question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gastrointestinal stromal tumours arise form | [
"Paneth cells",
"Stave cells",
"Enterocytes",
"Interstitial cells of Cajal"
] | D | Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) may arise in anypa of the gastrointestinal tract but 50% will be found inthe stomach.They are now known to be a distinct tumor derived from the interstitial cells of Cajal,The tumours are universally associated with a mutation in thetyrosine kinase c-kit oncogene (CD 117). These... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Baby 20 year old female complains of sudden onset palpitation and apprehension. She is sweating for last 10 minutes and fears of impending death. Diagnosis is | [
"Hysteria",
"Generalized Anxiety Disorder",
"Cystic fibrosis",
"Pannic Attack"
] | D | D i.e. Pannic attack | train | med_mcqa | null |
A deficiency of substance Intrinsic factor can result in an anemia. Choose the type of anemia that would occur if the substance were deficient. | [
"Megaloblastic anemia",
"Hypochromic, microcytic anemia",
"Hemolytic anemia",
"Sickle cell anemia"
] | A | We will illustrate, in addition, how biochemical measurements can pinpoint a disorder and allow one to determine which enzyme is functioning improperly.a. Mouth(1). Salivary glands produce a-amylase, which cleaves a-1,4 bonds between glucose residues in dietary starch. (Pancreatic a-amylase catalyzes the same reaction.... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The amount of blood loss during each menstrual period is about : | [
"10 cc",
"35 cc",
"50 cc",
"100 cc"
] | B | Ans. is b i.e. 35 cc Normal Menstrual Cycle : Average amount of blood loss = 35 ml / cycledeg Normal duration of flow < 7 daysdeg Mean duration = 4.7 daysdeg Cycle length = 21 - 35 daysdeg Abnormal menses terminology Term Interval Duration Amount Menorrhagia Regular Prolonged Excessive Metrorrhagia Irregular Prolonged ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 50 year old male presents with a 3 year history of irritability, low mood, lack of interest in Surroundings and general dissatisfaction with everything. There is no significant disruption in his sleep or appetite. He is likely to be suffering from: | [
"Major depression",
"No psychiatric disorder",
"Dysthymia",
"Chronic fatigue syndrome"
] | C | C i.e. DysthymiaLong standing atleast for 2 years (1 year in children & adolescents) of low grade subthreshold depressive symptoms (not severe enough to be called major depression) exclusive of indicators of severity (such as suicidality and psychomotor disturbance and featuring symptoms more than signs (i.e. more subj... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Trans-tubular potassium gradient (T.T.K.G) in hypokalemia is? | [
"<3-4",
">6-7",
">9-10",
">10-15"
] | A | The expected values of the Trans-tubular potassium gradient (T.T.K.G) are <3-4 in the presence of hypokalemia and >6-7 in the presence of hyperkalemia. TTKG is measured as follows: | train | med_mcqa | null |
Rhinoscleromatis is caused by - | [
"Klebseilla",
"Autoimmune",
"Spirochetes",
"Rhinosporidium."
] | A | Rhinoscleroma is caused by Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis or Frisch bacillus. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Aniacinosis results in | [
"Perleche",
"Bed ben",
"Pellagra",
"Nyctalopia"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Gluconeogenesis from lactate needs all except | [
"Transpo of lactate from muscle to liver",
"Conversion of lactate to pyruvate",
"Transamination of pyruvate to alanine",
"None of the above"
] | C | The lactate formed in the muscle is transpoed to the liver. In the liver cell lactate dehydrogenase conves lactate to pyruvate (Fig. 9.28). The pyruvate enters the gluconeogenic pathway to form glucose.Ref: DM Vasudevan, 7th edition, page no: 119 | train | med_mcqa | null |
159,35 yr old lady presents with a lump in the upper outer quadrant of breast Histopathology shows cells in pools of mucin and faint nuclei | [
"Adenocarcinoma",
"colloidal carcinoma",
"Medullary carcinoma",
"Lobular carcinoma"
] | B | *colloidal/ Mucinous carcinoma breast *The histopathology feature of cells in pools of mucin is suggestive of colloidal carcinoma ref : robbins 10th ed | train | med_mcqa | null |
The epitheliod cell and multinucleated giant cells of granulomatous inflammation are derived from | [
"Basophils",
"Eosinophil",
"CD4T lymphocytes",
"Monocytes marcophages"
] | D | Ref Robbins 9/e p97 Delayed type of hypersensitivity results from accumulation of mononucleated cells around small veins and venules producing a perivascular cuffing .mono cytes transform into macrophages which undergo morphological changes to produce epitheliod cell | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not true about amoebic liver abscess | [
"Adult forms are seen",
"Conservative treatment is generally seen",
"Larvae are seen",
"USG can diagnose it"
] | C | Larval forms of E.histolytica are not seen in the abscess | train | med_mcqa | null |
Palpation of muscles of mastication is best accomplished bilaterally and | [
"Simultaneously",
"Alternately",
"Intermittently",
"None of the above"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one is not converted to an active metabolite? | [
"Quinapril",
"Fosinopril",
"Benzopril",
"Lisinopril"
] | D | Lisinopril: It is the lysine derivative of enalaprilat; does not require hydrolysis to become active ACE inhibitor.
KEY CONCEPT:-
All ACE inhibitors are prodrugs except captopril and lisinopril. Other drugs like enalapril are converted to its active metabolite (enalaprilat) and thus are slow acting.
Reference: Essent... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following assays are used to estimate amount of glycated Hemoglobin? | [
"HPLC",
"Immunoassay",
"Affinity chromatography",
"All of the above"
] | D | All the 3 assays can be used to estimate amount of glycated hemoglobin.
Normal level of HbA1C is < 5.5%.
High performance liquid chromatography employs cation exchange chromatography. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Treatment of Acute Hyperkalemia -a) Ca gluconate givenb) Insulin & Glucose reduces hyperkaJemia within 4 hrsc) Dialysis not usefuld) Resin shows the response within minutese) IV NaHCO3 given | [
"a",
"b",
"ae",
"ad"
] | C | Resins show response within → 1-2 hr
Insulin + Glucose shows response within → 15-30 minutes
Ca gluconate shows response within → minutes (less than 5 minutes)
B2 adrenergic shows response within → 30 minutes
NaHCO3 shows response within → 30 minutes
Hemodialysis is the most effective and rapid nlav of lowerine plasm... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Internal anal sphincter is pa of | [
"Internal longitudinal fibres of rectum",
"Puborectalis muscle",
"Deep perineal muscles",
"Internal circular muscle fibres of rectum"
] | D | The internal anal sphincter, IAS, (or sphincter ani internus) is a muscular ring that surrounds about 2.5-4.0 cm of the anal canal; its inferior border is in contact with, but quite separate from, the external anal sphincter. It is about 5 mm thick and is formed by an aggregation of the involuntary circular fibers of t... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Indicator solution in Horrock’s Apparatus contains | [
"Ortho-toulidine",
"Bromocresol purple",
"Ortho-toulidine arsenite",
"Starch iodide"
] | D | Indicator in Horrock’s apparatus: Starch iodide.
Indicator in Presumptive coliform test (MPN Multiple Tube Method): Bromocresol purple. | train | med_mcqa | null |
HIV virus was discovered in? | [
"1976",
"1983",
"1996",
"1988"
] | B | Ans. (b) 1983 History of HIV In 1981 AIDS was first recognized when US centre for disease control and prevention repoed the unexplain occurrences of P. jiroveci infection in five previously health homosexual male. They appear to have lost their immunocompetence. So the condition was given the name "Acquired immune defi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vocal cords are supplied by? | [
"External laryngeal nerve",
"Internal laryngeal nerve",
"Recurrent laryngeal nerve",
"Vagus nerve"
] | C | Ans. c (Recurrent laryngeal nerve). (Ref. BD Chaurasia, Anatomy, 3rd vol., 3rd ed., 61)# The internal laryngeal nerve supplies the mucous membrane of larynx above the level of vocal folds.# The recurrent laryngeal nerve supplies below the level of vocal cords.# When both recurrent laryngeal nerves are interrupted, voca... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Gardener&;s syndrome is a rare hereditary disorder involving the colon. It is characterized by | [
"Polyposis colon, Cancer thyroid, skin tumours",
"Polyposis is jejunum, pituaitary adenoma and skin tumours",
"Polyposis colon, osteomas, epidermal inclusion cysts and fibrous tumours in the skin",
"Polyposis of gastrointestinal tract, cholangiocarcinoma and skin tumours"
] | C | .GARDNER'S SYNDROME * It is commonly associated with FAP - 10%. * Presents with bone, skin, soft tissue and dental abnormalities. Jaw osteomas are very common. Other features are epidermoid cysts (50%), exostoses, fibromas, lipomas. * Associated with desmoid tumours seen in the scar, abdomen, intraabdominal region and ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A cut injury on wrist causes the inability of thumb to touch the tip of little finger, the nerve likely to be damaged is - | [
"Ulnar",
"Radial",
"Median",
"Deep branch of ulnar nerve"
] | C | Patient is unable to do opposition (i.e., inability of thumb to touch the tip of little finger).
Loss of opposition is seen in median nerve injury. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is used in gene therapy? | [
"Electroporation",
"Electrofocusing",
"Selectively targeted recombination",
"Intracytoplasmic injection"
] | A | Electroporation is used in gene therapy. Gene therapy is a technique that uses genes to treat or prevent disease. Delivery of DNA into patient&;s cells by using recombinant viruses/naked DNA/DNA complexes. Methods used include intranuclear injection, electroporation, gene-gun, sonoporation, and magnetofection Gene ther... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vitamin associated with one carbon transfer is: | [
"Niacin",
"Thiamine",
"Ascorbic acid",
"Folic acid"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most radio resistant phase in cell cycle: | [
"G1",
"Early S",
"Late S",
"G2"
] | C | Radiation energy is absorbed by tissue causing ionization or excitation, which are responsible for various biological effects. Susceptibility of various phases of cell cycle of radiation: G2M>M>G1> early S> late S phase Phase of cell cycle Comment G2M>G2 * Most sensitive to radiation End of S phase * Most resistant to ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Following are used in treatment of digitalis toxity except - | [
"Potassium",
"Lignocaine",
"Fab particles",
"Hemodialysis"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
25 hydroxylation of vitamin D occurs | [
"Skin",
"Liver",
"Kidney",
"Spleen"
] | B | Synthesis of 25-OH-D3 in Liver (Calcidiol)Vitamin D2 and/or D3 binds to specific D binding protein and is transpoed to liver.It undergoes hydroxylation at 25 position, by the enzyme 25-hydroxylase, in the endoplasmic reticulum of the mitochondria of liver cells.Coenzyme/cofactors required are: *Mg++NADPH, and *Molecula... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The following statement regarding ganglion blocking agents are true except: | [
"They block the transmission of impulse in the sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic ganglia.",
"They reduce the amount of noradrenaline released from the postganglionic sympathetic nerve endings.",
"Incidence of postural hypertension is less with their use.",
"Neostigmine can counteract the paralytic il... | C | Ganglion blocking agents occupy the receptors on the ganglion cells and block the transmission of impulses in the autonomic ganglia. They produce sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglion blockade. This results in a decrease in the amount of noradrenaline at the postganglionic sympathetic nerve ending, a decrease in the... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is the commonest location of hypertensive haemorrhage - | [
"Pons",
"Thalamus",
"Putamen/external capsule",
"Cerebellum"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
In Acne rosacea, the main pathogenesis is: | [
"Unknown",
"Increased sebum production",
"Increased reactivity of cutaneous blood vessels to vasodilators",
"Telangiectasia is present over whole face along with the exposed part of back where papules & pustules are also present"
] | A | Ans. A. UnknownAcne rosacea - Disease of unknown etiology, Papules & pustules over central face (but never over any other part of body); Telangiectasia of nose & cheeks; Facial erythema.a. Flushing reaction to hot, spicy foods & alcohol but no increased reactivity of cutaneous blood vessels to vasodilators.b. Sebum pro... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pyogenic infection and brain infarction are associated with: | [
"Coagulative necrosis",
"Liquefactive necrosis",
"Caseous necrosis",
"Fat necrosis"
] | B | Liquefactive necrosis, is characterized by digestion of the dead cells, resulting in transformation of the tissue into a liquid viscous mass. It is seen in focal bacterial or occasionally, fungal infections because microbes stimulate the accumulation of leukocytes and the liberation of enzymes from these cells. The nec... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which vitamin is associated with glycogen phosphorylase? | [
"Pyridoxin",
"Niacin",
"Riboflavin",
"Thiamine"
] | A | Pyridoxin Pyridoxal phosphate is an essential cofactor for glycogen phosphorylase | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is seen in the ovulatory phase | [
"Inhibin A is increased",
"FSH increases steroid synthesis in granulosa cells",
"Stimulation of continuation of reduction division of oocytes",
"Activin causes FSH to act on granulosa cells"
] | C | Ovulation
The combined LH/FSH midcycle surge is responsible for the final stage of maturation of the follicle,
completion of the first meiotic division of oocyte with extrusion of first polar body and expulsion of oocyte | train | med_mcqa | null |
Collecting tubules of kidney develop from : | [
"Uretric bud",
"Mesonephric duct",
"Paramesonephric duct",
"Wolffian duct"
] | A | A. i.e. Ureteric bud | train | med_mcqa | null |
Initial treatment of buphthalmos is - | [
"Laser trabeculolasty",
"Goniotomy",
"Topical pilocarpine",
"Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors"
] | B | In Buphthalmos medications are not effective and so treatment is primarily surgical. Incisional angle surgery by goniotomy or trabeculectomy Ref:Comprehensive ophthalmology-AK Khurana 6th edition chapter-10 page no:227 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is true regarding PROPOFOL | [
"It is used in day care anesthesia",
"It is contraindicated in porphyria",
"IT is contraindicated in person allergic to egg",
"It is HIGHLY cardiostable"
] | A | Only contraindication of propofol is shock being cardiounstable. Intravenous induction agent of choice for day care anesthesia is propofol. It has rapid onset of action and a faster recovery. It also reduces postoperative nausea and vomiting which provide yet another reason for it to be a preferred drug for outpatient ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following anti-arrhythmic drugs is useful in AV block resulting from digoxin overdose? | [
"Adrenaline",
"Noradrenaline",
"Atropine",
"Adenosine"
] | C | Treatment of digoxin toxicity: Mild digitalis toxicity Decreased with K+ (It decreases binding of the drug to Na+K+ATPase) but in severe digitalis toxicity, K+ is C/I Ventricular arrhythmias Lignocaine Atrial tachyarrhythmia b blockers Bradyarrhythmias and AV block Atropine Very severe toxicity Digibind | train | med_mcqa | null |
Neologism is characteristically seen in: Gujarat 07 | [
"Depression",
"Mania",
"Schizophrenia",
"Delirium"
] | C | Ans. Schizophrenia | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mitral valve vegetations do not usually embolise to | [
"Lung",
"Liver",
"Spleen",
"Brain"
] | A | Ref Harrison 19 th ed pg 820 Mitral valve vegetation would obviously not go to the lung, as that would involve a backward flow | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true about salivary gland tumor except: | [
"Parotid gland is most common site of involvement",
"Warthin tumour almost always found in the parotid gland",
"Minor gland tumours are mostly malignant",
"Parotid tumours are mostly malignant"
] | D | Ans: D (Parotid tumours...) Tumours of minor salivary glands are histologically similar to those of major glands; however, up to 90 per cent of minor salivary gland tumours are malignant"- L&B 26th/722'Warthin tumour (papillary cystadenoma Lymphomatosum): It arise almost alwaysQ in the parotid gland (the only tumour vi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Iron supplementation in a healthy term breast fed baby should be staed at the age of - | [
"2 weeks",
"4 weeks",
"8 weeks",
"None"
] | D | Ans. is NoneCorrect answer is 6 months. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is used in the treatment of well differentiated thyroid cancer? | [
"32 P",
"131 I",
"99mTc",
"131I-MIBG"
] | B | I 131 is used in the treatment of well differentiated thyroid cancer and hypehyroidism. I 131 has a half life of 8 days and emits beta paicles as well as gamma rays. Radiation dose to thyroid is mainly due to the emitted beta paicles (90%) rather than gamma radiation. Ref: Oncology for Health-Care Professionals By V. P... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 56-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his wife because of memory loss and difficulty walking. She has noticed personality changes, truancy from work, and lack of personal care over the past 1 year. On examination, he appears unkempt, smells of urine, and is uncooperative. He cannot recall the date... | [
"prophylactic phenytoin administration",
"prophylactic diazepam administration",
"prophylactic carbamazepine administration",
"calcium administration"
] | B | Prophylactic administration of diazepam in a withdrawing alcoholic can prevent or reduce severe syndromes such as delirium tremens (DTs). Prophylactic phenytoin, however, is not helpful. A calm, quiet environment with close observation and frequent reassurance is very important. Vitamin administration (especially thiam... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is SsRNA unenveloped virus: | [
"HBV",
"HEV",
"HCV",
"None"
] | B | Ans. b. HEV | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the following drug may be used for prevention of relapse of P. vivax infection : | [
"Chloroquine",
"Primaquine",
"Atovaquone",
"Tetracycline"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Trendelenberg test is positive due to injury to: | [
"Sup gluteal nerve",
"Inf gluteal nerve",
"Obturator nerve",
"Tibial nerve"
] | A | A.i.e. Superior gluteal nerve | train | med_mcqa | null |
The Burrows in scabies is in the – | [
"Stratum basale",
"Stratum granulosum",
"Stratum corneum",
"Dennis"
] | C | Mite burrows into stratum corneum. These burrow is visible clinically as an irregular gray - brown line. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is seen in eosinophil granules? | [
"Cathepsin",
"Major basic protein",
"Transferrin",
"All of the above"
] | B | Eosinophils are abundant in immune reactions mediated by IgE and in parasitic infections. A chemokine that is especially impoant for eosinophil recruitment is eotaxin. Eosinophils have granules that contain major basic protein, a highly cationic protein that is toxic to parasites but also causes lysis of mammalian epit... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient is brought to the casualty in the state of altered sensorium. He was on lithium for affective disorder and has suffered through an attack of epileptic fits. On examination he has tremors increased DTRs and incontinence of urine. He has also undergone an episode of severe gastroenteritis 2 days ago. The serum ... | [
"Lithium toxicity",
"Dehydration",
"Manic episode",
"Depressive stupor"
] | A | The clinical manifestations in this patient along with elevated levels of serum lithium more than 1.5mE/l indicates that he is suffering from lithium toxicity.Features of acute lithium intoxication includes vomiting, profuse diarrhea, coarse tremor, ataxia, coma, and convulsions. Nervous system is involved in serious c... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Paralysis of 3rd, 4th, 6th nerves with involvement of ophthalmic division of 5th nerve, localizes the lesion | [
"Cavernous sinus.",
"Apex of orbit.",
"Brainstem",
"Base of skull."
] | A | A i.e. Cavernous sinus Abrupt (sudden/ very rapid) onset of marked systemic features (high grade fever) with proptosis, chemosis especially with prostration, sequential ophthalmoplegia (i.e. initial lateal gaze involvement), bilateral involvement and mastoid edemaQ strongly suggest the diagnosis of cavernous sinus thro... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ketone body formation without glycosuria seen in: | [
"DM",
"DI",
"Prolonged starvation",
"Obesity"
] | C | C i.e. Prolonged StarvationHexokinase has low Km value i.e. high affinity for glucoseQ and it is present in all tissue including brain0; where as glucokinase has high Km value i.e. low affinity for glucoseQ and it is present in liver and BcellsQ. That's why brain can utilize glucose in starvation but the liver can not.... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are false except one in case of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis - | [
"Symptomatic within one week",
"Lump is always clinically palpable",
"T/t of choice is Finney's pyloroplasty",
"Ultrasonography is diagnostic test"
] | D | Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (HPS)
The musculature of the pylorus and adjacent antrum is grossly hypertrophied, the hypertrophy being maximum in the pylorus itself.
It occurs in approximately 3 in 1000 live birth and is the most common surgical cause of vomiting in infancy.
M> F (4 : 1)*
Characteristically the first... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Beta blocker that can be used in renal failure is all except- | [
"Propranolol",
"Pindolol",
"Sotalol",
"Oxyprenolol"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Sotalol "Sotalol is not metabolized in liver, excretion is predominantly by the kidney in the unchanged form". - Katzung 101Ve p. 229 Since it is primarly excreted in urine, it should not be used in renal failure. 0-blockers which are primarily excreted by kidney and should not be given in renal failu... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Replacing alanine by which amino acid will increase UV absorbances of protein at 280 nm wavelength | [
"Leucine",
"Proline",
"Arginine",
"Tryptophan"
] | D | Aromatic amino acids absorb UV light, which has absorption maxima between 275 nm-285 nm.
Tryptophan has greater absorption in this region than other two aromatic amino acids (tyrosine, phenylalanine).
Since nearly all proteins contain aromatic amino acids, the amount of light absorbed at 280 nm by protein is used as an... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Torsade-de- pointes is caused by- | [
"Hypermagnesemia",
"Metabolic acidosis",
"Hypomagnesemia",
"Metabolic alkalosis"
] | C | Torsades-de-pointes is a form of VT seen as a complication of prolonged ventricular repolarisation. It is seeen in hypomagnesemia. It is not seen in hypermagnesemia,metabolic acidosis,metabolic alkalosis Ref Harrison 20th ed pg 1436 | train | med_mcqa | null |
The elastomer having the longest curing time is | [
"Polysulfide",
"Poly ether",
"Addition silicone",
"Condensation silicone"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pasteur effect is: | [
"Inhibition of glycolysis",
"Oxygen is involved",
"Inhibition of enzyme phosphofructokinase",
"All of these"
] | D | Ans. D. All of theseThe inhibition of glycolysis by oxygen is referred to as Pasteur effect. This is due to inhibition of the enzyme phosphofructokinase by ATP and citrate (formed in the presence of 02). | train | med_mcqa | null |
After meiotic division, the primary oocyte remains arrested in | [
"Diplotene stage",
"Pachytene stage",
"Metaphase",
"Telophase"
] | A | At the time of bih all primary oocyte are in the prophase of meiotic division The primary oocyte remain in prophase and complete their first meiotic divison until they mature and ready to ovulate Human embryology Tenth edition Inderbier Singh Page 24 | train | med_mcqa | null |
The protection against small pox by previous infection with cowpox represents: | [
"Antigenic cross-reactivity",
"Antigenic specificity",
"Passive immunity",
"Innate immunity"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Antigenic cross-reactivity(Ref: Ananthanarayan, 7th/e, p. 81, 82)* Antigenic cross reactivity - Sometimes single antigen stimulates production of variety of antibodies that more or less resemble the correct fit for the antigen. Each of these antibodies may attack different antigens that more or less r... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Superficial perineal muscles include- | [
"Iliococcygeus",
"Ischiococcygeus",
"Bulbospongiosus",
"Levator ani"
] | C | Muscles in superficial perineal space.
- Ischiocavernosus
- Bulbospongiosus
- Superficial transverse perinei | train | med_mcqa | null |
Shoest acting muscle relaxant - | [
"Pancuronium",
"Atracurium",
"Mivacurium",
"Vecuronium"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Mivacurium o Mivacurium is the shoest acting competitive blockers. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Laboratory evaluation for the differential diagnosis of chronic myeloproliferative disorders includes all the following evcepr : | [
"Chromosomal evaluation",
"Bone marrow aspiration",
"Flow-cytometric analysis",
"Determination of red blood cell mass"
] | C | Answer is C (Flow cytometry) respective myeloproliferative disorde Myeloproliferative disorder Useful tests Polycythemia vera Elevated Red cell mass / with normal erythropoetin levels Chronic myeloid leukemia Chromosomal demonstration of Philadelphia chromosome or bcr /abl translocation Chronic idiopathic Myelofibrosis... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is the least likely presentation of multiple sclerosis? | [
"Sensory loss",
"Optic neuritis",
"Veigo",
"Transverse myelitis"
] | D | Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disorder of the brain and rarely involve spinal cord, Hence answer is D. If Spinal cord involved, it is called Devic's Disease. Devic's disease -Characterized by presentation of Transverse myelitis and Optic neuritis. MC presentation of MS is sensory loss followed by optic neuritis... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All except one is required for the diagnosis of obesity hypoventilation syndrome | [
"Hypeension",
"Sleep disorder breathing",
"BMI more than or equal to 30 kg/m2",
"PaCO2 more than or eqal to 45 mmHg"
] | A | Repeated | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following statements is true regarding Rett syndrome? | [
"Seen only in boys",
"Does not involve motor abnormalities",
"Associated with normal intelligence",
"None of the above"
] | D | Ans. D. None of the aboveRett syndrome is a progressive condition that develops after 6 months of apparently normal development after birth. Head circumference at birth is normal, and early developmental milestones, including social interactions, are unremarkable. Between 6 and 48 months, most commonly between 6 and 12... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Calcium does not bind to | [
"Tropomyosin",
"Calmodulin",
"Troponin",
"None"
] | A | Tropomyosin-A protein that binds to and stabilizes actin filaments in cells. In skeletal and cardiac muscle cells, tropomyosin is released after interacting with troponin and calcium, facilitating the binding of actin to myosin that causes muscle contraction.Calmodulin- a calcium-binding protein present in all nucleate... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Indicators of impending uterine rupture during labour include all of the following except : | [
"Fetal distress",
"Hematuria",
"Fresh bleeding per vaginum",
"Passage of meconium"
] | D | Ans. is d i.e. Passage of meconium Impending rupture : Abdominal pain Slight vaginal bleeding Fetal distress as evidenced by abnormal FHR, bradycardia and variable and late declerations. Tenderness in uterine palpation Complete rupture : Sense of something giving away Collapse, shock, dehydration Absent FHS Palpation o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug of choice for West syndrome in children is? | [
"Vigabatrin",
"Valproate",
"ACTH",
"Lamotrigene"
] | C | - Drug of choice for West syndrome in children is either ACTH or steroids. (ACTH > Steroids) - In children with Tuberous sclerosis - Vigabatrin is preferred. - West syndrome is characterized by triad of Infantile spasms (SALAAM ATTACKS) Developmental delay Hypsarrhythmia (on EEG) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Tularemia belongs to which category of bioterrorism agents - | [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., A * Bioterrorism agents can be separated into three categories, depending on how easily they can be spread and the severity of illness or death they cause. Category A agents are considered the highest risk and Category C agents are those that are considered emerging threats for disease.* Important org... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 47-year-old man presents to his physician because he has noticed that his right breast is noticeably larger than his left breast. Breast examination demonstrates that the right breast is diffusely enlarged. The breast tissue is freely mobile and without distinct masses. The patient repos that the breast has been slow... | [
"Decreased production of testosterone secondary to primary hypogonadism",
"Drug that inhibits testosterone synthesis",
"Drug with estrogen-like activity",
"Increased peripheral conversion of androgens to estrogens"
] | D | Peripheral conversion of androgens (testosterone and androstenedione) to estrogens occurs mainly in adipose tissue, muscle, and skin. In patients with chronic liver disease, malnutrition, and hypehyroidism, this peripheral conversion is increased, and may be associated with feminization (seen as changes in hair distrib... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Gout is a disorder of - | [
"Purine metabolism",
"Pyrimidine metabolism",
"Ketone metabolism",
"Protein metabolism"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cranial nerve not carrying parasympathetic fibers | [
"Fourth",
"Seventh",
"Third",
"Ninth"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Fourth Four cranial nerves CN III, CN VII, CNIX & CN X carry presynaptic parasympathetic (visceral motor) axons as they emerge from brain stem.Parasympathetic fibres carrying cranial nervesAssociated GanglionOcculomotor (III)Ciliary ganglionFacial (VII)Pterygopalatine & Submandibular ganglionGlossophar... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In methyl alcohol poisoning there is CNS depression, cardiac depression and optic nerve atrophy. These effects are produced due to - | [
"Formaldehyde and formic acid",
"Acetaldehyde",
"Pyridine",
"Acetic acid"
] | A | Methanol itself is not toxic but two metabolites formed -- formaldehyde and formic acid are highly toxic. These compounds are responsible for causing profound metabolic acidosis and visual defect and blindness REF;THE SYNOPSIS OF FORENSIC MEDICINE:KS NARAYANA REDDY;28th EDITION;PAGE NO 332 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Slow IPSP in autonomic is generated by: | [
"Nicotinic cholinergic",
"Muscarinic cholinergic",
"Dopamine",
"GnRH"
] | C | C i.e. Dopamine | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 52-year-old male presents to the emergency department complaining of persistent severe right upper quadrant pain for the past 2 hours. During that period of time he felt nauseated, was sweating profusely, and also experienced pain in the posterior aspect of his right shoulder. The pain began shortly after a lunch con... | [
"C3 to C5",
"C5 to C8",
"T1 to T4",
"T5 to T9"
] | D | Referred pain from cholecystitis is generally referred to the region of the inferior angle of the right scapula. These fibers are generally from T5 to T9. These sensory fibers for pain are stimulated by the gallbladder inflammation because of the proximity of the adjacent structures. C3 to C5 sensory fibers innervate t... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pick the odd one out: | [
"Lactose",
"Maltose",
"Sucrose",
"Cellulose"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mantoux test is based on which hypersensitivity- | [
"Typel",
"Type 2",
"Type 3",
"Type 4"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e.. Type 4 Following are the examples of type 4 hypersensitivity reactionsType 1 diabetes mellitusHashimoto thyroiditisCrohn's diseaseMultiple sclerosisContact dermatitisMantoux test | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common benign tumor of heart in children | [
"Rhabdomyoma",
"Myxoma",
"Fibroma",
"Lipoma"
] | A | Most common benign tumor of heart is Rhabdomyoma in children myxoma in adults. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Maximum pressure in right ventricle seen is | [
"2mmHg",
"25mmHg",
"80mmHg",
"120mmHg"
] | B | Peak pressures in the left and right ventricles are about 120 and 25 mm Hg, respectively.Reference: Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology; 25th edition; Page no: 538 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is considered to be a MAJOR mechanism for organ transplant failure. Allopurinol is used in organ preservation as: | [
"Antioxidant",
"Preservative",
"Free radical scavenger",
"Precursor for energy metabolism"
] | C | The most commonly used solution for organ storage and flushing is the University of Wisconsin solution that contains lactobionate, raffinose, adenosine (a precursor for ATP generation), magnesium sulfate (to retard calcium influx), glutathione (as an antioxidant), and allopurinol (to inhibit xanthine oxidase induced re... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which vasculitis is seen most commonly in childhood? | [
"Kawasaki",
"HSP",
"Susac syndrome",
"Giant cell"
] | B | Disease in choice Age of presentation and findings Kawasaki Occurs predominantly in young children; 80% of patients are <5 yr, and, only occasionally, are teenagers or, more rarely, adults affected. HSP Usually seen in children; most patients range in age from 4 to 7 years; however, the disease may also be seen in infa... | train | med_mcqa | null |
EAC rosette formation is the propey of one of the following type of immune cells ? | [
"T-cells",
"B-cells",
"Macrophages",
"All of the above"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about right atrium is : | [
"Auricle lies superolaterally",
"Related to central tendon of diaphragm at Tio level",
"Coronary sinus lies between fossa ovalis and IVC",
"SVC opening is gaurded by endocardial valve"
] | C | Coronary sinus lies between fossa ovalis and IVC | train | med_mcqa | null |
Eruption of Mandibular 1st premolar occur at | [
"8-9 years",
"6 years",
"4 years",
"10-12 year"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following conditions does not have a National Screening / Control Programme? | [
"Diabetes Mellitus",
"Dental caries",
"Refractive errors",
"Carcinoma cervix"
] | B | The National Health Programmes have been launched by the Central Government for the control/eradication of communicable diseases, improvement of environmental sanitation, raising the standard of nutrition, control of population and improving rural health. Several programmes are currently under operation. However, curre... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The most common viral cause of Acute liver failure worldwide is: | [
"Hepatitis A",
"Hepatitis B",
"Hepatitis C",
"Hepatitis E"
] | B | Answer is B (Hepatitis B) Hepatitis B remains the most common viral agent responsible for Acute Liver Failure Worldwide Fulminant Viral Hepatitis leading to acute liver failure is typically seen with Hepatitis B infection (Increased by co-infection or super-infection with Hepatitis D) and Hepatitis E infection. The mos... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Chromosomal translocation wen in CMS? | [
"2:08",
"8:14",
"9:22",
"15:17"
] | C | A translocation is a type of abnormal change in the structure of a chromosomethat occurs when a pa of one chromosomebreaks off and sticks to anotherchromosome. These "mutations" are an impoant cause of many types of lymphomas and leukemias | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is the source of hepatic stem cells | [
"Limbus cells",
"ITO cells",
"Oval cells",
"Paneth cells"
] | C | ref , Robbins 8/e p83;7/e p91;9/e p28 Hepatic oval cells (HOC) are a small subpopulation of cells found in the liver when hepatocyte proliferation is inhibited and followed by some type of hepatic injury. ... These cells are believed to be bipotential, i.e., able to differentiate into hepatocytes or bile ductular cells... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is true regarding non specific interstitial pneumonia | [
"A. Honey combing on CT",
"B. Predominant in males",
"C. Affects elderly age grpup",
"D. Good prognosis"
] | D | It is idiopathic or associated with consecutive tissue damage clinical features patient present with cough and pneumonia of several duration Mostly female non smoker present in 6th decade of life High resolution CT scan- B/l,symmetric,predominatly lower lobe opacities, (honey comb pattern) Have better prognosis than th... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common cause of amoebic lung abscess is : | [
"Aspiration",
"Direct spread from liver",
"Hematogenous spread from liver",
"Hematogenous spread from gut"
] | B | Answer is B (Direct spread from liver): An amoebic lung abscess is almost always secondary to spread from the liver. Extraintestinal infection by E. histolytica most often involves the liver. Fuher involvement most commonly leads to Amoebic lung abscess. Infact pleuropulmonary involvement (Lung): is the most frequent c... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In a ceain population, there were 4050 bihs in the last one year. There were 50 still bihs, 50 infants died within 7 days whereas 150 died within the first 28 days. What is the neonatal moality rate | [
"50",
"62.5",
"12.5",
"49.4"
] | A | Ans. a. 50 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Articular disc of TMJ receives insertion from which muscle: | [
"Medial pterygoid",
"Lateral pterygoid",
"Massetor",
"Temporalis"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The earliest sign of syncope is | [
"Pallor",
"Constriction of pupil",
"Dilation of pupil",
"Bradycardia"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A major step in the pathogenesis of listeriosis is - | [
"The formation of antigen-antibody complexes with resultant complement activation and tissue damage",
"The release of hyaluronidase by L. monocytogenes, which contributes to its dissemination from local sites",
"The antiphagocytic activity of the L. monocytogenes capsule",
"The survival and multiplication of ... | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Dissociative sensory loss is not seen in | [
"Syringomelia",
"Cauda equine syndrome",
"Diabetes mellitus",
"Damage to spino-thalamic pathway"
] | B | Dissociated sensory loss is a pattern of neurological damage caused by a lesion to a single tract in the spinal cord which involves preservation of fine touch and proprioception with selective loss of pain and temperature. Understanding the mechanisms behind these selective lesions requires a brief discussion of the an... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is indicated by the pedigree given below? | [
"Adopted into family",
"Adopted out of family",
"Identical twins",
"Nonidentical twins"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 70 year old male has a pathologic fracture of femur. The lesion appears lytic on X-ray with a circumscribed punched out appearance. The curetting from fracture site is most likely to show which of the following? | [
"Diminished and thinned trabecular bone fragments secondary to osteopenia",
"Sheets of atypical plasma cells",
"Metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma",
"Malignant cells forming osteoid bone"
] | B | Malignant cells forming osteoid bone | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following structure forms the medial border of Hesselbach's triangle? | [
"Linea alba",
"Linea semilunaris",
"Inferior epigastric aery",
"Conjoint tendon"
] | B | Boundaries of Hasselbach's triangle:Medial border: Lateral margin the rectus sheath, also called linea semilunaris.Superolateral border: Inferior epigastric aery.Inferior border: Inguinal ligament, sometimes Referred to as Poupa's ligament. | train | med_mcqa | null |
In a outbreak of cholera in village of 2,000 population, 20 cases have occured and 5 died, Case fatality rate is- | [
"1%",
"0.25%",
"5%",
"25%"
] | D | .here it is 5 divided by 20 expressed in percentage that is 25% .case fatality rate represents the killing power of a disease.it is simply the ratio of deaths to cases.the time interval is not specified.it is usually used in the case of acute infections such as food poisoning,cholera,measles etc.its usefulness to chron... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient presents to the emergency depament with self harm and indicates suicidal intent. Which of the following conditions does not warrant an immediate specialist assessment? | [
"Formal thought disorder",
"Acute alcohol intoxication",
"Chronic severe physical illness",
"Social isolation"
] | B | The suicidal intent in a person with formal thought disorder (most likely a patient with Schizophrenia), chronic severe physical illness and social isolation, should be taken very seriously and immediate measures taken must include assessment by a specialist. If patient has expressed suicidal intent in an inebriated st... | train | med_mcqa | null |
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