question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low doses of aspirin therapy is essentially advised for all of the following conditions except: | [
"SLE",
"IUGR",
"Post myocardinal infarction",
"Pre ecclampsia"
] | A | Answer is A (SLE) Low dose aspirin therapy has definite indication in preecclampsia, IUGR and post MI. There appears no rationale of using low dose aspirin for manifestation of SLE. Neveheless low dose aspirin is of definite benefit in antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. SLE is thus the single best answer of exclusion ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Autism is -a) Neurodevelopmental disorderb) Social and language communication problemc) Metabolic diseased) Mainly due to hypothalamus damage | [
"ac",
"a",
"ad",
"ab"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not a DMARDs in treatment of RA ? | [
"Methotrexate",
"Leflunomide",
"Coicosteroids",
"Penicillamine"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Coicosteroids Disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) Immunosuppresants - Methotrexate, azathioprine, cyclosporine Sul fasal azine Choloroquine or hydroxychloroquine Leflunomide Gold sod. thiomalate, Auranofin Penicillamine Biologic response modifier (BRIM) TNF a - inhibitors Etanercept, Inflix... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following treatment would be least effective for asystole? | [
"External pacemaker",
"Intravenous epinephrine, 10 ml. of 1:10,000",
"Intravenous calcium gluconate, 10 ml. of 10% solution",
"Intravenous atropine, 0.5 mg"
] | C | The recommended treatment for asystole is the administration of atropine. If atropine is unsuccessful epinephrine is given. Ultimately cardiac pacing is necessary if atropine and epinephrine do not establish an adequate hea rate. Calcium has no clear role in treating asystole. Ref: harrisons text book of internal medic... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Tumor arsing from Olfactory nasal mucosa | [
"Nasal glioma",
"Adenoid cystic carcinoma",
"Nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
"Esthesioneuroblastoma"
] | D | Esthesioneuroblastoma (Olfactory Neuroblastoma) Esthesioneuroblastoma is a rare unique tumor of neural crest origin Arises from the basal neural cells of the olfactory mucosa of the cribriform plate, upper nasal wall and superior turbinate. Seen in either sex and most common in 3rd and 4th decade Clinical Features: Pre... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following has lowest filler loading ? | [
"Microfill composite",
"Traditional composite",
"Small particle filled composite",
"Hybrid composite"
] | A | Because small particle filled composite has highest filler loading.
And higher filler loading increases the mechanical property of composite. | train | med_mcqa | null |
In a patch of vitiligo - | [
"Melanin synthesis is inhibited",
"Melanosomes are absent",
"Melanocytes are absent",
"Melanocytes are reduced"
] | C | C. i.e. Melanocytes are absent | train | med_mcqa | null |
Peginesatide is | [
"IL - 11 analogue",
"Erythropoietin receptor agonist",
"G - CSF analogue",
"GM - CSF analogue"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
TDM (Therapeutic Drug Monitoring) is done for all of the following except: | [
"Theophylline",
"Lithium",
"Metformin",
"Phenytoin"
] | C | TDM is done for drugs which have narrow therapeutic index or in cases where effect of drugs cannot be measured clinically. Metformin is a antidiabetic drug whose effect can be monitored using blood sugar levels. | train | med_mcqa | null |
In lobar pneumonia, the presence of fibrinosuppurative exudate with disintegration of red cells is seen in the stage of | [
"congestion",
"red hepatization",
"grey hepatization",
"resolution"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cerebrosides consist mostly of this | [
"Glucose",
"Galactose",
"Fructose",
"Arabinose"
] | B | Both glucocerebrosides and galacto cerebrosides are present however galactocerebrosides are most commonly seen on neural cells and are abundant | train | med_mcqa | null |
Corneal endothelial cell count is measured by ? | [
"Specular microscope",
"Ophthalmoscope",
"Synoptophore",
"Amsler's grid"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Specular microscope Corneal endothelium is examined with specular microscope, which allows a clear morphological study of endothelial cells including photographic documentation. The cell density of endothelium is around 3000 cells/mm2 in young adults, which decreases with advancing age. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Webbing of neck, increased carrying angle, low posterior hair line and sho fouh metacarpal are characteristics of: | [
"Klinefelter syndrome",
"Turner syndrome",
"Cri du chat syndrome",
"Noonan syndrome"
] | B | Answer is B (Turner's Syndrome) : Noonan syndrome presents with most features similar to Turner's Syndrome. Webbing of neck, increased carrying angle, low hair line are present in both Noonan's and Turner's Syndrome but sho fouh metacarpal is characteristic of Turner's Syndrome only. Term Noonan syndrome has been appli... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Postmoem caloricity may be seen in all the following causes of death, except: MP 07; NEET 13 | [
"Septicemia",
"Barbiturates poisoning",
"Strychnine poisoning",
"Tetanus"
] | B | Ans. Barbiturates poisoning | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following pathway is seen in basal cell carcinoma | [
"mTOR",
"Sonic Hedgehog",
"WNT",
"RAS"
] | B | Answer- B. Sonic HedgehogBasal cell carcinomaLocally aggressive tumorAssociated with mutations which activate Hedgehog pathway signalling.Gorlin syndrome is associated with gene PTCH, a tumor suppressor genePTCh is receptor for Sonic hedgehog, which determines polarity during embryonic development.Basal cell carcinoma ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Reynolds number is related to | [
"Laminar flow",
"Ventimask",
"Dissolved oxygen in blood",
"Intraalveolar tension"
] | A | Flow through a tube can be described by the modified Bernoulli Equation, which states: Po = P + 1/2 r*U^2 Where Po is a constant called the "stagnation pressure," P is pressure, r is density, U and is equal to fluid velocity. Pressure does not always decrease in the direction of flow - if one assumes friction is neglig... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Stenosis of aqueduct of sylvius results in? | [
"Enlargement of lateral ventricles",
"Enlargement of fouh ventricles",
"Enlargement of lateral and third ventricles",
"Enlargement of lateral and fouh ventricles"
] | C | Aqueduct of sylvius connects 3rd ventricle to the 4th one. Obstruction to Aqueduct of sylvius Enlargement of 3rd ventricle Dilatation of the ventricle proximal to the obstruction(3rd ventricle) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Transpyloric plane separates ? | [
"Hypogastrium from lumbar region",
"Hypochondrium from lumbar region",
"Iliac fossa from lumbar region",
"Umbilical region from lumbar region"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Hypochondrium from lumbar region | train | med_mcqa | null |
Dose of MgSO4 in asthma is | [
"8 g i.v. over 20 minutes",
"2g infused over 20 minutes",
"2g i.v. over 40 minute",
"6 g i.V. over 40 minutes"
] | B | Bronchodilators Bronchodilator therapy is central to the management of breathlessness. The inhaled route is preferred and a number of different agents delivered by a variety of devices are available. Choice should be informed by patient preference and inhaler assessment. Sho-acting bronchodilators may be used for patie... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 is inhibited by- | [
"Propranolol",
"Diltiazem",
"Sotalol",
"Sodium iodide"
] | A | Ans. is 'a" i.e.. Propranolol THYROID HORMONESo Both thyToxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T4) are iodine containing derivatives of thyronine,o Thyronine is a condensation product of two molecules of amino acid tyrosine.Thyroxine (T4)- 3, 5, 3', 5' - tetraiodothyronineT3- 3, 5, 3' triiodothyTonineo Thyroid hormones are ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Plasma half life of carbimazole is: | [
"4 hours",
"8 hours",
"16 hours",
"24 hours"
] | B | Plasma half life of carbimazole is 6-10 hours. Half life of PTU is 1.5 hrs- very sho acting (REF.Essential of medical pharmacology K D TRIPATHI 6 Edition, Page No - 250) | train | med_mcqa | null |
At what stage the alpha rhythm seen in an EEG? | [
"Awake Agitated, eyes open and mind wandering",
"Awake, at rest, mind wandering and eyes closed",
"Aroused with attention focused on something",
"REM sleep"
] | B | Alpha waves | train | med_mcqa | null |
Best uterine relaxation is seen with: | [
"Chloroform",
"Nitrous oxide",
"Ether",
"Halothane"
] | D | Halothane inhibit intestinal and uterine contractions. This propey is used for facilitating external or internal version during late pregnancy. However it&;s use during labour can prolong delivery bad increase postpaal blood loss. Muscle relaxation is minimal with nitrous oxide. Rest of the drugs donot have uterine con... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Tuberculin test is positive if induration is ? | [
">2min",
">5mm",
">7mm",
">10mrn"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., > 10mm TEST . Skin testing (tuberculin test) is most widely used screening test for M. tuberculosis infection. . There are three main tests currently in use : | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 10-year-old boy presents with torticollis, a tender swelling behind the angle of mandible and fever. He had history of ear discharge for the past 6 years. Examination of the ear showed purulent discharge and granulations in the ear canal. Most probable diagnosis is: | [
"Acute lymphadenitis secondary to otitis externa",
"Masked mastoiditis",
"Bezold abscess",
"Parotitis"
] | C | Purulent ear discharge, granulations in the ear canal, tender swelling between the angle of mandible and mastoid indicates Bezold abscess. Torticollis is due to spasm of sternocleidomastoid muscle. In Bezold abscess, pus bursts through the medial side of the tip of mastoid. There is no ear discharge or granulations in ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The vessel to look for when a maylard incision is given on anterior abdominal wall? | [
"Superficial epigastric aery",
"Inferior epigastric aery",
"Superficial circumflex iliac aery",
"Deep circumflex iliac aery"
] | B | The superficial epigastric, superficial circumflex iliac, and superficial external pudendal aeries arise from the femoral aery just below the inguinalligament within the femoral triangle. These vessels supply the skin and subcutaneous layers of the anterior abdominal wall and mons pubis. Of surgicalimpoance, the superf... | train | med_mcqa | null |
CCEY medium is used for culture of? | [
"C jejuni",
"C difficile",
"Yersinia pestis",
"Actinomycosis"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
If carbamazepine is added to valproate, which side effect of valproate can increase? | [
"Thrombocytopenia",
"Hepatotoxicity",
"Hyperammonemia",
"Pancreatitis"
] | B | Valproate is metabolized by cytochrome P450 and produce a metabolite which is hepatotoxic Carbamazepine is enzyme inducer which cause the induction of its metabolism and produce more metabolite, thus causing hepatotoxicity | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are features if CD4 count drop below 50cells/ mmcubic, except | [
"HIV associated dementia.",
"CMV retinitis.",
"Disseminated mycobacterium avium intracellulare.",
"None."
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
LCAT is involved in | [
"Transpo of dictory cholesterol",
"Transpo of dietory TGs",
"Reverse cholesterol transpo",
"None"
] | C | Cholesterol Pool and Cholesterol MetabolismThe total body cholesterol content varies from 130-150 grams. LDL (low-density lipoprotein) transpos cholesterol from the liver to the peripheral tissues and HDL (high-density lipoprotein) transpos cholesterol from tissues to liver. Cells of extrahepatic tissues take up choles... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Heme is which porphyrin ? | [
"Type I",
"Type II",
"Type III",
"Type IV"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Type III | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about Biliary cystic adenocarcinoma | [
"CT scan is used for diagnosis",
"CA 19-9 is elevated",
"intrahepatic location",
"Extrahepatic location"
] | A | Hepatic cystadenocarcinoma arising from pre-existing cystadenoma with mesenchymal stroma, which occurs only in young females, carries good prognosis resection is the treatment it carries a good prognosis. MRI is diagnostic.
US/CT scan is also helpful. ERCP is done to identify communication with the biliary system usua... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In living persons: 1) Motile sperms are usually seen upto 6 hours 2) Complete sperms are seen upto 26 hours | [
"Both are true",
"Both are false",
"1 is true, 2 is false",
"2 is true, 1 is false"
] | A | In living persons: Motile sperms are usually seen upto 6 hours, rarely upto 12 hours Complete sperms are seen upto 26 hours, occasionally upto 2 - 3 days | train | med_mcqa | null |
The most common cause of sudden arrhythmic | [
"Myocardial infarction",
"Aortic stenosis",
"Dilated cardiomyopathy",
"Electrolyte abnormalities"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sclerotic bodies is seen - | [
"Sporothrix",
"Blastomycosis",
"Chromoblastomycosis",
"Coccidiodes"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Inhibin is secreted by: | [
"Leydig cells",
"Seoli cells",
"Interstitial cells",
"Peg cells"
] | B | TESTIS Parenchymal compament Interstitial compament Seoli cells Germinal epithelium Leydig cells - Form blood-testis barrier - Nourishes developing sperm - Synthesis of Mullerian inhibiting Factor - Secrete inhibin which inhibits FSH Spermatogenesis -Secrete testosterone -Under LH influence testosterone exes negative f... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which cancer has maximum propensity to spread to cervical lymph nodes - | [
"Nasopharyngal carcinoma",
"Carcinoma of hard palate",
"Carcinoma of soft palate",
"Carcinoma of mandible"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Nasopharyngal carcinoma "Nasopharynx is a centrally located structure with extensive submucosal capillary lymphatic plexus. Partly due tc this extensive lymphatic existance, NPC has a propensity of lymph node involvement in its early stages. Clinica, evident cervical lymph adenopathy is seen in more t... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true about gastric carcinoma except: | [
"More in low socioeconomic group",
"Most common at fundus",
"H. pylori infection increases risks",
"Vitamin C protects"
] | B | MC site of carcinoma stomach is antrum not the fundus. | train | med_mcqa | null |
In inflammatory carcinoma breast with metastasis to axilla, treatment of choice: | [
"NACT + MRM + Radiotherapy",
"Radical mastectomy plus chemotherapy",
"Radical mastectomy plus radiotherapy",
"Chemotherapy followed by hormone therapy"
] | A | Hallmark of inflammatory breast Ca is diffuse tumour involvement of dermal lymphatic channel breast & overlying skin, often without an underlying tumour mass. Presents with inflammatory changes like erythema, edema (peau de orange) warmth as a result of lymphatic obstruction. At least 33% skin over breast involved. His... | train | med_mcqa | null |
90% of Brain growth is achieved by the ___________ | [
"2nd year",
"3rd year",
"5th year",
"15th year"
] | B | Total brain volume at age 1 mo is approximately 36% of adult volume but by age 1 yr is approximately 72% (83% by 2 y).90% by 3 years of age. Ref.nelson 20th edition pg 65 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following organs putrefy last in a male? | [
"Uterus",
"Prostate",
"Testes",
"Liver"
] | B | Prostate is the last organ to putrefy in males. In females, non gravid uterus is the last organ to putrefy. Gravid or postpaum uterus putrefies early. The sequence of putrefaction in internal organs: Organs which putrefy early are: Brain Mucosa of trachea and larynx Stomach and intestine Spleen Liver Organs that putref... | train | med_mcqa | null |
100 mg hydrocoisone is equivalent to ? | [
"20 mg methylprednisolone",
"20 mg coisone acetate",
"10 mg dexamethasone",
"10 mg prednisone"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 20 mg methylprednisolone o 20 mg of hydrocoisone (coisol) = 5 mg of prednisolone = 4mg of methylprednisolone or triamcinalone = 0.75 mg of dexamethasone or betamethasone. o Thus, 100 mg of Hydrocoisone (coisol) = 25 mg of prednisolone = 20 mg of methylprednisolone or triamcinolone = 3.75 mg of dexamet... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the hormones is secreted by alpha-cells in the pancreas in response to low blood glucose levels? | [
"Insulin",
"Glucagon",
"Epinephrine",
"Somatostatin"
] | B | Glucagon, is a 29-amino acid polypeptide hormone secreted by the -cells of the islets of Langerhans, which plays an impoant role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis by producing antagonistic effects on insulin action. Glucagon release is inhibited by hyperglycemia (high blood glucose levels) and stimulated by hypo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hysterectomy is indicated in postpaum period for: March 2007 | [
"Twin pregnancy",
"Endometriosis",
"Fibroid uterus",
"PPH not controlled by ligation of internal iliac aery"
] | D | Ans. D: PPH not controlled by ligation of internal iliac Hysterectomy is normally recommended for: Reproductive system cancers (uterine, cervical, ovarian). As a prophylactic treatment for those with either a strong family history of reproductive system cancers. Severe and intractable endometriosis (overgrowth of the u... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mannitol infusion causes increase in | [
"Blood viscosity",
"Osmolarity",
"Intra-ocular tension",
"Intercranial tension"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Omolarity | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pleural pressure at the end of respiration is ? | [
"Zero",
"More negative",
"Positive",
"Less negative"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., More negativeDuring quiet breathing, the intrapleural pressure fluctuates between -3 and -6 mm Hg, depending upon the phase of respiration, more negative at the end of inspiration and less negative during expiration.Intrapleural pressure (Pleural pressure)It is the pressure between two pleural surface... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All right sided events tend to increase with inspiration except: | [
"Pulmonary ejection click",
"Tricuspid stenosis",
"Tricuspid regurgitation",
"Pulmonic regurgitation"
] | A | All right sided events increase with inspiration except pulmonic ejection click of pulmonic stenosis Left sided events reduce with inspiration. Normal person -On deep inspiration -More negative pressure is created -More blood is sucked into right side of hea-Louder murmurs. Pulmonary stenosis- Hyperophy of RV-On inspir... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 45-year-old female came with neck pain and stiffness since 3 months. Diagnosed as shown below. All are operative treatment of the condition, except? | [
"Interveebral disc replacement",
"Anterior discectomy and fusion",
"Laminaforaminotomy",
"Posterior decompression"
] | D | Cervical spondylosis. C5-C6 level most frequently involved, followed by C6-C7 Surgical Procedures for Cervical spondylosis: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF)--Removal of herniated disc with excision of associated osteophytes followed by graft fusion with or without instrumentation Anterior cervical corpect... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Flapping tremors are seen in all EXCEPT: | [
"Hepatic encephalopathy",
"Uremia",
"Thyrotoxicosis",
"Co, narcosis"
] | C | Thyrotoxicosis REF: Harrison's 17ed p chapter 295, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asterixis Asterixis (also called the flapping tremor, or liver flap) is a tremor of the wrist when the wrist is extended (dorsiflexion), sometimes said to resemble a bird flapping its wings. Usually there are brief, arrhythmic interruptions... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A drug that blocks the uptake of dopamine and norephinephrine into presynaptic Nerve terminals and also block sodium channels in the axonal membrane is | [
"Cocaine",
"Ephedrine",
"Imipramine",
"Floxentine"
] | A | Ref-KDT 6/e p117 It is a local anaesthetic agent(act by inhibiting Na+ channel in the axonal membrane) that also possess indirect sympathomemtic activity | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 18-year old Rohith was complaining of severe weakness, dizziness, and sleepiness during the preceding 4 weeks. In a previous episode 3 weeks earlier, he had drowsiness and generalized tiredness. Upon questioning, he repoed unquenchable thirst, and the repeated need to urinate.he had lost 4kg of weight. Laboratory, on... | [
"Increased glucose uptake",
"Increased lipolysis",
"Decreased hepatic glucose output",
"Decreased protein catabolism"
] | B | The following clinical picture most probably suggests diagnosis of Type-1 Diabetes. In Diabetes body is in catabolic situation. Catabolic pathways are increased and anabolic pathways are decreased So,there is increased lipolysis,increased protein catabolism,increased hepatic glucose output due to gluconeogenesis. Due t... | train | med_mcqa | null |
HIV pt with malabsotion, fever, chronic diarrhoea, with acid fast positive organism. What is the causative agent? | [
"Giardia",
"Microsporidia",
"Isospora",
"E. Histolytica"
] | C | Isospora belli It is an oppounistic parasite Infection is usually asymptomatic. Clinical illness including abdominal discomfo,mild fever and diarrhoea develops a week after exposure. The illness is usually selflimited but protracted diarrhoea, lasting for several years, can be produced in immunocompromised persons, pai... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Tibialis posterior is inseed in all the tarsal bones, except? | [
"Calcaneus",
"Intermediate cuneiform",
"Cuboid",
"Talus"
] | D | Talus | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common elbow injury in adolescents is : | [
"Dislocation",
"Physeal injury",
"Supracondylar fracture",
"Olecranon fracture"
] | C | C i.e. Supracondylar fracture Supracondylar fracture of humerus are the most common type of elbow injury in children and adolscentsQ. They account for 50 - 70% of all elbow fractures and seen most frequently in children between 3 - 10 years. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 45 years old lady complains of contact bleeding. She has positive pap smear. The next line of management is: | [
"Colposcopy directed biopsy",
"Cone biopsy",
"Repeat pap smear",
"Hysterectomy"
] | A | 45 years old patient presenting with post coital bleeding and positive pap smear raises suspicion of carcinoma cervix / CIN which needs to be confirmed (as pap smear is only a screening procedure).
In the question it is not mentioned whether lesion is visible nor the size of lesion is given so we take it to be invisibl... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vibration white finger: | [
"Consist of Raynaud's phenomenon and loss of sensation",
"Main pathogenic mechanism is severe degeneration of nerves",
"Computer geeks are at risk of developing it",
"Ice provocation test is always reliable in precipitating attacks"
] | A | Vibration white finger (VWF) Episodic appearance of white-finger skin patches (Raynaud's phenomenon) in response to environmental cold. Is accompanied by secondary loss of sensation caused by vascular ischaemia. It can be pa of, but is not synonymous with Hand-arm vibration syndrome. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Megaloblastic anemia is/are not caused by ? | [
"Vitamin B12 deficiency",
"Folic acid deficiency",
"Sodium valproate",
"All"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Sodium valproate Vitamin B12 deficiency, folic acid deficiency and alcohol cause megaloblastic anemia. o Amongst anticonvulsants, phenytoin and phenobarbitone cause megaloblastic anemia (not sodium valproate) o Aplastic anemia does not cause megaloblastic anemia. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A child presents with a white patch over the tonsils, diagnosis is best made by culture in | [
"Loeffler medium",
"LJ medium",
"Blood agar",
"Tellurite medium"
] | D | White patch over the tonsil is suggestive of infection with cCorynebacteriumdiphtheriae. It can be confirmed by culture in Tellurite blood agar. Tellurite inhibits the growth of most other bacteria acting as a selective agent for diphtheria bacilli. Diphtheria bacilli reduce Tellurite to metallic tellurium which incorp... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about plasmodium falciparum is: September 2005 | [
"Preferentially infects old erythrocytes only",
"Schuffner's dots is characteristic",
"Crescentic macrogametocyte",
"Large schizonts"
] | C | Ans. C: Crescentic macrogametocyte Plasmodium falciparum preferentially infects young erythrocytes, but can infect all stages. Schizonts are small, compact and seldom seen in peripheral smear. Macrogametocytes are crescentic with deep blue cytoplasm and compact nucleus. In falciparum malaria, parasitized erythrocytes m... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient suffering from AIDS presents with history of dyspnea and non- productive cough x-ray shows bilateral perihilar opacities without pleural effusion and lymphaden-opathy. Most probable etiological agent is : | [
"Tuberculosis",
"CMV",
"Kaposis sarcoma",
"Pneumocystis carinii"
] | D | D i.e. Pneumocystic carinii | train | med_mcqa | null |
Primary prevention in myocardial infarction are all EXCEPT: | [
"Maintenance of normal body weight",
"Change in life style",
"Change in nutritional habits",
"Screening for hypeension"
] | D | - All screening & diagnostic tests comes under secondary level of prevention. - Hence, Screening for hypeension is a secondary level of prevention. It aims to reduce the prevalence of a disease by shoening its duration. - All other options given protects against development of MI. Hence, primary level of prevention. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Lowest cou to give imprisonment upto 10 years: JIPMER 12 | [
"Chief Judicial Magistrate",
"Additional Session Judge",
"Assistant Session Judge",
"Chief Metropolitan Judge"
] | C | Ans. Assistant Session Judge | train | med_mcqa | null |
True hermaphroditism karyotype: | [
"45X0",
"45X0/46",
"47 XY/47 XX",
"46XX/46XY"
] | D | Ans. d. 46XX/46XYRef: Williams Obstetrics 24th Ed; Page No-148-49GENITAL AMBIGUITY OF THE NEWBORNAmbiguity of the neonatal genitalia results from excessive androgen action in a fetus that was destined to be female or from inadequate androgen representation for one destined to be male.Rarely, genital ambiguity indicates... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Isocapnic exercise is - | [
"Breathing for short duration against resistance",
"Breathing of decreased volume of ventilation",
"Breathing of increased volume of ventilation for long period",
"Breathing of decreased volume for long period"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e.. Breathing of increased volume of ventilation for long period o Specific training of respiratory muscles is generally carried out in one of two ways -Isocapnic hyperpnoea (isocapnic exercise)It requires the individual to breath at an increased volume of ventilation for an extended period.It primarily h... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Arch of aoa is derived from all except | [
"Left horn of aoic sac",
"Left 2nd arch aery",
"Left 4tharch aery",
"Left dorsal aoa"
] | B | Arch of aoa develops from aoic sac, left horn of aoic sac and left 4th arch aery. Ref: Gray's 39e/p-210-220 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Opening of the nasolacrimal duct is in | [
"Inferior meatus",
"Superior meatus",
"Middle meatus",
"Sphenoethmoidal recess"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Inferior meatus Openings in the lateral wall of nasal cavity *Inferior meatus : Nasolacrimal duct*Middle meatus : Anterior ethmoidal sinus*Frontal sinus*Maxillary sinus*Superior meatus : Posterior ethmoidal sinuses*Sphenoethmoidal recess : Sphenoid sinus*Note: that the nasolacrimal duct opens into the ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about proximal fragment in supratrochantric fracture is ? | [
"Flexion",
"Abduction",
"External rotation",
"All the above"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above Deformity in cases of fracture subtrochanteric femur The proximal femur is surrounded by very large and powerful muscles. In the case of a fracture, their spatial arrangement, combined with their origin and inseion, results in a very characteristic deformity. The proximal fragment, as... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common cause of pleural effusion in HIV patients - | [
"Kaposi sarcoma",
"Lymphoma",
"P.carinii",
"Mycobacterium tuberculosis"
] | A | Pleural effusions are seen in 70% of cases of pulmonary Kaposi sarcoma , a fact that is often helpful in the differential diagnosis. Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), also referred to as body cavity lymphoma, presents with lymphomatous pleural, pericardial, and/ or peritoneal effusions in the absence of discrete nodal o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Test to differentiate staphylococci from micrococci: | [
"Catalase test",
"Coagulase test",
"Novobiosin sensitivity",
"Oxidation fermentation"
] | D | Oxidation fermentation REF : ananthanarayana 10th ed | train | med_mcqa | null |
Inhalational agent with lowest blood gas coefficient is: | [
"Isoflurane",
"NO",
"Xenon",
"Enflurane"
] | C | Ans: (c) XenonRef. Stoelting's Pharmacology and Physiology in Anesthetic Practice, 4th edition 4.Blood gas partition coefficient (BG coefficient): It is ratio of solubility of a gas (inhalational agent) in blood and in the air (alveolar air)"Low the BG coefficient = Lesser the solubility of gas in blood = Rapid onset o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are branches of uterine artery except | [
"Spiral artery",
"Radial artery",
"Sampson artery",
"Obturator artery"
] | D | Ans. is d, i.e. Obturator arteryBranches of uterine artery are:To the uterus:* A = Arcuate artery* R = Radial artery* B = Basal artery* S = Spiral arteryTo the cervix* Descending cervical arteryTo the round ligament* Samson artery | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is the first bone to ossify in human body | [
"Mandible",
"Maxilla",
"Clavicle",
"Humerus"
] | C | The mandible is the second bone, next to the clavicle, to ossify in the body. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The most common extracranial solid tumor in pediatric age group is ____: | [
"Juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma",
"Chloroma",
"Retinoblastoma",
"Neuroblastoma"
] | D | Ans. D. Neuroblastoma* Neuroblastoma - is the most common intra-abdominal malignancy and also, the most common extracranial solid tumor in children.* It is an embryonal cancer of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system.* The median age for diagnosis is 22 months and 90% of cases are diagnosed by 5 years of age.* Othe... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Follicles of 0.5 mm size are typically seen in | [
"Pharyngoconjunctival fever",
"Trachoma",
"Drug induced follicular conjunctivitis",
"Ophthalmia neonatorum"
] | B | Ans. B. Trachoma. (Ref: Khurana 3rd Edition page 92.).To diagnose active trachoma (esp Trachomatous inflammation-follicular stage), at least >5 follicles each of >0.5 mm diameter must be present on the upper tarsal conjunctiva.TRACHOMA WHO CLASSIFICATIONTrachoma has always been an important blinding disease under consi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Glucose transpoer in myocyte? | [
"GLUT 1",
"GLUT 2",
"GLUT 3",
"GLUT 4"
] | D | D i.e. GLUT 4 | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 21 year old lady with a history of hypersensitivity to neostigmine is posted for an elective caesarean section under general anesthesia. The best muscle relaxant of choice in this patient should be: | [
"Pancuronium",
"Atracurium",
"Rocuronium",
"Vecuronium"
] | B | B i.e. Atracurium You might be thinking that this Q has never been asked, but think a while and try to understand that around which concept the Q is based. In other words, they are trying to ask that which muscle relaxant will not require reversal? I think now you need no explanation - In pancuronium reversal is often ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cysteine is abundantly found in: | [
"Keratin",
"Chondroitin S04",
"Creatine",
"Spermine"
] | A | Ans: a (Keratin) Ref:Vasudevan, 4th ed, p.178; 5th ed, p. 191Cysteine is found in large quantities in keratin of hair and nails.Products of amino acids:TyrosineThyroid hormonesMelaninCatecholaminesThvptophanSerotoninMelatoninNADNADPArginineNitri oxideGlutamateGABAHistidineHistanineFIGLUOrnithine + methionineSpermineSpe... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Nails are formed in which week of IUL ___________ | [
"0-6 week",
"10-12 week",
"14-18 week",
"20-24 week"
] | B | Around week 11, the nail beds (the layer of cells underneath the fingernails and toe nails) begin to form; then in the second trimester, tiny nails will sprout up. There&;s nothing you can do to speed up, improve or impact the development of your little one&;s skin, hair and nails. Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics,... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All the following take pa in the formation of the wrist joint, except | [
"Scaphoid",
"Triquetrum",
"Distal end of radius",
"Distal end of ulna"
] | D | The radioulnar joint (wrist joint) is a synol,biaxial and ellipsoid joint formed by the aiculation of Distal end of radius Aicular disc of the triangular fibrocailage Scaphoid,lunate and triquetrum Ref: Gray's Anatomy The Anatomical Basics of Clinical Practice 41 e pg 872. | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true about arterial thrombosis except? | [
"Retrograde growth",
"Line of Zahn",
"Complete lumen obstruction",
"White thrombus"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Virulence factors for meningococci ? | [
"Capsule",
"Pili",
"Endotoxin",
"All"
] | D | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Capsule; 'b' i.e., Pili & 'c' i.e., Endotoxin The capsular polysaccharide - It is a major virulence factors - It has antiphagocytic and antibactericidal propeies. - Based on capsular polysaccharide, meningococci have been divided into serogroups. Outer membrane proteins - Pili - Facilitate adhesions -... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hypeension and pulmonary edema associated with scorpion sting is managed by :- | [
"Carvedilol",
"Prazosin",
"Spironolactone",
"Phentolamine"
] | B | Scorpion sting cause excessive stimulation of alpha 1 receptor. Of the above mentioned drug:- Prazosin acts by blocking alpha 1 receptor. Therefore drug of choice for Scorpion sting is Prazosin. Carvedilol : Non selective b antagonist that also blocks alpha adrenoreceptor Spironolactone: Direct antagonist of aldosteron... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 21 years old woman has 3 cm node in the lower deep cervical chain on the left. The biopsy is interpreted as revealing normal thyroid tissue in a lymph node. The most likely diagnosis is | [
"Subacute thyroiditis",
"Papillary carcinoma thyroid",
"Hashimoto's disease",
"Lateral aberrant thyroid"
] | B | . Thyroid tissue present in cervical lymph nodes in the face of a clinically normal thyroid gland is a metastasis from an occult primary thyroid carcinoma Occasionally, a metastatic papillary thyroid cancer manifests as a painless lateral neck mass that is clinically detected before detecting the primary thyroid lesion... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A female comes with normal breast development but a scanty pubic hair is suffering from? | [
"Turner s syndrome",
"Testicular feminizing syndrome",
"Mullerian agenesis",
"Gonadal digenesis"
] | B | ANSWER: (B) Testicular feminizing syndromeREF: Current OB/GYN 10th edition Chapter 5Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS), formerly known as testicular feminization, is an X-linked recessive condition resulting in a failure of normal masculinization of the external genitalia in chromosomally male individuals.Most cases... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is difference between Rheumatoid ahritis and osteoahritis | [
"Osteopytes are seen in osteoahritis",
"Systemic symptoms are seen in osteoahritis",
"Rheumatoid ahritis is uncommon in hands and feet",
"Osteoahritis is an autoimmiune disease"
] | A | Answer- A. Osteopytes are seen in osteoahritisOsteoahritisDegenerative processOsteopytes seenAffects elderlySmall joints of hands and feet affectedESR , CRP usually normal | train | med_mcqa | null |
In calculating Dependency Ratio, the numerator is expressed as | [
"Population under 10 years and 60years above",
"Population under 15 years and 60years above",
"Population under 10 years and 65years above",
"Population under 15 years and 65years above"
] | D | The propoion of persons above 65 years of age and children below 15 years of age are considered to be dependent on the economically productive age group. The ratio of the combined age groups 0-14 years plus 65 years and above to the 15-65 years age group is referred to as the total dependency ratio. Reference : Park&;s... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Crocodile skin apppearance is seen in- | [
"High voltage burns",
"Electric shocks",
"Drowning",
"Mummifications"
] | A | High voltage current may cause burns over a large area of skin (around entery wound) → Crocodile skin lesion. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The following changes occur in urinary system in pregnancy except: | [
"Increased GFR",
"Increased RBF",
"Hypertrophy of bladder musculature",
"Increased activity of ureters"
] | D | As discussed previously, during pregnancy – Glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow increases i.e. option a and b are correct. Amongst option c and d; option d i.e. increased activity of ureters cannot be correct as the main hormone during pregnancy is progesterone which leads to relaxation of the smooth muscle... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hexokinase is a: | [
"Transferase",
"Reductase",
"Oxidoreductase",
"Oxidase"
] | A | Transferase - enzymes catalyze transfer of a particular group (containing C. , N- or P-) from one substrate to another. Whereas, hydrolase bring about hydrolysis by addition of water. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Shoest incubation perion in malaria - | [
"P. vivax",
"P. falciparum",
"P. malariae",
"P. ovale"
] | B | Duration of erythrocytic schizogony 48 hrs- vivax Less than or equal to 48 hrs-falciparum 72 hrs -malariae 48 hrs -ovale (refer pgno:58 baveja 3 rd edition) | train | med_mcqa | null |
"Genital elephantiasis" is caused by | [
"Lymphogranuloma venereum",
"Chancroid",
"Syphilis",
"Rickettsia"
] | A | (Lymphogranuloma venereum) (428-A7th)LYMPHOGRANULOMA - VENEREUM (Lymphogranuloma inguinale, poradenitis, climatic or tropical bubo)- Caused by chlamydia -trachomatis - L2 (Most commonly)- Preferred site - regional lymphnodes- Primary lesions - painless papulovesicular lesion ** on the external genitalia- Women - hemorr... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bad trip is seen with ? | [
"Cocaine",
"Cannabis",
"LSD",
"Heroin"
] | C | Ans. C. LSDAcute panic reaction with loss of control on onself, called Bad trip, is characteristic of LSD or otJrer hallocinogens. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following characteristics is not of much importance in a screening test | [
"Low cost",
"High safety margin",
"High sensitivity",
"High specificity"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e. High specificity All are important attributes of screening test but among them high specificity is less important as Park states - ''Screening test is not intended to be a diagnostic test. It is only an initial examination. Those who are found to have positive test results are referred to a physician f... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug used in aneliorative test for Myasthenia gravis is | [
"Physostigmine",
"Edrophonium",
"Tacrine",
"Pyridostigmine"
] | B | Drug used in amellorative test (tensilon test) for myasthena gavis is edrophonium. It is a cholinergic drug and can be used for diagnosis of myasthenia gravis becaise of its sho duration of action (10-30 min) Ref-KDT 6/e p104 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Gallow's traction for fracture shaft femur is used in which of the following age - | [
"< 2 years",
"3-6 years",
"7-13 years",
"> 13 years"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., < 2 years Fracture shaft femur in infant and voung childreno It is published that upto one half of infants and young children who sustain femur fractures are victims of child abuse and child abuse occurs in 5(1 - 80% of children (< 2 years of age) with femoral fracture.o Other causes of fracture are o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Phlegmonous gastritis occurs in | [
"H.pylori",
"E.coli",
"Drugs",
"Reflux of acid"
] | D | Phlegmonous gastritis( due to reflux of acid) is an uncommon form of gastritis caused by numerous bacterial agents, including streptococci, staphylococci, Proteus species, Clostridium species, and Escherichia coli. Phlegmonous gastritis usually occurs in individuals who are debilitated. It is associated with a recent l... | train | med_mcqa | null |
An adult male patient presented in the OPD with complaints of cough and fever for 3 months and haemoptysis off and on, His sputum was positive for AFB. On probing it was found that he had already received treatment with RHZE for 3 weeks from a nearby hospital and discontinued. How will you categorize and manage the pat... | [
"Category III, sta 2 (RHZ)3",
"Category II, sta 2 (RHZ)3",
"Category I, sta 2 (RHZ)3",
"Category II, sta 2 (RHZ)3"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Category 1, sta 2 (RHZE)3 o WHO defined case as patient whose sputum is positive for tubercle bacilli. o New case - A patient with sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis who has never had treatment for tuberculosis or has taken anti-tuberculosis drugs for than 4 weeks. o In given question patient alre... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sickle cell anemia is the clinical manifestation of homozygous genes for an abnormal haemoglobin molecule. The event responsible for the mutation in the b chain is: | [
"Inseion",
"Deletion",
"Non-disjunction",
"Point mutation"
] | D | - Sickle cell disease is a common hereditary hemoglobinopathy caused by point mutation resulting in replacement of Glutamic acid by Valine at 6th position of b-globin chain. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 25year old male presents with painless sudden loss of vision, ocular and systemic examination is not contributory. What is probable diagnosis | [
"Retinal detachment",
"Eale's disease",
"Glaucoma",
"Cataract"
] | B | Ans is Eale's disease Both Eale's disease and Retinal detachment are causes of painless sudden loss of vision, however Eale's disease is a much more common cause than RD in a young male. Ocular and systemic examinations in both the conditions may be normal.Eale's diseaseIt is a disease of young adult males, who otherwi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common cytochrome associated with metabolism of drugs is ? | [
"CYP3A4/5",
"CYP2D6",
"CYP2C8/9",
"CYP2Cl.9"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., CYP3A4/5 Cyp 3 A 4/5 carryout biotransformation of largest number (nearly 50%) of drugs. | train | med_mcqa | null |
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