question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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Healthy Human volunteers pa of which clinical trial phase? | [
"I",
"II",
"III",
"IV"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., I CLINICAL TRAILS Before a new drug comes to the market, it is extensively tested in animals and invitro studies for safety and efficacy. It the drug is found to be promising in these studies, an application called IND (Investigational New Drug) is filed with United States food and drug administration... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A two-month-old infant is brought to the hospital emergency with marked respiratory distress. On examination, the infant has cyanosis and bilateral crepitations. Hea rate is 180/min, respiratory rate 56/min and the liver span 7.5 cm. The child has had repeated episodes of fever, cough and respiratory distress since the... | [
"Congenital methemoglobinemia",
"Transposition of great aeries",
"Cystic fibrosis",
"Tetralogy of Fallot"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Transposition of great aeries | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is LEAST likely to be accompanied by lymphocytosis in the peripheral blood? (NOT RELATED) | [
"Viral infection",
"Fungal infection",
"Bacterial infection",
"Protozoal infection"
] | C | . | train | med_mcqa | null |
The commor'est cause of hypopyon is: | [
"Moraxella",
"Gonococcus",
"Pneumococcus",
"Staphylococcus"
] | C | Ans. Pneumococcus | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 50 year old woman, Hema has been diagnosed with locally advanced breast cancer and recommended for chemotherapy. She has five years history of myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure. Which antineoplastic drug should be best avoided | [
"Anthracycline",
"Alkylating agent",
"Platinum compound",
"Bisphosphonates"
] | A | Anthracyclines like Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin, Idarubicin and Epirubicin are implicated in causing cardiotoxicity. This adverse effect is due to the generation of iron mediated free radicals. Dexrazoxane is a free radical scavenger that can be used to prevent cardiotoxicity due to anthracyclines. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is a major contraindication to
resection of crestal bone? | [
"Gingival recession",
"Post surgical infection",
"Removal of healthy bone",
"Weakening"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following can be used to treat heroin dependence except: | [
"Disulfiram",
"Buprenorphine",
"Clonidine",
"Lofexidine"
] | A | Ref: Goodman and Gilman 12th/660-661 *Disulfiram is used for alcohol de-addiction and not for opioid. *Methadone or Buprenorphine are used to prevent withdrawal symptoms. *Alpha 2 Agonists like clonidine and lofexidine are used to treat sympathetic withdrawal symptoms of opioid addiction. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The gold standard lab test for diagnosis of paroxysmal nocturnal Hemoglobinuria is | [
"Ham test",
"Nestroft test",
"Sucrose lysis test",
"Flow cytometry"
] | D | Flow cytometry
It is gold standard test for diagnosis of PNW
It shows absence of CD55 and CD59 on RBC | train | med_mcqa | null |
Metastatic calcification is characterized by - | [
"Hypercalcemia",
"Hypocalcemia",
"Eucalcemia",
"None of the above"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hypercalcemia Pathologic calcificationso Dystrophic calcification: Deposition of calcium at sites of cell injury and necrosis.o Metastatic calcification: Deposition of calcium in normal tissues, caused by hypercalcemia (usually a consequence of parathyroid hormone excess) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Colour vision is tested with help of the | [
"Amsler chart",
"Arden gratings",
"Ishihara plates",
"Snellen Chart"
] | C | (C) Ishihara plates # ISHIHARA COLOR TEST is an example of a color perception test for red-green color deficiencies.> It was named after its designer, Dr. Shinobu Ishihara, a professor at the University of Tokyo.> The test consists of a number of colored plates, called Ishihara plates, each of which contains a circle o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Although more than 400 blood groups have been identified, the ABO blood group system remains the most impoant in clinical medicine because: | [
"It was the first blood group system to be discovered",
"It has four different blood groups A,B,AB4O(H)",
"ABO (H) antigens are present in most body tissues and fluids.",
"ABO (H) antibodies are invariably present in plasma when persons RBC lacks the corresponding antigen."
] | D | D i.e. ABO antibodies are invariably present in plasma when person RBC lacks the corresponding antigen | train | med_mcqa | null |
An office clerk badly snubbed by his superior takes it out on his wife and children on reaching home. This is an example of which type of defence mechanism? | [
"Rationalization",
"Compensation",
"Regression",
"Displacement"
] | D | DEFENCE MECHANISMS When an individual is faced with problems, difficulties or failures, he employs ceain ways or devices to achieve health, happiness or success. These are called defence mechanisms. Psychologists have identified a number of such defence mechanisms, which include the following 1. Rationalization: Instea... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In beta oxidation of fatty acids carnitine is required for - | [
"Conversion ofshort chain fatty acids to long chain fatty acids",
"Transport of long chain fatty acid to mitochondrial inner layer",
"Transport of long chain fatty acid to cytoplasm",
"Conversion of long chain fatty acids to short chain fatty acids"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Transport of long chain fatty acid to mitochondrial inner layer o Formation of acyl CoA (activated fatty acid) takes place in the cytosol,o Further degradation occurs in the mitochondrial matrix.o This creates a problem because the inner mitochondral membrane is impermeable to long chain acyl CoA (act... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A bone tumour which is hormone-dependent - | [
"Osteogenic sarcoma",
"Ewing sarcoma",
"Osteoclastoma",
"Fibrous dysplasia"
] | D | Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia is associated with endocrine abnormalities | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient who was recently got denature fixed, found with oral thrush. It bleeds on scraping. Causative agent for this condition. | [
"Diphtheria",
"Candida",
"Strep Mutans",
"Staph Aureus"
] | B | Moniliasis (candidiasis). It is caused by Candida albicans and occurs in two forms: 1. Thrush. It appears as white grey patches on the oral mucosa and tongue. When wiped off, they leave an erythematous mucosa. The condition is seen in infant and children. Adults are also affected when they are suffering from systemic m... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Goldring's criteria is used to diagnose | [
"Quinsy",
"Ludwig's Angina",
"Naropharyngeal carcinoma",
"Chronic Tonsillitis"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The imperfection seen on the lingual flange of a lower denture caused by rapid heating during a curing cycle is called: | [
"Localised shrinkage porosity",
"Gas inclusion porosity",
"Micro-porosity",
"Surface porosity"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Antiemetic used in vomiting induced by anticancer drugs is: | [
"Ondansetron",
"Cisapride",
"Metoclopramide",
"Tritluopromazine"
] | A | Ondansetron | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sphincter of Oddi consists of - | [
"2 sphincters",
"3 sphincters",
"4 sphincters",
"5 sphincters"
] | B | Sphincter of Oddi consists of three sets of sphincters :-
Sphincter choledochus (Sphincters of Boyden).
Sphincter pancreaticus.
Sphincter of Oddi (proper). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Klumpke’s paralysis affect- | [
"C3C6",
"C 6 C7",
"C 8T1",
"C4C5"
] | C | ERB’S PARALYSIS
One region of upper trunk (C# CfQ of the brachial plexus is called Erb's point where six nerves meet,
Injury at this point results in Erb’s paralysis.
The injury is due to undue separation of the head from the shoulder; which may be seen in : -
i. Birth injury
ii. Fall on the shoulder
iii. During A... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which irrigating solution has tissue dissolving properties | [
"EDTA",
"Sodium Hypochlorite",
"Saline",
"Citric Acid"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
In delirium tremens all of the following statements are TRUE, EXCEPT: | [
"Gross tremor",
"Seen in alcoholic withdrawal",
"Fits may occur",
"Clear orientation"
] | D | Delirium tremens is the most serious alcohol withdrawal syndrome which begins 3 to 5 days after cessation of drinking and lasts for up to 72 hours. Patients are usually confused and agitated. Other characteristic features includes fever, sweating, tachycardia, hypeension, and hallucinations. Death can result from conco... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not an anterior relation of second pa of duodenum ? | [
"gallbladder",
"transverse colon",
"transverse mesocolon",
"head of pancreas"
] | D | Anterior Visceral relation of 2nd pa of duodenum: (a) Right lobe of the liver; (b) transverse colon, (c) root of the transverse mesocolon, and (d) small intestine. Ref : B D Chaurasia's Human Anatomy , seventh edition , volume 2 , pg. no., 286. FIG Ref : B D Chaurasia's Human Anatomy , seventh edition , volume 2, Fig. ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A new born developed cleft lip and cleft palate and atrial septal defect. Which of the following drug is likely to be consumed by the mother so as to cause such type of congenital anomalies - | [
"Digoxin",
"Methanol",
"ACE Inhibitors",
"Isotretinoin"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Isotretinoin Isotretinon causes o Craniofacial abnormality o CVS anomaly o CNS anomaly Cleft, lip & palate ASD Neural tube defect Microcephaly Microcephaly | train | med_mcqa | null |
A client is undergoing peritoneal dialysis. The dialysate dwell time is completed, and the dwell clamp is opened to allow the dialysate to drain. The nurse notes that the drainage has stopped and only 500 ml has drained; the amount the dialysate instilled was 1,500 ml. Which of the following interventions would be done... | [
"Change the client’s position.",
"Call the physician",
"Check the catheter for kinks or obstruction.",
"Clamp the catheter and instill more dialysate at the next exchange time"
] | C | The first intervention should be to check for kinks and obstructions because that could be preventing drainage. After checking for kinks, have the client change position to promote drainage. Don’t give the next scheduled exchange until the dialysate is drained because abdominal distention will occur, unless the output ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following fibers reach Purkinje cells directly? | [
"Vestibular nuclei",
"Inferior olivary nucleus",
"Raphe nucleus",
"Locus coeruleus"
] | B | Ans. B. Inferior olivary nucleus* Only fibers reaching Purkinje cells directly in the outer molecular layer are climbing fibers originating from inferior olivary nucleus of medulla oblongata constituting olivocerebellar and para olivocerebellar tract.* Rest all other tracts are called Mossy fibers. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Upward extension of thyroid swelling is PREVENTED by what attatched to thyroid cailage ? | [
"Pre tracheal fascia",
"Ligament of Berry",
"Thyrohyoid membrane",
"Sterno thyroid"
] | A | Pretrachial layer extends inferiorly from the base of the skull posteriorlyand the hyoid bone and thyroid cailage anteriorly and laterally and provide fascial sheaths of varying thickness for the thyroid gland larynx trachea pharynx and esophagus inferiorly it continues into superior mediastinum along the great vessels... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 45-year-old male arrived at the emergency depament with injuries to his left elbow after he fell in a bicycle race. Radiographic and MRI examinations show a fracture of the medial epicondyle and a torn ulnar nerve. Which of the following muscles would be most likely to be paralyzed? | [
"Flexor digitorum superficialis",
"Biceps brachii",
"Brachioradialis",
"Flexor carpi ulnaris"
] | D | Fracture of the medial epicondyle often causes damage to the ulnar nerve due to its position in the groove behind the epicondyle. The ulnar nerve innervates one and a half muscles in the forearm--the flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus. The flexor digitorum superficialis is innerv... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Effect of prolonged oxygen therapy is - | [
"a) Endothelial damage",
"Increased pulmonary compliance",
"Atelectasis",
"Decreased vital capacity"
] | C | More severe problems can include: Lung damage.(Atelectasis) Fluid buildup or bursting (rupture) of the middle ear. Sinus damage. Changes in vision, causing nearsightedness, or myopia. Oxygen poisoning, which can cause lung failure, fluid in the lungs, or seizures Ref Davidson 23rd edition pg 545 | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about membranous GN are following except | [
"Thickening of B.M",
"Deposition between endothelium and B.M.",
"Most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults",
"Seen in SLE, tumors, drugs"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Deposition between endothelium and B.M.Membranous glomerulonephritis o Membranous glomerulonephritis, also known as membranous nephropathy, is a slowly progressive disease of the kidney affecting mostly patients between ages of 30 and 50 years.o Membranous glomerulonephritis is classifiedPrimary (idio... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In varicella infection which is not true- | [
"Scabs are highly infective",
"Caused by herpes virus",
"Transmitted by oro-pharyngeal secretions",
"Vesicles are centripetal in distribution"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Retrobulbar injection is given in | [
"Inside muscle cone",
"Outside muscle cone",
"Subtenon space",
"Subperiosteum"
] | A | (Refer: AK Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmology, 6th edition, pg no. 444) *Retrobulbar injection:- Injection in retrobulbar space inside the muscle cone *Peribulbar injection:- Injection in peribulbar/retrobulbar space outside the muscle cone *Sub-tenon injection:- Injection beneath the tenon capsule, i.e. in subtenon s... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A chronic alcoholic develops palpitations suddenly after an alcohol binge. His pulse is irregularly irregular Which of the following arrhythmia is most commonly associated with alcohol binge in the alcoholics? | [
"Ventricular fibrillations",
"Vetricular premature contractions",
"Atrial flutter",
"Atrial fibrillation"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Derivative of ultimobranchial body | [
"Thyroid",
"Capsule of thyroid",
"Parafollicular 'C' cells",
"2nd branchial pouch"
] | C | PHARYNGEAL POUCH DEVELOPS INTO 1st Tympanic cavity and eustachian tube 2nd Tonsillar epithelium 3rd Ventrally: thymus Dorsally: inferior parathyroid 4th Superior parathyroid 5th Ultimobranchial body The ultimobranchial body will be found attached to pharyngeal pouch 4. It receives some neural crest cells which will for... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Paltauf's hemorrhage may be seen in: | [
"Drowning.",
"Hanging",
"Snake bite",
"Rape"
] | A | Ans. a (Drowning)In drowning, fluid actually penetrates alveolar wall to enter tissues & the blood vessels.The alveolar wall may rupture due to increased pressure during the forced expiration & produce hemorrhage which when presents subpleurally is called Paltauf 's haemorrhage.Paltauf's haemorrhages are shining, pale ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A testicular tumor in a man aged 60 years is ; most likely to be: | [
"Germ cell tumor",
"Seoli cell tumor",
"Teratocarcinoma",
"Lymphoma"
] | D | A testicular mass in a male > 50 yrs should be regarded as lymphoma until proven otherwise. Ref: Harrison's Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 806; Bailey and Love's Sho Practice of Surgery, 23rd Edition, Page 1278. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Latanoprost (PGF2 alfa) is used in: | [
"Maintenance of ductus aeriosus",
"Pulmonary hypeension",
"Gastric mucosal protection",
"Glaucoma"
] | D | Glaucoma REF: Goodman and Gillman's 11TH edition page 1103, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latanoprost "Latanoprost ophthalmic solution is a topical medication used for controlling the progression of glaucoma or ocular hypeension by reducing intraocular pressure. It is a prostaglandin analogue (more specifically an analo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Left sided poal hypeension is best treated by ? | [
"Splenectomy",
"Poocaval shunt",
"Leno-renal shunt",
"Spleno-renal shunt"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e Splenectomy Poal hypeension due to isolated splenic vein thrombosis is k/a left sided poal hypeension. In left sided poal hypeension the pressures in the poal and superior mesenteric veins are normal. There is gastrosplenic venous hypeension leading to formation of gastric varices (not esophageal varice... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ideal time gap between 2 live vaccinations is about | [
"2 weeks",
"4 weeks",
"8 weeks",
"12 weeks"
] | B | (B) 4 weeksGUIDELINES FOR SPACING OF LIVE & INACTIVATED ANTIGENSAntigen CombinationRecommended minimum interval between doses>= InactivatedNone; can be administered simultaneously or at any interval between dosesInactivated & LiveNone; can be administered simultaneously or at any interval between doses>=2 live parenter... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The acid base status of a patient reveals a pH=7.46 and pCO2=30 mm Hg. The patient has a paially compensated primary- | [
"Metabolic acidosis",
"Metabolic alkalosis",
"Respiratory alkalosis",
"Respiratory acidosis"
] | C | Respiratory alkalosis Respiratory alkalosis develops when there is a period of sustained hyperventilation, resulting in a reduction of PCO2 and increase in plasma pH. If the condition is sustained, renal compensation occurs, such that tubular acid secretion is reduced and the plasma bicarbonate falls. Respiratory alkal... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following signs is classic for CT scanning in Graves ophthalmopathy: | [
"Nodular muscle enlargement",
"Solitary muscle enlargement",
"Fusiform muscle enlargement with sparing of tendoms",
"Kinking of extraocular muscles."
] | C | Ans. Fusiform muscle enlargement with sparing of tendoms | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which among the following is the function of ghrelin? | [
"Stimulation of appetite",
"Suppression of appetite",
"Stimulation of sleep",
"Suppression of sleep"
] | A | Ghrelin is a potent secretagogue of pituitary growth hormone (but not adrenocoicotropic hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, or thyroid-stimulating hormone). Ghrelin appears to be an orexigenic regulator of appetite (i.e., when ghrelin is elevated, appetite is stimulated, and when it i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Best indication for ECT is: | [
"Depression with suicidal tendencies",
"Mania",
"Hysteria",
"Schizophrenia"
] | A | A ref: Ahuja, 4th/ep. 71-184 and 5th/e p. 205 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss may occur in | [
"Coronavirus",
"Mumps",
"Peussis",
"Rotavirus"
] | B | Mumps(epidemic parotitis) may result in a profound sensorineural hearing loss (90 dB or more), unilaterally (one ear) or bilaterally (both ears). Coronavirus and Rotavirus are associated with diarrhoea. (Ref: Diseases of EAR, NOSE AND THROAT by PL DHINGRA - 6th Edition, Microbiology - Anantanarayanan) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Kamli Rani 75 yrs old woman present with post myocardial infarction after 6 weeks with mild CHF. There was past WO neck surgery for parathyroid adenoma 5 years ago, EKG shows slow atrial fibrillation. Serum Ca+213.0 mg/L and urinary Ca2+ is 300 mg/ 24 hr. On examination their is small mass in the Para tracheal position... | [
"Repeat neck surgery",
"Treatment with technetium - 99",
"Observation and repeat serum Ca+2 in two months",
"Ultrasound-guided alcohol injection of the mass"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Ultrasounded guided alcohol injection of mass This patient operated previously for parathyroid adenoma, is having recurrent hyperparathyroidism. In the setting of recent myocardial infarction, CHF and atrial fibrillation, any operation carries a high risk. Fuhermore, an operation on a previously opera... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are included in the criteria for systemic inflamatory response syndrome (SIRS), EXCEPT: | [
"Hypothermia",
"Leukopenia",
"Tachycardia",
"Thrombocytopenia"
] | D | Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is defined by two or more of the following: (1) Fever (oral temperature >38degC) or hypothermia (<36degC); (2) Tachypnea (>24 breaths/min); (3) Tachycardia (hea rate >90 beats/min); (4) Leukocytosis (>12,000/uL), leucopenia (<4,000/uL), or >10% bands; Thrombocytopenia is n... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bone graft procedures are most successful in treating: | [
"In furcation involvements",
"Deep, two-wall craters",
"Narrow three-wall defects",
"Osseous defects with one remaining wall"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The major venous return of the hea, the coronary sinus, empties into | [
"IVC",
"Left atrium",
"Right atrium",
"Right ventricle"
] | C | The coronary sinus empties directly into the right atrium (like IVC, SVC) near the conjunction of the posterior interventricular sulcus and the coronary sulcus.Reference: Chaurasia; 6th edition | train | med_mcqa | null |
False about posterior fontanelle: BHU 09 | [
"Helps in estimating time of bih",
"Site for concealed trauma",
"Closes at 16-18 months",
"Formed by parietal and occipital bones"
] | C | Ans. Closes at 16-18 months | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most potent cardiac stimulant among the following is? | [
"Adrenaline",
"Noradrenaline",
"Ephedrine",
"Salbutamol"
] | A | Epinephrine (adrenaline) is an agonist at both a and b receptors. It is, therefore, a very potent vasoconstrictor and cardiac stimulant. Noradrenaline acts mainly on alpha receptors salbutamol acts on beta 2 receptors beta 1 receptors are located on hea Katzung 12e pg:140 | train | med_mcqa | null |
A boy with skin ulcer on leg, culture revealed beta hemolysis. School physician said that similar hemolysis was seen in organism from sorethroat, what is the similarity between both? | [
"A protein is same for both",
"C carbohydrate antigen is different",
"C carbohydrate antigen is the same",
"Strain causing both are same"
] | C | Ans. (c) C-carbohydrate antigen is the same 13 hemolytic streptococci causing both skin infection and sore throat can be none other than Group A streptococci. The basis by which Lancefield classified streptococci in to groups A-H and K-V is c carbohydrate. So, different Group A streptococci have same c carbohydrate. In... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The fear of dark/night is called as- | [
"Agoraphobia",
"Claustrophobia",
"Nyctophobia",
"Thanatophobia"
] | C | Agoraphobia - fear of places which is difficult to escape such as crowded, enclosed or open places Claustrophobia - fear of closed places Nyctophobia - fear of dark Thanatophobia - fear of death Xenophobia - fear of stranger Acrophobia - fear of heightsc Cynophobia - fear of dogs | train | med_mcqa | null |
The most common type of radiation caries is: | [
"Cervical surface involvement of teeth",
"Widespread superficial lesion attacking buccal, occlusal, incisal and palatal surfaces",
"Spreading to occlusal and palatal surfaces",
"Dark pigmentation of the entire crown"
] | B | Clinically, three types of radiation caries exists.
The most common is widespread superficial lesions attacking buccal, occlusal, incisal, and palatal surfaces. Another type involves primarily the cementum and dentin in the cervical region. These lesions may progress around the teeth circumferentially and result in lo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following statements is true regarding subclan steal syndrome? | [
"Reversal of blood flow in the ipsilateral veebral aery",
"Reversal of blood flow in the contralateral carotid aery",
"Reversal of blood flow in the contralateral veebral aery",
"Bilateral reversal of blood flow in the veebral aeries"
] | A | Ans. Reversal of blood flow in the ipsilateral veebral aery | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following vaccines can result in Thrombocytopenia? | [
"MMR vaccine",
"Typhoid vaccine",
"Influenza vaccine",
"HIB vaccine"
] | A | a. MMR vaccine(Ref: IAP 223, Ghai 8/e p 145)With Measles vaccine, Thrombocytopenic purpura may occur at a frequency of 1/30,000 vaccinees.One of the components of MMR is the Measles vaccine; So MMR vaccine can cause thrombocytopenia. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Diagnostic test for Enteric Fever is: September 2005 | [
"VDRL",
"Widal test",
"Urine culture",
"Gram's staining"
] | B | Ans. B: Widal test S. typhi is Gram negative, non acid fast, non capsulated and non-sporing bacilli, which measure approximately 2-4 mm x 0.6 mm. The organism is motile. Typhoid bacilli grow rapidly on ordinary media and optimum temperature of growth is 37degC. Blood culture The organisms can be best isolated during th... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Patients with sickle cell anemia commonly have infection with all except: | [
"Streptococcus pneumoniae",
"H. influenza-B",
"Myco tuberculosis",
"All of the above"
] | C | c. Myco tuberculosis(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2336, Ghai 8/e p 344)Regardless of age, all patients with sickle cell anemia are at increased risk of bacterial infection, particularly with encapsulated organisms like Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b and Neisseria meningitidis. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cyproheptadine acts on all receptors except ? | [
"D2",
"H1",
"Muscarinic",
"5HT2A"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., D2 Cvproheptadine It primarily blocks 5HT2A receptors and has additional HI antihistaminic, anicholinergic and sedative propeies. It is used in allergies and as antipuritic agent. It increases appetiteand has been used in children and poor eaters to promote weight gain. It is used in controlling intes... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Aneurysm of anterior Cerebral circulation is associated with | [
"Autosomal dominant PCKD",
"Autosomal recessive PCKD",
"Infantile polycystic kidney disease",
"Medullary cystic kidney disease"
] | A | Saccular Aneurysm of anterior Cerebral circulation, Valvular abnormalities are seen in Autosomal dominant PCKD. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Virchow's node is seen in - | [
"Left supraclavicular fossa",
"Anterior mediastinum",
"Posterior triangle of neck",
"Inguinal Region"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Left supraclavicular fossa o Virchow's node (or signal node) is a lymph node in the left supraclavicular fossa (the area above the left clavicle). It takes its supply from lymph vessels in the abdominal cavity. The finding of an enlarged, hard node (also referred to as Troisier's sign) has long been r... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Muscles that can cause external rotation of the hip include all of the following except: | [
"Saorius",
"Obturator internus",
"Obturator externus",
"Gluteus minimus"
] | D | Ans:D.)Gluteus Minimus. Many of the muscles of the gluteal region are external rotators of the hip. These muscles include the gluteus maximus, piriformis, obturator internus, obturator externus, quadratus femoris, superior gemellus, and inferior gemellus. The saorius is a flexor and external rotator of the hip. The glu... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Alt are true about anthropometric measurements except: | [
"Birth weight triples by 1 year",
"Skinfold thickness is measured in sub scapular region",
"Weight is measured to the nearest 100 gram",
"Standing height is about 1.7 cm less than recumbent length"
] | D | Ans: (d) Standing height is about 1.7 cm less than recumbent lengthRef: Pediatrics for Medical Graduates, Arun Babu T, 1st edition, Page 3 5.Weight: It is recommended to weigh children using a scale with the following features:Solidly built and durableElectronic (digital reading)Measures up to 150 kgMeasures to a preci... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Precocious eruption is seen in: | [
"Hyperthyroidism",
"Hypopituitarism",
"Cleidocranial dysplasia",
"Hyperpituitarism"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A line of conjunctival inflammation on lower eye lid margin is diagnostic of - | [
"Measles",
"Rubella",
"Kawasaki disease",
"Infectious monouncleosis"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Measles It is called Steiner's line and is seen in measles | train | med_mcqa | null |
A lady with 12 weeks of pregnancy having fasting blood glucose 170 mg/dL, the antidiabetic drug of choice is: | [
"Insulin",
"Metformin",
"Glipizide",
"Glibenclamide"
] | A | Ans. is a, i.e. InsulinRef Dutta Obs. 7/e, p 285Fasting blood glucose 170 mg/dl, in a pregnant female indicates diabetes In such cases insulin, glyburide or metformin should be started. | train | med_mcqa | null |
SNHL is seen in - | [
"Nail patella syndrome",
"Distal RTA",
"Barter syndrome",
"All of the above"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e.. All of the above Congenital causes of SNHL o Treacher collin syndrome o Alports syndrome o Pendred syndrome o Crouzon's disease o Bartter syndrome o Leopard syndrome o Refsum syndrome o Waardenburg syndrome o Fabry disease o Usher's syndrome o Hurler's syndrome o Klippel fed syndrome o Type 1 (distal)... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Snow blindness is caused by - | [
"Ultravoilet rays",
"Infrarads",
"Microwaves",
"Defect in mirror"
] | A | Photophthalmia refers to occurrence of multipleepithelial erosions due to exposure to ultraviolet rayshaving a wavelength of 290-311 mm. It occurs in thefollowing conditions:1. Exposure to naked arc light as in industrial weldingand cinema operators2. Exposure to bright light of a sho circuit3. Snow blindness due to re... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ranking students from the individual which the highest
grade — point average to the lowest is an example of a (an) | [
"Ordinal scale",
"Nominal scale",
"Interval scale",
"Ratio scale"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The nodular pattern often seen in the lungs following renal transplantation is thought to be due to – | [
"Fungus",
"Inafarcts",
"Cytomegalovirus",
"Autoimmune reaction"
] | C | Interstitial pneumonia can cause reticulonodular pattern. CMV is the most common cause of interstitial pneumonia in a patient with a renal transplant. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is NOT a function of muscles? | [
"Cause movement",
"Produce heat",
"Absorb nutrients",
"Maintain posture"
] | C | Option C: This is a function of the digestive system. Transport of digested end products from the lumen of the GI tract to the blood or lymph is absorption, and for absorption to happen, the digested foods must first enter the mucosal cells by active or passive transport processes.
Options A, B, and D: These are functi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Indications for surgery in Bronchiectases include all except | [
"Negative hemoptysis",
"Copious symptoms with localised disease",
"Bleeding",
"Recurrent infections"
] | A | Removal of the bronchiectatic pa of the lung for symptoms of bleeding,reccurent infection,or copious symptoms can be very effective when the disease is localised. Reference:Bailey & Love's sho practise of surgery,25th edition,page no:892 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Alpha waves in EEG represent ? | [
"Eye closed with active mind",
"Eye open, fully awake and ale",
"Deep sleep",
"None"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Eye closed with active mind EEG rhythms and sleep wake cycle Following EEG rhythms (Berger's rhythm) are impoant in relation to sleep wake cycle : ? Alpha rhythm : - In adult humans who are awake but at rest with mind wandering and the eye closed, ocrhythm is prominent. It is a regular rhythm with a f... | train | med_mcqa | null |
About glycolysis true is | [
"Occurs in mitochondria",
"Complete breakdown of glucose",
"Conversion of glucose to 3C units",
"3 ATPs are used in anaerobic pathway"
] | C | Glycolysis occurs in cytosol.
A 6 carbon glucose molecule is converted to 2 molecules of 3 carbon unit pyruvate or lactate. Complete breakdown of glucose to CO2 and H2O occurs finally in TCA cycle.
Both in aerobic as well as anaerobic glycolysis, 2 ATPs are consumed (not 3 ATPs). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Osteoporosis is seen in all the following except- | [
"Thyrotoxicosis",
"Rheumatoid ahritis",
"Hypoparathyroidism",
"Steroid therapy"
] | C | Osteoporosis It refers to reduction ofbone mass per unit volume (loss of matrix and defective mineralisation) (Fig. 9.47). Aetiology 1.Involutional 2.Endocrinological 3.Gastrointestinal 4.Haematological 5.Rheumatological 6.Collagen vascular Normal bone Type I (postmenopausal) and Type II (senile) Hypehyroidism Hyperpar... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In duschene the knee jerk ? | [
"Exaggerrated",
"Decrease",
"May be normal initially lateron increase",
"May be normal initially lateron decrease"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., May be normal initially lateron decrease Duchenne and Becker's muscular dystrophy. X-like recessive So expression of gene is essentially confirmed in males. Females are affected only if X-chromosome carrying the normal allele is lost or inactivated Becker is milder form with late onset and slow progre... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hyaline cartilage of respiratory tree extends upto- | [
"Tertiary bronchiole",
"Secondary bronchiole",
"Terminal bronchiole",
"Bronchi"
] | D | The trachea and bronchi have cartilage (hyaline cartilage) in their walls but relatively little smooth muscles.
The walls of bronchiole and terminal bronchioles do not contain cartilage instead, they contain more smooth muscles. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Frontal lobe syndrome is characterised by all except | [
"Slowed thinking",
"Decreased curiosity",
"Social withdrawal",
"Good Judgement"
] | D | The frontal lobe syndrome, consists of poor judgement, slowed thinking, decreased curiosity, social withdrawal, and irritability. The frontal lobe is the region that determines how the brain acts on its knowledge. Frontal lobe injury Impairs the executive function: motivation, attention, and sequencing of actions. Apha... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In erect posture commonest site of foreign body in bronchus | [
"Right posterior basal",
"Right anterior basal",
"Lateral basal",
"Medial basal"
] | A | (A) (Right posterior basal) (Pretest physical diagnosis)* The most common anatomic location for a foreign body in the right main stem bronchus or the right lower lobe.* The right main stem bronchus is wider, shorter and vertically placed, and therefore the posterior segment of the right upper lobe (If the patient aspir... | train | med_mcqa | null |
WHO prognostic score for a high-risk GTN is | [
">= 6",
">= 7",
">= 10",
">= 15"
] | B | Modified World Health Organization Prognostic Scoring System, as Adapted by FIGO, by which women whose score is 0-6 are Considered Low Risk (Requiring Single-Agent Chemotherapy) and score of 7 or more, High Risk (Requiring Multiagent Combination Chemotherapy)Scores0123Age<40>= 40----Antecedent pregnancyMoleAboionTerm--... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 25 year old overweight female was given fentanyl-pancuronium anaesthesia for surgery. After surgery and extubation she was observed to have limited movement of the upper body and chest wall in the recovery room. She was conscious and alert but voluntary respiratory effort has limited. Her blood pressure and heart rat... | [
"Incomplete reversal of pancuronium",
"Pulmonary embolism",
"Fentanyl induced chest wall rigidity",
"Respiratory depression"
] | A | Residual neuromuscular paralysis after extubation is a common complication after administration of neuromuscular blocking agents (especially long acting agents like pancuronium).
The presence of limited movements of upper body (residual paralysis) along with reduced voluntary respiratory effort (residual weakness) afte... | train | med_mcqa | null |
CD-95 is a marker of? | [
"Death receptor",
"Tumor cells in T-ALL",
"Monocytes",
"NK cells"
] | A | CD-95 is a marker of death receptor. It is involved in extrinsic pathway of apoptosis. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not true about bulimia nervosa | [
"Invariable weight loss with endocrine disorders",
"Occurrence of both binge eating and inappropriate compensatory behavior at least twice weekly, on an average, for 3 months",
"Recurrent episodes of eating binges",
"Recurrent self - induced vomiting"
] | A | Bulimia Nervosa Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterised by the following clinical features: 1. Bulimia nervosa usually has an onset in early teens or adolescence. 2. There is an intense fear of becoming obese. There may be an earlier history of anorexia nervosa. 3. There is usually body-image disturbance an... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The iron preparation that can be given intravenously is ? | [
"Ferrous sulphate",
"Iron dextran",
"Iron sorbitol citric acid complex",
"Colloidal ferric hydroxide"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Iron dextran | train | med_mcqa | null |
17-OH progesterone level in congenital adrenal hyperplasia in 1 year old child (in ng/dI)- | [
">600",
"150-300",
"300-600",
"<150"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., > 600 Normal and abnormal values of 17-0H progesterone differ for babies born with low bih weight. In general, normal results are as follows: Newborn cord blood - 1,000 - 3,000 ng/dL Babies more than 24 hours old - less than 100 ng/dL Adults - less than 200 ng/dL Note: ng/dL = nanograms per deciliter.... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following TRUE about rhinosporidiosis? NOT RELATED - ENT | [
"The most common organism is Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis",
"Seen only in immunocompromised patients",
"Presents as a nasal polyp",
"Can be diagnosed by isolation of the organism"
] | C | Presents as a nasal polyp Rhinosporidiosis - It is fungal granuloma caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi. The disease mostly affects nose and nasopharynx The disease is acquired through contaminated water of ponds and cow-pets Presents as a leafy, polypoidal mass, pink to purple in colour and attached to nasal septum or la... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The hydrolytic step leading to release of polypeptide chain from ribosomes in catalysed bya) Stop codonsb) Pepitidyl transferasec) Release factorsd) AUG codone) Dissociation of ribosomes | [
"bc",
"c",
"ac",
"ad"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
When gold fused with porcelain is fired at very high temperature, greenish discoloration of cervical margin is due to: | [
"High firing temperature",
"Disintegration of opaque layer",
"Presence of silver",
"Formation of excess oxides"
] | C | Discoloration of the porcelain near the cervical region of the metal-ceramic prosthesis has been reported to occur when a silver-containing alloy is used as the substrate. Color changes included green, yellow-green, yellow-orange, orange and brown hues. This discoloration phenomenon has generally been called “greening... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Psoralen - A is used in the treatment of : | [
"Pemphigus",
"Vitiligo",
"Pityriasis alba",
"Icthyosis"
] | B | B. i.e. Vitiligo | train | med_mcqa | null |
A male neonate develops small-bowel obstruction due to malrotation of the midgut segment. An x-ray of the abdomen confirms the presence of small-bowel obstruction (Figure below). He undergoes an emergency laparotomy, untwisting of the malrotated intestines, and partial small-bowel resection for intestinal infarction. W... | [
"It is derived entirely from the midgut.",
"In the fetus, it enters the physiologic umbilical hernia in the fifth month.",
"It remains in the physiologic hernia for 4 months.",
"It is attached to the urachus."
] | A | The small intestine arises from the midgut segment. The midgut segment extends between the ampulla of Vater and the distal transverse colon. It enters the physiological umbilical hernia at sixth week and returns to the peritoneal cavity by the tenth week. The Vitello intestinal tract (site from which Meckel's diverticu... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sun ray fungus is | [
"Actinomyces irraeli",
"Chromoblastomycosis",
"Streptomyces griseus",
"Cryptococcus"
] | A | Actinomyces colonies form fungus-like branched networks of hyphae. The aspect of these colonies initially led to the incorrect assumption that the organism was a fungus and to the name Actinomyces, "ray fungus" Ref : Ananthanarayana textbook of Microbiology 9th edition Pgno : 391 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Local anaeshthetics cannot be used at the site ofinfection because it causes - | [
"Spread of infection",
"Lowered efficiency",
"Both",
"None"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Both Local infiltration is contraindicated near infection because it not only spreads the infection but is also ineffective, as the acidity produced by infection blocks the action of the drugs. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Difference in expression of gene in the sibling as inherited by the father is termed as: | [
"Mosaicism",
"Anticipation",
"Mutation",
"Replication"
] | A | Difference in expression of gene in the sibling as inherited by the father is termed as mosaicism. It results from a mutation that occurs during embryonic, fetal, or extrauterine development. When mutation occur during from nondisjunction at an early embryonic mitotic division chromosomal mosaicism occurs. Somatic mosa... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 55-year-old woman has undergone facial surgery for the excision of a malignant parotid tumor. A week postoperatively, marked weakness is seen in the musculature of the patient's lower lip. Which of the following nerves was most likely injured during the parotidectomy? | [
"Marginal mandibular branch of facial",
"Zygomatic branch of facial",
"Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve",
"Buccal branch of facial"
] | A | The anterior division of the facial nerve passes through the parotid gland and is therefore at risk during surgery of the parotid gland. Since this patient's symptoms involved paralysis of the muscles of the lower lip, the branch of the facial nerve that supplies these muscles, the marginal mandibular branch, is the on... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Factor present in final common terminal complement pathway is rpt Q 38 | [
"C3",
"C4",
"C5",
"Protein B"
] | C | Activation of the classical and alternative pathwaysleads to a common terminal pathway from C5 to C9. These complement components form the finalmembrane attack complex (MAC). ... complementfixation the combining of complement with the antigen-antibody complex, rendering the complement inactive, or fixed. Ref Robbins 9/... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Breast milk at room temperature stored for? | [
"4 hrs",
"8 hrs",
"12 hrs",
"24 hrs"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 8 hrs | train | med_mcqa | null |
Schirmers test is done for: March 2011 | [
"Epipl-ora",
"Dacryocystitis",
"Myopia",
"Dry eye"
] | D | Ans. D: Dry eye Schirmer test producing wetting of less than 6 mm suppo the diagnosis of dry eye Schirmer's test It determines whether the eye produces enough tears to keep it moist. This test is used when a person experiences very dry eyes or excessive watering of the eyes. It poses no risk to the subject. A negative ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A freshly prepared oral rehydration solution should not be usved after - | [
"4 hrs",
"6 hrs",
"12 hrs",
"24 hrs"
] | D | <p>ORS Aim of oral rehydration therapy is to prevent dehydration and reduce moality. Oral fluid therapy is based on the observation that glucose given orally enhances the intestinal absorption of salt and water and is capable of correcting electrolyte and water deficit. At first the composition of oral rehydration salt... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Fetishism is a sexual perversion characterized by: COMEDK 08; PGI 12 | [
"Sexual focus on children",
"Sexual focus on genital rubbing",
"Sexual pleasure for pain",
"Sexual pleasure derived from inanimate objects"
] | D | Ans. Sexual pleasure derived from inanimate objects | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pulsus paradoxus is seen in all except : | [
"IPPV",
"COPD",
"Cardiac Temponade",
"Constrictive pericarditis"
] | A | Answer is A (IPPV) Pulsus paradoxus is not a feature of IPPV. Pulsus paradoxus may be seen in association with cardiac tamponade, constrictive pericarditis (infrequent) and COPD. Causes of Pulsus Paradoxus 1. Clinical Disease States Cardiac Tamponade (common) Constrictive Pericarditis (Infrequent) Superior vena cava sy... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ratio between blood ethyl alcohol to urine ethyl alcohol concentration is: | [
"2:01",
"2:03",
"01:01.3",
"03:03.3"
] | C | Urine has about 25% more water than an equal volume of blood, so its concentration of alcohol would be about 25% higher than in blood collected at the same time. In order to compare the blood and urine, a ratio of 1:1.33 is used when urine and blood are in equilibrium. Ref: The Essentials of Forensic Medicine and Toxic... | train | med_mcqa | null |
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