question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
values | rationale stringlengths 0 22.5k ⌀ | split stringclasses 1
value | dataset stringclasses 6
values | subject stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shepherd's crook deformity is a characteristic radiological feature of | [
"Osteosarcoma",
"Chondrosarcoma",
"Fibrous dysplasia",
"Vertebral hemangioma"
] | C | Shepherd's crook deformity - Fibrous dysplasia
Coat - hanger appearance - Osteochondroma. | train | med_mcqa | null |
IL -1 produces - | [
"T lymphocyte activation",
"Delayed wound healing",
"Increased pain perception",
"Decreased PMN release from bone marrow"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., T-Iymphocyte activation . Also known as leucocyte activating factor (LAF) or B cell activating factor (BAF). . Principally secreted by macrophages and monocytes; and epithelial cells. . Other sources are B lymphocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells. . Immunological effects? - Activation of T cells... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Albumin is | [
"Nucleo protein",
"Chromo protein",
"Phospho protein",
"Simple protein"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Compared with cow's milk, mother's milk has more - | [
"Lactose",
"Vitamin D",
"Proteins",
"Fat"
] | A | Lactose content in cows milk-4.4g ,breast milk-7.4g per 100grams.REF.PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE.Editon-21.Page no.-582 table 21 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Myenteric plexus is present in | [
"Muscularis externa",
"Submucosa",
"Mucosa",
"Serosa"
] | A | The myenteric plexus ( Auerbach&;s plexus), is situated between the outer longitudinal and middle circular muscle layers.The submucous plexus ( Meissner&;s plexus) is present between the middle circular layer and mucosa.Collectively these neurons constitute the enteric nervous system.It is also referred to as the " LIT... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In amyloidosis, the following appearance will be seen in | [
"X-ray crystallography",
"Electron microscope",
"Spiral electron microscope",
"Congo red stain"
] | A | X-ray crystallography and infrared spectroscopy demonstrate a characteristic cross-b-pleated sheet conformation.This confirmation is seen regardless of the clinical setting or chemical composition and is responsible for the distinctive Congo red staining and birefringence of amyloid.By electron microscopy, all types of... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mother with previous history of delivery a CAH child, what to do in next pregnancy in regard to steroid therapy | [
"To sta before conception",
"To sta as soon as pregnancy is diagnosed",
"After chorionic villous sampling",
"Determine sex on usg and then sta steroid therapy"
] | B | CAH (congenital adrenal hyperplasia) is associated with masculinisation of a female fetus caused by reduced or absent enzymatic activity at one of the stages of adrenal steroid biosynthesis. Prenatal exposure to androgens leads to external genital masculinisation of the affected female child. Since it is an autosomal r... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cardiotoxicity is the side effect of | [
"Bleomycin",
"Topotecan",
"Rubidomycin",
"Procarbazine"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Rubidomycin Anthracycline induced cardiotoxicity* Rubidomycin and doxorubicin are the anthracycline anti - tumor antibiotics* They have cardiotoxicity as a adverse effect.* This can manifest either acutely with ECG changes, arrhythmias and hypotension, which are reversible, or be delayed like CHF.* CH... | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is the content of Pediatric iron folic acid tablet supplied under the reproductive and child health programme? | [
"Iron 60 mg, Folic Acid 500 mcg",
"Iron 100 mg, Folic Acid 500 mcg",
"Iron 500 mg, Folic Acid 100 mcg",
"Iron 20 mg, Folic Acid 100 mcg"
] | D | A pediatric tablet/syrup of IFA contains: 20 mg elemental iron and 100 mcg folic acid (to be given for 100 days minimum every year till 5 years age of child) biweekly. An IFA tablet of Pregnant female contains: 60 mg elemental iron, 500 mcg folic acid (to be given for 180 days minimum in pregnancy and 180 days during l... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are true about Glycopyrrcolate except | [
"It is a muscarine receptor antagonist",
"It decreases oropharyngeal secretions",
"It is a tertiary amine in structure",
"It is used as a preanesthetic medication"
] | C | Glycopyrrolate is quartenary amine which can't cross BBB and hence carries no CNS side effects. | train | med_mcqa | null |
On examination of the ear of a patient you observe that the left ear tympanic membrane is reddish, immobile and bulging whilst the right ear tympanic membrane is white, mobile and translucent these findings suggest: | [
"Right ear normal with left AOM",
"Left ear normal with right AOM",
"Bilateral ear normal",
"Bilateral AOM"
] | A | (Refer: PL Dhingra, Textbook of Ear, Nose, Throat, 6th edition, pg no: 69)
Left ear TM – Reddish, immobile and bulging suggestive of left ear with acute otitis media
Right ear TM – White, mobile and translucent suggestive of normal right ear | train | med_mcqa | null |
Deep venous system of brain consists of -a) Internal cerebral veinb) Great cerebral veinc) Basal veinsd) Cavernous sinus | [
"abc",
"bc",
"acd",
"bcd"
] | A | Deep veins of the cerebral hemispheres
Internal cerebral veins (two)
Basal veins (two)
Great cerebral vein of GalenQ | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mechanism of action of colchicine is: | [
"Suppresses immunity",
"Increased uric acid excretion",
"Decreased uric acid synthesis",
"None of the above"
] | A | Suppresses immunity | train | med_mcqa | null |
The child shown below is suffering from a congenital hea disease. Which congenital hea defect is seen most commonly seen in these children? | [
"Patent ductus aeriosus",
"Atrial septal defect",
"Atrioventricular septal defect",
"Ventricular septal defect"
] | C | This child is suffering from Down syndrome. Impoant 'must know' facts about Down syndrome: - Trisomy 21 - MC - d/t maternal meiotic non-dysjunction - Risk increase with increase in mother's age - QMc hea disease in Down syndrome - AVSD (Atrioventricular septal defect) aka Endocardial cushion defect | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is a feature of adipocere? | [
"Rancid smelling wax like substance",
"Foul smelling oily liquid",
"Has no paicular smell",
"None of the above"
] | A | Adipocere = Saponification- hydrolysis and hydrogenation of fat (Olein and higher fatty acid) by lipases + lecithinase (Cl. Perfringens) hydrolysis, hydrogenation - with Ca+, NH3 - insoluble soap (whole fat to palmitic, oleic, stearic and hydroxy stearic acid). After death - fat contain - 1/2 % FA. In adipocere - FA | ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
30 year male with chronic diarrhoea, anemia, raised liver enzymes. Most likely associated with: | [
"Antimitochondrial antibody",
"Anti-endomysial antibody",
"Anti-smooth muscle antibody",
"Antinuclear antibody"
] | B | Answer is B (Anti-endomysial antibody): Presence of chronic diarrhea, anemia and elevated liver enzymes is consistent with a diagnosis of Coeliac disease. Antiendomysial antibodies are highly sensitive and specific for diagnosis of celiac disease and the single best answer of choice amongst the options provided. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which cholesterol is designated as “Good Cholesterol” - | [
"HDL",
"VLDL",
"LDL",
"IDL"
] | A | o The level of HDL in serum is inversely related to the incidence of MI.
o As it is “antiatherogenic” or “protective” in nature, HDL is known as “good cholesterol”. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Good prognosis in schizophrenia is indicated by - | [
"Soft neurological signs",
"Affective symptoms",
"Emotional blunting",
"Insidious onset"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Affective symptoms o Presence of depression (affective symptom) is a good prognostic factor.PROGNOSTIC FACTORS FOR SCHIZOPHRENIAGood Prognostic FactorsPoor Prognostic Factorsl. Acute or abrupt onset1. Insidious onset2. Onset > 35 years of age (late onset)2. Onset < 20 years of age (early onset )3. Pre... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not a channelopathy? | [
"Cystic fibrosis",
"Liddle's syndrome",
"Tay-sach's disease",
"Hypokalemic periodic paralysis"
] | C | Channelopathy
A channelopathy refers to a disease involving dysfunction of an ion channel.
Channelopathies are known that involve the ion channels for potassium, chloride, sodium and calcium
Ion channels serve many functions apart from electrical signal transduction: chemical signalling ( Ca 2+ as a second messenger),... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Kayser fleisher ring is characteristic of? | [
"Hemosiderosis",
"Wilson disease",
"Tyrosinemia",
"Hereditary cataract"
] | B | KANSWER: (B) Wilson diseaseREF: Khurana 4th ed page 181 & 410, Yanoff 2nd ed page 278"Kayser-Fleischer rings are caused by copper deposits, and are indicative of Wilson's disease, whereas Fleischer rings are caused by iron deposits and are indicative of keratoconus"In Wilson's disease, an autosomal recessive disorder, ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ideal substance for measuring GFR should have the following characteristics EXCEPT: | [
"Should be secreted in tubules",
"Should be nontoxic",
"Should not remain in the body",
"Should not be protein bound"
] | A | Ans. a (Should be secreted in tubules). (Ref. Ganong, Physiology, 21st/pg.709)GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE (GFR)Characteristics of a substance suitable for measuring the GFR, by determining its clearance:1. Freely filtered (i.e., not bound to protein in plasma or sieved in the process of ultrafiltration).2. Not reabsorbe... | train | med_mcqa | null |
During Acute tonsillitis referred pain from tonsil to the middle ear is along | [
"Glossopharyngeal nerve",
"Facial nerve",
"Trigeminal nerve",
"Vagus nerve"
] | A | Tonsils and tonsillar fossa are supplied by the glossopharyngeal nerve Any irritation or pain can be referred to the ear along the tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal (Jacobson's) nerve. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Subpoena is a: | [
"Legal document",
"Medicolegal document",
"Medical document",
"First information repo (FIR)"
] | A | Summon/ Subpnoea Summon: legal document compelling the attendance of a witness in a cou of law, under penalty, on a paicular day, time and place for the purpose of giving evidence. Types of summons: Subpoena duces tecum: Witness is required to bring the relevant documentary evidences to the cou specified in the subpoen... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The lower lip gets its sensory supply through the: | [
"Buccal branch of the facial nerve",
"Buccal branch of the mandibular nerve",
"Mandibular branch of the facial nerve",
"Mental nerve"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
False statement regarding Schilling test is: | [
"Unlabelled B12 is given IM",
"Labelled B12 given orally",
"Vit B12 excreted in urine",
"Abnormal test rules out primary intestinal malabsorption"
] | D | Schilling test - its test useful in diagnosis of etiology of vitamin B12 deficiency This test is divided into 2 main stages Stages Steps Result Stage 1 Oral radiolabeled vitamin B12 is given followed by unlabeled IM VITAMIN B12 A 24-hour urine collection monitors the absorption and the excretion Normal finding:-Excreti... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects: | [
"Red blood cells",
"Fibroblasts",
"Helper T lymphocytes (CD4)",
"Mast cells"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Active replication in Hepatitis B infection is indicated by ? | [
"HBeAg",
"HBsAg",
"HBcAg",
"Anti-HBsAg"
] | A | Circulating HBeAg is an indicator of active intra hepatic viral replication REF:ANANTHANARYANAN TEXT BOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9EDITION PGNO.547 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Increased level of NM indicates? | [
"Vaccination",
"Immunized person",
"Acute infection",
"Chronic infection"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Acute Infection IgM is the earliest immunoglobulin class to be synthesized by the fetus, begining at 20 weeks of age. As it is not transpoed across the placenta, the presence of IgM in the fetus or newborn indicates intrauterine infection and its detection is useful in the diagnosis of congenital infe... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Parameningeal Rhabdomyosarcoma is best diagnosed by – | [
"MRI",
"CT Scan",
"SPECT",
"PET"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Valproic acid causes all EXCEPT | [
"It is an enzyme inducer",
"It causes obesity",
"It causes Hirsutism",
"It causes neural tube defects"
] | C | It causes Hirsutism REF: KDT 7th ed p. 408 Adverse effects of valproate: Anorexia, vomiting, hea burn are common Drowsiness, ataxia, tremor are dose related Alopecia, curling of hair Increased bleeding tendency, thrombocytopenia Rashes and hypersensitivity phenomenon Asymptomatic rise in serum transaminase Fulminant he... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are true regarding Norwegian scabies except | [
"Psoriasiform plaques common",
"Itching is mild or absent",
"Large number of parasites present",
"Children commonly affected"
] | D | Norwegian or crusted scabies Seen in immunocompromised patients (with lymphoreticular or other malignancies, HIV infection, and those on immunosuppressives) and those who are mentally challenged. Clinical presentation:- Thick, scaling, crusted plaques that are found most commonly on the hands, feet, and scalp but may b... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Rickets in infancy is characterised by the following except: | [
"Craniotabes",
"Rachitic rosary",
"Wide open fontanelles",
"Bow legs"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e. Bow legs Ghai states - "Long bones of legs get deformed when the child starts bearing weight. Therefore deformities of legs are unusual before the age of 1 year. Anterior bowing of legs, knock knee and coxa vera are the usual deformities. "Clinical manifestation of Rickets:The main factor responsible f... | train | med_mcqa | null |
On exposure to air, urine colour changes to olive green in poisoning with: (PGI June 2008) | [
"Carbolic add",
"Cyclophosphamide",
"Phenopthalein",
"Ethelene glycol"
] | A | Ans.: A (Carbolic acid poisoning) "Carbolic acid (phenol) poisoning urine may be colorless or slightly green at first but turns green'-1 or even black on exposure to air"- Reddy 27thf470Carbolic acid0|Oxidation|Oxidation (metabolism in body)|Hvdroquinone & pvrocatechol|Excreted in urine|Further oxidation|Green colour o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 38 year old female patient was on Isoniazid therapy for tuberculosis. She developed rashes on the exposed pas of her body. She has disoriented memory. Family members gives history of diarrhea also. What is the diagnosis: | [
"Tuberculosis skin lesions",
"Niacin deficiency",
"Isoniazid neuropathy",
"Some other drug has caused this"
] | B | Isoniazid inhibits the endogenous synthesis of niacin. So the patient has developed pellagra i.e. dermatitis, dementia and diarrhea. Prolonged treatment with isoniazid leads to pyridoxine deficiency, which is required for endogenous synthesis of niacin. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Regular drinking of which of the following fruit juices can prevent UTI: | [
"Raspberry",
"Grape",
"Cranberry",
"Orange"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e. Cranberry Cranberry juice has been traditionally used for the treatment and prophylaxis of urinary tract infection. Recent randomized controlled trials have demonstrated its utility in prophylaxis of UTIs but not for treatment. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The patient is delivered by cesarean section under general anaesthesia. The baby and placenta are easily delivered, but the uterus is noted to be boggy and atonic despite the intravenous infusion of Pitocin. All of the following are appropriate agents to use next Except | [
"Methylergonovine (Methergine) administered intramuscularly",
"Prostaglandin F2a intramuscularly",
"Misoprostol (Cytotec) suppositories",
"Terbutaline administered intravenously"
] | D | Methylergonovine, prostaglandin F2a, prostaglandin E1 (Misoprostol), and prostaglandin E2 (Hemabate)are all uterotonic agents that can be used in situations where there is a postpaum haemorrhage due to uterine atony.Terbutaline would be contraindicated in this situation because it is a tocolytic that is used to promote... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Syndrome not related with leukemia is? | [
"Bloom syndrome",
"Down syndrome",
"Ataxia telangiectasia",
"Turners syndrome"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following special histology stains are used to demonstrate H. pylori in gastric biopsies, except: | [
"Fite's stain",
"Giemsa stain",
"Wahin-Starry stain",
"Modified Steiner's stain"
] | A | Fite's Acid fast stain (Fite-Faraco staining) is used for detection of Lepra bacilli (M. leprae) The following stains are used for detection of Helicobacter pylori in biopsies and tissue specimens: Routine hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) stain Special stains: Giemsa Wahin-Starry Pap stain Genta Modified Steiner Diff-Quik | train | med_mcqa | null |
The diphtheria toxin has an affinity for all the following tissues EXCEPT | [
"Myocardium",
"Brain",
"Adrenals",
"Liver"
] | D | The diphtheria toxin is the sole virulence factor of C. diphtheriae. Responsible for both local effects and systemic complications. It is encoded by a lysogenic beta-prophage. It inhibits mammalian protein synthesis (ribosomal function) ADP ribosylation of EF-2 It has a special affinity for myocardium, adrenals and ner... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following effects is unlikely to occur during treatment with imipramine? | [
"Elevation of seizure threshold",
"Mydriasis",
"Sedation",
"Urinary retention"
] | A | (Ref: KDT 6/e p444) Imipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant. It inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and nor-adrenaline. In addition, it possesses anticholinergic and a-blocking propeies are: Increased risk of seizures due to lowering of Seizure threshold is an adverse effect of this drug. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following duct commences in the abdomen as an elongated lymph sac of the cistema chyli is | [
"Thoracic duct",
"Gartner's duct",
"Bile duct",
"Hepatic duct"
] | A | (Thoracic duct) (270 - BDC - 1) (132 - Snell 7th)THORACIC DUCT:- Begins as continuation of the upper end of the cisterna chyli near the lower border of the twelfth thoracic vertebrae and enters the thorax through the aortic opening of the diaphragm, on the right side of the descending aorta* At the roof of the neck, th... | train | med_mcqa | null |
which position is best in patients suspecting air embolism | [
"Supine",
"Left Lateral",
"Trendelenberg",
"BC"
] | D | For venous air embolism the Trendelenburg or left lateral positioning of a patient with an air-lock obstruction of the right ventricle may move the air bubble in the ventricle and allow blood flow under the bubble Ref Davidson edition23rd pg 622 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following anesthetic is safe in heart failure - | [
"Etomidate",
"Propofol",
"Thiopentone",
"Ketamine"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Etomidate Etomidateo It has a briefer duration of action 4-8 minutes.o It produces little cardiovascular and respiratory depression-->> Agent of choice for cardiovascular surgeries (bypass, aneurysms, valve surgery). Etomidate is most cardiostable inducing agent.o Coronary perfusion pressure is mainta... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In condylar fracture, anatomy of the joint get disturbed but function is normal, this type of joint is known as: | [
"Dysarthrosis.",
"Metarthrosis.",
"Pseudoarthrosis.",
"None."
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
On TVS which of the following shape of cervix indicates high chances of miscarriage : | [
"T",
"Y",
"U",
"O"
] | C | Cervical assessment by transvaginal ultrasound is gaining popularity.Abdominal ultrasound may give an enormous value due to the full bladder.Cervical length less than 25 mm at 24 weeks may be predictive of preterm delivery refer pgno:193 sheila textbook of obstetrics 2 nd edition | train | med_mcqa | null |
Portocaval anustomoses is seen at - | [
"Esophagus",
"Stomach",
"Duodenum",
"Jejunum"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Esophagus Sites of portocaval anastomosesSitePortal veinSystemic veinLower end of esophagusLeft gastricOesophageal veins (tributaries of hemiazygous vein)UmblicusParaumbilicalAbove - Superior epigastric, lateral thoracicBelow - Superior epigastric, inferior epigastricSides - Posterior intercostal, lum... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Delusion is the disorder of: | [
"Thought",
"Perception",
"Always organic",
"Always psychiatric"
] | A | Ans. a (Thought)DELUSION is false belief in something that is not true.Types of delusions are:1. Primary delusions (autochthonous delusions): Arise denovo, cannot be explained on the basis of other experiences or perceptions. They are characteristic of early schizophrenia.2. Secondary delusions: Commonest delusions see... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are reversible causes of dementia except ? | [
"Hypothyroidism",
"Hydrocephalus",
"Meningoencephalitis",
"Alzheimer's disease"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Alzhimer's disease Reversible causes of dementia 1) Surgically treatable :- Normal pressure hydrocephalus, brain tumors (frontal lobe tumor), meningioma, subdural hematoma due to head injury, hydrocephalus. 2) Medically treatable :- Depression, hypothyroidism, alcohol abuse, vitamin B n/folate/Niacin ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
To increase awareness of rural population towards small family norm, the best method is – | [
"Film show",
"Charts Exhibitions etc",
"Role playing",
"Setting on example"
] | D | The health educator should set a good example in the things he is teaching.
If he is explaining the hazards of smoking, he will not be very successful if he himself smokes.
If he is talking about the "small family norm" he will not get very far if his own family size is big. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A mother brings her 5-year-old boy to see you as a General Physician. On examination, he has red eyes, dry, cracked lips and a rash on his hands and feet. He also has cervical lymphadenopathy. What is the most impoant investigation to rule out a serious complication of this condition? | [
"Blood pressure",
"ECG",
"Echocardiography",
"Blood tests for autoantibodies"
] | C | Kawasaki disease (Mucocutaneous Lymph node Syndrome) Risk to develop coronary aery vasculitis Risk of MI due to presence of aneurysms in coronary aery. So echocardiography is useful Complications of persistent coronary aery aneurysms include rupture, thrombosis and recanalization, and stenosis at the outflow area. Comp... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Injury to corpus striatum leads to | [
"Chorea",
"Parkinsonism",
"Hemiballisimus",
"Athetosis"
] | A | Injury to corpus striatum leads to chorea.Ref: Ganong&;s review of medical physiology; 23rd edition; Page no: 252 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most metabolically active part in bone is | [
"Cortical bone",
"Cancellous bone",
"Periosteal surface",
"Endosteal surface"
] | D | Endosteum is the most metabolically active part in bone | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most stable amino acid at physiological pH is | [
"Histidine",
"Lysine",
"Arginine",
"Glycine"
] | A | Histidine plays unique roles in enzymatic catalysis. The pKa of its imidazole proton permits histidine to function at neutral pH as either a base or an acid catalyst without the need for any environmentally induced shift.
Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry 30 th edition page no 22 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Perinatal prevention of mother to child, which of the following steps are useful - | [
"Cleaning mothers vagina with antiseptic lotion",
"Elective Caesarian section",
"Avoid breast feeding",
"A prophylaxis"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Blood transfusion "Children usually acquire infection indirectly, through parenteral route from hepatitis B contaminated blood transfusion". Other modes of transmission in children : - i) Sharing of contaminated hypodermic needles used for multiple doses of infection. ii) Shaving razors. iii) Sexual c... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A young patient had a history of fall. The physician placed his hand on the patient's chin and instruct him to rotate his head to the opposite side against resistance. But he was unable to perform the action. Which of the nerve is injured in this patient? | [
"Posterior auricular nerve",
"10th cranial nerve",
"Spinal accessory nerve",
"12th cranial nerve"
] | C | The sternocleidomastoid muscle creates the borders for both the anterior and the posterior triangles of the neck, and is innervated by the spinal accessory nerve (CN XI). To test the sternocleidomastoid muscle, the physician will place her hand on the patient's chin and instruct him to rotate his head to the opposite s... | train | med_mcqa | null |
which pa of sperm helps in penetration of zona pellucida ? | [
"head",
"middle piece",
"neck",
"acrosome"
] | D | Acrosome have acrosin enzyme which helps in penetration. Mitochondria is present in middle pa. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Free radical scavenzer is | [
"Peroxidase",
"Catalase",
"Dehydrogenase",
"All of the above"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Catalase Antioxidant enzymes are catalase, superoxide desmutase and glutathione peroxidase.These enzyme together act as free radical scavenzing system. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Visceral leishmaniasis is predisposed by | [
"Sickle cell anemia",
"Renal transplantation",
"G6PD deficiency",
"AIDS"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which among the following is Autosomal dominant with an expression during adolescence? | [
"Duchenne's dystrophy",
"Becker's dystrophy",
"Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy",
"Congenital muscular dystrophy"
] | C | Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy is an autosomal dominant condition with onset during adolescence. It involves face, shoulder and upper arm. The speed of progression of the disease is variable. Ref: O P Ghai, 5th Edition, Page 424. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bracket calcification on skull X-ray is seen in | [
"Tuberous sclerosis",
"Sturge-Weber Syndrome",
"Corpus callosum lipoma",
"Meningioma"
] | C | Ans. c. Corpus callosum lipoma | train | med_mcqa | null |
In spinal tuberculosis, the commoner route of spread is: September 2010 | [
"Direct spread",
"Blood",
"Lymphatics",
"All of the above"
] | B | Ans. B: Blood | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mummification is enhanced by ? | [
"Moist and hot air",
"Moist and cool air",
"Dry and hot air",
"Dry and cool air"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Dry and hot air Mummification It is a modification of putrefaction, which occurs in the absence of moisture. That is when there is excess air and warmth but no moisture (humidity), i.e. hot dry and windy climate, mummification takes place in place of normal putrefaction. Thus mummification occurs in d... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 20 years female has hepatosplemegaly, fever, pallor and generalized lymphadenopathy. Lab test useful for diagnosis is/are - | [
"ESR",
"Electrophoresis",
"ELISA",
"Routine haemogram"
] | D | General symptoms of leukemia==bleeding,bruising problems,increased risk of infections,(assume===fever,tiredness,)---generally due to lack of normal blood cells===so blood tests help to Dx or assess.Acute leukemias generally are more common in children.So based on age in Question, we can clinically rule out leukemia. Ch... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 76-year-old woman presents with a 1-hour history of sub- sternal chest pain. Shortly after admission the patient expires. At autopsy, extensive calcium deposits are noted in the coronary and other arteries affected by severe atherosclerosis. Which of the following terms best describes these autopsy findings? | [
"Dystrophic calcification",
"Hyperplastic calcification",
"Hypertrophic calcification",
"Metastatic calcification"
] | A | Dystrophic calcification is a response to cell injury Serum levels of calcium are normal, and the calcium deposits are located in previously damaged tissue. This patient suffered from coronary artery atherosclerosis. The pathogenesis of the atherosclerotic plaque is a dynamic process that usually occurs over decades, l... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ideal dose of Diptheria antitoxin given for treatment is | [
"10,000 to 1,00,000 units",
"10,000 to 2,00,000 units",
"20,000 to 1,00,000 units",
"20,000 to 2,00,000 units"
] | C | * Specific treatment of diphtheria consists of antitoxic and antibiotic therapy. * Antitoxin should be given immediately when diphtheria is suspected, as the fatality rate increases with delay in staing antitoxic treatment. * Antibiotic treatment only supplements and does not replace antitoxic therapy. * Diphtheria ant... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A person washes hands repeatedly with a fear of getting HIV, he is suffering from | [
"Phobic disorder",
"Obsessive-compulsive disorder",
"Dissriative and conversion disorder",
"Somatoform disorder"
] | B | (B) Obsessive-compulsive disorder # OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER:> Washers:* This is commonest type. Here the obsession is of contamination with dirt, germs, body excretions and the like.* The compulsion is washing of hands or the whole body, repeatedly many times a day.* It usually spreads on to washing of clothes, w... | train | med_mcqa | null |
High-risk characteristics for gestational diabetes include all of the following, EXCEPT: | [
"Age >35-40 years",
"Heavy glycosuria",
"Nonpregnant body mass index >35",
"Polycystic ovarian syndrome"
] | C | High-risk characteristics of gestational diabetes: Age >35-40 years Obesity (nonpregnant body mass index >30) Prior history of GDM Heavy glycosuria (>2+ on dipstick) History of unexplained stillbih Polycystic ovarian syndrome Strong family history of diabetes Ref: Murphy A., Janzen C., Strehlow S.L., Greenspoon J.S., P... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Jack stone calculi are made up of | [
"Ammonium urate",
"Uric acid",
"Struvite",
"Calcium oxalate"
] | D | Jack stone calculi are seen in bladder formed by calcium oxalate. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not the source of cytosolic NADPH:- | [
"Isocitrate dehydrogenase",
"ATP citrate lyase",
"Malic enzyme",
"G6PD"
] | B | SOURCE of Cytosolic NADPH HMP pathway Malic enzyme Isocitrate dehydrogenase Main enzyme - G6PD alternative pathway to glycolysis and TCA cycle for the oxidation of glucose the main pathway for biosynthesis of NADPH and pentoses. Conves malate to pyruvate NADPH and CO2 are generated NADPH mainly utilized for fatty acid ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Prepubertal periodontitis occurs | [
"Before 11 yrs",
"At 12-15 years",
"At 18 years of age",
"After 20 years"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Enteroviruses are the causative agent for all of the following clinical manifestations, EXCEPT: | [
"Myocarditis",
"Pleurodynia",
"Herpangina",
"Hemorrhagic fever"
] | D | Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome is not caused by enterovirus but by Hantavirus. Enterovirus belong to picornaviridae family. It is a single stranded positive sense RNA virus. It is classified into four groups: Coxsackievirus group A, group B, Echovirus and Poliovirus. Manifestation of enterovirus infections inclu... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following vessel is most commonly involved in hemorrhage from duodenal ulcer? | [
"SMA",
"IVC",
"Gastroduodenal aery",
"Right Gastroepiploic aery"
] | C | Bleeding: MC complication, on posterior wall, gastroduodenal aery is most commonly involved | train | med_mcqa | null |
Long term use of aspirin in rheumatoid arthritis is limited by its propensity to cause : | [
"Metabolic acidosis",
"Hypersensitivity reactions",
"Gastric mucosal damage",
"Salicylism"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most probable cause of red congested painful eye with mild dilated veically oval pupil is: | [
"Acute primary angle closure glaucoma",
"Anterior uveitis",
"Keratoconjunctivitis",
"Eale's disease"
] | A | Signs of acute primary angle closure glaucoma: Lids appears edematous Conjunctiva is chemosed and congested Cornea becomes oedematous and insensitive Anterior chamber is very shallow Angle of anterior chamber is completely closed as seen on gonioscopy Iris may be discoloured Pupil is semi dilated, veically oval and fix... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about dengue hemorrhagic fever are all except: March 2012 | [
"Thrombocytopenia",
"Thrombosis",
"Lymphadenopathy",
"Fever"
] | B | Ans: B i.e. Thrombosis Dengue hemorrhagic fever In mild forms of dengue hemorrhagic fever, there is thrombocytopenia and haemoconcentration Minor (petechiae, ecchymoses, epistaxis) or major (gastrointestinal or cerebrovascular) haemorrhagic signs may occur in dengue hemorrhagic fever Acute onset presents with fever, ba... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 10-year-old obese child from endocrinology department was referred to emergency for a painful limp with hip pain which of the following investigation is not required: | [
"X-ray of the hip",
"MRI of the hip",
"CT scan of hip",
"USG of hip"
] | C | (c)This is an Obese Limping child with hip pain the possible differential diagnosis will be Osteomyelitis (X-MAS)Septic arthritis (X-MAS)Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (X-MRI)Transient synovitis (X-MAS)Hence CT will be least preferred. Previously CT Scan was carried out for SCFE but now MRI has replaced its indicati... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Artery of 2nIi pharyngeal arch is - | [
"Maxillaiy artery",
"Stapedial artery",
"Subclavian artery",
"Commoncarotid artery"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Stapedial artery Pharyngeal ArchMuscular ContributionSkeletal ContributionsNerveArteryCorresponding Pouch Structures1st (mandibular arch)Muscles of mastication, Anterior belly of the digastric,Mylohyoid,Tensor tympani.Tensor veli palatiniMaxilla, mandible (only as a model for mandible not actual forma... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not a labile cell – | [
"Hepatocytes",
"Bone marrow",
"Epidermal cells",
"Small intesting mucosa"
] | A | o When a cell proliferates, it passes through a cell cycle.
o Cell cycle has a series of phases : -
□ G1 phase → Rest phase (Presynthetic phase)
□ S phase → Synthetic phase in which the synthesis of DNA takes place.
□ G2 phase → Resting phase (Postsynthetic or postmitotic phase).
□ M phase → Mitotic phase in which mito... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cellular immunity is induced by? | [
"NK-cells",
"Dendritic-cells",
"TH I-cells",
"TH2-cells"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., TH1 cells | train | med_mcqa | null |
Acetazolamide is administered to a glaucoma patient. Given that this drug inhibits carbonic anhydrase in the renal proximal tubule, which of the following substances will be excreted at a lower rate? | [
"Na+",
"H2O",
"HCO3-",
"NH4"
] | D | The primary effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors such as acetazolamide is to inhibit both H+ secretion and NaHCO3 reabsorption, making the urine alkaline. NH4+ excretion is reduced as a result of the diminished H+ secretion. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors restrict H+ secretion by inhibiting the intracellular hydratio... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A newborn baby has not passed meconium for 48 hours since bih. She has vomiting and distension of abdomen. The most appropriate investigation for evaluation would be | [
"Anorectal manometry",
"Rectal biopsy",
"Lower G1 contrast study",
"Trypsin estimation"
] | C | C i.e. Lower GI contrast study Lower GI contrast study confirms the diagnosis & indicate the type of involvement, in cases of lower intestinal obstruction causing failure to pass meconium timelyQ. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Investigation of choice for leptomeningeal carcinomatosis | [
"PET",
"SPECT",
"Gd enhanced MRI",
"CT scan"
] | C | To detect leptomeningeal metastases, gadolinium-enhanced MRI is more sensitive than CT scanning. The sensitivity of MRI is nearly 70% while that of CT scan is around 30%. The most common MRI findings consist of typical nodules in the subarachnoid and parenchymal regions, parenchymal volume loss and sulcal/dural enhance... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Aggrecan in | [
"Receptor over platelets",
"A molecule present in osteoid tissue",
"Granules in leukocytes",
"Important component of cartilage"
] | D | Aggrecan is the major proteoglycan component of cartilage. It is composed of several glycosaminoglycans (hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate and keratin sulfate) and both link and core proteins. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Amenorrhoea due to high LH and FSH is due to: | [
"Asherman's syndrome",
"Pituitary adenoma",
"Ovarian failure",
"All"
] | C | Ovarian dysfunction:
Group I- Hypthalamic -pituitary failure, e.g anorexia nervosa, Kallman's syndrome, Sheehan's syndrome
Group II- Ovarian failure, e.g. Turner syndrome pure gonadal dysgenesis, Swyer syndrome, autoimmune disorders infection, radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
Group III- Congenital or acquired genital trac... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Causes of eosinophilia -a) Hodgkin's diseaseb) Filariasisc) MId) HIV infection | [
"acd",
"bcd",
"abd",
"ab"
] | C | Conditions producing allergic reactions and resulting eosinophilia are:
Drugs: Iodides, Aspirin, Sulfonamides, Nitrofurantoin, Penicillins, Cephalosporins.
Disease conditions: Hay fever, Asthma, Eczema, Serum sickness, Allergic vasculitis, Pemphigus, All types of parasitic infections.
Collagen vascular diseases: RA, E... | train | med_mcqa | null |
What does 'C' Wave in JVP indicate? | [
"Atrial contraction",
"Rapid Right ventricular filling",
"Atrial filling with the tricuspid valve closed",
"Bulging of the tricuspid valve into the right atrium"
] | D | A, C and V waves of JVP occur secondary to pressure changes in the atria which are transmitted to the great veins. The c wave is the transmitted manifestation of the rise in atrial pressure produced by the bulging of the tricuspid valve into the atria during isovolumetric ventricular contraction. Ref: Ganong's Review o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The advantage of resin teeth over porcelain teeth is | [
"Greater wear resistance",
"Increased hardness",
"Better dimensional stability",
"Greater impact resistance"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Incisura terminals are between | [
"Tragus and crux of helix",
"Ear lobule and antihelix",
"Antihelix and external auditory meatus",
"Tragus and ear lobule"
] | A | There is no cailage between tragus and crus of the helix and an incision made in this area will not cut through the cailage and is used for the endaural approach in surgery of external auditory canal and mastoid. Reference: Dhingra 6th edition; page no 2 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cauliflower ear seen in: | [
"Hematoma of the auricle",
"Carcinoma of the auricle",
"Fungal infection of the auricle",
"Congenital deformity"
] | A | Cauliflower ear (boxer's ear, wrestler's ear) is an acquired deformity of the outer ear. In this injury, the ear can shrivel up and fold in on itself and appear pale, giving it a cauliflower-like appearance, hence the term cauliflower ear. Wrestlers, boxers and maial aists in paicular are susceptible to this type of in... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following bones has no medullary cavity - | [
"Ulna",
"Clavicle",
"Fibula",
"Humerus"
] | B | Ans 'b' i.e., Clavicle CLASSIFICATION OF BONESA ACCORDING TO SH APEI. Long bones : Each long bone has a shaft (diaphysis) and 2 expanded ends (epiphysis) wich are smooth and articular. The shaft has a nutrient foramen directed away from the growing end.Typical long bones : Humerus, femurMiniature long bones : Metacarpa... | train | med_mcqa | null |
'C' peptide reflects: | [
"Thyroxine",
"Parathormone",
"Insulin",
"Growth hormone"
] | C | (Insulin): Ref: 335-G, 337-SL (675- Ganong 23rd)Synthesis Insulin: - Synthesis of insulin occurs in rough endoplasmic reticulum of beta cells in islets of langer hans. It is synthesized as preprohormone that gives rise to proinsulin. Proinsulin undergoes a series of peptide cleavage leading to the formation of mature i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The following smooth muscle relaxants act by affecting calcium release except | [
"Dantrolene",
"Prazosin",
"Metolazone",
"Nifedipine"
] | B | Prazosin is alpha-1 blocker . | train | med_mcqa | null |
Adrenal aldosteronoma is best diagnosed by - | [
"HRCT",
"MRI",
"JVP",
"KUB"
] | A | Ans is option 1 HRCT The usual screening test is to measure the serum potassium level. If it is low, diagnostic tests are done including measuring blood and urinary aldosterone levels and blood renin levels. In Conn's syndrome, the aldosterone is elevated and the renin is suppressed. If these tests are diagnostic then ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pseudomembrane over tonsil and pharynx is caused by | [
"Gram positive bacili",
"Gram negative bacili",
"SS RNA virus",
"Catalase negative cocci"
] | A | Pseudomembrane is formed in diphtheria, which is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheria, which is a gram-positive bacillus Ref: Harshmohan textbook of pathology; 7th edition | train | med_mcqa | null |
After the death of the 78 years old male patient in a hospital , who was suffering from COPD. His relatives entered the hospital with heavy sharp weapons and damaged the hospital propey and stared abusing and beating the doctor as well as his staff, Violence against a medical practitioner is considered as: | [
"Non-cognizable and non-bailable offense",
"Non-cognizable and bailable offense",
"Cognizable and bailable offense",
"Cognizable and non-bailable offense"
] | D | Medical protection act: The Act, covering doctors affiliated to institutions as well as independent practitioners, outlaws attacks against physicians and damage to their propey. Offenders can get a jail term of up to 3 years and a fine of Rs 50,000. As per the medicare service persons and damage to propey in medicare s... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is TRUE regarding nerve conduction | [
"All or none phenomenon",
"Conduction independent of amplitude",
"Propagated action potential is generated in dendrites",
"Faster in unmyelinated fibres"
] | A | An action potential is generated in axon hillock or its initial segment. Then it propagates at a constant velocity and amplitude through the fibre without any decrement.
This propagation is faster in myelinated nerve fibres than the unmyelinated fibres. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Anterior choroidal artery is a branch of: | [
"Internal carotid artery",
"Vertebral artery",
"Basilar artery",
"Maxillary artery"
] | A | Ans. A. Internal carotid arteryThe anterior choroidal artery originates from the internal carotid artery.The internal carotid artery is located in the inner side of the neck in contrast to the external carotid artery. In human anatomy, they arise from the common carotid arteries where these bifurcate into the internal ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following viruses is not a common cause of viral encephalitis - | [
"Herpes simplex virus type 2",
"Japanese encephalitis virus",
"Nipah virus",
"Cytomegalovirus"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Over-trituration of silver alloy and mercury: | [
"Reduces contraction",
"Increases the strength of lathe-cut alloy but reduces the strength of spherical alloy amalgam",
"Decreases creep",
"Gives al dull and crumbly amalgam"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 14-year-old boy has difficulty expressing himself in writing and makes frequent spelling mistakes, does not follow instruction and cannot wait for his turn while playing a game. He is likely to be suffering from – | [
"Mental retardation",
"Lack of interest in studies",
"Specific learning disability",
"Examination anxiety"
] | C | Learning disability (LD) is defined as a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, which may manifest itself in an imperfect ability to listen, speak, read, write, spell or to do mathematical calculations.
Learning disability is suspe... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.