question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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In thyroplasty type 2, vocal cord is - | [
"Lateralized",
"Medialized",
"Shortened",
"Lengthened"
] | A | Isshiki divided thyroplasty procedures into 4 categories to produce functional alteration of vocal cords:
Type 1 : Medial displacement of vocal cord (done by injection of gel foam/Teflon paste)
Type 2 : Lateral displacement of cord (done to improve the airway)
Type 3 : Shortening (relax) the cord, to lower the pitch (... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Name the instrument shown here: | [
"Sigmoidoscope",
"Colonoscope",
"Proctoscope",
"Rhinoscope"
] | C | Ans. (c) Proctoscope* The scope used to examine anus and distal rectum is proctoscope.* We cannot examine proximal rectum with this - hence it is a misnomer to name it as proctoscope. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A male patient presented with granulomatous penile ulcer. On Wright geimsa stain tiny organisms of 2 microns within macrophages seen. What is the causative organism? | [
"LGV",
"Calymmatobacterium granulomatis",
"Neisseria",
"Staph aureus"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Calymmatobacterium granulomatosis Investigations Tissue smearMade from a piece of crushed ulcer tissueStained with Giemsa or Leishman stainOrganisms appear as intracellular (in macrophages) "bipolar inclusions" - safety pin or telephone handle appearance. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The beta blocker having intrinsic sympathomimetic activity is: | [
"Propranolol",
"Atenolol",
"Sotalol",
"Pindolol"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
An elderly male patient presented with blurring of vision. Fundus examination revealed cotton wool spots on retina and systemic examination showed decreased peripheral sensations and increased urine output. What finding is the following renal biopsy showing? | [
"Kimmelstien Wilson lesion",
"Amyloid deposits",
"Crescents",
"Hyaline atherosclerosis"
] | A | - Given histopathological slide is showing Kimmelstein Wilson/ Nodular Glomerulosclerosis which is pathognomic of diabetic nephropathy. - OTHER FEATURES OF DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY: - Glomerular lesions like Capillary basement membrane thickening - earliest & most common change in DN Diffuse mesangial sclerosis - presents ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Clomiphene citrate, apa from ovulation induction, can be tried for which of the following disorders? | [
"Oligospermia",
"Erectile dysfunction",
"Asherman's syndrome",
"Carcinoma endometrium"
] | A | Clomiphene is thought to have effects on the hypothalamic axis which promotes gonadotropin release. Gonadotropin stimulates pituitary LH & FSH secretion which helps in testosterone production and hence in spermatogenesis. The drug is staed at a dose of 25mg daily dose to increase the FSH. Usually given for a period of ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug detoxification and steroid synthesis occur in | [
"Mitochondria",
"Smooth endoplasmic reticulum",
"Rough endoplasmic reticulum",
"Cytoplasm"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 18 yrs old boy was palying football, when he suddenly twisted his knee on the ankle and he fell down. He got up after 10 minutes and again staed playing, but next day his knee was swollen and he could not move it. The most probable cause is-: | [
"Medial meniscus tear",
"Anterior cruciate ligament tear",
"Medical collateral ligament injury",
"Posterior cruciate ligament injury"
] | A | A i.e. Medial meniscus tear In cruciate ligament injury the findings can be somewhate perverse i.e. with a complete tear the patients may have little or no pain, whereas with a paial tear the knee is painful. Swelling also is worse with paial tears, because haemorrhage remains confined with in the joint; with complete ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 24 week pregnancy scan showed frontal facial fetal defects suggestive of Moebius syndrome. Which of the following could account for the teratogenic effects? | [
"Mifepristone",
"Misoprostol",
"Dinoprostone",
"Methotrexate"
] | B | Misoprostol is a methyl ester prostaglandin E1 analogue used for cervical ripening and first trimester aboion. The first trimester exposure to Misoprostol might lead to the development of Moebius syndrome. Mifepristone (RU - 486) is a potent progesterone receptor antagonist which is used in first trimester aboion and a... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which viral infection always causes clinical disease in human beings- | [
"Rubella",
"Poliomyelitis",
"Measles",
"Chicken pox"
] | C | Rubella unfections are in fact subclinical.This represents the one of the major difference between measles and rubella(Ref.PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 21st Edition page no.136) | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient has been diagnosed with Marfan syndrome. Which of the following is the most common cause of death in these patients? | [
"Liver disease",
"Myocardial infarction",
"Recurrent infection",
"Aoic disease"
] | D | Marfan syndrome Autosomal dominant Defect in an extracellular glycoprotein called fibrillin-1. Loss of fibrillin- Clinical manifestations of Marfan syndrome. Loss of structural suppo in microfibril rich connective tissue and excessive activation of TGF-b signaling. Skeletal abnormalities Unusually tall Exceptionally lo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A person's X-ray chest showing homogenous opacity on right side with shifting of mediastinum on opposite side. Most probable diagnosis is/are: | [
"Collapse",
"Pleural effusion",
"Pneumothorax",
"Consolidation"
] | B | Answer- (B) Pleural effusionPneumonectomy chest (Early sip: within 24 hr): Paial filling of thorax, ipsilateral mediastinal shift & diaphragmatic elevation.Homogenous opacityShift of mediastinum to the opposite sideConcave upper border (Ellis's curve) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Acro-osteolysis is seen in: March 2012 | [
"Frostbite",
"Leprosy",
"Scleroderma",
"Hypoparathyroidism"
] | C | Ans: C i.e. Scleroderma Acro-osteolysis (resorption of the distal phalangeal tuft) is seen in hyperparathyroidism, scleroderma, raynaud's, psoriasis etc. Musculoskeletal system: Radiological signs and conditions Polka dot in veebra: Haemangioma Champagne glass pelvis: Achondroplasia Pencil thin coex: Scurvy Onion skin ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sympathetic root of otic ganglion | [
"Plexus around ICA",
"Plexus around facial aery",
"Plexus around ophthalmic aery",
"Plexus around middle meningeal aery"
] | D | ROOTS OF OTIC GANGLION: Sensory root is by auriculotemporal nerve Sympathetic root is by sympathetic plexus around middle meningeal aery Secretomotor root is by lesser petrosal nerve from tympanic plexus formed by tympanic branch of cranial nerve IX Motor root is by a branch from nerve to medial pterygoid Ref BDC volum... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not true about hyperplastic tuberculosis | [
"Most common site is ileo-caecal region",
"Presents as mass in right iliac fossa",
"Surgery is the treatment of choice",
"Barium studies are characteristic"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The enzyme responsible for development of Cataract in diabetes is due to | [
"Hexokinase",
"NADPH+ dependent aldoreductase",
"Glucokinase",
"Phosphofructoisomerase"
] | B | NADPH+ dependent aldoreductase is responsible for accumulation of Sorbitol in Lens causing Cataract in Diabetic. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following anaesthetic agent leads to increase in ICT | [
"Thiopentone",
"Ketamine",
"Propofol",
"Sevoflurane"
] | B | (Ref: Katzung, 11th ed. pg. 437; KDT, 6th ed. pg. 376)* Ketamine is the only intravenous anesthetic that possesses analgesic properties and produces cardiovascular stimulation.* It causes "dissociative anesthesia" which is characterized by profound analgesia, immobility, amnesia and feeling of dissociation from ones' o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Following spinal subarachnoid block a patient develops hypotension. This can be managed by the following means except – | [
"Lowering the head end",
"Administration of 1000 ml of Ringers lacate before the block",
"Vasopressor drug like methoxamine",
"Use of ionotrope like dopamine"
] | B | This is the controversial one. Most of the guides have given option 'a' i.e. lowering the head end as the answer. Their logic is that, if the head end is lowered, the anesthetic drug will move up and will produce severe hypotension and bradycardia.
However, all texts books have mentioned that in the management of hypot... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A person is screened for blood Donation. Which of the following serology is safe for Blood donation. | [
"Anti HBsAg positive",
"HBsAg positive",
"Anti HBC positive (IgM)",
"HBcAg positive"
] | A | Answer is A (Anti HBsAg positive) Presence of Anti HBsAg positive status indicates either immunization with HBs Ag or Hepatitis B in the remote past with complete recovery such patients are considered safe fin- blood transfusion. HbsAg Anti-HBs Anti-HBc HBeAg Anti-HBe Interpretation - + IgG - +/- Recovery from hepatiti... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cardiac contractility is inhibited by -a) Digitalis useb) Respiratory acidosisc) Metabolic alkalosisd) ↓PO4e) Hypothermia | [
"abc",
"ade",
"ace",
"bde"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
In rheumatoid arthritis, pathology starts in the - | [
"Articular cartilage",
"Capsule",
"Synovium",
"Muscles"
] | C | Major target in RA is synovium (synovial membrane) of the joint where the pathology starts.
Inflammation starts in the synovium and later also causes cartilage damage and bone erosion with subsequent change in joint integrity. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Locus heterogeneity is a feature of which of the following? | [
"Familial adenomatous polyposis",
"MENU",
"Osteogenesis imperfecta",
"All of the above"
] | C | TYPES OF HETEROGENEITY are
A. Allelic Heterogeneity,
B. Phenotypic Heterogeneity,
C. Locus or Nonallelic Heterogeneity.
Nonallelic or locus heterogeneity refers to the situation in which a similar disease phenotype results from mutations at different genetic loci. E.g Osteogenesis imperfecta, Albinism, Muscular dystrop... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Genital was in pregnancy treatment is | [
"Podophylin",
"Salicylic acid & lactic acid",
"Cryotherapy",
"Imiquinod"
] | C | Cryotherapy T/T of anogenital was Topical medication Trichloracetic acid or Podophyllin resin applied weekly. hniquinod or podofilox should also be used. Crvotherapy and laser therapy Cryotherapy (freezing) using nitrous oxide or carbon dioxide is used in was who do not respond to topical treatment. Carbon dioxide lase... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A middle aged man comes to OPD with paraesthesia of hands and feet, hyperkeratosis of palms, rain drop ptgmentation and transverse lines on nails. Most likely the person is having: | [
"Arsenic poisoning",
"Lead poisoning",
"Cadmium poisoning",
"All"
] | A | A i.e. Arsenic poisoning | train | med_mcqa | null |
“3-D” means in hospital waste management is | [
"Destruction, deep burial, drainage",
"Discard, disinfection, drainage",
"Disinfection, disposal, drainage",
"Destruction, deep burial, disposal"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug used in estrogen dependent breast cancer - | [
"Tamoxifen",
"Clomiphene citrate",
"Estrogen",
"Adriamycin"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Tamoxifen Breast cancer can be divided into two typesHormonal drug therapy for breast cancer targets estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. It aims at blocking the action of estrogen on estrogen receptor positive breast cells.The hormonal therapy of choice for breast cancer in premenopausal women i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about neurotmesis | [
"Complete transection",
"Worst prognosis",
"Both",
"None"
] | C | Neurotmesis is 3rd degree nerve injury Complete transaction of nerve occurs Has worst prognosis Ref:Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology 12th edition,page number: 74,75,76 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Caplan's syndrome of rheumatoid arthritis with pneumoconiosis is characterized by | [
"Lung nodules and diffuse pulmonary fibrosis",
"Bilateral symmetrical lung cavitations with pulmonary fibrosis.",
"Air-space consolidation with patchy pulmonary fibrosis.",
"Interstitial pneumonitis with hilar adenopathy."
] | A | Ans. a (Lung nodules and diffuse pulmonary fibrosis). (Ref. Harrison, Medicine, 16th ed., 1524)CAPLAN'S SYNDROME# Caplan's syndrome is characterized by triad of- Pulmonary nodules,- Pneumoconiosis (progressive massive fibrosis), and/in- Rheumatoid disease (seropositive).# The immuno-pathological mechanism involves:- Di... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In a normal individual, filtration fraction varies from: | [
"0.16 - 0.20",
"2.0 - 4.0",
"0.5 - 0.7",
"0.9 - 1.1"
] | A | The ratio of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) to the renal plasma flow (RPF), the filtration fraction, is normally 0.16-0.20. The GFR varies less than the RPF. When there is a fall in systemic blood pressure, the GFR falls less than the RPF because of efferent aeriolar constriction, and consequently the filtration ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following complement components attaches to the crystallizable fragment of immunoglobulin M ? | [
"C5b",
"C5a",
"Clqrs",
"C4b2a"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Clqrs Only IgM and IgG activate or fix complement the classic pathway. Of the IgGs, only IgG subclasses 1, 2 and 3 fix complement; IgG4 does not.CI, which is bound to a site in the Fc region, is composed of three proteins: Clq, CI r and Cls. Clq is an aggregate of polypeptides that bind to the Fc poio... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All true about accidental intra aerial injection of Thiopentone except:- | [
"Immediate intense vasoconstriction and excruciating pain",
"Cause is precipitations of thiopental crystals in the aerial vassals",
"To relieve pain we have to immediately remove the misplaced aerial cannula.",
"Sympathectomy of the upper extremity produced by Stellate ganglion block may relieve vasoconstrict... | C | The accidental intra aerial injection of drug due to wrongly placed cannula M/N 1. Leave the cannula in situ 2. Intra aerial injection of heparin 3. Lidocaine, papaverine phenoxybenzamine injected 4. Stellate ganglion block | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 40 year male presents with hematemesis. On examination his BP was 90/60 mmHg and Heart Rate was 120/min. Splenomegaly was also present. The most probable cause of his bleeding is: | [
"Portal Hypertension",
"Gastric ulcer",
"Duodenal ulcer",
"Drug-induced GI injury"
] | A | Ans is 'a' i.e. Portal hypertension Among the given options, splenomegaly is most likely to be associated with Portal hypertension.Causes of upper GI bleed (in descending order) Peptic ulcerDuodenal ulcersGastric ulcersOesophageal varicesGastritis, erosionsMallory-Weiss tearsUncommon causesGastric carcinomaEsophagitis ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is used to measure pain intensity | [
"Visual analog scale",
"Visual anaesthesia score",
"Verifiable assessment of soreness",
"Visual assessment of soreness"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Right coronary aery supplies all, except? | [
"Anterior 2/3 of ventricular septum",
"SA node",
"AV node",
"LBB"
] | A | Right coronary aery supplies (i) SA node (in 65%), (ii) whole conducting system (AV bundle, bundle of his, pa of left bundle branch) except RBB and pa of left branch of AV bundle, (iii) posterior pa of ventricular septum, (iv) most of right ventricle except small pa adjoining anterior interventricular groove and small ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The lesion shown below is caused by | [
"HPV",
"HSV",
"HIV",
"EBV"
] | A | Human papillomavirus (HPV) which is the most common sexually transmitted infection, is a cause of anal dysplasia and cancer.The approximately 40 HPV subtypes that can cause anogenital infections are divided into:1. Low-risk types (e.g. types 6 and 11) that cause anal warts (condyloma acuminata)2. High-risk types (e.g. ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
GABA- B receptor is which type of receptor - | [
"Inotropic receptor",
"Metabotropic transmembrane receptor",
"Ligand gated ion channel",
"Intrinsic ion channel"
] | B | Ans: B. Metabotropic transmembrane receptor(Ref : KDT //e p. 399, 402 6 6h/e p. 395; Katzung 17th/e p' 377-378; lP/e p' 355)Metabotropic recePtors:Are G-protein coupled receptors which act through second messenger.Examples: GABA-B receptors, Muscarinic (M1 to M5) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Rate limiting enzyme in glycolysis | [
"Phosphofructokinase",
"Glucose 6 dehydrogenase",
"Pyruvate kinase",
"Pyruvate carboxylase"
] | A | Fructose-6-phosphate is fuher phosphorylated to fructose1,6 bisphosphate. The enzyme is phosphofructokinase. is the rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis. It is an allosterically regulated enzyme catalyzes the second phosphorylation step of glycolysis using a second molecule of ATP is an impoant key enzyme of this pathway... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about Hirschsprung’s disease is | [
"Involved segment of intestine is dilated",
"Non passage of meconium",
"Target sign",
"All of the above"
] | B | Hirschsprung’s disease presents with non passage of stools in infants. Involved segment is not dilated Target sign is seen in intusussuption. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Postoperative vomiting is uncommon with this intravenous anaesthetic agent and patients are able to ambulate sooner than those who receive other anaesthetic agents: | [
"Ketamine",
"Enflurane",
"Propofol",
"Remifentanil"
] | C | (Ref: KDT 6/e p375) Propofol is the most commonly used anaesthetic agent for 'day care surgery'. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following completely blocks oxidation and phosphorylation by blocking the flow of protons through ATP synthase? | [
"Oligomycin",
"Cyanide",
"BAL",
"Carboxin"
] | A | The antibiotic oligomycin completely blocks oxidation and phosphorylation by blocking the flow of protons through ATP synthase. Reference: Harper; 30th edition; Page no: 132 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Auramine and rhodamine staining are used for : | [
"Nocordia.",
"Spirochaetes.",
"Rapid diagnosis of TB",
"All of the above."
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Parietal cell secretes | [
"Mucus",
"Pepsinogens",
"Gastrin",
"Intrinsic factor"
] | D | Parietal cells located deep in the oxyntic glands secrete HCl & intrinsic factor. -Mucus is secreted by mucous neck cells of oxyntic glands. Pepsinogen is secreted by chief/peptic cells of oxyntic glands. -G cells of pyloric glands release hormone gastrin. Reference: Guyton,11e | train | med_mcqa | null |
The most common type of anorectal malformation is | [
"Imperforate anus",
"Anal agenesis",
"Anorectal agenesis",
"Rectal atresia"
] | C | The most common type of malformation involving the anal canal and rectum is anorectal agenesis, in which the rectum ends as a blind sac above the puborectalis muscle. The anal canal may form normally but does not connect with the rectum. This malformation is accompanied by various fistulas. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 70-year-old woman presents with a tender irreducible mass immediately below and lateral to the pubic tubercle. Plain abdominal x-ray shows intestinal obstruction Treatment with a nasogastric tube and intravenous fluids is initiated. What is the next step in treatment? | [
"Sedation to relax the patient and allow spontaneous reduction of the mass",
"Sedation and surgery scheduled for the next elective surgical appointment",
"Sedation and manual taxis (reduction)",
"Emergency surgery on the left groin"
] | D | This patient has a strangulated femoral hernia. Emergency surgery after appropriate resuscitation is the correct treatment. Gangrene of strangulated bowel may be present. No attempt at manual reduction should be made because gangrenous bowel may be returned to the peritoneal cavity. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Neurological transmission is affected by ? | [
"Sulfonamides",
"Nitrofurantoin",
"INH",
"Streptomycin"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Streptomycin o All aminoglycosides reduce Ach release from the motor nerve endings. They interfere with mobilization of centrally located synaptic vesicles to fuse with the terminal membrane (probably by antagonizing Ca2+) as well as decrease the sensitivity of the muscle end plates to Ach. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Least common association with Morbid Obesity is: | [
"Rheumatoid Ahritis",
"Diabetes Mellitius type II",
"Essential Hypeension",
"Large bowel cancers"
] | A | Rheumatoid Ahritis | train | med_mcqa | null |
An individual has been on a fad diet for 6 weeks and has begun to develop a number of skin rashes, diarrhea, and forgetfulness. These symptoms could have been less severe if the diet contained a high content of which one of the following? | [
"Tyrosine",
"Tryptophan",
"Thiamine",
"Thymine"
] | B | At least eight different carrier proteins transport different groups of amino acids.a. Sodium-amino acid carrier system(1). A number of transport systems involve the uptake by the cell of a sodium ion and an amino acid by the same carrier protein on the luminal surface (examples are systems A, ASC, N, and B).(2). The s... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Structures present on medial surface of submandibular gland are all except: | [
"Mylohyoid.",
"Facial artery.",
"Hyoglossus.",
"Styloglossus."
] | B | SUPERFICIAL PART
The inferior surface is covered by:
Skin
Platysma
Cervical branch of the facial nerve
Deep fascia
Facial vein
Submandibular lymph nodes.
The lateral surface is related to:
The submandibular fossa on the mandible
Insertion of the medial pterygoid
The facial artery
The medial surface is related to:
M... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Discarded medicine - | [
"Blue bag",
"Black",
"Yellow",
"Red"
] | B | Ans. is b i.e., Black o Discarded medicines are category 5 wastes which are discarded in black colour plastic bag. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 10-year-old boy presented with painful boggy swelling of scalp, multiple sinuses, with purulent discharge, easily pluckable hair and lymph nodes enlarged in occipital region. Which will be most helpful for diagnostic evaluation? | [
"Biopsy and Giemsa evaluation",
"Bacterial culture",
"KOH mount",
"Patch test, gram staining, Tzanck smear"
] | C | Ans. c. KOH mountKerionInflammatory variant of Tinea capitisPainful boggy swelling with multiple sinuses and tender lymph node enlargement may be seen.Wood's lamp examination and KOH mount help in diagnosisTreated by oral antifungals (Griseofulvin and Itraconazole) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Waterflow classification of malnutrition in children takes into account? | [
"Weight for height (wasting)",
"Height for age (stunting)",
"Weight for height (wasting) and height for age (stunting)",
"Percent of reference weight for age"
] | C | Waterlow&;s classification of PEM: It defines two groups- 1. Malnutrition with a retarded growth, in which a drop in height/age ratio points to a chronic condition - shoness/stunting. It is an index of the duration of malnutrition 2. Malnutrition with a low weight for a normal height, in which the weight for height rat... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is the MOST common neoplasm of appendix? | [
"Lymphoma",
"Adenocarcinoma",
"Leiomyosarcoma",
"Argentaffinoma"
] | B | Sabiston writes: Although it was previously believed that carcinoid tumors were the most common appendiceal neoplasm, analysis of the surveillance, Epidemiology, and End results (SEER) database indicate that mucinous tumors are most common in appendix. Ref: Sabiston 18/e, Page 1345 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Best rapid diagnostic test for etiology of acute pyogenic meningitis is? | [
"Pro calcitonin",
"Limulus test",
"Latex agglutination",
"Counterimmunoelectrophoresis"
] | C | ANSWER: (C) Latex agglutinationREF: Clinical approach to infection in the compromised host by Robert H. Rubin, Lowell S. Young Page 175* Latex agglutination test is more rapid and sensitive than the counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) in detection of etiological agent of pyogenic (bacterial) meningitis.One of these rapi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
WHO sugar control policy includes all except: | [
"Regulating marketing of sugar containing drinks",
"Control on labelling of food",
"Fiscal policies",
"On or near chair side council"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Parotitis and orchitis are common manifestations of: | [
"Diphtheria",
"Measles",
"Rubella",
"Mumps"
] | D | d. Mumps(Ref: Nelsons' 20/e p 1552-1553, Chai 8/e p 217-218)Mumps is characterized by fever, bilateral or unilateral parotid swelling and tenderness, and the frequent occurrence of meningoencephalitis and orchitis. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Concurrent list does not encompass - | [
"Prevention of extension of communicable disease from one unit to another",
"Prevention of adulteration of food stuffs",
"Regulation and development of medical profession",
"Vital statistics"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Regulation and development of Medical profession Regulation and development of Medical profession is included inthe Union list and not in the Concurrent list. The Union Ministry' of Health and Family Welfare and its Functions. The functions of the Union Health Ministry are set out in the seventh sched... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A man on return from a country complains of pain in abdomen, jaundice, with increased alkaline phosphatase and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. U.S.G. shows blockage in the biliary tree. What could be the cause - | [
"Fasciola buski",
"Clonorchis sinensis",
"Strongyliodes",
"Ancylostoma"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Clonorchis sinensis Clonorchis sinensis is a trematode. It is also known as liver luke.Man is definitive host for Clonorchis and snail is the secondary host.Clonorchis sinensis is caused by ingestion of metacercaria in inadequately cooked freshwater fish.The organism's excyst in the duodenum.The larva... | train | med_mcqa | null |
First lumbrical canal communicates with | [
"Adductor space",
"Midpalmar space",
"Thenar space",
"Hypothenar space"
] | C | Thenar space communicates with first web space through first lumbrical canal.The midpalmar space communicates with medial 3 web spaces through medial 3 lumbrical canals.Reference: Textbook of anatomy upper limb and thorax, Vishram Singh, second edition, page no 154, 153 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following statement is true regarding defense mechanisms? | [
"Unconscious processes",
"Implemented to abolish anxiety and depression",
"Used to resolve internal conflicts",
"All of the above"
] | D | Ans. D. All of the aboveDefense mechanisms are unconscious processes used to resolve the conflicts of our inner lives. When they are most effective, especially in those with personality disorders, they can abolish anxiety and depression. Thus, abandoning a defense increases conscious anxiety and depression. Patients wi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Flag sign and flaky paint dermatitis are characteristically seen in | [
"Kwashiorkar",
"Marasmus",
"Pellagra",
"Nutritional dwarf"
] | A | (A) Kwashiorkar # Hair changes: The hair is thin, dry, brittle, easily pluckable, sparse, and devoid of their normal sheen. It becomes straight and hypopigmented. The length of the hair that grows during the period of nutritional deprivation appears reddish brown. During the phases of better nutrition, the growing part... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The ideal place to record body temperature in dead body is - | [
"Rectum",
"Axilla",
"Mouth",
"Groin"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Rectum o Most common site for recording temperature is the rectum.o Thermameter is inserted in rectum around 8-10 cm for 2 minutes.o Other sites for recording temperature are nose, ear (external auditory meatus), vagina, and under liver. | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are feature of prematurity in neonate except | [
"No crease on sole",
"Abundant lanugo",
"Thick ear cailage",
"Empty Scotum"
] | C | *Preterm bih, also known as premature bih, is the bih of a baby at fewer than 37 weeks gestational age* These babies are known as preemies or premmies.*Symptoms of preterm labor include uterine contractions which occur more often than every ten minutes or the leaking of fluid from the vagina.*Premature infants are at g... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In postductal coarctation of aoa, vessels involved in the formation of collateral are all of the following, EXCEPT: | [
"Intercostal aery",
"Internal thoracic aery",
"Superior epigastric aery",
"Veebral aery"
] | D | In postductal coarctation of aoa patients will survive due to the establishment of circulation between the following vessels: 1. Anterior intercostal aery which are branches of internal thoracic branch of subclan aery and posterior intercostal aery which are branches of descending thoracic aoa. As a result intercostal ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 71/2 months old child with cough, mild stridor was staed on oral antibiotics. The child showed initial improvement but later developed wheeze, productive cough, and mild fever. X-ray shows hyperlucency and PFT shows an obstructive curve. The most probable diagnosis is: | [
"Bronchiolitis obliterans",
"Post viral syndrome",
"Follicular bronchitis",
"Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis"
] | A | The patient in question is presenting with charachteristic features of bronchiolitis obliterans. Fever, cough, and wheeze are common clinical features of bronchiolitis obliterans and a period of initial improvement may well be seen in cases of bronchiolitis obliterans (Initial sign of B.O). Hyperluscency or chest X-Ray... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Neutropenia is seen in all except: | [
"Scurvy",
"Aplastic anemia",
"Typhoid fever",
"Chloramphenicol"
] | A | Ans: A (Scurvy) Ref: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18 ed.Explanation:Severity of neutropenia based on the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) measured in cells per microliter of blood:Mild neutropenia (1000 < ANC < 1500) minimal risk of infectionModerate neutropenia (500 < ANC < 1000) -- moderate risk of infe... | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is the total osmolarity of low osmolarity ORS? | [
"311 mmol/ litre",
"300 mmol/ litre",
"245 mmol/ litre",
"250 mmol/ litre"
] | C | Composition of reduced osmolarity ORS: Components Amount in mmol/ litre Sodium 75 Chloride 65 Glucose, anhydrous 75 Potassium 20 Citrate 10 Total osmolarity 245 Ref: Park 21st edition, page 202. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most radio dense substance is – | [
"Fluid",
"Soft tissue",
"Brain",
"Bone"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
If a claw hand develops in a patient with Leprosy, the deformity is - | [
"Grade 0",
"Grade I",
"Grade II",
"Grade III"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The usual incubation period of peusis is - | [
"7-14 days",
"3-5 days",
"21-25 days",
"Less than 3 days"
] | A | <p> Peussis/Whooping cough:- An acute infectious disease ,usually of young children, caused by B.peussis. Clinically characterised by insidious onset with mild fever and an irritating cough, gradually becoming paroxysmal with the characteristic whoop often with cyanosis and vomiting. Also known as "Hundred day cough". ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is an execution caspase | [
"Caspase 3",
"Caspase 5",
"Caspase 8",
"Caspase 9"
] | A | Ans. (a) Caspase 3(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 56; 8th/pg 26)There are two executionary caspases 3 and 6.Most important executionary caspase is caspase 3 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Thiopentone is fast acting inducing agent because of | [
"Rapid redistribution",
"Increased clearance",
"Metabolized in plasma",
"High lipid solubility"
] | D | Thiopentone is fast acting because of its high lipid solubility.
And action of this drug terminates very quickly because of rapid redistribution. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Diphtheria toxin acts by | [
"Inhibiting acetyl choline release",
"Inhibiting glucose transpo",
"Inhibiting levels of cyclic AMP",
"Inhibiting protein synthesis"
] | D | The diphtheria toxin acts by inhibiting protein synthesis. Specifically, a fragment B heparin binding and fragment A inhibits polypeptide chain elongation in the presence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide by inactivating the elongation factor EF-2. It has a special affinity for ceain tissues such as the myocardium, ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Energy required by a heavy worker female (in kcal/ day): March 2013 (d, f) | [
"1900",
"2230",
"2850",
"3730"
] | C | Ans. C i.e. 2850 Energy requirement of woman Sedentary work: 1900 Kcal/day (35 Kcal kg/day) Moderate work: 2230 Kcal/ day (41 Kcal/kg/day) Heavy work: 2850 Kcal/day (52 Kcal/kg/day) Pregnant woman: + 350 Kcal/day Lactation: +600 Kcal/day | train | med_mcqa | null |
Presence of gas shadow in the hea and great vessels suggestive of intrauterine death. This is called: KCET12 | [
"Chadwick's sign",
"Osiander's sign",
"Robe's sign",
"Spalding sign"
] | C | Ans. Robe's sign | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which Vitamin deficiency results in poor wound healing? | [
"K",
"C",
"D",
"E"
] | B | Answer- B. CVitamin C is impoant to the synthesis of collagen and the growth of new blood vessels to replace damaged tissue. This element also has a strong antioxidizing effect that enhances the immune system and, in effect, protects against wound infection. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the below is a feature of Osteogenesis imperfecta? | [
"Blue sclera",
"Cataract",
"Anterior uveitis",
"Retinal detachment"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Blue sclera o Osteogenesis imperfecta, also known as brittle bone disease, is due to defective collagen type 1 synthesis.o It is inherited mostly as autosomal dominant but autosomal recessive pattern also seen in severe form. Clinical features of osteogenesis imperfecta# Blue sclera# Dentinogenesis im... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 68 year old woman was admitted with a history of weakness for two months. On examination, cervical lymph nodes were found enlarged and spleen was palpable 2 cm below the costal margin. Her hemoglobin was 10.5 g/dl, platelet count 27 x 109/L and total leukocyte count 40 x 109/L, which included 80 % mature lymphoid cel... | [
"A monomorphic lymphoid proliferation with admixed proliferation centers",
"A polymorphous population of lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophils and scattered large binucleated cells",
"A predominantly follicular pattern with variably-sized follicles effacing nodal architecture",
"A diffuse proliferation of me... | A | This is a case of elderly female with lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly and peripheral blood lymphoid cells were positive for CD19, CD5, CD20 and CD23 and negative for CD79B and FMC-7. This findings are consistent with a diagnosis of Chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In CLL, lymph node biopsy is suggestive of pseudofollicular ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
How many vascular segments are present in each kidney? | [
"3",
"4",
"5",
"6"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 5o Renal artery Right renal artery is longer and passes behind I VC. Renal artery divides into : -Posterior division :- Supplies posterior segment.Anterior division :-Divides further into 4 branches to supply apical, upper anterior, middle anterior and lower segments.o Thus, there are five vascular se... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Daisy head appearance of colonies of Corynebacterium diphtheria on blood tellurite agar is shown by | [
"Gravis biotype",
"Intermedius biotype",
"Mitis biotype",
"None of the above"
] | A | Mcleod's classification - Based on colony morphology on Tellurite medium and propeies like biochemical reactions and severity of disease, Three distinct cultural types aremitis,intermedius, andgravis GRAVIS INTERMEDIUS MITIS Colony on tellurite blood agar daisy head colony frog's egg colony poached egg colony | train | med_mcqa | null |
Aspergillus causes all except - | [
"Bronchopulmonary allergy",
"Otomycosis",
"Dermatophytosis",
"Keratitis"
] | C | Clinical manifestations of Aspergillus: Pulmonary aspergillosis (MC form) Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) Asthma Extrinsic allergic alveolitis Aspergilloma (fungal ball) and Chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis. Invasive sinusitis, chronic granulomatous sinusitis, maxillary fungal ball and allergic f... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 39-year old carpenter has taken two bottles of liquor from the local shop. After about an hour he develops confusion, vomiting and blurring of vision. He has been brought to the emergency out patient. He should be given: | [
"Naloxone",
"Diazepam",
"Flumazenil",
"Ethyl alcohol"
] | D | This is a case of methanol or methyl alcohol poisoning. Hence the antidote is ethanol. Ref: The Essentials of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology By K S Narayan Reddy, 27th Edition, Pages 513, 525 | train | med_mcqa | null |
The usual voltage of alpha rhythm is? | [
"50 micro volts",
"10 mv.",
"5 mv.",
"100 mv."
] | A | A i.e. 50 microvolts | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sudden death, right sided hea failure (cor pulmonale or cardiovascular collapse occur when ? | [
"Small pulmonary embolism",
"Massive pulmonary embolism",
"60% or more of pulmonary aery is obstructed with emboli",
"End aery obliteration"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 60% or more of pulmonary aery is obstructed with emboli | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 22-year-old homeless person with a known drug abuse problem and multiple opportunistic infections has a positive PPD (purified protein) test. Which of the following is the most common way this infection is acquired? | [
"GI tract",
"Genital tract",
"Nasal tract",
"Respiratory tract"
] | D | The respiratory tract is a common portal of entry to such airborne organisms as M. tuberculosis. This is why respiratory precautions must be taken when patients are harboring viable M. tuberculosis. The GI tract is usually infected from ingestion of contaminated food or water (Shigella, Salmonella, and Campylobacter) o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Japanese B encephalitis is transmitted by | [
"Aedes",
"Anopheles",
"Culex",
"All of the above"
] | C | (C) Culex TAXONOMY OF SOME IMPORTANT ARBOVIRUSESFamilyGenusImportant speciesTogaviridaeAlphavirusChikungunya, O'nyong-nyong, Mayaro, Semliki Forest Sindbis, Ross River, Eastern, Western and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virusesFlaviviridaeFlavivirusJapanese encephalitis, Murray Valley encephalitis, WestNile, llheus, S... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Latency seen in viral infections - | [
"HSV - II",
"CNMV",
"Rotavirus",
"HIV"
] | A | HSV remain latent in the ganglia REF:ANATHANARAYANAN MICROBIOLOGY NINTH EDITION PAGE.468 | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are true about b thalassemia trait, Except - | [
"Microcytic hypochromic picture",
"↑ed HbA2",
"↑ed HbF",
"Patient requires blood transfusion"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
According to the two-state receptor theory, which of the following statements BEST explain the term "agonists"? They have | [
"Strong affinity for receptor in active state (Ra)",
"Strong affinity for receptor in inactive state (Ri)",
"Equal affinity for Ra and Ri",
"Slightly more affinity for Ra than Ri"
] | A | In to state receptor theory, agonists and inverse agonists are thought to have a selective binding affinity for the pre-existing resting and active states | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 25 year old young woman has recurrent episodes of headache and sweating. Her mother had renal calculi and died after having a neck mass. The physical examination reveals a thyroid nodule but no clinical sign of thyrotoxicosis. Before performing thyroid surgery, the surgeon should order - | [
"Measurement of thyroid hormones",
"Serial detenriinations of serum calcium,phosphorus, protein and alkaline phosphatase",
"24-hours urine test for 5 hydroxyindoleacetic acid excretion",
"Serial 24 hours test for catecholamines, meta-nephrines and vanillylamandelic acid excretion"
] | D | Ans is option 4 It is a case of MEN type 2A i.e. Medullary Ca of thyroid, pheochromocytoma, hyperparathyroidism Before surgery of medullary Ca of thyroid these patients should be screened for pheochromocytoma Screening for pheochromocytoma consists of measurement of urinary free Catecholamines and its metabolites such ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
One sub-centre covers: | [
"1000 population",
"2000 population",
"4000 population",
"5000 population"
] | D | The sub-centre is the peripheral outpost of the existing health delivery system in rural areas.
One sub-centre covers a population of 5000 in general and 3000 in hilly, tribal and backward areas.
The functions of a sub-centre are limited to mother and child health care, family planning and immunization.
There are tw... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 45-year-old man with AIDS is admitted to the hospital with a productive cough, fever, and night sweats. An X-ray film of the chest shows an ill-defined area of consolidation at the periphery of the right middle lobe and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. A sputum culture grows acid-fast bacilli. The patient develops severe... | [
"Base of the brain",
"Cerebellum",
"Hippocampus",
"Periventricular white matter"
] | A | Tuberculous meningitis has a predilection for the base of the brain, and infarcts are often found in the distribution of the striate arteries. Inadequately treated tuberculous meningitis results in meningeal fibrosis, communicating hydrocephalus, and arteritis, with the last leading to infarcts. Less often, parenchymal... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A randomized trial comparing the efficacy of two drugs showed a difference between the two (p<0.05). Assume that in reality, however, the two drugs to not differ. This is therefore an example of:- | [
"Type I error",
"Type II error",
"1 - alpha",
"1 - beta"
] | A | STATISTICAL ERRORS & P - VALUE H0 rejected H0 not rejected Null hypothesis (H0) true Null hypothesis (H0) false Type I error No error No error Type II error Type I error: Null hypothesis is true but rejected. Probability of type I error is given by 'P value'. (probability of declaring a significant difference when actu... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The following should be avoided in asthma patient | [
"NSAID",
"Terbutaline",
"Theophylline",
"Steroids"
] | A | Aspirin and other painkillers. Approximately 10% to 20% of adults with asthma have sensitivity to aspirin or a group of painkillers called non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs -- or NSAIDS -- such as ibuprofen ( Motrin , Advil) and naproxen ( Aleve , Naprosyn ). Ref Davidson edition23rd pg 576 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Toxicity of Amphotericin B can be reduced by using? | [
"Liquid preparation",
"Granules",
"Liposomal preparation",
"Subcutareous administration"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Liposomal preparation o Liposomal amphotericin has some advantages in terms of reduced toxicity (especially nephrotoxicity) compared with conventional preparation. o However, it is very expensive and prescription requires careful individual patient assessment. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Saliva dribbling from mouth is characteristic of- | [
"Postmortem hanging",
"Antemortem hanging",
"Suicidal hanging",
"Homicidal strangulation"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 70-year-old male patient with intentional tremor, drunken gait, and past pointing is having a lesion in which of the following structures | [
"Basal ganglia",
"Pyramidal tract",
"Cerebellum",
"Thalamus"
] | C | "Most abnormalities associated with damage to the cerebellum are apparent during movement Ataxia is manifest not only in the wide-based, unsteady, "drunken" gait of patients but also in defects of the skilled movements involved in the production of speech, so that slurred, scanning speech results. Voluntary movements a... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Premalignant lesion of oral cavity includes -a) Erythroplakiab) Fordyce's spotc) Leukoplakiad) Keratoacanthoma e) Aphthous ulcer | [
"a",
"bc",
"ac",
"b"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
In brachytherapy of carcinoma cervix, dose of radiation to Point A is | [
"1000 rad",
"4000 rad",
"6000 rad",
"8000 rad"
] | D | Point A: 2cm cephalic and lateral to the external os It is the point of crossing of uterine aery and ureter It receives 7000-8000cGy Point B: 2cm cephalic and 5cm lateral at the same plane and is approximately the site of obturator gland It receives 2000cGy initially and rest of dose supplemented by external beam irrad... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Thayer Main medium is used for ? | [
"Legionella",
"Meningococcus",
"Pneumococcus",
"Mycoplasma"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Meningococcus | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is not a criteria for overcrowding - | [
"No. of persons",
"Sex separation",
"Door and window",
"Floor space"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Door and window Overcrowdingo Overcrowding is a health problem in human dwellings. It may promote the spread of respiratory infections such as tuberculosis, influenza and diphtheria. High morbidity and mortality rates are observed where housing conditions are substandard. The accepted standards with r... | train | med_mcqa | null |
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