... |
8170992 | In vitro evolution of a neutralizing human antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 to enhance affinity and broaden strain cross-reactivity. | A method is described that allows for the improvement of antibody affinity. This method, termed complementary-determining region (CDR) walking, does not require structural information on either antibody or antigen. Complementary-determining regions are targeted for random mutagenesis followed by selection for fitness, ... |
8170987 | Primary structure and functional expression of a guinea pig kappa opioid (dynorphin) receptor. | A full-length cDNA encoding the guinea pig kappa opioid (dynorphin) receptor has been isolated. The deduced protein contains 380 aa and seven hydrophobic alpha-helices characteristic of the G protein-coupled receptors. This receptor is 90% identical to the mouse and rat kappa receptors, with the greatest level of diver... |
8168478 | Nebulin, a helical actin binding protein. | Nebulin, a giant protein (molecular mass 800 kDa) specific for the skeletal muscle of vertebrates, has been suggested to be involved in the length regulation of the thin filament as a 'molecular ruler'. Despite its size, nebulin appears to be composed mainly of small repeats of approximately 35 amino acids. We have cha... |
8168477 | Sequence, assembly and evolution of a primordial ferredoxin from Thermotoga maritima. | A gene coding for the ferredoxin of the primordial, strictly anaerobic and hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima was cloned, sequenced and expressed in Escherichia coli. The ferredoxin gene encodes a polypeptide of 60 amino acids that incorporates a single 4Fe-4S cluster. T. maritima ferredoxin expressed in E... |
8166652 | Experimental approach to the kinetic study of unstable site-directed irreversible inhibitors: kinetic origin of the apparent positive co-operativity arising from inactivation of trypsin by p-amidinophenylmethanesulphonyl fluoride. | Experimental characterization of enzyme inactivation by unstable irreversible inhibitors has only previously been carried out by using discontinuous methods involving preincubation, removal of samples and further residual activity assays. A continuous method for the kinetic study of these inhibitors in the presence of ... |
8166634 | Synthetic, structural and biological studies of the ubiquitin system: chemically synthesized and native ubiquitin fold into identical three-dimensional structures. | The solid-phase chemical synthesis of ubiquitin produced a molecule with physicochemical properties similar to those of the natural protein. We have grown crystals of this synthetic ubiquitin and performed an X-ray analysis at 1.8 A resolution in order to compare the synthetic protein with the known natural structure. ... |
8166633 | Synthetic, structural and biological studies of the ubiquitin system: the total chemical synthesis of ubiquitin. | The small protein ubiquitin (76 amino acids) has been synthesized under optimized conditions by Merrifield solid-phase methodology using the N alpha-Fmoc protecting group. The crude polypeptide mixture was purified to homogeneity by gel filtration, dialysis and a combination of cation- and anion-exchange chromatography... |
8165137 | Structure and regulation of the chicken erythroid delta-aminolevulinate synthase gene. | Erythroid cells regulate heme biosynthesis in a manner that is distinct from all other cell types. While heme negatively regulates the synthesis of the housekeeping delta-aminolevulinate synthase (ALAS-N) in all non-erythroid cells, the expression of an erythroid-specific isozyme (ALAS-E) is developmentally regulated i... |
8163551 | Dynamic properties of ankyrin in T lymphocytes: colocalization with spectrin and protein kinase C beta. | Ankyrin is a well characterized membrane skeletal protein which has been implicated in the anchorage of specific integral membrane proteins to the spectrin-based membrane skeleton in a number of systems. In this study, the organization of ankyrin was examined in lymphocytes in relation to T cell function. Light and ele... |
8161536 | Refined 1.89-A structure of the histidine-binding protein complexed with histidine and its relationship with many other active transport/chemosensory proteins. | The structure of the histidine-binding protein (HBP, M(r) = 26,100), involved solely in active transport, has been determined by the molecular replacement technique and refined to 1.89-A resolution and to an R-factor of 0.199. The structure is that of two protein molecules, each with a bound L-histidine, in the asymmet... |
8157695 | Self-assembly of collagen I from a proband homozygous for a mutation that substituted serine for glycine at position 661 in the alpha 2(I) chain. Possible relationship between the effects of mutations on critical concentration and the severity of the phenotype. | Procollagen I was isolated from cultured skin fibroblasts from a proband who was homozygous for a mutation in the COL1A2 gene that substituted a serine codon for a glycine codon at position 661 of the alpha 2(I) chain. The procollagen I was cleaved to pCcollagen I by procollagen N-proteinase and the pCcollagen I was us... |
8157691 | Self-assembly into fibrils of collagen II by enzymic cleavage of recombinant procollagen II. Lag period, critical concentration, and morphology of fibrils differ from collagen I. | A recently developed recombinant system for synthesis of human procollagen II by stably transfected host cells was used to prepare adequate amounts of protein to study the self-assembly of collagen II into fibrils. The procollagen II was cleaved to pCcollagen II by procollagen N-proteinase (EC 3.4.24.14), the pCcollage... |
7908904 | Alanine-scanning mutagenesis reveals residues involved in binding of pap-3-encoded pili. | In order to identify functionally important residues in the pap-3-encoded adhesin, oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis was used to substitute alanine(s) at sixteen positions in the adhesion. These alanine substitutions span nearly every domain and hydrophilic peak of the protein. The effects of these substitutions wer... |
8157590 | Cloning and characterization of the socA locus which restores development to Myxococcus xanthus C-signaling mutants. | The csgA gene produces an intercellular signal during fruiting body formation of the myxobacterium Myxococcus xanthus. Sporulating pseudorevertants were isolated to allow us to understand the mechanism by which CsgA is perceived by cells and used to regulate developmental gene expression. Two strains, LS559 and LS560, ... |
8156992 | Conjugative transposition: Tn916 integrase contains two independent DNA binding domains that recognize different DNA sequences. | Transposition of the conjugative transposon Tn916 requires the activity of a protein, called Int, which is related to members of the integrase family of site-specific recombinases. This family includes phage lambda integrase as well as the Cre, FLP and XerC/XerD recombinases. Different proteins, consisting of fragments... |
8156990 | Specific binding of HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein to PSI RNA in vitro requires N-terminal zinc finger and flanking basic amino acid residues. | The nucleocapsid (NC) protein of human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 (NCp7) is responsible for packaging the viral RNA by recognizing a packaging site (PSI) on the viral RNA genome. NCp7 is a molecule of 55 amino acids containing two zinc fingers, with only the first one being highly conserved among retroviruses. The fi... |
8156989 | Model for a DNA-mediated synaptic complex suggested by crystal packing of gamma delta resolvase subunits. | The packing arrangement of the 12 subunits of intact gamma delta resolvase in the unit cell of a hexagonal crystal form suggests a model for site-specific recombination that involves a DNA-mediated synaptic intermediate. The crystal structure has been determined by molecular replacement and partially refined at 2.8/3.5... |
8145075 | Role of dietary propionic acid and bile acid excretion in the hypocholesterolemic effects of oligosaccharides in rats. | The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of dietary propionic acid and bile acid excretion on the hypocholesterolemic effect of fibers. For this purpose, rats were adapted to a diet containing 10 g inulin, 10 g beta-cyclodextrin, or 2.5 g calcium propionate per 100 g diet. Both the inulin and beta-cyclodextr... |
8144673 | An altered specificity mutation in the lambda repressor induces global reorganization of the protein-DNA interface. | The lambda repressor exhibits structural characteristics of lock and key complementary through the helix-turn-helix motif, and of induced fit by virtue of DNA-dependent folding of the N-terminal arm. In both cases, molecular recognition is mediated by direct contacts between amino acids and DNA bases. The extent to whi... |
8144450 | Analysis of the binding site of the LysR-type transcriptional activator TcbR on the tcbR and tcbC divergent promoter sequences. | The TcbR transcriptional activator protein, which is encoded by the tcbR gene of Pseudomonas sp. strain P51 (J. R. van der Meer, A. C. J. Frijters, J. H. J. Leveau, R. I. L. Eggen, A. J. B. Zehnder, and W. M. de Vos, J. Bacteriol. 173:3700-3708, 1991), was purified from overproducing Escherichia coli cells by using a t... |
8142393 | Cleavage of double-crossover molecules by T4 endonuclease VII. | DNA double-crossover molecules containing two Holliday junctions have been prepared and treated with endonuclease VII, the resolvase from bacteriophage T4. One molecule contains antiparallel double-helical domains, and the other molecule contains parallel domains. The parallel double-crossover model system has been mad... |
8142385 | Energetic characterization of the basic fibroblast growth factor-heparin interaction: identification of the heparin binding domain. | Fibroblast growth factors (FGF's) interact on cell surfaces with "low-affinity" heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) and "high-affinity" FGF receptors (FGFR) to initiate cell proliferation. Previous reports have implicated the binding of heparin, or heparan sulfate, to FGF as essential for FGF-mediated signal transduct... |
8139571 | In vitro mutagenesis of Caenorhabditis elegans cuticle collagens identifies a potential subtilisin-like protease cleavage site and demonstrates that carboxyl domain disulfide bonding is required for normal function but not assembly. | The importance of conserved amino acids in the amino and carboxyl non-Gly-X-Y domains of Caenorhabditis elegans cuticle collagens was examined by analyzing site-directed mutations of the sqt-1 and rol-6 collagen genes in transgenic animals. Altered collagen genes on transgenic arrays were shown to produce appropriate p... |
8139563 | Assembly of mitochondrial ribonucleoprotein complexes involves specific guide RNA (gRNA)-binding proteins and gRNA domains but does not require preedited mRNA. | RNA editing in kinetoplastids probably employs a macromolecular complex, the editosome, that is likely to include the guide RNAs (gRNAs) which specify the edited sequence. Specific ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes which form in vitro with gRNAs (H. U. Göringer, D. J. Koslowsky, T. H. Morales, and K. D. Stuart, Proc. N... |
8139556 | MCM1 point mutants deficient in expression of alpha-specific genes: residues important for interaction with alpha 1. | Complexes formed between MCM1 and several coregulatory proteins--alpha 1, alpha 2, and STE12--serve to govern transcription of the a- and alpha-specific gene sets in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The N-terminal third of MCM1, MCM1(1-98), which includes a segment homologous to mammalian serum response factor, is c... |
8139553 | The Aspergillus nidulans abaA gene encodes a transcriptional activator that acts as a genetic switch to control development. | The Aspergillus nidulans abaA gene encodes a protein containing an ATTS DNA-binding motif and is required for the terminal stages of conidiophore development. Results from gel mobility shift and protection, missing-contact, and interference footprint assays showed that AbaA binds to the sequence 5'-CATTCY-3', where Y i... |
8139036 | Differences in CD4 dependence for infectivity of laboratory-adapted and primary patient isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. | CD4 is known to be an important receptor for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of T lymphocytes and macrophages. However, the limiting steps in CD4-dependent HIV-1 infections in vivo and in vitro are poorly understood. To address this issue, we produced a panel of HeLa-CD4 cell clones that express w... |
8139035 | Identification of a membrane-binding domain within the amino-terminal region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag protein which interacts with acidic phospholipids. | Retroviral Gag proteins are targeted to the plasma membrane, where they play the central role in virion formation. Several studies have suggested that the membrane-binding signal is contained within the amino-terminal matrix sequence; however, the precise location has never been determined for the Gag protein of any re... |
7511171 | Characterization of domains of herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein E involved in Fc binding activity for immunoglobulin G aggregates. | Herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoproteins gE and gI form receptors for the Fc domain of immunoglobulin G (IgG) which are expressed on the surface of infected cells and on the virion envelope and which protect the virus from immune attack. Glycoprotein gE-1 is a low-affinity Fc receptor (FcR) that binds IgG aggregates, ... |
8139029 | Assembly of herpes simplex virus (HSV) intermediate capsids in insect cells infected with recombinant baculoviruses expressing HSV capsid proteins. | The capsid of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is composed of seven proteins, VP5, VP19C, VP21, VP22a, VP23, VP24, and VP26, which are the products of six HSV-1 genes. Recombinant baculoviruses were used to express the six capsid genes (UL18, UL19, UL26, UL26.5, UL35, and UL38) in insect cells. All constructs expres... |
8139010 | Functional role of the V1/V2 region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 in infection of primary macrophages and soluble CD4 neutralization. | We have examined the influence of the V1/V2 region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 on certain biologic properties of the virus. We observed that on the genomic background of the T-cell-line-tropic strain, HIV-1SF2mc, both the V1 and V2 domains of the macrophage-tropic strain, HIV-1SF162mc, in a... |
8139007 | Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev-responsive element RNA binds to host cell-specific proteins. | RNase protection-gel retention studies show human host cell-specific ribonucleoprotein complexes with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Rev-responsive element (RRE) RNA. Nuclear proteins from rodent or murine cells appear to lack the ability to form these complexes. Human-mouse somatic cell hybrids retaining a single... |
7511146 | Protection of transforming growth factor-beta 1 activity by heparin and fucoidan. | The transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) family of proteins exert diverse and potent effects on proliferation, differentiation, and extracellular matrix synthesis. However, relatively little is known about the stability or processing of endogenous TGF-beta activity in vitro or in vivo. Our previous work indicated... |
8132325 | Competition between rBPI23, a recombinant fragment of bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein for binding to LPS and gram-negative bacteria. | Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein (LBP) and bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) are two structurally related lipid A-binding proteins with divergent functional activities. LBP mediates activation of macrophage and other proinflammatory cells. In contrast, BPI has potent bactericidal and LPS-neutra... |
24222563 | Hydrogen-bonding interactions in gas-phase polyether/ammonium ion complexes. | Hydrogen bonds are among the most important interactions involved in selective complexation in host-guest chemistry. In this study a variety of hydrogen-bonded crown ether/ammonium ion complexes are generated in the gas phase by association reactions between an amine substrate and a polyether, one of which is initially... |
18965970 | Influence of organized media on the absorption and fluorescence spectra of Auramine-O dye. | The spectral characteristics of the aqueous solutions of Auramine O dye in the presence of organized media have been examined. The absorbance and fluorescence of the dye are significantly enhanced in cyclodextrins and surfactants. The dye forms a predominant 1:1 complex with beta-CD, whereas a 1:2 complex is formed wit... |
18965957 | Thermodynamic parameters for the molecular inclusion reaction of dulcin with beta-cyclodextrin. spectrofluorimetric determination of dulcin. | The inclusion of dulcin in alpha- and beta-cyclodextrin has been studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. To quantitatively describe complex formation between the beta-cyclodextrin and dulcin, an association constant of 290 M(-1) at 21 degrees was obtained. The thermodynamics associated with the complex formation between ... |
17749023 | Molecular Nanotube Aggregates of beta- and ggr-Cyclodextrins Linked by Diphenylhexatrienes. | Linked by strings of diphenylhexatriene (DPH) molecules, beta- and gamma-cyclodextrins (CDs) can form nanotube aggregates that contain as many as approximately 20 betaCDs (20 nanometers long) or approximately 20 to 35 gammaCDs (20 to 35 nanometers long). Nanotube formation was indicated in solution, by fluorescence ani... |
9234310 | Immunoassay: recent developments and future directions. | All analytical techniques employed in the biological sciences rely on recognition of the shape and structure of molecules of the substance of interest (the analyte). Such molecular recognition and sensing usually relies on the use other molecules possessing a complementary structure, implying a specific lock and key re... |
7796384 | Fusion between enveloped viruses and erythrocyte membranes is induced by the isoprenoid alkane pristane (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane). | Pristane (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane) is an isoprenoid alkane that induces plasma cell tumors in mice. Infection with certain retroviruses accelerates tumorigenesis but the nature of the cooperation between pristane and viruses is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential influence of pr... |
7986569 | The making of the minibody: an engineered beta-protein for the display of conformationally constrained peptides. | Conformationally constraining selectable peptides onto a suitable scaffold that enables their conformation to be predicted or readily determined by experimental techniques would considerably boost the drug discovery process by reducing the gap between the discovery of a peptide lead and the design of a peptidomimetic w... |
7986568 | Structural and physicochemical analysis of the reaction between the anti-lysozyme antibody D1.3 and the anti-idiotopic antibodies E225 and E5.2. | The reaction between the mouse (BALB/c) anti-idiotopic monoclonal antibodies E225 and E5.2 and idiotopes on the (BALB/c) anti-lysozyme monoclonal antibody D1.3 has been characterized by titration calorimetry, by equilibrium sedimentation and by the determination of binding association and dissociation rates. The reacti... |
7986567 | Analysis of the interaction between human interleukin-5 and the soluble domain of its receptor using a surface plasmon resonance biosensor. | A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor was used to study the interaction of human interleukin-5 (hIL5) with its receptor. IL5 is a major growth factor in the production and activation of eosinophils. The receptor for IL5 is composed of two subunits, alpha and beta. The alpha subunit provides the specificity for IL... |
7527234 | Binding of native and [homoserine lactone-52]-52,53-seco-bovine basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (Kunitz inhibitor) to porcine pancreatic beta-kallikrein-B and bovine alpha-chymotrypsin: thermodynamic study. | Values of the association equilibrium constant (Ka) for the binding of the native and of the cyanogen bromide-cleaved bovine basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (native BPTI and [Hse lactone-52]-52,53-seco-BPTI, respectively) to neuraminidase-treated porcine pancreatic beta-kallikrein-B (kallikrein) and bovine alpha-chy... |
7986566 | Selective oxidation of methionyl residues in the human recombinant secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor. Effect on the inhibitor binding properties. | Binding of the human recombinant secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor (SLPI) [native and with the methionyl residues at positions 73, 82, 94 and 96 of domain 2 oxidized to the sulfoxide derivative (Met(O) SLPI)] to bovine alpha-chymotrypsin (alpha-chymotrypsin) [native and with the Met192 residue converted to the s... |
7986565 | Effect of high pressure on EcoRI reactions. | The effect of pressure on reactions of restriction endonucleases was investigated. No obvious irreversible (after) effect was observed for EcoRI, while a considerable irreversible inactivation was found for BamHI. Thus the EcoRI reactions against lambda DNA, pBR322 and pBluescript were studied under high pressure and l... |
7527233 | Kinetic analysis of engineered antibody-antigen interactions. | Molecular engineering of antibodies has made it possible to produce specific domains of the antibody molecule and combine them with other protein domains to achieve new properties. Using site directed mutagenesis, amino acid residues can be exchanged within the binding site; and, by analysis of crystal structures, the ... |
8074991 | Co-expression of laminin and a 67 kDa laminin-binding protein in teratocarcinoma embryoid bodies. | The synthesis of laminin chains is usually correlated to specific functions of laminin during embryo development. In this study we show that the CE44 teratocarcinoma embryoid bodies synthesize B1 and B2 chains of laminin as well as a 67 kDa laminin-binding protein while simultaneously differentiating into parietal endo... |
8060728 | Self-assembly of a recombinant amelogenin protein generates supramolecular structures. | Amelogenin proteins are the principal constituents of the extracellular organic matrix associated with the nucleation and growth of the carbonated calcium hydroxyapatite (HAP)-containing mineral phase of dental enamel. Amelogenins are believed to function in controlling the sizes and organization of the developing enam... |
8043223 | Novel oral drug formulations. Their potential in modulating adverse effects. | The rationale for specialised oral formulations of drugs include prolongation of effect for increased patient convenience and reduction of adverse effects through lowered peak plasma concentrations. Local and systemic adverse effects due to high concentrations of drug can be minimised by the use of controlled release d... |
8043175 | Direct HPLC separation of enantiomers of main moguisteine metabolite: comparison of different stationary phases. | Moguisteine is a new non-narcotic antitussive agent. The molecule contains a chiral centre, which is maintained in the metabolite structure. The unchanged drug is not found in the plasma of treated animals or humans. The main moguisteine metabolite, M1, is the free racemic acid generated by hydrolysis of the ethyl-este... |
8038591 | Isolated perfusion of the limb with high-dose tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and melphalan for melanoma stage III. Results of a multi-centre pilot study. | We report an update of a multi-centre pilot study previously published. Fifty-three patients (42 women, 11 men) were accrued between October 1988 and May 1992: 34 had stage IIIA, 15 had stage IIIAB, and four had stage IV melanoma. Most of them had more than five in-transit metastases; 50% had been previously treated by... |
8033869 | Polychlorinated biphenyls as hormonally active structural analogues. | Among the environmental chemicals that may be able to disrupt the endocrine systems of animals and humans, the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a chemical class of considerable concern. One possible mechanism by which PCBs may interfere with endocrine function is their ability to mimic natural hormones. These actio... |
8032679 | cDNA cloning and functional characterization of a meiosis-specific protein (MNS1) with apparent nuclear association. | It is well known that cytoskeleton and karyoskeleton proteins are associated with changes in cell shape and with the rearrangement of the dynamic structures involved in cell division and motility. In higher vertebrates, there are three major skeletal protein groups: microfilaments, microtubules and intermediate filamen... |
8032678 | Synaptic patterns of rye B chromosomes. III. The deficient B. | Chromosomal pairing of a deficient B chromosome in rye has been studied by surface spreading of synaptonemal complexes in pollen mother cells from plants containing one deficient B (dB), one deficient B plus one standard B (dBstB) and one deficient B plus two standard Bs (dB2stB). Single dBs are often located periphera... |
8032677 | Possible origin of a B chromosome deduced from its DNA composition using double FISH technique. | Double fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with two DNA probes (a 180 bp tandemly repeated DNA and ribosomal DNA) was performed in embryo cells of the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans. Repetitive DNA was present in most standard chromosomes (excepting 7, 8 and 10) and in the proximal two-thirds of the B chromosom... |
8032675 | Intergenomic translocations and the genomic composition of Avena maroccana Gdgr. revealed by FISH. | Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using total genomic DNA from putative diploid progenitors was used to confirm the presence of the A and C genomes in Avena maroccana. These results confirm cytological data that intergenomic translocations are present in A. maroccana. |
8032674 | The relationship between synaptonemal complex length and genome size in four vertebrate classes (Osteicthyes, Reptilia, Aves, Mammalia). | We investigated the relationship between synaptonemal complex (SC) length and genome size in 18 species of vertebrates from the classes Osteicthyes (bony fish), Reptilia (reptiles), Aves (birds), and Mammalia (mammals). When total SC length was plotted against genome size for all 18 vertebrate species, there did not ap... |
8032673 | DNA methylation changes during mouse spermatogenesis. | Genomic imprinting in mammals is thought to be mediated by differences in the methylation level of cytosine residues in the genome. These differences in DNA methylation are thought to be generated during the development of the germ line. To characterize the profile of global methylation of the mouse genome during male ... |
8032672 | Synaptonemal complexes of chains and rings in mice heterozygous for multiple Robertsonian translocations. | Complex Robertsonian translocation heterozygosities in the mouse have been used to test different hypotheses regarding the correlation between male hybrid sterility and chromosomal abnormality. Synaptonemal complexes of meiotic super-chains and super-rings involving 15 to 18 metacentric chromosomes were studied in rela... |
8032671 | Compartmentalization of cellular and viral DNAs in adenovirus type 5 infection as revealed by ultrastructural in situ hybridization. | We describe the respective distributions of cellular DNA and viral genomes in adenovirus type 5 (Ad5)-infected HeLa cells by means of electron microscope in situ hybridization using biotinylated Alu DNA and Ad5 DNA probes in a post-embedding technique. When hybridization was performed on sections of formaldehyde-fixed ... |
8032670 | Making first contacts between the spindle and the chromosomes in HeLa cells. | To guarantee an ordered bipartition of the genetic material during mitosis, the chromosomes must be incorporated into the mitotic spindle. In HeLa cells, this process starts early in prophase when the nuclear envelope is still nearly complete, but only a few small holes in the double membranes offer access to the chrom... |
8027925 | Effect of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin on the antimicrobial action of preservatives. | The interaction between hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CyD) and several preservatives with different chemical structures was investigated in aqueous solution. Complex stability constants of the 1:1 complexes were calculated from differential spectra. Using the serial dilution test the antimicrobial activities... |
8027921 | Aluminium beta-cyclodextrin sulphate as a stabilizer and sustained-release carrier for basic fibroblast growth factor. | The water-insoluble aluminium salt of beta-cyclodextrin sulphate (Al.beta-CyD-Sul) was used as a stabilizer and sustained-release carrier for recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). An adsorbate of bFGF with Al.beta-CyD-Sul was prepared by incubating the protein with a suspension of Al.beta-CyD-Sul in ... |
8019638 | Metal ions catalytic for free radical reactions in the plasma of patients with fulminant hepatic failure. | We propose that the frequency and severity of multi-organ failure (MOF) in fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) involves free radical damage caused by the presence of circulating iron and copper ions, catalytic for free radical reactions. The presence of such metal ions is demonstrated by using the sensitive bleomycin and p... |
8019412 | Autonomous folding of the excised coenzyme-binding domain of D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase from Thermotoga maritima. | An important question in protein folding is whether compact substructures or domains are autonomous units of folding and assembly. The protomer of the tetrameric D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima has a complex coenzyme-binding domain, in which residues 1... |
8019408 | Autonomous subdomains in protein folding. | Proteolytic dissection of native trp repressor and horse heart cytochrome c has been used to infer some of the steps in the folding pathways of the intact proteins. For both proteins, small fragments are capable of undergoing spontaneous noncovalent association to form subdomains with native-like secondary and/or terti... |
8016220 | X-ray induced visible luminescence of porphyrins. | A concept has been presented whereby X-ray irradiation can be used to induce visible luminescence of chromophores such as porphyrins. The essential aspects of the idea have been demonstrated in a supramolecular assembly consisting of a water-dispersed polystyrene latex with an embedded scintillating compound, 2,5-diphe... |
8013055 | Interactions between beta-cyclodextrin and insoluble glyceride monomolecular films at the argon/water interface: application to lipase kinetics. | A study of the desorption rate of insoluble monomolecular films of oleic acid (OA), monoolein (MO), 1,2-diolein (1,2-DO), 1,3-diolein (1,3-DO) and triolein (TO) at the argon/water interface by water-soluble beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) is reported. The desorption of OA and MO involves probably the complexation of the si... |
8011920 | Stationary and nonstationary correlation-frequency analysis of heterodyne mode laser light scattering: magnitude and periodicity of canine tracheal ciliary beat frequency in vivo. | Stationary and nonstationary correlation-frequency analysis of heterodyne laser light scattering were utilized to make automated, on-line, objective measurements of tracheal ciliary beat frequency (CBF) in intact, anesthetized canines. The stationary correlation-frequency analysis laser light-scattering technique was u... |
8011907 | Electrochemical measurements of the lateral diffusion of electroactive amphiphiles in supported phospholipid monolayers. | Chronocoulometry was used to characterize the fluidity and lateral diffusion coefficient of supported phospholipid bilayer assemblies. The bilayers were formed on the inner surfaces of the microporous template films of aluminum oxide on gold electrodes. The lipid monolayers were formed by adsorption and fusion of phosp... |
8011905 | Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction studies of the thermotropic phase behavior of the diastereomeric di-tetradecyl-beta-D-galactosyl glycerols and their mixture. | We have investigated the thermotropic phase behavior of aqueous dispersions of the 1,2- and 2,3-di-O-tetradecyl-1(3)-O-(beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-sn- glycerols and their diastereomeric mixture using differential scanning calorimetry and low-angle and wide-angle x-ray diffraction. Upon heating, unannealed aqueous dispers... |
8011897 | Structural determinant for assembly of mammalian K+ channels. | K+ channel function is regulated through the assembly of channel subunit isoforms into either homo- or heterotetrameric structures each characterized by distinct pharmacologic and kinetic properties. In studying the molecular basis of subunit association in mammalian Shaker-like K+ channels, we constructed deletion mut... |
8011893 | A global model of the protein-solvent interface. | The solvent structure and dynamics around myoglobin is investigated at the microscopic level of detail by computer simulation. We analyze a molecular dynamics trajectory in terms of solvent mobility and probability distribution. Local events, occurring in the protein-solvent interfacial region, which are often masked b... |
8005753 | Synthesis and protease-catalyzed hydrolysis of a novel hydrazinopeptide. | In order to explore the potentiality of hydrazinopeptides as protease inhibitors, the resistance of the hydrazinopeptidic bond toward proteolysis was investigated. To this end, the novel hydrazinohexapeptide Z-Ala2-Pro-Val-hIle-Leu-OMe (1), where hIle represents hydrazinoisoleucine, was designed and synthesized togethe... |
8005419 | Variegated phenotype and developmental methylation changes of a maize allele originating from epimutation. | Two instances of genetic transmission of spontaneous epimutation of the maize P-rr gene were identified. Transmission gave rise to two similar, moderately stable alleles, designated P-pr-1 and P-pr-2, that exhibited Mendelian behavior. Both isolates of P-pr conditioned a variable and variegated phenotype, unlike the un... |
8004233 | Stereoselective determination of verapamil and norverapamil by capillary electrophoresis. | An analytical method has been developed to determine simultaneously the verapamil and norverapamil enantiomers in human plasma using capillary electrophoresis. Among the cyclodextrins tested as chiral selector, only trimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin was suitable to resolve the four enantiomers. The analysis was achieved in l... |
8207701 | In vitro evaluation of a controlled-release site-specific diisovaleryl tert-butalone chemical delivery system for the eye. | Cellulosic polymers such as cellulose acetate (CA), cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB), and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose phthalate (HPMCP) and hydrogels (hydroxyethyl/hydroxypropyl acrylate and hydroxypropyl methacrylate monomers) were used to sustain/control the release of diisovaleryl tert-butalone, a novel site-spec... |
8203845 | Pharmacokinetics of antiviral polyoxometalates in rats. | Polyoxometalates are soluble mineral compounds formed principally of oxide anions and early transition metal cations. The polyoxometalates K12H2[P2W12O48].24H2O (JM 1591), K10[P2W18Zn4(H2O)2O68].20H2O (JM 1596), and [(CH3)3NH]8[Si2W18Nb6O77] (JM 2820) demonstrate potent antiviral activity against human immunodeficiency... |
8200917 | Retention behavior of conjugated metabolites of vitamin D and related compounds in high-performance liquid chromatography. | The retention behavior of sulfates or glucuronides of provitamin D, vitamin D, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, together with its fluorescent derivatives, are examined with reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Inclusion chromatography using cyclodextrin as a mobile-phase additive is also used for this purpos... |
8195395 | Bisulfite or sulfite inhibits growth of Helicobacter pylori. | Bisulfite or sulfite was found to be inhibitory to Helicobacter pylori growth. A modified version of Brucella broth (BB), bisulfite-less BB (BLBB), supported rapid, robust, and consistent growth of H. pylori. We suggest that BLBB simply be called "Pylori broth" for distinction from Brucella broth. |
8195372 | Application of PCR to detect Norwalk virus in fecal specimens from outbreaks of gastroenteritis. | Norwalk virus (NV) and other small round-structured viruses (SRSVs) are frequent causes of gastroenteritis outbreaks. The recent cloning and sequencing of the NV genome has made it possible to detect NV and Norwalk-related viruses from fecal specimens by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. We applied this technique to the ... |
8194069 | Binding geometry, stoichiometry, and thermodynamics of cyclomalto-oligosaccharide (cyclodextrin) inclusion complex formation with chlorogenic acid, the major substrate of apple polyphenol oxidase. | The inclusion complexes of cyclomaltohexaose (alpha-CD), cyclomaltoheptaose (beta-CD), cyclomaltooctaose (gamma-CD), and polymerized beta-CD (beta-CDn) with chlorogenic acid (CA), the major substrate of apple fruit polyphenol oxidase (PPO), were studied with regard to pH, ionic strength, and temperature in model buffer... |
8189091 | Water soluble complexes of C14 and C16 fatty acids and alcohols in media for cultivation of leprosy-derived psychrophilic mycobacteria. | Host-grown Mycobacterium leprae cell suspensions oxidized water-soluble complexes of palmitic acid, myristic acid, cetyl alcohol, and myristyl alcohol prepared with randomly methylated-beta-cyclodextrin as host molecules. Gas chromatography analysis showed that the water-soluble complexes retained their chemical struct... |
8177888 | Structure-function relationships in the catalytic and starch binding domains of glucoamylase. | Sixteen primary sequences from five sub-families of fungal, yeast and bacterial glucoamylases were related to structural information from the model of the catalytic domain of Aspergillus awamori var. X100 glucoamylase obtained by protein crystallography. This domain is composed of thirteen alpha-helices, with five cons... |
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