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499
Case 30
Courses of Treatment
HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
30.1. . Courses of Treatment. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (#6 cycles of. docetaxel and carboplatin and trastuzumab. and pertuzumab)  +  Operation  +  Post-­. operative radiation therapy.. 179. Pathology Report. Ductal Carcinoma In Situ. . 1. Post-chemotherapy status.. . 2. Size of tumor: 2.0 cm (ypTis).. . 3. Nuclear grade: high.. . 4. Necrosis: present.. . 5. Architectural pattern: papillary/micropapil­. lary/cribriform/solid/comedo.. . 6. Surgical margins:. . (a) superior margin: 8 mm,. . (b) inferior margin: 7 mm,. . (c) medial margin: 15 mm,. . (d) lateral margin: (see note),. . (e) deep margin: 3 mm,. . (f) superficial margin: 7 mm.. . 7. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in three axillary. lymph nodes (ypN0(sn)) (sentinel LN: 0/3).. . 8. Microcalcification: present, tumoral.. . 9. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. ypTisN0(sn).. Note: 1. The lateral margin of the lumpectomy. specimen (slide 4) is close to ductal carcinoma in. situ (3 mm) but this margin submitted for frozen. diagnosis (Fro 4) is free of tumor.. Result. Intensity Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Strong (7/8). 3. 1/3–2/3. Progesterone. receptor. Intermediate. (5/8). 2. 10%-1/3. C-erbB2. Positive (3+). Ki-67. Positive in 9%. of tumor cells. S. Park et al.. 403. . . . HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer. 404. a. b. . 31. 
506
Case 30
Important Radiologic
HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. 172 173 174 175 176 177. 178
511
Case 30
Patient History
HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Patient History and Progress. Female/31 years old, pre-menopause.. Self-detected palpable mass lesion on outer. inner portion of right breast.. No family history.. No comorbidities.. BRCA 1 and 2 mutation: Not detected.. 30.2. 
500
Case 30
Courses of Treatment
HR(+) HER2(-) Breast Cancer
Courses of Treatment. Operation  +  Post-operative radiation ther­. apy + Letrozole 2.5 mg/day.. Operation. Left breast conserving surgery, sentinel lymph. ponent: absent).. 4. Skin: no involvement of tumor.. 5. Surgical margins:. . (a) superior margin: 15 mm.. . (b) inferior margin: 15 mm.. . (c) medial margin: 10 mm.. . (d) lateral margin: 15 mm.. . (e) deep margin: 3 mm.. . (f) superficial margin: 15 mm.. 6. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in one axillary. lymph node (pN0(i+)(sn)) (see note) (senti­. nel LN: 0/1, non-sentinel LN: 0/0). 7. Arteriovenous invasion: absent.. 8. Lymphovascular. invasion:. present,. intratumoral.. 9. Tumor border: infiltrative.. . 10. Microcalcification: present, non-tumoral.. . 11. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. pT1cN0(i+)(sn).. Note: 1. A few isolated tumor cells are. present only in the permanent section of Fro. 1 for immunohistochemical staining.. Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. Progesterone receptor. Strong (7/8). 2. >2/3. C-erbB2. Negative (1+). Ki-67. Positive in 11% of tumor cells. Y. Kim et al.
507
Case 30
Important Radiologic
HR(+) HER2(-) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. See Figs. 165, 166, 167 and 168.. 30.3. 
512
Case 30
Patient History
HR(+) HER2(-) Breast Cancer
s/p Left optic nerve palsy, hypertension, s/p. right rotator cuff tear operation.. 30.2. 
501
Case 30
Courses of Treatment
HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
30.1. . Courses of Treatment. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (#6 cycles of. docetaxel and carboplatin and trastuzumab and. pertuzumab) + Operation + Post-operative radia­. tion therapy + Trastuzumab and pertuzumab.. 3. Histologic grade: not applicable.. 4. Intraductal component: absent.. 5. Skin: no involvement of tumor.. 6. Surgical margins:. . (a) superior margin: 10 mm,. . (b) inferior margin: (see note),. . (c) medial margin: 10 mm,. . (d) lateral margin: 10 mm,. . (e) deep margin: 2 mm,. . (f) superficial margin: 2 mm.. 7. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in three axillary. lymph nodes (ypN0(sn)) (sentinel LN: 0/3).. 8. Arteriovenous invasion: absent.. 9. Lymphovascular invasion: absent.. . 10. Tumor border: infiltrative.. . 11. Microcalcification: present, tumoral.. . 12. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. ypT1miN0(sn).. Note: 1. The inferior margin of the lumpec­. tomy specimen (slide 5) is close to microinvasive. ductal carcinoma (2 mm) but this margin submit­. ted for frozen diagnosis (Fro 2) is free of tumor.. Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. Progesterone. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. C-erbB2. Positive (3+). Ki-67. Positive in. 19% of tumor. cells. a. b. . Y. Kwon et al.. 543. 31. 
508
Case 30
Important Radiologic
HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. 202 203. 204. HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer. 540. . ­. Y. Kwon et al.. 541. 30.3. . After Neoadjuvant. Chemotherapy. 205 206. 207. 30.4. 
513
Case 30
Patient History
HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Patient History and Progress. Female/41 years old, pre-menopause.. Self-detected palpable mass and nipple dis­. charge on left breast.. No family history.. No comorbidities.. BRCA 1 and 2 mutation: Not detected.. 30.2. 
502
Case 30
Courses of Treatment
HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer
30.1. . Courses of Treatment. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (#2  cycles of. doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide  +  #3. cycles of paclitaxel) + Operation + Adjuvant. capecitabine.. Operation. 224. Pathology Report. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. 1. Post-chemotherapy status.. 2. Size of tumor: 3.5 cm (ypT2).. 3. Histologic grade: 3/3 (tubule formation: 3/3,. nuclear pleomorphism: 3/3, mitotic count:. 3/3, 4/1HPF).. 4. Intraductal component: present, extratumoral. (5%) (nuclear grade: high, necrosis: absent,. architectural pattern: solid, extensive intra­. ductal component: absent).. 5. Skin and nipple: no involvement of tumor.. 6. Surgical margins:. . (a) Deep margin: 1 mm from invasive ductal. carcinoma (slide 6).. . (b) Superficial margin: 2 mm.. . . ­. . HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer. 684. . E. S. Lee et al.. 685. . . . 7. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in two axillary. lymph nodes (ypN0(sn)) (sentinel LN: 0/2).. 8. Arteriovenous invasion: absent.. 9. Lymphovascular. invasion:. present,. intratumoral.. . 10. Tumor border: infiltrative.. . 11. Microcalcification:. present,. tumoral/. non-tumoral.. . 12. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. ypT2N0(sn).. Result. Intensity. Positive. %. Estrogen. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. Progesterone. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. C-erbB2. Equivocal (2+),. SISH (−). Ki-67. Positive in 86%. of tumor cells. HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer. 686. . 31. 
509
Case 30
Important Radiologic
HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. 216 217. 218. . E. S. Lee et al.. 683. After Neoadjuvant. Chemotherapy. 219 220 221 222. 223. 30.3. 
514
Case 30
Patient History
HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer
Patient History and Progress. Female/69 years old, post-menopause.. Self-detected palpable mass lesion on left. breast.. No family history.. h/o Tuberculosis, s/p thoracic vertebra com­. pression fracture.. 30.2. 
503
Case 30
Courses of Treatment
Local Recurrence
30.1. . Courses of Treatment. Right breast IDC → Operation → Adjuvant. therapy → Left breast recurrence (IDC).. Primary Treatment. 203 204 205. 206. . . . . Local Recurrence. 800. a. b. c. d. . Operation. 207. Pathology Report. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. 1. Size of tumor: 2.2 cm (pT2).. 2. Histologic grade: 2/3 (tubule formation: 3/3,. nuclear pleomorphism: 2/3, mitotic count:. 1/3, 5/10HPF).. 3. Intraductal component: present, intratu­. moral/extratumoral (5%) (nuclear grade:. low, necrosis: present, architectural pattern:. cribriform/solid, extensive intraductal com­. ponent: absent).. 4. Skin and nipple: no involvement of tumor.. 5. No involvement of skeletal muscle.. 6. Surgical margins:. . (a) Deep margin: 8 mm.. . (b) Superficial margin: 15 mm.. 7. Lymph nodes:. . (a) metastasis in 1 out of 5 axillary lymph. nodes (pN1a) (sentinel LN: 1/3, axillary. LN: 0/2).. . (b) perinodal extension: present.. . (c) size of metastatic carcinoma: 11 mm.. 8. Arteriovenous invasion: absent.. 9. Lymphovascular. invasion:. present,. peritumoral.. . 10. Tumor border: infiltrative.. . 11. Microcalcification: present, tumoral.. . 12. Pathologic stage (AJCC 2010): pT2N1a.. Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. Progesterone. receptor. Weak (3/8). 1. 1–10%. C-erbB2. Negative (1+). Ki-67. Positive in 11%. of tumor cells. Adjuvant Therapy. Anastrozole 1 mg/day for 4 years.. Y. Kim et al.. 801. Treatments After Recurrence. 208 209. 210. Operation. 211. Pathology Report. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. 1. Size of tumor: 0.9 cm (pT1b).. 2. Histologic grade: 2 (tubule formation: 3/3,. nuclear pleomorphism: 3/3, mitotic count:. 1/3, 3/10HPF).. 3. Intraductal component: present, intratu­. moral/extratumoral (50%) (nuclear grade:. high, necrosis: present, architectural pattern:. comedo, extensive intraductal component:. present).. 4. Skin and nipple: no involvement of tumor.. 5. Surgical margins:. . (a) Deep margin: 2 mm.. . (b) Superficial margin: 20 mm.. 6. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in one axillary. lymph nodes (pN0(sn)) (sentinel LN: 0/1).. 7. Arteriovenous invasion: absent.. 8. Lymphovascular invasion: absent.. . . . Local Recurrence. 802. a. b. c. d. . 9. Tumor border: infiltrative.. . 10. Microcalcification: absent.. . 11. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. pT1bN0(sn).. Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. Progesterone. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. C-erbB2. Equivocal (2+). (SISH negative). Ki-67. Positive in 6%. of tumor cells. 31. 
515
Case 30
Patient History
Local Recurrence
Patient History and Progress. Female/89 years old, post-menopause.. Screen detected mass lesion on right breast 1. o’clock direction.. Outside result of biopsy: Invasive ductal. carcinoma.. No family history.. Hypertension, Hypothyroidism, s/p Cardiac. stent insertion (angina).. s/p Shoulder ligament rupture operation.. 30.2. 
504
Case 30
Courses of Treatment
Metastatic Breast Cancer
30.1. . Courses of Treatment. Right breast cancer → Operation → Adjuvant. therapy → Bone metastasis.. Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Strong (7/8). 3. 1/3–2/3. Progesterone. receptor. Strong (7/8). 3. 1/3–2/3. C-erbB2. Negative (0). Ki-67. Positive in. 5% of tumor. cells. Adjuvant Therapy. Tamoxifen 20 mg/day.. Treatments After Recurrence
516
Case 30
Patient History
Metastatic Breast Cancer
Patient History and Progress. Female/50 years old, pre-menopause.. No family history.. Hepatitis B virus carrier, s/p myomectomy.. 30.2. 
517
Case 31
Courses of Treatment
Carcinoma In Situ
31.1. . Courses of Treatment:. Operation. Operation. 146. 147. Pathology Report. Ductal carcinoma in situ, pathological TN cat­. egory (AJCC 2017): pTis. . 1. Size of tumor: 2.0 cm (pTis).. . 2. Nuclear grade: low.. . 3. Necrosis: absent.. . 4. Architectural pattern: papillary/micropapil­. lary/cribriform.. E. S. Lee et al.. 121. . . . 5. Skin: no involvement of tumor.. . 6. Surgical margins:. . (a) deep margin: 2 mm,. . (b) superficial margin: 2 mm.. . 7. Microcalcification:. present,. tumoral/non-. tumoral.. Result. Intensity Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. Progesterone. receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. C-erbB2. Equivocal (2+). Ki-67. Positive in 3%. of tumor cells. Carcinoma In Situ. 122. a. b. d. e. . . ­. E. S. Lee et al.. 123. 32. 
524
Case 31
Important Radiologic
Carcinoma In Situ
Important Radiologic. Findings. 144. 145. 31.3. 
529
Case 31
Patient History
Carcinoma In Situ
Patient History and Progress. Female/31 years old, pre-menopause.. Screen detected calcification on left breast. 11 o’clock direction.. Outside result of mammotome biopsy: Ductal. carcinoma in situ.. No family history.. No comorbidities.. BRCA 1 and 2: Not detected.. 31.2. 
518
Case 31
Courses of Treatment
HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
31.1. . Courses of Treatment. Operation  +  Adjuvant chemotherapy (#4. cycles of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide. followed by #4 cycles of docetaxel and trastu­. zumab)  +  Post-operative radiation ther­. apy + Trastuzumab + Letrozole 2.5 mg/day.. 184. Pathology Report. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. 1. Size of tumor: 1.7 cm (pT1c).. S. Park et al.. micropapillary/comedo,. extensive. intra­. ductal component: absent).. 4. Skin: no involvement of tumor.. 5. Surgical margins:. . (a) superior margin: 10 mm,. . (b) inferior margin: 15 mm,. . (c) medial margin: 15 mm,. . (d) lateral margin: 10 mm,. . (e) deep margin: 2 mm,. . (f) superficial margin: 2 mm.. HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer. 406. . . S. Park et al.. 407. 6. Lymph nodes:. . (a) metastasis in one out of two axillary. lymph nodes (pN1a(sn)) (sentinel LN:. 1/1, axillary LN: 0/1),. . (b) perinodal extension: present,. . (c) size of metastatic carcinoma: 8 mm.. 7. Arteriovenous invasion: absent.. 8. Lymphovascular. invasion:. present,. intratumoral.. 9. Tumor border: infiltrative.. . 10. Microcalcification:. present,. tumoral/. non-tumoral.. . 11. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. pT1cN1a(sn).. . a. b. . HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer. 408. Result. Intensity. Positive. %. Estrogen. receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. Progesterone. receptor. Strong (7/8). 3. 1/3–2/3. C-erbB2. Positive (3+). Ki-67. Positive in 19%. of tumor cells. 32. 
525
Case 31
Important Radiologic
HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. 180 181 182. 183. 31.3. 
530
Case 31
Patient History
HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Patient History and Progress. Female/69 years old, post-menopause.. Self-detected nipple retraction on left breast.. No family history.. Hypertension.. 31.2. 
519
Case 31
Courses of Treatment
HR(+) HER2(-) Breast Cancer
Courses of Treatment. Operation. +. Adjuvant. chemotherapy. (#4 cycles of docetaxel & ­. cyclophosphamide) +. Post-operative radiation therapy + Letrozole. 2.5 mg/day.. Operation. Right breast conserving surgery, sentinel lymph. . (c) medial margin: 10 mm.. . (d) lateral margin: 10 mm.. . (e) deep margin: <1 mm from invasive duc­. tal carcinoma (slide 2).. . (f) superficial margin: 5 mm.. 6. Lymph nodes:. . (a) metastasis in one out of four axillary. lymph nodes (pN1a(sn)) (sentinel LN:. 1/1, axillary LN: 0/3). . (b) perinodal extension: present.. . (c) size of metastatic carcinoma: 10 mm.. 7. Arteriovenous invasion: absent.. 8. Lymphovascular. invasion:. present,. intratumoral.. 9. Tumor border: infiltrative.. . 10. Microcalcification: absent.. . 11. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. pT2N1a(sn).. Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. Progesterone receptor. Negative (1/8) IDC. Strong (8/8) DCIS. 1. 3. <1%. >2/3. C-erbB2. Equivocal (2+) (SISH negative). Ki-67. Positive in 43% of tumor cells. HR(+) HER2(−) Breast Cancer
526
Case 31
Important Radiologic
HR(+) HER2(-) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. See Figs. 170, 171, 172 and 173.. 31.3. 
531
Case 31
Patient History
HR(+) HER2(-) Breast Cancer
niece.. S/P. Hysterectomy. and. salpingo-oophorectomy.. BRCA 1 exon 9-13 deletion, exon 2-6. deletion.. 31.2. 
520
Case 31
Courses of Treatment
HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
31.1. . Operation. 213. Pathology Report. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. 1. Size of tumor: 2.1 cm (pT2).. 2. Histologic grade: 3/3 (tubule formation: 3/3,. nuclear pleomorphism: 3/3, mitotic count:. 3/3, 5/HPF).. 3. Intraductal component: present, intratu­. moral/extratumoral (50%) (nuclear grade:. high, necrosis: present, architectural pattern:. solid/comedo, extensive intraductal compo­. nent: present).. Y. Kwon et al.. 545. a. b. . 4. Skin: no involvement of tumor.. 5. Surgical margins:. . (a) superior margin: 10 mm,. . (b) inferior margin: 10 mm,. . (c) medial margin: 20 mm,. . (d) lateral margin: 15 mm,. . (e) deep margin: 2 mm,. . (f) superficial margin: 2 mm.. 6. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in one axillary. lymph node (pN0(sn)) (sentinel LN: 0/1).. 7. Arteriovenous invasion: absent.. 8. Lymphovascular invasion: present, intratumoral.. 9. Tumor border: infiltrative.. . 10. Microcalcification:. present,. tumoral/. non-tumoral.. . 11. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. pT2N0(sn).. HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer. 546. . ­. Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. Progesterone. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. C-erbB2. Positive (3+). Ki-67. Positive in. 79% of tumor. cells. 32. 
527
Case 31
Important Radiologic
HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. 209 210 211. 212. . HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
532
Case 31
Patient History
HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Patient History and Progress. Female/74 years old, post-menopause.. Screen detected mass lesion on left breast 1. o’clock direction.. No family history.. Hypertension.. 31.2. 
521
Case 31
Courses of Treatment
HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer
31.1. . Courses of Treatment. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (#4  cycles of. doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide  +  #4. cycles of docetaxel)  +  Operation  +  Post-. operative radiation therapy  +  Adjuvant. capecitabine.. Operation. 233. Pathology Report. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. 1. Post-chemotherapy status.. 2. Size of tumor: 0.9 cm (ypT1b).. 3. Histologic grade: 3/3 (tubule formation: 3/3,. nuclear pleomorphism: 3/3, mitotic count:. 3/3, 18/10HPF).. 4. Intraductal component: absent.. 5. Skin: no involvement of tumor.. 6. Surgical margins:. . (a) Superior margin: 38 mm.. . (b) Inferior margin: 21 mm.. . (c) Medial margin: 20 mm.. . (d) Lateral margin: 15 mm.. . (e) Deep margin: 6 mm.. . (f) Superficial margin: 22 mm.. 7. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in five axillary. lymph nodes (ypN0(sn)) (sentinel LN: 0/3,. non-sentinel LN: 0/2).. E. S. Lee et al.. 689. . . ­. . HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer. 690. 8. Arteriovenous invasion: absent.. 9. Lymphovascular invasion: absent.. . 10. Tumor border: infiltrative.. . 11. Microcalcification: absent.. . 12. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. ypT1bN0(sn).. Result. Intensity Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. Progesterone. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. C-erbB2. Negative (0). Ki-67. Positive in 75%. of tumor cells. . . E. S. Lee et al.. 691. 32. 
528
Case 31
Important Radiologic
HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. 225 226 227. 228. E. S. Lee et al.. 687. . . ­. . HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer. 688. . After Neoadjuvant. Chemotherapy. 229 230 231. 232. 31.3. 
533
Case 31
Patient History
HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer
Patient History and Progress. Female/41 years old, pre-menopause.. Self-detected mass lesion on right breast.. No family history.. No comorbidities.. BRCA 1 and 2 mutation: Not detected, STK11. VUS (variant of uncertain).. 31.2. 
522
Case 31
Courses of Treatment
Local Recurrence
31.1. . Courses of Treatment. Right breast Papillary carcinoma in situ→. Operation → Right breast recurrence (DCIS).. Primary Treatment. 212 213 214. 215. Operation. ­. ­. 216 217. 218. Pathology Report. <Right>. Y. Kim et al.. 803. . . . ­. . Papillary carcinoma in situ. . 1. Size of tumor: 5.0 cm (pTis).. . 2. Nuclear grade: low.. . 3. Necrosis: present.. . 4. Architectural pattern: papillary/cribriform.. . 5. Surgical margins:. . (a) Deep margin: <1 mm (slide 6).. . (b) Superficial margin: 0.08 mm (slide 2).. . 6. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in four axillary. lymph nodes (pN0(sn)) (sentinel LN: 0/4).. . 7. Microcalcification: absent.. . 8. Pathologic stage (AJCC 2010): pTisN0(sn).. Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Strong (7/8). 3. 1/3–2/3. Progesterone. receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. C-erbB2. Equivocal (2+). Ki-67. Positive in 26%. of tumor cells. <Left>. Local Recurrence. 804. . . Y. Kim et al.. 805. . . . 1. Intraductal papillomas, multiple, up to 0.8 cm. . 2. Sclerosing adenosis with microcalcification.. Treatments After Recurrence. 219. 220. Biopsy. Right 1 o’clock.. Ductal carcinoma in situ:. . 1. Nuclear grade: low.. . 2. Necrosis: absent.. . 3. Architectural pattern: papillary/cribriform.. . 4. Microcalcification: absent.. Local Recurrence. 806. . Closed follow-up due to rejection of surgical. treatment.. 32. 
534
Case 31
Patient History
Local Recurrence
Patient History and Progress. Female/49 years old, pre-menopause.. Screen detected mass lesion on right breast 1. o’clock direction.. No family history.. No comorbidities.. 31.2. 
523
Case 31
Courses of Treatment
Metastatic Breast Cancer
Courses of Treatment. Right breast cancer → Operation → Adjuvant. therapy → Lung metastasis.. Primary Treatment. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. C-erbB2. Negative (0). Ki-67. Positive in. 85% of tumor. cells. Adjuvant Therapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy #6 cycles (Fluorouracil. & Doxorubicin & Cyclophosphamide).. Post-operative radiation therapy to right breast.. Olaparib & placebo (clinical trial 0040, for. 1 year).. Operation. Nov. 2014 Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (due. to BRCA 1, positive for deleterious mutation).. Treatments After Recurrence
535
Case 31
Patient History
Metastatic Breast Cancer
BRCA 1: positive for deleterious mutation.. S/p bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.. 31.2. 
536
Case 32
Courses of Treatment
Carcinoma In Situ
32.1. . Courses of Treatment. Operation + Postoperative radiation therapy.. Operation. 151. 152. Pathology Report. Ductal carcinoma in situ, pathological TN cat­. egory (AJCC 2017): pTis. . 1. Size of tumor: 4.0 cm (pTis).. . 2. Nuclear grade: high.. . 3. Necrosis: present.. . 4. Architectural pattern: ­. micropapillary/cribri­. form/comedo.. . 5. Skin: no involvement of tumor.. . 6. Surgical margins:. . (a) superior margin: 10 mm,. . (b) inferior margin: 10 mm,. . (c) medial margin: 40 mm,. . (d) lateral margin: 5 mm,. . (e) deep margin: 2 mm,. . (f) superficial margin: 2 mm.. . 7. Microcalcification:. present,. tumoral/non-. tumoral.. Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. Progesterone. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. C-erbB2. Equivocal. (2+). Ki-67. Positive in. 27% of tumor. cells. .
543
Case 32
Important Radiologic
Carcinoma In Situ
Important Radiologic. Findings. 148 149. 150. 32.3. 
548
Case 32
Patient History
Carcinoma In Situ
Patient History and Progress. Female/72 years old, post-menopause.. Screen detected mass lesion on right breast. 8 o’clock direction.. Outside result of biopsy: Ductal carcinoma in. situ.. No family history.. No comorbidities.. 32.2. 
537
Case 32
Courses of Treatment
HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
32.1. . Courses of Treatment. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (#3 cycles of. docetaxel. and. trastuzumab. and. pertu­. zumab)  +  Operation  +  Post-operative radia­. tion therapy  +  Trastuzumab emtansine +. Letrozole 2.5 mg/day.. Operation:. Left. axillary. lymph. node. ­. dissection.. Pathology Report. Metastatic Ductal Carcinoma. . 1. Post-chemotherapy status.. . 2. metastasis in 7 out of 20 axillary lymph nodes. (axillary LN: 7/20).. . 3. perinodal extension: present.. . 4. size of metastatic carcinoma: 40 mm.. Result. Intensity. Positive. %. Estrogen. receptor. Intermediate. (5/8). 2. 10%-. 1/3. Progesterone. receptor. Negative (2/8). 1. <1%. C-erbB2. Positive (3+). Ki-67. Positive in 48%. of tumor cells. S. Park et al.. 409. . . HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
544
Case 32
Important Radiologic
HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. 185 186 187 188. 189. 32.3. 
549
Case 32
Patient History
HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Patient History and Progress. Female/74 years old, post-menopause.. Self-detected mass lesion on left axillary.. No family history.. S/P Tuberculosis, asthma.. 32.2. 
538
Case 32
Courses of Treatment
HR(+) HER2(-) Breast Cancer
Courses of Treatment. Operation  +  Post-operative radiation ther­. apy + Letrozole 2.5 mg/day.. Operation. Right breast conserving surgery, sentinel lymph. ponent: absent).. 4. Skin: no involvement of tumor.. 5. Surgical margins:. . (a) superior margin: 20 mm.. . (b) inferior margin: 40 mm.. . (c) medial margin: 15 mm.. . (d) lateral margin: 20 mm.. . (e) deep margin: 5 mm.. . (f) superficial margin: 10 mm.. 6. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in one axillary. lymph node (pN0(sn)) (sentinel LN: 0/1,. 11. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. pT1cN0(sn).. Result. Intensity. Positive. %. Estrogen. receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. Progesterone. receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. C-erbB2. Negative (0). Ki-67. Positive in 9% of. tumor cells. HR(+) HER2(−) Breast Cancer
545
Case 32
Important Radiologic
HR(+) HER2(-) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. See Figs. 175, 176, 177 and 178.. 32.3. 
550
Case 32
Patient History
HR(+) HER2(-) Breast Cancer
o’clock direction.. No family history.. Hypertension, s/p bronchiectasis, s/p left hip. arthroplasty.. 32.2. 
539
Case 32
Courses of Treatment
HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
32.1. . Courses of Treatment. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (#5 cycles of. docetaxel and carboplatin and trastuzumab and. pertuzumab after followed #1 cycle of trastu­. zumab and pertuzumab)  +  Operation  +  Post-­. operative radiation therapy + Trastuzumab.. Operation. 220. Pathology Report. No residual tumor with stromal degeneration.. . 1. Post-chemotherapy status.. . 2. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in three axillary. lymph nodes (ypN0(sn)) (sentinel LN: 0/3).. Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Negative. (2/8). 1. <1%. Progesterone. receptor. Negative. (2/8). 1. <1%. C-erbB2. Positive (3+). Ki-67. Positive in. 45% of tumor. cells. Y. Kwon et al.. 549. a. b. . 33. 
546
Case 32
Important Radiologic
HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. 214 215. 216. 32.3. . After Neoadjuvant. Chemotherapy. 217 218. 219. Y. Kwon et al.. 547. . . ­. . HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer. 548. . . 32.4. 
551
Case 32
Patient History
HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Patient History and Progress. Female/55 years old, post-menopause.. Screen detected mass lesion on right breast 8. o’clock direction.. No family history.. Hypertension, thyroid nodules.. 32.2. 
540
Case 32
Courses of Treatment
HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer
32.1. . Courses of Treatment. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (#4  cycles of. doxorubicin and ­. cyclophosphamide + #4 cycles. of docetaxel)  +  Operation  +  Post-operative. radiation therapy + Adjuvant capecitabine.. . ­. . HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer. 694. . . Operation. 242. Pathology Report. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. 1. Post-chemotherapy status.. 2. Size of tumor: 2.7 cm (ypT2).. 3. Histologic grade: 3/3 (tubule formation: 3/3,. nuclear pleomorphism: 3/3, mitotic count:. 3/3, 20/10HPF).. 4. Intraductal component: absent.. 5. Skin: dermal involvement of tumor.. E. S. Lee et al.. 695. 6. Nipple: no involvement of tumor.. 7. Surgical margins:. . (a) Deep margin: 22 mm.. . (b) Superficial margin: 7 mm.. 8. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in 14 axillary. lymph nodes (ypN0) (sentinel LN: 0/1, non-­. sentinel LN: 0/13).. 9. Arteriovenous invasion: absent.. . 10. Lymphovascular invasion: absent.. . 11. Tumor border: infiltrative.. . 12. Microcalcification: absent.. . 13. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. ypT2N0.. Result. Intensity. Positive. %. Estrogen. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. Progesterone. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. C-erbB2. Negative (0). Ki-67. Positive in 75%. of tumor cells. 33. 
547
Case 32
Important Radiologic
HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. 234 235 236. 237. . HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer. 692. . ­. . ­. . E. S. Lee et al.. 693. . After Neoadjuvant. Chemotherapy. 238 239 240. 241. 32.3. 
552
Case 32
Patient History
HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer
Patient History and Progress. Female/49 years old, pre-menopause.. Self-detected mass lesion on left breast.. Family history of breast cancer, aunt and. cousin (paternal).. Family history of prostate cancer, father.. Hyperthyroidism.. BRCA 1 and 2 mutation: Not detected.. 32.2. 
541
Case 32
Courses of Treatment
Local Recurrence
32.1. . Courses of Treatment. Right breast DCIS → Operation → Adjuvant. therapy → Right breast recurrence (tubular. carcinoma + DCIS).. Primary Treatment. Operation. Aug. 2014 Right breast wide excision (outside).. Pathology Report. Ductal carcinoma in situ involving intraductal. papilloma. . 1. Nuclear grade: low.. . 2. Necrosis: absent.. . 3. Architectural pattern: papillary/cribriform.. Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. Progesterone. receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. C-erbB2. Negative (1+). Ki-67. Positive in. 10.8% of tumor. cells. Adjuvant Therapy. Postoperative radiation therapy.. Tamoxifen 20 mg/day for 2 years.. Treatments After Recurrence. 221. 222. Operation. 223. Pathology Report. Tubular Carcinoma. 1. Post-lumpectomy status.. 2. Size of invasive component: 0.2 cm (rpT1a).. 3. Size of intraductal component: 1.0 cm.. 4. Histologic grade: 1/3 (tubule formation: 1/3,. nuclear pleomorphism: 2/3, mitotic count:. 1/3, 6/10HPF).. 5. Intraductal component: present, intratu­. moral/extratumoral (90%) (nuclear grade:. low, necrosis: present, architectural pattern:. micropapillary/cribriform/comedo,. exten­. sive intraductal component: present).. 6. Skin: no involvement of tumor.. Y. Kim et al.. 807. . ­. . . ­. 7. Surgical margins:. . (a) Superior margin: 10 mm.. . (b) Inferior margin: 10 mm.. . (c) Medial margin: <1 mm from tubular car­. cinoma (slide 5).. . (d) Lateral margin: 10 mm.. . (e) Deep margin: 2 mm.. . (f) Superficial margin: 2 mm.. 8. Arteriovenous invasion: absent.. 9. Lymphovascular invasion: absent.. . 10. Tumor border: infiltrative.. . 11. Microcalcification:. present,. tumoral/. non-tumoral.. . 12. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. rpT1a.. Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Negative (2/8). 1. <1%. Progesterone. receptor. Negative (2/8). 1. <1%. C-erbB2. Negative (1+). Ki-67. Positive in 7%. of tumor cells. Operation. ­. 224. Local Recurrence. 808. a. b. . Pathology Report. Ductal Carcinoma In Situ, residual. . 1. Post-excision status.. . 2. Size of tumor: 0.2 cm.. . 3. Nuclear grade: low.. . 4. Necrosis: present.. . 5. Architectural pattern: cribriform/solid/comedo.. . 6. Surgical margins:. . (a) Nipple margin: (see note).. . (b) Deep margin: 3 mm.. . (c) Superficial margin: 2 mm.. . 7. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in one axillary. lymph node (pN0(sn)) (sentinel LN: 0/1).. . 8. Microcalcification: absent.. Note: 1. Atypical ductal hyperplasia is present. in the section of Fro 1.. 33. 
553
Case 32
Patient History
Local Recurrence
Patient History and Progress. Female/42 years old, pre-menopause.. Screen detected mass lesion on right breast. . 12 o’clock direction.. Outside result of lumpectomy: Ductal carci­. noma in situ.. No family history.. No comorbidities.. BRCA 2 VUS (variant of uncertain).. 32.2. 
542
Case 32
Courses of Treatment
Metastatic Breast Cancer
Courses of Treatment. Left breast cancer → Operation → Adjuvant. therapy → Lung metastasis.. Primary Treatment. receptor. Intermediate. (4/7). 2. 10%–1/3. Progesterone. receptor. Strong (6/7). 3. 1/3–2/3–. C-erbB2. Positive (3+). Ki-67. Positive in. 20% of tumor. cells. Y. Kwon et al.. & Doxorubicin & Cyclophosphamide).. Post-operative radiation therapy to left breast. + Zoladex for 2 years + Tamoxifen 20 mg/day for. 5 years.. Treatments After Recurrence. 1/3–2/3. Progesterone. receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. C-erbB2. Positive (3+). Ki-67. Positive in. 14% of tumor. cells. Palliative Therapy. Palliative therapy # 37 cycles (Paclitaxel &. Trastuzumab).. Palliative therapy # 38 cycles (Trastuzumab) ~. Metastatic Breast Cancer
554
Case 32
Patient History
Metastatic Breast Cancer
Patient History and Progress. Female/49 years old, peri-menopause.. No family history.. 32.2. 
555
Case 33
Courses of Treatment
Carcinoma In Situ
33.1. . Courses of Treatment:. Operation. Operation. 155. 156. Pathology Report. <First operation>. Ductal carcinoma in situ, pathological TN cat­. egory (AJCC 2017): pTis. . 1. Size of tumor: 0.5 cm (pTis).. . 2. Nuclear grade: low.. . 3. Necrosis: absent.. . 4. Architectural pattern: papillary/cribriform.. . 5. Skin: no involvement of tumor.. . 6. Surgical margins:. . (a) superior margin: 10 mm,. . (b) inferior margin: 10 mm,. . (c) medial margin: 5 mm,. . (d) lateral margin: positive (Fro 5) (see Note),. . (e) deep margin: 2 mm,. . (f) superficial margin: 2 mm.. . 7. Microcalcification:. present,. tumoral/non-. tumoral.. Note: 1. Ductal carcinoma in situ is present. only in the permanent section of Fro 5.. Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. Progesterone. receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. C-erbB2. Negative (0). Ki-67. Positive in. 4% of tumor. cells. <Second operation>. Atypical ductal hyperplasia involving intra­. ductal papilloma.. . 1. with a) foreign body reaction,. . 2. b) fat necrosis.. . (a) Post-excision status.. . . ­. ­. Carcinoma In Situ. 126. a. b. . a. b. . 34. 
562
Case 33
Important Radiologic
Carcinoma In Situ
Important Radiologic. Findings. 153. 154. 33.3. 
567
Case 33
Patient History
Carcinoma In Situ
Patient History and Progress. Female/68 years old, post-menopause.. Bloody nipple discharge from right breast.. No family history.. S/P Hysterectomy.. 33.2. 
556
Case 33
Courses of Treatment
HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Courses of Treatment. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (#6 cycles of. docetaxel and carboplatin and trastuzumab. and pertuzumab)  +  Operation  +  Post-­. operative. radiation. ther­. apy + Trastuzumab + Tamoxifen 20 mg/day.. 194. Pathology Report. Invasive ductal carcinoma, histologic grade 2.. No residual tumor with stromal degeneration.. . 1. Post-chemotherapy status.. . 2. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in four axillary. lymph nodes (ypN0(sn)) (sentinel LN: 0/4).. Result. Intensity. Positive. %. Estrogen. receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. Progesterone. receptor. Weak (3/8). 1. 1–10%. C-erbB2. Equivocal (2+). Ki-67. Positive in 46%. of tumor cells. SISH. Positive. HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer. 413. . HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer. 414. . a. b. . S. Park et al.. 415. 34. 
563
Case 33
Important Radiologic
HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. 190 191 192. 193. 33.3. 
568
Case 33
Patient History
HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Self-detected palpable mass lesion on left. breast.. No family history.. No comorbidities.. 33.2. 
557
Case 33
Courses of Treatment
HR(+) HER2(-) Breast Cancer
Courses of Treatment. Operation  +  Post-operative radiation ther­. apy + Tamoxifen 20 mg/day.. Y. Kim et al.. micropapillary/cribriform, extensive intra­. ductal component: present).. 5. Skin: no involvement of tumor.. HR(+) HER2(−) Breast Cancer. . (e) deep margin: 3 mm.. . (f) superficial margin: 5 mm.. Y. Kim et al.. 279. 7. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in three axillary. lymph nodes (pN0(sn)) (sentinel LN: 0/1,. axillary LN: 0/2). 8. Arteriovenous invasion: absent.. 9. Lymphovascular invasion: absent.. . 10. Tumor border: infiltrative.. . 11. Microcalcification: absent.. . 12. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. pT1aN0(sn).. Result. Intensity. Positive. %. Estrogen. receptor. Strong (7/8). 3. >2/3. Progesterone. receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. C-erbB2. Negative (1+). Ki-67. Positive in 5% of. tumor cells. 34. 
564
Case 33
Important Radiologic
HR(+) HER2(-) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. See Figs. 180, 181, 182, 183 and 184.. 33.3. 
569
Case 33
Patient History
HR(+) HER2(-) Breast Cancer
Restless legs.. 33.2. 
558
Case 33
Courses of Treatment
HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
33.1. . tion therapy + Trastuzumab.. Operation. 228. Pathology Report. . 1. No residual tumor with foamy histiocytic. collection.. . (a) Post-chemotherapy status.. . (b) Lymph nodes: no metastasis in four axil­. lary lymph nodes (ypN0(sn)) (sentinel. LN: 0/4).. . (c) Microcalcification:. present,. tumoral/. non-tumoral.. . (d) Related slides: C21-518.. . 2. Intraductal papilloma.. Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Negative (2/8). 1. <1%. Progesterone. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. C-erbB2. Positive (3+). Ki-67. Positive in 22%. of tumor cells. 34. 
565
Case 33
Important Radiologic
HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. 221 222 223. 224. HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer. . HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer. 552. . 33.3. . After Neoadjuvant. Chemotherapy. 225 226. 227. Y. Kwon et al.
570
Case 33
Patient History
HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Patient History and Progress. Female/63 years old, post-menopause.. Self-detected palpable mass lesion on left. breast 2 o’clock direction.. No family history.. Hypertension, chronic kidney disease, ven­. tricular premature contraction.. 33.2. 
559
Case 33
Courses of Treatment
HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer
33.1. . Courses of Treatment. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (#4  cycles of. doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide  +  #4. cycles of docetaxel)  +  Operation  +  Post-. operative radiation therapy.. Operation. 251. Pathology Report. Atypical ductal hyperplasia, focal. . 1. Post-chemotherapy status.. . 2. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in one axillary. lymph node (ypN0(sn)) (sentinel LN: 0/1).. Result. Intensity. Positive. %. Estrogen. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. Progesterone. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. C-erbB2. Negative (1+). Ki-67. Positive in 61%. of tumor cells. E. S. Lee et al.. 697. . . . HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer. 698. . . E. S. Lee et al.. 699. 34. 
566
Case 33
Important Radiologic
HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. 243 244 245. 246. . ­. HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer. 696. . . ­. . After Neoadjuvant. Chemotherapy. 247 248 249. 250. 33.3. 
571
Case 33
Patient History
HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer
Patient History and Progress. Female/52 years old, post-menopause.. Screen detected mass lesion on left breast 11. o’clock direction.. No family history.. s/p cervical cancer (stage 0).. BRCA 1 and 2 mutation: Not detected.. 33.2. 
560
Case 33
Courses of Treatment
Local Recurrence
33.1. . Courses of Treatmaent. Left breast IDC → Neoadjuvant chemotherapy. → Operation → Adjuvant therapy → Left breast. recurrence (IDC).. Primary Treatment. 225 226 227. 228. Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy #6 cycles of trastu­. zumab and pertuzumab and docetaxel and. carboplatin.. Operation. ­. 229. Pathology Report. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. 1. Post-chemotherapy status.. 2. Size of tumor: 3.5 cm, 1.4 cm (ypT2(2)).. 3. Histologic grade: 3/3 (tubule formation: 3/3,. nuclear pleomorphism: 3/3, mitotic count:. 3/3, 30/10HPF).. 4. Intraductal component: present, extratumoral. (10%) (nuclear grade: high, necrosis: pres­. ent, architectural pattern: micropapillary/. solid/comedo, extensive intraductal compo­. nent: absent).. 5. Skin: no involvement of tumor.. Y. Kim et al.. 809. . ­. . . . 6. Surgical margins:. . (a) Superior margin: 30 mm.. . (b) Inferior margin: 6 mm.. . (c) Medial margin: 15 mm.. . (d) Lateral margin: (see note 1).. . (e) Deep margin: 6 mm.. . (f) Superficial margin: <1  mm from inva­. sive ductal carcinoma (slide 12).. 7. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in 3 axillary. lymph nodes (ypN0(sn)) (sentinel LN: 0/3).. 8. Arteriovenous invasion: absent.. 9. Lymphovascular. invasion:. present,. ­. intratumoral/peritumoral.. . 10. Tumor border: infiltrative.. . 11. Microcalcification: present, tumoral.. . 12. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. ypT2(2)N0(sn).. Local Recurrence. 810. . . ­. Note: 1. The lateral margin of the lumpec­. tomy specimen (slide 16) is close to ductal car­. cinoma in situ (1.5  mm), but this margin. submitted for frozen diagnosis (Fro 7) is free. of tumor.. Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. Progesterone. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. C-erbB2. Positive (3+). Ki-67. Positive in 59%. of tumor cells. Adjuvant Therapy. Postoperative radiation therapy.. Trastuzumab for 1 year.. Treatments After Recurrence. 230. Operation. 231. Pathology Report. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. 1. Post-lumpectomy status.. 2. Size of tumor: 1.8 cm (rpT1c).. 3. Histologic grade: 3/3 (tubule formation: 3/3,. nuclear pleomorphism: 3/3, mitotic count:. 3/3, 22/10HPF).. 4. Intraductal component: present, intratumoral. (5%) (nuclear grade: high, necrosis: absent,. architectural pattern: solid, extensive intra­. ductal component: absent).. 5. Surgical margins:. . (a) Superior margin: 15 mm.. . (b) Inferior margin: positive for invasive. ductal carcinoma (slide 2).. . (c) Medial margin: 10 mm.. . (d) Lateral margin: positive for invasive. ductal carcinoma (slide 4).. . (e) Deep margin: 1 mm from invasive ductal. carcinoma (slide 3).. . (f) Superficial margin: 5 mm.. Y. Kim et al.. 811. a. b. . . 6. Arteriovenous invasion: absent.. 7. Lymphovascular invasion: absent.. 8. Tumor border: infiltrative.. 9. Microcalcification: present, tumoral.. . 10. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. rpT1cNx.. Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. Progesterone. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. C-erbB2. Positive (3+). Ki-67. Positive in 27%. of tumor cells. Operation. 232. Pathology Report. Lateral Margin. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma, residual. . 1. Post-lumpectomy and excision status.. . 2. Size of tumor: 0.6 cm.. . 3. Histologic grade: 3/3 (tubule formation: 3/3,. nuclear pleomorphism: 3/3, mitotic count:. 3/3, 22/10HPF).. . 4. Intraductal component: present, intratumoral. (20%) (nuclear grade: high, necrosis: absent,. architectural pattern: solid, extensive intra­. ductal component: absent).. . 5. Surgical margins:. . (a) Lateral margin: (see note).. . 6. Vascular invasion: absent.. . 7. Lymphatic invasion: absent.. . 8. Tumor border: infiltrative.. . 9. Microcalcification: absent.. Inferior Margin. No residual tumor. . 1. Post-lumpectomy and excision status.. Note: The lateral margin of the lumpectomy. specimen (slide 4) is close to ductal carcinoma in. situ (4 mm), but this margin submitted for frozen. diagnosis (Fro 2) is free of tumor.. Adjuvant Therapy. Chemotherapy #14  cycles of T-DM1 (trastu­. zumab emtansine).. Local Recurrence. 812. 34. 
572
Case 33
Patient History
Local Recurrence
Patient History and Progress. Female/45 years old, pre-menopause.. Screen detected mass lesion on upper inner. portion of left breast.. Outside result of biopsy: Invasive ductal. carcinoma.. Family history of breast cancer, mother at her. 50 years old.. S/P. Hysterectomy,. s/p. bilateral. breast. augmentation.. 33.2. 
561
Case 33
Courses of Treatment
Metastatic Breast Cancer
Courses of Treatment. Right breast cancer → Operation → Adjuvant. therapy → Bone metastasis.. Primary Treatment. Estrogen. receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. Progesterone. receptor. Intermediate. (5/8). 2. 10%–. 1/3. Result. Intensity. Positive %. C-erbB2. Equivocal (2+). Ki-67. Positive in 7%. of tumor cells. SISH. Positive. Adjuvant Therapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy #8 cycles (Doxorubicin. & cyclophosphamide #4 → Docetaxel #4).. Post-operative radiation therapy to right breast. +Tamoxifen 20 mg/day for 5 years.. Treatments After Recurrence. invasion.. Palliative Therapy. Radiation therapy to L-spine & T-spine & sacrum.. Palliative Capecitabine & lapatinib (Jul. 2021) ~. Y. Kwon et al.
573
Case 33
Patient History
Metastatic Breast Cancer

574
Case 34
Courses of Treatment
Carcinoma In Situ
34.1. . Courses of Treatment:. Operation. Operation. 161. 162. Pathology Report. <First operation>. Ductal carcinoma in situ, pathological TN cat­. egory (AJCC 2017): pTis. . 1. Size of tumor: 0.5 cm (pTis).. . 2. Nuclear grade: low.. . 3. Necrosis: absent.. . 4. Architectural pattern: papillary/cribriform.. . 5. Surgical margins:. E. S. Lee et al.. 127. . . . . a. b. . Carcinoma In Situ. 128. a. b. . . (a) superior margin: 15 mm,. . (b) inferior margin: 30 mm,. . (c) medial margin: 15 mm,. . (d) lateral margin: 15 mm,. . (e) deep margin: 8 mm,. . (f) superficial margin: 8 mm.. . 6. Microcalcification: absent.. <Second operation>. Right.. Lobular carcinoma in situ, pathological TN. category (AJCC 2017): pTis. . 1. Size of tumor: 0.7 cm (pTis).. . 2. Nuclear grade: low.. . 3. Necrosis: absent.. . 4. Architectural pattern: solid.. . 5. Surgical margins: positive for lobular carci­. noma in situ at the nearest resection margin. (slide 1).. . 6. Microcalcification: absent.. E. S. Lee et al.. 129. . . Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Weak (4/8). 1. 10%−1/3. Progesterone. receptor. Weak (4/8). 1. 10%−1/3. C-erbB2. Equivocal. (2+). Ki-67. Positive in. 3% of tumor. cells. Left.. Intraductal papilloma.. 35. 
581
Case 34
Important Radiologic
Carcinoma In Situ
Important Radiologic. Findings. 157 158 159. 160. 34.3. 
586
Case 34
Patient History
Carcinoma In Situ
Patient History and Progress. Female/53 years old, pre-menopause.. Screen detected mass lesion on upper outer of. right breast.. No family history.. S/P Total gastrectomy (gastric cancer), micro­. papillary thyroid carcinoma (follow-up).. BRCA 1 and 2: Not examination.. 34.2. 
575
Case 34
Courses of Treatment
HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
34.1. . Courses of Treatment. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (#6 cycles of. docetaxel and carboplatin and trastuzumab. and pertuzumab)  +  Operation  +  Post-­. operative radiation therapy  +  Trastuzumab. and Pertuzumab + Letrozole 2.5 mg/day.. 201. Pathology Report. Invasive ductal carcinoma, histologic grade 2.. No residual tumor with stromal degeneration. . 1. Post-chemotherapy status.. . 2. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in three axillary. lymph nodes (pN0(sn)) (sentinel LN: 0/3).. Result. Intensity. Positive. %. Estrogen. receptor. Intermediate. (6/8). 3. 10%-. 1/3. Progesterone. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. C-erbB2. Positive (3+). Ki-67. Positive in 61%. of tumor cells. . HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer. 416. . . ­. S. Park et al.. 417. . . . HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer. 418. a. b. . 35. 
582
Case 34
Important Radiologic
HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. 195 196 197 198 199. 200. 34.3. 
587
Case 34
Patient History
HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Patient History and Progress. Female/55 years old, post-menopause.. Self-detected palpable mass lesion on right. breast 9 o’clock direction.. No family history.. No comorbidities.. 34.2. 
576
Case 34
Courses of Treatment
HR(+) HER2(-) Breast Cancer
34.1. . Courses of Treatment. Operation. Right nipple–areolar complex sparing mastec­. tomy with immediate implant reconstruction,. sentinel lymph node biopsy, left nipple–areo­. lar complex sparing mastectomy with immedi­. ate implant reconstruction (Figs. 190, 191 and. 192).. Pathology Report. [Right]. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. 1. Size of tumor: 1.8 cm (pT1c).. 2. Histologic grade: 3/3 (tubule formation: 3/3,. nuclear pleomorphism: 3/3, mitotic count:. noma in situ (slide 1).. . (b) superficial margin: 5 mm.. 6. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in one axillary. lymph node (pN0(sn)) (sentinel LN: 0/1). 7. Arteriovenous invasion: absent.. Y. Kim et al.. non-tumoral.. . 11. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. pT1cN0(sn).. Result. Intensity. Positive. %. Estrogen. receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. Progesterone. receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. C-erbB2. Equivocal (2+). (SISH negative). Ki-67. Positive in 14%. of tumor cells. [Left]. Fibrocystic change.. 35. 
583
Case 34
Important Radiologic
HR(+) HER2(-) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. See Figs. 186, 187, 188 and 189.. 34.3. 
588
Case 34
Patient History
HR(+) HER2(-) Breast Cancer
Patient History and Progress. Female/43 years old, pre-menopause.. Screen for high risk for breast cancer.. Family history of breast cancer, mother.. Pancreatic cancer, maternal uncle.. No comorbidities.. BRCA 1 mutation carrier.. 34.2. 
577
Case 34
Courses of Treatment
HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
34.1. . Courses of Treatment. Operation + Adjuvant chemotherapy (#4 cycles. of. doxorubicin. +. cyclophosphamide). +. Operation + Trastuzumab.. Operation. 233. Pathology Report. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. 1. Size of tumor: 1.5 cm (pT1c(Paget)).. 2. Histologic grade: 3/3 (tubule formation: 3/3,. nuclear pleomorphism: 3/3, mitotic count:. 2/3, 11/10HPF).. 3. Intraductal component: absent.. 4. Nipple: Paget disease.. 5. Skin: no involvement of tumor.. Y. Kwon et al.. 557. a. b. . 6. Surgical margins: deep margin: 2 mm.. 7. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in one axillary. lymph node (pN0(sn)) (sentinel LN: 0/1).. 8. Arteriovenous invasion: absent.. 9. Lymphovascular invasion: present, intratu­. moral.. . 10. Tumor border: infiltrative.. . 11. Microcalcification: present, tumoral/non-. tumoral.. . 12. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. pT1c(Paget)N0(sn).. HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer. 558. . Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Negative (2/8). 1. <1%. Progesterone. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. C-erbB2. Positive (3+). Ki-67. Positive in 25%. of tumor cells. 35. 
584
Case 34
Important Radiologic
HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. 229 230 231. 232. . HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer. 556. . ­. . . 34.3. 
589
Case 34
Patient History
HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Patient History and Progress. Female/54 years old, post-menopause.. Self-detected palpable mass lesion on left. breast.. No family history.. S/P. unilateral. salpingo-oophorectomy,. dyslipidemia.. HR(−) HER2(+) Breast Cancer. 554. a. b. . Y. Kwon et al.. 555. 34.2. 
578
Case 34
Courses of Treatment
HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer
34.1. . Courses of Treatment. Operation  +  Adjuvant chemotherapy (#1. cycles of docetaxel and cyclophosphamide,. stop d/t mucositis).. Operation. 255. Pathology Report. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma associated with. paraffinoma. 1. Size of tumor: 3.0 cm (pT2).. . . E. S. Lee et al.. 701. 2. Histologic grade: 3/3 (tubule formation: 3/3,. nuclear pleomorphism: 3/3, mitotic count:. 2/3, 8/10HPF).. 3. Intraductal component: absent.. 4. Skin and nipple: no involvement of tumor.. 5. Surgical margins:. . (a) Deep margin: 10 mm.. . (b) Superficial margin: 21 mm.. 6. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in five axillary. lymph nodes (pN0(sn)) (sentinel LN: 0/5).. 7. Arteriovenous invasion: absent.. 8. Lymphovascular invasion: absent.. 9. Tumor border: infiltrative.. . 10. Microcalcification: absent.. . 11. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. pT2N0(sn).. Result. Intensity. Positive. %. Estrogen. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. Progesterone. receptor. Negative (0/8). 0. 0. C-erbB2. Negative (0). Ki-67. Positive in 23%. of tumor cells. 35. 
585
Case 34
Important Radiologic
HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. 252 253. 254. . . HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer. 700. 34.3. 
590
Case 34
Patient History
HR(−) HER2(−) Breast Cancer
Patient History and Progress. Female/79 years old, post-menopause.. Screen detected mass lesion on left breast 12. o’clock direction.. No family history.. S/P paraffin injection, s/p appendectomy, s/p. hysterectomy, s/p hemicolectomy (colon cancer).. S/P radical total gastrostomy (advanced gas­. tric cancer).. BRCA 1 and 2 mutation: Not detected,. BARD1 VUS (variant of uncertain).. 34.2. 
579
Case 34
Courses of Treatment
Local Recurrence
34.1. . Courses of Treatment. Right breast IDC → Operation → Adjuvant. therapy → Right breast recurrence (IDC).. Primary Treatment. 233 234. 235. Operation. 236. Pathology Report. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. 1. Size of invasive component: 0.7 cm (pT1b).. 2. Size of intraductal component: 1.0 cm.. 3. Histologic grade: 2/3 (tubule formation: 3/3,. nuclear pleomorphism: 2/3, mitotic count:. 1/3, 3/10HPF).. 4. Intraductal component: present, extratumoral. (60%) (nuclear grade: low, necrosis: present,. architectural pattern: papillary/cribriform,. extensive intraductal component: absent).. 5. Skin: no involvement of tumor.. 6. Surgical margins:. . (a) Superior margin: 28 mm.. . (b) Inferior margin: 12 mm.. . (c) Medial margin: 10 mm.. . (d) Lateral margin: 30 mm.. . . . Y. Kim et al.. 813. a. b. . . . (e) Deep margin: <1 mm from ductal carci­. noma in situ (slide 7).. . (f) Superficial margin: 13 mm.. 7. Arteriovenous invasion: absent.. 8. Lymphovascular invasion: absent.. 9. Tumor border: infiltrative.. . 10. Microcalcification: present, non-tumoral.. . 11. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. pT1b.. Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Intermediate. (6/8). 2. 1/3–2/3. Progesterone. receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. C-erbB2. Positive (3+). Ki-67. Positive in 53%. of tumor cells. Adjuvant Therapy. Postoperative radiation therapy.. Tamoxifen 20 mg/day for 1.8 years.. Treatments After Recurrence. 237. 238. Operation. ­. 239. Pathology Report. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. 1. Post-lumpectomy status.. 2. Size of tumor: 2.1 cm, multifocal (rpT2).. 3. Histologic grade: 3/3 (tubule formation: 3/3,. nuclear pleomorphism: 3/3, mitotic count:. 3/3, 4/1HPF).. 4. Intraductal component: present, intratu­. moral/extratumoral (50%) (nuclear grade:. high, necrosis: present, architectural pattern:. papillary/micropapillary/cribriform/solid/. comedo, extensive intraductal component:. present).. 5. Skin: no involvement of tumor.. 6. Surgical margins:. Local Recurrence. 814. . (a) Deep margin: <1 mm from ductal carci­. noma in situ (slides 1 and 3).. . (b) Superficial margin: positive for invasive. ductal carcinoma (slide 5).. 7. Arteriovenous invasion: absent.. 8. Lymphovascular. invasion:. present,. intratumoral.. 9. Tumor border: infiltrative.. . 10. Microcalcification:. present,. tumoral/. non-tumoral.. . 11. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. rpT2.. Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Strong (7/8). 2. >2/3. Progesterone. receptor. Strong (7/8). 3. 1/3–2/3. C-erbB2. Positive (3+). Ki-67. Positive in 51%. of tumor cells. Adjuvant Therapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy #4 cycles of doxorubicin. and cyclophosphamide.. Trastuzumab for 1 year.. Letrozole 2.5 mg/day.. . . Y. Kim et al.. 815. 35. 
591
Case 34
Patient History
Local Recurrence
Patient History and Progress. Female/47 years old, pre-menopause.. Screen detected microcalcification on upper. outer portion of right breast.. Family history of ovarian cancer mother.. No comorbidities.. BRCA 1 and 2 mutation: Not detected.. 34.2. 
580
Case 34
Courses of Treatment
Metastatic Breast Cancer
Courses of Treatment. Left breast cancer → Operation → Adjuvant. therapy → Right pleural, liver, right adrenal. gland, bone metastasis → Brain metastasis.. Primary Treatment. (0/8). 0. 0. Progesterone. receptor. Negative. (0/8). 0. 0. C-erbB2. Equivocal. (2+). Ki-67. Positive. in 46% of. tumor. cells. SISH. Positive. Adjuvant Therapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy #8 cycles (Doxorubicin. & cyclophosphamide #4 → Docetaxel & trastu­. zumab #4).. Post-operative radiation therapy to left breast.. Concurrent Trastuzumab #13.. Treatments After Recurrence. Palliative Therapy. Radiation therapy to brain.. Palliative therapy #6 (Pertuzumab & trastu­. zumab & Docetaxel) ~. 35. 
592
Case 34
Patient History
Metastatic Breast Cancer
No family history.. 34.2. 
593
Case 35
Courses of Treatment
Carcinoma In Situ
35.1. . Courses of Treatment. Operation + Tamoxifen 20 mg/day for 5 years.. Operation. 165. 166. Pathology Report. Lobular carcinoma in situ, pathological TN. category (AJCC 2017): pTis. . 1. Size of tumor: 0.5 cm (pTis).. . 2. Nuclear grade: low.. . 3. Necrosis: absent.. . 4. Architectural pattern: solid.. . 5. Skin: no involvement of tumor.. . 6. Surgical margins:. . (a) superior margin: 5 mm,. . (b) inferior margin: 5 mm,. . (c) medial margin: 10 mm,. . (d) lateral margin: 10 mm,. . (e) deep margin: 2 mm,. . (f) superficial margin: 2 mm.. . 7. Microcalcification:. present,. tumoral/non-. tumoral.. Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Strong (7/8). 3. 1/3–2/3. Progesterone. receptor. Strong (7/8). 3. 1/3–2/3. C-erbB2. Equivocal. (2+). Ki-67. Positive in. 2% of tumor. cells. Carcinoma In Situ. 130. a. b. . a. b. . ­. 36. 
600
Case 35
Important Radiologic
Carcinoma In Situ
Important Radiologic. Findings. 163. 164. 35.3. 
605
Case 35
Patient History
Carcinoma In Situ
Patient History and Progress. Female/59 years old, post-menopause.. Screen detected ductal dilatation on left breast. 12 o’clock direction.. No family history.. S/P Hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-­. oophorectomy, S/P total thyroidectomy (thyroid. cancer), hypertension.. 35.2. 
594
Case 35
Courses of Treatment
HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
35.1. . Courses of Treatment. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (#6 cycles of. docetaxel and carboplatin and trastuzumab. S. Park et al.. 209. 210. Pathology Report. Invasive ductal carcinoma, histologic grade 3.. No residual tumor with stromal degeneration.. . 1. Post-chemotherapy status.. . 2. Lymph nodes: no metastasis in seven axillary. lymph nodes (ypN0) (axillary LN (Fro 4): 0/4,. axillary LN: 0/3).. Result. Intensity Positive %. Estrogen. receptor. Intermediate. (5/8). 2. 10%-1/3. Progesterone. receptor. Intermediate. (6/8). 2. 10%-1/3. C-erbB2. Positive (3+). Ki-67. Positive in. 49% of tumor. cells. . S. Park et al.. 421. . HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer. 422. . ­. . . . S. Park et al.. 423. a. b. . a. b. . HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer. 424. 36. 
601
Case 35
Important Radiologic
HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. 202 203 204 205 206 207. 208. 35.3. 
606
Case 35
Patient History
HR(+) HER2(+) Breast Cancer
Patient History and Progress. Female/39 years old, pre-menopause.. Self-detected skin change and palpable mass. lesion on right breast 9:30 o’clock direction.. No family history.. No comorbidities.. BRCA 1 and 2 mutation: Not detected.. 35.2. 
595
Case 35
Courses of Treatment
HR(+) HER2(-) Breast Cancer
35.1. . cribriform/solid/comedo, extensive intra­. ductal component: present).. 5. Skin: no involvement of tumor.. 6. Surgical margins:. . (a) superior margin: 15 mm.. . (b) inferior margin: 15 mm.. . (c) medial margin: 10 mm.. . (d) lateral margin: 10 mm.. . (e) deep margin: 2 mm.. . (f) superficial margin: 2 mm.. 7. Lymph nodes:. . (a) metastasis in two out of five axillary. lymph nodes (ypN1a(sn)) (sentinel LN:. 2/2, axillary LN: 0/3). HR(+) HER2(−) Breast Cancer. . 10. Tumor border: infiltrative.. . 11. Microcalcification:. present,. tumoral/. non-tumoral.. . 12. Pathological TN category (AJCC 2017):. ypT1cN1a(sn).. Result. Intensity. Positive %. Estrogen receptor. Strong (7/8). 2. >2/3. Progesterone receptor. Strong (8/8). 3. >2/3. C-erbB2. Negative (1+). Ki-67. Positive in 8% of tumor cells. HR(+) HER2(−) Breast Cancer. 286. 36. 
602
Case 35
Important Radiologic
HR(+) HER2(-) Breast Cancer
Important Radiologic. Findings. See Figs. 193, 194, 195, 196 and 197.. Y. Kim et al.