question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Treatment of choice for phobias is - | [
"Psychotherapy",
"Behavior therapy",
"Sedatives",
"ECT"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Behaviour therapy Treatment of Phobias1. Behavior therapy: - The most studied and most effective treatment for phobia is behavior therapy. A variety of behavior therapies are used : -i) Systemic desensitization: - The most commonly used behavior therapy for phobias is systemic desensitization.ii) Expo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Birbeck granules are present in | [
"Merkel cells",
"Langerhans cells",
"Langhans cells",
"Melanocytes"
] | B | Ref Robbins 9/e p662 Birbeck granules, also known as Birbeck bodies, are rod shaped or "tennis-racket" cytoplasmic organelles with a central linear density and a striated appearance. First described in 1961 (where they were simply termed "characteristic granules"), they are solely found in Langerhans cells. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Blood groups Al and A2 differ in- | [
"Chemical structure of antigen",
"Spatial configuration of antigen",
"Molecular groups",
"Ionic charges on surface"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' ie chemical structure of antigenA l and A2 blood groups have different glycolipid antigens on erythrocyte membrane. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Lineage specific T Cell marker is | [
"CD 1",
"CD 19",
"CD 3",
"CD 4"
] | C | CD 3 is considered as lineage specific for Tcells. | train | med_mcqa | null |
All ofthe following are true about Zollinger-Ellsioii syndrome, except- | [
"Recurrent peptic ulcers",
"High levels of gastrin",
"Pyloric antral tumor",
"Basal acid output more than 15 mEq/L"
] | C | Pathophysiology The tumour secretes gastrin, which stimulates acid secretion to its maximal capacity and increases the parietal cell mass three- to sixfold. The acid output may be so great that it reaches the upper small intestine, reducing the luminal pH to 2 or less. Pancreatic lipase is inactivated and bile acids ar... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following liver metastases appear hypoechoic on ultrasound | [
"Breast cancer",
"Colon cancer",
"RCC",
"Mucinous adenocarcinoma"
] | A | Hepatic Metastases Metastases from breast cancer are typically hypoechoic (echo poor) on ultrasonography Metastases from carcinoma colon and RCC are typically hyoerechoic(echogenic) Metastases from mucinous adenocarcinoma of colon are typically calcified Sonographic pattern of hepatic metastases Echogenic- Neuroendocri... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Lower limit of retropharyngeal space is at ? | [
"C 7",
"Bifurcation of trachea",
"4th esophageal constriction",
"None"
] | B | Ans. is'b'i.e., Bifurcation of tracheaRetropharyngeal space is divided into two lateral spaces (space of gillette) by a fibrous band.Retropharyngeal space is limited above by the base of skull and below where the alar fascia fuses with buccopharyngeal fascia at the level of T4 and carina (bifurcation of trachea). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Aldosterone is secreted by- | [
"Zona glomerulosa",
"Zona fasiculata",
"Zona reticularis",
"Adrenal medulla"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Zona glomerulosa * The adrenal gland consists of an outer cortex and inner medulla. The hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex are called corticosteroid, which are classified into glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids and androgens. The hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla are epinephrine and some ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Maternal viremia most commonly spreading to fetus in utero: | [
"CMV",
"Rubella",
"HIV",
"Herpes"
] | A | Ans. (a) CMV Ref. Nelson 17/e, p 568, 623, 626, 631 Transplacental transmission occure in Viruses Rubella CMV HSV Varicella zoster virus Parvo B - 19 Coxasackie viruses HIV West nile virus Coxasackie viruses HBV and HCV Measles Bacteria Syphilis TB Brucella Parasite Plasmodium T. cruzi Microsporidia Toxoplasma | train | med_mcqa | null |
The most likely cause for suture leak after colon resection and anastomosis for cancer sigmoid is - | [
"Subclinical malnutrition",
"Infection of anastomotic site",
"Mechanical disruption due to colonic pressure and contractility",
"Ischaemia"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 65 year old female presents with recurrent episodes of gross painless hematuria. What is the most common cause of gross painless hematuria? | [
"Renal tuberculosis",
"Ca bladder",
"Urethral stricture",
"Intestinal nephritis"
] | B | Gross painless hematuria is the most common presenting sign of bladder cancer. Other symptoms includes irritative voiding symptoms such as frequency, urgency and dysuria. Microscopic hematuria is mainly nephrologic in origin whereas gross hematuria is commonly urologic in origin. Reference: Conn's Current Therapy 2012,... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mondor's disease is - | [
"Thrombophlebitis of the Superficial veins of Breast",
"Carcinoma of the breast",
"Premalignant condition of the breast",
"Filariasis of the breast"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Thrombophlebitis of the Superficial veins of Breast Mondor's diseaseo is thrombophlebitis of the superficial veins of anterior chest wall and breast although it has also been seen in the arm.o Frequently involved veins are1. lateral thoracic vein,2. thoracoepigastric vein3. superficial epigastric vein... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about oral polio vaccine: | [
"Poliomyelitis in recipients",
"Poliomyelitis in contact of recipient",
"Guillein Barre syndrome",
"Vomiting and fever"
] | A | OPV has a rare complication of Vaccine associated paralytic Poliomyelitis (VAPP)
In vaccines: 1 in 1 million
In Close contacts of vaccines: 1 in 5 million | train | med_mcqa | null |
Memory T cells can be identified by using the following marker? | [
"CD45 RA",
"CD45 RB",
"CD45 RC",
"CD45 RO"
] | D | Stem memory TSCM cells, like naive cells, are CD45RO-, CCR7+, CD45RA+, CD62L+ (L-selectin), CD27+, CD28+ and IL-7Ra+, but they also express large amounts of CD95, IL-2Rb, CXCR3, and LFA-1, and show numerous functional attributes distinctive of memory cells Reff: www.mayoclinic.com | train | med_mcqa | null |
Amino-acid substitute for tryptophan without altering proteins characteristics - | [
"Tyrosine",
"Phenylalanine",
"Methionine",
"Alanine"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Phenylalanine o Tryptophan is an aromatic amino acid, thus it can only be replaced with other aromatic amino acid, o Other two aromatic amino acids area)Phenylalanineb)Tyrosineo Among these two, phenylalanine can substitute tryptophan but not tyrosine because#Phenylalanine and tryptophan both are hydr... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The sympathetic supply of the fallopian tube and ovary is from | [
"T6 - T8",
"T8 - T10",
"T10 - T12",
"L2 - L4"
] | C | The nerve supply to ovaries runs the suspensory ligament of the ovary with the vasculature, to enter the ovary at the hilum.The ovaries receive sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibres from the ovarian and uterine (pelvic) plexuses, respectively. The ovarian plexus, derived from the renal, aoic and hypogastric plex... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The feulgen reaction is used to test | [
"mRNA",
"tRNA",
"DNA",
"rRNA"
] | C | *Feulgen stain is a staining technique to detect DNA *In this procedure, the specimen is exposed to warm HCL which causes hydrolysis of DNA to produce aldehyde. Then Schiff reagent is added which reacts with aldehyde to impa red colour. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Psudeounipolar neurons are seen in : | [
"Olfactory",
"Celiac ganglion",
"Spinal dorsal root ganglion",
"Cochlea"
] | C | C i.e., Spinal dorsal root ganglion Pseudo-unipolar neurons is seen in dorsal spinal nerve root ganglion.Q | train | med_mcqa | null |
Disodium cromoglycate is used by which of the following routes ? | [
"Inhalation",
"Oral",
"IV",
"IM"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
In clinical practice, most common psychiatric illness seen is: | [
"Maniac disorder",
"Schizophrenia",
"Depressive disorder",
"Bipolar disorder"
] | C | Ans. (c) Depressive disorderRef. Kaplan synopsis 10thed./ 528-30* Most common psychiatric disorder in India and worldwide: Major depression* Female is most commonly affected as compared to males* Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder associated with severe medical illness like hypothyroidism, cancer, AIDS,... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Leukocyte alkaline phosphate is increased in all, except | [
"Polycythemia vera",
"CML",
"Myelofibrosis",
"Myeloid metaplasia"
] | B | Answer is B (CML): Leucocyte Alkaline phosphatase is decreased in CML (chronic myeloid leukemia) PNH (Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drugs used in CHF are: | [
"Nesiritide",
"Digoxin",
"Spironolactone",
"All of the above"
] | D | Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside. Spironolactone is aldosterone antagonist and reduce ECF volume and thus decrease preload. Nesiritide enhances BNP (REF.Essentials of medical pharmacology KD TRIPATHI 8th Edition) | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 50-year-old man is found to have blood in his urine during a routine checkup. He is otherwise in excellent health, except for a mild microcytic, hypochromic anemia. An enlarged right kidney is found on X-ray examination, and CT scan reveals a renal mass of irregular shape, measuring 6 cm in diameter. Which of the fol... | [
"Angiomyolipoma",
"Metastatic carcinoma",
"Nephroblastoma",
"Renal cell carcinoma"
] | D | RCC is the most common cancer of the kidney, accounting for 90% of kidney cancers. Most cases of RCC are sporadic, but about 5% are inherited. The 5-year survival is 90% if the RCC has not extended beyond the renal capsule; survival drops to 30% if there are distant metastases. The tumor spreads most frequently to the ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Several types of gastrointestinal autografts have been used for reconstruction of the esophagus following removal of carcinomas. Most successful reconstructions have been achieved by which of the following autograft ? | [
"Stomach",
"Jejunum",
"Ileum",
"Ascending colon"
] | A | - Although all of the listed bowel segments have been used successfully for reconstruction of the esophagus following removal of carcinomas, the stomach remains the most frequently used autograft for esophageal reconstruction because of its excellent blood supply, the procedure can be performed at little risk as a sing... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Morrison's pouch is ? | [
"Right subphrenic space",
"Right subhepatic space",
"Left subhepatic space",
"Left subphrenic space"
] | B | These spaces are just below diaphragm in relation to the liver.These space are :1) Intraperitoneal spaces are :-Left anterior space (left subphrenic space).Left posterior space (left subhepatic space or lesser sac).Right anterior space, (right subphrenic space).Right posterior space (right subhepatic space or hepatoren... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The following interleukin is characteristically produced in TH1 response - | [
"IL1",
"IL2",
"IL3",
"IL4"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e.? IL2 Selected important cytokinesNameMajor Cellular SourceSelected Biologic EffectsIFN-a, -bLeukocytes (IFN-a), fibroblasts (IFN-b)Antiviral, pyrogenicIFN-(interferon)T cells, NK cellsActivates mononuclear phagocytesTNF-a (tumor necrosis factor alpha)Macrophages, NK cellsCell activation, fever, cachexi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the following is the best drug of choice for treatment of bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy: | [
"Clindamycin",
"Metronidazole",
"Erythromycin",
"Rivamycin"
] | B | Ans. is b, i.e. MetronidazoleRef. Shaw 14/e, p 118; COGDT 10/e, p 601; Harrison 17/e, p 827Bacterial Vaginosis:It is an alteration in the normal vaginal flora (so, termed as vaginosis and not vaginitis)Polymicrobial in natureIt is transmitted sexually QInfection is favoured by decrease in the number of protective bacte... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Amifostine protects all of the following except: | [
"CNS",
"Kidneys",
"Salivary glands",
"GIT"
] | A | Amifostine It is a prodrug that is dephosphorylated by alkaline phosphatase in tissues to a pharmacologically active free thiol metabolite Cause reduction of the cumulative renal toxicity of cisplatin and toxic effects of radiation on normal oral tissues Amifostine protects -Kidneys - Salivary glands - GIT | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not a pa of epithalamus | [
"Pineal body",
"Geniculate body",
"Trigonum habenulae",
"Posterior commisure"
] | B | The epithalamus consists of the habenular trigones on each side of the third ventricle, the pineal body (pineal gland or epiphysis cerebri), and the habenular commissure | train | med_mcqa | null |
Digitalis acts in atrial fibrillation by ? | [
"Increasing AV node refractoriness",
"Decreasing atrial contractility",
"Inhibiting Na+ K+ ATPase pump",
"Inhibiting Na+ H+ ATPase pump"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Increase in A.V. node refractoriness Digitalis in arrhvthma o Digitalis is the drug of choice for controlling ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation (AF) with hea failure. o Digitalis reduces the ventricular rate in AF by decreasing the number of impulses that are able to pass down the A-V node and b... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cat acts as a reservoir in which of the following? | [
"Rabies",
"Toxoplasma gondii",
"Streptocerca infection",
"Plague"
] | B | “Toxoplasma gondii is a coccidian protozoa of worldwide distribution that infects a wide range of animals and birds but does not appear to cause disease in them.
The normal final hosts are strictly the cat and its relatives in the family Felidae, the only hosts in which the oocyst-producing sexual stage of Toxoplasma c... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Palsy of right genioglossus causes: | [
"Deviation of tongue to the right",
"Deviation of tongue to left",
"Deviation of soft palate to right",
"Deviation of soft palate to left"
] | A | Genioglossus muscle moves the tongue anterior, inferior and medial (AIM).
Bilateral contraction of genioglossus help in protrusion and depression of tongue in midline, since the vector of medial pull is balanced and cancelled.
Palsy of right genioglossus muscle deviates the tongue to the right side, due to unopposed me... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Red flag sign in child development if not attained ? | [
"Vocalization at 2 months",
"Walking at 12 months",
"Single word at 12 months",
"Standing alone at 16 month"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Standing alone at l6 month Red flag sign of child developmentMilestoneAgeNo visual fixation or following by2 monthsNo vocalisation6 monthsNot siting without suppo9-10 monthsNot standing alone16 monthsNot walking alone18 monthsNot single word18 monthsLack of imaginative play3 years | train | med_mcqa | null |
Type I Collagen is not present in: | [
"Bone",
"Hyaline Cartilage",
"Ligament",
"Aponeurosis"
] | B | Ans. B. Hyaline cartilageType I collagen is present in noncartilaginous tissues like bone, tendon, aponeurosis etcBut Type II collagen is present in Cartilage & Vitreous humour | train | med_mcqa | null |
Color of postmoem lividity in hypothermic deaths: NEET 13 | [
"Purple",
"Deep red",
"Cherry red",
"Bright pink"
] | D | Ans. Bright pink | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 32 year old male, Kallu, who recently visited a sea coast presented with ulcer over the left leg. The probable cause is - | [
"Pasturella multocida",
"Micrococcus halophillus",
"Vibrio vulnificus",
"Neisseria gonorrhea"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Vibrio vulnificus | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following statements about High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) is false: | [
"HDL increases oxidation of LDL",
"HDL reduces foam cell production by LDL",
"HDL is the best predictor of CAD",
"HDL helps to clear lipids from atheromas"
] | A | HDL prevent oxidation of LDL in complex in vitro models as a result HDL function as a naturally acting antioxidant which protect vessel wall from oxidative damage and resulting atherogenesis. Ref: Current Pharmaceutical Design, Page 6. | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are fetal membranes EXCEPT : | [
"Chorion",
"Amnion",
"Decidua capsularis",
"Yolk sac"
] | D | Yolk sac | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are the components of the white pulp of spleen, except | [
"Periaeriolar lymphoid sheath",
"B cells",
"Antigen presenting cells",
"Vascular sinus"
] | D | The spleen contains two main types of tissue - white pulp and red pulp. White pulp is lymphatic tissue (material which is pa of the immune system) mainly made up of white blood cells. Red pulp is made up of blood-filled cavities (venous sinuses) and splenic cords. <img src=" /> Ref - BDC 6e vol2 pg297 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Minimum time for the diagnosis for manic illness is? | [
"1 week",
"2 week",
"3 week",
"4 week"
] | A | 1 week REF: Kaplan & Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry: Behavioral Sciences/Clinical Psychiatry, 10th Edition, American Psychiatric Association, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th editionTime frame of mood disorders:ConditionMinimum timeMajor depressive episode2 weeksMajor depressive disorder, Rec... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 40-year-old man presents with a 2-week history of recur- rent oral ulcers, genital ulcers, intermittent arthritic pain of the knees, and abdominal pain. Physical examination reveals shallow ulcerations of the mucosa of the glans penis, as well as oral aphthous ulcers and conjunctivitis. Which of the following is the ... | [
"Behyet disease",
"Genital herpes",
"Gonorrhea",
"Polyarteritis nodosa"
] | A | Behget disease is a systemic vasculitis characterized by oral aphthous ulcers, genital ulceration, and ocular inflammation, with occasional involvement of the nervous, gastrointestinal, and cardiovascular systems. The mucocutaneous lesions show a non-specific vasculitis of arterioles, capillaries, and venules. The caus... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 27 year old nurse had extracurricular interests in trekking and painting. She broke up relationship with her boyfriend. Two months later she lost interest in her hobbies and was convinced that she would not be able to work again. She thought life was not woh living and consumed 60 tablets of phenobarbitone to end her... | [
"Adjustment disorder",
"Acute stress disorder",
"Depressive disorder",
"Post traumatic stress disorder"
] | C | This question has been answered wrongly by most of the guides. Please remember few basic things about adjustment disorder and depression. Adjustment disorder is always seen after a stressful event, which is usually a negative life event. The symptoms of adjustment disorder are quite similar to depression and include de... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hormones which act on intracellular receptors both initially in the cytoplasm and ultimately on nuclear receptors are categorized under: | [
"Group I hormones",
"Group II hormones",
"Group III hormones",
"Group IV hormones"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Conditions associated with incoagulable state are | [
"Abruption placentae",
"Acute promyelocytic leukaemia",
"Severe falciparum malaria",
"Heparin overdose"
] | A | All the above four options is answer Ref Robbins 7/e p657; 9/e p664-665 severe falciparum malaria: The incidence and progression of coagulation abnormalities were studied in 52 patients with acute falciparum malaria. The patients were prospectively divided into 3 groups; severe (parasitaemia greater than or equal to 5%... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 20-year-old male patient presented with acute pain in the left hip region and inability to bear weight on left hip region. On examination, deformity of left lower limb was noticed. The lower limb was in slight flexion, adduction, and internal rotation. The patient gave a history of road accident while he was driving ... | [
"<img style=\"max-width: 100%\" src=\" />",
"<img style=\"max-width: 100%\" src=\" />",
"<img style=\"max-width: 100%\" src=\" />",
"All of the above"
] | A | THIS IS A CLASSICAL CASE OF POSTERIOR FEMUR DISLOCATION DUE TO DASHBOARD INJURY. IMAGE A DENOTES POSTERIOR HIP DISLOCATION. IMAGE B DENOTES ANTERIOR HIP DISLOCATION. IMAGE C DENOTES CENTRAL HIP DISLOCATION. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A standing person lies down. Which of the following physiological change occurs immediately? (D. REPEAT Feb 2014) | [
"Increased heart rate",
"Decreased blood flow to the apices of the lung",
"Immediate increase in venous return",
"Increase in blood pressure"
] | C | Ans: C (Immediate increase in venous return) Ref: Guyton 12th edition and A Textbook of Practical Physiology By C. L. Ghai, pg 243ExplanationStanding to Lying PositionDecreased peripheral vascular resistance.Increased venous return to heart.Rise in HR followed by slowing of heart.The rise and fall in HR is due to chang... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Prevalence of cataract at one point of time can be determined by - | [
"Longitudinal study",
"Cross sectional study",
"Surveillance",
"Coho study"
] | B | Cross-sectional study provides information about disease prevalence but it provides very little information about the natural history of disease or rate of occurrence of new cases (refer park pgno:69 23 rd edition) | train | med_mcqa | null |
A phenotypically normal woman underwent a karyotype analysis for difficulties in conceiving. She was found to contain three Barr bodies, but no translocations or large deletions. Her karyotype would be best represented by which one of the following? | [
"48 XXXXY",
"46 XX",
"48 XXXX",
"48 XXXY"
] | C | If the woman is expressing three Barr bodies, then she has four X chromosomes per cell, three of which have been inactivated. This would give her a total of 48 chromosomes, and four of those would be X chromosomes, for a karyotype of 48 XXXX. Any karyotype with a Y chromosome would be a male. | train | med_mcqa | null |
In DIC, which is/are seen -a) Normal APTTb) Increased PTc) Increased factor VIII d) Decreased fibrinogene) Decreased platelets | [
"abc",
"ade",
"ace",
"bde"
] | D | Laboratory fmdings in DIC :
Low platelet count.
Blood film shows microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia. There is presence of fragmented R.B.C. due to damage caused by trapping and passage through fibrin thrombi.
PT, thrombin time, and Activated Partial thromboplastin time all are prolonged.
Plasma fibrinogen le... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Posterior cord of brachial plexus is formed by | [
"Ventral division of upper trunk",
"Dorsal division of upper trunk",
"Ventral division of upper, middle and lower trunk",
"Dorsal division of upper, middle and lower trunk"
] | D | Cords of brachial plexus are formed by : (i) The lateral cord - It is formed by the union of the ventral divisions of the upper and middle trunks. (ii) The medial cord - It is formed by the ventral division of the lower trunk. (iii) The posterior cord -It is formed by union of the dorsal divisions of all the three trun... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The health indicator obtained by dividing height by cube root of weight is - | [
"Quetelet's index",
"Brocca index",
"Corpulence index",
"Ponderal index"
] | D | <p> Health indicators to assess obesity:- 1. Body mass index(Quetelet&;s index): weight(kg) by height square (metre sq). 2. Ponderal Index: Height(cm) by cube root of weight(kg). 3. Brocca Index: Height(cm) minus 100. 4. Lorentz&;s formula 5. Corpulence index: Actual weight by desirable weight. Body mass index and Broc... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Size of resting follicle : | [
"0.2 mm",
"0.02 mm",
"2 mm",
"20 mm"
] | B | Size of resting follicle -0.02 mm Size of follicle just before ovulation -20 mm. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Carcinoma cervix is caused by : | [
"Herpes simplex type I",
"Papova virus",
"Ebstein virus",
"Adeno virus"
] | B | Papova virus | train | med_mcqa | null |
In which one of the following head and neck cancer, perineural invasion is most commonly seen: | [
"Adenocarcinoma",
"Adenoid cystic carcinoma",
"Basal cell carcinoma",
"Squamous cell carcinoma"
] | B | Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma (Cylindroma) Most common malignant tumor of submandibular glands. Most common minor salivary glands tumour. Most common site minor salivary gland. Characterized by its tendency to invade perineural space and lymphatics and thus causes pain (which may be a prominent and early syniptom) and VII n... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Amyl nitrate is used as an antidote in which poisoning? | [
"Arsenic poisoning",
"Hydrocyanide poisoning",
"Lead poisoning",
"Yellow poisoning"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Hydrocyanide poisoning * Amyl nitrite is used as an antidote in poisoning of hydrocyanic acid (cyanide).* Nitrates generate methaemoglobin which has high affinity for cyanide and forms cyanmethaemoglobin.* Cyanmethaemoglobin may again dissociate to release cyanide, therefore, sodium thiosulfate is giv... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Treatment of choice for old non-united fracture of shaft of femur - | [
"Compression plating",
"Bone grafting",
"Nailing",
"Compression plating with bone grafting"
] | D | Treatment options for femoral shaft non-union are : -
Intramedullar interlock nailing with bone grafting (preferred).
K-nail with bone grafting.
Plating with bone grafting. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Reversal of lead foil on X-ray film may appear as: | [
"Herring bone",
"Embossed tram track pattern",
"Both 1 and 2",
"None"
] | C | Reversal of lead foil on X-ray film: Herring bone / Embossed tram track pattern. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A neonate has distended abdomen and failed to pass meconium, which of the following causes can be ruled out? | [
"Intestinal mabotation",
"Meckel's diverticulum",
"Hirschsprung disease",
"Distal intestinal atresia"
] | B | Meckel's diverticulum usually do not present with intestinal obstruction. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following does not secrete interleukin 1 alpha | [
"Lymphocyte",
"Monocyte",
"Macrophage",
"Neutrophil"
] | A | Interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1a) also known as hematopoietin 1 is a cytokine of the interleukin 1 family that in humans is encoded by the IL1A gene | train | med_mcqa | null |
The parasympathetic supply to otic ganglion comes from: (Repeat) | [
"7th cranial nerve",
"8th cranial nerve",
"9th cranial nerve",
"3rd cranial nerve"
] | C | Ans: C (9th cranial nerve) Ref: Gray Is Anatomy. 40th edition, pg. 495Explanation:Pharyngeal Arches and Their DerivativesArchnumberArch nameEmbryoniccartilageCartilage derivativeMuscleNerveArterylMandibularQuadrateMeckel's* Incus* Malleus* Anterior ligament of malleus* Spine of sphenoid* Sphenomnndibular ligament* Geni... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True regarding DDT is: September 2007 | [
"Synthetic insecticide",
"Natural insecticide",
"Organophosphate insecticide",
"No incidence of resistance"
] | A | Ans. A: Synthetic insecticide DDT is an organochlorine, similar in structure to the insecticide methoxychlor and the acaricide dicofol. It is a highly hydrophobic, colorless, crystalline solid with a weak, chemical odor. It is nearly insoluble in water but has a good solubility in most organic solvents, fats, and oils.... | train | med_mcqa | null |
'Le Facie sympathique' indicates: | [
"Antemortem hanging",
"Suicidal hanging",
"Homicidal Hanging",
"Postmortem hanging"
] | A | Ans. A. Antemortem hanging . (Ref. FMT by Dr KS Narayan Reddy 29th/pg. 306)Reddy 29th/pg. 306........."When suspension is complete Or in the standing posture, asphyxial signs are slight, petechial h'ges are uncommon, neck is strtched and elongated and head is always inclined to the side opposite to the side of knot. Th... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All pass through deep inguinal ring, except: | [
"Spermatic cord",
"Internal spermatic fascia",
"Round ligament",
"Ilio inguinal nerve"
] | D | Ilio inguinal nerve | train | med_mcqa | null |
A child with kinky hair, intellectual disability, seizures. What is the diagnosis? | [
"Down's syndrome",
"Menke's disease",
"Iron deficiency anemia",
"Lesch Nyhan syndrome"
] | B | Ans. B. Menke's DiseaseMenke's (Kinky or Steely) Hair SyndromeMutation in ATP7A geneX-linked recessive conditionDefective Copper binding P type ATPaseCopper is not mobilised from Intestine.Deficiency of Xanthine oxidase. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The compression fracture is commonest in which pa of veebrae ? | [
"Cervical spine",
"Upper thoracic spine",
"Lower thoracic spine",
"Lumbosacral region"
] | C | *Lower cervical and lower thorasic (dorsal) spine are the most common sites for veical compression. "In axial load injuries, the most common site of trauma is at the thoracolumbar junction". ref : maheswari 9th ed | train | med_mcqa | null |
Treatment of stage II carcinoma anal canal: | [
"APR",
"APR followed by chemoradiation",
"Concurrent chemoradiation",
"Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by Surgery"
] | C | Anal Canal Carcinoma- - NIGRO regimen - Chemotherapy followed by radiation * 5- fluorouracil + Mitomycin-C followed by radiation | train | med_mcqa | null |
An i.v. bolus dose of thiopentone leads to loss of consciousness within 10-15 sec. The patient regains consciousness in just a few minutes. This is because it is: | [
"Renally excreted",
"Exhaled rapidly",
"Rapidly metabolised by hepatic enzymes",
"Redistributed from brain to other body tissues"
] | D | (Ref: KDT 6/e p374) Thiopentone and other highly lipid soluble agent first reach the highly perfused organs like brain. therefore, onset of action of these agents is very quick. However, action also terminates quickly because of redistribution to less well perfused tissues like fat and muscle. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Commonest complication following haemorrhoidectomy is: | [
"Hemorrhage",
"Infection",
"Fecal impaction",
"Urinary retention"
] | D | Complications of Hemorrhoidectomy Early complications Late complications Pain (MC) Acute retention of urine (2nd MC) Reactionary hemorrhage Secondary hemorrhage Anal stricture Anal fissure Incontinence | train | med_mcqa | null |
Angle between nasal septum and lower border of upper lateral cailage is ____ | [
"40 0",
"60 0",
"500",
"15 0"
] | D | - Angle between the nasal septum and lower border of upper lateral cailage is generally > 10-15deg The internal nasal valve, in normal development, is thenarrowest poion of the nasal cavity and is bounded bythe septum medially, caudal edge of the upper lateral cailage and head of the inferior turbinate laterally and na... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true about spasmodic dysmenorrhea EXCEPT: | [
"Present just before menstruation",
"Present after day of menstrual period",
"The pain may persist for 12 to 24 hours",
"Dyspareunia"
] | A | Present just before menstruation | train | med_mcqa | null |
Regarding Hanup disease, all are true except | [
"Associated with photosensitivity",
"Mental retardation",
"Mostly retardation",
"Mostly asymptomatic"
] | D | Hanup disease is a rare genetic condition in which there is a defect of the membrane transpo mechanism for tryptophan, resulting in large losses as a result of intestinal malabsorption and failure of renal reabsorptionHanup disease reflectsImpaired intestinal and renal transpo of tryptophan and other neutral amino acid... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True statement about Infraglottic carcinoma of larynx is | [
"Commonly spreads to mediastinal nodes",
"Second most common carcinoma",
"Most common carcinoma",
"Spreads to submental nodes"
] | A | Subglottic cancer is the rarest of laryngeal cancer. Earliest presentation is a globus or foreign body sensation in throat followed by stridor or laryngeal obstruction. Hoarseness is a late feature and occurs due to involvement of glottis or recurrent laryngeal nerve. Lymphatic spread occurs to prelaryngeal, pretrachea... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Urine bags and catheters biomedical waste will be disposed in | [
"Yellow bag",
"Red bag",
"White container",
"Blue bag"
] | B | Red Category Contain Contaminated, recyclable waste ; plastic /rubber waste . Disposal method - Autoclaving, Micro waving, hydroclaving, F/b destruction & shredding. Final mechanism of Disposal - Road making. - Extra Edge: Plastic covers which are used to pack foley's catheter etc are not considered as biomedical waste... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The aerial supply of duodenum is / are derived from ? | [
"celiac trunk and inferior mesenteric aery",
"superior mesenteric aery and inferior mesenteric aery",
"celiac trunk and superior mesenteric aery",
"coeliac trunk only"
] | B | The duodenum develops paly from the foregut and paly from the midgut. The opening of the bile duct into the second pa of the duodenum represents the junction of the foregut and the midgut. Upto the level of the opening, the duodenum is supplied by the superior pancreaticoduodenal aery, and below it by the inferior panc... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Eruption of temporary teeth will be completed by : | [
"One to one and half year",
"Two to two and half year",
"Three to four years",
"Four to five years"
] | B | B i.e. 2-21/2 years | train | med_mcqa | null |
Main cytokine in ENL reaction: | [
"TNF-a",
"IL-2",
"IFN",
"IL-12"
] | A | Main cytokine in ENL reaction is TNF-a. | train | med_mcqa | null |
In a multilayered wound, the deep layer is sutured by chromic gut. This is done because chromic gut sutures have: | [
"Increased strength",
"Increased ease of use",
"Delayed resorption",
"Less tissue irritation"
] | C | This is a direct pick from one of the question banks and hence the answer given there must be followed. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common cause of Non-gonococcal urethritis is | [
"Meningococci",
"Escherichia coli",
"Chlamydia trachomatis",
"Mycoplasma"
] | C | The most common cause of non-gonococcal urethritis is C.trachomatis. Other common organisms are ureaplasma ureolyticum and Mycoplasma hominis. Ref: Ananthanarayan and Paniker&;s Textbook of Microbiology, 9th edition; pg no: 234 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not a sign of Right atrial enlargement: | [
"Prominent right heart border with increased convexity (PA view)",
"Prominent anterosuperior part of cardiac shadow (lateral view)",
"Obliteration of retrosternal clear space (Lateral view)",
"Haffman-Rigler Sign (Lateral view)"
] | D | Haffman-Rigler sign - Horizontal distance of greater than 1.8cm between posterior aspect of IVC and Posterior border of heart - Sign of Left Ventricular enlargement. | train | med_mcqa | null |
lrregular shsdding ot the endomgtrlum occura due to : | [
"Epithelium being immalure",
"lt does nol show the decidus - like oedema ot the secretory phase",
"Regression of the corpus luteum tunction",
"Over activily ot the corpus luteum function"
] | D | Over activily ot the corpus luteum function | train | med_mcqa | null |
ICG angiography is primarily indicated in | [
"Minimal classical CNV",
"Occult CNV",
"Angioid streaks with CNV",
"Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy"
] | B | We recommend ICG with some enthusiasm for identifying feeder vessels in age-related macular degeneration, choroidal neovascular membranes, chronic central serous retinopathy, multiple evanescent white dot syndrome, vasculitis, acute multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome Ref ganong's r... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Neurotropic fungus is - | [
"Trichophyton",
"Microsporum",
"Cryptococcus",
"Sporothrix schenckii"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Cryptococcus "Cryptococcus is a unique fungus that has a neurotrophic behaviour and often causes CNS disease".* Important Neurotrophic fungi are:i) Cryptococcus neoformisii) Histoplasmaiii) Candidaiv) Aspergillusv) Cladophialophora bantiana | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are first generation cephalosporins except : | [
"Cefadroxil",
"Cefazolin",
"Cephalexin",
"Cefaclor"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The cyst which arises from the remnants of mesonephric duct and is seen in the vaginal wall is: | [
"Baholin's cyst",
"Inclusion cyst",
"Endometriotic cyst",
"Ganer's duct cyst"
] | D | Ganer's duct cyst is a benign vaginal cyst that originates from the Ganer's duct, which is a vestigial remnant of the mesonephric duct (wolffian duct) in females. Treatment is simple excision. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which Cholesterol ester is maximum in plasma? | [
"HDL",
"LDL",
"VLDL",
"Chylomicron"
] | B | LDL transpos cholesterol from liver to peripheral tissues. The only apoprotein present in LDL is apo B100 (Fig. 12.12). Most of the LDL paicles are derived from VLDL, but a small pa is directly released from liver. The half-life of LDL in blood is about 2 days. Metabolism of LDL and LDL Receptors LDL is taken up by per... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Aorta enters abdomen at the level of:(Please refer Q 9, 2010) | [
"T8",
"T10",
"Til",
"T12"
] | D | Ans: d (T12) Ref: Esophageal opening-TI10, venacaval opening-T8- Chaurasia, 3rd edi., Vol-1, Pg. 161This is a very frequently asked question.AperturesLevelsVenecavalT8EosophagealT10AorticT12Important points regarding aperturesAortic opening is an osseo aponeurotic opening that strictly speaking to lies behind diaphragm... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following hormonal levels influence the development of benign breast disease? | [
"Estrogen",
"Progesterone",
"Lutenizing hormone",
"Testosterone"
] | A | Ans is 'a' i.e., Estrogen & 'b' i.e., Progesterone Benign Breast Disease /Nonproliferative Breast Changes (Fibrocystic Changes)* This group includes common morphologic alterations that are often grouped under the term fibrocystic changes.* To the clinician the term might mean "lumpy bumpy" breasts on palpation; to the ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A male did not have alcohol for 2 days presented with seizures treatment given: AIIMS 13 | [
"Diazepam",
"Phenobarbital",
"Disulfiram",
"Thiamine"
] | A | Ans. Diazepam | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true about para umbilical hernia except | [
"Occurs adjacent to umbilicus",
"Can lead to Richter's hernia",
"High chances of strangulation",
"Conservative management"
] | D | All paraumbillical hernias should be treated surgically (open or laparoscopic). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Otitic Barotrauma occurs while ? | [
"Ascending in Aircraft",
"When ambient pressure is decreasing",
"Underwater diving",
"All of the above"
] | C | Ans. is `c' i.e., Underwater diving Otitic Barotrauma This condition is seen when the ambient pressure is rising, e.g. in scuba diving (underwater diving), descending in an aircraft, or compression in pressure chamber. It occurs due to pressure differences between the inside and outside of the eardrum. Clinical feature... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 42 year old patient developed acute attack of Asthma. After the management of the acute attack, the patient was referred to the OPD for follow up. Which of the following is not a recommended prophylactic strategy for this patient? | [
"Inhibition of phospholipase A2",
"Blockade of leukotriene receptors",
"Avoidance of antigen exposure",
"Blockade of histamine receptors"
] | D | Histamine alone does not play a significant role in asthma, and antihistaminic drugs are of very little value or of no use. Antigen avoidance is necessary as it is cause of the disease. Montelukast or zafirlukast block the receptors of leukotrienes, which are potent bronchoconstrictors. Phospholipase A2 causes formatio... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In case of Pan facial fracture that fracture involving all 3 facial halves: | [
"Mandibular fracture should be reduced first.",
"Outer framework should be established first.",
"Palatal fracture should be reduced first.",
"Any of the above."
] | C | Palatal # treated or Reduced First
Outer Framework should be established first
Any Bone can be plated first but lefort I should be plated last | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true about Thoraco-lumbar fascia except- | [
"Attachment to the body of lumbar vertebra",
"Origin to the transversus and internal oblique muscles",
"Lumbar part situated in the interval between the iliac crest and the 12th rib",
"Attachment to the transverse process of lumbar vertebra"
] | A | Thoracolumbar fascia
- Lumbar part extends between the 12th rib and iliac crest.
- It has 3 layers
Anterior layer-
Attachment- Anterior surface of the transverse process of lumbar vertebrae
Position- anterior to quadratus lumborum
Middle layer
Attachment- the Transverse process of lumbar vertebrae
Pos... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following statements is true regarding Arbo viruses - | [
"Yellow fever is endemic in India",
"Dengue virus has only one serotype",
"Kyasanur Forest disease (KFD) is transmitted by ticks",
"Mosquito of culex visnoi-complex is the vector of Dengue fever"
] | C | KFD is a tick-borne group disease of arbovirus It is a viral hemorrhagic Fever in south India REF:ANANTHANARYANAN TEXTBOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9EDITION PGNO.523 | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following drugs are used in treatment of dementia except? | [
"Memantine",
"Duloxetine",
"Galantamine",
"Donepezil"
] | B | Ans. B. DuloxetineManagement of patient with Dementia:Mini Mental status examination (MMSE)- score of <24 suggestive of dementia* Treat the cause* CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS: FDA for treatment of AD cholinesterase inhibitors: Tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine. Reversible inhibitors of enzyme acetylcholin... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Floccilations are seen in? | [
"Mania",
"Depression",
"Anxiety disorders",
"Delirium"
] | D | ANSWER: (D) DeliriumREF: Kaplan and saddok's p: 26Aimless picking of bed clothes or clothing is known as floccillations. It is seen in dementia and delirium. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sta codon is: | [
"UAA",
"UAG",
"UGA",
"AUG"
] | D | AUG : Sta Codon - Methionine First Amino acids in protein: Methionine (Eukaryotes) Formyl Methionine (Prokaryotes) Other three are stop codons: UAA, UAG, UGA | train | med_mcqa | null |
Nieman pick disease is due to deficiency of | [
"Sphingomyelinase",
"Ceramidase",
"Galactosidase",
"Glucosidase"
] | A | Some examples of sphingolipidoses Disease :Niemann-Pick disease Enzyme deficiency: Sphingomyelinase Lipid accumulating Sphingomyelin Clinical symptoms: Enlarged liver and spleen, mental.Ref: Textbook of Medical Biochemistry, Eighth Edition, Dr (Brig) MN Chatterjea, page no: 63 Table 4.2: | train | med_mcqa | null |
During development spleen lobulation is related to ? | [
"Lateral",
"Superior",
"Inferior",
"None"
] | B | Spleen develops as a collection of mesenchymal cells in the dorsal mesogastrium.Initially the splenic tissue is arranges as a number of lobules which later join together to form a single spleen. The notches in the superior border of adult spleen are representatives of growth that separated the lobules during fetal peri... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In cases of hypergonadotropic hypogonadism in males- | [
"FSH will be normal",
"FSH is elevated",
"Testosterone is elevated",
"None of the above"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., FSH is elevated * A very high FSH would indicate a testicular cause, (hypergonadotropic hypogonadism)* A very low FSH would indicate pretesticular (hypothalamic/pituitary) cause.* A normal FSH would indicate a posttesticular cause. | train | med_mcqa | null |
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