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wikidoc
Wrap rage
Wrap rage Wrap rage (or wrapping rage or package rage) is the common name for heightened levels of anger, frustration and violence resulting from the inability to open hard-to-remove packaging. In 2006, Consumer Reports magazine officially recognized the "wrap rage" phenomenon when it created the Oyster Awards for the ...
Wrap rage Wrap rage (or wrapping rage or package rage) is the common name for heightened levels of anger, frustration and violence resulting from the inability to open hard-to-remove packaging.[1] In 2006, Consumer Reports magazine officially recognized the "wrap rage" phenomenon when it created the Oyster Awards for ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Wrap_rage
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wikidoc
Yohimbine
Yohimbine Yohimbine, also known under the antiquated names quebrachin, aphrodin, corynine, yohimvetol and hydroergotocin, is a purported aphrodisiac. # Function ## Aphrodisiac The NIH states that Yohimbine hydrochloride is the standardized form of yohimbine that is available as a prescription medicine in the United S...
Yohimbine Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [6] Yohimbine, also known under the antiquated names quebrachin, aphrodin, corynine, yohimvetol and hydroergotocin, is a purported aphrodisiac. # Function ## Aphrodisiac The NIH states that Yohimbine hydrochloride is the standardized form of yohimbine that is ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Yohimbe
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wikidoc
Zomepirac
Zomepirac # Overview Zomepirac is an orally effective NSAID that has antipyretic actions. It was developed by McNeil Pharmaceutical and approved by the FDA in 1980 and sold as the sodium salt, zomepirac sodium, under the brand name Zomax. Due to its clinical effectiveness, it was preferred by doctors in many situati...
Zomepirac Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Zomepirac is an orally effective NSAID that has antipyretic actions. It was developed by McNeil Pharmaceutical and approved by the FDA in 1980 and sold as the sodium salt, zomepirac sodium, under the brand name Zomax. Due to its clinical effect...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Zomepirac
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wikidoc
Zone diet
Zone diet The Zone diet is a diet popularized in books by Barry Sears. It advocates balancing protein and carbohydrate in 3:4 ratios. It is not primarily a weight-loss "diet", though it can be used quite successfully for that purpose . # 'The Zone' The diet centers on a "40:30:30" ratio of calories obtained daily from...
Zone diet The Zone diet is a diet popularized in books by Barry Sears. It advocates balancing protein and carbohydrate in 3:4 ratios. It is not primarily a weight-loss "diet", though it can be used quite successfully for that purpose [1]. # 'The Zone' The diet centers on a "40:30:30" ratio of calories obtained daily ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Zone_diet
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wikidoc
Zopiclone
Zopiclone # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc dru...
Zopiclone Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Adeel Jamil, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Zopiclone
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wikidoc
Retinene
Retinene # Overview The Retinenes (Retinene1 and Retinene2) are chemical derivatives of the dietary supplement vitamin A (see retinol) formed through oxidation reactions. Retinene1 is better known as retinaldehyde or simply retinal and is fundamental in the transduction of light into visual signals in the photorecepto...
Retinene Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview The Retinenes (Retinene1 and Retinene2) are chemical derivatives of the dietary supplement vitamin A (see retinol) formed through oxidation reactions. Retinene1 is better known as retinaldehyde or simply retinal and is fundamental in the transduct...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/11-cis_retinal
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wikidoc
14C-Urea
14C-Urea # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc drug...
14C-Urea Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be a...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/14C-Urea
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wikidoc
2-Pyrone
2-Pyrone # Overview 2-Pyrone (α-pyrone or pyran-2-one) is an unsaturated cyclic chemical compound with the molecular formula C5H4O2. It is isomeric with 4-pyrone. 2-Pyrone is used in organic synthesis as a building block for more complex chemical structures because it may participate in a variety of cycloaddition rea...
2-Pyrone Template:Chembox new Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview 2-Pyrone (α-pyrone or pyran-2-one) is an unsaturated cyclic chemical compound with the molecular formula C5H4O2. It is isomeric with 4-pyrone. 2-Pyrone is used in organic synthesis as a building block for more complex chemica...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/2-Pyrone
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wikidoc
2C-B-BZP
2C-B-BZP 2C-B-BZP is a research chemical and stimulant of the piperazine family. # Chemistry 2C-B-BZP is 2-bromo-4,5-dimethoxy-benzylpiperazine. It is related to BZP and shares the ring-substitution pattern of the psychedelic phenethylamine 2C-B, although 2C-B-BZP is not a phenethylamine itself. # Dosage Reported do...
2C-B-BZP Template:Unsourced 2C-B-BZP is a research chemical and stimulant of the piperazine family. # Chemistry 2C-B-BZP is 2-bromo-4,5-dimethoxy-benzylpiperazine. It is related to BZP and shares the ring-substitution pattern of the psychedelic phenethylamine 2C-B, although 2C-B-BZP is not a phenethylamine itself. ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/2C-B-BZP
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wikidoc
2C-B-FLY
2C-B-FLY 2C-B-FLY is a psychedelic phenethylamine of the 2C family. It was first synthesized by Aaron P. Monte, and sometimes used as an entheogen. # Chemistry 2C-B-FLY is 8-bromo-2,3,6,7-benzo-dihydro-difuran-ethylamine. The full name of the chemical is 2-(8-bromo-2,3,6,7-tetrahydrofurobenzofuran-4-yl)ethanamine. I...
2C-B-FLY 2C-B-FLY is a psychedelic phenethylamine of the 2C family. It was first synthesized by Aaron P. Monte, and sometimes used as an entheogen. # Chemistry 2C-B-FLY is 8-bromo-2,3,6,7-benzo-dihydro-difuran-ethylamine. The full name of the chemical is 2-(8-bromo-2,3,6,7-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-f][1]benzofuran-4-yl)et...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/2C-B-FLY
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wikidoc
4-HO-DET
4-HO-DET 4-HO-DET, also known as 4-hydroxy-diethyl-tryptamine, CZ-74, or ethocin, is a hallucinogenic drug and psychedelic compound of moderate duration. 4-HO-DET is a substituted tryptamine, structurally related to psilocin and 4-HO-DIPT. # Analogs The acetic acid ester of 4-HO-DET is known as 4-AcO-DET or ethacetin....
4-HO-DET 4-HO-DET, also known as 4-hydroxy-diethyl-tryptamine, CZ-74, or ethocin, is a hallucinogenic drug and psychedelic compound of moderate duration. 4-HO-DET is a substituted tryptamine, structurally related to psilocin and 4-HO-DIPT. # Analogs The acetic acid ester of 4-HO-DET is known as 4-AcO-DET or ethacetin...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/4-HO-DET
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Psilocin
Psilocin Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire top...
Psilocin Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [1] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/4-HO-DMT
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wikidoc
48, XXXX
48, XXXX # Overview XXXX syndrome (also called tetrasomy X, quadruple X, or 48, XXXX) is a rare chromosomal disorder caused by the presence of four X chromosomes instead of two X chromosomes, which are normally found in females. This condition occurs only in females, as there are no Y chromosomes present. Tetrasomy X ...
48, XXXX Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview XXXX syndrome (also called tetrasomy X, quadruple X, or 48, XXXX) is a rare chromosomal disorder caused by the presence of four X chromosomes instead of two X chromosomes, which are normally found in females. This condition occurs only in females,...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/48,_XXXX
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wikidoc
48, XXYY
48, XXYY # Overview 48, XXYY syndrome is a sex chromosome anomaly. It was previously considered to be a variation of Klinefelter's syndrome. It is still considered a part of the syndrome by some definitions. # Incidence It affects one in every 18,000-40,000 male births. # Presentation Common features include ...
48, XXYY Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview 48, XXYY syndrome is a sex chromosome anomaly. It was previously considered to be a variation of Klinefelter's syndrome. It is still considered a part of the syndrome by some definitions.[1] # Incidence It affects one in every 18,000-40,000...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/48,_XXYY
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wikidoc
4S Trial
4S Trial # Objective The Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S) is a multicenter clinical trial that was performed in 1990s in Scandinavia. The objective of the study was to assess effect of a cholesterol-lowering drug called simvastatin on mortality and morbidity in a group of 4444 patients with coronary heart ...
4S Trial Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Click here to download slides for 4S Trial. # Objective The Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S) is a multicenter clinical trial that was performed in 1990s in Scandinavia. The objective of the study was to assess effect of a cholesterol-lowering dru...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/4S_Trial
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wikidoc
Retinoid
Retinoid # Overview The retinoids are a class of chemical compounds that are related chemically to vitamin A. Retinoids are used in medicine, primarily due to the way they regulate epithelial cell growth. Retinoids have many important and diverse functions throughout the body including roles in vision, regulation of c...
Retinoid Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview The retinoids are a class of chemical compounds that are related chemically to vitamin A. Retinoids are used in medicine, primarily due to the way they regulate epithelial cell growth. Retinoids have many important and diverse functions throughout...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/9-cis_retinoic_acid
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wikidoc
Cortisol
Cortisol Cortisol is a corticosteroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex (in the adrenal gland). It is a vital hormone that is often referred to as the "stress hormone" as it is involved in the response to stress. It increases blood pressure, blood sugar levels and has an immunosuppressive action. In pharmacology...
Cortisol … Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Phone:617-632-7753 Cortisol is a corticosteroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex (in the adrenal gland). It is a vital hormone that is often referred to as the "stress hormone" as it is involved in the response to stress. It increases blood pressure,...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/A-Hydrocort
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wikidoc
Abl gene
Abl gene # Overview Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 also known as ABL1 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ABL1 gene (previous symbol ABL) located on chromosome 9. c-Abl is sometimes used to refer to the version of the gene found within the mammalian genome, while v-Abl refers to the viral...
Abl gene Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 also known as ABL1 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ABL1 gene (previous symbol ABL) located on chromosome 9. c-Abl is sometimes used to refer to the version of the gene found within t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/ABL
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wikidoc
ADAMTS13
ADAMTS13 ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13)—also known as von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease (VWFCP)—is a zinc-containing metalloprotease enzyme that cleaves von Willebrand factor (vWf), a large protein involved in blood clotting. It is secreted in blood an...
ADAMTS13 ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13)—also known as von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease (VWFCP)—is a zinc-containing metalloprotease enzyme that cleaves von Willebrand factor (vWf), a large protein involved in blood clotting. It is secreted in blood a...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/ADAMTS-13
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wikidoc
ADAMTS17
ADAMTS17 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 17 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ADAMTS17 gene. # Function This gene encodes a member of the ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs) protein family. ADAMTS family members share several distinct protein modu...
ADAMTS17 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 17 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ADAMTS17 gene.[1] # Function This gene encodes a member of the ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs) protein family. ADAMTS family members share several distinct protein ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/ADAMTS17
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wikidoc
Atenolol
Atenolol The initial dose of atenolol is 50 mg given as one tablet a day either alone or added to diuretic therapy. The full effect of this dose will usually be seen within one to two weeks. If an optimal response is not achieved, the dosage should be increased to atenolol 100 mg given as one tablet a day. Increasing t...
Atenolol The initial dose of atenolol is 50 mg given as one tablet a day either alone or added to diuretic therapy. The full effect of this dose will usually be seen within one to two weeks. If an optimal response is not achieved, the dosage should be increased to atenolol 100 mg given as one tablet a day. Increasing ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/APO-Atenol
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wikidoc
APOBEC3C
APOBEC3C DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3C is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOBEC3C gene. A3C belong to the A3 family of cytidine deaminases that act as restriction factors against diverse retroviruses. A3C was reported to inhibit simian immunodeficiency deficiency virus potently rather than HIV-1, in a...
APOBEC3C DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3C is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOBEC3C gene.[1][2] A3C belong to the A3 family of cytidine deaminases that act as restriction factors against diverse retroviruses. A3C was reported to inhibit simian immunodeficiency deficiency virus potently rather than HIV-...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/APOBEC3C
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wikidoc
APOBEC3G
APOBEC3G APOBEC3G is a human protein belonging to the APOBEC superfamily of proteinsthat interferes with the replication of HIV and other retroviruses. This family of proteins has been suggested to play an important role in innate anti-viral immunity. APOBEC3G and other proteins in the same family are able to act as a ...
APOBEC3G APOBEC3G is a human protein belonging to the APOBEC superfamily of proteins[1]that interferes with the replication of HIV and other retroviruses. This family of proteins has been suggested to play an important role in innate anti-viral immunity.[2] APOBEC3G and other proteins in the same family are able to ac...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/APOBEC3G
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wikidoc
ARHGAP25
ARHGAP25 Rho GTPase activating protein 25 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARHGAP25 gene. The gene is also known as KAIA0053. ARHGAP25 belongs to a family of Rho GTPase-modulating proteins that are implicated in actin remodeling, cell polarity, and cell migration. # Model organisms Model organisms have be...
ARHGAP25 Rho GTPase activating protein 25 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARHGAP25 gene.[1] The gene is also known as KAIA0053.[1] ARHGAP25 belongs to a family of Rho GTPase-modulating proteins that are implicated in actin remodeling, cell polarity, and cell migration.[2] # Model organisms Model organis...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/ARHGAP25
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wikidoc
ARHGAP29
ARHGAP29 ARHGAP29 is a gene located on chromosome 1p22 that encodes Rho GTPase activating protein (GAP) 29, a protein that mediates the cyclical regulation of small GTP binding proteins such as RhoA. # Function ARHGAP29 is expressed in the developing face and may act downstream of IRF6 in craniofacial development. # ...
ARHGAP29 ARHGAP29 is a gene located on chromosome 1p22 that encodes Rho GTPase activating protein (GAP) 29,[1] a protein that mediates the cyclical regulation of small GTP binding proteins such as RhoA.[2] # Function ARHGAP29 is expressed in the developing face and may act downstream of IRF6 in craniofacial developme...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/ARHGAP29
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wikidoc
ARHGAP31
ARHGAP31 The Rho GTPase activating protein 31 is encoded in humans by the ARHGAP31 gene. It is a Cdc42/Rac1 GTPase regulator. # Function ARHGAP31 encodes a GTPase-activating protein (GAP). A variety of cellular processes are regulated by Rho GTPases which cycle between an inactive form bound to GDP and an active form ...
ARHGAP31 The Rho GTPase activating protein 31 is encoded in humans by the ARHGAP31 gene. It is a Cdc42/Rac1 GTPase regulator.[1] # Function ARHGAP31 encodes a GTPase-activating protein (GAP). A variety of cellular processes are regulated by Rho GTPases which cycle between an inactive form bound to GDP and an active f...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/ARHGAP31
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wikidoc
ARHGEF11
ARHGEF11 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARHGEF11 gene. # Function Rho GTPases play a fundamental role in numerous cellular processes that are initiated by extracellular stimuli that work through G protein coupled receptors. The encoded protein may form a complex...
ARHGEF11 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARHGEF11 gene.[1][2][3] # Function Rho GTPases play a fundamental role in numerous cellular processes that are initiated by extracellular stimuli that work through G protein coupled receptors. The encoded protein may form...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/ARHGEF11
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wikidoc
ARHGEF12
ARHGEF12 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARHGEF12 gene. # Function Rho GTPases play a fundamental role in numerous cellular processes that are initiated by extracellular stimuli that work through G protein coupled receptor . The encoded protein may form a complex...
ARHGEF12 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARHGEF12 gene.[1][2][3] # Function Rho GTPases play a fundamental role in numerous cellular processes that are initiated by extracellular stimuli that work through G protein coupled receptor . The encoded protein may form...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/ARHGEF12
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wikidoc
ATP6V0A2
ATP6V0A2 V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform 2 also known as V-ATPase 116 kDa isoform a2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATP6V0A2 gene. # Function V-ATPase 116 kDa isoform a2 is a subunit of the vacuolar ATPase (v-ATPase), an heteromultimeric enzyme that is present in intracellular vesicles an...
ATP6V0A2 V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit a isoform 2 also known as V-ATPase 116 kDa isoform a2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATP6V0A2 gene.[1][2][3] # Function V-ATPase 116 kDa isoform a2 is a subunit of the vacuolar ATPase (v-ATPase), an heteromultimeric enzyme that is present in intracellular v...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/ATP6V0A2
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wikidoc
ATP6V1B2
ATP6V1B2 V-type proton ATPase subunit B, brain isoform is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATP6V1B2 gene. This gene encodes a component of vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme that mediates acidification of eukaryotic intracellular organelles. V-ATPase dependent organelle acidification is necessa...
ATP6V1B2 V-type proton ATPase subunit B, brain isoform is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATP6V1B2 gene.[1][2][3] This gene encodes a component of vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme that mediates acidification of eukaryotic intracellular organelles. V-ATPase dependent organelle acidification ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/ATP6V1B2
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wikidoc
ATP6V1C1
ATP6V1C1 V-type proton ATPase subunit C 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATP6V1C1 gene. This gene encodes a component of vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme that mediates acidification of intracellular compartments of eukaryotic cells. V-ATPase dependent acidification is necessary for such ...
ATP6V1C1 V-type proton ATPase subunit C 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATP6V1C1 gene.[1][2][3] This gene encodes a component of vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme that mediates acidification of intracellular compartments of eukaryotic cells. V-ATPase dependent acidification is necessary...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/ATP6V1C1
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wikidoc
ATP6V1G2
ATP6V1G2 V-type proton ATPase subunit G 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATP6V1G2 gene. This gene encodes a component of vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme that mediates acidification of intracellular compartments of eukaryotic cells. V-ATPase dependent acidification is necessary for such ...
ATP6V1G2 V-type proton ATPase subunit G 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATP6V1G2 gene.[1][2] This gene encodes a component of vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme that mediates acidification of intracellular compartments of eukaryotic cells. V-ATPase dependent acidification is necessary fo...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/ATP6V1G2
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wikidoc
Ataxin 1
Ataxin 1 Ataxin-1 is a DNA-binding protein which in humans is encoded by the ATXN1 gene. Mutations in ataxin-1 cause spinocerebellar ataxia type 1, an inherited neurodegenerative disease characterized by a progressive loss of cerebellar neurons, particularly Purkinje neurons. # Genetics ATXN1 is conserved across multi...
Ataxin 1 Ataxin-1 is a DNA-binding protein which in humans is encoded by the ATXN1 gene.[1][2] Mutations in ataxin-1 cause spinocerebellar ataxia type 1, an inherited neurodegenerative disease characterized by a progressive loss of cerebellar neurons, particularly Purkinje neurons. # Genetics ATXN1 is conserved acros...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/ATXN1
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wikidoc
Ataxin 3
Ataxin 3 Ataxin-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ATXN3 gene. # Clinical significance Machado-Joseph disease, also known as spinocerebellar ataxia-3, is an autosomal dominant neurologic disorder. The protein encoded by the ATXN3 gene contains (CAG)n repeats in the coding region, and the expansion of thes...
Ataxin 3 Ataxin-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ATXN3 gene.[1][2] # Clinical significance Machado-Joseph disease, also known as spinocerebellar ataxia-3, is an autosomal dominant neurologic disorder. The protein encoded by the ATXN3 gene contains (CAG)n repeats in the coding region, and the expansion ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/ATXN3
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wikidoc
Ribosome
Ribosome Ribosomes (from ribonucleic acid and "greek: soma (meaning body)") are complexes of RNA and protein that are found in all cells. Prokaryotic ribosomes from archaea and bacteria are smaller than most of the ribosomes from eukaryotes such as plants and animals. However, the ribosomes in the mitochondrion of euka...
Ribosome Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Ribosomes (from ribonucleic acid and "greek: soma (meaning body)") are complexes of RNA and protein that are found in all cells. Prokaryotic ribosomes from archaea and bacteria are smaller than most of the ribosomes from eukaryotes such as plants and animals....
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/A_site
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wikidoc
Abacavir
Abacavir # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc drug...
Abacavir Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rabin Bista, M.B.B.S. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Abacavir
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wikidoc
Thiamine
Thiamine # Overview Thiamine or thiamin, also known as vitamin B1 and aneurine hydrochloride, is one of the B vitamins. It is a colorless compound with chemical formula C12H17N4OS. It is soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. Thiamine decomposes if heated. Its chemical structure contains a pyrimidine ring and a t...
Thiamine Template:Chembox new Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Thiamine or thiamin, also known as vitamin B1 and aneurine hydrochloride, is one of the B vitamins. It is a colorless compound with chemical formula C12H17N4OS. It is soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. Thiamine decomp...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Aberic_acid
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Ablation
Ablation # Overview Ablation is defined as the removal of material from the surface of an object by vaporization, chipping, or other erosive processes. The term occurs in space physicsassociated with atmospheric reentry, in glaciology, medicine and passive fire protection. # Space physics In space physics, ablation ...
Ablation Editors-In-Chief: Martin I. Newman, M.D., FACS, Cleveland Clinic Florida, [1]; Michel C. Samson, M.D., FRCSC, FACS [2] # Overview Ablation is defined as the removal of material from the surface of an object by vaporization, chipping, or other erosive processes. The term occurs in space physicsassociated wit...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ablate
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wikidoc
Abortion
Abortion Synonyms and keywords:Pregnancy loss, miscarriage, spontaneous abortion # Overview Abortion is the termination of pregnancy before 20 weeks of gestation, which was first described by an ancient Egyptian medical text as the Ebers Papyrus in 1550 BCE. Abortion is classified as threatened, complete, incomplete, ...
Abortion Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nuha Al-Howthi, MD[2] Synonyms and keywords:Pregnancy loss, miscarriage, spontaneous abortion # Overview Abortion is the termination of pregnancy before 20 weeks of gestation, which was first described by an ancient Egyptian m...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Aborted
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wikidoc
Abrasive
Abrasive An abrasive is a material, often a mineral, that is used to shape or finish a workpiece through rubbing which leads to part of the workpiece being worn away. While finishing a material often means polishing it to gain a smooth, reflective surface it can also involve roughening as in satin, matte or beaded fini...
Abrasive An abrasive is a material, often a mineral, that is used to shape or finish a workpiece through rubbing which leads to part of the workpiece being worn away. While finishing a material often means polishing it to gain a smooth, reflective surface it can also involve roughening as in satin, matte or beaded fin...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Abrasive
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wikidoc
Aniridia
Aniridia Synonyms and keywords: Absent iris # Overview Aniridia is a rare congenital condition characterized by the underdevelopment of the eye's iris. This usually occurs in both eyes. It is associated with poor development of the retina at the back of the eye preventing normal vision development. # Classification A...
Aniridia Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and keywords: Absent iris # Overview Aniridia is a rare congenital condition characterized by the underdevelopment of the eye's iris. This usually occurs in both eyes. It is associated with poor development of the retina at the back of the eye preve...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Absent_iris
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wikidoc
Acarbose
Acarbose # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc drug...
Acarbose Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Gloria Picoy [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educa...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Acarbose
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wikidoc
Overdose
Overdose # Contact Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222 # Look up your local Poison Control Center in the United States # Look up a poison control center anywhere in the world # Report a side effect to the FDA at MedWatch Read more about MedWatch here # Search for Drug-Drug Interactions # Overview There can be damagi...
Overdose Editor-In-Chief: Scott Everett, M.D., Pharm. D. Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, Winston Salem, NC Email Dr. Everett by clicking here Editor in Chief: Jen Hannum M.D. Associate Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Phone:617-632-7753 # Co...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Accidental_overdose
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Acidosis
Acidosis # Overview Acidosis is an acid-base imbalance that is an increased acidity (i.e. an increased hydrogen ion concentration). If not further qualified, it refers to acidity of the blood plasma. Generally, acidosis is said to occur when arterial pH falls below 7.35, while its counterpart (alkalosis) occurs at a ...
Acidosis Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Carlos A Lopez, M.D. [2] # Overview Acidosis is an acid-base imbalance that is an increased acidity (i.e. an increased hydrogen ion concentration). If not further qualified, it refers to acidity of the blood plasma. Generally, acidosis is said to occur when...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Acidemia
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wikidoc
Aconitum
Aconitum Aconitum (A-co-ní-tum), known as aconite, monkshood, or wolfsbane, is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). There are over 250 species of Aconitum. # Overview These herbaceous perennial plants are chiefly natives of the mountainous parts of the northern hemisphere, grow...
Aconitum Template:Otheruses4 Aconitum (A-co-ní-tum), known as aconite, monkshood, or wolfsbane, is a genus of flowering plant belonging to the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). There are over 250 species of Aconitum. # Overview These herbaceous perennial plants are chiefly natives of the mountainous parts of the nort...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Aconite
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wikidoc
Acrolein
Acrolein # Overview In organic chemistry, the compound CH2=CH-CHO, more often called acrolein than the IUPAC name 2-propenal, is the simplest unsaturated aldehyde. It is produced widely but is most often immediately reacted with other products due to its instability and toxicity. It has a piercing, disagreeable, acrid...
Acrolein Template:Chembox new Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview In organic chemistry, the compound CH2=CH-CHO, more often called acrolein than the IUPAC name 2-propenal, is the simplest unsaturated aldehyde. It is produced widely but is most often immediately reacted with other products du...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Acrolein
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wikidoc
Charcoal
Charcoal # Overview Charcoal is the blackish residue consisting of impure carbon obtained by removing water and other volatile constituents from animal and vegetation substances. Charcoal is usually produced by heating wood, sugar, bone char, or others substances in the absence of oxygen (see char). The soft, brittl...
Charcoal Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Charcoal is the blackish residue consisting of impure carbon obtained by removing water and other volatile constituents from animal and vegetation substances. Charcoal is usually produced by heating wood, sugar, bone char, or others substances in...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Actidose-Aqua
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wikidoc
Ursodiol
Ursodiol # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc drug...
Ursodiol Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Adeel Jamil, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Actigall
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wikidoc
Actinide
Actinide The actinoid (according to IUPAC terminology) (previously actinide) series encompasses the 15 chemical elements that lie between actinium and lawrencium included on the periodic table, with atomic numbers 89 - 103. The actinoid series derives its name from the first element in the series, actinium, and ultima...
Actinide The actinoid (according to IUPAC terminology) (previously actinide) series encompasses the 15 chemical elements that lie between actinium and lawrencium included on the periodic table, with atomic numbers 89 - 103.[1] [2] The actinoid series derives its name from the first element in the series, actinium, and...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Actinide
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wikidoc
Diarrhea
Diarrhea Synonyms and keywords: Loose stools # Overview Diarrhea is defined as the passage of unformed or abnormally liquid stools at an increased frequency. Diarrhea can be classified as acute or chronic. Acute diarrhea has a duration of less than 2 weeks and may be classified on the basis of etiology and presentatio...
Diarrhea Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Usama Talib, BSc, MD [2], Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[3], Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [4], Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [5], M.Umer Tariq [6] Synonyms and keywords: Loose stools # Overview Diarrhea is defined as the passage of unformed o...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Acute_Infectious_Diarrheal_Diseases
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wikidoc
Leukemia
Leukemia Synonyms and keywords: Leukaemia # Overview Leukemia (Greek leukos, “white”; haima, “blood”) can be defined as a group of hematopoietic stem cell malignancies due to genetic abnormalities that may lead to clonal proliferation of these cells. These group of diseases are classified based on the type of hematopo...
Leukemia For patient information click here Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2], Usama Talib, BSc, MD [3], Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[4]; Grammar Reviewer: Natalie Harpenau, B.S.[5] Synonyms and keywords: Leukaemia # Overview Leukemia (Greek leuko...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Acute_and_chronic_leukemias
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wikidoc
AdaBoost
AdaBoost AdaBoost, short for Adaptive Boosting, is a machine learning algorithm, formulated by Yoav Freund and Robert Schapire. It is a meta-algorithm, and can be used in conjunction with many other learning algorithms to improve their performance. AdaBoost is adaptive in the sense that subsequent classifiers built are...
AdaBoost AdaBoost, short for Adaptive Boosting, is a machine learning algorithm, formulated by Yoav Freund and Robert Schapire. It is a meta-algorithm, and can be used in conjunction with many other learning algorithms to improve their performance. AdaBoost is adaptive in the sense that subsequent classifiers built ar...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/AdaBoost
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wikidoc
Adderall
Adderall Synonyms: (+/-)-beta-Phenylisopropylamine, (+/-)-Benzedrine, (+/-)-Desoxynorephedrine, 1-Methyl-2-phenylethylamine, 1-Phenyl-2-aminopropane, 3-Methoxy-a-methylbenzeneethanamine, 3-Methoxyamphetamine, 3-Methoxyphenylisopropylamine, alpha-Methylbenzeneethaneamine, Amphetamine Sulfate, beta-Aminopropylbenzene, dl...
Adderall Synonyms: (+/-)-beta-Phenylisopropylamine, (+/-)-Benzedrine, (+/-)-Desoxynorephedrine, 1-Methyl-2-phenylethylamine, 1-Phenyl-2-aminopropane, 3-Methoxy-a-methylbenzeneethanamine, 3-Methoxyamphetamine, 3-Methoxyphenylisopropylamine, alpha-Methylbenzeneethaneamine, Amphetamine Sulfate, beta-Aminopropylbenzene, d...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Adderall
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wikidoc
Adefovir
Adefovir # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc drug...
Adefovir Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rabin Bista, M.B.B.S. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Adefovir
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wikidoc
Adhesive
Adhesive # History The first adhesives were natural gums and other plant resins or saps. It was believed that the Sumerian people were the first to use it until it was discovered that Neanderthals as far back as 50,000 years made adhesives from birch bark. The discovery of 6000-year-old ceramics brought evidence to ar...
Adhesive # History The first adhesives were natural gums and other plant resins or saps. It was believed that the Sumerian people were the first to use it until it was discovered that Neanderthals as far back as 50,000 years made adhesives from birch bark. The discovery of 6000-year-old ceramics brought evidence to ar...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Adhesive
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wikidoc
Aesculus
Aesculus The genus Aesculus comprises 20–25 species of deciduous trees and shrubs native to the temperate northern hemisphere, with 7–10 species native to North America and 13–15 species native in Eurasia; there are also several natural hybrids. They have traditionally been treated in their own usually monogeneric fami...
Aesculus The genus Aesculus comprises 20–25 species of deciduous trees and shrubs native to the temperate northern hemisphere, with 7–10 species native to North America and 13–15 species native in Eurasia; there are also several natural hybrids. They have traditionally been treated in their own usually monogeneric fam...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Aesculus
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wikidoc
Etiology
Etiology # Overview Etiology (alternately aetiology, aitiology) is the study of causation. Derived from the Greek αίτιολογία, "giving a reason for" (αἰτία "cause" + -logy). The word is most commonly used in medical and philosophical theories, where it is used to refer to the study of why things occur, or even the reas...
Etiology Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Etiology (alternately aetiology, aitiology) is the study of causation. Derived from the Greek αίτιολογία, "giving a reason for" (αἰτία "cause" + -logy).[1] The word is most commonly used in medical and philosophical theories, where it is used to r...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Aetiologies
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wikidoc
Afatinib
Afatinib # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc drug...
Afatinib Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vignesh Ponnusamy, M.B.B.S. [2]; Sree Teja Yelamanchili, MBBS [3] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthc...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Afatinib
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wikidoc
Agenesis
Agenesis Agenesis is the medical term for the failure of an organ to develop during embryonic growth and development. # Conditions Many specific examples of agenesis are referred to by individual names, depending on the organ affected. - Agenesis of the corpus callosum- failure of the Corpus callosum to develop. - Ren...
Agenesis Agenesis is the medical term for the failure of an organ to develop during embryonic growth and development. # Conditions Many specific examples of agenesis are referred to by individual names, depending on the organ affected. - Agenesis of the corpus callosum- failure of the Corpus callosum to develop. - Re...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Agenesis
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wikidoc
Aggrecan
Aggrecan Aggrecan (ACAN), also known as cartilage-specific proteoglycan core protein (CSPCP) or chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACAN gene. This gene is a member of the lectican (chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan) family. The encoded protein is an integral part of the ext...
Aggrecan Aggrecan (ACAN), also known as cartilage-specific proteoglycan core protein (CSPCP) or chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACAN gene.[1] This gene is a member of the lectican (chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan) family. The encoded protein is an integral part of the...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Aggrecan
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wikidoc
Agitoxin
Agitoxin Agitoxin is a toxin found in the venom of the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus herbraeus (yellow scorpion). Agitoxin binds to the Shaker K+ channel in Drosophila as well as to its mammalian homologue. It blocks this channel by binding with high affinity (Kd < 1 nmol/L) to its external vestibule. Agitoxin can b...
Agitoxin Agitoxin is a toxin found in the venom of the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus herbraeus (yellow scorpion). Agitoxin binds to the Shaker K+ channel in Drosophila as well as to its mammalian homologue. It blocks this channel by binding with high affinity (Kd < 1 nmol/L) to its external vestibule. Agitoxin can ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Agitoxin
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wikidoc
Agronomy
Agronomy Agronomy is a branch of agricultural science that deals with the study of crops and the soils in which they grow. Agronomists work to develop methods that will improve the use of soil and increase the production of food and fiber crops. They conduct research in crop rotation, irrigation and drainage, plant bre...
Agronomy Agronomy is a branch of agricultural science that deals with the study of crops and the soils in which they grow. Agronomists work to develop methods that will improve the use of soil and increase the production of food and fiber crops. They conduct research in crop rotation, irrigation and drainage, plant br...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Agronomy
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wikidoc
Aldehyde
Aldehyde An aldehyde is an organic compound containing a terminal carbonyl group. This functional group, which consists of a carbon atom which is bonded to a hydrogen atom and double-bonded to an oxygen atom (chemical formula O=CH-), is called the aldehyde group. The aldehyde group is also called the formyl or methanoy...
Aldehyde Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] An aldehyde is an organic compound containing a terminal carbonyl group. This functional group, which consists of a carbon atom which is bonded to a hydrogen atom and double-bonded to an oxygen atom (chemical formula O=CH-), is called the aldehyde group. The ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Aldehyde
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wikidoc
Aldicarb
Aldicarb Aldicarb is a carbamate insecticide with structural formula: 2-methyl-2-(methylthio)propionaldehyde O-methylcarbamoyloxime. Aldicarb is the active substance in Temik pesticide, which is effective against thrips, aphids, spider mites, lygus, fleahoppers, and leafminers but is primarily used as a nematicide. In ...
Aldicarb Template:Chembox new Aldicarb is a carbamate insecticide with structural formula: 2-methyl-2-(methylthio)propionaldehyde O-methylcarbamoyloxime. Aldicarb is the active substance in Temik pesticide, which is effective against thrips, aphids, spider mites, lygus, fleahoppers, and leafminers but is primarily use...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Aldicarb
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wikidoc
Aleatory
Aleatory Aleatory means "pertaining to luck", and derives from the Latin word alea, the rolling of dice. Aleatoric, indeterminate, or chance art is that which exploits the principle of randomness. # Law In some legal systems, aleatory contracts are those where the effects (outcomes) for the parties to the contract are...
Aleatory Aleatory means "pertaining to luck", and derives from the Latin word alea, the rolling of dice. Aleatoric, indeterminate, or chance art is that which exploits the principle of randomness. # Law In some legal systems, aleatory contracts are those where the effects (outcomes) for the parties to the contract ar...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Aleatory
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wikidoc
Caffeine
Caffeine # Overview Caffeine is a bitter white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that acts as a psychoactive stimulant drug and a mild diuretic (speeds up urine production) in humans and other animals. Caffeine was discovered by a German chemist, Friedrich Ferdinand Runge, in 1819. He coined the term "kaffein", a chemica...
Caffeine Template:Chembox new Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2] # Overview Caffeine is a bitter white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that acts as a psychoactive stimulant drug and a mild diuretic (speeds up urine production)[1] in humans and other ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Alert
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wikidoc
Alhandal
Alhandal Alhandal was a term used in Arabian pharmacy for the purgative extract of colocynth, or Bitter Cucumber (Citrullus colocynthis). The Troches of Alhandal, or Trochisci Alhandalæ, were a kind of troche, or tablet, composed of colocynth, bdellium, and gum tragacanth. They were esteemed good purgatives, and used o...
Alhandal Alhandal was a term used in Arabian pharmacy for the purgative extract of colocynth, or Bitter Cucumber (Citrullus colocynthis). The Troches of Alhandal, or Trochisci Alhandalæ, were a kind of troche, or tablet, composed of colocynth, bdellium, and gum tragacanth. They were esteemed good purgatives, and used ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Alhandal
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wikidoc
Alkaloid
Alkaloid Alkaloid are naturally occurring chemical compounds containing basic nitrogen atoms. The name derives from the word alkaline and was used to describe any nitrogen-containing base. Alkaloids are produced by a large variety of organisms, including bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals and are part of the group of...
Alkaloid Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Alkaloid are naturally occurring chemical compounds containing basic nitrogen atoms. The name derives from the word alkaline and was used to describe any nitrogen-containing base. Alkaloids are produced by a large variety of organisms, including bacteria, fun...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Alkaloid
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wikidoc
Alkoxide
Alkoxide An alkoxide is the conjugate base of an alcohol and therefore consists of an organic group bonded to a negatively charged oxygen atom. They can be written as RO–, where R is the organic substituent. Alkoxides are strong bases and, when R is not bulky, good nucleophiles and good ligands. . Alkoxides, althou...
Alkoxide An alkoxide is the conjugate base of an alcohol and therefore consists of an organic group bonded to a negatively charged oxygen atom. They can be written as RO–, where R is the organic substituent. Alkoxides are strong bases and, when R is not bulky, good nucleophiles and good ligands. . Alkoxides, altho...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Alkoxide
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wikidoc
Allergen
Allergen # Overview An allergen is a nonparasitic antigen capable of stimulating a type-I hypersensitivity reaction in atopic individuals. Most humans mount significant IgE responses only as a defense against parasitic infections. However, some individuals mount an IgE response against common environmental antigens. T...
Allergen Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] # Overview An allergen is a nonparasitic antigen capable of stimulating a type-I hypersensitivity reaction in atopic individuals.[1] Most humans mount significant IgE responses only as a defense agains...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Allergen
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wikidoc
Allspice
Allspice Allspice, also called Jamaica pepper,"Kurundu" Myrtle pepper, pimento , or newspice, is a spice which is the dried unripe fruit of the Pimenta dioica plant. The name "allspice" was coined by the English, who thought it combined the flavour of several aromatic spices, such as cinnamon, nutmeg, and cloves. # Pr...
Allspice Allspice, also called Jamaica pepper,"Kurundu" Myrtle pepper, pimento[1] , or newspice, is a spice which is the dried unripe fruit of the Pimenta dioica plant. The name "allspice" was coined by the English, who thought it combined the flavour of several aromatic spices, such as cinnamon, nutmeg, and cloves. ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Allspice
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wikidoc
Althesin
Althesin Althesin is an intravenous anaesthetic agent now withdrawn from the market due to severe drug reactions. It was popular because of its short duration of action. It is composed of a mixture of alphaxolone and alphadolone, two steroids. It provides rapid onset of action and recovery. Cremophor EL was the solu...
Althesin Althesin is an intravenous anaesthetic agent now withdrawn from the market due to severe drug reactions. It was popular because of its short duration of action. It is composed of a mixture of alphaxolone and alphadolone, two steroids. It provides rapid onset of action and recovery. Cremophor EL was the sol...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Althesin
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wikidoc
Amaranth
Amaranth Amaranthus, collectively known as amaranth or pigweed, is a cosmopolitan genus of herbs. Approximately 60 species are presently recognised, with inflorescences and foliage ranging from purple and red to gold. Members of this genus share many characteristics and uses with members of the closely related genus Ce...
Amaranth Amaranthus, collectively known as amaranth or pigweed, is a cosmopolitan genus of herbs. Approximately 60 species are presently recognised, with inflorescences and foliage ranging from purple and red to gold. Members of this genus share many characteristics and uses with members of the closely related genus C...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Amaranth
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wikidoc
Amatoxin
Amatoxin Amatoxins are a subgroup of toxins found in Amanita phalloides and several other members of the genus Amanita, as well as some Conocybe, Galerina and Lepiota mushroom species. Their swift intestinal absorption coupled with their thermostability explains why their toxic effects occur in a relative short period ...
Amatoxin Amatoxins are a subgroup of toxins found in Amanita phalloides and several other members of the genus Amanita, as well as some Conocybe, Galerina and Lepiota mushroom species. Their swift intestinal absorption coupled with their thermostability explains why their toxic effects occur in a relative short period...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Amatoxin
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wikidoc
Ambazone
Ambazone # Overview Ambazone is an oral antiseptic. Ambazon was patented in 1957 by Bayer under the trade name Iversal, and briefly used in Germany. It is still used in Russia, countries of the former Soviet Union and Romania. It has not been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). # Synthes...
Ambazone Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Ambazone is an oral antiseptic. Ambazon was patented in 1957 by Bayer under the trade name Iversal, and briefly used in Germany. It is still used in Russia, countries of the former Soviet Union and Romania. It has not been approved by the United S...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ambazone
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wikidoc
Ambroxol
Ambroxol # Overview Ambroxol is a secretolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory diseases associated with viscid or excessive mucus. It is the active ingredient of Mucosolvan, Mucobrox, Mucol, Lasolvan, Mucoangin, Surbronc, Ambolar, and Lysopain. The substance is a mucoactive drug with several properties incl...
Ambroxol Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2] # Overview Ambroxol is a secretolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory diseases associated with viscid or excessive mucus. It is the active ingredient of Mucosolvan, Mucobrox, Mucol, Lasolvan, Mucoangin, Surbronc, Ambolar, and Lysopain. The substan...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ambroxol
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wikidoc
Hookworm
Hookworm # Overview The hookworm is a parasitic nematode worm that lives in the small intestine of its host, which may be a mammal such as a dog, cat, or human. Two species of hookworms commonly infect humans, Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus. Necator americanus predominates in the Americas, Sub-Saharan Af...
Hookworm Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview The hookworm is a parasitic nematode worm that lives in the small intestine of its host, which may be a mammal such as a dog, cat, or human. Two species of hookworms commonly infect humans, Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus. Necator ame...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/American_hookworm
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wikidoc
Amidrine
Amidrine Amidrine, Duradrin or Midrin, is a combination of Acetaminophen, Dichloralphenazone, and Isometheptene used mostly to treat headaches. # Description Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is a common over-the-counter pain reliever and fever reducer. Dichloralphenazone is a mild sedative owing primarily to its hydrolysis...
Amidrine Amidrine, Duradrin or Midrin, is a combination of Acetaminophen, Dichloralphenazone, and Isometheptene used mostly to treat headaches. # Description Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is a common over-the-counter pain reliever and fever reducer. Dichloralphenazone is a mild sedative owing primarily to its hydrolysi...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Amidrine
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wikidoc
Aminorex
Aminorex Aminorex is an anorectic stimulant drug of the 2-Amino-5-Aryloxazoline class. It is closely related to the popular drug 4-methyl-aminorex. It was disvered in 1960 by McNeil Laboratories, and was quickly found in 1962 to have an appetite suppressant effect in rats. It was introduced as a prescription anorectic ...
Aminorex Aminorex is an anorectic stimulant drug of the 2-Amino-5-Aryloxazoline class. It is closely related to the popular drug 4-methyl-aminorex. It was disvered in 1960 by McNeil Laboratories, and was quickly found in 1962 to have an appetite suppressant effect in rats. It was introduced as a prescription anorectic...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Aminorex
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wikidoc
Ammonium
Ammonium The ammonium cation is a positively charged polyatomic cation of the chemical formula NH4+. It has a molecular mass of 18.04 and is formed by protonation of ammonia (NH3). The resulting ion has a pKa of 9.25. Ammonium and aminium are also general names for positively charged or protonated substituted amines an...
Ammonium The ammonium cation is a positively charged polyatomic cation of the chemical formula NH4+. It has a molecular mass of 18.04 and is formed by protonation of ammonia (NH3). The resulting ion has a pKa of 9.25. Ammonium and aminium are also general names for positively charged or protonated substituted amines a...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ammonium
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wikidoc
Amrinone
Amrinone # Overview Amrinone (INN) or inamrinone (USAN, changed in 2000 to prevent confusion with amiodarone), trade name Inocor, is a pyridine phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor. It is a drug that may improve the prognosis in patients with congestive heart failure. Amrinone has been shown to increase the contractions ini...
Amrinone Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Amrinone (INN) or inamrinone (USAN, changed in 2000 to prevent confusion with amiodarone[1]), trade name Inocor, is a pyridine phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor.[2] It is a drug that may improve the prognosis in patients with congestive heart failure...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Amrinone
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wikidoc
Amygdala
Amygdala The amygdalae (Latin, also corpus amygdaloideum, singular amygdala, from Greek αμυγδαλή, amygdalē, 'almond', 'tonsil') are almond-shaped groups of neurons located deep within the medial temporal lobes of the brain in complex vertebrates, including humans. Shown in research to perform a primary role in the pro...
Amygdala Template:Infobox Brain The amygdalae (Latin, also corpus amygdaloideum, singular amygdala, from Greek αμυγδαλή, amygdalē, 'almond', 'tonsil')[1] are almond-shaped groups of neurons located deep within the medial temporal lobes of the brain in complex vertebrates, including humans. [2] Shown in research to per...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Amygdala
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wikidoc
Anabaena
Anabaena Anabaena is a genus of filamentous cyanobacteria, or blue-green algae, found as plankton. It is known for its nitrogen fixing abilities, and they form symbiotic relationships with certain plants, such as the mosquito fern. They are one of four genera of cyanobacteria that produce neurotoxins, which are harmful...
Anabaena Anabaena is a genus of filamentous cyanobacteria, or blue-green algae, found as plankton. It is known for its nitrogen fixing abilities, and they form symbiotic relationships with certain plants, such as the mosquito fern. They are one of four genera of cyanobacteria that produce neurotoxins, which are harmfu...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Anabaena
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wikidoc
Anakinra
Anakinra # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc drug...
Anakinra Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vignesh Ponnusamy, M.B.B.S. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Anakinra
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wikidoc
Analysis
Analysis Analysis (from Greek ἀνάλυσις, "a breaking up") is the process of breaking a complex topic or substance into smaller parts to gain a better understanding of it. The technique has been applied in the study of mathematics and logic since before Aristotle, though analysis as a formal concept is a relatively rece...
Analysis Template:TOCRight Analysis (from Greek ἀνάλυσις, "a breaking up") is the process of breaking a complex topic or substance into smaller parts to gain a better understanding of it. The technique has been applied in the study of mathematics and logic since before Aristotle, though analysis as a formal concept i...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Analysis
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wikidoc
Androgen
Androgen # Overview Androgen is the generic term for any natural or synthetic compound, usually a steroid hormone, that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors. This includes the activity of the accessory male sex organs and ...
Androgen Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Androgen is the generic term for any natural or synthetic compound, usually a steroid hormone, that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors. This include...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Androgen
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wikidoc
Anethole
Anethole # Overview Anethole (or trans-anethole) is an aromatic compound that accounts for the distinctive "licorice" flavor of anise, fennel, star anise, and anise myrtle. It may also be referred to as p-propenylanisole, anise camphor, isoestragole, or oil of aniseed. It is unrelated to glycyrrhizic acid, the compoun...
Anethole Template:Chembox new Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Anethole (or trans-anethole) is an aromatic compound that accounts for the distinctive "licorice" flavor of anise, fennel, star anise, and anise myrtle. It may also be referred to as p-propenylanisole, anise camphor, isoestrag...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Anethole
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wikidoc
Ångström
Ångström An ångström or angstrom (symbol Å) (Template:PronEng; Swedish: Template:IPA2) is a non-SI unit of length that is internationally recognized, equal to 0.1 nanometre or 1Template:E metres. It is sometimes used in expressing the sizes of atoms, lengths of chemical bonds and visible-light spectra, and dimensions o...
Ångström Template:Unit of length An ångström or angstrom (symbol Å) (Template:PronEng; Swedish: Template:IPA2) is a non-SI unit of length that is internationally recognized, equal to 0.1 nanometre or 1Template:E metres. It is sometimes used in expressing the sizes of atoms, lengths of chemical bonds and visible-light ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Angstrom
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wikidoc
Anisodus
Anisodus Anisodus is a genus of flowering plant in the family Solanaceae. It is native to China, Tibet, India, Bhutan, and Nepal. One species, A. tanguticus (Chinese: 山莨菪; pinyin: shān làngdàng), is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine. # Species - Anisodus acutangulus C. Y. Wu & C. Ch...
Anisodus Anisodus is a genus of flowering plant in the family Solanaceae. It is native to China, Tibet, India, Bhutan, and Nepal. One species, A. tanguticus (Chinese: 山莨菪; pinyin: shān làngdàng), is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine. # Species - Anisodus acutangulus C. Y. Wu & C. C...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Anisodus
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wikidoc
Ankyrins
Ankyrins # Overview Ankyrins are a family of proteins that mediates the attachment of integral membrane proteins to the cytoskeleton. Ankyrin 1, was first discovered in the erythrocytes but also later found to be expressed in the brain and muscles. In erythrocytes, Ankyrin 1 links membrane receptor CD44 to inositol tr...
Ankyrins Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] # Overview Ankyrins are a family of proteins that mediates the attachment of integral membrane proteins to the cytoskeleton.[1] Ankyrin 1, was first discovered in the erythrocytes but also later found ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ankyrin_B
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wikidoc
Perineum
Perineum # Overview In human anatomy, the perineum, also called the "taint", "grundel" or "gooch", is generally defined as the surface region in both males and females between the pubic symphysis and the coccyx. A diamond-shaped area on the inferior surface of the trunk which includes the anus and, in females, the vag...
Perineum Template:Infobox Anatomy Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview In human anatomy, the perineum, also called the "taint", "grundel" or "gooch", is generally defined as the surface region in both males and females between the pubic symphysis and the coccyx. A diamond-shaped area on the i...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Anogenital_distance
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wikidoc
Glucagon
Glucagon Glucagon is a peptide hormone, produced by alpha cells of the pancreas. It works to raise the concentration of glucose and fatty acids in the bloodstream, and is considered to be the main catabolic hormone of the body. It is also used as a medication to treat a number of health conditions. Its effect is oppos...
Glucagon Glucagon is a peptide hormone, produced by alpha cells of the pancreas. It works to raise the concentration of glucose and fatty acids in the bloodstream, and is considered to be the main catabolic hormone of the body.[1] It is also used as a medication to treat a number of health conditions. Its effect is o...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Antagonistic_hormone
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wikidoc
Myelitis
Myelitis Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire top...
Myelitis Template:Search infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [2] to i...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Anterior_myelitis
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wikidoc
Antibody
Antibody Antibodies (also known as immunoglobulins) are proteins that are found in blood or other bodily fluids of vertebrates, and are used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects, such as bacteria and viruses. They are made of a few basic structural units called chains; each antibody has two l...
Antibody Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2] Antibodies (also known as immunoglobulins[1]) are proteins that are found in blood or other bodily fluids of vertebrates, and are used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects, such as bacteria and viruses. They are made of a few basic ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Antibody
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wikidoc
Nematode
Nematode # Overview The nematodes or roundworms (Phylum Nematoda from Greek Template:Polytonic (nema): "thread" + Template:Polytonic -ode "like") are one of the most common phyla of animals, with over 80,000 different described species (over 15,000 are parasitic). They are ubiquitous in freshwater, marine, and terrest...
Nematode Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [3] # Overview The nematodes or roundworms (Phylum Nematoda from Greek Template:Polytonic (nema): "thread" + Template:Polytonic -ode "like") are one of the most common phyla of animals, with over 80,000 different described species (over 15,000 are parasitic). Th...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Antinematodals
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wikidoc
Aphorism
Aphorism The word aphorism (literally distinction or definition, from Template:Lang-el) denotes an original thought, spoken or written in a laconic and easily memorable form. The name was first used in the Aphorisms of Hippocrates. The term came to be applied later to other sententious statements of physical science a...
Aphorism The word aphorism (literally distinction or definition, from Template:Lang-el) denotes an original thought, spoken or written in a laconic and easily memorable form. [1] The name was first used in the Aphorisms of Hippocrates. The term came to be applied later to other sententious statements of physical scien...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Aphorism
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wikidoc
Apitoxin
Apitoxin Apitoxin, or honey bee venom, is a bitter colorless liquid. The active portion of the venom is a complex mixture of proteins, which causes local inflammation and acts as an anticoagulant. The venom is produced in the abdomen of worker bees from a mixture of acidic and basic secretions. Apitoxin is acidic (pH...
Apitoxin Apitoxin, or honey bee venom, is a bitter colorless liquid. The active portion of the venom is a complex mixture of proteins, which causes local inflammation and acts as an anticoagulant. The venom is produced in the abdomen of worker bees from a mixture of acidic and basic secretions. Apitoxin is acidic (p...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Apitoxin
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wikidoc
Apixaban
Apixaban # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc drug...
Apixaban Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Gerald Chi # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Apixaban
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wikidoc
Apoplast
Apoplast Within a plant, the apoplast is the free diffusional space outside the plasma membrane. It is interrupted by the Casparian strip in roots, air spaces between plant cells and the cuticula of the plant. Structurally, the apoplast is formed by the continuum of cell walls of adjacent cells as well as the extracell...
Apoplast Within a plant, the apoplast is the free diffusional space outside the plasma membrane. It is interrupted by the Casparian strip in roots, air spaces between plant cells and the cuticula of the plant. Structurally, the apoplast is formed by the continuum of cell walls of adjacent cells as well as the extracel...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Apoplast
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wikidoc
Apoplexy
Apoplexy # Overview Apoplexy is an old-fashioned medical term, which can be used to mean 'neurological impairment' or 'hemorrhage'. It can be used non-medically to mean a state of extreme rage. The word derives from the Greek word for 'seizure', apoplexia (Template:Polytonic), in the sense of being struck down. # Neu...
Apoplexy Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Apoplexy is an old-fashioned medical term, which can be used to mean 'neurological impairment' or 'hemorrhage'. It can be used non-medically to mean a state of extreme rage. The word derives from the Greek word for 'seizure', apoplexia (Template:P...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Apoplexy