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2020-09-28
Comparison of proton shower developments in the BGO calorimeter of the Dark Matter Particle Explorer between GEANT4 and FLUKA simulations
The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a satellite-borne detector for high-energy cosmic rays and $\gamma$-rays. To fully understand the detector performance and obtain reliable physical results, extensive simulations of the detector are necessary. The simulations are particularly important for the data analysis ...
2009.13036v1
2021-01-19
Sub-damped Lyman alpha systems in the XQ-100 survey II -- Chemical evolution at 2.4<z<4.3
We present the measured gas-phase metal column densities in 155 sub-damped Lyman alpha systems (subDLAs) with the aim to investigate the contribution of subDLAs to the chemical evolution of the Universe. The sample was identified within the absorber-blind XQ-100 quasar spectroscopic survey over the redshift range 2.4<=...
2101.07821v1
2021-04-24
Compressive oscillations in hot coronal loops: Are sloshing oscillations and standing slow waves independent?
Employing high-resolution EUV imaging observations from SDO/AIA, we analyse a compressive plasma oscillation in a hot coronal loop triggered by a C-class flare near one of its foot points as first studied by Kumar et al. We investigate the oscillation properties in both the 131{\,}{\AA} and 94{\,}{\AA} channels and fin...
2104.12038v1
2021-08-09
Synchronization of Power Systems under Stochastic Disturbances
The synchronization of power generators is an important condition for the proper functioning of a power system, in which the fluctuations in frequency and the phase angle differences between the generators are sufficiently small when subjected to stochastic disturbances. Serious fluctuations can prompt desynchronizatio...
2108.04667v2
2021-10-12
Two-body collapse model for self-gravitating flow of dark matter and generalized stable clustering hypothesis for pairwise velocity
Analytical tools are extremely hard to find for non-linear gravitational collpase. Only a few simple but powerful tools exist so far. Two examples are the spherical collapse model (SCM) and stable clustering hypothesis (SCH). We present a new analytical tool, a two-body collapse model (TBCM), that plays the same fundam...
2110.05784v2
2021-10-25
Capillary gravity water waves linearized at monotone shear flows: eigenvalues and inviscid damping
This paper is concerned with the eigenvalues and linear inviscid damping of the 2D capillary gravity water waves of finite depth $x_2\in(-h,0)$ linearized at a monotone shear flow $U(x_2)$. Unlike the linearized Euler equation in a fixed channel where eigenvalues exist only in low horizontal wave number $k$, we first p...
2110.12604v3
2021-12-01
Damped Ly-alpha Absorbers in Star-forming Galaxies at z < 0.15 Detected with the Hubble Space Telescope and Implications for Galaxy Evolution
We report {\it HST} COS spectroscopy of 10 quasars with foreground star-forming galaxies at 0.02$<$$z$$<$ 0.14 within impact parameters of $\sim$1-7 kpc. We detect damped/sub-damped Ly$\alpha$ absorption in 100$\%$ of cases where no higher-redshift Lyman-limit systems extinguish the flux at the expected wavelength of L...
2112.00870v1
2022-01-06
Parameter-free quantum hydrodynamic theory for plasmonics: Electron density-dependent damping rate and diffusion coefficient
Plasmonics is a rapid growing field, which has enabled both fundamental science and inventions of various quantum optoelectronic devices. An accurate and efficient method to calculate the optical response of metallic structures with feature size in the nanoscale plays an important role. Quantum hydrodynamic theory (QHT...
2201.03426v3
2022-01-12
Neutrino effective potential and damping in a fermion and scalar background in the resonance region
We consider the propagation of a neutrino or an antineutrino in a medium composed of fermions $f$ and scalars $\phi$ interacting via a Yukawa-type coupling of the form $\bar f\nu\phi$, for neutrino energies at which the processes like $\nu + \phi \leftrightarrow f$ or $\nu + \bar f \leftrightarrow \bar\phi$, and the co...
2201.04661v2
2022-01-19
Transverse Coronal-Loop Oscillations Induced by the Non-radial Eruption of a Magnetic Flux Rope
We investigate the transverse coronal-loop oscillations induced by the eruption of a prominence-carrying flux rope on 7 December 2012. The flux rope originating from NOAA Active Region (AR) 11621 was observed in EUV wavelengths by the SDO/AIA and in H$\alpha$ line center by the ground-based telescope at the BBSO. The e...
2201.07389v1
2022-03-16
Snowmass Whitepaper AF6: Plasma-Based Particle Sources
High-brightness beams generated by particle sources based on advanced accelerator concepts have the potential to become an essential part of future accelerator technology. High-gradient accelerators can generate and rapidly accelerate particle beams to relativistic energies while minimizing irreversible detrimental eff...
2203.08379v2
2022-04-04
Staring at the Shadows of Archaic Galaxies: Damped Ly$α$ and Metal Absorbers toward a Young $z \sim 6$ Weak-line Quasar
We characterize the Ly$\alpha$ halo and absorption systems toward PSO J083+11, a unique $z=6.3401$ weak-line quasar, using Gemini/GNIRS, Magellan/FIRE, and VLT/MUSE data. Strong absorptions by hydrogen and several metal lines (e.g., CII, MgII, and OI) are discovered in the spectrum, which indicates the presence of: (i)...
2204.01245v2
2022-04-28
Viscous inertial modes on a differentially rotating sphere: Comparison with solar observations
In a previous paper we studied the effect of latitudinal rotation on solar equatorial Rossby modes in the beta-plane approximation. Since then, a rich spectrum of inertial modes has been observed on the Sun, which is not limited to the equatorial Rossby modes and includes high-latitude modes. Here we extend the compu...
2204.13412v1
2022-10-18
Magnetohydrodynamic instabilities in a self-gravitating rotating cosmic plasma
The generation of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves and their instabilities are studied in galactic gaseous rotating plasmas with the effects of the magnetic field, the self gravity, the diffusion-convection of cosmic rays as well as the gas and cosmic-ray pressures. The coupling of the Jeans, Alfv{\'e}n and magnetosonic...
2210.09595v1
2023-04-17
Theoretical study of the Alfven Eigenmode stability in CFETR steady state discharges
The aim of this study is to analyze the stability of Alfven Eigenmodes (AE) in the China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) plasma for steady state operations. The analysis is done using the gyro-fluid code FAR3d including the effect of the acoustic modes, EP Finite Larmor radius damping effects and multiple energ...
2304.08412v1
2023-05-21
Small-amplitude Compressible Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence Modulated by Collisionless Damping in Earth's Magnetosheath: Observation Matches Theory
Plasma turbulence is a ubiquitous dynamical process that transfers energy across many spatial and temporal scales and affects energetic particle transport. Recent advances in the understanding of compressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence demonstrate the important role of damping in shaping energy distributions ...
2305.12507v3
2023-07-14
PIC simulations of stable surface waves on a subcritical fast magnetosonic shock front
We study with particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations the stability of fast magnetosonic shocks. They expand across a collisionless plasma and an orthogonal magnetic field that is aligned with one of the directions resolved by the 2D simulations. The shock speed is 1.6 times the fast magnetosonic speed when it enters a laye...
2307.07435v1
2023-08-03
Part I: Rebuttal to "Uniform stabilization for the Timoshenko beam by a locally distributed damping"
A paper, entitled "Uniform stabilization for the Timoshenko beam by a locally distributed damping" was published in 2003, in the journal Electronic Journal of Differential Equations. Its title concerns exclusively its Section 3, devoted to the case of equal speeds of propagation and to its main theorem, namely Theorem ...
2308.01611v1
2023-09-01
f-mode oscillations of anisotropic neutron stars in full general relativity
We investigate f-mode oscillations of static anisotropic stable neutron stars within the framework of full general relativity. We present equations governing unperturbed stellar structures and oscillations with an ansatz to account for the anisotropy. We solve those equations for two different equations of states. We s...
2309.00439v2
2023-09-10
Stability and Regularity for Double Wall Carbon Nanotubes Modeled as Timoshenko Beams with Thermoelastic Effects and Intermediate Damping
This research studies two systems composed by the Timoshenko beam model for double wall carbon nanotubes, coupled with the heat equation governed by Fourier's law. For the first system, the coupling is given by the speed the rotation of the vertical filament in the beam $\beta\psi_t$ from the first beam of Tymoshenko a...
2309.04906v1
2023-11-03
Probing the disc-jet coupling in S4 0954+65, PKS 0903-57, & 4C +01.02 with $γ$-rays
We present a comprehensive variability study on three blazars, S4 0954+65, PKS 0903-57, and 4C +01.02 covering a mass range of log(M/M$_{\odot}$) = 8--9, by using $\sim$15 years-long $\gamma$-ray light curves from \textit{Fermi}-LAT. The variability level is characterized by the fractional variability amplitude which i...
2311.01738v1
2023-11-30
Compton scattering of electrons in the intergalactic medium
This paper investigates the distribution and implications of cosmic ray electrons within the intergalactic medium (IGM). Utilizing a synthesis model of the extragalactic background, we evolve the spectrum of Compton-included cosmic rays. The energy density distribution of cosmic ray electrons peaks at redshift $z \appr...
2311.18721v2
2024-01-18
Chronicling the reionization history at $6\lesssim z \lesssim 7$ with emergent quasar damping wings
The spectra of high-redshift ($z\gtrsim 6$) quasars contain valuable information on the progression of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). At redshifts $z<6$, the observed Lyman-series forest shows that the intergalactic medium (IGM) is nearly ionized, while at $z>7$ the observed quasar damping wings indicate high neutral...
2401.10328v1
2024-03-04
Exploring Standing and Reflected Slow-mode Waves in Flaring Coronal Loops: A Parametric Study Using 2.5D MHD Modeling
Recent observations of reflected propagating and standing slow-mode waves in hot flaring coronal loops have spurred our investigation into their underlying excitation and damping mechanisms. To understand these processes, we conduct 2.5D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations using an arcade active region model that inc...
2403.02464v1
2024-04-05
Searching for Emission Lines at $z>11$: The Role of Damped Lyman-$α$ and Hints About the Escape of Ionizing Photons
We describe new ultra-deep James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) NIRSpec PRISM and grating spectra for the galaxies JADES-GS-z11-0 ($z_{\mathrm{spec}} = 11.122^{+0.005}_{-0.003}$) and JADES-GS-z13-0 ($z_{\mathrm{spec}} = 13.20^{+0.03}_{-0.04}$), the most distant spectroscopically-confirmed galaxy discovered in the first ye...
2404.04325v1
2022-04-17
Sharper Bounds on Four Lattice Constants
The Korkine--Zolotareff (KZ) reduction, and its generalisations, are widely used lattice reduction strategies in communications and cryptography. The KZ constant and Schnorr's constant were defined by Schnorr in 1987. The KZ constant can be used to quantify some useful properties of KZ reduced matrices. Schnorr's const...
2204.08021v1
1998-09-23
An Unexpected Electrovac Solution with the Negative Cosmological Constant
An exact solution of the current-free Einstein-Maxwell equations with the cosmological constant is presented. The solution is of Petrov type D, includes the negative cosmological constant, and could be a ``background addition'' to the present-day models of the universe. It has a surprising property such that its electr...
9809066v2
2006-05-24
New Universal Flavor-Electroweak Physical Constant and Neutrino Type
By analogy with the solution of the classical physics problems achieved not by an extension of the established dynamic and symmetry knowledge but by the emergence of a fundamentally new empirical physical constant h leading to quantum mechanics, I address in this paper the known basic problems of lepton mass ratios, ne...
0605267v6
2023-11-10
Robust Constant-Time Cryptography
The constant-time property is considered the security standard for cryptographic code. Code following the constant-time discipline is free from secret-dependent branches and memory accesses, and thus avoids leaking secrets through cache and timing side-channels. The constant-time property makes a number of implicit ass...
2311.05831v1
2023-11-24
Constant-Time Wasmtime, for Real This Time: End-to-End Verified Zero-Overhead Constant-Time Programming for the Web and Beyond
We claim that existing techniques and tools for generating and verifying constant-time code are incomplete, since they rely on assumptions that compiler optimization passes do not break constant-timeness or that certain operations execute in constant time on the hardware. We present the first end-to-end constant-time-a...
2311.14246v1
1994-11-01
Symplectic Computation of Lyapunov Exponents
A recently developed method for the calculation of Lyapunov exponents of dynamical systems is described. The method is applicable whenever the linearized dynamics is Hamiltonian. By utilizing the exponential representation of symplectic matrices, this approach avoids the renormalization and reorthogonalization procedur...
9411001v1
1993-10-28
Modes of Elliptical Galaxies
Long lived modes of elliptical galaxies can exist {\it \`a la} van Kampen. Specific systems may possess long lived oscillations which Landau damp on time scales longer than a Hubble time. Some physical processes such as a close encounter, tidal forces from a cluster or an orbiting satellite could preferentially excite ...
9310050v1
1994-12-19
Massive Neutrinos and Galaxy Formation
We report the most recent results from high-resolution numerical simulations of structure formation in two flat cold+hot dark matter models with neutrino mass densities $\onu=0.2$ and 0.3. We find that structure forms too late in all CDM+HDM models with $\onu>0.2$ to account for the amount of dense neutral gas in high-...
9412068v1
1995-01-30
Element Abundances at High Redshifts: The N/O Ratio at Low Metallicity
Our knowledge of galactic chemical evolution is currently limited to observations of Milky Way stars and H II regions of nearby galaxies. Damped Lyman~$\alpha$ systems offer a new approach for tracking the evolution of normal galaxies from early epochs to the present day. Here we report the first measurements of nitrog...
9501105v1
1996-06-21
Measuring the Curvature of the Universe
We discuss how the curvature of the universe can be robustly measured employing only the gross features of the CMB anisotropy spectrum. Though the position of the first peak is not robust, uncertainties in the model for structure formation can be removed by using the spacing of the acoustic peaks and the location of th...
9606140v1
1996-10-24
Small-angle anisotropies in the CMBR from active sources
We consider the effects of photon diffusion on the small-angle microwave background anisotropies due to active source models. We find that fluctuations created just before the time of last scattering allow anisotropy to be created on scales much smaller than allowed by standard Silk damping. Using simple models for str...
9610197v1
1996-11-06
Interactions Between Massive Dark Halos And Warped Disks
The normal mode theory for warping of galaxy disks, in which disks are assumed to be tilted with respect to the equator of a massive, flattened dark halo, assumes a rigid, fixed halo. However, consideration of the back-reaction by a misaligned disk on a massive particle halo shows there to be strong coupling leading to...
9611050v1
1996-11-19
Reheating and causal thermodynamics
The reheating process in inflationary universe models is considered as an out-of-equilibrium mixture of two interacting and reacting fluids, and studied within the framework of causal, irreversible thermodynamics. The evolution of the temperature and the decay rate as determined by causal thermodynamics are estimated a...
9611147v1
1996-12-04
UV HST Spectroscopy of Star-Forming Galaxies
HST spectroscopical observations of 8 HII galaxies are reported. Ly alpha emission was detected in 4 of them. We find that the velocity structure of the gas is the main determining factor for the escape of the Ly alpha photons, and not the abundance of dust. The rest of the sample shows broad damped Ly alpha absorption...
9612043v1
1996-12-05
Modified Artificial Viscosity in Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics
Artificial viscosity is needed in Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics to prevent interparticle penetration, to allow shocks to form and to damp post shock oscillations. Artificial viscosity may, however, lead to problems such as unwanted heating and unphysical solutions. A modification of the standard artificial viscosity re...
9612050v2
1997-02-16
Barnett Relaxation in Thermally-Rotating Grains
We present an exact formulation of the physics of Barnett relaxation. Our formulation is based on a realistic kinetic model of the relaxation mechanism which includes the alignment of the grain angular momentum in body coordinates by Barnett dissipation, disalignment by thermal fluctuations, and coupling of the angular...
9702138v1
1997-04-16
Gravitational Waves from Phase Transition of Accreting Neutron Stars
We propose that when neutron stars in low-mass X-ray binaries accrete sufficient mass and become millisecond pulsars, the interiors of these stars may undergo phase transitions, which excite stellar radial oscillations. We show that the radial oscillations will be mainly damped by gravitational-wave radiation instead o...
9704161v1
1997-07-08
Collisionless Relaxation in Galactic Dynamics and the Evolution of Long Range Order
This talk provides a critical assessment of collisionless galactic dynamics, focusing on the interpretation and limitations of the collisionless Boltzmann equation and the physical mechanisms associated with collisionless relaxation. Numerical and theoretical arguments are presented to motivate the idea that the evolut...
9707103v1
1997-10-31
On Breaking Cosmic Degeneracy
It has been argued that the power spectrum of the anisotropies in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) may be effectively degenerate, namely that the observable spectrum does not determine a unique set of cosmological parameters. We describe the physical origin of this degeneracy and show that at small angular scales ...
9710364v1
1998-01-05
Model Predictions for Clustering and Morphologies at HDF depths
The current status of numerical simulations of the formation of galaxies is reviewed. Success and failure of modeling galaxies at low and high redshift is demonstrated using a variety of examples, such as the Tully-Fisher relation, the appearance of high-redshift galaxies and the kinematics of damped Lya systems. The r...
9801025v1
1998-05-26
Do Soft Gamma Repeaters Emit Gravitational Waves?
Soft gamma repeaters are identified as highly magnetized (B$\approx 10^{14}$ Gauss) neutron stars. Magnetic stresses induce tectonic activity, and field annihilation in faults is the ultimate energy source for the observed $\gamma$-ray emission. As a consequence of the crustal cracking, the stored elastic energy is con...
9805321v1
1998-06-29
The impact on cosmology of a primordial scaling field
A scalar field with an exponential potential has the particular property that it is attracted into a solution in which its energy scales as the dominant component (radiation or matter) of the Universe, contributing a fixed fraction of the total energy density. We briefly discuss the dynamics of such a scalar field and ...
9806373v1
2000-01-05
Cold gas, the HI 21cm line and evolving galactic potentials
Neutral hydrogen traces gravitational potentials. In the nearby universe, 21cm emission-line surveys show that the bulk of the HI resides in well-formed, optically-luminous galaxies. At high redshift, 21cm line absorption against background radio quasars occurs in gas-rich systems identified with the highest HI column ...
0001070v1
2000-01-19
Stochastic Acceleration and Non-Thermal Radiation in Clusters of Galaxies
We calculate the distribution of electrons in clusters of galaxies, resulting from thermalization processes in the presence of stochastic acceleration due to plasma waves. We show that the electron distribution can deviate from a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, due to the effect of the stochastic energy gain, provided ...
0001344v1
2000-02-29
Models of Wave Supported Clumps in Giant Molecular Clouds
We present plane-parallel equilibrium models of molecular clumps that are supported by Alfven waves damped by the linear process of ion-neutral friction. We used a WKB approximation to treat the inward propagation of waves and adopted a realistic ionization structure influenced by dissociation and ionization due to pho...
0002531v1
2000-03-20
Old models for Cygnus X-1 and AGN
Recently, there appeared many papers devoted to the modeling of X-ray properties of Cygnus X-1 and other black hole accretion disk candidates: e.g. J.Poutanen, J.Krolik, F.Ryde, MNRAS 292 (1997) L21; E.Agol, J.Krolik, ApJ 507 (1998) 304; A.Beloborodov, in ``High Energy Processes in Accreting Black Holes'', ASP Conf. Se...
0003275v1
2000-05-08
X-ray Fluctuations from the Slim Disk
The responses of perturbations added into the optically thick, advection-dominated accretion disk (ADAD), what we call the slim disk (SD), are investigated through numerical simulations. Although it is proposed that the SD is thermally stable, I find that a perturbation added into the disk is not rapidly damped and mov...
0005162v1
2000-10-18
Disks at High Redshift: Interactions, Mergers, and Starbursts
Do disk galaxies exist at redshifts much greater than unity, and how might they look different from local disks? How does the morphological mix of galaxies change with redshift? What can we learn from current observations about the properties of high redshift galactic disks? I present theoretical predictions based on s...
0010350v1
2001-01-10
Fast Zonal Field Dynamo in Collisionless Kinetic Alfven Wave Turbulence
The possibility of fast dynamo action by collisionless kinetic Alfven Wave turbulence is demonstrated. The irreversibility necessary to lock in the generated field is provided by electron Landau damping, so the induced electric field does not vanish with resistivity. Mechanisms for self-regulation of the system and the...
0101159v1
2001-09-27
The theory of CMB anisotropies
This is a review of the theory of CMB anisotropies, an updated version of a course given at the troisieme cycle de la Suisse Romande. An introduction to gauge invariant cosmological perturbation theory is given and the theory CMB anisotropies is develiped in this context. Simple analytical approximations for the acoust...
0109522v1
2001-11-30
Chemical Abundances in High-Redshift Neutral Clouds
Neutral hydrogen clouds with high column density detected towards distant quasars are unique probes of elemental nucleosynthesis and chemical evolution in the low metallicity regime. They provide measurements for several elements at very early times which are unfeasible in other astrophysical environments. Comparison b...
0111592v1
2001-12-21
Quasar Absorption Lines
The absorption lines observed in quasar spectra have given us a detailed picture of the intergalactic medium and the metal abundance and kinematics of high redshift galaxies. In this review, we present an introduction to the field, starting with the techniques used for interpreting absorption line spectra. We then surv...
0112521v1
2002-01-25
Numerical studies of galaxy formation using special purpose hardware
I review recent progress in numerically simulating the formation and evolution of galaxies in hierarchically clustering universes. Special emphasis is given to results based on high-resolution gas dynamical simulations using the N-body hardware integrator GRAPE. Applications address the origin of the spin of disk galax...
0201427v1
2002-09-10
Extrasolar Planets and Mean-Motion Resonances
The 2:1 orbital resonances of the GJ 876 system can be easily established by the differential planet migration due to planet-nebula interaction. Significant eccentricity damping is required to produce the observed orbital eccentricities. The geometry of the GJ 876 resonance configuration differs from that of the Io-Eur...
0209176v1
2002-09-17
Discrimination of Quark Stars from Neutron Stars in Quadrupole Oscillations
The frequencies and damping times due to gravitational radiation are calculated for self-bound quark star models. The results are compared with those for neutron star models. They are markedly contrasted in less relativistic cases. The distinction derived here from a simple model of quark stars may be relevant to the f...
0209320v1
2002-09-30
Perspectives in Galactic Chemical Evolution studies
In this review I focus on a few selected topics, where recent theoretical and/or observational progress has been made and important developments are expected in the future. They include: 1) Evolution of isotopic ratios, 2) Mixing processes and dispersion in abundance ratios, 3) Abundance gradients in the Galactic disk ...
0209620v1
2003-04-10
Challenges in generating density perturbations from a fluctuating inflaton coupling
We discuss the possibility of generating adiabatic density perturbations from spatial fluctuations in the inflaton decay rate which are due to quantum fluctuations of light moduli fields coupling to the inflaton. We point out that non-renormalizable operators, which lift the flatness of the moduli potential, play an im...
0304187v1
2003-05-06
Depletion of small dust grains in the early stages of molecule formation
ISOCAM allowed the observation of diffuse interstellar regions where the transition from atomic to molecular gas takes place. In this contribution we report on spectacular variations of small dust grains abundance in such regions observed with ISOCAM. In the four cirrus-like clouds observed, we note a systematic disapp...
0305084v1
2003-05-07
Constraining the curvaton scenario
We analyse the curvaton scenario in the context of supersymmetry. Supersymmetric theories contain many scalars, and therefore many curvaton candidates. To obtain a scale invariant perturbation spectrum, the curvaton mass should be small during inflation $m \ll H$. This can be achieved by invoking symmetries, which supp...
0305101v2
2003-05-18
Bulk viscosity of strange quark matter in density-dependent quark mass model and dissipation of r-modes in strange stars
We study the bulk viscosity of strange quark matter(SQM) in density dependent quark mass model(DDQM) under the background of self-consistent thermodynamics. The correct formulae, with which the viscosity can be evaluated, are derived. We also find that the viscosity in DDQM can be higher by 2 to 3 orders of magnitude t...
0305320v1
2004-11-02
Spurious contribution to CR scattering calculations
The quasilinear theory for cosmic ray propagation is a well known and widely accepted theory. In this paper, we discuss the different contributions to the pitch-angle Fokker-Planck coefficient from large and small scales for slab geometry using the damping model of dynamical turbulence. These examinations will give us ...
0411074v1
2005-06-07
Resonant absorption in dissipative flux tubes
We study the resonant absorption of MHD waves in magnetized flux tubes with a radial density inhomogeneity. Within the approximation that resistive and viscous processes are operative in thin layers surrounding the singularities of the MHD equations, we give the full spectrum of the eigenfrequencies and damping rates o...
0506141v3
2005-06-28
Probing the interior of neutron stars with gravitational waves
We show here how the internal structure of a neutron star can be inferred from its gravitational wave spectrum. Under the premise that the frequencies and damping rates of a few $w$-mode oscillations are found, we apply an inversion scheme to determine its mass, radius and density distribution. In addition, accurate eq...
0506681v1
2005-07-30
The Largest Scale We Can Detect in the Universe and the Inflation
From the damping of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB) anisotropy power spectrum at large scale and the recent accelerating expansion of the Universe, we find that, there may be a largest scale which we can detect in the Universe. From this, we can get the inflation parameters as spectrum index $n_s$, e-...
0508008v3
2005-12-15
Galaxy Formation
I summarize current knowledge of galaxy formation with emphasis on the initial conditions provided by the Lambda CDM cosmology, integral constraints from cosmological quantities, and the demographics of high-redshift protogalaxies. Tables are provided summarizing the number density, star formation rate and stellar mass...
0512384v1
2006-01-16
Bistability in Interstellar Gas-Phase Chemistry
We present an analysis of "bistability" in gas-phase chemical models of dark interstellar clouds. We identify the chemical mechanisms that allow high- and low-ionization solutions to the chemical rate-equations to coexist. We derive simple analytic scaling relations for the gas densities and ionization rates for which ...
0601323v1
2006-01-25
Primordial magnetic fields and CMB anisotropies
Possible signatures of primordial magnetic fields on the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature and polarization anisotropies are reviewed. The signals that could be searched for include excess temperature anisotropies particularly at small angular scales below the Silk damping scale, B-mode polarization, and no...
0601570v1
2006-09-01
Implication of Existence of Hybrid stars and Theoretical Expectation of Submillisecond Pulsars
We derive the bulk viscous damping timescale of hybrid stars, neutron stars with quark matter core. The r-mode instability windows of the stars show that the theoretical results are consistent with the rapid rotation pulsar data, which may give an indication for the existence of quark matter in the interior of neutron ...
0609011v2
2006-11-07
Viscosity in X-ray clusters: Braginskii over 5
We argue that it is currently impossible to simulate X-ray clusters using correct equations, because even the MHD description is not applicable. But since fluid simulations actually reproduce observations quite well, one may try to improve the fluid codes by including molecular transport of heat and momentum. We calcul...
0611243v1
2006-11-29
Cosmological constraints on Neutrino - Dark Matter interactions
I summarize the results of a recent analysis where the cosmological effects of interactions of neutrinos with cold Dark Matter (DM) is investigated. This interaction produces diffusion-damped oscillations in the matter power spectrum, analogous to the acoustic oscillations in the baryon-photon fluid. I discuss the boun...
0611887v1
2006-12-20
Oscillations and Waves in coronal loops
In the past few years observations by high-resolution space imaging telescopes and spectrometers have confirmed that a great variety of MHD waves are supported in the solar corona of a low-beta plasma and fine structure. MHD waves are an important diagnostic tool for the determination of the physical parameters of coro...
0612605v1
1994-06-26
Symplectic Calculation of Lyapunov Exponents
The Lyapunov exponents of a chaotic system quantify the exponential divergence of initially nearby trajectories. For Hamiltonian systems the exponents are related to the eigenvalues of a symplectic matrix. We make use of this fact to develop a new method for the calculation of Lyapunov exponents of such systems. Our ap...
9406010v1
1994-12-17
When are vector fields Hamiltonian?
Dynamical systems can be quantised only if they are Hamiltonian. This prompts the question from which our talk gets its title. We show how the simple predator-prey equation and the damped harmonic oscillator can be considered to be Hamiltonian with respect to an infinite number of non-standard Poisson brackets. This ra...
9412010v1
1996-07-14
Statistical Description of Acoustic Turbulence
We develop expressions for the nonlinear wave damping and frequency correction of a field of random, spatially homogeneous, acoustic waves. The implications for the nature of the equilibrium spectral energy distribution are discussed
9607007v1
1996-12-09
Chaotic hysteresis in an adiabatically oscillating double well
We consider the motion of a damped particle in a potential oscillating slowly between a simple and a double well. The system displays hysteresis effects which can be of periodic or chaotic type. We explain this behaviour by computing an analytic expression of a Poincar'e map.
9612015v1
1998-04-23
Adiabatic geometric phases and response functions
Treating a many-body Fermi system in terms of a single particle in a deforming mean field. We relate adiabatic geometric phase to susceptibility for the noncyclic case, and to its derivative for the cyclic case. Employing the semiclassical expression of susceptibility, the expression for geometric phase for chaotic qua...
9804037v1
1999-05-14
Noise-induced flow in quasigeostrophic turbulence with bottom friction
Randomly-forced fluid flow in the presence of scale-unselective dissipation develops mean currents following topographic contours. Known mechanisms based on the scale-selective action of damping processes are not at work in this situation. Coarse-graining reveals that the phenomenon is a kind of noise-rectification mec...
9905022v1
1999-07-30
Free Decay of Turbulence and Breakdown of Self-Similarity
It has been generally assumed, since the work of von Karman and Howarth in 1938, that free decay of fully-developed turbulence is self-similar. We present here a simple phenomenological model of the decay of 3D incompressible turbulence, which predicts breakdown of self-similarity for low-wavenumber spectral exponents ...
9908006v1
1992-12-25
Spatial Correlation of Conduction Electrons in Metal with Complicated Geometry Of The Fermi Surface
The "density-density" correlation function of conduction electrons in metal is investigated. It is shown, that the asymptotic behaviour of the CF depends on the shape and the local geometry of the Fermi surface. In particular, the exponent of power law which describes the damping of Friedel oscillations at large r (-4 ...
9212032v1
1993-10-13
Magneto-Optics of type-II superconductors
The magneto-optical activity of superconducting ${\rm YBa}_{2}{\rm Cu}_{3}{\rm O}_{7}$ observed by Karrai {\it et al.} is not present in many commonly employed models of vortex dynamics. Here we propose a simple, unifying picture for the frequency dependent magneto-optic response of type-II superconductors at low tempe...
9310026v1
1993-12-02
Theory of the Eigler-swith
We suggest a simple model to describe the reversible field-induced transfer of a single Xe-atom in a scanning tunneling microscope, --- the Eigler-switch. The inelasticly tunneling electrons give rise to fluctuating forces on and damping of the Xe-atom resulting in an effective current dependent temperature. The rate o...
9312008v1
1994-07-25
Diffusion Processes and Coherent States
It is shown that stochastic processes of diffusion type possess, in all generality, a structure of uncertainty relations and of coherent and squeezed states. This fact is used to obtain, via Nelson stochastic formulation of quantum mechanics, the harmonic-oscillator coherent and squeezed states. The method allows to de...
9407100v1
1994-11-01
Cyclotron resonance lineshape in a Wigner crystal
The cyclotron resonance absorption spectrum in a Wigner crystal is calculated. Effects of spin-splitting are modelled by substitutional disorder, and calculated in the coherent potential approximation. Due to the increasing strength of the dipole-dipole interaction, the results show a crossover from a double-peak spect...
9411003v2
1995-01-23
de Haas-van Alphen Oscillations in a Superconducting State at High Magnetic Fields
Low-temperature quantum oscillations of the dHvA amplitude are shown to persist far below the upper critical field of a strongly type-II superconductor, due to the gapless nature of the BCS quasiparticle spectrum in high fields. The dHvA amplitude in the superconducting state is smaller than its normal state countpart ...
9501109v1
1995-08-14
Density-dependent phonoriton states in highly excited semiconductors
The dynamical aspects of the phonoriton state in highly-photoexcited semiconductors is studied theoretically. The effect of the exciton-exciton interaction and nonbosonic character of high-density excitons are taken into account. Using Green's function method and within the Random Phase Approximation it is shown that t...
9508046v1
1995-12-21
Collective Modes in a Symmetry-Broken Phase: Antiferromagnetically Correlated Quantum Wells
We investigate the intersubband spin-density-excitation spectrum of a double quantum well in a low-density symmetry-broken phase with interwell antiferromagnetic correlations. This spectrum is related to the intensity measured in depolarized inelastic light scattering (ILS) experiments and therefore provides a means of...
9512145v1
1996-03-15
Boson-fermion model beyond mean-field approximation
A model of hybridized bosons and fermions is studied beyond the mean field approximation. The divergent boson self-energy at zero temperature makes the Cooper pairing of fermions impossible.The frequency and momentum dependence of the self- energy and the condensation temperature $T_{c}$ of initially localized bosons a...
9603111v1
1996-05-15
Internal Excitations and Dissipative Damping of Quantum Hall Skyrmions
We propose an intrinsic maximum speed for dissipationless E cross B drift of Skyrmion quasiparticles in quantum Hall ferromagnets. When this speed is exceeded, Skyrmions can radiate spin-waves by making internal excitations which allow total spin to be conserved. Our proposal is illustrated by a time-dependent Hartree-...
9605091v1
1996-07-19
Spectral properties of the planar t-J model
The single-particle spectral functions $A({\bf k},\omega)$ and self-energies $\Sigma({\bf k},\omega)$ are calculated within the $t-J$ model using the finite-temperature Lanczos method for small systems. A remarkable asymmetry between the electron and hole part is found. The hole (photoemission) spectra are overdamped, ...
9607140v1
1996-11-19
Quasi-particle behavior of composite fermions in the half-filled Landau level
We calculate the effect of infrared fluctuations of the Chern-Simons gauge field on the single-particle Green's function of composite fermions in the half-filled Landau level via higher-dimensional bosonization on a curved Fermi surface. We find that composite fermions remain well-defined quasi-particles, with an effec...
9611139v2
1996-11-22
Flux Noise near the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless Transition
We study the flux noise in Josephson junction arrays in the critical regime above the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition. In proximity coupled arrays a local ohmic damping for the phases is relevant, giving rise to anomalous vortex diffusion and a dynamic scaling of the flux noise in the critical region. It sho...
9611177v2
1996-11-29
Electron Green's Function in the Planar t-J Model
The electron Green's functions $G({\bf k},\omega)$ within the t-J model and in the regime of intermediate doping is studied analytically using equations of motion for projected fermionic operators and the decoupling of the self energy into the single-particle and spin fluctuations. It is shown that the assumption of ma...
9612002v1
1997-02-21
One-Particle Excitation of the Two-Dimensional Hubbard Model
The real part of the self-energy of interacting two-dimensional electrons has been calculated in the t-matrix approximation. It is shown that the forward scattering results in an anomalous term leading to the vanishing renormalization factor of the one-particle Green function, which is a non-perturbative effect of the ...
9702200v1
1997-05-03
Free induction signal from biexcitons and bound excitons
A theory of the free induction signal from biexcitons and bound excitons is presented. The simultaneous existence of the exciton continuum and a bound state is shown to result in a new type of time dependence of the free induction. The optically detected signal increases in time and oscillates with increasing amplitude...
9705024v1
1997-06-06
Dynamics of viscous amphiphilic films supported by elastic solid substrates
The dynamics of amphiphilic films deposited on a solid surface is analyzed for the case when shear oscillations of the solid surface are excited. The two cases of surface- and bulk shear waves are studied with film exposed to gas or to a liquid. By solving the corresponding dispersion equation and the wave equation whi...
9706058v1