question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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A dead body is found to have marks like branching of a tree on front of chest. The most likely cause of death could be due to - | [
"Fire-arm",
"Lightening injury",
"Injuries due to bomb blast",
"Road traffic accident"
] | B | ARBORESCENT OR FILIGREE BURNS OR LICHTENBERG'S FLOWERS: They are superficial thin irregular and touous markings on the skin These markings have a general pattern resembling the branches of a tree this fern-like pattern of erythema in the skin is usually found over the shoulders and flanks. It is not ceain whether it de... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The axillary aery is divided into three pas by | [
"Pectoralis major",
"Pectoralis minor",
"Teres major",
"Teres minor"
] | B | Axillary aery is the continuation of the subclan aery. It extends from the outer border of the first rib to the lower border of the teres major muscle. It continues as the brachial aery. The pectoralis minor muscle crosses it and divides it into three pas. they are - (i) First pa, superior (proximal) to the muscle. (ii... | train | med_mcqa | null |
What would be an ideal clasp on a tooth with high survey Line? | [
"All wrought clasp",
"All metal clasp",
"Cast metal clasp with wrought retentive terminal",
"Wrought metal clasp with soldered noble metal retentive terminal"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Migraine is due to - | [
"Dilatation of cranial arteries",
"Constriction of cranial arteries",
"Cortical spreading dissociation",
"Meningial inflammation"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Cortical spreading dissociation Pathophysiology of migraineTraditional theories of mieraine# The once popular vascular theory of migraine, which suggested that migraine headache was caused by the dilatation of blood vessels, while the aura of migraine resulted from vasoconstriction, is no longer consi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True statement regarding first order kinetics is: | [
"Rate of elimination is independent of plasma concentration",
"A constant proportion of plasma concentration is eliminated per unit time",
"Half life increases with dose",
"Clearance decreases with dose"
] | B | Ans. (B) A constant proportion of plasma concentration is eliminated per unit time(Ref: RID 8th/e p38-39)In first order kinetics, rate of elimination is proportional to plasma concentration of the drug. Half life and clearance are constant in first order kinetics. | train | med_mcqa | null |
During cranial nerve examination, a neurologist asks a 33 year old patient to protrude his tongue. On doing so, her tongue detes to the right side. This finding results from paralysis of tongue muscle namely? | [
"Genioglossus",
"Styloglossus",
"Palatoglossus",
"Hyoglossus"
] | A | Genioglossus | train | med_mcqa | null |
Spontaneous bleeding occurs when platelet count falls below | [
"50,000/microL",
"40,000/microL",
"30,000/microL",
"20,000/microL"
] | D | >= 50,000/mL Minimal 20,000-50,000/mL Minor bleeding after trauma < 20,000/mL Spontaneous bleeding < 5000/mL Severe, possibly life-threatening spontaneous bleeding | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 74-year-old woman with a history of a previous total abdominal hysterectomy presents with abdominal pain and distention for 3 days. She is noted on plain films to have dilated small-bowel and air-fluid levels. She is taken to the operating room for a small-bowel obstruction. Which of the following inhalational anesth... | [
"Diethyl ether",
"Nitrous oxide",
"Halothane",
"Methoxyflurane"
] | B | Nitrous oxide has a low solubility compared with other inhalation anesthetics; nitrous oxide is more soluble in blood than nitrogen and is the only anesthetic gas less dense than air. As a result of these propeies, nitrous oxide may cause progressive distension of air-filled spaces during prolonged anesthesia. Since ni... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Infections transmitted from man to animals is known as | [
"Anthropozoonoses",
"Zooanthroponoses",
"Zoonoses",
"Amphixenosis"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 32 year old female starts developing suspicion on her husband of having an affair with his secretory for 2 weeks. Diagnosis is? | [
"Illusion",
"Delusion",
"Hallucination",
"Delirium"
] | B | Ans is 'b' i.e. Delusion * Above is an example of delusion of infidelity (morbid jealousy, Othello syndrome) i.e. False belief that one's lover has been unfaithful* A delusion is false, firm (unshakeable) belief that is not accepted by other members of patient's culture and society. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bruxism is - | [
"Walking during sleep",
"Nocturnal enuresis",
"Grinding of teeth during sleep",
"Sleep apnoea"
] | C | Bruxism is grinding of teeth which occurs during stage 3 & 4 of NREM sleep. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Combined oral pills protect the woman against all except | [
"Menorrhagia",
"Benign breast disease",
"Pelvic inflammatory disease",
"Venous thromboembolism"
] | D | OC pills are found to protect against: Benign breast disorder Ovarian cyst PID Ectopic pregnancy Ovarian cancer Side effect of pills is Venous thrombosis with or without pulmonary embolus. Reference : Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition, Page no: 502 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Recently approved drug for psychosis associated with Parkinsonism is? | [
"Lorcaserin",
"Pimavanserin",
"Cycloserine",
"Mianserin"
] | B | Pimavanserin An inverse agonist at 5HT2A receptor Approved for psychosis associated parkinsonism | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is differentiated from other atypical mycobacteria by- | [
"Niacin test",
"AFB staining",
"PAS staining",
"None of the above"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 8-yrs-old child has a history since early childhood of malabsorption, ataxia, acanthocytes in the peripheral blood, and very low cholesterol and triglyceride levels. In addition, the patient has been developing progressive, bilateral, concentric contraction of the visual fields and loss of central vision. The underly... | [
"A degenerative disease involving the cerebellum",
"A defect in the synthesis of apolipoprotein B",
"Degeneration of the posterior columns, spinocerebellar tracts, and coicospinal tracts",
"An absence of high-density lipoproteins"
] | B | The patient has abetalipoproteinemia, which is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by an absence of apolipoprotein B. Apolipoprotein B is an integral component of chylomicrons, very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), and low-density lipoproteins (LDL). Without the apoprotein, triglyceride and cholesterol can... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are indicators of ovulation except: March 2008 | [
"Increase in cervical mucus",
"Abdominal cramps",
"LH surge",
"Fall in body temperature"
] | D | Ans. D: Fall in body temperature Frequent physical signs indicating ovulation are: Increased body temperature LH surge Increased cervical mucus -cervical mucus is most abundant and becomes clear and slippery and stretches like egg white Change of position and firmness of cervix Abdominal cramps (Mittelschmerz) Increase... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following structures forms the boundaries of the quadrangular space which is present under the deltoid muscle in the shoulder region, from the posterior side, EXCEPT: | [
"Teres minor",
"Teres major",
"Surgical neck of humerus",
"Long head of biceps brachii"
] | D | Structures forming the boundaries of the quadrangular space from the posterior side are:Superiorly by teres minorInferiorly by teres majorLaterally by surgical neck of humerusMedially by long head of triceps brachiiContents of the quadrangular space are:Axillary nervePosterior circumflex humeral vesselsSagging pa of sh... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A community has population of 20% below 15 years and 15% above 65 years of age. calculate the dependency ratio. | [
"34%",
"40%",
"54%",
"85%"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cause of blindness in pterygium ? | [
"Astigmatism",
"Loss of visual axis",
"Cataract",
"Limitation of ocular movements"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Astigmatism Ptervgium Pterygium is a non-cancerous (non-neoplastic) growth of conjunctiva, characterized by a wing-shaped fold of conjunctiva encroaching upon the cornea from either side within the interpalpebral fissure. Pterygium is always situated in the palpebral apeure. Pathologically Pterygium i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient with hereditary fructose intolerance is deficient in which of the following enzyme- | [
"Aldolase B",
"Fructokinase",
"Triokinase",
"All of the above"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Retardation of skeletal maturity can be caused by all except- | [
"Chronic renal failure",
"Hypothyroidism",
"Protein energy malnutrition (PEM)",
"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia"
] | D | Ans is option 4 .. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia Delay in bone age is seen in - Nutritional dwarfism Hypopituitarism Hypothyroidism Renal failure In congenital adrenal hyperplasia increase in the level of sex hormones accelerates bone maturation. Ref Harrison 17/e p2208 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sentinel lymph node biopsy is done in all except: | [
"Ca vulva",
"Ca cervix",
"Ca breast",
"Choriocarcinoma"
] | D | Ref: Dm to Textbook of Gynecology 5th ed pg.328Explanation:Sentinel lymph node is the first node that drains the primary tumourIn most cases there is a single sentinel lymph nodeThis node can be detected by intraoperative lymphatic mapping injecting methylene blue dye into the tumour or lymphoscintigraphy using technit... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Patients has G6PD deficiency often have an increased susceptibility to infection, which in turn may precipitate a hemolytic episode. What is the most likely underlying mechanism for the increased risk of infection? | [
"Decreased amount of glutathione in the white blood cells",
"Decreased amount of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) in the white blood cells",
"Defective phagocytosis",
"Deficiency of myeloperoxidase"
] | B | Acute hemolytic episodes in patients with glucose 6phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency are most commonly precipitated by infection. Increased susceptibility to infection in these patients is related to a decrease in reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) synthesis in neurophil s and monocytes... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about precision attachment: | [
"One intracoronal preparation in tooth + one integrated into RPD prosthesis to stabilize and / or retain it",
"One intracoronal preparation in tooth + one removable attachment to prosthesis",
"One intracoronal fixed on abutment + one integrated into RPD prosthesis to stabilize and / or retain it",
"All of the... | C | Internal attachment / precision attachment - Means interlocking device, one component of fixed into an abutment or abutments + other integrated to a removable prosthesis to stabilize and/or retain it
Semipresicion rest- Rigid metallic extension of a fixed or RPD + fits into an intracoronal preparation in a cast restora... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most impoant pathogen causing pneumonia in a patient with bronchiectasis is: | [
"Streptococcus pneumoniae",
"Oral anaerobes",
"Acinetobacter spp",
"Staphylococcus aureus"
] | D | Impoant pathogen causing pneumonia in a patient with bronchiectasis 1. P. aeruginosa 2. Burkholderia cepacia 3. Staphylococcus aureus All others in the list are causing pneumonia in chronic alcoholic patients Ref: Harrison, E-18, P-2132. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is a quantitative defect in globin synthesis | [
"Thalassemia",
"Sickle cell hemoglobinopathy",
"G6PD deficiency",
"Diamond-Black fan syndrome"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Thalassemia | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 32-year-old patient received a badly placed intramuscular injection to the posterior part of his gluteal region. The needle injured a motor nerve in the area. Later, he had great difficulty rising to a standing position from a seated position. Which muscle was most likely affected by the injury? | [
"Gluteus maximus",
"Gluteus minimus",
"Hamstrings",
"Iliopsoas"
] | A | The gluteus maximus is innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve, and this muscle is responsible for extension and lateral rotation of the thigh. It is the primary muscle used to rise from a seated position. The gluteus minimus is innervated by the superior gluteal nerve and is responsible for abduction of the thigh. Ha... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Following are radiological signs of uterine fibroid except | [
"Calcification seen as echogenic foci with shadowing on USG.",
"High signal intensity on T1 weighted image around centrally located myoma suggests red degeneration.",
"Hypoechoic, isoechoic or even hyper echoic compared to normal myometrium.",
"Interruption of the junctional zone and focal thinning of myometr... | D | Interruption of junctional zone and focal thinning of myometrium is seen with placenta accreta. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common Complication of dialysis is | [
"Hypotension",
"Anaphylaxis",
"Dialysis dysequilibrium syndrome",
"Amyloidsis"
] | A | M/C - Hypotension. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Less sedating anti emetic used in motion sickness and vertigo | [
"Cyproheptadine",
"Chlorpheniramine",
"Promethazine",
"Meclizine"
] | D | Meclizine and cyclizine are often used in preventing motion sickness and for short-term treatment of vertigo because they are less sedating than diphenhydramine and promethazine.
Promethazine also causes antiemetic activity and is available as a suppository or for injection. Chlorpheniramine and brompheniramine, whic... | train | med_mcqa | null |
For selection of stainless steel crown, which of the following is not the criterion? | [
"Mesial distal diameter",
"Light resistance during seating",
"Occlusal morphology",
"Crown height"
] | C | Three main considerations have to taken care while selecting SS crown for pedo patients:
Mesial distal diameter
Light resistance during seating
Crown height
Before preparation, use Boley's gauge. After preparation, trial and error method should be followed.
Smallest crown is selected. Friction should be felt, when cr... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Non- essential amino acid | [
"Valine",
"Leucine",
"Tryptophan",
"Serine"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
H. Influenzae true statement is/are | [
"Capsulated coccobacilli, shows pleomorphism.",
"Stained by Loeffler's methylene blue/Dilute carbol fuchsin",
"Shows satellitism (dependent upon V factor).",
"All of the above"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Laproscopic procedure patient develops shoulder pain due to - | [
"Subphrenic abscess",
"Positional pain during surgery",
"Subdiaphragmatic migration of gas",
"Injury to liver"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Subdiaphragmatic migration of gas * One type of pain that is unique to laparoscopy is the post laparoscopy shoulder pain due to the phrenic nerve irritation to the diaphragm caused by the CO2 gas that remains in the abdomen at the end of the procedure. When the patient sits up, the gas moves upwards t... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not true regarding M cells | [
"Larger cells",
"Color contrast",
"High Luminous contrast",
"Low Spatial frequency"
] | B | Color contrast is seen by P cells and not M Cells PARALLEL PROCESSING M CELL P CELL COLOR CONTRAST NO YES LUMINANCE CONTRAST HIGHER LOWER SIZE LARGER CELLS SMALLER CELLS SPATIAL FREQUENCY LOWER HIGHER TEMPORAL FREQUENCY HIGHER LOWER | train | med_mcqa | null |
Streptokinase and urokinase are contraindicated in- | [
"Intracranial malignancy",
"Pulmonary embolism",
"AV fistula",
"Thrombophlebitis"
] | A | Ref: R Alagappan - Manual of Practical Medicine 4th Edition.pg no:188-189 Agents without fibrin specificity: 1. Streptokinase - 1.5 million units IV infusion over 60 minutes 2. Urokinase Because of the development of antibodies, patients who were previously treated with streptokinase should be given an alternate thromb... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which organ is the primary site of hematopoiesis in the fetus before mid-pregnancy – | [
"Bone",
"Liver",
"Spleen",
"Lung"
] | B | In fetus, hematopoiesis occurs in three anatomic stages.
Mesoblastic stage
This stage of hematopoiesis begins between 10th and 14th days of gestation
It occurs in the extraembryonic structures principally in the yolk sac.
This stage of hematopoiesis essentially ceases by 10-12 week of gestation.
Hepatitis stage
By ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Reumatic activity involves mostly valves- | [
"Aortic & tricuspid",
"Aortic & pulmonary",
"Mitral & tricuspid",
"Mitral & aortic"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about metastatic calcification - | [
"Serum ca level is normal",
"Occurs in dead/dying tissue",
"Occurs in damaged heart valves",
"Calcification starts in mitochondria"
] | D | Calcification
The deposition of mineral salts of calcium is a normal process in the formation of bone and cartilage. Calcium entry into dead or dying cells is usual, owing to the inability of such cells to maintain a steep calcium gradient.
Pathological calcification
Pathological calcification is the abnormal deposi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hypergastrinemia with hypochlorhydria is seen in - | [
"Zollinger Ellison Syndrome",
"VIPoma",
"Penicious anemia",
"Glucagonoma"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Select the false statement among the following? | [
"Lipid soluble drugs tend to have higher distribution",
"Volume of distribution is reduced by high plasma protein binding",
"Loading dose is equal to Vd divided by target plasma concentration",
"T1/2 is constant in first order kinetics"
] | C | * Lipid soluble drugs (nonpolar) have high volumes of distribution than drugs which are more polar* Volume of distribution may be increased in renal failure & hepatic failure due to fluid retention, altered body fluid. However high plasma protein binding reduces the Vd. Loading dose = volume of distribution x target pl... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Alkalinization of urine ameliorates the toxicity of which of the following drugs | [
"Arabinoside -cytosine",
"Ifosfamide",
"Cisplatin",
"Methotrexate"
] | D | refer Goodman Gilman 12/e p85 Alkalinization of urine speeds the clearance of weakly acidic drugs like. Aspirin Phenobarbitone Chlotpropapamide Methotrexate | train | med_mcqa | null |
In PML, all of the following are seen except : | [
"Retinoic acid is used in treatment",
"15/17 translocation",
"CD 15/34 both seen in same cell",
"Associated with DIVC"
] | C | Answer is C (CD15 / 34 both seen in same cell) Acute promyelocytic Leukaemia (PML : FAB M3) * This is a type of Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) and has been classified as the M3 category according to the FAB morphological classification.9 * It constitutes 5 - 10% of all AML (Robbin's / Ghai) Pathological characteristic o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are derivatives of paramesonephric duct except | [
"Appendix of testis",
"Hydatid of morgagni",
"Uterus",
"Ganer's duct"
] | D | Paramesonephric ducts : In Females it forms uterine tubes, uterus and upper pa of vagina In Males:Its a vestigeal remanent Presents on the upper pole of the testis and attached to the tunica vaginalis which may give rise to cysts Ganer&;s duct: Derived from mesonephric duct in females. Longitudinal duct running paralle... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Lepromin test is positive in | [
"Lepromatous leprosy",
"Indeterminate leprosy",
"Tuberculoid leprosy",
"Histoid leprosy"
] | C | Lepromin test: skin test used to know prognosis. Not a diagnostic of leprosy helpful to classify type of leprosy. Positive in tuberculoid, borderline tuberculoid leprosy negative in lepromatous, borderline lepromatous and mid-borderline leprosy. iadvl textbook of dermatology page 2061 | train | med_mcqa | null |
AH are live vaccines except: | [
"BCG",
"Salk vaccine",
"Measles",
"Mumps"
] | B | Ref: A nanthanarayan, Paniker CJ. Textbook of microbiology. 8th Edition. London: John Wiley & Sons: 2009. Pg. 88. 451Explanation:Types of vaccines (See the following table) | train | med_mcqa | null |
CAP in LAC operon is an example of:(AIIMS Nov 2011, May 2011) | [
"Positive regulator",
"Negative regulator",
"Attenuation",
"Constitutive expression"
] | A | Ans. a. Positive regulator (Ref: Lippincott 4/e p418-420)CAP in LAC operon is an example of positive regulator."CAP-cAMP regulator is a positive regulator for Lac operonQ because its presence is required for gene expression."Operon is the segment of DN A strand, consisting of cluster of several genes involved in metabo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 27-year-old man has a history of low back pain and stiffness. After several months of mild symptoms, he notes more severe stiffness at night and hip pain. On physical examination, there is paravertebral muscle tenderness and limited flexion of the lumbar spine. X-ray of the lumbar spine shows sacroiliitis. In additio... | [
"NSAID therapy",
"phenylbutazone",
"azathioprine",
"acetaminophen"
] | A | All NSAIDs are probably equally effective in the treatment of this man's ankylosing spondylitis. Options include indomethacin or naproxen, but not phenylbutazone since it can cause aplastic anemia. Exercise and maintaining proper posture are very important. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The left suprarenal vein drains into: | [
"Inferior vena cava",
"Lt. renal vein",
"Rt. renal vein",
"Portal vein"
] | B | Ans: b (Lt. renal vein)Venous drainage of the suprarenals:Left suprarenal vein drains into the Lt. renal veinRt. suprarenal vein drains into the inferior vena cavaArterial supply.Each gland is supplied by:1) Superior suprarenal artery- Br. of inferior phrenic artery2) Middle suprarenal artery- Br. of abdominal aorta3) ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In congenital adrenal hyperplasia, deficient enzyme is - most womon- | [
"11 hydroxylase deficiency",
"21 a hydroxylase deficiency",
"3a hydroxylase deficiency",
"17a hydroxylase deficiency"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 21-a Hydroxylase dificiency Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)Group of AR disorderMC adrenal disorder in childhoodMost common 21-hydroxylase deficiencyIn 21a-hyroxylese deficiencyThere is deficiency of mineralocorticoids & glucocorticoid.This leads to hypoglycemia, hyponatremia. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Psoriasis Vulgaris is associated with | [
"HLA Cw6",
"HLA B27",
"HLA B51",
"HLA DR4"
] | A | Psoriasis Vulgaris is associated with HLA-Cw6 Behcet's disease with HLA-B51, and, spondyloahritides with HLA-B27. Significant HLA Class I and Class II Associations with Disease Spondyloahritides Ankylosing spondylitis Reactive ahritis (Reiter's) Acute anterior uveitis Reactive ahritis (Yersinia, Salmonella, Shigella, C... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In an inflammatory response, macrophages are usually derived from - | [
"Monocytes",
"Reticuloendothelial cells",
"Neutrophils",
"Lymphocytes"
] | A | When a monocyte enters damaged tissue through the endothelium of a blood vessel, a process known as the leukocyte extravasation, it undergoes a series of changes to become a macrophage. Reff: Ananthanarayanan & Panikers textbook of microbiology 9th edition pg: 137 | train | med_mcqa | null |
A major indication for orthognathic surgery before puberty is | [
"Transverse deficiency of maxilla",
"Ankylosis of mandible",
"Prognathic mandible",
"Hyperdivergent facial pattern with anterior open bite"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The client who is human immunodeficiency virus seropositive has been taking Saquinavir (Invirase). The nurse provides medication instructions and advises the client to: | [
"Take the medication in the morning before meals.",
"Include a low-fat diet.",
"Weight gain is expected.",
"Avoid being exposed to sunlight."
] | D | Saquinavir (Invirase) is an antiviral medicine that prevents human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from multiplying in the body. This can cause photosensitivity so the nurse should instruct the client to avoid sun exposure.
Option A: The medicine is taken with food or within 2 hours after eating a full meal.
Option B: Th... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following statements about prenatal steroids are true except - | [
"They cause 50% reduction in respiratory distress syndrome and intra-ventricular haemorrhage",
"These are advocated to mothers at risk of pre term delivery at 24-34 weeks of gestation.",
"These can be safely administered to mothers with hypeension or diabetes.",
"These can be given even in the presence of cho... | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., These can be given even in the presence of chorioamnionitis clinically | train | med_mcqa | null |
4 year old male child had febrile seizures, best prophylaxis - | [
"Paracetamol 6 hourly",
"Paracetamol & diazepam",
"Diazepam",
"Phenobarbitone"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Diazepam Prophylaxis in febrile seizures Prophylactic anticonvulsants are not given routinely in febrile seizures. They are required when ? i) Febrile seizure is prolonged or complicated ii) Medical reassurance fails to relieve family anxiety. Prophylaxis may be continuous or intermittent Intermittent... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A giant congenital melanocytic nevus is usually of the size: | [
"5-10cm",
"10-15 cm",
"15-20 cm",
">20cm"
] | D | American National Institutes of Health (NIH) consensus definition to categorize naevi as small under 1.5 cm in diameter, large as having a diameter between 1.5 and 20 cm and giant naevi as having a diameter of 20 cm or more. Note: It is also called garment or bathing-trunk naevus. Most common site is lower back. Ref: R... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Use of an angled target in the X-ray tube | [
"Increases penetrating power of X-rays",
"Reduces penetrating power of X-rays",
"Increases image sharpness",
"Reduces image sharpness"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bad prognosis in multiple myeloma is indicated by - | [
"WBC > 20000",
"Azotemia",
"Hypocalcemia",
"Low or normal M component production"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Rate limiting enzyme in fatty acid synthesis - | [
"PDH dehydrogenase",
"Malonyl reductase",
"Acety l CoA carboxylase",
"Transacetylase"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Acetyl CoA carboxylase o Production of malonyl-CoA is the initial and rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis.o Acetyl-CoA needs to be converted to activated form, which will serve as the donor of carbon units to growing fatty acid chain.o Malonyl-CoA) a 3- carbon compound Is such activated form.o ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A couple has 2 children but now they are uable to conceive. The father is diagnosed to be having hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism. Which of the following is false: | [
"Low LH and FSH",
"Normal testosterone",
"Oligospermia",
"High prolactin levels"
] | B | Hypogonadotropic HypogonadismPituitary is making less LH & FSH ; therefore stimulation to the gonads i.e testes is lesser leading to hypogonadism. 1. LH | & FSH | 2. | Testosterone 3. Oligospermia 4. High prolactin levels | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the following types of intestinal lipomas lead to intussuscepions? | [
"Submucous",
"Subserous",
"Intramuscular",
"None"
] | A | .Aetiology of intussuception * Idiopathic ISS is common in children, occurs in terminal 50 cm of ileum. * During weaning, change in diet causes inflammation and oedema of Peyer's patches--may stimulate ISS. * Upper respiratory tract viral infection which causes oedema of Peyer's patches is also thought as an aetiology ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 60 year old man with progressive dementia of recent onset presents with intermittent irregular jerky movemet EEG shows periodic sharp biphasic waves. The most likely diagnosis is | [
"Alzheimers's disease",
"Creutzfeldt Jakob disease",
"Lewy body dementia",
"Herpes simplex Encephalitis"
] | B | Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), also known as classic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, is a fatal degenerative brain disorder.] Early symptoms include memory problems, behavioral changes, poor coordination, and visual disturbances. This is accompanied by physical problems such as speech impairment, balance and coordination ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most commonly used local anaesthetics | [
"Dibucaine",
"Bupivacaine",
"Prilocaine",
"Tetracaine"
] | B | BupivacaineBupivacaine is 2nd most commonly used local anaesthetic (after lidocaine)Bupivacaine has the highest local tissue irritancy amongst local anaestheticsIt is the most cardiotoxic local anaestheticLevobupivacaine (The S(-) enantiomer of bupivacaine) is less cardiotoxic and less prone to cause seizureConcentrati... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ring sequestrum is seen in | [
"Typhoid osteomyelitis",
"Chronic osteomyelitis",
"Amputation stump",
"Tuberculosis osteomyelitis"
] | C | C i.e. Amputation Stump Excessive periosteal stripping is contraindicated as it may result in formation of ring sequestrum in amputation stumpQType of Sequestrum Found InRing sequestrum - Amputation stumpsQ - Around pin tracks (external fixator)Tubular sequestrum - Hematogenous osteomyelitis - Segmental fractures (midd... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following statements about an alginate | [
"It should be rapidly displaced from the mouth",
"It may exhibit fluid exudates on the surface as a result of imbibition of water",
"It will take up water and expand if kept wet",
"It will shrink as a result of syneresis"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Unit of one of radiation absorbed is – | [
"Grey",
"Roengten",
"Curie",
"Bequerrel"
] | A | Units of potency
Roentgen and coulomb per kilograme → Units of exposure. It is the amount to which a person is exposed.
Red and Gray → Units of absorbed dose. It is the amount which is absorbed per gram of tissue.
Rem and Sievert → Product of the absorbed dose and the modifying factor. Represent the degree of potent... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Glanders disease is caused by- | [
"Burkholderia mallei",
"Diphtheria",
"Mumps",
"Burkholderia pseudomallei"
] | A | Ans. A. Burkhoideria mallei.a. B. mallei is a GNB, non sporing, non-motile, oxidase negative, facultative anaerobe.b. Causes disease in horses, mules and asses- glanders characterized by nasal abscesses and Farcy buds/pipes.c. Human infection is occupational found in Osier's, grooms and vets.d. Pneumonia and septicemia... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not a product of complete hydrolysis of Sphingomyelin? | [
"Choline",
"Phosphate",
"Ceramide",
"Palmitic acid"
] | C | Sphingomyelin is made up of sphingosine alcohol, one fatty acid, one phosphate, and one choline. So, sphingosine alcohol, one fatty acid, one phosphate, and one choline are products of complete hydrolysis of sphingomyelin. This fatty acid can be palmitic acid. So palmitic acid can be a product of complete hydrolysis. B... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The normal value of P50 on the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve in an adult is | [
"1.8 kPa",
"2.7 kPa",
"3.6 kPa",
"4.5 kPa"
] | C | Adult Hb- 50% saturation at PO2 of 26mmHg.
1mmHg= 0.133 KPa
26mmHg= 0.133 X 26 = 3.45 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common subtype of thyroid cancer is? | [
"Medullary carcinoma",
"Papillary carcinoma",
"Follicular carcinoma",
"Anaplastic carcinoma"
] | B | ANSWER: (B) Papillary carcinomaREF: Sabiston 18th ed chapter 36, Schwartz 9th ed chapter 38Papillary carcinoma is the most common of the thyroid neoplasms and is usually associated with an excellent prognosis, particularly in female patients younger than 40 years. About 70% to 80% of patients in the United States in wh... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Techniques of delivery of after coming head in breech presentation | [
"Burns-Marshall method",
"Forceps delivery",
"Modified Mauriceau-Smellie-Veit technique",
"All of the above"
] | D | Ans. is a, b and c i.e. Burns-Marshall method; Forceps delivery; and Modified Mauriceau-Smellie-Veit technique Methods of delivery of after coming head of breech : Burns marshall technique Mouriceau smellie met technique Piper's forcep. Note Lovset's manoeuvre is used for delivery of extended arms in breech. | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about Condyloma acuminata are all EXCEPT? | [
"Associated with HPV",
"Can be transmitted sexually.",
"May be precancerous",
"Risk is reduced by use of oral contraceptives."
] | D | Also called venereal was, these are caused by the HPV. These was spread diffusely over the whole of the vulval area and may appear discrete or coalesce to form large cauliflower-like growths. The growths are seen in women of the childbearing age and are mainly sexually transmitted. Vaginal discharge, oral contraceptive... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Anaemia due to antibodies against blood group antigens | [
"Hereditary spherocytosis",
"G6PD deficiency",
"Haemolytic disease of the newborn",
"Alpha thalassemia major"
] | C | Answer- C. Haemolytic disease of the newbornHemolytic disease of thefetus and newborn (HDFN), also known as alloimmune HDFN or erythroblastosis fetalis, is caused by the destruction of reil blood cells (RBCs) of the neonate or fetus by maternal IgG antibodies. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ulipristal acetate is a: | [
"GnRH agonist",
"Selective progesterone receptor modulator",
"Androgen antagonist",
"Selective estrogen receptor modulator"
] | B | Ulipristal Synthetic progesterone hormone receptor modulator Attaches to progesterone receptor and prevents/delays ovulation and suppresses endometrium,prevents implantation. Although not approved for its use in India, it is being tried for its role in medical management of fibroid uterus and as an emergency contracept... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Absent moro's reflex is seen in which of the following conditions | [
"Neonatal hypoglycemia",
"Erb's Palsy",
"Fracture clavicle",
"Stage III hypoxic Ischaemic Encephalopathy (HIE)"
] | D | Absent Moro's reflex seen in:
Stage III HIE
Kerincterus
Down syndrome
Brisk / Exaggerated Moro's reflex seen in;
Stage I HIE
Neonatal hypoglycemia
Asymmetric moro's reflex seen in:
Fracture clavicle
Erb's palsy
Congenital hemiplegia. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The ability of stem cells to cross the barrier of differentiation to transform into a cell of another lineage expressing the molecular characteristics of different cell type with the ability to perform the function of the new cell type is referred as: | [
"De differentiation",
"Re differentiation",
"Trans differentiation",
"Sub differentiation"
] | C | Transdifferentiation is defined as:-
The change of a cell or tissue from one differentiated state to another.
The differentiation of a tissue-specific stem cell into another type of cell as for example a bone marrow stem cell differentiating into a neuron.
Dedifferentiation
It is a cellular process commonly believed... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Stimulation of horizontal semicircular canal causes nystagmus in which direction? | [
"Veical",
"Horizontal",
"Rotatory",
"Any of the above"
] | B | The cupulae of the semicircular canals are stimulated by the movement of endolymphatic fluid and each canal causes the nystagmus in its own plane:-Stimulation of horizontal SCC - Horizontal nystagmusStimulation of superior SCC - rotary nystagmusStimulation of veical SCC - Veical nystagmusRef: PL Dhingra, Diseases of Ea... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The concentration of potassium in micro gram in ORS is – | [
"30 meq",
"20 meq",
"90 meq",
"60 meq"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is not associated with DIC | [
"Thrombocytopenia",
"Increased PT",
"Hyperfibrinogenemia",
"Increased FDP"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Hyperfibrinogenemia o DIC is associated with decreased plasma fibrinogen level. | train | med_mcqa | null |
An endogenous peptide that causes vasodilation and is inactivated by angiotensin converting enzyme is: | [
"Angiotensinogen",
"Angiotensin–I",
"Angiotensin–II",
"Bradykinin"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The rectum measures | [
"18 cm",
"22 cm",
"17 cm",
"15 cm"
] | D | The adult rectum is approximately 12-18 cm in length and is conveniently divided into three equal pas: the upper third, which is mobile and has a peritoneal coat; the middle third where the peritoneum covers only the anterior and pa of the lateral surfaces; and the lowest third, which lies deep in the pelvis surrounded... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Time sparing methods of Preoxygenation described is- | [
"Four vital capacity breath is 30 secs.",
"Eight vital capacity breath is 1 min",
"Two breath breaths",
"None of the above"
] | A | Preoxygenation before anesthetic induction and tracheal intubation is a widely accepted maneuver, designed to increase the body oxygen stores and thereby delay the onset of aerial hemoglobin desaturation during apnea. Because difficulties with ventilation and intubation are unpredictable, the need for preoxygenation is... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The chief cause of perinatal moality in term frank breech presentation is : | [
"Intracranial hemorrhage",
"Prolapse of umbilical cord",
"Delay in delivery of head",
"Abnormalities"
] | A | Intracranial hemorrhage | train | med_mcqa | null |
In a child with exercise-induced asthma, which is done – | [
"Prophylaxis with steroids",
"Prophylaxis with Beta, agonist",
"Prophylaxis with theophyline",
"Breathing excercise"
] | B | Treatment of exercise-induced asthma
Exercise-induced bronchospasm should be anticipated in all asthma patients.
Treatment immediately prior to vigorous activity or exercise is usually effective.
Treatment is -
Short-acting inhaled β-agonist plus cromolyn. or
Short-acting inhaled β-agonist plus nedocromil. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is not a part of hypopharynx - | [
"Posterior cricoid region",
"Ary epiglottic folds",
"Posterior pharyngeal wall",
"Pyriform fossa"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 35-year-old HIV-positive man comes to you with a 6-month history of progressive memory loss and incontinence. He is taking zidovudine and a protease inhibitor. Examination demonstrates deficits in cognitive and fine motor control functions. Lab show a CD4 cell count of 25/mm3. MRI studies reveal moderate brain atroph... | [
"CMV encephalitis",
"Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis",
"HIV encephalitis",
"HIV myelopathy"
] | C | AIDS may lead to various complications affecting the CNS. Among these, HIV encephalitis, clinically known as AIDS dementia complex, is the most common. The pathologic substrate is a subacute inflammatory infiltration of the brain caused by direct spread of HIV to the CNS. Presence of the HIV genome can be demonstrated ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is a feature of high altitude pulmonary edema- | [
"Associated with low cardiac output",
"Associated with pulmonary hypeension",
"Occurs only m unacclamatized persons",
"Exercise has no effect"
] | B | HAPE is primarily a pulmonary problem and therefore is not necessarily preceded by HAPE develops within 2-4 days after arrival at high altitude; it rarely occurs after more than 4 or 5 days at the same altitude, probably because of remodeling and adaptation that render the pulmonary vasculature less susceptible to the ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Parvovirus infection is associated with - | [
"Hydrops fetalis",
"Aplastic crisis",
"sixth disease",
"AB"
] | D | parvo virus cause fetal hydrops&aplastislc crisis.it causes fifth disease REF:ANATHANARAYANAN MICROBIOLOGY NINTH EDITION PAGE.554 | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following genes may be involved in development of carcinoma of colon Except | [
"APC",
"Beta-Catenin",
"K-ras",
"Mismatch Repair Genes"
] | B | .Detection of mutations in congenital conditions like von - Hippel - Lindau disease (vHL gene); haemochromatosis (HFE gene); colorectal carcinoma(APC gene).Familial gastric cancer in associated with mutation of e-cadherin gene (90% risk). It causes hereditary diffuse gastric cancer. Relatives of such family show mutati... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Nerve gases include all, except | [
"Tabun",
"Bromo Benzyl Cyanide (BBC)",
"Sarin",
"Soman"
] | B | Tabun, Sarin, Soman, Cyclosarin are some examples of the nerve agents. Bromo Benzyl Cyanide is a tear gas. Ref - Krishnan Vij 5th edition pg 554-556 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Relation of hernial sac to spermatic cord in direct inguinal hernia is | [
"Sac is anterior to cord",
"Sac is posterior to cord",
"Sac is medial to cord",
"Sac is lateral to cord"
] | B | Ans. b (Sac is posterior to cord). (Ref. B & L, Surgery, 25th/pg. 70, 971)INGUINAL HERNIAS# Indirect inguinal hernia:- It is the remains of the processus vaginalis and therefore is congenital in origin.-It is more common than a direct inguinal hernia.- It is much more common in males than in females.- It is more common... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following causes excessive bleeding during tooth extraction except: | [
"Haemophilia - A",
"Haemophilia - B",
"Anti thrombin — III deficiency",
"Von-willebrand disease"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Satellite lesion on cornea are seen in: | [
"Viral ulcer",
"Bacterial ulcer",
"Fungal ulcer",
"Herpetic ulcer"
] | C | Ans. (c) Fungal ulcerRef: A.K. Khurana 6th ed. /106, Khurana 4th ed./100Please refer to above explanation | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pearl index is | [
"Failure rate / 1 women years",
"Failure rate/10 women years",
"Failure rate/100 women years",
"Failure rate/1000 women years"
] | C | Failure rate/100 women years | train | med_mcqa | null |
Myelin contains protein to lipid ratio as | [
"1:01",
"2:01",
"3:01",
"1:04"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following characteristics of this patient might increase the risk of a wound infection? | [
"History of colon surgery",
"Hypeension",
"Male sex",
"Recipient of chemotherapy"
] | D | The determinants of a postoperative wound infection include those related to the bacteria, the environment (i.e., the wound), and the host's defense mechanisms. Within this triad, there are factors predetermined by the status of the patient and by the type of procedure (e.g., contaminated versus clean, emergent versus ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Demyelinating disorder among the following is | [
"Multiple sclerosis",
"Typhoid",
"Cholera",
"All"
] | A | Multiple sclerosis is a autoimmune disorder It leads to demyelination of myelinated nervefibers Ref:Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology 12th edition,page number:72,73 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Functions of UGA codon | [
"Initiates transcription",
"Translates",
"Terminates protein synthesis",
"None"
] | C | TERMINATOR CODONS : There are three codons which do not code for any paicular aminoacid. They are "nonsense codons ",more correctly termed as puctuator codons or terminator codons. They mark end of protein synthesis . These three codons are UAA ,UAG,and UGA. REF :DM VASUDEVAN TEXTBOOK ; 8th EDITION ; Page no:580 | train | med_mcqa | null |
According to WHO, blindness is defined as: September 2009, 2010 | [
"Visual acuity of less than 1/60",
"Visual acuity of less than 3/60",
"Visual acuity of less than 6/60",
"Visual acuity of less than 6/18"
] | B | Ans. B: Visual acuity of less than 3/60 As per WHO, blindness is defined as Visual acuity of less than 3/60 in the better eye with befit possible correction. | train | med_mcqa | null |
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