question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The following statement is TRUE for Pityriasis Rosea: | [
"Self limiting",
"Chronic relapsing",
"Life threatening infection",
"Caused by dermatophytes"
] | A | Pityriasis rosea is an acute exanthematous papulosquamous eruption often with a characteristic self limiting course. The etiology is not known (It is not caused by dermatophytes). It is present during the spring and fall. Ref: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 16thEdition Page 292; Roxburgh's-Common Skin disea... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Simple method to evaluate the plaque after a thorough brushing can be done by ? | [
"Snyder Test",
"Sand Paper Strips",
"Disclosing Solution",
"Unwaxed Floss"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The oxygen hemoglobin dissociation curve is sigmoid because | [
"Binding of one oxygen molecule increases the affinity of binding other O2 molecules",
"Binding of one oxygen molecule decrease the affinity of binding other O2 molecules",
"Oxygen affinity of Hemoglobin decreases when the pH of blood falls",
"Binding of oxygen to hemoglobin reduces the affinity of Hb for CO2... | A | Co-operativity- Hb is a tetramer. If one molecule of O2 binds to the tetramer more easily if another O2 is already bound. Since it is most difficult for the first molecule of O2 to bind to Hb, the shape becomes sigmoid. | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about first order kinetics of elimination - | [
"Constant amount of drug is eliminated",
"Rate of elimination is not related to plasma concentration",
"Clearance remains constant",
"Half life decreases with decreased concentration"
] | C | Ans. C. Clearance remains constantFirst order kinetics:Rate of elimination is directly propoional to Plasma Concentration.Clearance remains constant -Due to increasing plasma concentration, increases the rate of elimination propoionately.(CL = rate of elimination / Plasma Conc).Half life remains constant -Due to time r... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which vaccine is not given in AIDS patients | [
"DPT",
"BCG",
"Rabies",
"Measles"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ring worm fungi live in | [
"Stratum Corneum",
"Dermis",
"Prickle Cell layer",
"Basal Cell layer"
] | A | A i.e. Stratum corneum Dermatophytosis is caused by trichophyton, epidermophyton & microsporumQ; and it infects superficial topmost layer of skin (stratum corneum or keratin layer), hair and nailsQ. Cutaneous mycosis (Tenia or Ring worm or Dermatophytosis) infect stratum corneum, hair & nailsQ and do not penetrate livi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 65 year old female attended th Ohopaedics OPD with a chief complaint of chronic back ache. The radiograph of lumbar spine is obtained. What could be the most probable diagnosis? | [
"Rheumatoid Ahritis",
"Osteoporosis",
"Renal Osteodystrophy",
"Paget's Disease"
] | B | The given history of back pain in a 65 year old female with the above given radiograph points towards the diagnosis of Osteoporosis. Radiograph shows multiple endplate compression fractures throughout the lumbar veebra. The term fishmouth veebra / codfish veebra have been used to describe the biconcave appearance (give... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cellular adaptation is maintained even after liver is partially resected is known as:(6-R) | [
"Hyperplasia",
"Hypertrophy",
"Metaplasia",
"Dysplasia"
] | A | (Hyperplasia): Ref: 6-R (4- Basic pathology 8th)HYPERPLASIA(Hyperplasia is an increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue, usually resulting in increased volume of the organ or tissue)|||Physiologic HyperplasiaPathologic Hyperplasia1. Hormonal HyperplasiaEg. (i) Breast at puberty and during pregnancy(ii) Preg... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Open fracture is treated by | [
"Tourniquet",
"Internal fixation",
"Debridement",
"External fixation"
] | C | C i.e. Debridement | train | med_mcqa | null |
The BODE index, a simple multidimensional grading system, is better than the FEV1 at predicting the risk of death from any cause and from respiratory causes among patients with COPD. Which of the following is not the component of BODE index? | [
"BMI",
"Oxygen requirement",
"Dyspnoea",
"Exercise performance"
] | B | BODE index includesBMIAirflow ObstructionDyspnoeaExercise performance | train | med_mcqa | null |
Salivary glands are: | [
"Merocrine.",
"Apocrine.",
"Holocrine.",
"Endocrine."
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
According to biophysics, in which pa of eye does maximum refraction occur? | [
"Cornea",
"Aqueous humor",
"Centre of the lens",
"Periphery of the lens"
] | A | Cornea The cornea is the first and most powerful refracting surface of the eye. Light passes through the transparent cornea on its way to the retina. It has a greater curvature than the rest of the eyeball and a refractive power of approximately 44 dioptres. | train | med_mcqa | null |
"Crumbled egg appearance" in liver seen in | [
"Hepatic adenoma",
"Chronic amoebic liver abscess",
"Hydatid liver disease",
"Haemangioma"
] | C | HYDATID CYST OF LIVER -Word meaning is 'dew drop' (Latin). In Greek, it means watery vesicle'. Camellotte sign: Following intra biliary rupture, gas enters into cyst causing paial collapse of the cyst wall. CT scan abdomen is more accurate in identifying cyst characteristics - cawheel like - multivesicular rosette-like... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The influence of maternal smoking and LBW incidence is studied. Detailed smoking history is taken at first antenatal visit and smoking history and birth weight were studied later. The type of study is | [
"Retrospective cohort study",
"Cross sectional study",
"Clinical trial",
"Prospective cohort study"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient with M of 4 yrs duration presents with dizziness and HR 52/min, probable cause isa) Hypoglycaemiab) Inferior wall MIc) Sick-sinus syndromed) Autonomic dysfunction | [
"bcd",
"acd",
"ac",
"bd"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
the most common pathology of acute renal failure ? | [
"DPGN",
"RPGN",
"ATN",
"allergic interstitial nephritis"
] | D | Acute renal failure (ARF) - acute kidney injury AK1 is a sudden and usually reversible loss of renal function which develops over days or weeks and is usually accompanied by a reduction in urine volume. - A rasied creatinine level can be due to acute, acute on chronic of chronic kidney disease. Treatment of Acute Renal... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mesosomes in bacteria are functional unit for - | [
"Lipid storage",
"Protein synthesis",
"Respiratory enzymes",
"carbohydrate breakdown"
] | C | Mesosomes: These are vesicular convoluted or multilaminated structures formed as invagination of the plasma membrane into the cytoplasm. Mesosomes are of two types--septal and lateral. Mesosomes are analogous to the mitochondria of Eukaryotes and are the principal sites of respiratory enzymes in bacteria. | train | med_mcqa | null |
OCPs cause | [
"Hepatic adenoma",
"Cancer Cervix",
"Hepatic vein thrombosis",
"All"
] | D | Ans. is a, b and c i.e. Hepatic adenoma; Cancer cervix; and Hepatic vein thrombosis Lets, see the causes of Hepatic vein thrombosis (Budd-Chiari syndrome). Polycythemia rubra vera, Myeloproliferative syndromes, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria OCP use Other hypercoagulable states Invasion of IVC by tumor, such as Re... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient is diagnosed with carcinoma of the breast. The most important prognostic factor in the treatment of this disease is | [
"Age at diagnosis",
"Size of tumor",
"Axillary metastases",
"Estrogen receptors on the tumor"
] | C | Recognition of the high risk associated with axillary metastases for early death and poor 5-year survival has led to the use of postsurgical adjuvant chemotherapy in these patients. Patients who have estrogen- or progesterone-receptive tumors (i.e., receptor present or receptor-positive) are particular candidates for t... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vitamin K dependent clotting factors are : | [
"Factor IX and X",
"Factor IV",
"Factor XII",
"Factor I"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following tumor has increased activity of C-KIT? | [
"Granulosa cell tumor",
"Embryonal carcinoma",
"Seminoma",
"Chriocarcinoma"
] | C | Overexpression of C-KIT is seen in
a) Seminoma
b) Melanoma
c) AML
d) GIST | train | med_mcqa | null |
Treatment of choice of stage III CIN in 40 year old female is : | [
"Hysterectomy",
"Laser coagulation",
"Cryocoagulation",
"Cone excision"
] | A | Ans. is a i.e. Hysterectomy Before discussing the answer to this questions lets first have a look at the treatment modalities available in case of CIN Modalities for management of CIN Ablative procedures Cryotherapy * Loop electro surgical * Hysterectomy Laser Vaporisation Therapy excision (LEEP) * Conisation Ablative ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Anatomic cross bite in contrast to functional cross bite usually demonstrates: | [
"Smooth closure to centric occlusion",
"Deviated closure to centric occlusion",
"Marked wear facets",
"Symmetrical arches"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Absent parathyroid, thymic aplasia with immunodeficiency and heart defects are features of | [
"Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome",
"Pendred syndrome",
"Digeorge syndrome",
"Lesch-Nyhan syndrome"
] | C | Ans. c (Di george syndrome) (Ref. Harrison's medicine 17th ed., Ch. 310)22q11 deletion syndromes:# DiGeorge syndrome --thymic, parathyroid, and cardiac defects. Occurs Due to aberrant development of 3rd and 4th branchial pouches. Cleft palate, Abnormal facies, Thymic aplasia T-cell deficiency, Cardiac defects, Hypocalc... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Contribution of employees to ESIS corporation is______ % of wages.(MHPGM CET 2008) | [
"1.50%",
"1.75%",
"1.25%",
"2%"
] | B | Ans. b (1.75%) (Ref. Text book of PSM by Park 22nd/ 760; style="font-size: 1.04761904761905em; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif">)ESI Act -1948: Benefit to both employee and employer.# Employer contributes 4.75% of total wage bill.0# While, the employee contributes 1.75% of wages.0# The state share on medical... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about Mooren's ulcer: | [
"Painless",
"Affects cornea",
"Sudden loss of vision",
"Bilateral in majority of cases"
] | B | Mooren's ulcer Affects cornea Painful condition Slow loss of vision Mostly unilateral Peripheral corneal ulceration Clear cut overhanging edge seems to be melting from periphery | train | med_mcqa | null |
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are useful in congestive heart failure as: | [
"First choice drugs unless contraindicated",
"An alternative to diuretics",
"A substitute for digitalis",
"Adjuncts only in resistant cases"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Causes of hyperkalemia includes all except- | [
"Crush syndrome",
"Haemolysis",
"Renal failure",
"Intestinal obstruction"
] | D | CAUSES OF HYPERKALEMIA I Pseudohyperkalemia A. Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis B. Hereditary defects in red cell membrane transpo II. Intra- to extracellular shift A. Acidosis B. Hyperosmolality; radiocontrast, hypeonic dextrose, mannitol C. b2-Adrenergic antagonists (n... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following changes would be most consistent with the diagnosis of choriocarcinoma? | [
"Increased B-HCG",
"Increased alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)",
"Increased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)",
"Decreased AFP"
] | A | Gestational trophoblastic disease may involve hydatidiform mole, choriocarcinoma, or placental trophoblastic tumor. Trophoblastic tissue produces B-HCG and thus B-HCG is elevated in all these conditions. AFP is increased in neural tube defect setting when screening at 15-18 weeks gestation. AFP may be decreased in Down... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Glasgow coma scale -moderate includes | [
"9-Mar",
"<3",
"12-Sep",
">12"
] | C | Ans. (c) 9-12Ref: Schwartz 10th Edition Page 1718* Severe head injury - 3 to 8* Moderate head injury - 9 to 12* Mild head injury -13 to 15 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Looser's zone occurs in | [
"Pubic rami",
"Femoral neck",
"Ribs",
"All the above"
] | D | Looser's zone or pseudofracture typically occurs in, pubic rami, Femoral neck, medial border of scapulae, ribs, metatarsals and long bones. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 48-years old woman comes with bilateral progressive weakness of both lower limbs, spasticity and mild impairment of respiratory movements. MRI shows an intradural mid-dorsal midline enhancing lesion. What is the diagnosis? | [
"Intradural lipoma",
"Meningioma",
"Neuroenteric cyst",
"Dermoid cyst"
] | B | Ans. (b) MeningiomaCNS tumors can be Intra axial or Extra axial:Intra axial:* Neuronal* Astrocytoma* Lymphoma Extra axial:* Pituitary* Schwannoma* Meningioma | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is the commonest nerve injury due to the effect of same position for a long time during general anaesthesia? | [
"Common peroneal nerve",
"Brachial plexus injuries",
"Ulnar neuropathies",
"None of the above"
] | C | Nerve injuries may occur as a complication of various positions under anesthesia. Ulnar neuropathies are the most common. Risk factors include male gender, extremes of body weight, and prolonged hospitalization. The common peroneal nerve may be injured by pressure at the fibular head in the lithotomy position (feet in ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not a feature of CBD stone | [
"Pain",
"Jaundice",
"Fever",
"Septic shock"
] | D | Clinical features of CBD stone CBD stone may be silent and are often discovered incidentally. In these patients, biliary colic, jaundice, clay coloured stools and darkening of the urine Fever and chills may be present in patients with choledocholithiasis and cholangitis Serum bilirubin, aminotransferases, and ALP are c... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Treatment of hormone dependent fungating carcinoma of breast with secondaries in the lung in a female patient aged 30 years is - | [
"Simple mastectomy followed by oophorectomy",
"Radical mastectomy followed by oophorectomy",
"Adrenalectomy",
"Lumpectomy followed by castration"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are true about Keratoconus, except: | [
"Increased curvature of cornea",
"Astigmatism",
"K.F ring cornea",
"Thick cornea"
] | D | The main pathological changes in Keratoconus are thinning and ectasia of the lens which occur as a result of defective synthesis of mucopolysaccharide and collagen tissue. REF : AK KHURANA 7TH ed. | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true about silicosis except? | [
"Bifringent crystals seen",
"Pleural plaque seen",
"Lower lobe is ussualy involved",
"Most common pnemoconiosis"
] | C | Ans. (c) Lower lobe is ussualy involved(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 689; 8th/pg 687)Silicosis involves upper lobe more commonly than lower lobe. Examination of the nodules by polarized microscopy reveals the birefringent silicate particles (silica is weakly birefringent). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Moro&;s Reflex as ahown above, disappears at | [
"3 months",
"5 months",
"6 months",
"7 months"
] | C | Moro&;s reflex disappears by 3 - 6 months in normal infants. Persistence of the reflex after 6 months and absence or diminution of the Moro reflex within 2 to 3 months of age can be regarded as abnormal. Asymmetry of the response is usually a sign of local injury. Reference : page 142 Ghai Essential Pediatrics 8th edit... | train | med_mcqa | null |
luorescence is used in assessment of levels of which hormone commonly - | [
"Thyroid",
"Steroid",
"Catecholamines",
"Leutenising releasing hormone"
] | A | (A) (Thyroid) (Internet)Fluoroscopy is used in assessment of all the hormones.Fluorescence spectroscopy aka fluorometry or spectrofluorometry, is a type of electromagnetic spectroscopy which analyzes fluoescence from a sample. It involves using a beam of light, usually ultraviolet light that excites the electrons in mo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cadaveric spasm | [
"Instant in onset",
"Confined to a small group of muscle",
"Occurs only in voluntary muscles",
"All of the above"
] | D | (D) All of the above # Cadaveric Spasm or Instantaneous Rigor: Cadaveric spasm (cataleptic rigidity) is a rare condition.> In this, the muscles that were contracted during life become stiff and rigid immediately after death without passing into the stage of primary relaxation.> Usually limited to a limited group of vol... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Botulinum toxin act by: | [
"Synthesis of Ach.",
"inhibits Ach release.",
"Secretion of Ach.",
"None of the above."
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common cause of intracranial haemorrhage is: | [
"Sub arachnoid haemorrhage",
"Intracerebral hemorrhage",
"Subdural haemorrhage",
"Extradural haemorrhage"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' Intracerebral Haemorrhage Intracerebral hemorrhage is the most common type of intracranial hemorrhage.Most common cause of intraparenchymal hemorrhage is hypertension* Most common artery involved in intraparenchymal hemorrhage -Lenticulostriate arteries*Most common site of intracerebral hemorrhage due to hy... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Patient can be diagnosed for improper oral hygiene maintenance by | [
"Proper dietary history",
"Disclosing agents",
"Lactobacillus count",
"Swab test"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A method of strangulation where neck is constricted using bamboo sticks is called | [
"Mugging",
"Garroting",
"Bansdola",
"Throttling"
] | C | Refer the byte "Hanging and Strangulation". | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hampton hump is seen in: | [
"Pulmonary TB",
"Bronchogenic carcinoma",
"Pulmonary embolism",
"Pulmonary hemorrhage"
] | C | Ans. (c) Pulmonary embolismRef: Harrison 19th ed. /1633HAMPTON HUMP is a radiologic sign which consists of a shallow wedge-shaped opacity in the periphery of the lung with its base against the pleural surface. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A newborn vomits after each feeding of milk-based formula, and does not gain weight. Biochemical testing reveals a severe deficiency of galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase, consistent with homozygosity. If this condition goes untreated, what is the likely outcome for this patient? | [
"Benign disease except for cataract formation",
"Chronic emphysema appearing in early adulthood",
"Chronic renal failure appearing in adolescence",
"Death in infancy"
] | D | Galactosemia occurs in two very different clinical forms. Deficiency of galactokinase produces very mild disease with the only significant complication being cataract formation. In contrast, homozygous deficiency of galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase produces severe disease culminating in death in infancy. In addi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mechanism of aspirin action is | [
"Conves inactive plasminogen into active plasmin",
"Inhibits COX and thus thromboxane synthesis",
"Enhances the interaction between antitrombin III and both thrombin and the factors involved in the intrinsic clotting cascade",
"Inhibits the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex"
] | B | Aspirin inhibits the synthesis of thromboxane A2 by irreversible acetylation of the enzyme cyclooxygenase.Other salicylates and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs also inhibit cyclooxygenase but have a shoer duration of inhibitory action because they cannot acetylate cyclooxygenase; that is, their action is reversibl... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Paraneoplastic symdrome is not associated with any kind of antibody mediated- | [
"Stiff Pearson syndrome",
"Necrotizing myelopathy",
"Limbic encephalopathy",
"Eaton Lambe syndrome"
] | B | Answer is option 2 In paraneoplastic syndrome, there is Myelopathy, occurring as the main neurological syndrome, is less common. As with LE and BE, it may be pa of a more widespread encephalomyelitis. Rarely, it can progress with astonishing rapidity in the context of a necrotising myelopathy. Pathologically there is e... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is a variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma? | [
"Columnar cell",
"Insular",
"Huhle cell carcinoma",
"Medullary"
] | A | Variants of papillary carcinoma thyroid : Pure papillary Follicular variant Diffuse sclerosing variant Tall cell, Columnar cell variant Insular and huhle cell carcinoma are variant of follicular carcinoma of thyroid. Medullary cell carcinoma is carcinoma arising from C cell. Ref: Harrison 17/e, Page 2242. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Neurovascular bundle of anterior compament of leg passes between the tendons of | [
"Extensor hallucis longus and Extensor digitorum longus",
"Extensor digitorum longus and peroneus teius",
"Tibialis anterior and Extensor hallucis longus",
"Tibialis anterior and Extensor digitorum longus"
] | A | ANTERIOR COMPAMENT( leg):- Muscles:-1. Tibialis anterior 2. Extensor hallucis longus3. Extensor digitorum longus 4. Peroneus teius. Aery:anterior tibial aery.The blood supply of anterior compament is reinforced by the perforating branch of peroneal aery. Nerve:-Deep peroneal nerve. Arrangement:-From medial to lateral-T... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In cholesterol transpo which is not needed | [
"Liver",
"Kidney",
"Intestine",
"Fat"
] | B | Cholesterol in the diet is absorbed from the intestine, and in company with other lipids, are incorporated int "chylomicrons" and also to some extent 'VLDL'. Of the cholesterol absorbed, 80 to 90 percent in the lymph is esterified with long-chain FA. Esterification may occur in the intestinal mucosa. In man, the total ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following statement is not true about postburn neck contracture | [
"Occur because of conservative management of deep burn",
"Treated by flaps",
"Oblliteration of cervicomental angle",
"Never develop in deep dermal burn"
] | A | Post burn neck contracture Cervical contractures are major problems in burns involving the chest, neck & face Severe neck flexion contracture in the acute phase often require early reconstruction to aid in airway management Neck contractures should usually be dealt with prior to facial burn reconstruction as the extrin... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are features of Fournier's Gangrene except | [
"Testicles are involved",
"Obliterative aeritis seen",
"Hemolytic streptococci, isolated",
"Necrotizing fascitis"
] | A | Idiopathic scrotal gangrene also called Fournier's gangrene is a vascular gangrene of infective origin, caused by hemolytic streptococci, microaerophilic streptococci, staphylococci, E.coli, Cl.welchii, Bacteroides fragilis. It is common in diabetics, old age, malnourished and immunosuppressed. It can follow minor inju... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Thoracic duct terminates into the left brachiocephalic vein at the junction of ? | [
"External jugular vein and subclan vein",
"Internal jugular vein and subclan vein",
"External jugular vein and brachiocephalic vein",
"Internal jugular vein and brachiocephalic vein"
] | B | Thoracic duct stas as an upward continuation of cistern chyle which is situated in front of bodies of L1 and L2 veebrae. It ends in the left brachiocephalic vein, at the junction of left internal jugular vein and left subclan vein. Thoracic duct is the largest and elongated common lymphatic channel which conveys lymph ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The burrows in scabies are present in NOT RELATED - DERMATOLOGY | [
"Stratum basale",
"Stratum granulosum",
"Stratum corneum",
"Dermis"
] | C | a. The female mite excavates a small burrow in which copulation takes place.b. After copulation, the feilized female enlarges the burrow and begins laying eggs. The burrow is mainly confined to stratum corneum, but it is also inclined downwards into the epidermis.c. About 4050 eggs are laid by each female during a life... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Digitalic toxicity produce the following changes in ECG except - | [
"Inveed T wave",
"Prolonged QT interval",
"ST depression",
"Prolonged PR interval"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Prolongation of QT interval ECG changes produced by digitalis o First see the relation of ECG and cardiac cycle. P wave represents atrial depolarization. QRS complex represents ventricular depolarization. PR interval represents conduction through AV node. QT interval corrosponds with ventricular depol... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Renin is synthesized as a large preprohormone: Renin is secreted by which among the following? | [
"PCT",
"DCT",
"Collecting duct",
"Juxtaglomerular apparatus"
] | D | Ans. D. Juxtaglomerular apparatusActive renin:In the juxtaglomerular apparatus and is formed in the secretory granules of the granular cells. Only known function of its is to cleave the decapeptide angiotensin I from the amino terminal end of angiotensinogen i.e. renin substrate. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is NOT an adverse effect of excessive mineralocorticoid action ? | [
"Na+ and water retention",
"Acidosis",
"Aggravation of CHF associated myocardial fibrosis",
"Rise in blood pressure"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
2-3 DPG is decreased in ? | [
"Anemia",
"Acidosis",
"High altitude",
"Exercise"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., AcidosisFactors which decrease 2,3 DPG and cause left shift of O2 dissociation curve are :-i) Acidosisii) Stored bloodiii) Fetal hemoglobin | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are associated with Caroli's disease, EXCEPT: | [
"Biliary atresia",
"Cholangiocarcinoma",
"Biliary lithiasis",
"Biliary abscess"
] | A | Caroli's disease is a syndrome of congenital ductal plate malformations of the intrahepatic bile ducts and is characterized by segmental cystic dilatation of the intrahepatic biliary radicals. Caroli's disease also is associated with an increased incidence of biliary lithiasis, cholangitis, and biliary abscess formatio... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bouquet of Flowers appearance is seen in? | [
"ADPKD",
"ARPKD",
"Horse Shoe Kidney",
"Medullary sponge kidney"
] | D | Medullary sponge kidney: Shows Bouquet of Flowers appearance in IVP Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease Swiss cheese appearance on nephrogram Spider leg appearance on pyelogram Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease Shows striated nephrogram | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug of choice for ventricular arrhythmia due to myocardial infarction is | [
"Quinidine",
"Amiodarone",
"Xylocaine",
"Diphenylhydantoin"
] | C | Refer kDT 6/e p 519 Drug of choice for ventricular arrhythmias with myocardial infarction is lignocaine Drug of choice for supraventricular arrhythmia after myocardial infection is beta blockers cardiac function is adequate | train | med_mcqa | null |
The conversion of an optically pure isomer (enantiomer) into a mixture of equal amounts of both dextrose and levo forms is called as | [
"Polymerization",
"Stereoisomerization",
"Racemization",
"Fractionation"
] | C | When an equal amount of d & l isomers are present, the resulting mixture has no optical activity since the activities of each isomer cancel each other. Such a mixture is said to be `Racemic' or (DL) mixture
"The transformation of half of the molecules of an optically active enantiomer (pure isomer) into molecules whic... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are pharmacological effects of benzodiazepine except- | [
"Anxiolysis",
"Sedation",
"Retrograde amnesia",
"Anticonvulsant action"
] | C | Benzodiazepines are drugs that exe in slightly varying degrees, five principles pharmacologic effects: 1. Anxiolysis 2. Sedation 3. Anticonvulsant actions 4. Skeletal muscle relaxation 5. Anterograde amnesia | train | med_mcqa | null |
Severe destruction of DNA can be tested by: | [
"ELISA",
"PCR",
"STR",
"Western blot"
] | B | PCR is an in vitro method for amplifying a selected DNA sequence that does not rely on the biologic (in vivo) cloning method.
PCR permits the synthesis of millions of copies of a specific nucleotide sequence in a few hours.
It can amplify the sequence, even when the targeted sequence makes up less than one part in a ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Quick Reduction of blood pressure is done in | [
"Cerebral infarct",
"Hypertensive encephalopathy",
"Myocardial infarction",
"Any patient with hypertension"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common complication of scaphoid fracture- | [
"Malunion",
"Avascular necrosis of proximal part",
"Wriststiffners",
"Arthritis"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Avascular necrosis Complication of scaphoid fracture o Fractures of the scaphoid bone, even when undisplaced, are potentially troublesome and the incidence of complications is high, o The most important complications are :- Delayed union Non-union Avascular necrosis Osteoarthritis of wrist "AVN is the... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is the best indicator of longterm nutritional status? | [
"Mid arm circumference",
"Height for age",
"Weight for age",
"Weight for height"
] | B | Height-for-age (or length-for-age for children <2 yr) is a measure of linear growth, and a deficit represents the cumulative impact of adverse events, usually in the first 1,000 days from conception, that result in stunting, or chronic malnutrition. A low height-for-age typically reflects socioeconomic disadvantage. A ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A medical student, whose baseline alveolar PCO2 level was 40 mm Hg, begins to voluntarily hyperventilate for an experiment during his respiratory physiology laboratory. If his alveolar ventilation quadruples and his CO2 production remains constant, approximately what will be his alveolar PCO2? | [
"4 mm Hg",
"10 mm Hg",
"20 mm Hg",
"80 mm Hg"
] | B | When you hyperventilate, CO2 is blown off. The amount of CO2 blown off is inversely propoional to alveolar ventilation. This is shown by the alveolar ventilation equation: VA = VCO2/PACO2, where VA = alveolar ventilation VCO2 = CO2 production PACO2 = alveolar PCO2 So, if VCO2 remains the same, and VA quadruples, PACO2 ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Macromolecules in Dental Resin is attached by: | [
"Covalent bonds",
"Sonic bonds",
"Vander Wall's Forces",
"Hydrogen Bonds"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Inflammatory mediator of generalised systemic inflammation is | [
"IL1",
"IL2",
"Interferon alpha",
"TNF"
] | A | ref Robbins 8/e p57 ; 61 ,7/e p71 ,9/e p86 | train | med_mcqa | null |
A children presents with running nose, breathlessness, family history positive, Most likely diagnosis is ? | [
"Bronchiolitis",
"Viral pneumonia",
"Bronchial asthma",
"None"
] | C | The given features are suggestive of bronchial asthma. Clinical presentation Wheezing, dyspnea and cough. Variable -- both spontaneously and with therapy. Tenaceous mucus production. Symptoms worse at night. Nonproductive cough Limitation of activity Signs Inc. respiratory rate,with use of accessory muscles Hyper-reson... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following segments of liver drains into right hepatic duct EXCEPT: | [
"I",
"III",
"V",
"VIII"
] | B | Segment III belongs to left liver and drains bile into left (not right) hepatic duct. Right liver has segment V, VI, VII and VIII which drain into right hepatic duct. Caudate lobe (segment I) drains into both right and left hepatic duct. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Best way to control houseflies - | [
"Eliminate breeding places",
"Insectiside spray",
"Net use",
"None"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' Le., Eliminate breeding places o The best way to control houseflies is to eliminate their breeding places and to bring about an overall improvement in the environmental sanitation on a community-wide basis,o 'Houseflies should be regarded as a sign of insanitation r and their number as index of that sanitat... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which nerve is affected in Saturday Night Palsy? | [
"Radial nerve",
"Ulnar nerve",
"Anterior Interosseus nerve",
"Median nerve"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Radial nerve Saturday night palsy (weekend palsy)* In this condition, there is compression of the radial nerve between spiral groove and the lateral intermuscular septum.* It is known after an event which typically happens on a Saturday night weekend when in an inebriated condition, a person slump wit... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In low dose aspirin acts on : | [
"Cyclooxygenase",
"Thromboxane A, synthase",
"PGI2 synthase",
"Lipoxygenase"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is the most severe form of Diptheria | [
"Nasal",
"Cutaneous",
"Nasopharynx",
"Laryngopharynx"
] | D | Ref: Harrisons, 19th ed. pg. 978* Diptheria is a nasopharyngeal and skin infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Toxigenic strains of C. diphtheria produce a protein toxin that causes systemic toxicity, myocarditis, and polyneuropathy.* The toxigenic strains cause pharyngeal diphtheria, while the non-toxigenic... | train | med_mcqa | null |
46 years old male Ashwath, comes to your OPD and while giving history suddenly becomes blank and blames that your stole his thoughts. Diagnosis | [
"Thought block",
"Thought withdrawal",
"Neologism",
"Perseverration"
] | B | It is a disorder of thought possession. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Healthy human volunteers are the Unit of study in ___ Phase of Clinical trial:- | [
"Phase I",
"Phase II",
"Phase III",
"Phase IV"
] | A | Phase Unit of study Purpose Phase 0 Healthy human volunteers Micro-dosing Phase 1 Healthy human volunteers Safety and non-toxicity profile Phase II Patients Effectiveness Phase III Patients Comparison with existing drugs Phase IV Patients Long term side effects / post marketing | train | med_mcqa | null |
In sarcoidosis the following is true - | [
"Epitheloid cells showing caseation",
"Epitheloid cell- with no caseation",
"Histocytic cells-with caseation",
"Well differenciated histiocytic cells"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Epitheloid cell-with no caseation | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sodium nitroprusside infusion may result in: | [
"Hypeension",
"Pulmonary oedema",
"Cyanide toxicity",
"Hea block"
] | C | C i.e. Cyanide toxicity Sodium nitropruside has five cyanide groups within its structure and cyanide toxicityQ is a problem if it is used is high doses. Its formula is Na2[Fe(CN)5NOJX2H2O | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is NOT a content of medial wall of middle ear: | [
"Oval window",
"Round window",
"Processus cochleariformis",
"Aditus ad antrum"
] | D | Ans. (d) Aditus ad antrumReft Dhingra's ENT 6th edj 5-6* Aditus ad antrum is located on posterior wall. It is a doorway to antrum of mastoid.* Antrum is largest mastoid air cell. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 30-year-old female presents with a 3-month history of 10kg weight loss despite an increased appetite. She also complains of anxiety, diarrhea and amenorrhea. Examination reveals a fine tremor, brisk reflexes and a systolic murmur heard throughout the precordium. A urine pregnancy screen was negative. What is the most... | [
"Pulsus paradoxus",
"Collapsing pulse",
"Irregularly irregular pulse",
"Pulsus alternans"
] | C | Female, weight loss in spite of appetite, amenorrhea, tremors, brisk reflexes are features of Thyrotoxicosis Option A- Pulses Paradoxus is feature of C. Tamponade it is ruled out Option B- Collapsing pulse- Rapidly rising pulse, which collapses suddenly as aerial pressure falls rapidly, during late systole and diastole... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A neurosurgeon performs a surgical resection of a rare meningeal tumor in the sacral region. He tries to avoid an injury of the nerve that arises from the lumbosacral plexus and remains within the abdominal or pelvic cavity. To which of the following nerves should he pay paicular attention | [
"Ilioinguinal nerve",
"Genitofemoral nerve",
"Lumbosacral trunk",
"Femoral nerve"
] | C | The Lumbosacral trunk is formed by pa of the ventral ramus of the fouh lumbar nerve and the ventral ramus of the fifth lumbar nerve. This trunk contributes to the formation of the sacral plexus by joining the ventral ramus of the first sacral nerve in the pelvic cavity and does not leave the pelvic cavity. All other ne... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Proton pump inhibitors are most effective when they are given - | [
"After meals",
"Sholy before meals",
"Along with H2 blockers",
"During prolonged fasting periods"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Sholy before meals o Bioavailibility of all PPIs is reduced by food; they should be taken in empty stomach, followed 1 hour later by a meal to activate 1-1+ ATPase and make it more susceptible to the PPI. o PPIs should be administered approximately 1 hour before a meal (usually breakfast) so that the ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The thickness of matrix band is | [
"0.015- 0.02 inch",
"0.0015 — 0.002 inch",
"0.0015 — 0.002 mm",
"0.015 — 0.02 mm"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is/are true about rat bite -a) Vaccinate with antirabies vaccineb) Give tetanus toxoidc) Rarely need rabies immunoglobulind) Wash with soape) Use antiseptic cream | [
"abd",
"acd",
"cde",
"ade"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Attachment to the first rib is all Except | [
"Scalenius-anterior",
"Scalenius-posterior",
"Scalenius-medius",
"Suprapleural membrane"
] | B | B. i.e. Scalenius posterior | train | med_mcqa | null |
An old lady had history of fall in bathroom once and could not move afterwards, she had led in externally rotated position, there was tenderness in scarpas triangle, no hip fracture was seen on x - ray, next step is | [
"CT",
"MRI",
"USCT",
"PET scan"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
APGAR stands for | [
"Appearance, Pulse rate, Growth, Activity, Respiratory rate",
"Appearance, Pulse rate, Grimace, Activity, Respiratory rate",
"Appearance, Pulse rate, Grimace, Activity, Respiratory effort.",
"Activity, Pulse rate, Grimace, Activity, Respiratory effort."
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hematuria may occur in snake bite of - | [
"Viper",
"Cobra",
"Sea snake",
"Krait"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Karyotyping under light microscopy is done by: | [
"R banding",
"Q banding",
"G banding",
"C banding"
] | C | G banding Ref: Robbins 7/e p170; Also see q no. 29 of May 2007 "The study of chromosomes--kwyotyping--is the basic tool of the cytogeneticist. The usual procedure of producing a chromosome spread is to arrest mitosis in dividing cells in metaphase by the use of mitotic spindle inhibitors (e.g.. colcemid) and then to st... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Alkalinity of urine is done in - | [
"Barbiturate poisoning",
"Lithium toxicity",
"Alprazolam overdose",
"Diazepam toxicity"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Barbiturate poisoning Alkanization of urine o Acidic drugs are more ionized (lipid insoluble / polar / water soluble) at alkaline pH. So, they cannot be absorbed from tubular lumen, i.e. their excretion by kidney is enhanced by alkanization of urine. Such acidic drugs are Barbiturates and Salicylate. ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Branches of which of the following aery provides main blood supply to the medial pa of the breast? | [
"Lateral thoracic aery",
"Acromio Thoracic aery",
"Internal mammary aery",
"Posterior intercostal aeries"
] | C | Twigs from the perforating cutaneous branches of internal mammary aery in the second, third and fouh intercostal spaces supply the medial pa of the breast.Branches of the lateral thoracic aery supplies the lateral pa of the gland.Pectoral branches of acromiothoracic aery and superior thoracic aeries provide additional ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about AJCC staging of oral cavity carcinoma -a) Involvement of pterygoid plate in stage T3 b) Involvement of pterygoid plate in stage T4 c) Involvement of lateral pterygoid muscle in stage T4 d) Involvement of medial pterygoid muscle in stage T3 | [
"a",
"c",
"ac",
"bc"
] | D | The 'T' classification is specific to different sites of origin.
I am going to mention 'T' classification of the oral cavity and oropharynx, as anterior two third of the tongue lies in oral cavity and the base of the tongue in the oropharynx.
Oral cavity consists of the lip, floor of the mouth, oral tongue (anterior 2/... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Gottron papules are seen in- | [
"Dermatomyositis",
"Inclusion body myositis",
"Polymyositis",
"DLE"
] | A | Ans. is `a' i.e., Dermatomyositis | train | med_mcqa | null |
Linkage disequilibrium refers to? | [
"Never co-inherited gene",
"Inherited but not with disease causing gene",
"Genetic mutations",
"Co-inherited with the disease causing gene"
] | D | Ans. (d) Co-inherited with the disease causing gene(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 3)Even if any SNP has no effect on gene function (Neutral SNP) Q, it may be co-inherited with the "actual disease causing gene," if located close to that gene. This is called "Linkage disequilibrium" Q | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 74 yr old male patient was brought to the OPD by his daughter complaining of urinary incontinence and ataxia, also he has difficulty in calculating simple arithemetics and memory loss. What is the probable diagnosis | [
"Normal pressure hydrocephalus",
"Vascular dementia",
"VIT B12 dofficiency",
"Tabes dorsalis"
] | A | CLINICAL FEATURES IN NORMAL PRESSURE HYDROCEPHALUS Difficulty walking. This problem can be mild or severe. ... Dementia. This often involves confusion, sho-term memory loss/forgetfulness, trouble paying attention, changes in mood, and a lack of interest in daily activities. Problems with bladder control. REF : HARRISON... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The Meckel&;s diverticulum is situated at a maximum distance of about____ cm from the ileocecal valve - | [
"25",
"60",
"75",
"100"
] | D | Meckel diverticulum, caused by persistence of the vitelline duct and, on the antimesenteric ileal border, 60 to 100 cm from the ileocecal valve in adults. It is the most common and the most clinically significant congenital anomaly of the small intestine. Two thirds of patients are younger than 2 years. The omphalomese... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Anesthetic agent contraindicated in raised ICT is? | [
"Ketamine",
"Sevoflurane",
"Thiopentone",
"Etomidate"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Ketamine * Ketamine increases cerebral metabolic rate, cerebral blood flow and intracranial tension.Neurophysiology and anaesthesiaA. Intravenous inducing anaesthetics# All intravenous inducing agents except for ketamine (i.e., etomidate, thiopentone, methohexitone and propofol) decrease cerebral meta... | train | med_mcqa | null |
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