publicationDate stringlengths 1 2.79k | title stringlengths 1 36.5k ⌀ | abstract stringlengths 1 37.3k ⌀ | id stringlengths 9 47 |
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2023-12-24 | Sphaleron rate as an inverse problem: a novel lattice approach | We compute the sphaleron rate on the lattice. We adopt a novel strategy based
on the extraction of the spectral density via a modified version of the
Backus-Gilbert method from finite-lattice-spacing and finite-smoothing-radius
Euclidean topological charge density correlators. The physical sphaleron rate
is computed by... | 2312.15468v1 |
1999-12-17 | Expectations For an Interferometric Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect Survey for Galaxy Clusters | Non-targeted surveys for galaxy clusters using the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect
(SZE) will yield valuable information on both cosmology and evolution of the
intra-cluster medium (ICM). The redshift distribution of detected clusters will
constrain cosmology, while the properties of the discovered clusters will be
important... | 9912364v2 |
2000-02-17 | K-Band Spectroscopy of an Obscured Massive Stellar Cluster in the Antennae Galaxies (NGC 4038/4039) with NIRSPEC | We present infrared spectroscopy of the Antennae Galaxies (NGC 4038/4039)
with NIRSPEC at the W. M. Keck Observatory. We imaged the star clusters in the
vicinity of the southern nucleus (NGC 4039) in 0.39" seeing in K-band using
NIRSPEC's slit-viewing camera. The brightest star cluster revealed in the
near-IR (M_K(0) =... | 0002357v1 |
2003-02-20 | The Reionization History at High Redshifts II: Estimating the Optical Depth to Thomson Scattering from CMB Polarization | In light of the recent inference of a high optical depth to Thomson
scattering, tau, from the WMAP data we investigate the effects of extended
periods of partial ionization and ask if the value of tau inferred by assuming
a single sharp transition is an unbiased estimate. We construct and consider
several representativ... | 0302404v2 |
2007-02-27 | The Sunyaev-Zeldovich Background | The cosmic background due to the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect is expected to
be the largest signal at mm and cm wavelengths at a resolution of a few
arcminutes. We investigate some simple statistics of SZ maps and their scaling
with the normalization of the matter power spectrum, sigma_8, as well as the
effects of the... | 0702727v1 |
1998-01-23 | An Analytical Construction of the SRB Measures for Baker-type Maps | For a class of dynamical systems, called the axiom-A systems, Sinai, Ruelle
and Bowen showed the existence of an invariant measure (SRB measure) weakly
attracting the temporal average of any initial distribution that is absolutely
continuous with respect to the Lebesgue measure. Recently, the SRB measures
were found to... | 9801031v2 |
1998-04-08 | Entropy Production : From Open Volume Preserving to Dissipative Systems | We generalize Gaspard's method for computing the \epsilon-entropy production
rate in Hamiltonian systems to dissipative systems with attractors considered
earlier by T\'el, Vollmer, and Breymann. This approach leads to a natural
definition of a coarse grained Gibbs entropy which is extensive, and which can
be expressed... | 9804009v2 |
1998-07-23 | A priori bounds for co-dimension one isometric embeddings | We prove a priori bounds for the trace of the second fundamental form of a
$C^4$ isometric embedding into $R^{n+1}$ of a metric $g$ of non-negative
sectional curvature on $S^n$, in terms of the scalar curvature, and the
diameter of $g$. These estimates give a bound on the extrinsic geometry in
terms of intrinsic quanti... | 9807130v1 |
2002-07-02 | Active and Passive Fields in Turbulent Transport: the Role of Statistically Preserved Structures | We have recently proposed that the statistics of active fields (which affect
the velocity field itself) in well-developed turbulence are also dominated by
the Statistically Preserved Structures of auxiliary passive fields which are
advected by the same velocity field. The Statistically Preserved Structures are
eigenmod... | 0207005v1 |
2001-06-07 | Secrecy, Computational Loads and Rates in Practical Quantum Cryptography | A number of questions associated with practical implementations of quantum
cryptography systems having to do with unconditional secrecy, computational
loads and effective secrecy rates in the presence of perfect and imperfect
sources are discussed. The different types of unconditional secrecy, and their
relationship to... | 0106043v2 |
2001-08-02 | Privacy Amplification in Quantum Key Distribution: Pointwise Bound versus Average Bound | In order to be practically useful, quantum cryptography must not only provide
a guarantee of secrecy, but it must provide this guarantee with a useful,
sufficiently large throughput value. The standard result of generalized privacy
amplification yields an upper bound only on the average value of the mutual
information ... | 0108013v1 |
2008-03-27 | Assessing surrogate endpoints in vaccine trials with case-cohort sampling and the Cox model | Assessing immune responses to study vaccines as surrogates of protection
plays a central role in vaccine clinical trials. Motivated by three ongoing or
pending HIV vaccine efficacy trials, we consider such surrogate endpoint
assessment in a randomized placebo-controlled trial with case-cohort sampling
of immune respons... | 0803.3919v1 |
2008-06-13 | The Formation and Evolution of Massive Stellar Clusters in IC 4662 | We present a multiwavelength study of the formation of massive stellar
clusters, their emergence from cocoons of gas and dust, and their feedback on
surrounding matter. Using data that span from radio to optical wavelengths,
including Spitzer and Hubble ACS observations, we examine the population of
young star clusters... | 0806.2302v1 |
2009-01-28 | Searching for Main-Belt Comets Using the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey | The Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey, specifically the Very Wide
segment of data, is used to search for possible main-belt comets. In the first
data set, 952 separate objects with asteroidal orbits within the main-belt are
examined using a three-level technique. First, the full-width-half-maximum of
each ob... | 0901.4511v1 |
2009-10-02 | Spectroscopic Observations of New Oort Cloud Comet 2006 VZ13 and Four Other Comets | Spectral data are presented for comets 2006 VZ13 (LINEAR), 2006 K4 (NEAT),
2006 OF2 (Broughton), 2P/Encke, and 93P/Lovas I, obtained with the Cerro-Tololo
Inter-American Observatory 1.5-m telescope in August 2007. Comet 2006 VZ13 is a
new Oort cloud comet and shows strong lines of CN (3880 angstroms), the Swan
band seq... | 0910.0416v1 |
2009-12-01 | Approximate Sparse Recovery: Optimizing Time and Measurements | An approximate sparse recovery system consists of parameters $k,N$, an
$m$-by-$N$ measurement matrix, $\Phi$, and a decoding algorithm, $\mathcal{D}$.
Given a vector, $x$, the system approximates $x$ by $\widehat x
=\mathcal{D}(\Phi x)$, which must satisfy $\| \widehat x - x\|_2\le C \|x -
x_k\|_2$, where $x_k$ denotes... | 0912.0229v1 |
2010-04-07 | Concatenated quantum codes can attain the quantum Gilbert-Varshamov bound | A family of quantum codes of increasing block length with positive rate is
asymptotically good if the ratio of its distance to its block length approaches
a positive constant. The asymptotic quantum Gilbert-Varshamov (GV) bound states
that there exist $q$-ary quantum codes of sufficiently long block length $N$
having f... | 1004.1127v6 |
2010-09-02 | Stable and unstable regimes in higher-dimensional convex billiards with cylindrical shape | We introduce a class of convex, higher-dimensional billiard models which
generalise stadium billiards. These models correspond to the free motion of a
point-particle in a region bounded by cylinders cut by planes. They are
motivated by models of particles interacting via a string-type mechanism, and
confined by hard wa... | 1009.0337v1 |
2011-08-29 | Magnetization Dynamics, Throughput and Energy Dissipation in a Universal Multiferroic Nanomagnetic Logic Gate with Fan-in and Fan-out | The switching dynamics of a multiferroic nanomagnetic NAND gate with
fan-in/fan-out is simulated by solving the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG)
equation while neglecting thermal fluctuation effects. The gate and logic wires
are implemented with dipole-coupled 2-phase (magnetostrictive/piezoelectric)
multiferroic elements... | 1108.5758v1 |
2011-09-15 | Stato evolutivo delle stelle della Cintura di Orione ed implicazioni archeoastronomiche | In the present work it is evaluated the evolutionary state of the Orion Belt
stars, an asterism very important for the ancient Egyptians, finding that, when
the pyramids were built, the brightness of the three stars of the Belt was
practically the same as today. This not trivial result has important
implications in the... | 1109.3284v2 |
2012-07-31 | Surface Acoustic Wave-Driven Ferromagnetic Resonance in Nickel Thin Films: Theory and Experiment | We present an extensive experimental and theoretical study of surface
acoustic wave-driven ferromagnetic resonance. In a first modeling approach
based on the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation, we derive expressions for the
magnetization dynamics upon magnetoelastic driving that are used to calculate
the absorbed microwa... | 1208.0001v1 |
2012-09-27 | Vortex Lattices in the Superconducting Phases of Doped Topological Insulators and Heterostructures | Majorana fermions are predicted to play a crucial role in condensed matter
realizations of topological quantum computation. These heretofore undiscovered
quasiparticles have been predicted to exist at the cores of vortex excitations
in topological superconductors and in heterostructures of superconductors and
materials... | 1209.6373v1 |
2013-04-23 | L2/L2-foreach sparse recovery with low risk | In this paper, we consider the "foreach" sparse recovery problem with failure
probability $p$. The goal of which is to design a distribution over $m \times
N$ matrices $\Phi$ and a decoding algorithm $\algo$ such that for every
$\vx\in\R^N$, we have the following error guarantee with probability at least
$1-p$ \[\|\vx-... | 1304.6232v1 |
2013-11-28 | Starbugs: all-singing, all-dancing fibre positioning robots | Starbugs are miniature piezoelectric 'walking' robots with the ability to
simultaneously position many optical fibres across a telescope's focal plane.
Their simple design incorporates two piezoceramic tubes to form a pair of
concentric 'legs' capable of taking individual steps of a few microns, yet with
the capacity t... | 1311.7371v1 |
2014-02-05 | Magnetization dynamics: path-integral formalism for the stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation | We construct a path-integral representation of the generating functional for
the dissipative dynamics of a classical magnetic moment as described by the
stochastic generalization of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation proposed by
Brown, with the possible addition of spin-torque terms. In the process of
constructing th... | 1402.1200v2 |
2014-10-17 | The fixed irreducible bridge ensemble for self-avoiding walks | We define a new ensemble for self-avoiding walks in the upper half-plane, the
fixed irredicible bridge ensemble, by considering self-avoiding walks in the
upper half-plane up to their $n$-th bridge height, $Y_n$, and scaling the walk
by $1/Y_n$ to obtain a curve in the unit strip, and then taking $n\to\infty$.
We then ... | 1410.4796v1 |
2014-11-20 | Type II Seesaw Higgsology and LEP/LHC constraints | In the {\sl type II seesaw} model, if spontaneous violation of the lepton
number conservation prevails over that of explicit violation, a rich Higgs
sector phenomenology is expected to arise with light scalar states having mixed
charged-fermiophobic/neutrinophilic properties. We study the constraints on
these light CP-... | 1411.5645v1 |
2015-01-11 | Epidemic Threshold of an SIS Model in Dynamic Switching Networks | In this paper, we analyze dynamic switching networks, wherein the networks
switch arbitrarily among a set of topologies. For this class of dynamic
networks, we derive an epidemic threshold, considering the SIS epidemic model.
First, an epidemic probabilistic model is developed assuming independence
between states of no... | 1501.02472v2 |
2015-04-29 | Entropy measures as geometrical tools in the study of cosmology | Classical chaos is often characterized as exponential divergence of nearby
trajectories. In many interesting cases these trajectories can be identified
with geodesic curves. We define here the entropy by $S = \ln \chi (x)$ with
$\chi(x)$ being the distance between two nearby geodesics. We derive an
equation for the ent... | 1504.07855v2 |
2015-06-24 | Ebb: A DSL for Physical Simulation on CPUs and GPUs | Designing programming environments for physical simulation is challenging
because simulations rely on diverse algorithms and geometric domains. These
challenges are compounded when we try to run efficiently on heterogeneous
parallel architectures. We present Ebb, a domain-specific language (DSL) for
simulation, that ru... | 1506.07577v3 |
2016-04-27 | Scoping of material response under DEMO neutron irradiation: comparison with fission and influence of nuclear library selection | Predictions of material activation inventories will be a key input to
virtually all aspects of the operation, safety and environmental assessment of
future fusion nuclear plants. Additionally, the neutron-induced transmutation
(change) of material composition (inventory) with time, and the creation and
evolution of con... | 1604.08496v1 |
2016-05-23 | Beyond the Interface Limit: Structural and Magnetic Depth Profiles of Voltage-Controlled Magneto-Ionic Heterostructures | Electric-field control of magnetism provides a promising route towards
ultralow power information storage and sensor technologies. The effects of
magneto-ionic motion have so far been prominently featured in the direct
modification of interface chemical and physical characteristics. Here we
demonstrate magnetoelectric ... | 1605.07209v1 |
2016-06-02 | RankSign: an efficient signature algorithm based on the rank metric | In this paper we propose a new approach to code-based signatures that makes
use in particular of rank metric codes. When the classical approach consists in
finding the unique preimage of a syndrome through a decoding algorithm, we
propose to introduce the notion of mixed decoding of erasures and errors for
building sig... | 1606.00629v2 |
2016-09-09 | Image and Video Mining through Online Learning | Within the field of image and video recognition, the traditional approach is
a dataset split into fixed training and test partitions. However, the labelling
of the training set is time-consuming, especially as datasets grow in size and
complexity. Furthermore, this approach is not applicable to the home user, who
wants... | 1609.02770v2 |
2016-11-17 | Stashing the stops in multijet events at the LHC | While the presence of a light stop is increasingly disfavored by the
experimental limits set on R-parity conserving scenarios, the naturalness of
supersymmetry could still be safely concealed in the more challenging final
states predicted by the existence of non-null R-parity violating couplings.
Although R-parity viol... | 1611.05850v2 |
2017-02-18 | Inf-sup stable finite-element methods for the Landau--Lifshitz--Gilbert and harmonic map heat flow equation | In this paper we propose and analyze a finite element method for both the
harmonic map heat and Landau--Lifshitz--Gilbert equation, the time variable
remaining continuous. Our starting point is to set out a unified saddle point
approach for both problems in order to impose the unit sphere constraint at the
nodes since ... | 1702.05588v2 |
2017-06-15 | Generalized Voltage-based State-Space Modelling of Modular Multilevel Converters with Constant Equilibrium in Steady-State | This paper demonstrates that the sum and difference of the upper and lower
arm voltages are suitable variables for deriving a generalized state-space
model of an MMC which settles at a constant equilibrium in steady-state
operation, while including the internal voltage and current dynamics. The
presented modelling appr... | 1706.04959v1 |
2017-11-07 | Global Properties of M31's Stellar Halo from the SPLASH Survey: III. Measuring the Stellar Velocity Dispersion Profile | We present the velocity dispersion of red giant branch (RGB) stars in M31's
halo, derived by modeling the line of sight velocity distribution of over 5000
stars in 50 fields spread throughout M31's stellar halo. The dataset was
obtained as part of the SPLASH (Spectroscopic and Photometric Landscape of
Andromeda's Stell... | 1711.02700v1 |
2017-12-19 | Efficient implementations of the Multivariate Decomposition Method for approximating infinite-variate integrals | In this paper we focus on efficient implementations of the Multivariate
Decomposition Method (MDM) for approximating integrals of $\infty$-variate
functions. Such $\infty$-variate integrals occur for example as expectations in
uncertainty quantification. Starting with the anchored decomposition $f =
\sum_{\mathfrak{u}\... | 1712.06782v3 |
2018-05-24 | Impact of thermal fluctuations on transport in antiferromagnetic semimetals | Recent demonstrations on manipulating antiferromagnetic (AF) order have
triggered a growing interest in antiferromagnetic metal (AFM), and potential
high-density spintronic applications demand further improvements in the
anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR). The antiferromagnetic semimetals (AFS) are
newly discovered ma... | 1805.09826v1 |
2018-05-29 | An exact solution for choosing the largest measurement from a sample drawn from an uniform distribution | In "Recognizing the Maximum of a Sequence", Gilbert and Mosteller analyze a
full information game where n measurements from an uniform distribution are
drawn and a player (knowing n) must decide at each draw whether or not to
choose that draw. The goal is to maximize the probability of choosing the draw
that correspond... | 1805.11556v1 |
2018-06-28 | From clusters to queries: exploiting uncertainty in the modularity landscape of complex networks | Uncovering latent community structure in complex networks is a field that has
received an enormous amount of attention. Unfortunately, whilst potentially
very powerful, unsupervised methods for uncovering labels based on topology
alone has been shown to suffer from several difficulties. For example, the
search space fo... | 1806.10904v1 |
2018-07-05 | Veloce Rosso: Australia's new precision radial velocity spectrograph | Veloce is an ultra-stable fibre-fed R4 echelle spectrograph for the 3.9 m
Anglo-Australian Telescope. The first channel to be commissioned, Veloce
'Rosso', utilises multiple low-cost design innovations to obtain Doppler
velocities for Sun-like and M-dwarf stars at <1 m/s precision. The spectrograph
has an asymmetric wh... | 1807.01938v1 |
2018-07-19 | Generalized Metric Repair on Graphs | Many modern data analysis algorithms either assume that or are considerably
more efficient if the distances between the data points satisfy a metric. These
algorithms include metric learning, clustering, and dimensionality reduction.
Because real data sets are noisy, the similarity measures often fail to satisfy
a metr... | 1807.07619v1 |
2018-10-17 | Precipitating Ordered Skyrmion Lattices from Helical Spaghetti | Magnetic skyrmions have been the focus of intense research due to their
potential applications in ultra-high density data and logic technologies, as
well as for the unique physics arising from their antisymmetric exchange term
and topological protections. In this work we prepare a chiral jammed state in
chemically diso... | 1810.07631v1 |
2018-11-09 | Post-randomization Biomarker Effect Modification in an HIV Vaccine Clinical Trial | While the HVTN 505 trial showed no overall efficacy of the tested vaccine to
prevent HIV infection over placebo, previous studies, biological theories, and
the finding that immune response markers strongly correlated with infection in
vaccine recipients generated the hypothesis that a qualitative interaction
occurred. ... | 1811.03930v1 |
2019-03-22 | Natural reward as the fundamental macroevolutionary force | Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection does not predict long-term
progress or advancement, nor does it provide a useful way to define or
understand these concepts. Nevertheless, the history of life is marked by major
trends that appear progressive, and seemingly more advanced forms of life have
appeared. To ... | 1903.09567v1 |
2019-07-15 | Entanglement-assisted Quantum Codes from Algebraic Geometry Codes | Quantum error correcting codes play the role of suppressing noise and
decoherence in quantum systems by introducing redundancy. Some strategies can
be used to improve the parameters of these codes. For example, entanglement can
provide a way for quantum error correcting codes to achieve higher rates than
the one obtain... | 1907.06357v2 |
2019-09-06 | Parameter identification for the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation in Magnetic Particle Imaging | Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a tracer-based technique for medical
imaging where the tracer consists of ironoxide nanoparticles. The key idea is
to measure the particle response to a temporally changing external magnetic
field to compute the spatial concentration of the tracer inside the object. A
decent mathemati... | 1909.02912v1 |
2019-11-06 | Automated Left Ventricle Dimension Measurement in 2D Cardiac Ultrasound via an Anatomically Meaningful CNN Approach | Two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) measurements of left ventricle (LV)
dimensions are highly significant markers of several cardiovascular diseases.
These measurements are often used in clinical care despite suffering from large
variability between observers. This variability is due to the challenging
nature of acc... | 1911.02448v1 |
2019-11-12 | Linear-mode avalanche photodiode arrays for low-noise near-infrared imaging in space | Astronomical observations often require the detection of faint signals in the
presence of noise, and the near-infrared regime is no exception. In particular,
where the application has short exposure time constraints, we are frequently
and unavoidably limited by the read noise of a system. A recent and
revolutionary dev... | 1911.04684v1 |
2020-03-17 | Maximizing Influence-based Group Shapley Centrality | One key problem in network analysis is the so-called influence maximization
problem, which consists in finding a set $S$ of at most $k$ seed users, in a
social network, maximizing the spread of information from $S$. This paper
studies a related but slightly different problem: We want to find a set $S$ of
at most $k$ se... | 2003.07966v1 |
2020-04-24 | Single-electron operation of a silicon-CMOS 2x2 quantum dot array with integrated charge sensing | The advanced nanoscale integration available in silicon complementary
metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology provides a key motivation for its
use in spin-based quantum computing applications. Initial demonstrations of
quantum dot formation and spin blockade in CMOS foundry-compatible devices are
encouraging, but ... | 2004.11558v1 |
2020-08-22 | Measurement of magnetic fields using the voltage generated by a vibrating wire | A vibrating wire may be used as an instrument with a variety of applications,
one of which is the measurement of magnetic fields. Often, the magnetic fields
are determined by measuring the amplitude of the wire vibration under the
action of a Lorentz force. Though generally adequate, this approach may be
inconvenient i... | 2008.09898v1 |
2020-11-25 | Domain wall motion in axially symmetric spintronic nanowires | This article is concerned with the dynamics of magnetic domain walls (DWs) in
nanowires as solutions to the classical Landau-Lifschitz-Gilbert equation
augmented by a typically non-variational Slonczewski term for spin-torque
effects. Taking applied field and spin-polarization as the primary parameters,
we study dynami... | 2012.01343v1 |
2020-12-08 | Sparse Correspondence Analysis for Contingency Tables | Since the introduction of the lasso in regression, various sparse methods
have been developed in an unsupervised context like sparse principal component
analysis (s-PCA), sparse canonical correlation analysis (s-CCA) and sparse
singular value decomposition (s-SVD). These sparse methods combine feature
selection and dim... | 2012.04271v1 |
2020-12-27 | Vacuum Stability Conditions for Higgs Potentials with $SU(2)_L$ Triplets | Tree-level dynamical stability of scalar field potentials in renormalizable
theories can in principle be expressed in terms of positivity conditions on
quartic polynomial structures. However, these conditions cannot always be cast
in a fully analytical resolved form, involving only the couplings and being
valid for all... | 2012.13947v2 |
2021-03-25 | Phases of Small Worlds: A Mean Field Formulation | A network is said to have the properties of a small world if a suitably
defined average distance between any two nodes is proportional to the logarithm
of the number of nodes, $N$. In this paper, we present a novel derivation of
the small-world property for Gilbert-Erd\"os-Renyi random networks. We employ a
mean field ... | 2103.14001v2 |
2021-05-04 | Evaluating Metrics for Standardized Benchmarking of Remote Presence Systems | To reduce the need for business-related air travel and its associated energy
consumption and carbon footprint, the U.S. Department of Energy's ARPA-E is
supporting a research project called SCOTTIE - Systematic Communication
Objectives and Telecommunications Technology Investigations and Evaluations.
SCOTTIE tests virt... | 2105.01772v1 |
2021-07-12 | Partially Concatenated Calderbank-Shor-Steane Codes Achieving the Quantum Gilbert-Varshamov Bound Asymptotically | In this paper, we utilize a concatenation scheme to construct new families of
quantum error correction codes achieving the quantum Gilbert-Varshamov (GV)
bound asymptotically. We concatenate alternant codes with any linear code
achieving the classical GV bound to construct Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS)
codes. We show th... | 2107.05174v2 |
2021-07-12 | Assessment of Immune Correlates of Protection via Controlled Vaccine Efficacy and Controlled Risk | Immune correlates of protection (CoPs) are immunologic biomarkers accepted as
a surrogate for an infectious disease clinical endpoint and thus can be used
for traditional or provisional vaccine approval. To study CoPs in randomized,
placebo-controlled trials, correlates of risk (CoRs) are first assessed in
vaccine reci... | 2107.05734v1 |
2021-07-23 | Efficient nonparametric estimation of the covariate-adjusted threshold-response function, a support-restricted stochastic intervention | Identifying a biomarker or treatment-dose threshold that marks a specified
level of risk is an important problem, especially in clinical trials. This
risk, viewed as a function of thresholds and possibly adjusted for covariates,
we call the threshold-response function. Extending the work of Donovan, Hudgens
and Gilbert... | 2107.11459v2 |
2021-10-15 | The radio SZ effect as a probe of the cosmological radio background | If there is a substantial cosmological radio background, there should be a
radio Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect that goes along with it. The radio
background Comptonization leads to a slight photon excess at all wavelengths,
while Comptonization of the CMB at low frequencies leads to a decrement. For
levels of the radio... | 2110.08373v1 |
2021-10-20 | No Transits of Proxima Centauri Planets in High-Cadence TESS Data | Proxima Centauri is our nearest stellar neighbor and one of the most
well-studied stars in the sky. In 2016, a planetary companion was detected
through radial velocity measurements. Proxima Centauri b has a minimum mass of
1.3 Earth masses and orbits with a period of 11.2 days at 0.05 AU from its
stellar host, and resi... | 2110.10702v2 |
2021-12-20 | Analysis of preintegration followed by quasi-Monte Carlo integration for distribution functions and densities | In this paper, we analyse a method for approximating the distribution
function and density of a random variable that depends in a non-trivial way on
a possibly high number of independent random variables, each with support on
the whole real line. Starting with the integral formulations of the
distribution and density, ... | 2112.10308v5 |
2021-12-21 | Exponential decay of intersection volume with applications on list-decodability and Gilbert-Varshamov type bound | We give some natural sufficient conditions for balls in a metric space to
have small intersection. Roughly speaking, this happens when the metric space
is (i) expanding and (ii) well-spread, and (iii) a certain random variable on
the boundary of a ball has a small tail. As applications, we show that the
volume of inter... | 2112.11274v2 |
2021-12-22 | Preintegration is not smoothing when monotonicity fails | Preintegration is a technique for high-dimensional integration over
$d$-dimensional Euclidean space, which is designed to reduce an integral whose
integrand contains kinks or jumps to a $(d-1)$-dimensional integral of a smooth
function. The resulting smoothness allows efficient evaluation of the
$(d-1)$-dimensional int... | 2112.11621v1 |
2021-12-30 | A causal inference framework for spatial confounding | Recently, addressing spatial confounding has become a major topic in spatial
statistics. However, the literature has provided conflicting definitions, and
many proposed definitions do not address the issue of confounding as it is
understood in causal inference. We define spatial confounding as the existence
of an unmea... | 2112.14946v7 |
2022-01-20 | Accurate modeling of grazing transits using umbrella sampling | Grazing transits present a special problem for statistical studies of
exoplanets. Even though grazing planetary orbits are rare (due to geometric
selection effects), for many low to moderate signal-to-noise cases, a
significant fraction of the posterior distribution is nonetheless consistent
with a grazing geometry. A ... | 2201.08350v1 |
2022-04-22 | Reward Reports for Reinforcement Learning | Building systems that are good for society in the face of complex societal
effects requires a dynamic approach. Recent approaches to machine learning (ML)
documentation have demonstrated the promise of discursive frameworks for
deliberation about these complexities. However, these developments have been
grounded in a s... | 2204.10817v3 |
2022-05-29 | Generalized Stochastic Matching | In this paper, we generalize the recently studied Stochastic Matching problem
to more accurately model a significant medical process, kidney exchange, and
several other applications. Up until now the Stochastic Matching problem that
has been studied was as follows: given a graph G = (V, E), each edge is
included in the... | 2205.14717v1 |
2022-07-25 | Spin-transfer and spin-orbit torques in the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation | Dynamic simulations of spin-transfer and spin-orbit torques are increasingly
important for a wide range of spintronic devices including magnetic random
access memory, spin-torque nano-oscillators and electrical switching of
antiferromagnets. Here we present a computationally efficient method for the
implementation of s... | 2207.12071v2 |
2022-08-03 | On ergodic invariant measures for the stochastic Landau-Lifschitz-Gilbert equation in 1D | We establish existence of an ergodic invariant measure on
$H^1(D,\mathbb{R}^3)\cap L^2(D,\mathbb{S}^2)$ for the stochastic
Landau-Lifschitz-Gilbert equation on a bounded one dimensional interval $D$.
The conclusion is achieved by employing the classical Krylov-Bogoliubov
theorem. In contrast to other equations, verifyi... | 2208.02136v2 |
2023-01-25 | The Benchmark M Dwarf Eclipsing Binary CM Draconis With TESS: Spots, Flares and Ultra-Precise Parameters | A gold standard for the study of M dwarfs is the eclipsing binary CM
Draconis. It is rare because it is bright ($J_{\rm mag}=8.5$) and contains twin
fully convective stars on an almost perfectly edge-on orbit. Both masses and
radii were previously measured to better than $1\%$ precision, amongst the best
known. We use ... | 2301.10858v2 |
2023-02-23 | Beyond Bias and Compliance: Towards Individual Agency and Plurality of Ethics in AI | AI ethics is an emerging field with multiple, competing narratives about how
to best solve the problem of building human values into machines. Two major
approaches are focused on bias and compliance, respectively. But neither of
these ideas fully encompasses ethics: using moral principles to decide how to
act in a part... | 2302.12149v1 |
2023-04-03 | Three-Dimensional Structure of Hybrid Magnetic Skyrmions Determined by Neutron Scattering | Magnetic skyrmions are topologically protected chiral spin textures which
present opportunities for next-generation magnetic data storage and logic
information technologies. The topology of these structures originates in the
geometric configuration of the magnetic spins - more generally described as the
structure. Whil... | 2304.01369v2 |
2023-05-18 | Towards Intersectional Moderation: An Alternative Model of Moderation Built on Care and Power | Shortcomings of current models of moderation have driven policy makers,
scholars, and technologists to speculate about alternative models of content
moderation. While alternative models provide hope for the future of online
spaces, they can fail without proper scaffolding. Community moderators are
routinely confronted ... | 2305.11250v1 |
2023-06-08 | Environmental Considerations in the age of Space Exploration: the Conservation and Protection of Non-Earth Environments | This document is an abbreviated version of the law review, led by Alexander
Q. Gilbert, entitled: "Major Federal Actions Significantly Affecting the
Quality of the Space Environment: Applying NEPA to Federal and Federally
Authorized Outer Space Activities." Here, we discuss the future of the space
environment, and how ... | 2306.05594v1 |
2023-07-13 | Accurate and efficient photo-eccentric transit modeling | A planet's orbital eccentricity is fundamental to understanding the present
dynamical state of a system and is a relic of its formation history. There is
high scientific value in measuring eccentricities of Kepler and TESS planets
given the sheer size of these samples and the diversity of their planetary
systems. Howev... | 2307.07070v1 |
2023-09-01 | A decoupled, convergent and fully linear algorithm for the Landau--Lifshitz--Gilbert equation with magnetoelastic effects | We consider the coupled system of the Landau--Lifshitz--Gilbert equation and
the conservation of linear momentum law to describe magnetic processes in
ferromagnetic materials including magnetoelastic effects in the small-strain
regime. For this nonlinear system of time-dependent partial differential
equations, we prese... | 2309.00605v2 |
2023-11-09 | Skyrmion-Excited Spin Wave Fractal Network | Magnetic skyrmions exhibit unique, technologically relevant pseudo-particle
behaviors which arise from their topological protection, including
well-defined, three-dimensional dynamic modes that occur at microwave
frequencies. During dynamic excitation, spin waves are ejected into the
interstitial regions between skyrmi... | 2311.05469v1 |
2023-12-08 | Analysis of the magnetization control problem for the 2D evolutionary Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation | The magnetization control problem for the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG)
equation $m_t= m \times (\Delta m +u)- m \times (m \times (\Delta m +u)),\
(x,t) \in \Omega\times (0,T] $ with zero Neumann boundary data on a
two-dimensional bounded domain $\Omega$ is studied when the control energy $u$
is applied on the effectiv... | 2312.05165v1 |
2024-01-05 | Solutions to the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation in the frequency space: Discretization schemes for the dynamic-matrix approach | The dynamic matrix method addresses the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG)
equation in the frequency domain by transforming it into an eigenproblem.
Subsequent numerical solutions are derived from the eigenvalues and
eigenvectors of the dynamic matrix. In this work we explore discretization
methods needed to obtain a matrix... | 2401.02933v2 |
1995-10-27 | Radiation Damping and Quantum Excitation for Longitudinal Charged Particle Dynamics in the Thermal Wave Model | On the basis of the recently proposed {\it Thermal Wave Model (TWM) for
particle beams}, we give a description of the longitudinal charge particle
dynamics in circular accelerating machines by taking into account both
radiation damping and quantum excitation (stochastic effect), in presence of a
RF potential well. The ... | 9510004v1 |
1994-02-04 | Constraints on Models of Galaxy Formation from the Evolution of Damped Ly$α$ Absorption Systems | There is accumulating observational evidence suggesting that damped
Ly$\alpha$ absorption systems systems are the progenitors of present-day spiral
galaxies. We use the observed properties of these systems to place constraints
on the history of star formation in galactic disks, and on cosmological
theories of structure... | 9402015v1 |
1999-02-11 | The HI Column Density Distribution Function at z=0: the Connection to Damped Ly alpha Statistics | We present a measurement of the HI column density distribution function,
f(N), at the present epoch for column densities log N > 20 cm^-2. These high
column densities compare to those measured in damped Ly alpha lines seen in
absorption against background quasars. Although observationally rare, it
appears that the bulk... | 9902171v1 |
2000-10-27 | Planetary Torques as the Viscosity of Protoplanetary Disks | We revisit the idea that density-wave wakes of planets drive accretion in
protostellar disks. The effects of many small planets can be represented as a
viscosity if the wakes damp locally, but the viscosity is proportional to the
damping length. Damping occurs mainly by shocks even for earth-mass planets.
The excitatio... | 0010576v1 |
2000-12-27 | Constraining Dark Matter candidates from structure formation | We show that collisional damping of adiabatic primordial fluctuations yields
constraints on the possible range of mass and interaction rates of Dark Matter
particles. Our analysis relies on a general classification of Dark Matter
candidates, that we establish independently of any specific particle theory or
model. From... | 0012504v2 |
2001-07-26 | The Contribution of HI-Rich Galaxies to the Damped Absorber Population at z=0 | We present a study of HI-rich galaxies in the local universe selected from
blind emission-line surveys. These galaxies represent the emission-line
counterparts of local damped Lyman-alpha systems. We find that the HI
cross-section of galaxies is drawn from a large range of galaxy masses below
M_star, 66% of the area co... | 0107495v1 |
2003-11-17 | Cosmic Ray Scattering by Compressible Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence | Recent advances in understanding of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence call
for substantial revisions in the picture of cosmic ray transport. In this paper
we use recently obtained scaling laws for MHD modes to calculate the scattering
frequency for cosmic rays in the ISM. We consider gyroresonance with MHD modes
(Al... | 0311369v1 |
2003-11-17 | Wave damping by MHD turbulence and its effect upon cosmic ray propagation in the ISM | Cosmic rays scatter off magnetic irregularities (Alfven waves) with which
they are resonant, that is waves of wavelength comparable to their gyroradii.
These waves may be generated either by the cosmic rays themselves, if they
stream faster than the Alfven speed, or by sources of MHD turbulence. Waves
excited by stream... | 0311400v1 |
2004-10-25 | Constraints on Dark Matter interactions from structure formation: Damping lengths | (Shortened) Weakly Interacting Massive Particles are often said to be the
best Dark Matter candidates. Studies have shown however that rather large Dark
Matter-photon or Dark Matter-baryon interactions could be allowed by cosmology.
Here we address the question of the role of the Dark Matter interactions in
more detail... | 0410591v1 |
2005-10-10 | Collisional dissipation of Alfvén waves in a partially ionised solar chromosphere | Certain regions of the solar atmosphere are at sufficiently low temperatures
to be only partially ionised. The lower chromosphere contains neutral atoms,
the existence of which greatly increases the efficiency of the damping of waves
due to collisional friction momentum transfer. More specifically the Cowling
conductiv... | 0510265v1 |
2006-04-10 | The Nearby Damped Lyman-alpha Absorber SBS 1543+593: A Large HI Envelope in a Gas-Rich Galaxy Group | We present a Very Large Array (VLA) HI 21cm map and optical observations of
the region around one of the nearest damped Lyman-alpha absorbers beyond the
local group, SBS 1543+593. Two previously uncataloged galaxies have been
discovered and a redshift has been determined for a third. All three of these
galaxies are at ... | 0604220v1 |
2006-08-02 | SINS of Viscosity Damped Turbulence | The problems with explaining the Small Ionized and Neutral Structures (SINS)
appealing to turbulence stem from inefficiency of the Kolmogorov cascade in
creating large fluctuations at sufficiently small scales. However, other types
of cascades are possible. When magnetic turbulence in a fluid with viscosity
that is muc... | 0608046v3 |
1998-01-13 | Comparative Study of the Adiabatic Evolution of a Nonlinear Damped Oscillator and an Hamiltonian Generalized Nonlinear Oscillator | In this paper we study to what extent the canonical equivalence and the
identity of the geometric phases of dissipative and conservative linear
oscillators, established in a preceeding paper, can be generalized to nonlinear
ones. Considering first the 1-D quartic generalized oscillator we determine, by
means of a pertu... | 9801017v1 |
1995-03-20 | Quasiparticle damping in two-dimensional superconductors with unconventional pairing. | We calculate the damping of excitations due to four-fermionic interaction in
the case of two-dimensional superconductor with nodes in the spectrum. At zero
temperature and low frequencies it reveals gapless $\omega^3$ behavior at the
nodal points. With the frequency increasing the crossover to the normal-state
regimes ... | 9503112v1 |
1996-01-09 | Relaxation of Collective Excitations in LJ-13 Cluster | We have performed classical molecular dynamics simulation of $Ar_{13}$
cluster to study the behavior of collective excitations. In the solid ``phase''
of the cluster, the collective oscillation of the monopole mode can be well
fitted to a damped harmonic oscillator. The parameters of the equivalent damped
harmonic osci... | 9601026v2 |
1997-10-14 | Damping of Hydrodynamic Modes in a Trapped Bose Gas above the Bose-Einstein Transition Temperature | We calculate the damping of low-lying collective modes of a trapped Bose gas
in the hydrodynamic regime, and show that this comes solely from the shear
viscosity, since the contributions from bulk viscosity and thermal conduction
vanish. The hydrodynamic expression for the damping diverges due to the failure
of hydrody... | 9710130v2 |
1997-12-24 | Thermal dephasing and the echo effect in a confined Bose-Einstein condensate | It is shown that thermal fluctuations of the normal component induce
dephasing -- reversible damping of the low energy collective modes of a
confined Bose-Einstein condensate. The dephasing rate is calculated for the
isotropic oscillator trap, where Landau damping is expected to be suppressed.
This rate is characterize... | 9712287v1 |
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