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1219
The gene daf-16, which encodes forkhead Box O (FOXO), is required for all phenotypes associated with reduced insulin/insulin-like growth factor (Igf) signaling.
[ { "docid": "9393969", "title": "DAF-16/FOXO employs the chromatin remodeller SWI/SNF to promote stress resistance and longevity", "text": "Organisms are constantly challenged by stresses and privations and require adaptive responses for their survival. The forkhead box O (FOXO) transcription factor DAF-...
[ { "docid": "1576955", "title": "An insulin-like signaling pathway affects both longevity and reproduction in Caenorhabditis elegans.", "text": "Mutations in daf-2 and age-1 cause a dramatic increase in longevity as well as developmental arrest at the dauer diapause stage in Caenorhabditis elegans. daf-2...
1220
The generation of reactive oxygen species by activated oncogenes contributes to the increased genomic instability of leukaemia cells.
[ { "docid": "13023410", "title": "BCR/ABL oncogenic kinase promotes unfaithful repair of the reactive oxygen species-dependent DNA double-strand breaks.", "text": "The oncogenic BCR/ABL tyrosine kinase induces constitutive DNA damage in Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive leukemia cells. We find that B...
[ { "docid": "5765455", "title": "Reactive oxygen species, DNA damage, and error-prone repair: a model for genomic instability with progression in myeloid leukemia?", "text": "Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) comprise a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, with an in...
1223
The innate immune response struggles to remove small numbers of parasites.
[ { "docid": "5289038", "title": "Partitioning regulatory mechanisms of within-host malaria dynamics using the effective propagation number.", "text": "Immune clearance and resource limitation (via red blood cell depletion) shape the peaks and troughs of malaria parasitemia, which in turn affect disease s...
[ { "docid": "6144337", "title": "AgDscam, a Hypervariable Immunoglobulin Domain-Containing Receptor of the Anopheles gambiae Innate Immune System ", "text": "Activation of the insect innate immune system is dependent on a limited number of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) capable of interac...
1224
The latent infection of myeloid cells with human cytomegalovirus induces a number of changes in gene expression.
[ { "docid": "21932050", "title": "Microarrays for the study of viral gene expression during human cytomegalovirus latent infection.", "text": "Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is one of the largest known DNA viruses. It is ubiquitous, and following resolution of primary productive infection, it persists in t...
[ { "docid": "26873988", "title": "Viral interleukin-10 expressed by human cytomegalovirus during the latent phase of infection modulates latently infected myeloid cell differentiation.", "text": "The human cytomegalovirus UL111A gene is expressed during latent and productive infections, and it codes for ...
1227
The mean suicide rate in women is higher after miscarriage than live birth.
[ { "docid": "25641414", "title": "Suicides after pregnancy in Finland, 1987-94: register linkage study.", "text": "OBJECTIVE To determine rates of suicide associated with pregnancy by the type of pregnancy. \n DESIGN Register linkage study. Information on suicides in women of reproductive age was linke...
[ { "docid": "7662395", "title": "Perinatal mortality in rural China: retrospective cohort study.", "text": "OBJECTIVES To explore the use of local civil registration data to assess the perinatal mortality in a typical rural county in a less developed province in China, 1999-2000. \n DESIGN Retrospectiv...
1228
The mean suicide rate in women is lower after miscarriage than live birth.
[ { "docid": "25641414", "title": "Suicides after pregnancy in Finland, 1987-94: register linkage study.", "text": "OBJECTIVE To determine rates of suicide associated with pregnancy by the type of pregnancy. \n DESIGN Register linkage study. Information on suicides in women of reproductive age was linke...
[ { "docid": "7662395", "title": "Perinatal mortality in rural China: retrospective cohort study.", "text": "OBJECTIVES To explore the use of local civil registration data to assess the perinatal mortality in a typical rural county in a less developed province in China, 1999-2000. \n DESIGN Retrospectiv...
1229
The microtubule-dependent delivery and secretion of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) is partially responsible for the disassembly of adhesion sites.
[ { "docid": "1676568", "title": "CLASPs link focal adhesion-associated microtubule capture to localized exocytosis and adhesion site turnover", "text": "Turnover of integrin-based focal adhesions (FAs) with the extracellular matrix (ECM) is essential for coordinated cell movement. In collectively migrati...
[ { "docid": "20943272", "title": "ADAM13 disintegrin and cysteine-rich domains bind to the second heparin-binding domain of fibronectin.", "text": "ADAM13 is a member of the disintegrin and metalloprotease protein family that is expressed on cranial neural crest cells surface and is essential for their m...
1230
The minor G allele of FOXO3 downregulates pro-inflammatory cytokines.
[ { "docid": "13905670", "title": "Human SNP Links Differential Outcomes in Inflammatory and Infectious Disease to a FOXO3-Regulated Pathway", "text": "The clinical course and eventual outcome, or prognosis, of complex diseases varies enormously between affected individuals. This variability critically de...
[ { "docid": "6144969", "title": "Enterovirus-induced gene expression profile is critical for human pancreatic islet destruction", "text": "Virally induced inflammatory responses, beta cell destruction and release of beta cell autoantigens may lead to autoimmune reactions culminating in type 1 diabetes. T...
1231
The minor G allele of FOXO3 is related to less severe symptoms of Crohn's Disease.
[ { "docid": "13905670", "title": "Human SNP Links Differential Outcomes in Inflammatory and Infectious Disease to a FOXO3-Regulated Pathway", "text": "The clinical course and eventual outcome, or prognosis, of complex diseases varies enormously between affected individuals. This variability critically de...
[ { "docid": "24906548", "title": "Apolipoprotein E4 as a predictor of outcomes in pediatric mild traumatic brain injury.", "text": "The epsilon4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene has been linked to negative outcomes among adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) across the spectrum of severity, ...
1234
The minor G allele of FOXO3 up-regulates IL-10.
[ { "docid": "13905670", "title": "Human SNP Links Differential Outcomes in Inflammatory and Infectious Disease to a FOXO3-Regulated Pathway", "text": "The clinical course and eventual outcome, or prognosis, of complex diseases varies enormously between affected individuals. This variability critically de...
[ { "docid": "12443371", "title": "Apolipoprotein E genotype and concussion in college athletes.", "text": "OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphisms (E2, C/T Arg158Cys; E4, T/C Cys112Arg; and promoter, g-219t) and the history of concussion in college athletes. We...
1235
The morphology change from large white adipocytes to small brown adipocytes is a sign of decreased energy expenditure potential in white adipose tissue.
[ { "docid": "17973161", "title": "Human ‘brite / beige’ adipocytes develop from capillary networks and their implantation improves metabolic homeostasis in mice", "text": "Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is highly expressed in brown adipose tissue, where it generates heat by uncoupling electron transport fro...
[ { "docid": "14865329", "title": "Brown Fat and Browning for the Treatment of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders", "text": "Brown fat is a specialized fat depot that can increase energy expenditure and produce heat. After the recent discovery of the presence of active brown fat in human adults and n...
1236
The morphology change from large white adipocytes to small brown adipocytes is a sign of increased energy expenditure potential in white adipose tissue.
[ { "docid": "17973161", "title": "Human ‘brite / beige’ adipocytes develop from capillary networks and their implantation improves metabolic homeostasis in mice", "text": "Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is highly expressed in brown adipose tissue, where it generates heat by uncoupling electron transport fro...
[ { "docid": "14865329", "title": "Brown Fat and Browning for the Treatment of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders", "text": "Brown fat is a specialized fat depot that can increase energy expenditure and produce heat. After the recent discovery of the presence of active brown fat in human adults and n...
1237
The most prevalent adverse events to Semaglutide are cardiovascular.
[ { "docid": "3654468", "title": "Effect of Oral Semaglutide Compared With Placebo and Subcutaneous Semaglutide on Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "text": "Importance Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are effective therapies for the treatmen...
[ { "docid": "46277811", "title": "LPA Gene, Ethnicity, and Cardiovascular Events", "text": "Background: The relationship of LPA single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), apolipoprotein(a) isoforms, and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in different ethnic groups ...
1238
The most prevalent adverse events to Semaglutide are gastrointestinal.
[ { "docid": "3654468", "title": "Effect of Oral Semaglutide Compared With Placebo and Subcutaneous Semaglutide on Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial", "text": "Importance Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are effective therapies for the treatmen...
[ { "docid": "37628989", "title": "The safety of intravenous fluorescein for confocal laser endomicroscopy in the gastrointestinal tract.", "text": "BACKGROUND Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is rapidly emerging as a valuable tool for gastrointestinal endoscopic imaging. Fluorescent contrast agents ar...
1239
The myocardial cell lineage originally develops from cardiac progenitors of exclusively endodermal origin.
[ { "docid": "21387297", "title": "Production of de novo cardiomyocytes: human pluripotent stem cell differentiation and direct reprogramming.", "text": "Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death worldwide. The limited capability of heart tissue to regenerate has prompted methodological developme...
[ { "docid": "6148876", "title": "Islet1 derivatives in the heart are of both neural crest and second heart field origin.", "text": "RATIONALE Islet1 (Isl1) has been proposed as a marker of cardiac progenitor cells derived from the second heart field and is utilized to identify and purify cardiac progenit...
1244
The number of unfertilized oocytes in mated hermaphrodites increases with age.
[ { "docid": "18949516", "title": "TGF-β and Insulin Signaling Regulate Reproductive Aging via Oocyte and Germline Quality Maintenance", "text": "Reproductive cessation is perhaps the earliest aging phenotype that humans experience. Similarly, reproduction of Caenorhabditis elegans ceases in mid-adulthood...
[ { "docid": "36178047", "title": "Decrease of learning capacity in offspring with increasing paternal age in the rat.", "text": "The same 15 male Wistar rats at the ages of 2.5, 6, 10, 14, 18, and 22 months were successively randomly mated with 2.5-month-old females. In a separate experiment, 15 male Wis...
1246
The one-child policy has created a hospitable environment for female infants.
[ { "docid": "7662395", "title": "Perinatal mortality in rural China: retrospective cohort study.", "text": "OBJECTIVES To explore the use of local civil registration data to assess the perinatal mortality in a typical rural county in a less developed province in China, 1999-2000. \n DESIGN Retrospectiv...
[ { "docid": "70455704", "title": "Weight gain during pregnancy: reexamining the guidelines.", "text": "As women of childbearing age have become heavier, the trade-off between maternal and child health created by variation in gestational weight gain has become more difficult to reconcile. Weight Gain Duri...
1247
The origin of the CRF01_1b2k protein occurred between 1923 and 1956.
[ { "docid": "5114282", "title": "The Global Spread of Hepatitis C Virus 1a and 1b: A Phylodynamic and Phylogeographic Analysis", "text": "BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is estimated to affect 130-180 million people worldwide. Although its origin is unknown, patterns of viral diversity suggest that HC...
[ { "docid": "406733", "title": "Histones are incorporated in trans during reassembly of the yeast PHO5 promoter.", "text": "In yeast, remodeling of PHO5 promoter chromatin upon activation is accompanied by transient hyperacetylation and subsequent eviction of histones from the promoter in trans. In the c...
1248
The peak incidence of fractures occurs during pubertal growth spurt in early adolescents.
[ { "docid": "7209559", "title": "Incidence of childhood distal forearm fractures over 30 years: a population-based study.", "text": "CONTEXT The incidence of distal forearm fractures in children peaks around the time of the pubertal growth spurt, possibly because physical activity increases at the time o...
[ { "docid": "44572913", "title": "Calcium and peak bone mass.", "text": "On the basis of previous epidemiological, clinical and experimental studies, it was demonstrated that adequate calcium intake during growth may influence peak bone mass/density, and may be instrumental in preventing subsequent postm...
1249
The peak incidence of fractures occurs in toddlers.
[ { "docid": "7209559", "title": "Incidence of childhood distal forearm fractures over 30 years: a population-based study.", "text": "CONTEXT The incidence of distal forearm fractures in children peaks around the time of the pubertal growth spurt, possibly because physical activity increases at the time o...
[ { "docid": "3613041", "title": "Therapeutic equivalence of alendronate 70 mg once-weekly and alendronate 10 mg daily in the treatment of osteoporosis. Alendronate Once-Weekly Study Group.", "text": "Dosing convenience is a key element in the effective management of any chronic disease, and is particular...
1253
The predominant localization of Linc00173 is in mononuclear macrophage nuclei.
[ { "docid": "3321943", "title": "The non-coding RNA landscape of human hematopoiesis and leukemia", "text": "Non-coding RNAs have emerged as crucial regulators of gene expression and cell fate decisions. However, their expression patterns and regulatory functions during normal and malignant human hematop...
[ { "docid": "12827098", "title": "Tissue-resident macrophages self-maintain locally throughout adult life with minimal contribution from circulating monocytes.", "text": "Despite accumulating evidence suggesting local self-maintenance of tissue macrophages in the steady state, the dogma remains that tiss...
1254
The proliferative capacity of neural progenitors differs across species.
[ { "docid": "16939583", "title": "2D and 3D Stem Cell Models of Primate Cortical Development Identify Species-Specific Differences in Progenitor Behavior Contributing to Brain Size.", "text": "Variation in cerebral cortex size and complexity is thought to contribute to differences in cognitive ability be...
[ { "docid": "39465575", "title": "Direct reprogramming of fibroblasts into neural stem cells by defined factors.", "text": "Recent studies have shown that defined sets of transcription factors can directly reprogram differentiated somatic cells to a different differentiated cell type without passing thro...
1255
The proliferative capacity of progenitors is regulated cell-autonomously.
[ { "docid": "16939583", "title": "2D and 3D Stem Cell Models of Primate Cortical Development Identify Species-Specific Differences in Progenitor Behavior Contributing to Brain Size.", "text": "Variation in cerebral cortex size and complexity is thought to contribute to differences in cognitive ability be...
[ { "docid": "3495456", "title": "Developmental Analysis of Bone Marrow Neutrophils Reveals Populations Specialized in Expansion, Trafficking, and Effector Functions", "text": "Summary Neutrophils are specialized innate cells that require constant replenishment from proliferative bone marrow (BM) precurso...
1257
The proportion of people with visual difficulty is two times higher in low-income countries than in high-income countries.
[ { "docid": "581832", "title": "Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 315 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE), 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015", "text": "BACKGROUND Healthy life expectancy (HALE) and dis...
[ { "docid": "25451374", "title": "Cardiovascular risk and events in 17 low-, middle-, and high-income countries.", "text": "BACKGROUND More than 80% of deaths from cardiovascular disease are estimated to occur in low-income and middle-income countries, but the reasons are unknown. \n METHODS We enrolle...
1258
The recruitment of Wdr5 to its target loci depends on Kat8.
[ { "docid": "12040627", "title": "The histone acetyltransferase MOF is a key regulator of the embryonic stem cell core transcriptional network.", "text": "Pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) maintain self-renewal and the potential for rapid response to differentiation cues. Both ESC features are subj...
[ { "docid": "4407318", "title": "Replication stress activates DNA repair synthesis in mitosis", "text": "Oncogene-induced DNA replication stress has been implicated as a driver of tumorigenesis. Many chromosomal rearrangements characteristic of human cancers originate from specific regions of the genome ...
1260
The relationship between a breast cancer patient's capacity to metabolize tamoxifen and treatment outcome is independent of the patient's genetic make-up.
[ { "docid": "24341590", "title": "Association between CYP2D6 polymorphisms and outcomes among women with early stage breast cancer treated with tamoxifen.", "text": "CONTEXT The growth inhibitory effect of tamoxifen, which is used for the treatment of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, is mediated ...
[ { "docid": "13069283", "title": "Influence of CYP2D6 Polymorphisms on Serum Levels of Tamoxifen Metabolites in Spanish Women with Breast Cancer", "text": "BACKGROUND Estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer tumors depend on estrogen signaling for their growth and replication and can be treated by anti-e...
1261
The removal of reactive oxygen species by activated oncogenes contributes to the increased genomic instability of leukaemia cells.
[ { "docid": "13023410", "title": "BCR/ABL oncogenic kinase promotes unfaithful repair of the reactive oxygen species-dependent DNA double-strand breaks.", "text": "The oncogenic BCR/ABL tyrosine kinase induces constitutive DNA damage in Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive leukemia cells. We find that B...
[ { "docid": "5765455", "title": "Reactive oxygen species, DNA damage, and error-prone repair: a model for genomic instability with progression in myeloid leukemia?", "text": "Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) comprise a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, with an in...
1263
The repeat-variable diresidue (RVD) in the loop of Transcription-Activator Like (TAL) effectors specifies the nucleotides-amino acid contact at the target promoter element.
[ { "docid": "3981729", "title": "Structural basis for sequence-specific recognition of DNA by TAL effectors.", "text": "TAL (transcription activator-like) effectors, secreted by phytopathogenic bacteria, recognize host DNA sequences through a central domain of tandem repeats. Each repeat comprises 33 to ...
[ { "docid": "46816158", "title": "The crystal structure of TAL effector PthXo1 bound to its DNA target.", "text": "DNA recognition by TAL effectors is mediated by tandem repeats, each 33 to 35 residues in length, that specify nucleotides via unique repeat-variable diresidues (RVDs). The crystal structure...
1265
The risk of breast cancer among parous women decreases with placental weight of pregnancies.
[ { "docid": "37480103", "title": "Pregnancy characteristics and maternal risk of breast cancer.", "text": "CONTEXT During pregnancy, serum levels of estrogen, progesterone, and other hormones are markedly higher than during other periods of life. Pregnancy hormones primarily are produced in the placenta,...
[ { "docid": "13765757", "title": "Timing of menarche and first full-term birth in relation to breast cancer risk.", "text": "Ages at menarche and first birth are established risk factors for breast cancer. The interval between these ages may also affect risk, since the breast is more susceptible to carci...
1268
The risk of cancer rises with level of alcohol consumption.
[ { "docid": "52072815", "title": "Alcohol use and burden for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016", "text": "Summary Background Alcohol use is a leading risk factor for death and disability, but its overall association with health rem...
[ { "docid": "46437558", "title": "The role of alcohol in the Russian mortality crisis.", "text": "AIMS Alcohol is believed to be an important factor behind the sharp rise in mortality during the period 1990-94 in Russia. However, the rise in the standard alcohol consumption proxy does not seem to be suff...
1269
The risk of female prisoners harming themselves is ten times that of male prisoners.
[ { "docid": "13900610", "title": "Self-harm in prisons in England and Wales: an epidemiological study of prevalence, risk factors, clustering, and subsequent suicide", "text": "BACKGROUND Self-harm and suicide are common in prisoners, yet robust information on the full extent and characteristics of peopl...
[ { "docid": "14843502", "title": "Self-reported health status and access to health services in a sample of prisoners in Italy", "text": "BACKGROUND Self-reported health status in underserved population of prisoners has not been extensively explored. The purposes of this cross-sectional study were to asse...
1275
The tip of the inner tube of the toxic type VI secretion system (T6SS) antibacterial effector in Escherichia coli (E. coli) is decorated with VgrG and PAAR proteins.
[ { "docid": "27731651", "title": "A view to a kill: the bacterial type VI secretion system.", "text": "The bacterial type VI secretion system (T6SS) is an organelle that is structurally and mechanistically analogous to an intracellular membrane-attached contractile phage tail. Recent studies determined t...
[ { "docid": "4406819", "title": "PAAR-repeat proteins sharpen and diversify the Type VI secretion system spike", "text": "The bacterial type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a large multicomponent, dynamic macromolecular machine that has an important role in the ecology of many Gram-negative bacteria. T6SS ...
1276
The tissue surrounding the granuloma in an immune cell induces an anti-inflammatory immune response.
[ { "docid": "3475317", "title": "Inflammatory signaling in human Tuberculosis granulomas is spatially organized", "text": "Granulomas are the pathological hallmark of tuberculosis (TB). However, their function and mechanisms of formation remain poorly understood. To understand the role of granulomas in T...
[ { "docid": "34615397", "title": "Human tuberculous granulomas induce peripheral lymphoid follicle-like structures to orchestrate local host defence in the lung.", "text": "The human tuberculous granuloma provides the morphological basis for local immune processes central to the outcome of tuberculosis. ...
1284
Therapeutics receiving accelerated approval encounter a lower frequency of post-marketing safety events
[ { "docid": "3578380", "title": "Postmarket Safety Events Among Novel Therapeutics Approved by the US Food and Drug Administration Between 2001 and 2010", "text": "Importance Postmarket safety events of novel pharmaceuticals and biologics occur when new safety risks are identified after initial regulator...
[ { "docid": "13256155", "title": "Molecularly targeted therapy based on tumour molecular profiling versus conventional therapy for advanced cancer (SHIVA): a multicentre, open-label, proof-of-concept, randomised, controlled phase 2 trial.", "text": "BACKGROUND Molecularly targeted agents have been report...
1288
There is a positive correlation between hip fractures and statin use.
[ { "docid": "4687948", "title": "HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and the risk of hip fractures in elderly patients.", "text": "CONTEXT Recent animal studies have found that 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) lipid-lowering drugs (statins) substantially increase bone formation, but whether stati...
[ { "docid": "16812091", "title": "Clinical use of bone densitometry: scientific review.", "text": "CONTEXT Osteoporosis causes substantial morbidity and costs $13.8 billion annually in the United States. Measurement of bone mass by densitometry is a primary part of diagnosing osteoporosis and deciding a ...
1289
There is a relation between Erythromycin use and hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.
[ { "docid": "21239672", "title": "Use of macrolides in mother and child and risk of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: nationwide cohort study", "text": "OBJECTIVE To assess the association between use of macrolide antibiotics in mothers and infants from pregnancy onset until 120 days after birth a...
[ { "docid": "27550580", "title": "T1 mapping for myocardial extracellular volume measurement by CMR: bolus only versus primed infusion technique.", "text": "OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of the contrast \"bolus only\" T1 mapping cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) technique ...
1291
There is no association between HNF4A mutations and diabetes risks.
[ { "docid": "56893404", "title": "Macrosomia and Hyperinsulinaemic Hypoglycaemia in Patients with Heterozygous Mutations in the HNF4A Gene", "text": "Background Macrosomia is associated with considerable neonatal and maternal morbidity. Factors that predict macrosomia are poorly understood. The increase...
[ { "docid": "4886637", "title": "Diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and breast cancer: a review of the current evidence.", "text": "Incidences of breast cancer, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome have increased over the past decades with the obesity epidemic, especially in industrialized countries. Insul...
1293
There is no increased risk of hypospadias with clomiphene.
[ { "docid": "43329366", "title": "Use of clomifene during early pregnancy and risk of hypospadias: population based case-control study.", "text": "Clomifene is widely used for inducing ovulation.1 It is structurally related to diethylstilbestrol, which has been linked to vaginal and cervical clear cell a...
[ { "docid": "380526", "title": "Common variants in DGKK are strongly associated with risk of hypospadias", "text": "Hypospadias is a common congenital malformation of the male external genitalia. We performed a genome-wide association study using pooled DNA from 436 individuals with hypospadias (cases) a...
1294
There is no known interaction between Pioneer factor OCT3/4 and major chromatin remodeling factors.
[ { "docid": "2078658", "title": "Oct4 links multiple epigenetic pathways to the pluripotency network", "text": "Oct4 is a well-known transcription factor that plays fundamental roles in stem cell self-renewal, pluripotency, and somatic cell reprogramming. However, limited information is available on Oct4...
[ { "docid": "4896726", "title": "Pioneer factor Pax7 deploys a stable enhancer repertoire for specification of cell fate", "text": "Pioneer transcription factors establish new cell-fate competence by triggering chromatin remodeling. However, many features of pioneer action, such as their kinetics and sta...
1295
There is no relation between Erythromycin use and hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.
[ { "docid": "21239672", "title": "Use of macrolides in mother and child and risk of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: nationwide cohort study", "text": "OBJECTIVE To assess the association between use of macrolide antibiotics in mothers and infants from pregnancy onset until 120 days after birth a...
[ { "docid": "27550580", "title": "T1 mapping for myocardial extracellular volume measurement by CMR: bolus only versus primed infusion technique.", "text": "OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of the contrast \"bolus only\" T1 mapping cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) technique ...
1297
There was an estimated 30 million cases of pneumonia in young children worldwide in 2010.
[ { "docid": "9167230", "title": "Global and regional burden of hospital admissions for severe acute lower respiratory infections in young children in 2010: a systematic analysis", "text": "BACKGROUND The annual number of hospital admissions and in-hospital deaths due to severe acute lower respiratory inf...
[ { "docid": "20999249", "title": "Imported malaria in children: a national surveillance in the Netherlands and a review of European studies.", "text": "BACKGROUND Falciparum malaria or malaria tropica is one of the leading causes of childhood mortality worldwide. Malaria-related deaths occur mainly in su...
1300
Thiopurine active metabolites can be catabolized through dephosphorylation of thioguanine nucleotides.
[ { "docid": "6421792", "title": "Activating mutations in the NT5C2 nucleotidase gene drive chemotherapy resistance in relapsed ALL", "text": "Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is an aggressive hematological tumor resulting from the malignant transformation of lymphoid progenitors. Despite intensive chem...
[ { "docid": "1373287", "title": "Prognostic importance of 6-mercaptopurine dose intensity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.", "text": "6-Mercaptopurine (6MP) and methotrexate are the backbone of continuation therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In studies of oral 6MP and methotrexate,...
1302
Tirasemtiv has no effect on cardiac muscle.
[ { "docid": "12631697", "title": "Activation of fast skeletal muscle troponin as a potential therapeutic approach for treating neuromuscular diseases", "text": "Limited neural input results in muscle weakness in neuromuscular disease because of a reduction in the density of muscle innervation, the rate o...
[ { "docid": "37673301", "title": "Peptide and non-peptide G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) in skeletal muscle.", "text": "G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent a large class of cell surface receptors that mediate a multitude of functions. Over the years, a number of GPCRs and ancillary protein...
1304
Tirasemtiv targets cardiac muscle.
[ { "docid": "12631697", "title": "Activation of fast skeletal muscle troponin as a potential therapeutic approach for treating neuromuscular diseases", "text": "Limited neural input results in muscle weakness in neuromuscular disease because of a reduction in the density of muscle innervation, the rate o...
[ { "docid": "106301", "title": "Cardiac neural crest cells contribute to the dormant multipotent stem cell in the mammalian heart", "text": "Arodent cardiac side population cell fraction formed clonal spheroids in serum-free medium, which expressed nestin, Musashi-1, and multi-drug resistance transporter...
1305
Tirasemtiv targets fast-twitch muscle.
[ { "docid": "12631697", "title": "Activation of fast skeletal muscle troponin as a potential therapeutic approach for treating neuromuscular diseases", "text": "Limited neural input results in muscle weakness in neuromuscular disease because of a reduction in the density of muscle innervation, the rate o...
[ { "docid": "40631095", "title": "The Combination of Exercise and Respiratory Training Improves Respiratory Muscle Function in Pulmonary Hypertension", "text": "Increased dyspnea and reduced exercise capacity in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) can be partly attributed to impaired respiratory muscle...
1306
Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling is involved in the pathogenesis of human MDS.
[ { "docid": "6000423", "title": "The NLRP3 inflammasome functions as a driver of the myelodysplastic syndrome phenotype.", "text": "Despite genetic heterogeneity, myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) share features of cytological dysplasia and ineffective hematopoiesis. We report that a hallmark of MDSs is a...
[ { "docid": "3616843", "title": "Association of Toll-Like Receptor 4 on Human Monocyte Subsets and Vulnerability Characteristics of Coronary Plaque as Assessed by 64-Slice Multidetector Computed Tomography.", "text": "BACKGROUND Although Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) is involved in monocyte activation in ...
1307
Tonic signaling from the scFv induces constitutive stimulation.
[ { "docid": "18231807", "title": "4-1BB Costimulation Ameliorates T Cell Exhaustion Induced by Tonic Signaling of Chimeric Antigen Receptors", "text": "Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) targeting CD19 have mediated dramatic antitumor responses in hematologic malignancies, but tumor regression has rarely ...
[ { "docid": "34016944", "title": "Resistance to gefitinib in PTEN-null HER-overexpressing tumor cells can be overcome through restoration of PTEN function or pharmacologic modulation of constitutive phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase/Akt pathway signaling.", "text": "PURPOSE Tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitors a...
1308
Tonic signaling from the scFv is amplified by MyD88/CD40.
[ { "docid": "18231807", "title": "4-1BB Costimulation Ameliorates T Cell Exhaustion Induced by Tonic Signaling of Chimeric Antigen Receptors", "text": "Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) targeting CD19 have mediated dramatic antitumor responses in hematologic malignancies, but tumor regression has rarely ...
[ { "docid": "2734421", "title": "The tumor necrosis factor family receptors RANK and CD40 cooperatively establish the thymic medullary microenvironment and self-tolerance.", "text": "Medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) establish T cell self-tolerance through the expression of autoimmune regulator (...
1309
Tonic signaling from the scFv prevents constitutive stimulation.
[ { "docid": "18231807", "title": "4-1BB Costimulation Ameliorates T Cell Exhaustion Induced by Tonic Signaling of Chimeric Antigen Receptors", "text": "Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) targeting CD19 have mediated dramatic antitumor responses in hematologic malignancies, but tumor regression has rarely ...
[ { "docid": "13639330", "title": "Histone Methylation-Dependent Mechanisms Impose Ligand Dependency for Gene Activation by Nuclear Receptors", "text": "Nuclear receptors undergo ligand-dependent conformational changes that are required for corepressor-coactivator exchange, but whether there is an actual ...
1310
Traditional reviews are biased in their interpretations.
[ { "docid": "8042158", "title": "Systematic reviews from astronomy to zoology: myths and misconceptions.", "text": "Systematic literature reviews are widely used as an aid to evidence based decision making. For example, reviews of randomised controlled trials are regularly used to answer questions about ...
[ { "docid": "27138601", "title": "Free water elimination diffusion tractography: A comparison with conventional and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, diffusion tensor imaging acquisitions.", "text": "PURPOSE White matter tractography reconstructions using conventional diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) ne...
1311
Trans-acting factors, such as lncRNAs, influence mRNA translation.
[ { "docid": "13763195", "title": "LincRNA-p21 suppresses target mRNA translation.", "text": "Mammalian long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) are best known for modulating transcription. Here we report a posttranscriptional function for lincRNA-p21 as a modulator of translation. Association of the RNA...
[ { "docid": "26378103", "title": "The structure and expression of a novel gene activated in early mouse embryogenesis.", "text": "We report the cloning and sequence determination of the mouse H19 gene. This gene is under the genetic control of two trans-acting loci in the mouse, termed raf and Rif. These...
1312
Transcription factor EB induces transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages infected with Staphylococcus aureus.
[ { "docid": "24177706", "title": "Innate host defense requires TFEB-mediated transcription of cytoprotective and antimicrobial genes.", "text": "Animal host defense against infection requires the expression of defense genes at the right place and the right time. Understanding such tight control of host d...
[ { "docid": "45401535", "title": "Candida albicans-Staphylococcus aureus polymicrobial peritonitis modulates host innate immunity.", "text": "Despite advances in medical device fabrication and antimicrobial treatment therapies, fungal-bacterial polymicrobial peritonitis remains a serious complication for...
1314
Transcription rates in S. cerevisiae range between 0.7 and 2 kb/min.
[ { "docid": "13072112", "title": "Distinction and relationship between elongation rate and processivity of RNA polymerase II in vivo.", "text": "A number of proteins and drugs have been implicated in the process of transcriptional elongation by RNA polymerase (Pol) II, but the factors that govern the elo...
[ { "docid": "43566999", "title": "Exercise blood flow patterns within and among rat muscles after training.", "text": "This study was designed to determine the influence of a long-term, moderate-intensity treadmill training program on the distribution of blood flow within and among muscles of rats during...
1315
Transcription rates in S. cerevisiae range between 7 and 12 kb/min.
[ { "docid": "13072112", "title": "Distinction and relationship between elongation rate and processivity of RNA polymerase II in vivo.", "text": "A number of proteins and drugs have been implicated in the process of transcriptional elongation by RNA polymerase (Pol) II, but the factors that govern the elo...
[ { "docid": "29788648", "title": "NuA4 lysine acetyltransferase Esa1 is targeted to coding regions and stimulates transcription elongation with Gcn5.", "text": "NuA4, the major H4 lysine acetyltransferase (KAT) complex in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is recruited to promoters and stimulates transcription in...
1322
Transplanted human glial progenitor cells can mature in their host animal.
[ { "docid": "16284655", "title": "Forebrain engraftment by human glial progenitor cells enhances synaptic plasticity and learning in adult mice.", "text": "Human astrocytes are larger and more complex than those of infraprimate mammals, suggesting that their role in neural processing has expanded with ev...
[ { "docid": "14192687", "title": "Neurons derived from reprogrammed fibroblasts functionally integrate into the fetal brain and improve symptoms of rats with Parkinson's disease.", "text": "The long-term goal of nuclear transfer or alternative reprogramming approaches is to create patient-specific donor ...
1323
Treatment with a protein named FN impairs regenerative abilities of aged muscles.
[ { "docid": "19912367", "title": "Loss of fibronectin from the aged stem cell niche affects the regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle in mice", "text": "Age-related changes in the niche have long been postulated to impair the function of somatic stem cells. Here we demonstrate that the aged stem cell ...
[ { "docid": "20418809", "title": "Inducible depletion of satellite cells in adult, sedentary mice impairs muscle regenerative capacity without affecting sarcopenia", "text": "A key determinant of geriatric frailty is sarcopenia, the age-associated loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. Although the e...
1324
Treatment with a protein named FN restores regenerative abilities of aged muscles.
[ { "docid": "19912367", "title": "Loss of fibronectin from the aged stem cell niche affects the regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle in mice", "text": "Age-related changes in the niche have long been postulated to impair the function of somatic stem cells. Here we demonstrate that the aged stem cell ...
[ { "docid": "4326318", "title": "Rejuvenation of aged progenitor cells by exposure to a young systemic environment", "text": "The decline of tissue regenerative potential is a hallmark of ageing and may be due to age-related changes in tissue-specific stem cells. A decline in skeletal muscle stem cell (s...
1325
Treatment with the EC uptake inhibitor AM404 resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the expression of immobility.
[ { "docid": "40476126", "title": "Functional role of high-affinity anandamide transport, as revealed by selective inhibition.", "text": "Anandamide, an endogenous ligand for central cannabinoid receptors, is released from neurons on depolarization and rapidly inactivated. Anandamide inactivation is not c...
[ { "docid": "10207180", "title": "β-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1(BACE1) inhibitor treatment induces Aβ5-X peptides through alternative amyloid precursor protein cleavage", "text": "INTRODUCTION The β-secretase enzyme, β-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), cleaves...
1327
Tuberculosis incidence occurs at higher rates in more sparsely populated areas in the UK.
[ { "docid": "24241932", "title": "Ecological analysis of ethnic differences in relation between tuberculosis and poverty.", "text": "OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of ethnicity on the relation between tuberculosis and deprivation. \n DESIGN Retrospective ecological study comparing incidence of tubercu...
[ { "docid": "7111021", "title": "Integration of antiretroviral therapy with tuberculosis treatment.", "text": "BACKGROUND We previously reported that integrating antiretroviral therapy (ART) with tuberculosis treatment reduces mortality. However, the timing for the initiation of ART during tuberculosis t...
1328
Tuberculosis-induced granulomas express different immune system protein signatures than the surrounding tissue.
[ { "docid": "3475317", "title": "Inflammatory signaling in human Tuberculosis granulomas is spatially organized", "text": "Granulomas are the pathological hallmark of tuberculosis (TB). However, their function and mechanisms of formation remain poorly understood. To understand the role of granulomas in T...
[ { "docid": "34615397", "title": "Human tuberculous granulomas induce peripheral lymphoid follicle-like structures to orchestrate local host defence in the lung.", "text": "The human tuberculous granuloma provides the morphological basis for local immune processes central to the outcome of tuberculosis. ...
1330
Tumor development occurs in conjunction with suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
[ { "docid": "14075252", "title": "Paraneoplastic thrombocytosis: the secrets of tumor self-promotion.", "text": "Paraneoplastic thrombocytosis is associated with many solid tumors and often correlates with reduced survival. Recent studies suggest that a pathogenic feed back loop may be operative between ...
[ { "docid": "21382907", "title": "Reduced Cytokine Release in Ex Vivo Response to Cilengitide and Cetuximab Is a Marker for Improved Survival of Head and Neck Cancer Patients", "text": "Targeting of αVβ3 and αVβ5 integrins by cilengitide may reduce growth of solid tumors including head and neck squamous ...
1331
Tumor development occurs in conjunction with upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
[ { "docid": "14075252", "title": "Paraneoplastic thrombocytosis: the secrets of tumor self-promotion.", "text": "Paraneoplastic thrombocytosis is associated with many solid tumors and often correlates with reduced survival. Recent studies suggest that a pathogenic feed back loop may be operative between ...
[ { "docid": "8702697", "title": "miR-205 hinders the malignant interplay between prostate cancer cells and associated fibroblasts.", "text": "AIMS Tumor microenvironment is a strong determinant for the acquisition of metastatic potential of cancer cells. We have recently demonstrated that cancer-associat...
1333
Two variants of chromosome 6q21 are associated with radiation therapy-induced second malignancies in pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma patients.
[ { "docid": "1649738", "title": "Variants at 6q21 implicate PRDM1 in the etiology of therapy-induced second malignancies after Hodgkin's lymphoma", "text": "Survivors of pediatric Hodgkin's lymphoma are at risk for radiation therapy–induced second malignant neoplasms (SMNs). We identified two variants at...
[ { "docid": "6559701", "title": "Regulation of the latent-lytic switch in Epstein-Barr virus.", "text": "Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection contributes to the development of several different types of human malignancy, including Burkitt lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. As a herpe...
1334
Type 1 Diabetes is associated with subtle perturbations in T reg development.
[ { "docid": "13923140", "title": "Interleukin-2 gene variation impairs regulatory T cell function and causes autoimmunity", "text": "Autoimmune diseases are thought to result from imbalances in normal immune physiology and regulation. Here, we show that autoimmune disease susceptibility and resistance al...
[ { "docid": "266641", "title": "CD127 expression inversely correlates with FoxP3 and suppressive function of human CD4+ T reg cells", "text": "Regulatory T (T reg) cells are critical regulators of immune tolerance. Most T reg cells are defined based on expression of CD4, CD25, and the transcription facto...
1340
Ultrasound guidance significantly reduces the number of needle insertion attempts necessary for a given procedure.
[ { "docid": "15482274", "title": "Ultrasound imaging for lumbar punctures and epidural catheterisations: systematic review and meta-analysis.", "text": "OBJECTIVE To determine whether ultrasound imaging can reduce the risk of failed lumbar punctures or epidural catheterisations, when compared with standa...
[ { "docid": "52874170", "title": "How do I perform a lumbar puncture and analyze the results to diagnose bacterial meningitis?", "text": "CONTEXT Diagnostic lumbar punctures (LPs), commonly used to rule out meningitis, are associated with adverse events. \n OBJECTIVE To systematically review the eviden...
1341
Ultrasound guidance significantly reduces the number of traumatic procedures when attempting needle insertion.
[ { "docid": "15482274", "title": "Ultrasound imaging for lumbar punctures and epidural catheterisations: systematic review and meta-analysis.", "text": "OBJECTIVE To determine whether ultrasound imaging can reduce the risk of failed lumbar punctures or epidural catheterisations, when compared with standa...
[ { "docid": "52874170", "title": "How do I perform a lumbar puncture and analyze the results to diagnose bacterial meningitis?", "text": "CONTEXT Diagnostic lumbar punctures (LPs), commonly used to rule out meningitis, are associated with adverse events. \n OBJECTIVE To systematically review the eviden...
1342
Understanding epigenetic regulation of replication is essential for the reational design of episomally replicating vectors.
[ { "docid": "8148122", "title": "Global Reorganization of Replication Domains During Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation", "text": "DNA replication in mammals is regulated via the coordinate firing of clusters of replicons that duplicate megabase-sized chromosome segments at specific times during S-phase...
[ { "docid": "4037034", "title": "Development of a novel helper-dependent adenovirus-Epstein-Barr virus hybrid system for the stable transformation of mammalian cells.", "text": "Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) episomes are stably maintained in permissive proliferating cell lines due to EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EB...
1345
Up-regulation of the p53 pathway and related molecular events speeds cancer progression.
[ { "docid": "9559146", "title": "Senescent Cells, Tumor Suppression, and Organismal Aging: Good Citizens, Bad Neighbors", "text": "Cells from organisms with renewable tissues can permanently withdraw from the cell cycle in response to diverse stress, including dysfunctional telomeres, DNA damage, strong ...
[ { "docid": "28249680", "title": "BAX/BAK-independent mitoptosis during cell death induced by proteasome inhibition?", "text": "Proteasome inhibitors induce rapid death of cancer cells. We show that in epithelial cancer cells, such death is associated with dramatic and simultaneous up-regulation of sever...
1346
Upon developing tyrosine-kinase inhibitor resistance, new mutations in epidermal growth factor receptors emerge and cause treatment failure.
[ { "docid": "9505402", "title": "Acquired EGFR C797S mutation mediates resistance to AZD9291 in non–small cell lung cancer harboring EGFR T790M", "text": "Here we studied cell-free plasma DNA (cfDNA) collected from subjects with advanced lung cancer whose tumors had developed resistance to the epidermal ...
[ { "docid": "9929089", "title": "Subsequent chemotherapy reverses acquired tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance and restores response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer", "text": "BACKGROUND Patients with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can devel...
1347
Upon viral challenge, influenza-specific memory CD4+ T cells greatly diminish the early production of inflammatory chemokines in the lung.
[ { "docid": "19005293", "title": "Memory CD4+ T cells induce innate responses independently of pathogen", "text": "Inflammation induced by recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns markedly affects subsequent adaptive responses. We asked whether the adaptive immune system can also affect the ...
[ { "docid": "3835423", "title": "CD4+ T cell help guides formation of CD103+ lung-resident memory CD8+ T cells during influenza viral infection.", "text": "Tissue-resident memory T (Trm) cells provide enhanced protection against infection at mucosal sites. Here we found that CD4(+) T cells are important ...
1348
Upon viral challenge, influenza-specific memory CD4+ T cells greatly enhance the early production of inflammatory chemokines in the lung.
[ { "docid": "19005293", "title": "Memory CD4+ T cells induce innate responses independently of pathogen", "text": "Inflammation induced by recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns markedly affects subsequent adaptive responses. We asked whether the adaptive immune system can also affect the ...
[ { "docid": "3835423", "title": "CD4+ T cell help guides formation of CD103+ lung-resident memory CD8+ T cells during influenza viral infection.", "text": "Tissue-resident memory T (Trm) cells provide enhanced protection against infection at mucosal sites. Here we found that CD4(+) T cells are important ...
1349
Upregulation of PD1 causes the downmodulation of Satb1.
[ { "docid": "5377642", "title": "SATB1 Expression Governs Epigenetic Repression of PD‐1 in Tumor‐Reactive T Cells", "text": "&NA; Despite the importance of programmed cell death‐1 (PD‐1) in inhibiting T cell effector activity, the mechanisms regulating its expression remain poorly defined. We found that ...
[ { "docid": "3981033", "title": "IAP antagonists induce anti-tumor immunity in multiple myeloma", "text": "The cellular inhibitors of apoptosis (cIAP) 1 and 2 are amplified in about 3% of cancers and have been identified in multiple malignancies as being potential therapeutic targets as a result of their...
1350
Upregulation of PD1 causes the upregulation of Satb1.
[ { "docid": "5377642", "title": "SATB1 Expression Governs Epigenetic Repression of PD‐1 in Tumor‐Reactive T Cells", "text": "&NA; Despite the importance of programmed cell death‐1 (PD‐1) in inhibiting T cell effector activity, the mechanisms regulating its expression remain poorly defined. We found that ...
[ { "docid": "3981033", "title": "IAP antagonists induce anti-tumor immunity in multiple myeloma", "text": "The cellular inhibitors of apoptosis (cIAP) 1 and 2 are amplified in about 3% of cancers and have been identified in multiple malignancies as being potential therapeutic targets as a result of their...
1351
Upregulation of dynein in Drosophila neurons increases the number of microtubule plus-ends growing toward the cell body of each neuron.
[ { "docid": "28369117", "title": "Dynein is required for polarized dendritic transport and uniform microtubule orientation in axons", "text": "Axons and dendrites differ in both microtubule organization and in the organelles and proteins they contain. Here we show that the microtubule motor dynein has a ...
[ { "docid": "21598000", "title": "Structural basis for the activation of microtubule assembly by the EB1 and p150Glued complex.", "text": "Plus-end tracking proteins, such as EB1 and the dynein/dynactin complex, regulate microtubule dynamics. These proteins are thought to stabilize microtubules by formin...
1353
Urbanization is an important risk factor related to the transmission of dengue fever.
[ { "docid": "18816720", "title": "Spatial and Temporal Clustering of Dengue Virus Transmission in Thai Villages", "text": "BACKGROUND Transmission of dengue viruses (DENV), the leading cause of arboviral disease worldwide, is known to vary through time and space, likely owing to a combination of factors ...
[ { "docid": "2097256", "title": "Population Density, Water Supply, and the Risk of Dengue Fever in Vietnam: Cohort Study and Spatial Analysis", "text": "BACKGROUND Aedes aegypti, the major vector of dengue viruses, often breeds in water storage containers used by households without tap water supply, and ...
1355
V-9302 inhibits antitumor responses by decreasing cell death and oxidative stress.
[ { "docid": "5256564", "title": "Pharmacological Blockade of ASCT2-dependent Glutamine Transport Leads To Anti-tumor Efficacy in Preclinical Models", "text": "The unique metabolic demands of cancer cells underscore potentially fruitful opportunities for drug discovery in the era of precision medicine. Ho...
[ { "docid": "24185667", "title": "DAP kinase regulates JNK signaling by binding and activating protein kinase D under oxidative stress", "text": "The stress-activated kinase JNK mediates key cellular responses to oxidative stress. Here we show that DAP kinase (DAPk), a cell death promoting Ser/Thr protei...
1356
Vaccinating the gastrointestinal tract induces protection of rectal and vaginal mucosa.
[ { "docid": "13764090", "title": "Large intestine-targeted nanoparticle-releasing oral vaccine to control genitorectal viral infection", "text": "Both rectal and vaginal mucosal surfaces serve as transmission routes for pathogenic microorganisms. Vaccination through large intestinal mucosa, previously pr...
[ { "docid": "708425", "title": "Intermittent prophylaxis with oral truvada protects macaques from rectal SHIV infection.", "text": "HIV continues to spread globally, mainly through sexual contact. Despite advances in treatment and care, preventing transmission with vaccines or microbicides has proven dif...
1360
Varenicline monotherapy is more effective after 26 weeks of treatment compared to combination nicotine replacement therapies with varenicline or bupropion.
[ { "docid": "11614737", "title": "Combination varenicline and bupropion SR for tobacco-dependence treatment in cigarette smokers: a randomized trial.", "text": "IMPORTANCE Combining pharmacotherapies for tobacco-dependence treatment may increase smoking abstinence. \n OBJECTIVE To determine efficacy an...
[ { "docid": "5114940", "title": "Pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation: an overview and network meta-analysis.", "text": "BACKGROUND Smoking is the leading preventable cause of illness and premature death worldwide. Some medications have been proven to help people to quit, with three licens...
1361
Varying expression levels of EBI2 affect the positioning and migration of B cells.
[ { "docid": "15488881", "title": "Guidance of B cells by the orphan G protein-coupled receptor EBI2 shapes humoral immune responses.", "text": "Humoral immunity depends on both rapid and long-term antibody production against invading pathogens. This is achieved by the generation of spatially distinct ext...
[ { "docid": "38587347", "title": "Finding the right niche: B-cell migration in the early phases of T-dependent antibody responses.", "text": "Humoral immune responses depend on B cells encountering antigen, interacting with helper T cells, proliferating and differentiating into low-affinity plasma cells ...
1364
Venules have less significant tunica adventitia than arterioles.
[ { "docid": "8290953", "title": "Scaffold-based three-dimensional human fibroblast culture provides a structural matrix that supports angiogenesis in infarcted heart tissue.", "text": "BACKGROUND We have developed techniques to implant angiogenic patches onto the epicardium over regions of infarcted card...
[ { "docid": "1122279", "title": "Endothelium-mediated relaxation of porcine collateral-dependent arterioles is improved by exercise training.", "text": "BACKGROUND Endothelium-dependent modulation of coronary tone is impaired in the collateral-dependent coronary microcirculation. We used a porcine model ...
1366
VgrG (Tssl) protein punctures membranes by forming a spike at the tip of the tube apparatus.
[ { "docid": "4406819", "title": "PAAR-repeat proteins sharpen and diversify the Type VI secretion system spike", "text": "The bacterial type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a large multicomponent, dynamic macromolecular machine that has an important role in the ecology of many Gram-negative bacteria. T6SS ...
[ { "docid": "27731651", "title": "A view to a kill: the bacterial type VI secretion system.", "text": "The bacterial type VI secretion system (T6SS) is an organelle that is structurally and mechanistically analogous to an intracellular membrane-attached contractile phage tail. Recent studies determined t...
1367
Vitamin D deficiency effects birth weight.
[ { "docid": "2425364", "title": "Association between maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and pregnancy and neonatal outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.", "text": "OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels on pregnancy outcomes and birth...
[ { "docid": "13312471", "title": "Vitamin D insufficiency and the blunted PTH response in established osteoporosis: the role of magnesium deficiency", "text": "Vitamin D insufficiency is common, however within individuals, not all manifest the biochemical effects of PTH excess. This further extends to pa...
1371
Vitamin D is an important factor in the relationship between calcium and parathyroid hormone.
[ { "docid": "16256507", "title": "Relationship between serum parathyroid hormone levels, vitamin D sufficiency, and calcium intake.", "text": "CONTEXT Adequate vitamin D status for optimum bone health has received increased recognition in recent years; however, the ideal intake is not known. Serum 25-hyd...
[ { "docid": "23267371", "title": "Vitamin D: The \"sunshine\" vitamin.", "text": "Vitamin D insufficiency affects almost 50% of the population worldwide. An estimated 1 billion people worldwide, across all ethnicities and age groups, have a vitamin D deficiency (VDD). This pandemic of hypovitaminosis D c...
1372
Walking in traffic areas in London did not improve lung function in elderly adults.
[ { "docid": "21003930", "title": "Respiratory and cardiovascular responses to walking down a traffic-polluted road compared with walking in a traffic-free area in participants aged 60 years and older with chronic lung or heart disease and age-matched healthy controls: a randomised, crossover study", "tex...
[ { "docid": "53779698", "title": "Exercise as a therapeutic approach to improve blood pressure in patients with peripheral arterial disease: current literature and future directions.", "text": "INTRODUCTION Patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease (PAD) exhibit reduced functional capacity and ...
1373
Walking in traffic areas in London improves lung function in elderly adults.
[ { "docid": "21003930", "title": "Respiratory and cardiovascular responses to walking down a traffic-polluted road compared with walking in a traffic-free area in participants aged 60 years and older with chronic lung or heart disease and age-matched healthy controls: a randomised, crossover study", "tex...
[ { "docid": "53779698", "title": "Exercise as a therapeutic approach to improve blood pressure in patients with peripheral arterial disease: current literature and future directions.", "text": "INTRODUCTION Patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease (PAD) exhibit reduced functional capacity and ...
1374
Weighed food records (WFR) result in high completion since they're cheap to run and impose low participant burden.
[ { "docid": "21993510", "title": "Accuracy of weighed dietary records in studies of diet and health.", "text": "OBJECTIVE To provide an independent evaluation of seven day weighed dietary records, which are currently accepted as the most accurate technique for assessing habitual dietary intake in studies...
[ { "docid": "21623140", "title": "Comparison of dietary assessment methods in a Southern French population: use of weighed records, estimated-diet records and a food-frequency questionnaire", "text": "Objective: The main objective of the study was to develop appropriate dietary assessment instruments for...
1375
Weighed food records (WFR) result in poor completion since they're costly to run and impose high participant burden.
[ { "docid": "21993510", "title": "Accuracy of weighed dietary records in studies of diet and health.", "text": "OBJECTIVE To provide an independent evaluation of seven day weighed dietary records, which are currently accepted as the most accurate technique for assessing habitual dietary intake in studies...
[ { "docid": "21623140", "title": "Comparison of dietary assessment methods in a Southern French population: use of weighed records, estimated-diet records and a food-frequency questionnaire", "text": "Objective: The main objective of the study was to develop appropriate dietary assessment instruments for...
1376
Whole brain radiotherapy increases the occurrence of new brain metastases.
[ { "docid": "3944632", "title": "Stereotactic radiosurgery plus whole-brain radiation therapy vs stereotactic radiosurgery alone for treatment of brain metastases: a randomized controlled trial.", "text": "CONTEXT In patients with brain metastases, it is unclear whether adding up-front whole-brain radiat...
[ { "docid": "19408393", "title": "Value of whole brain re-irradiation for brain metastases--single centre experience.", "text": "AIMS There is controversy in published studies regarding the role of repeat whole brain radiation (WBRT) for previously irradiated brain metastases. The aim of our retrospectiv...
1378
Women are more susceptible to death due to pneumonia when compared to men.
[ { "docid": "2488880", "title": "Gender-dependent differences in outcome after the treatment of infection in hospitalized patients.", "text": "CONTEXT While it is established that management strategies and outcomes differ by gender for many diseases, its effect on infection has not been adequately studie...
[ { "docid": "33835579", "title": "Pathology of postprimary tuberculosis in humans and mice: contradiction of long-held beliefs.", "text": "Tuberculosis remains one of the world's leading infectious causes of death. Approximately 80% of all disease is due to postprimary (secondary) tuberculosis in the lun...
1380
Women with a lower birth weight are more likely to develop breast cancer later in life.
[ { "docid": "16322674", "title": "Birth Size and Breast Cancer Risk: Re-analysis of Individual Participant Data from 32 Studies", "text": "BACKGROUND Birth size, perhaps a proxy for prenatal environment, might be a correlate of subsequent breast cancer risk, but findings from epidemiological studies have...
[ { "docid": "5487448", "title": "Birth weight and mammographic density among postmenopausal women in Sweden.", "text": "Birth weight is a significant predictor of breast cancer risk in adult life and mammary gland mass could be an intermediate stage in this long process. We have studied the association o...
1381
YAP/TAZ is required in intestinal regeneration in mouse models of ulcerative colitis.
[ { "docid": "13481880", "title": "YAP/TAZ-Dependent Reprogramming of Colonic Epithelium Links ECM Remodeling to Tissue Regeneration", "text": "Tissue regeneration requires dynamic cellular adaptation to the wound environment. It is currently unclear how this is orchestrated at the cellular level and how ...
[ { "docid": "42782688", "title": "VSL#3 probiotic upregulates intestinal mucosal alkaline sphingomyelinase and reduces inflammation.", "text": "BACKGROUND Alkaline sphingomyelinase, an enzyme found exclusively in bile and the intestinal brush border, hydrolyzes sphingomyelin into ceramide, sphingosine an...
1383
aPKCz causes tumour suppression by affecting glutamine metabolism.
[ { "docid": "17755060", "title": "Control of Nutrient Stress-Induced Metabolic Reprogramming by PKCζ in Tumorigenesis", "text": "Tumor cells have high-energetic and anabolic needs and are known to adapt their metabolism to be able to survive and keep proliferating under conditions of nutrient stress. We ...
[ { "docid": "3831884", "title": "Glutamine supports pancreatic cancer growth through a Kras-regulated metabolic pathway", "text": "Cancer cells have metabolic dependencies that distinguish them from their normal counterparts. Among these dependencies is an increased use of the amino acid glutamine to fue...
1386
cSMAC formation represses weak ligand signalling.
[ { "docid": "306006", "title": "The stimulatory potency of T cell antigens is influenced by the formation of the immunological synapse.", "text": "T cell activation is predicated on the interaction between the T cell receptor and peptide-major histocompatibility (pMHC) ligands. The factors that determine...
[ { "docid": "9283422", "title": "T cell receptor-proximal signals are sustained in peripheral microclusters and terminated in the central supramolecular activation cluster.", "text": "T cell receptor (TCR) signaling is initiated and sustained in microclusters; however, it's not known whether signaling al...
1387
eRNAs influence is linked to senescence, aging, and carcinogenesis.
[ { "docid": "9669099", "title": "eRNAs are required for p53-dependent enhancer activity and gene transcription.", "text": "Binding within or nearby target genes involved in cell proliferation and survival enables the p53 tumor suppressor gene to regulate their transcription and cell-cycle progression. Us...
[ { "docid": "15521377", "title": "Keeping your senescent cells under control", "text": "Cellular senescence is a stable form of cell-cycle arrest which is thought to limit the proliferative potential of premalignant cells [1]. The senescence phenotype was initially described by Hayflick and Moorhead in 1...
1390
mcm 5 s 2 U is required for proper decoding of NNR codons in eukaryotes.
[ { "docid": "2890952", "title": "Mechanistic characterization of the sulfur-relay system for eukaryotic 2-thiouridine biogenesis at tRNA wobble positions", "text": "The wobble modification in tRNAs, 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine (mcm(5)s(2)U), is required for the proper decoding of NNR codons in ...
[ { "docid": "34498325", "title": "A conserved modified wobble nucleoside (mcm5s2U) in lysyl-tRNA is required for viability in yeast.", "text": "Transfer RNAs specific for Gln, Lys, and Glu from all organisms (except Mycoplasma) and organelles have a 2-thiouridine derivative (xm(5)s(2)U) as wobble nucleos...
1391
miR-142-5P is a known regulator of raised body temperature.
[ { "docid": "6766459", "title": "RBM3 regulates temperature sensitive miR-142–5p and miR-143 (thermomiRs), which target immune genes and control fever", "text": "Fever is commonly used to diagnose disease and is consistently associated with increased mortality in critically ill patients. However, the mol...
[ { "docid": "53211308", "title": "Exosomal miR-99a-5p is elevated in sera of ovarian cancer patients and promotes cancer cell invasion by increasing fibronectin and vitronectin expression in neighboring peritoneal mesothelial cells", "text": "BACKGROUND microRNAs (miRNAs) stably exist in circulating bloo...
1392
miR-142-5P is a temperature-sensitive microRNA (miRNA).
[ { "docid": "6766459", "title": "RBM3 regulates temperature sensitive miR-142–5p and miR-143 (thermomiRs), which target immune genes and control fever", "text": "Fever is commonly used to diagnose disease and is consistently associated with increased mortality in critically ill patients. However, the mol...
[ { "docid": "53211308", "title": "Exosomal miR-99a-5p is elevated in sera of ovarian cancer patients and promotes cancer cell invasion by increasing fibronectin and vitronectin expression in neighboring peritoneal mesothelial cells", "text": "BACKGROUND microRNAs (miRNAs) stably exist in circulating bloo...
1393
miRNAs enforce homeostasis by suppressing low-level ''leaky'' transcription.
[ { "docid": "2000038", "title": "MicroRNAs can generate thresholds in target gene expression", "text": "MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, highly conserved noncoding RNA molecules that repress gene expression in a sequence-dependent manner. We performed single-cell measurements using quantitative fluorescence...
[ { "docid": "16086778", "title": "Loss of negative regulation by Numb over Notch is relevant to human breast carcinogenesis", "text": "The biological antagonism between Notch and Numb controls the proliferative/differentiative balance in development and homeostasis. Although altered Notch signaling has b...
1394
miRNAs regulate a unique suite of mRNAs to maintain homeostasis in cells.
[ { "docid": "2251426", "title": "microRNAs: A Safeguard against Turmoil?", "text": "Emerging data suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) are instrumental in a variety of stress responses in addition to their more recognized role in development. Surprisingly, miRNAs, which normally suppress expression of target ...
[ { "docid": "12582729", "title": "Flow-Dependent Regulation of Kruppel-Like Factor 2 Is Mediated by MicroRNA-92a.", "text": "BACKGROUND Upregulated by atheroprotective flow, the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) is crucial for maintaining endothelial function. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are nonco...
1397
p16INK4A degradation is linked to an abnormal wound response caused by the microinvasive step of advanced Oral Potentially Malignant Lesions (OPMLs).
[ { "docid": "17717391", "title": "Monitoring Tumorigenesis and Senescence In Vivo with a p16INK4a-Luciferase Model", "text": "Monitoring cancer and aging in vivo remains experimentally challenging. Here, we describe a luciferase knockin mouse (p16(LUC)), which faithfully reports expression of p16(INK4a),...
[ { "docid": "22309946", "title": "Asymptomatic spinal cord lesions predict disease progression in radiologically isolated syndrome.", "text": "BACKGROUND Technological advancements in neuroimaging and the increased use of these diagnostic modalities are responsible for the discovery of incidentally ident...