question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The gold standard for diagnosis of echinococcal cyst is | [
"X-ray",
"CT scan",
"USG",
"ELISA"
] | D | USG is the cornerstone for diagnosis and staging of cystic echinococcus (especially liver).MRI is capable of reproducing ultrasound features of cystic echinococcal and is preferred over CT where USG cannot be used because of a difficult location.Serological tests are commonly employed to supplement the radiological dat... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the following is not true about rods? | [
"Least number is present in fovea centralis",
"More sensitive to light than cones",
"Pigment is rhodopsin",
"Useful for the color vision"
] | D | (D) Useful for the color vision > Cones are responsible for colour vision because of their much greater visual acuity and also for vision in light (photopic vision). Rods are the receptors for night vision (scotopic vision). | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is your diagnosis: | [
"Anencephaly",
"Iniencephaly",
"Myelomeningocele",
"Craniorachischisis"
] | D | Ans. D. CranioschisisCranioschisis (Greek: "kranion - kranion" skull, and "schisis -skhi/sis;" - split), or dysraphism, is a developmental birth defect involving the skull. In this disease, the cranium fails to close completely (especially at the occipital region). Thus, the brain is exposed to the amnios, and eventual... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Causes of facial palsy are - | [
"Bell's palsy",
"Herpes infection",
"Acoustic neuroma",
"All of the above"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following chemical nature makes a better antigen? | [
"Lipids",
"Nucleic acids",
"Polysachharides",
"Proteins"
] | D | Antigens are usually peptides, polysaccharides or lipids. In general, molecules other than peptides (saccharides and lipids) qualify as antigens but not as immunogens since they cannot elicit an immune response on their own. Ref: Ananthanarayan & Panikers textbook of microbiology 9th edition pg:88 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Intranasal spray of budesonide is indicated in | [
"Acute sinusitis",
"Common cold",
"Perennial vasomotor rhinitis",
"Epistaxis"
] | C | Budesonide A nonhalogenated glucocoicoid with high topical: systemic activity ratio (greater first pass metabolism). Small fraction that is absorbed is rapidly metabolized; less systemic effects, uses:- 1) Asthma 2). Allergic rhinitis 3) prophylaxis and treatment of seasonal and perennial allergic or vasomotor rhinitis... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is the true action of pralidoxime on cholinesterase enzyme? | [
"Promoting synthesis of cholinestrase",
"Promoting synthesis of acetyl choline",
"Reactivating cholinesterase enzyme",
"Direct action on cholinergic receptors"
] | C | 2-PAM is effective in organophosphate poisoning but is contraindicated in carbamate poisoning. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following can be used as a diagnostic modality for herpes labialis | [
"Tzanck smear",
"Culture",
"Gram stain under microscope",
"PCR assay"
] | D | PCR finds the genetic material (DNA) of the HSV virus. This test can tell the difference between HSV-1 and HSV-2. Using the PCR test on skin sores isn't common. PCR is used mainly for testing spinal fluid in rare cases when herpes may have caused an infection in or around the brain. Antibody tests. Serologic tests are ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Disinfection of the rooms can be done by using | [
"20% phenol",
"High efficiency particle arrestors",
"40% formaldehyde vapour",
"Chlorine gas"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mediators of inflammation are all except - | [
"TNF",
"IFN",
"Myeloperoxidase",
"Prostaglandins/Interleukins"
] | C | Mediators of inflammation:-
The vascular and cellular reactions of both acute and chronic inflammation are mediated by chemical factors known as a mediator of inflammation.
Mediators originate either: -
1. From plasma
Complement proteins, Bradykinin
2. From cells
Cells derived mediators may be performed and are stored ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Propoional moality rate is ? | [
"Number of death due to a paicular cause",
"Number of death during that year",
"Number of death in one month",
"None"
] | A | Propoional moality rate (ratio) Propoional moality rate measures the propoion of total death due to specific cause or propoion of deaths in a paicular age group. It is defined as "number of deaths due to a paicular cause (or in specific age group) per 100 total deaths". It is the &;simplest measure of estimating the bu... | train | med_mcqa | null |
An anatomic structure which has a worm-hole radiolucency is characteristic of | [
"Maxillary sinus",
"Mandibular canal",
"Nutrient canal",
"Mental foramen"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Rose waaler test is? | [
"Passive agglutination for rheumatoid ahiritis",
"Active agglutination for rheumatoid ahiritis",
"Passive agglutination for rheumatic fever",
"Active agglutination for rheumatic fever"
] | A | WAALER-ROSE Bicolor is a haemagglutination slide test for the rapid qualitative and semi-quantitative detection of IgM Rheumatoid Factor in sera from most patients with rheumatoid ahritis. Ref: Ananthanarayana & panikers 9th edition | train | med_mcqa | null |
True statement about Rheumatic fever in childrena) Polyarthritisb) Caused by α hemolytic streptococcic) Most common valve involvement is Mitrald) Erythema marginatum is common in face | [
"bc",
"cd",
"ac",
"ab"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is not a derivative of midgut: | [
"Appendix",
"Jejunum",
"Ascending colon",
"Descending colon"
] | D | Ans. D Descending colonRef: Langman's Medical Embryology, 9th ed. pg. 298* "Descending colon is a derivative of Hindgut"Part Part in adultGives rise toArterial supplyForegutEsophagus to first 2 sections of the duodenumEsophagus, stomach, duodenum (1st and 2nd parts), liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, superior porti... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most likely feature in Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome along with primary amenorrhea is: | [
"Ovary agenesis",
"Absent secondary sexual characteristics",
"Vaginal atresia",
"Bicornuate uterus"
] | C | Mayer Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome (Mullerian agenesis) Congenital hypoplasia or absence of the Vagina(Characteristic feature) in combination with abnormal or absent uterus, Second most common cause of Primary Amenorrhea, Karyotype- 46XX, Gonad- Ovary: normal and functional: responsible for normal external feminis... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Goat milk anemia is because of deficiency of | [
"Iron deficiency",
"Folate deficiency",
"Vitamin B12 deficiency",
"None of the above"
] | B | For cultural and other reasons, such as parental preference, goat milk is sometimes given in place of formula although this is not recommended. Goat milk has been shown to cause significant electrolyte disturbances and anemia because it has low folic acid concentrations.Ref: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics; 20th edition;... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Leukocoria can be seen in all except – | [
"Persistant hyperplastic primary vitreous",
"Congenital glaucoma",
"Fungal endopthalmitis",
"Retinoblastoma"
] | B | Congenital cataract (not congenital glaucoma) can cause leukocoria. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Remote after loading technique useful for | [
"Teletherapy",
"Brachytherapy",
"Stercotactic radiotherapy",
"None"
] | B | Ans. Teletherapy | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following act as gaseous neurotransmitters except | [
"Oxygen",
"Carbon monoxide",
"Nitric oxide",
"H2S"
] | A | (A) Oxygen # TYPES OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS:> There are many different ways to classify neurotransmitters. Dividing them into amino acids, peptides, and monoamines is sufficient for some classification purposes.> Major neurotransmitters:> Amino acids: glutamate, aspartate, D-serine, Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine>... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mrs. A is hesitant about children having kinky hair disease because her two sisters had sons who had died from kinky hair disease. Her mother's brother also died of the same condition. Which of the following is the possible mode of inheritance in her family? (AI 2004) | [
"X-linked recessive",
"X-linked dominant",
"Autosomal recessive",
"Autosomal dominant"
] | A | Kinky hair disease /Menkes syndrome is: X- linked Recessive disorder. Mutations is genes encoding for copper- transpoing protein ATP7A , leading to copper deficiency. Characteristic findings include kinky hair, growth failure, & nervous system deterioration. Manifested only in males. Females are not affected, so they m... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Brown tumour is seen in | [
"Hyperparathyroidism",
"Hypoparathyroidism",
"Hypothyroidism",
"Hypehyroidism"
] | A | Brown's tumour: This is an expansile bone lesion, a collection of osteoclasts. It commonly affects the maxilla or mandible, though any bone may be affected. Commonly seen in Hyperpathyroidism Ref: Maheshwari 6e pg 313. | train | med_mcqa | null |
65 years old male with history of acute onset of vomiting and weight loss was diagnosed to be stomach carcinoma. Whipple's procedure was planned. On preanesthetic evaluation it was found to have deranged kidney function. Inhalational agent of choice:- | [
"Desflurane",
"Sevoflurane",
"Halothane",
"Isoflurane"
] | A | Old age and long duration surgery desflurane is very ourable since minimal metabolism and fast recovery. Desflurane has a low blood solubility with a blood - gas paition coefficient of 0.45.The low solubility of desflurane in blood and body tissues causes a very rapid induction of and emergence from anesthesia | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following does not carry proprioceptive impulses? | [
"Olivo cerebellar tract",
"Tecto cerebellar tract",
"Spino cerebellar tract",
"Cuneo cerebellar tract"
] | B | tectocerebellar tract a bundle of fibers from the tectum of the mesencephalon to the cerebellum Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 edition page number:780,781,782 | train | med_mcqa | null |
The protective factors of breast milk are known to be associated with: | [
"IgM antibodies",
"Lysozyme",
"IgA antibodies",
"Mast Cells"
] | C | Breastmilk contains mainly secretory IgA, which has a specific antigen-targeted anti-infective action. Other protective factors include macrophages, lymphocytes, lactoferrin, lysozyme, Bifidus factor, and interferon. But, as IgA plays a major role, it is the best answer here. Components Of breast milk and diseases they... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Congenital elevation of scapula is called ? | [
"Sprengel shouder",
"Bouchard",
"Boutennier",
"None of the above"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Sprengel shoulder Congenital high scapula (sprengel's shoulder) Congenital high scapula is an uncommon congenital deformity characterized by an abnormally high position and relative fixity of scapula. The anomaly represents a failure of the scapula to descend during development to its normal thoracic ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The recommended non surgical treatment of stress incontinence | [
"Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercises",
"Bladder Training",
"Electrical stimulation",
"Vaginal cone\\/weights"
] | A | Conservative treatment is the first line of treatment especially in younger women Indications Milder forms of incontinence Patient medically unfit for the surgery Patient doesn't wish to undergo surgery Who have yet to complete their families Methods Pelvic floor muscle training : First line Periniometry Vaginal cones ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following features is not shared between 'T cells' and 'B cells' - | [
"Positive Selection during Development",
"Class I MHC Expression",
"Antigen Specific Receptors",
"All of the above"
] | A | Option 1 During development T cells undergo both positive selection and negative selection, while B cells undergo only negative selection (by apoptosis of self-reacting immature B-cells in spleen). Death of cells with TCRs that do not react with self MHC proteins - negative selectionSurvival of cells with TCRs that rea... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Position of the patient should be as described except | [
"Diagnostic laparoscopy- trendlelnburg with about 30 degree tilt",
"Colposcopy - Lithotomy",
"Transvaginal sonography in Gynecology - Lithotomy with full bladder",
"Hysteroscopy - Lithotomy"
] | C | Bladder should be empty during a transvaginal ultrasound | train | med_mcqa | null |
Alpha 2 agonist cause all of the following Except | [
"Analgesia",
"Hyperalgesia",
"Sedation",
"Anxiolysis"
] | B | Ref: KD Tripathi pharmacology 7th edition (page.no: 384) Alpha 2 agonists produce sedation, analgesia, anxiolysis, muscle relaxation, decreases BP they will not increase pain or produce Hyperalgesia eg: clonidine, dexmedetomidine, methyldopa etc | train | med_mcqa | null |
Insulin acts on which enzyme is glycolysis : | [
"Glucokinase",
"Hexokinase",
"Glucose-6-phosphatase",
"All of the above"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not true about
hashimoto’s thyroiditis? | [
"More common in females",
"HLA B8 association",
"Presents after 6-8 weeks of upper respiratory tract infection",
"Can lead to thyroid lymphoma"
] | C | Viral thyroiditis presents 4 to 6 weeks after upper respiratory tract infection. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Stratified sampling is ideal for? | [
"Heterogenous data",
"Homogenous data",
"Both",
"None"
] | A | ANSWER: (A) Heterogenous dataREF: Park 20th edition page 752Repeat from Primary DNB CET December 2008, December 2010SAMPLING METHODS: Simple random samplingSystematic samplingStratified samplingCluster sampling (AKA- Block sampling)PopulationHomogenousHomogenousHeterogenousHeterogenousUse of random number tableRequired... | train | med_mcqa | null |
River blindness is caused by: | [
"Onchocerca",
"Loa Loa",
"Ascaris",
"B. malayi"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Onchocerca(Ref: Harrison, 19th/e, p. 1421)* Onchocerciasis is also known as River blindness Q and fly involved is Simulium fly. | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true about microscopic appearance of pilocytic astrocytoma, EXCEPT: | [
"Bipolar cells",
"Rosenthal fibers",
"Eosinophilic granular bodies",
"Decrease in the number of blood vessels"
] | D | Pilocytic astrocytomas (grade I/IV) are distinguished from the other types by their pathologic appearance and relatively benign behavior On macroscopic examination, a pilocytic astrocytoma is often cystic; if solid, it may be well circumscribed or, less frequently, infiltrative. On microscopic examination the tumor is ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Nerve running along with profunda brachii artery, in spiral groove - | [
"Ulnar",
"Median",
"Radial",
"None"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Radialo Profunda brachii is a branch of brachial artery. It accompanies radial nerve in spiral groove. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Impaired insight is evident in | [
"Psychosomatic disorder",
"Anxiety neurosis",
"Post Traumatic Stress Disorder",
"Schizophrenia"
] | D | D i.e. Schizophrenia | train | med_mcqa | null |
After thyroidectomy for medullary carcinoma of thyroid, which is impoant for determining recurrence of a tumour? | [
"Thyroglobulin",
"TSH",
"Calcitonin",
"Thyroxine"
] | C | High levels of serum calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen are produced by many medullary tumours, which should be tested for in suspected cases.Calcitonin levels fall after resection and rise again with recurrence, making it a valuable tumour marker in the follow-up of patients with this disease.Ref: Bailey and Love... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In right handed person, Direct Laryngoscope is held by which hand? | [
"Left",
"Right",
"Both",
"Either of these"
] | A | Ans is 'a' i.e. Left "Laryngoscope is held by the handle in the left hand. Right hand is used, to retract the lips and guide the laryngoscope and to handle suction and instruments. Dhingra | train | med_mcqa | null |
In Against-the-rule astigmatism | [
"Both meridian are equally curved",
"Veical meridian is more curved than the horizontal",
"Horizontal meridian is more curved than the veical",
"None of the above"
] | C | ASTIGMATISM REGULAR ASTIGMATISM The astigmatism is regular when the refractive power changes uniformly from one meridian to another. Types of regular astigmatism Depending upon the axis and the angle between the two principal meridia, regular astigmatism can be classified into the following types: 1. With-the-rule asti... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Substance P is increased is response pain in periphery by which of the following? | [
"Mast cells",
"Endothelium",
"Plasma",
"Nerve terminals"
] | D | Ans. (d) Nerve terminals(Ref: Ganong, 25th ed/p.141)Substance P#Location- primary afferent neurons in the spinal cord, nigrostriatal system, hypothalamus#Responsible for axon reflex, peristalsis, pain transmission#Receptors- neurokinin receptors (NK1 -NK3 ) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sterilization of media containing serum is by | [
"Autoclaving",
"Micropore filter",
"Gamma radiation",
"Centrifugation"
] | B | Autoclave is used for sterlizing : surgical instruments culture media Plastic containers /Pipettes/Tubes . Gloves,aprons, dressing suture material except catgut Membrane/Micropore filter Membrane filters remove microorganisms by screening them out as they have less pore size than bacteria Made up with cellulose acetate... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Inactivated microorganisms are used in the manufacture of which of the following: | [
"Salk vaccine",
"Tetanus toxoid",
"Sabin's oral vaccine",
"All of the above"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following are enantiomers? | [
"D-glucose and L-glucose",
"D-galactose and L-glucose",
"D-glucose and L-glucose",
"D-glucose and D-mannose"
] | A | Enantiomers are mirror images of each other. D and L isomers are enantiomers. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The secondary flare is necessary for class II cast gold inlay preparation for several reasons, but basically the direction of the flare results in: | [
"Good aesthetics",
"60° marginal metal which is burnishable",
"40° marginal metal which is burnishable",
"10° marginal metal which is burnishable"
] | C | Secondary flare:
It is a flat plane superimposed peripherally to the primary flare. Advantages are:
Secondary flare ensures cavosurface margins to extend into embrasures (self-cleansing area).
Permits easy burnishing and finishing of the restoration.
Produces more obtuse-angled and stronger cavosurface margin.
In cla... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Curvature of cornea can be measured by – | [
"Keratometry",
"Direct ophthalmoscopy",
"Retino scopy",
"Perimetry"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient presenting with painful Myositis Ossificans around Elbow. What should be the preferred treatment option in this case? | [
"Active mobilization",
"Passive mobilization",
"Infra-Red Therapy",
"Immobilization"
] | D | Ans. D. Immobilization* Treatment of myositis ossificans (MO): when MO is active, immobilization is the best treatment & any attempt at removal of the mass is hazardous.* When silent and ALP/ESR levels are normal, it can safely be removed (generally after 1.5 years) if causing block in movements.* Indomethacin/low dose... | train | med_mcqa | null |
For satisfactory vision t he minimum illumination accepted is - | [
"15 to 20 foot candles",
"30 to 40 candles",
"40 to 50 candles",
"70 to 90 candles"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 15 to 20 foot candles | train | med_mcqa | null |
In acute fluoride toxicity we use: | [
"Vinegar",
"Milk",
"Water",
"NaHCO3"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Chronic fibrosing mediastinitis is seen ina) Tuberculosisb) Histoplasmosisc) Plagued) Sarcoidosis | [
"acd",
"bcd",
"abc",
"abd"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Choose the appropriate lettered structure in this computed tomography scan of the female perineum and pelvis. Which structure is innervated by the nerve passing through both the greater and lesser sciatic foramina? | [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
] | B | (b) The obturator internus muscle and its fascia form the lateral wall of the ischiorectal fossa. This muscle is innervated by the nerve to the obturator internus, which passes through the greater and lesser sciatic foramen. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is a scotochromogen? | [
"M.fouitum",
"M.kansasii",
"M.ulcerans",
"M.scrofulaceum"
] | D | The organisms which produce the pigment chiefly in the dark are called scotochromogens. M. scrofulaceum causes scrofula, a granulomatous cervical adenitis, usually in children. (M. tuberculosis also causes scrofula.) The organism enters through the oropharynx and infects the draining lymph nodes. Its natural habitat is... | train | med_mcqa | null |
treatment of withdrawal is required in ? | [
"LSD",
"Opium",
"Alcohol",
"Amphetamine"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., LSD Clinically significant withdrawal syndrome (requires treatment) :-Alcohol, opioids, amphetamines, Barbiturates, BZDs, Nicotine. No or minimal clinically significant withdrawal syndrome (requires no treatment) :- LSD (nil), Cannabis (minimal). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Killer cells & helper cells are pa of - | [
"B cells",
"T cells",
"Monocytes",
"Macrophages"
] | B | The category of effector T cell is a broad one that includes various T cell types that actively respond to a stimulus, such as co-stimulation. This includes helper, killer, regulatory, and potentially other T cell types. Reff: Ananthanarayanan & Panikers textbook of microbiology 9th edition pg: 135 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which route is most preferred for Endopthalmitis treatment - | [
"Oral antibiotic",
"Intravenous antibiotic",
"Topical antibiotic",
"Intravitreat antibiotic"
] | D | (Ref: Kanski's clinical ophthalmology 8th/e p.292) Intravitreat antibiotics is the most preferred mode of treatment. | train | med_mcqa | null |
All the following nerves are involved in entrapment neuropathy, EXCEPT: | [
"Femoral nerve",
"Median nerve",
"Ulnar nerve",
"Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh"
] | A | Femoral Nerve has not been mentioned to be involved in Entrapment syndromes. The other three nerves medial ulnar and lateral cutaneous nerve entrapments occurs commonly. Thus femoral nerve is the best option. Ref: Apley's System of Ohopedics and Fractures, 8th Edition, Pages 246-252; Clinical Primer of Rheumatology By ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The law stating that "the relative frequency of each gene allele tend to remain constant from generation to generation" is known as ? | [
"Mendel's law",
"Hardy-Weinberg law",
"David-Morgan's law",
"Lamarck's law"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Hardy-Weinberg law Hardly-Weinberg law The hardly-weinberg law states that "The relative frequencies of each gene allele tends to remain constant from generation to generation". Thus, the study of gene frequencies, and the influences which operate to alter the "gene pool" and their long term consequen... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about this condition is | [
"Hamaoma of naevo-melanocytes",
"Increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma",
"Limited to dermis",
"Regress completely by 7 years"
] | A | This is Giant congenital pigmented naevus (GCPN) or giant hairy naevusIt is a hamaoma of naevo-melanocytes that has a tendency to dermatomal distribution. It has a similar histology to compound naevi, but the naevus cells are distributed variably from the epidermis throughout all layers and into the subdermal fat and m... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most characteristic features of actual inflammation in- | [
"Vasoconstriction",
"Vascular stasis",
"Vasodilation and increased vascular permeability",
"Margination of leukocytes"
] | C | EFFECTS OF VARIOUS MEDIATORS
o Various effects of inflammatory mediators are
1. Increased vascular permeability Histamine, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), anaphylatoxins (C3a, C4a, C5a), PAF, leukotrienes (LTC4, D4, E4), bradykinin.
□ PAF is the most potent one to increase permeability.
2. Chemoattractant C5a (most po... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about barbiturates ? | [
"Have steep dose response curve",
"Have analgesic action",
"Are enzyme inhibitors",
"Acidification of urine is done in poisoning"
] | A | Ans. is ,a, i.e., Have steep dose response curve(Ref: Goodmen & Gillmen |2',h/e p. 471)Barbiturates depress all areas of CNS, but the reticular activating system is most sensitive.Barbiturates have steep dose response curve.Except For phenobarbitone in epiteliu andthiopentonein anaesthesia,barbituratesare used now'The ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Reversed splitting of second hea sound is seen in all of the following except | [
"Aoic stenosis",
"Left bundle branch block",
"Atrial septal defect",
"Systemic hypeension"
] | C | Causes of Fixed (wide) splitASD (Most characteristic cause for wide fixed splitting)Pulmonic StenosisAcute Right Hea Failure (Pulmonary Embolism)Refer: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th edition, pg no: 1921-1923 | train | med_mcqa | null |
International Notification is must in the following except | [
"Cholera",
"Plague",
"Paralytic polio",
"Yellow fever"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
CSF is partly absorbed by lymphatics around cranial nerves - | [
"I, II, VII, VIII",
"I, II, VI, VII",
"I, III, VII, VIII",
"I, II, VI, VIII"
] | A | CSF is absorbed through 3 ways:
Arachnoid villi and granulations (main)
Perineural lymphatics around 1st, 2nd, and 8th cranial nerves and
Veins related to spinal nerves. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Commonest trophozoite infection by sexual intercourse- | [
"Entamoeba histolytica",
"Trichomonas vaginalis",
"Trepanoma palidium",
"Giardia intestinales"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Nimodipine is given in: | [
"Extradural hemorrhage",
"Subdural hemorrhage",
"Intracerebral",
"Subarachnoid hemorrhage"
] | D | Ans. (D) Subarachnoid hemorrhage(Ref: Katzung 13th/e p202)Nimodipine is a cerebroselective calcium channel blocker indicated in subarachnoid hemorrhage. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The cubitus-valgus deformity is a complication of - | [
"# Lateral condyle of humerus",
"# Intercondylar of humerus",
"It of the olecranon",
"# Head of the radius"
] | A | Cubitus valgus is a common complication.
It is caused by persistent upward displacement of the fractured condyle or by retardation of epiphyseal growth on the affected side from damage to the growing epiphyseal cartilage. | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true regarding staphylococcal toxin except | [
"Beta haemolysin shows hot cold phenomenon",
"Mainly endotoxin",
"Enterotoxin causes food poisoning",
"Exfoliative toxin causes Ritter's syndrome"
] | B | Staphylococcus toxins are: Cytolytic toxins Enterotoxins Exfoliative toxins Cytolytic toxins are four hemolysins and leucocidin: Alpha hemolysins: It is a protein inactivated at 70-degree Celsius and reactivated at 100 degree Celsius Beta-hemolysin shows hot cold phenomenon Gamma hemolysin is composed of two separate p... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Schizophrenia is associated ……………. personalities - | [
"Atheletic",
"Psthesis",
"Asthenic",
"All"
] | C | Schizophrenic patients usually have two types of personality:
Pyretic (fat) which indicates good prognosis; and
Asthenic (thin) which indicates bad prognosis. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Smoking predisposes to all of the following cancers EXCEPT: September 2012 | [
"Carcinoma larynx",
"Carcinoma bladder",
"Carcinoma esophagus",
"Lymphoma"
] | D | Ans: D i.e. Lymphoma | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following agents is useful for the oral treatment ofboth pituitary as well as renal diabetes insipidus? | [
"Vasopressin",
"Hydrochlohiazide",
"Chlorpropamide",
"Carbamazepine"
] | B | (Ref: KDT 6/e p577, 578) Thiazides are useful in the treatment of central as well as nephrogenic DI. Vasopressin, chlorpropamide and carbamazepine are useful only in central DI. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Principle function of cyanocobalamine is | [
"Post translational carboxylation of protein",
"Acts as coenzymes for methionine synthase and L methyl melonyl CoA synthase",
"A coenzyme for one carbone transfer in nucleic acid metabolism",
"A cofactor for decarboxylase of ketoacid"
] | C | The principle function of cyanocobalamine is coenzyme for one carbon transfer in nucleic acid metabolism. When the methyl group replaces the adenosyl group, it is known as methylcobalamin. This is the major form seen in blood circulation as well as in the cytoplasm of cells. Tetrahydrofolate is mostly trapped as N5-met... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Axillary nerve is a branch of which part of brachial plexus - | [
"Trunk",
"Medial cord",
"Lateral cord",
"Posterior cord"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Posterior cord Supraclavicular branches of brachial plexuso Branches of brachial plexus which are above the clavicle are called supraclavicular branches,o These arise from roots and trunks.Supraclavicular branches of brachial plexusFrom roots1. Nerves to scaleni and longus colli2. Branch to phrenic ne... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Heparin, apart from releasing lipoprotein lipase in the blood exerts its anti-coagulant action by: | [
"Binding to calcium",
"Inhibiting fibrinogen synthesis",
"Inhibiting prothrombin synthesis",
"Inhibiting thrombin synthesis"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Rarest type of thyroid carcinoma is | [
"Papillary",
"Follicular",
"Medullary",
"Anaplastic"
] | D | Undifferentiated (anaplastic) carcinoma
This is one of the most aggressive malignancies in humans.
Thankfully it is rare. It may develop de novo, or present as dedifferentiation of a papillary or poorly differentiated carcinoma. The disease is characterised by rapid growth, visceral invasion and distant metastases.... | train | med_mcqa | null |
'Vagitus uterins' is - | [
"An infection of vegina",
"An infection of uterus",
"A cry of unborn baby from uterus",
"Infection of both vegina and uterus"
] | C | Ref:Forensic medicine and toxicology (V.V.Pillay) 17th edition, page no.379 Sometimes a child may cry even while it is still in the uterus or vagina (after the membranes rutured). This called Vagitus uterinus and vagitus vagainalis, respectively, And yet when child is actually born, i.e.,has come to exterior, it may be... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A child who was given aspirin died , pathological autopsy done,which shows the characteristic feature which can be used for making diagnosis of death. This feature is ? | [
"Fibrosis.",
"Cirrhosis.",
"Steatosis.",
"Hepatocellular carcinoma"
] | C | Reye syndrome occurs most often in small children after an acute febrile illness that has been treated with aspirin. It presents with hepatic failure and encephalopathy, but the pathogenesis of this syndrome and its relation to aspirin are not understood. The liver biopsy consistently shows microvesicular steatosis(fat... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vomiting centre is situated in the | [
"Hypothalamus",
"Amygdala",
"Rons",
"Medulla"
] | D | Vomiting refers to the forceful expulsion of contents from stomach and intestine. Vomiting centre is situated in the reticular formation of medulla oblongata near the vagal nucleus. Vomiting may be initiated by either activation of vomiting centre or by an activation of the chemoreceptor trigger zone. It may be activat... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 6 month old infant presented with multiple papules & exudative lesions on the face, scalp, trunk and few vesicles on palms and soles for 2 weeks. His mother has H/O itchy lesions. The most likely diagnosis is | [
"Scabies",
"Infantile eczema",
"Infantile seborrheic dermatitis",
"Impetigo"
] | A | 6 month old infant presented with multiple papules & exudative lesions on the face, scalp, trunk and few vesicles on palms and soles for 2 weeks. His mother has H/O itchy lesions. The most likely diagnosis is scabies. infantile scabies is characterised by vesicles erythematous papules,pustules , vesicles over the face ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 55 year old cardiac patient who was on long-term treatment comes for follow up visit. The physician observes the following finding on ophthalmological examination. Which drug prescribed by the physician would most probably be responsible for this? | [
"Digoxin",
"Verapamil",
"Amiodarone",
"Propranolol"
] | C | The image shows "voex keratopathy". Here, there is a whorl-like pattern of epithelial deposits in the cornea. Causes:Drugs-Amiodarone, Chloroquine, Phenothiazines, Indomethacin Fabry's disease and its carrier stateThe whorl-like pattern shows the direction of migration of corneal epithelial cells. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mc Ardles disease is due to deficiency of | [
"Liver phosphorylase",
"Muscle phosphorylase",
"Glycogen phosphorylase",
"Galactase"
] | B | Glycogen storage diseases TYPE NAME DEFICIENT ENZYME CLINICAL FEATURES Type I von Gierke's disease Glucose-6-phosphatase Fasting hypoglycemia; hepatomegaly,thrombocyte dysfunction. Type II Pompe's disease Lysosomal maltase Accumulation of glycogen in lysosomes of liver, hea and muscle; death before 2 years Type III Lim... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 52-year-old woman loses her right kidney following an automobile accident. A CT scan of the abdomen 2 years later shows marked enlargement of the left kidney. The renal enlargement is an example of which of the following adaptations? | [
"Atrophy",
"Dysplasia",
"Hyperplasia",
"Hyperophy"
] | D | Hyperophy Response to trophic signals or increased functional demand and is commonly a normal process. The molecular basis of hyperophy reflects the increased expression of growth-promoting genes (proto-oncogenes) such as myc and ras. -Hyperplasia (choice C) of renal tubular cells may occur, but an enlargement of the k... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Massage and the application of ligaments to painful areas in the body relieves pain due to- | [
"Stimulation of endogenous analgesic system",
"Release of endorphins by the first order neurons in the brain stem",
"Release of glutamate and substance P in the spinal cord",
"Inhibition by large myelinated afferent fibres"
] | D | Ans. D. Inhibition by large myelinated afferent fibresa. Pain:Receptors: naked nerve ending (free nerve ending found in almost every tissues of the body. & Tract Antolateral- spinothalamic tractTypes of PainNerve fiber involved in transmissionSynaptic transmitters1. Fast mild pain (first or fast pain)Small diameter mye... | train | med_mcqa | null |
5 year old child going to sitting craniotomy while positioning in O.T. developed end tidal CO2 0mm HgPO2 80 mm Hg implies – | [
"Endotracheal tube in oesophagus",
"E.T. blocked with secretion",
"Venous air Embolism",
"Left lung collapse"
] | C | Information in this question : -
Child is under going sitting craniotomy
Rapid fall of ETCO2 (while in position, child develops ETCO20)
This indicates venous air embolism due to sitting craniotomy.
In esophageal intubation, ETCO2 will be zero from the start only (unlike venous air embolism in which initially there ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Polyamine like putrescine is derived from: | [
"Arginine",
"Ornithine",
"Yohimibine",
"Arginosuccine"
] | B | Ans. (b) Ornithine* Polyamines like spermine, spermidine and putrescine metabolite are produced from L-ornithine by action of ODC (ornithine decarboxylase).* S-Adenosylmethionine, the methyl group donor for many biosynthetic processes, also participates directly in spermine and spermidine biosynthesis. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The 'a' wave of jugular venous pulse is produced by- | [
"Atrial relaxation",
"Atrial systole",
"Atrial diastole",
"Rapid venous filling"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
In conversion disorder, all are found except - | [
"Jealousy",
"Paralysis",
"Anaesthesia",
"Abnormal gait"
] | A | Sensory:- Anesthesia, paresthesia, hemianesthesia, deafness, blindness, tubular vision.
Motor:- Abnormal movement, paralysis, weakness, gait disturbances, aphonia, torticollis, opisthotonus, blepharospasm. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Best method of preventing transmission of MRSA infection is | [
"Hand wash",
"Antibiotics",
"Disinfecting surfaces",
"Fumigation of the ward"
] | A | Measures for the control of staphylococcal infections in hospitals:*Isolation of patients with open staphylococcal lesion*Detection of staphylococcal lesions among doctors and health care workers*Hand washing is the oldest, simplest and most effective method of preventing MRSA and other cross infections.*Following stri... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Leucine-Zipper complex is | [
"DNA binding protein",
"Membrane attack complex",
"B cell epitomes",
"Receptor ligand protein"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is not included in the triad of hemolytic uremic syndrome? | [
"Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia",
"Thrombocytopenia",
"Renal insufficiency",
"Coagulopathy"
] | D | D of HUS :- A- Acute renal failure T- Thrombocytopenia M- Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia Most common organism causing HUS World (All over) | Verotoxin - producing E.coli (0157:H7) South Asia (India) | Shigella dysenteria I | train | med_mcqa | null |
Verapamil is not associated with: | [
"Diabetes.",
"Constipation.",
"Bradycardia.",
"Increased PR internal."
] | A | Thiazides and beta-blockers are not safe in diabetic patients | train | med_mcqa | null |
Northern blotting used in separation and diagnosis of: | [
"Histones",
"Proteins",
"RNA",
"DNA"
] | C | Ans: (c) RNARef: Ananthanarayan and Paniker, 9th edition, Page 65Southern blotting - DNANorthern blotting - RNAWestern blotting - ProteinsMnemonic: North India - Roti; South India - Dosa; Western countries- Pizza (R-RNA; D-DNA; P-Proteins). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vogt's striae shown below are seen in: | [
"Congenital glaucoma",
"Keratoconus",
"Aphakia",
"Subluxated lens"
] | B | Ans. (b) Keratoconus. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common complication of lateral condyle humerus fracture | [
"Malunion",
"Nonunion",
"VIC",
"Median nerve injury"
] | B | Among the given options, non union is the most common complication Refer Rock wood and Wilkins 7th/e p 547 | train | med_mcqa | null |
The protection againts small pox by previous infection with cowpox represents - | [
"Antigenic cross-reactivity",
"Antigenic specificity",
"Passive immunity",
"Innate immunity"
] | A | Cross-reactivity applies to the reaction between two different species as opposed to the self-reactivity.In immunology, the cross-reactivity has a more narrow meaning of the reaction between an antibody and an antigen that differs from the immunogen. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Earliest feature of vitamin deficiency is: | [
"Conjunctival xerosis",
"Nyctalopia",
"Retinopa thy",
"Pain"
] | A | Conjunctival xerosis | train | med_mcqa | null |
Premature filling of veins on cerebral angiography is a feature of | [
"Trauma",
"Brain tumour",
"Aeriovenous malformation",
"Aerial occlusion"
] | C | . | train | med_mcqa | null |
Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis is associated with - | [
"Follows skin and throat infection",
"Antibiotic treatment induces remission",
"Is a cause of chronic renal failure in majority of children",
"All"
] | A | Ans. is `a' i.e., Follows skin and throat infection Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis o PSGN appears 1 to 4 weeks after a streptococcal infection of pharynx or skin (impetigo). It is caused by ceain nephritogenic serotypes of group A f3-hemolytic streptococcus (not by all serotypes). o The lesions are caused by imm... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bony nasal septal perforation is seen in? | [
"Tuberculosis",
"Syphilis",
"Leprosy",
"Rhinosporidiosis"
] | B | Ans. (b) SyphilisRef: Dhingra 5thed p.166 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Roots involved in Erb&;s palsy are | [
"Posterior primary rami of C6- C7",
"Anterior primary rani of C5-C6",
"Posterior primary rami of C8-T1",
"Posterior primary rami of C7-C8"
] | B | Erb's point: one region of the upper trunk of the brachial plexuses is called Erb's point. Six nerves meet here. Injury to the upper trunk causes Erb's paralysis. CAUSES: undue separation of the head from the shoulder, which is common in -Bih injury Fall on the shoulder During anaesthesia Nerve roots involved C5, C6, S... | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is the critical temperature of N2O | [
"118 degrees",
"-88 degrees",
"26 degrees",
"36.5 degrees"
] | D | In thermodynamics, a critical point (or critical state) is the endpoint of a phase equilibrium curve. The most prominent example is the liquid-vapor critical point, the endpoint of the pressure-temperature curve that designates conditions under which a liquid and its vapor can coexist. At higher temperatures, the gas c... | train | med_mcqa | null |
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