question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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By international agreement, low birth weight has been defined as a birth weight when measured within the first hour of life is | [
"Less than 2000 grams",
"Less than 2800 grams",
"Less than 2500 grams",
"Less than 3000 grams"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are features of MEN2B except? | [
"Mucosal neuroma",
"Marfanoid Habitus",
"Medullated corneal nerve fibres",
"Meningioma"
] | D | MEN2B Medullary Thyroid Cancer with pheochromocytoma and associated abnormalities: Mucosal neuroma Marfanoid Habitus Medullated corneal nerve fibres Megacolon | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are true about Pseudocyesis except- | [
"Abdominal enlargement",
"Patient is pregnant",
"Labour pains at EDD",
"Amenorrhea"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Patient is pregnant Pseudocyesis o Disorder with multiple somatoform symptoms that do not meet the criteria for any specific somatoform disorder are referred to as Somatoform disorders not otherwise specified. Pseudocyesis comes under this category, o The false belief of being pregnant that is associa... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Torquing movement in maxillary denture is avoided by? | [
"Adhesion",
"Cohesion",
"Surface tension",
"Border seal"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 45 year old victim of head Injury from an accident Who is unconscious requires an emergency surgical Intervention. In the absence of any consenting pay, the doctor should | [
"Not operate at all",
"Obtain consent from the police",
"Operate without consent",
"Obtain consent from the magistrate"
] | C | No duty to inform arises in an emergency in which the patient is unconscious or otherwise incapable of giving valid consent and harm from failure to treat is imminent. However, an emergency does not give the doctor a license to do whatever he deems advisable for the patient; it suppos only limited measures to save pati... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are cluster C disorders of personality except | [
"anxious",
"avoidant",
"scchizoid",
"dependent"
] | C | personality disorders are of several types they can be named mainly as 3 clusters knowledgeof this is necessary for answering a lot of questions CLUSTER A=== paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal CLUSTERB===histironic, borederline, narcisstic, antisocial CLUSTERC====anxious, dependent, anakastic Ref.kaplon and sadock, synops... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Peptic ulceration occurs at all the following sites except - | [
"Lesser curvature",
"First part of duodenum",
"Lower end of esophagus",
"Stoma of gastric portion of gastrojejunostomy"
] | D | Peptic ulcer
Ulcers are defined histologically as a breach in the mucosa of the alimentary tract that extends through the muscular mucosa into the submucosa or deep.
Peptic ulcers are chronic, most often solitary lesions that occur in any portion of the gastrointestinal tract exposed to the aggressive action of acid/p... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common hallucination in schizophrenia is? | [
"Tactile",
"Visual",
"Somatic",
"Auditory"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Auditory * In schizophrenia auditory hallucinations are most common type of hallucinations. It can be :i) First person hallucination Audible self thoughtsii) Second person hallucination Voices address the person directly or commanding one's actioniii) Third person hallucination:- voices heard arguing,... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Who coined term anaesthesia | [
"Moon",
"Holmes",
"Morgan",
"Priestly"
] | B | Oliver Wendell Holmes coined the term anesthesia. In 1846, Holmes coined the word anesthesia. In a letter to dentist William T. G. Moon, the first practitioner to publicly demonstrate the use of ether during surgery, he wrote: "Everybody wants to have a hand in a great discovery. All I will do is to give a hint or two ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Colonic bacteria, on digestion of dietary fibres would give? | [
"Free radicals",
"Glycerol",
"Butyrate",
"Butyrate"
] | C | C i.e ButyratesIn herbivores, such as ruminants, fiber (mainly as cellulose) is a major source of energy after it has been digested by colonic microorganisms to small chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate and butyrate)Q which are absorbed into the poal vein. Colonic fermentation may also contribute to human energy req... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about alpha1 antitrypsin deficiency is | [
"Autosomal dominant",
"Pulmonary emphysema",
"Diastasis resistance hepatic cells",
"Hepatic cells are orcein stain positive"
] | B | Ref Robbins 9/e p850- 851 Diastase resistant hepatic cells The presence of PAS-positive, diastase-resistant inclusions in the cytoplasm of the hepatocytes is characteristic of alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency | train | med_mcqa | null |
A lesion of the optic radiation involving the Meyer's loop causes which of the following type of visual field defect? | [
"Homonymous hemianopia",
"Superior quadrantanopia",
"Inferior quadrantanopia",
"Central scotoma"
] | B | Lesion of the optic radiation produces congruous homonymous hemianopia. Lesion of Meyer's loop present in the temporal lobe produces superior quadrantanopia (pie in the sky). Lesion affecting the optic radiations in the parietal lobe produces inferior quadrantanopia. In lesions of the optic radiations visual acuity rem... | train | med_mcqa | null |
T-cell mature in:(1991) | [
"Peyer's patches",
"Lymph node",
"Thymus",
"Bursa of fabricius"
] | C | Ans: c (Thymus)Ref: Ananthanarayan Micro, 7th ed, p. 123 & 6th ed, p. 117, 115; Fig. 15.4 | train | med_mcqa | null |
In a patient with wide-complex tachycardia, the presence of all of the following in the ECG indicates ven tricular tachycardia except - | [
"Atrioventricular dissociation",
"Fusion beats",
"Typical right bundle branch block",
"Capture beats"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Complete failure of mullerian duct fusion will result in | [
"Uterus didelphys",
"Arcuate uterus",
"Subseptate uterus",
"Bicornuate uterus"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Essential order of lung developmental stages is? | [
"Pseudoglandular, Canalicular, Terminal sac, Alveolar",
"Canalicular, Pseudoglandular, Terminal sac, Alveolar",
"Canalicular, Pseudoglandular, Alveolar, Terminal sac",
"Pseudoglandular, Canalicular, Alveolar, Terminal sac"
] | A | There are four essential lung development stages as described by Moore (2013). First, the pseudoglandular stage entails growth of the intrasegmental bronchial tree between 6 and 16 weeks. Second, during the canalicular stage, from 16 to 26 weeks, the bronchial cailage plates extend peripherally. Each terminal bronchiol... | train | med_mcqa | null |
X-ray of a person presenting with intestinal obstruction is shown below. It is taken in which view? | [
"X-ray abdomen erect",
"X-ray abdomen left lateral",
"X-ray in prone position",
"X-ray in right lateral decubitus"
] | A | Ans. (a) X-ray abdomen erect* The film shows X-ray abdomen erect -- with multiple air fluid levels showing small intestinal obstruction. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is true about Non-specific interstitial pneumonia? | [
"Early appearance of honey combing on CT",
"Males are affected more commonly than female",
"Common in elderly age group",
"Associated with good prognosis"
] | D | Ans. d. Associated with good prognosis Non-specific interstitial pneumonia is associated with good prognosis. `Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) patients have diffuse interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology whose lung biopsies fail to show diagnostic features of any of the other well-characterized interst... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Middle finger dermatome is- | [
"C5",
"C7",
"C4",
"C2"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., C7 * Sensory distribution of upper limb is as followThe cutaneous nervesRegion suppliedNerve(s)Root valueDerived fromUpper part of pectoral region, and skin over upper part of deltoidSupraclavicularC3,C4Cervical plexusArm 1. Upper medial partIntercostobrachialT22nd intercostal2. Lower medial partMedia... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Anti-D immune globulin is administered to Rh-negative women antenatally at | [
"20weeks",
"24weeks",
"28weeks",
"30weeks"
] | C | The antepaum administration of anti-D immune globulin at 28weeks to Rh-negative women decreases the incidence of third-trimester alloimmunization from 18 to 20/1000 to 2/1000 patients.Reference: Practical guide to High-risk pregnancy and delivery; Chapter 14; Rh Alloimmunization | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is associated with acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis - | [
"Rhabdovirus",
"Enterovirus",
"Calcivirus",
"Echovirus"
] | B | Acute hemorhagic conjunctivitis is caused by Enterovirus 70. REF:ANATHANARAYAN AND PANIKER'S TEXTBOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9TH EDITION PAGE NO:493 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Newborn baby with scaphoid abdomen and respiratory difficulty. Which among the following is the most probable condition | [
"Intestinal agenesis",
"Intestinal obstruction",
"Congenital diaphragmatic hernia",
"All of these"
] | C | Ans: c (Congenital diaphragmatic hernia) Ref: Nelson, 17th ed, p. 1354 & OP Ghai, 6th, ed,p. 168Diaphargmatic hernia should be suspected in any neonates who have severe respiratory distress and has a scaphoid abdomenCONGENITAL DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIARetrosternal hernia (Morgagni hernia)* This hernia is situated anteriorly... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Polka dot sign on CT is a feature of | [
"Vertebral hemangioma",
"Eosinophilic granuloma",
"Osteosarcoma",
"Ewing's sarcoma"
] | A | Polka dot sign/ Corduroy/vertical striations – Vertebral hemangioma. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Age group affected by Hepatitis 'A' virus ? | [
"Children",
"Adult",
"Old age",
"Any age"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., children Virus Age affected . Hepatitis A Children, young adults . Hepatitis B Young adults, babies, toddlers . Hepatitis C Any age (more common in adults) . Hepatitis D Any age . Hepatitis E Young adults | train | med_mcqa | null |
Wrist joint is formed by articulation of - | [
"Lower end of radius and carpal bones",
"Lower end of radius, articular disc and carpal bones",
"Lower end of radius and ulna, and carpal bones",
"Lower end of radius and intercarpal joint or inferior radioulnar joint"
] | B | Components of wrist joint
- Distal end of radius
- Articular disc of inferior radioulnar joint
- Scaphoid, lunate, triquetral. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not seen in case of hemorrhage in MCA territory: March 2005 | [
"Contralateral hemiplegia",
"Aphasia",
"Dysahria",
"Urinary incontinence"
] | D | Ans. D: Urinary incontinence The MCA is by far the largest cerebral aery and is the vessel most commonly affected by cerebrovascular accident (CVA). The MCA supplies most of the outer convex brain surface, nearly all the basal ganglia, and the posterior and anterior internal capsules. Patients with middle cerebral aery... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Advantage of contact lens over normal glasses; | [
"Prismatic effect will less",
"Prevention from UV rays",
"Decrease inflammation",
"Decrease infection"
] | A | Advantages: Less magnification (5%) of the image, elimination of aberrations and prismatic effect of thick glasses wider and better field of vision, cosmetically better accepted by young persons. Disadvantages: more cost, cumbersome to wear, especially in old age and in childhood, corneal complications may occur (Infla... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following aeries take pa in the formation of anastomosis around the scapula except | [
"Deep branch of transverse cervical aery",
"Suprascapular aery",
"Lateral thoracic aery",
"Circumflex scapular aery"
] | C | Anastomosis around the Body of the Scapula-between branches of the first pa of the subclan aery and the branches of the third pa of the axillary aery.a.The suprascapular aery, a branch of the thyrocervical trunk b The deep branch of the transverse cervical attety, another branch of the thyrocervical trunk.c. The circum... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Diagnosis of Myasthenia gravis done by using | [
"Edrophonium",
"Neostigmine",
"Succinyl choline",
"Atropine"
] | A | Refer kDT 6/e p 104 Myasthenia gravis can be differentiated from cholinergic crisis with the help of sho acting anticholinesterase agent,edrophonium. It improves the symptoms in Myasthenia gravis whereas was on the condition in case of cholinergic crisis. Neostigmine is used in the treatment of Myasthenia | train | med_mcqa | null |
Dissociative anesthesia is seen with which drug: | [
"Ketamine",
"Fentanyl",
"Propofol",
"Nitrous oxide"
] | A | Ans. A. KetamineKetamine is NMDA receptor antagonist, they are strong analgesic with no muscle relaxant property. It is used to create dissociative anesthesia in which patient dissociate from one own body. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Wegener's granulomatosis is diagnosed by: | [
"P-ANCA",
"c-ANCA",
"m-ANCA",
"A.N.A"
] | B | Ans. (b) c-ANCARef.:Harrison 18th edition, Chapter 326:* c- ANCA= Wegener granulomatosis/Granulomatosis with angitis* p-ANCA# Microscopic polyangitis# Primary sclerosing cholangitis# Churg strauss syndromeThe terminology of cytoplasmic ANCA (cANCA) refers to the diffuse, granular cytoplasmic staining pattern observed b... | train | med_mcqa | null |
ECT in depressive phase of MDP is useful because it- | [
"Produces recurrence",
"Reduces recurrence",
"Shortens duration",
"Increases drug effects"
] | C | ECT shortens the duration of depressive episode. It doesn’t prevent the recurrence unless given as a maintenance treatment. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which vaccine is not include in indradhanush mission? | [
"Tuberculosis",
"Measles",
"Japanese Encephalitis",
"Diphtheria"
] | C | The Mission Indradhanush, depicting seven colours of the rainbow, targets to immunize all children against seven vaccine preventable diseases namely: * Diphtheria * Peussis * Tetanus * Childhood Tuberculosis * Polio * Hepatitis B * Measles. Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8th edition | train | med_mcqa | null |
Apparant volume of distribution of a drug less than 5 liters implies that the drug is predominantly in which of the following compament? | [
"Extracellular fluid",
"Total body water",
"Intracellular fluid",
"Intravascular fluid"
] | A | Ans is 'a' i.e., Extracellular fluido A drug with high volume of distribution has more concentration in tissue and less in plasma.o A drug with low volume of distribution has concentration only in plasma (intravascular)Relationship between volume of distribution and extent of distributionVd (L)% body weightExtent of di... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not a feature of extramedullary tumour: | [
"Early Coicospinal signs and paralysis",
"Root pain or midine Back --pain",
"Abnormal CSF",
"Sacral sparing"
] | D | Answer is D (Sacral sparing): Sacral sparing is a feature of intramedullary tumors and not extramedullary (abhors. `With extramedullary tumors there is early loss of sacral sensations (lateral spinothalamic tract). Intramedullary lesions spare sensations in the perenial and sacral areas (sacral sparing)' - Harrisons Di... | train | med_mcqa | null |
False about eukaryotic protein synthesis is: | [
"N formyl Met is the first-RNA to come into action",
"mRNA read from 5' to 3'",
"Eft shift between GDP to GTP",
"Capping helps in attachment of mRNA to 40 S ribosome"
] | A | A i.e. N formyl Met is the first - RNA to come into action | train | med_mcqa | null |
N.K. cell and cytotoxic cells are differentiated by ? | [
"Interferons reduce N.K. cell activity",
"Antibody specificity",
"Receptor for IgG",
"Presence in spleen"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Antibody specificity . Cytotoxicity of NK cells is not antibody dependent or MHC restricted, while cytotoxic cells are capable of lysing or killing target cells sensitized with antibody. | train | med_mcqa | null |
In a case of prolonged labour, fetal occiput fails to spontaneously rotate anteriorly and caused persistent occiput posterior presentation. The recommended management is: | [
"Manual or forceps rotation followed by forceps delivery",
"Oxytocin drip",
"Cesarean section",
"Aificial rupture of membranes"
] | A | When the fetal occiput fails to spontaneously rotate anteriorly, a persistent occiput posterior presentation results in a more prolonged and painful labor. Manual, vacuum, or forceps rotation is usually necessary but increases the likelihood of maternal and fetal injuries. Regional anesthesia can be used to provide per... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Life threatening intravascular hemolysis occurs with sepsis due to which organism: | [
"Clostridium perfringens",
"Mycoplasma pneumonia",
"Pseudomona",
"Klebsiella"
] | A | Life threatening intravascular hemolysis occur due to a toxin with lecithinase activity seen in clostridium perfringens sepsis. Ref: Harrison's principles of internal medicine, 18th edition ; Page :881. | train | med_mcqa | null |
ADAMS 13 mutation is responsible for: | [
"TTP",
"HUS",
"DIC",
"ITP"
] | A | The pathogenesis of inherited or idiopathic TTP is related to the deficiency or antibodies to the metalloprotease ADAMTS13 that cleaves the vWF. Ref: Harrison, Edition-18, Page - 965 | train | med_mcqa | null |
STOP TB Strategy was lauched in ? | [
"2002",
"2006",
"2010",
"2013"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 2006 STOP TB Strategy In 2006, WHO launched the new Stop TB Strategy. The core of this strategy is DOTS. The strategy is to be implemented over the next 10 years as described in the Global Plan to Stop TB 2006-2015. The targets and indicators for TB control are as defined within the framework of MDGs.... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Visual acuity is a measure of: | [
"Light sense",
"Form sense",
"Contrast sense",
"All of the above"
] | B | Ans. Form sense | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bacillus Bacillus anthracis toxin rediates its action through all except: | [
"cAMP",
"Stimulating macrophages",
"TNFa",
"cGMP"
] | D | Ans. is. 'd' i.e. cGMP | train | med_mcqa | null |
Egg in cup appearance is seen in - | [
"TOF",
"MR",
"Constrictive pericarditis",
"Transposition of great vessels"
] | C | Egg in cup apperance is seen in constrictive pericarditis. Egg on side appearance is seen in TGA. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is seen in nephrotic syndrome – | [
"Low serum calcium",
"Raised AT–III",
"Low lipid",
"Platelet activation"
] | A | In nephrotic syndrome there is hypocalcaemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism as a consequence of loss of cholecalciferol binding protein.
Secondary hyperparathyroidism causes hypophosphatemia by increasing renal phosphate excretion. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Best results are obtained when sacrococcygeal teratoma is operated: | [
"Immediately",
"Within 2 weeks of birth",
"Within 1 year",
"Conservative management is done"
] | A | Ans: a (Immediately after birth) Ref: Bailey & love, 24th ed, p. 1248SACROCOCCYGEAL TERATOMAAlthough rare, it is among the most common of the large tumours seen during the 1st three months of life. The frequency of the precoccygeal region for the development of teratoma is explained by the fact that this area is the si... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pain due to pelvic congestion syndrome is relieved by: | [
"OC pills.",
"Tamoxifen",
"Mefenamic Acid.",
"Mifepristone."
] | A | PELVIC CONGESTION SYNDROME There is congestion or dilatation of uterine or ovarian plexuses. Symptoms: Patient has a congestive type of dysmenorrhea without any demonstrable pelvic pathology. other symptoms include: bilateral lower abdominal pain, dyspareunia, abnormal uterine bleeding, chronic fatigue and irritable bo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
False about antigenic drift- | [
"Occur under pressure for immunity",
"Responsible for epidemics of influenza",
"Occurs only in influenza -A",
"Occur every 10-12 years"
] | C | . <p>INFLUENZA:- Influenza viruses classified under the family ohomyxoviridae. 3 viral subtypes-A,B and C. These three are antigenically distinct.No cross immunity between them. Influenza A and B - responsible for epidemics throughout the world. Influenza A has 2 distinct surface antigens- hemagglutinin(H) and neuramin... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Residual auditory defect is a common complication in meningitis caused by | [
"Staphylococcus",
"Meningococcus",
"Escherichia coli",
"Haemophilus influenzae"
] | D | Residual auditory defect is caused by Haemophilus meningitis .so BERA is the investigation of choice done in them. Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8th edition | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hypoglycemia in late infant and child occurs if blood glucose level is – | [
"40 mg/dl",
"60 mg/dl",
"10 mg/dl",
"20 mg/dl"
] | A | Hypoglycemia in neonate is defined as blood glucose of less than 40 mg/dl, irrespective of gestational age. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is not true regarding thoracic inlet syndrome - | [
"Most commonly radial nerve",
"Resection of 1st rib is effective t/t",
"Physiotherapy and position exercises relieves symptom",
"Neurological signs and symptoms are common."
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is involved when there is excessive bleeding after labor, and the laboratory studies demonstrate decreased platelets, prolonged prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time, and increased fibrin split products? | [
"Disseminated intravascular coagulation",
"Hemophilia A",
"Severe liver disease",
"Vitamin K deficiency"
] | A | This is a description of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), a feared and often lifethreatening complication of many other disorders, including amniotic fluid embolism, infections (particularly gram negative sepsis), malignancy, and major trauma. This is suspected when a decrease in platelets and a prolongati... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vineyard sprayer lung is due to | [
"Copper",
"Mercury",
"Lead",
"Phosphorous"
] | A | Vineyard sprayer lung: - Due to inhalation of copper sulphate spray. - Characterised by histiocytic granulomatous lung. - Occurs in metal worker due to inhalation of dust or food contamination with verdigris. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following muscles are innervated by facial nerve? | [
"Risorius, Anterior belly of digastric, Zygomaticus",
"Anterior belly of digastric, Lateral pterygoid, Auricular muscles",
"Zygomaticus, Risorius, Auricular muscles",
"Auricular muscles, Risorius, Lateral pterygoid"
] | C | Risorius: is a dilator muscle of the lip and supplied by facial nerve.Zygomaticus major and minor (Dilator muscle of the lip) are supplied by the facial nerve.Auricularis anterior, superior and posterior are supplied by the facial nerve.Infact, all facial muscles (including muscle of the scalp, muscle of auricle, muscl... | train | med_mcqa | null |
CAD predisposing factors-a) Homocysteinemiab) ↓ Lipoprotein Bc) ↑ Fibrinogend) ↑ HDLe) ↑ plasminogen activator inhibitors 1 | [
"acd",
"bde",
"cde",
"ace"
] | D | Homocysteine and Prothrombotic (↑ fibrinogen and ↑ plasminogen activator inhibitors) factors are emerging risk factors for atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient with condylar fracture, the occlusion is normal with normal mouth opening. The best treatment is? | [
"IMF for 3 weeks",
"IMF for 5-6 weeks.",
"Conservative treatment, close observation and soft diet and return to normal function as soon as possible.",
"Open reduction and bone plating"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mucoviscidosis is most commonly related to ? | [
"Fibrocystic disease of pancreas",
"Duodenal atresia",
"Diaphragmatic hemia",
"Annular pancreas"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Fibrocystic disease of pancrease | train | med_mcqa | null |
Following age pyramid denotes | [
"Developing country",
"Developed country",
"Underdeveloped country",
"Poor country"
] | B | The pyramid of developing country (e.g. India) has a broad base and a tapering top.
In developed countries, the pyramid generally shows a bulge in the middle and has a narrower base (as in figure given in the question). | train | med_mcqa | null |
If one of your nerves is compressed and this leads to paresthesia for sometime, the type of nerve fibre affected most probably is | [
"A alpha",
"A delta",
"C",
"B"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Dose of DDT for effective control of mosquitoes is - | [
"1-2 g/m2",
"5-6 g/m2",
"2-4 g/m2",
"2-4 g/m2"
] | A | DDT: DDT is an indoor residual spray DDT is the insecticide of choice and dosage of 1-2 grams of pure DDT per sq.metre are applied 1-3 times a year to walls and other surfaces where mosquitoes rest. Duration of effectiveness is 6 to 12 months Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 25th Edition, Pg 833 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is commonly used as a rave drug? | [
"Cannabis",
"Cocaine",
"Heroin",
"Ecstasy"
] | D | MDMA (more commonly known as "Ecstasy"), Gamma-hydoxybutyrate (GHB) and Rohypnol (also known as the "date rape" drugs) are the popular rave drugs. Ecstasy (3, 4 Methylene-DioxyMethAmphetamine-MDMA) is a stimulant with hallucinogenic propeies is the main rave drug. It produces a feeling of increased energy, euphoria, em... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following bones is not pa of the medial arch of the foot? | [
"Cuneiform bones",
"Navicular",
"Calcaneus",
"Cuboid"
] | D | The medial arch of the foot consists of the talus, calcaneus, cuneiforme, and the three medial metatarsal bones. The cuboid bone belongs to the lateral arch of the foot together with the calcaneus, and the two remaining metatarsal bones. Ref: Last's Anatomy Regional & Applied, 9th Ed, page 210 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Thyroid storm after total thyroidectomy is due to? | [
"Damage of RLN",
"Rough handling during surgery",
"Removal of parathyroid",
"Inadequate preoperative preparation"
] | D | Management: b blockers- |T4, |T3 conversion, | Hypehyroid symptoms O2 + Hemodynamic suppo Non- Aspirin Anti - Pyretics - | fever I.V Lugol's Iodine - | I2 uptake Propylthiouracil (PTU) - | T4 to T3 conversion. decreased production of thyroid hormone. Coicosteroids. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Increased suicidal tendency is associated with alteration in the brain levels of: | [
"Noradrenaline",
"Serotonin",
"Dopamine",
"GABA"
] | B | Ans. (B) Serotonin(Ref: KDT 8/e p188)Decreased serotonin levels in brain is associated with depression (and suicidal tendencies) whereas elevated levels of 5-HT are associated with anxiety. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following Staphylococcal infection is not toxin mediated: | [
"Toxic shock syndrome",
"Scalded skin syndrome",
"Food poisoning",
"Septic shock"
] | D | Ans. is (d) Septic shock Toxin mediated illness of S. Disease Toxin involved - Toxic shock syndrome Toxic shock syndrome toxin - Food poisoning Enterotoxin - Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome Exfoliative/epidermolytic toxin Note: Septic shock is due to bacteremia. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient presents with scarring Alopecia, thinned nails, hypopigmented macular lesions over trunk and oral mucosa. The diagnosis is : | [
"Psoriasis",
"Leprosy",
"Lichen planus",
"Pemphigus"
] | C | Lichen planus (LP) is a papulosquamous disorder that may affect the skin, scalp, nails, and mucous membranes. The primary cutaneous lesions are pruritic, polygonal, flat-topped, violaceous papules. Close examination of the surface of these papules often reveals a network of gray lines (Wickham's striae). The skin lesio... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hemorrhagic cystitis is caused by: | [
"Cyclophosphamide",
"6 Mercaptopurine",
"5 Fuorouracil",
"Busulfan"
] | A | Cyclophosphamide It is inactive as such: produces few acute effects and is not locally damaging. Transformation into active metabolites (aldophosphamide, phosphoramidemustard) occurs in the liver, and a wide range of anti tumour actions is exeed. It has prominent immunosuppressant propey. Thus, it is one of the most po... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are acceptable criteria for water quality except - | [
"Dissolved O2 of 5 mg\\/L",
"Nitrates of 1 mg\\/L",
"Nitrites of 1-2 mg\\/L",
"Free & saline NH3 of 0.05 mg\\/L"
] | A | The dissolved oxygen content of water is influenced by the raw water temperature,composition,treatment and any chemical or biological processes taking place in the distribution system.No health based guideline value has been recommended (refer pgno:720 park 23rd edition) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Amyl nitrite is used as antidote in which poisoning? | [
"Cyanide",
"Cholinesterase",
"Benzodiazepine",
"Barbiturate"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Cyanide | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common genital lesion in HIV patient is: | [
"Chlamydia",
"Herpes",
"Syphilis",
"Candida"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Herpes * Herpes simplex (in the developed world) and chancroid (in Africa) are the most common cause of genital ulceration in HIV infected patients.* Herpesvirus infections are common in AIDS patients, and multiple herpesviruses are frequently detected being shed in saliva. Cytomegalovirus retinitis i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ductus dependent blood flow is required for all of these congenital hea diseases except | [
"Persistent truncus aeriosus",
"Hypoplastic left hea syndrome",
"Pulmonary stenosis",
"TGA with intact ventricular septum"
] | A | Persistent truncus aeriosus Congenital hea disease in the newborn can be broadly categorized by the relationship between the patient's cardiac defect and the patent ductus aeriosus and this categorization yields four distinct groups. First are newborns dependent on a patent ductus aeriosus (PDA) for pulmonary blood flo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
"Elschnig Pearl" in papillary aperture is a sign of | [
"Acute iridocylitis",
"Pseudoexfoliation syndrome",
"After-cataract",
"Secondary cataract"
] | C | Ans. c (After cataract) (Ref. Basak, Ophthalmology, 2nd ed., 182)AFTER CATARACT# Posterior capsular opacification following ECCE & discission of congenital/traumats cataract.# More common in children# Elschning's pearl (Balloon lens-cell)# Soemerring's ring (Ring behind iris formed by lens fibers)# Treatment:- Discissi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 60-year-old man who worked for 30 years in a chemical factory complains of painless hematuria. Urine cytology discloses dysplastic cells. A bladder biopsy demonstrates transitional cell carcinoma. Which of the following carcinogens was most likely involved in the pathogenesis of bladder cancer in this patient? | [
"Aniline dyes",
"Arsenic",
"Benzene",
"Cisplatinum"
] | A | Transitional cell carcinoma Most common malignant tumor of the urinary bladder Painless hematuria is the most consistent feature of carcinoma bladder Incidence of bladder cancer is increased in aniline dye workers. These azo dyes are conveed to water-soluble carcinogens in the liver. They are excreted in the urine, whe... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about toxoplasmosis is all except ? | [
"In adults toxoplasmosis is usually asymptomatic",
"IgG antibodies are diagnostic in Congenital toxoplasmosis",
"Is a antroponotic disease",
"Encephalitis is uncommon (rare) in immunocompetent individuals"
] | B | Ans. is 'b i.e., IgG Antibodies are diagnostic in congenital Toxoplasmosis The presence of IgM (which does not cross placenta) in the infant's circulation is diagnostic. Specific IgG in the infant's circulation may be of maternal origin or due to infection. Diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis ? 1. PCR . PCR of the am... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All the following cause microcytic hypochromic anemia , except | [
"Lead poisoning",
"Thalassemia",
"Iron deficiency",
"Fanconi's anemia"
] | D | Ref Harrison 19 th ed pg 644-665 Fanconi's anemia is a congenital disorder responsible for a form of aplastic anemia. It is a cause of normocytic normochromic anemia . It is a hypoproliferative anemia with a normocytic normochromic picture and a low reticulocyte count. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The drug which blocks both H1 and 5 HT2 receptor is : | [
"Phenoxybenzamine",
"Cyproheptadine",
"Ritanserin",
"Ondansetron"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Safest treatment for hyperthyroidism in pregnant women is | [
"Radioactive iodine",
"Methimazole",
"Carbimazole",
"Propylthiouracil"
] | D | Ans. d (Propylthiouracil). (Ref. Harrison, Internal Medicine, 18th ed.,/Chapter 40., KD Tripath 5th/232)Propylthiouracil:# During pregnancy thyroidectomy and I131 are contraindicated. With anti-thyroid drugs risk of foetal hypothyroidism and goiter are there.# However, low doses of propylthiouracil are preferred as it ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vocal cord palsy is not associated with: | [
"Veebral secondaries",
"Left atrial enlargement",
"Bronchogenic carcinoma",
"Secondaries in mediastinum"
] | A | Vocal cord paralysis is most commonly iatrogenic in origin following surgery to Thyroid, parathyroid, carotid or cardiothoracic structures. Neck trauma Benign or malignant thyroid disease Thyroid surgery Carcinoma cervical oesophagus Cervical lymphadenopathy | train | med_mcqa | null |
The following data were obtained from a man weighing 70 kgAoa oxygen (O2) content = 20.0 vol%Femoral vein O2 content = 16 vol%Coronary sinus O2 content = 10 vol%Pulmonary aery O2 content = 15 vol%Total body O2 consumption = 400 ml/minWhat is the cardiac output of this man? | [
"10 L/min",
"5 L/min",
"5 L/min",
"8 L/min"
] | D | The Fick equation is a useful method for measuring cardiac output or flows through any organ when the oxygen (O2) consumption and the difference between aerial and venous O2 content (vol% = ml/100ml) is known.Flow = O2 consumption / aerial (O2 content - venous O2 content)Cardiac output = O2 consumption / (aoa O2 - pulm... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Richest source of vitamin C ? | [
"Guava",
"Lime",
"Orange",
"Tomato"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Guava The richest source of vitamin C is Indian goosebery (Amla). Impoant sources of vitamin C in decreasing order : - Amla > Guava > Cabbage > Amaranath > Lime > Cauliflower > Orange > Spinach > Tomato > Potato | train | med_mcqa | null |
In nux vomica poisoning the following are also required to be preserved - | [
"Long bones",
"Brain",
"Muscles",
"Skin"
] | B | Brain and spinal cord should be preserved for analysis (in addition to usual viscera) in deaths from suspected strychnine poisoning. | train | med_mcqa | null |
When a stretch reflex occurs the muscles that antagonize the action of the muscle involved relaxes. This phenomenon is known as: | [
"Inverse stretch reflex",
"Reciprocal innervation",
"Autogenic inhibition",
"Lenthening reaction"
] | B | Reciprocal innervation is a phenomenon in which, when a stretch reflex occurs the muscles that anotogonize the action of the muscle involved relaxes. The pathway mediating this effect is bisynaptic. Golgi bottle neurons (inhibitory interneurons) are involved in this phenomenon. Ref:Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is TRUE? 1. Square (Reef) Knot 2. Surgeons Knot 3. Granny (Pseudo-square) Knot 4. Reverse cutting needle 5. Veical Mattress 6. Purse String Suture A B C D E F | [
"1-D; 2-F; 3-A; 4-E; 5-B; 6-C",
"1-F; 2-D; 3-A; 4-E; 5-B; 6-C",
"1-A; 2-D; 3-F; 4-E; 5-B; 6-C",
"1-F; 2-A; 3-D; 4-E; 5-B; 6-C"
] | B | Square (Reef) Knot Surgeons knot Granny (Pseudo-square) knot - Consist of two throws - Crossing is done in each throw - Secured knot - Consist of two throws - Two wraps in first throw - Crossing occurs in each throw - Consists of two throws - Crossing does not occur in any throw - Not a secured knot Horizontal Mattress... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following blood vessel is related to the paraduodenal fossa? | [
"Poal vein",
"Gonadal vein",
"Inferior mesentric vein",
"Superior mesentric aery"
] | C | Paraduodenal fossa is also termed as fossa of Landzer. This fossa is seen only 2% cases, it is situated at some distance to the left of the ascending colon or fouh poion of the duodenum and is caused by the raising up of a peritoneal fold by the inferior mesenteric vein as it runs along the lateral side of the fossa an... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Nothern blot is used for the separation of | [
"mRNA",
"DNA",
"Protein",
"Protein DNA interaction"
] | A | Used to demonstrate specific RNA The total RNA is isolated from the cell, electrophoresed and then blotted on to a membrane This is. then probed with radioactive cDNAThere is RNA -DNA hybridization Used to detect gene expression in tissuesRef: DM Vasudevan, 7th edition, page no: 634 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following are called as Force generating proteins? | [
"Myosin and myoglobin",
"Dynein and kinesin",
"Calmodelin and G protien",
"Troponin"
] | B | Myosin, kinesin and dynein are referred to as force generating proteins. These molecular motors move proteins, organelles, and other cell pas referred to as "cargo" to all pas of the cell. They conve the energy of ATP into movement along the cytoskeleton, taking their cargo with them. Ref: Ganong's Review of Medical Ph... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Carcinoma known for perineural invasion is | [
"Pleomorphic adenoma",
"Squamous cell carcinoma",
"Mucoepidermoid carcinoma",
"Adenoid cystic carcinoma"
] | D | ADENOID CYSTIC CARCINOMA (CYLINDROMA) It is a slow-growing tumour but infiltrates widely into the tissue planes and muscles. It also invades perineural spaces and lymphatics and thus causes pain and VIIth nerve paralysis. It can metastasize to lymph nodes. Local recurrences after surgical excision are common and can oc... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Choose the appropriate lettered site or structure in this CT scan of the thorax from a 42-year old man who complains of chest pain and breathing problems. His electrocardiogram shows left ventricular hypertrophy. The left coronary artery arises from which structure? | [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
] | C | (c) The right and left coronary arteries arise from the ascending aorta | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vaginal changes in normal pregnancy show: | [
"High pH",
"Increased lactobacilli",
"Increased anaerobic bacteria",
"Decrease in glycogen contents"
] | B | The considerably increased volume of cervical secretions within the vagina during pregnancy consists of a somewhat thick, white discharge. The pH is acidic, varying from 3.5 to 6. This results from increased production of lactic acid from glycogen in the vaginal epithelium by the action of Lactobacillus acidophilus. Th... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Card test is done for? | [
"Abductor pollicis brevis",
"Dorsal interossei",
"Palmar interossei",
"Adductor pollicis"
] | C | Card test - Person is told to hold a card tightly between the fingers to test palmar interossei.
Book test - To test adductor polllicis.
Pen test - To test for abductor pollicis brevis. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Gas used to measure the diffusion capacity of lung | [
"CO",
"NO",
"CO2",
"Nitrogen"
] | A | Diffusion Capacity. Diffusion capacity assesses how well a tracer gas in inspired air can cross from the air into the blood. The test measures the absorption of a low concentration of carbon monoxide in inhaled air by hemoglobin in red blood cells that circulate through pulmonary capillaries. Ref: guyton and hall textb... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 51-year-old complains of abdominal pain of 2-month duration. A CT scan of the patient's abdomen is shown. An angiogram indicates that several arteries of the gastrointestinal tract are occluded due to atherosclerosis, producing bowel ischemia. Which of the following arteries is most likely occluded in the CT scan? | [
"Middle colic",
"Right colic",
"Left colic",
"Iliocolic"
] | C | (c) Source: GAS 336; GA 147, 160 The arrows in the CT scan point to the descending colon. Therefore, the left colic artery, which supplies the descending colon, is the one most likely occluded in the CT scan. The middle colic, right colic, and ileocolic artery supply the ascending colon, and the marginal artery provide... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The indicator of active multiplication of Hepatitis B virus is - | [
"HbsAg",
"HbcAg",
"HbeAg",
"None of the above"
] | C | HBeAg reflects active multiplication of the virus in the liver Davidson page 952 | train | med_mcqa | null |
The fixative used in histopathology | [
"10% buffered neutral formalin",
"Bouins fixative",
"Glutaraldehyde",
"Ethyl alcohol"
] | A | Tissue cassettes along with the unique number given in the gross room to the tissue sample are carried throughout laboratory procedures. Majority of histopathology depaments use automated tissue processors (Fig. 2.1) having 12 separate stages completing the cycle in about 18 hours by overnight schedule as under:10% for... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The causative agent for duodenal ulcer is; | [
"Shigella",
"E. coli",
"H. Pylori",
"Lactobacilli"
] | C | H. Pylori is gram negative bacteria, non-spore forming, micro aerophilic, extra cellular bacteria. H. pylori causes Peptic ulcer disease (80% of duodenal ulcer and 60% of gastric ulcer) It acts by decreasing Somatostatin - producing D cells. Other diseases caused by it are - Chronic atrophic gastritis and Autoimmune ga... | train | med_mcqa | null |
How many mm from the limbus is the safest site of intravitral injection? | [
"1-2mm",
"2-3mm",
"3-4mm",
"4-5mm"
] | C | Intravitreal injection (Distance from Limbus) 1) For aphakics - 3mm 2) For pseudophakes - 3.5mm 3) For phakics - 4mm Ref: American academy of ophthalmology -EYE Wiki | train | med_mcqa | null |
&;D&;-form of amino acid is derived from | [
"Synthesis in muscle",
"Break down from muscle",
"From external source",
"Produced in liver"
] | C | Optical Activity 1. Amino acids having an asymmetric carbon atom exhibit optical activity. Asymmetry arises when 4 different groups are attached to the same carbon atomGlycine is the simplest amino acid and has no asymmetric carbon atom and therefore shows no optical activity. All others are optically active. 3. The mi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) following administration of honey is due to: MAHE 12 | [
"Staphylococcus aureus",
"Yersinia enterocolitica",
"E. coli",
"Clostridium botulinum"
] | D | Ans. Clostridium botulinum | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following statements is true regarding transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)? | [
"Does not require general anesthesia.",
"Seizures not required for therapeutic effects.",
"Non-invasive CNS stimulant.",
"All of the above"
] | D | Ans. D. All of the aboveTMS has been developed as a way to stimulate the CNS noninvasively by application of a focal magnetic field over regions of the cortex. Refinements of magnetic stimulators, including the development of stimulators capable of discharging at frequencies up to 60Hz (referred to as rapid-rate TMS ) ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Volume of distribution of drug is given by | [
"Vd=Dose administrated i.v./Plasma concentration",
"Vd=Maximum tolerated dose/Dose administered i.v.",
"Vd=Dose administered i.v./Total lipid solubility",
"Vd=t 1/2/Dose Administered i.v."
] | A | Apparent volume of distribution (Vd); Presuming that the body behaves as a single homogeneous compament with volume V into which drug gets immediately and uniformly distributedvd =dose administered i.v./ plasma concentration volume of distribution is the theoretical volume that would be necessary to contain the total a... | train | med_mcqa | null |
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