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47
1997-07-23
Damping of Growth Oscillations in Molecular Beam Epitaxy: A Renormalization Group Approach
The conserved Sine-Gordon Equation with nonconserved shot noise is used to model homoepitaxial crystal growth. With increasing coverage the renormalized pinning potential changes from strong to weak. This is interpreted as a transition from layer-by-layer to rough growth. The associated length and time scales are ident...
9707247v1
1997-09-30
AC transport with reservoirs of finite width
The linear response conductance coefficients are calculated in the scattering approach at finite frequency, damping and magnetic field for a microstructure in which the reservoirs are modeled as quantum wire leads of infinite length but finite width. Independently of frequency, inelastic scattering causes subbands with...
9709332v2
1997-10-08
Spin and orbital excitation spectrum in the Kugel-Khomskii model
We discuss spin and orbital ordering in the twofold orbital degenerate superexchange model in three dimensions relevant to perovskite transition metal oxides. We focus on the particular point on the classical phase diagram where orbital degeneracy is lifted by quantum effects exclusively. Dispersion and damping of the ...
9710070v1
1997-10-21
Sound waves and the absence of Galilean invariance in flocks
We study a model of flocking for a very large system (N=320,000) numerically. We find that in the long wavelength, long time limit, the fluctuations of the velocity and density fields are carried by propagating sound modes, whose dispersion and damping agree quantitatively with the predictions of our previous work usin...
9710222v1
1997-12-20
Collective Excitations in High-Temperature Superconductors
Collective, low-energy excitations in quasi-two-dimensional d-wave superconductors are analyzed. While the long-range Coulomb interaction shifts the charge-density-wave and phase modes up to the plasma energy, the spin-density-wave excitation that arises due to a strong local electron-electron repulsion can propagate a...
9712255v1
1998-01-25
Excitations of a Bose-Einstein Condensate at Non-Zero Temperature: A Study of Zeroth, First and Second Sound
Collective excitations of a dilute Bose gas were probed above and below the Bose-Einstein condensation temperature. The temperature dependencies of the frequency and damping rates of condensate oscillations indicate significant interactions between the condensate and the thermal cloud. Hydrodynamic oscillations of the ...
9801262v1
1998-02-17
Escape from a metastable well under a time-ramped force
Thermally activated escape of an over-damped particle from a metastable well under the action of a time-ramped force is studied. We express the mean first passage time (MFPT) as the solution to a partial differential equation, which we solve numerically for a model case. We discuss two approximations of the MFPT, one o...
9802182v1
1998-03-02
On temperature versus doping phase diagram of high critiical temperature superconductors
The attempt to describe the bell-shape dependence of the critical temperature of high-$T_{c}$ superconductors on charge carriers density is made. Its linear increase in the region of small densities (underdoped regime) is proposed to explain by the role of the order parameter phase 2D fluctuations which become less at ...
9803011v1
1998-03-02
Evolution of Hole and Spin Dynamics in High Temperature Superconductors within the Small Hole Density Limit of the t-J Model
The evolution of hole and spin dynamics in high temperature superconductors is studied within the self-consistent noncrossing approximation of the t-J model in the small hole density limit. As the doping concentration is increased, long-range electron correlations disappear rapidly and the quasiparticle energy band bec...
9803016v1
1998-04-14
The dynamics of component separation in a binary mixture of Bose-Einstein condensates
We present studies of the time-evolution of a two-component system of Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) in the |F=1, mf=-1> and |2,1> spin states of Rb-87. The two condensates are created with a well-defined relative phase and complete spatial overlap. In subsequent evolution they undergo complex relative motions which t...
9804138v1
1998-04-17
Relaxation Processes in Clouds of Trapped Bosons above the Bose-Einstein Condensation Temperature
We present a unified account of damping of low-lying collective modes and of relaxation of temperature anisotropies in a trapped Bose gas in the collisionless regime. By means of variational techniques, we show that the relaxation times for the two situations are closely related to the simplest variational estimate of ...
9804193v1
1998-05-01
Hot electron transport in Ballistic Electron Emission Spectroscopy: band structure effects and k-space currents
Using a Green's function approach, we investigate band structure effects in the BEEM current distribution in reciprocal space. In the elastic limit, this formalism provides a 'parameter free' solution to the BEEM problem. At low temperatures, and for thin metallic layers, the elastic approximation is enough to explain ...
9805007v1
1998-05-25
Measurements of Relative Phase in Binary Mixtures of Bose-Einstein Condensates
We have measured the relative phase of two Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) using a time-domain separated-oscillatory-field condensate interferometer. A single two-photon coupling pulse prepares the double condensate system with a well-defined relative phase; at a later time, a second pulse reads out the phase differenc...
9805327v1
1998-08-04
Quantum energy flow, dissipation and decoherence in mesoscopic dielectric structures
We first present a summary of recent results concerning the phononic energy transport properties of mesoscopic, suspended dielectric wires. We then discuss some related open problems concerning the fundamental lower limits on the vibrational damping rates of submicron-sized cantilever structures and also the possibilit...
9808032v1
1998-08-17
Exact General Solutions to Extraordinary N-body Problems
We solve the N-body problems in which the total potential energy is any function of the mass-weighted root-mean-square radius of the system of N point masses. The fundamental breathing mode of such systems vibrates non-linearly for ever. If the potential is supplemented by any function that scales as the inverse square...
9808173v1
1998-08-19
Collective Modes in High-Temperature Superconductors
The role of collective modes in various experiments on the cuprates is investigated. We calculate the neutron scattering, photoemission (ARPES), and Raman scattering intensities below $T_c$ within the fluctuation-exchange (FLEX) approximation for the two-dimensional Hubbard model. It is shown that the large peak in the...
9808210v1
1998-09-03
Dynamics of two interacting Bose-Einstein condensates
We analize the dynamics of two trapped interacting Bose-Einstein condensates and indentify two regimes for the evolution: the regime of slow periodic oscillations and the regime of strong non-linear mixing leading to the damping of the relative motion of the condensates. We compare our predictions with an experiment re...
9809061v2
1998-10-05
Quantum critical point with competing propagating and diffusive spin excitations
Feedback effects due to spin fluctuation induced precursors in the fermionic quasiparticle spectrum are taken into account in the description of a quantum critical point of itinerant spin systems. A correlation length dependent spin damping occurs, leading to a dynamical scaling with z\approx 1 which non-trivially comp...
9810041v1
1998-10-30
The Markov approximation for the atomic output coupler
The regions of validity of the Markov approximation for the coupling of atoms out of an atomic trap are determined. We consider radio-frequency output coupling in the presence of gravity and collisional repulsion, and Raman output coupling. The Markov approximation is crucial in most theoretical descriptions of an atom...
9810413v1
1998-11-18
A Stochastic Liouvillian Algorithm to Simulate Dissipative Quantum Dynamics With Arbitrary Precision
An exact and efficient new method to simulate dynamics in dissipative quantum systems is presented. A stochastic Liouville equation, deduced from Feynman and Vernon's path-integral expression of the reduced density matrix, is used to describe the exact dynamics at any dissipative strength and for arbitrarily low temper...
9811277v1
1998-12-01
Polarons in Wurtzite Nitride Semiconductors
Polaron binding energy and effective mass are calculated for semiconductors with wurtzite crystalline structure from the first order electron-phonon corrections to the self-energy. A recently introduced Frohlich-like electron-phonon interaction Hamiltonian which accounts for the LO and TO polarizations mixing due to th...
9812021v1
1998-12-24
Straight cracks in dynamic brittle fracture
We study the dynamics of cracks in brittle materials when the velocity of the crack is comparable to the sound velocity by means of lattice simulations. Inertial and damped dynamics are analyzed. It is shown that dissipation strongly influences the shape of the crack. While inertial cracks are highly unstable, dissipat...
9812391v1
1999-02-08
On the Reconstruction of Random Media using Monte Carlo Methods
A simulated annealing algorithm is applied to the reconstruction of two-dimensional porous media with prescribed correlation functions. The experimental correlation function of an isotropic sample of Fontainebleau sandstone and a synthetic correlation function with damped oscillations are used in the reconstructions. T...
9902096v1
1999-03-18
On the electron-energy loss spectra and plasmon resonance in cuprates
The consequences of the non-Drude charge response in the normal state of cuprates and the effect of the layered structure on electron-energy loss spectra are investigated, both for experiments in the transmission and the reflection mode. It is shown that in the intermediate doping regime the plasmon resonance has to be...
9903287v1
1999-04-26
Magnon Damping by magnon-phonon coupling in Manganese Perovskites
Inelastic neutron scattering was used to systematically investigate the spin-wave excitations (magnons) in ferromagnetic manganese perovskites. In spite of the large differences in the Curie temperatures ($T_C$s) of different manganites, their low-temperature spin waves were found to have very similar dispersions with ...
9904372v1
1999-04-28
Collective oscillations of a classical gas confined in harmonic traps
Starting from the Boltzmann equation we calculate the frequency and the damping of the monopole and quadrupole oscillations of a classical gas confined in an harmonic potential. The collisional term is treated in the relaxation time approximation and a gaussian ansatz is used for its evaluation. Our approach provides a...
9904409v1
1999-05-11
Magnon Broadening Effect by Magnon-Phonon Interaction in Colossal Magnetoresistance Manganites
In order to study the magnetic excitation behaviors in colossal magnetoresistance manganites, a magnon-phonon interacting system is investigated. Sudden broadening of magnon linewidth is obtained when a magnon branch crosses over an optical phonon branch. Onset of the broadening is approximately determined by the magno...
9905133v2
1999-06-03
Effects of noise and nonlocal interactions in nonlinear dynamics of molecular systems
We show that the NLS systems with multiplicative noise, nonlinear damping and nonlocal dispersion exhibit a variety of interesting effects which may be useful for modelling the dynamical behavior of one- and two-dimensional molecular systems.
9906050v1
1999-06-20
Tunneling-Assisted Acoustic Plasmon-Quasiparticle Excitation Resonances in Coupled Q1D Electron Gases
We show that a weak non-resonant tunneling between two quantum wires leads to splitting of the acoustic plasmon mode at finite wavevector. Two gaps open up in the dipersion of the acoustic plasmon mode when its frequency is close to the frequencies of the quasiparticle excitations. In contrast to the Laudau damping of ...
9906306v1
1999-07-06
New type of antiferromagnetic polaron and bipolaron in HTc - superconductors
The possibility of formation of a new type of polaron based on the quantum aniferromagnet (AF) model is reported. We take into account exchange interactions between localized d-d spins of the AF, as well as the p-d interaction of the AF with p-carriers. The energy minimum is found when maximum charge density occurs o...
9907081v1
1999-08-01
Comment on "quantum theory for mesosocopic electric circuits". Cond-mat/9907171 and cond-mat/9606206
In references cond-mat/9907171 and cond-mat/9606206 (Phys.Rev.B.53, 4927 (1996)) by You-Quan Li and Bin Chen, was considered a mesoscopic LC circuit with charge discreteness. So, it was proposed a finite difference Schroedinger equation for the charge time behavior. In this comment, we generalize the corresponding meso...
9908012v1
1999-09-03
Wave Function Mismatches and Coulomb Drag
In this paper, I study the topological excitations in a pairing state in double layer systems at Landau level filling factor $\nu=1/2$ in the presence of disorders. Due to mismatches between single particle wave functions of composite Fermions in different layers, the sensitivity of the Chern number of the pairing stat...
9909051v2
1999-10-06
Collisional relaxation in diffuse clouds of trapped bosons
The damping of collective modes and the relaxation of temperature anisotropies in a trapped Bose gas is determined at temperatures above the Bose-Einstein condensation temperature in the collisionless regime. We demonstrate for both cases how the effects of collisions may be treated perturbatively and calculate relaxat...
9910081v1
1999-10-22
Driven Tunneling Dynamics: Bloch-Redfield Theory versus Path Integral Approach
In the regime of weak bath coupling and low temperature we demonstrate numerically for the spin-boson dynamics the equivalence between two widely used but seemingly different roads of approximation, namely the path integral approach and the Bloch-Redfield theory. The excellent agreement between these two methods is cor...
9910359v2
1999-10-27
A Novel Longitudinal Mode in the Coupled Quantum Chain Compound KCuF3
Inelastic neutron scattering measurements are reported that show a new longitudinal mode in the antiferromagnetically ordered phase of the spin-1/2 quasi-one-dimensional antiferromagnet KCuF3. This mode signals the cross-over from one-dimensional to three-dimensional behavior and indicates a reduction in the ordered sp...
9910459v1
1999-11-12
Observation of the scissors mode and superfluidity of a trapped Bose-Einstein condensed gas
We report the observation of the scissors mode of a Bose-Einstein condensed gas of 87^Rb atoms in a magnetic trap, which gives direct evidence of superfluidity in this system. The scissors mode of oscillation is excited by a sudden rotation of the anisotropic trapping potential. For a gas above T_c (normal fluid) we de...
9911195v1
1999-11-19
Transport in a One-Dimensional Superfluid: Quantum Nucleation of Phase Slips
We present an analytical derivation for the quantum decay rate of the superflow through a weak link in a one-dimensional Bose-Einstein-condensate. The effective action for the phase difference across the link reduces to that of a massive particle with damping subject to a periodic potential. We find an algebraic flow-p...
9911301v1
1999-11-26
Kadanoff-Baym Equations with Initial Correlations
The Kadanoff-Baym equations (KBE) are usually derived under the assumption of the weakening of initial correlations (Bogolyubov's condition) and, therefore, fail to correctly describe the short time behavior. We demonstrate that this assumption is not necessary. Using functional derivatives techniques, we present a str...
9911429v1
1999-12-08
Thermodynamical fluctuations and photo-thermal shot noise in gravitational wave antennae
Thermodynamical fluctuations of temperature in mirrors of gravitational wave antennae are transformed through thermal expansion coefficient into additional noise. This source of noise, which may also be interpreted as fluctuations due to thermoelastic damping, may not be neglected and leads to the necessity to reexamin...
9912139v1
2000-01-25
Motion of dark solitons in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates
We use a multiple time scale boundary layer theory to derive the equation of motion for a dark (or `grey') soliton propagating through an effectively one-dimensional cloud of Bose-Einstein condensate, assuming only that the background density and velocity vary slowly on the soliton scale. We show that solitons can exhi...
0001360v1
2000-02-01
Fractional Kramers Equation
We introduce a fractional Kramers equation for a particle interacting with a thermal heat bath and external non-linear force field. For the force free case the velocity damping follows the Mittag-Leffler relaxation and the diffusion is enhanced. The equation obeys the generalized Einstein relation, and its stationary s...
0002020v1
2000-02-20
Impurity spin dynamics in 2D antiferromagnets and superconductors
We discuss the universal theory of localized impurities in the paramagnetic state of 2D antiferromagnets where the spin gap is assumed to be significantly smaller than a typical exchange energy. We study the impurity spin susceptibility near the host quantum transition from a gapped paramagnet to a Neel state, and we c...
0002316v1
2000-03-01
Short, Medium and Long Range Spatial Correlations in Simple Glasses
Local stresses and pressures always exist in glasses. In this letter we consider their effects on the structure and structural correlations in simple glasses. We find that extreme values of local pressures are related to well defined local structures. The correlations related to these extreme stresses extend to full ...
0003006v1
2000-03-03
Heat Conduction and Charge Ordering in Perovskite Manganites, Nickelates and Cuprates
We discuss heat transport in hole-doped manganites, nickelates and cuprates for which real-space charge ordering has been observed. We survey the thermal transport response to charge order in the various materials and the associated structural modifications, particularly distortions of the metal-oxygen polyhedra associ...
0003047v1
2000-04-08
Asymptotic states in long Josephson junctions in an external magnetic field
Asymptotic states in long Josephson junctions are investigated in an external magnetic field. We show that a choice one of the solution of the stationary Ferrell-Prange equation can carry be out with use of an asymptotic solution of the sine-Gordon equation and that an evolution to that stable solution occurs by passin...
0004120v1
2000-04-20
Peculiarities of anharmonic lattice dynamics and thermodynamics of alkaline-earth metals
The calculations are performed for a broad range of the properties of Ca and Sr in the fcc and bcc phases. A detailed information on the magnitude and character of temperature dependence of anharmonic effects in the lattice dynamics over the entire Brillouin zone (frequency shifts and phonon damping, Gruneisen paramete...
0004353v1
2000-06-20
Final Generalization of the Three Coupled Oscillator Model in the Crystal Optical Activity
In this paper we generalize the quantum mechanical model of three coupled oscillators because of its usage in the crystal optical activity. Using this model we can include the influence of all essential couplings between single oscillators which represent the molecules or atoms of optically active crystals belonging fo...
0006299v1
2000-07-03
Dynamics of Fluctuating Bose-Einstein Condensates
We present a generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation that describes also the dissipative dynamics of a trapped partially Bose condensed gas. It takes the form of a complex nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation with noise. We consider an approximation to this Langevin field equation that preserves the correct equilibrium for b...
0007026v1
2000-08-14
Manifestation of superfluidity in an evolving Bose-condensed gas
We study the generation of excitations due to an ''impurity''(static perturbation) placed into an oscillating Bose-condensed gas in the time-dependent trapping field. It is shown that there are two regions for the position of the local perturbation. In the first region the condensate flows around the ''impurity'' witho...
0008207v1
2000-10-04
Measurement of the energy dependence of phase relaxation by single electron tunneling
Single electron tunneling through a single impurity level is used to probe the fluctuations of the local density of states in the emitter. The energy dependence of quasi-particle relaxation in the emitter can be extracted from the damping of the fluctuations of the local density of states (LDOS). At larger magnetic fie...
0010070v1
2000-10-08
Role of entropy barriers for diffusion in the periodic potential
Diffusion of a particle in the N-dimensional external potential which is periodic in one dimension and unbounded in the other N-1 dimensions is investigated. We find an analytical expression for the overdamped diffusion and study numerically the cases of moderate and low damping. We show that in the underdamped limit, ...
0010125v1
2000-10-12
Friction in a solid lubricant film
Molecular dynamics study of a thin (one to five layers) lubricant film between two substrates in moving contact are performed using Langevin equations with an external damping coefficient depending on distance and velocity of atoms relative the substrates, motivated by microscopic configurations. They show that the min...
0010185v1
2001-01-15
A classical field method for time dependent Bose condensed gases
We propose a method to study the time evolution of Bose condensed gases perturbed from an initial thermal equilibrium, based on the Wigner representation of the $N$-body density operator. We show how to generate a collection of random classical fields sampling the initial Wigner distribution in the number conserving Bo...
0101210v2
2001-01-19
Ghost excitonic insulator transition in layered graphite
Some unusual properties of layered graphite, including a linear energy dependence of the quasiparticle damping and weak ferromagnetism at low doping, are explained as a result of the proximity of a single graphene sheet to the excitonic insulator phase which can be further stabilized in a doped system of many layers st...
0101306v4
2001-01-25
Comment on "Critical spin dynamics of the 2D quantum Heisenberg antiferromagnets: Sr2CuO2Cl2 and Sr2Cu3O4Cl2"
We compare the neutron measurements of Kim et al. (cond-mat/0012239) on two-dimensional, S=1/2 antiferromagnets with the continuum quasiclassical theory of S. Sachdev and O.A. Starykh (cond-mat/9904354). The damping of the lowest energy spin excitations is characterized by a dimensionless number whose temperature depen...
0101394v1
2001-01-29
Enhancement of mobility by periodically modulating the slanting slope of a washboard potential
Average mobility of very feebly damped particles in tilted periodic potentials is considered. Under the combined action of thermal fluctuations and small temporal modulation of the tilt of the potential the particles, in the small tilt range, become more mobile than without modulation. The enhancement of mobility depen...
0101425v1
2001-02-26
Relaxation time of weakly interacting superparamagnets
The relaxation time of weakly interacting classical spins is calculated by introducing the averages of the local dipolar field, obtained by thermodynamic perturbation theory, in a rigorous expression for the single-spin thermoactivation rate in a weak but arbitrarily oriented field. At low temperatures the non-trivial ...
0102472v1
2001-03-02
Penetration Depth Measurements in MgB_2: Evidence for Unconventional Superconductivity
We have measured the magnetic penetration depth of the recently discovered binary superconductor MgB_2 using muon spin rotation and low field $ac$-susceptibility. From the damping of the muon precession signal we find the penetration depth at zero temperature is about 85nm. The low temperature penetration depth shows a...
0103060v1
2001-05-09
An echo of an exciting light pulse in quantum wells
The non-sinusoidal character oscillations appear in the transmitted, reflected and absorbed light fluxes when light pulses irradiate a semiconductor quantum well (QW), containing a large number of the equidistant energy levels of electronic excitations. A damping echo of the exciting pulse appears through the time inte...
0105198v1
2001-05-18
Controlled Generation of Dark Solitons with Phase Imprinting
The generation of dark solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates with phase imprinting is studied by mapping it into the classic problem of a damped driven pendulum. We provide simple but powerful schemes of designing the phase imprint for various desired outcomes. We derive a formula for the number of dark solitons genera...
0105377v1
2001-05-22
Transition from Collisionless to Hydrodynamic Behaviour in an Ultracold Atomic Gas
Relative motion in a two-component, trapped atomic gas provides a sensitive probe of interactions. By studying the lowest frequency excitations of a two spin-state gas confined in a magnetic trap, we have explored the transition from the collisionless to the hydrodynamic regime. As a function of collision rate, we obse...
0105441v1
2001-05-23
Finite-temperature simulations of the scissors mode in Bose-Einstein condensed gases
The dynamics of a trapped Bose-condensed gas at finite temperatures is described by a generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation for the condensate order parameter and a semi-classical kinetic equation for the thermal cloud, solved using $N$-body simulations. The two components are coupled by mean fields as well as collisio...
0105465v1
2001-06-25
Collective Excitations of Dilute Bose-Fermi Superfluid Mixtures
Using the effective action formalism, we investigate collective excitations of a dilute mixture of a Bose gas and a two component Fermi gas when both bosons and fermions have undergone superfluid transitions. We show that there is a repulsion between Bogoliubov and Anderson modes, which has important implications inclu...
0106503v1
2001-07-10
The formation of vortex loops (strings) in continuous phase transitions
The formation of vortex loops (global cosmic strings) in an O(2) linear sigma model in three spatial dimensions is analyzed numerically. For over-damped Langevin dynamics we find that defect production is suppressed by an interaction between correlated domains that reduces the effective spatial variation of the phase o...
0107188v2
2001-07-20
Theory of sound propagation in superfluid-filled porous media
The theory of sound propagation in macroscopically isotropic and homogeneous porous media saturated with superfluid ^4He(so-called He II) has been developed neglecting all damping processes. The case when the normal fluid component is locked inside a porous medium by viscous forces is investigated in detail. It is show...
0107438v3
2001-08-11
Spin dynamics from time-dependent spin density-functional theory
We derive the spin-wave dynamics of a magnetic material from the time-dependent spin density functional theory in the linear response regime. The equation of motion for the magnetization includes, besides the static spin stiffness, a "Berry curvature" correction and a damping term. A gradient expansion scheme based on ...
0108193v1
2001-09-20
Aging effects in the quantum dynamics of a dissipative free particle: non-ohmic case
We report new results related to the two-time dynamics of the coordinate of a quantum free particle, damped through its interaction with a fractal thermal bath (non-ohmic coupling $\sim\omega^\delta$ with $0<\delta<1$ or $1<\delta<2)$. When the particle is localized, its position does not age. When it undergoes anomalo...
0109368v1
2001-09-26
Slow relaxation, confinement, and solitons
Millisecond crystal relaxation has been used to explain anomalous decay in doped alkali halides. We attribute this slowness to Fermi-Pasta-Ulam solitons. Our model exhibits confinement of mechanical energy released by excitation. Extending the model to long times is justified by its relation to solitons, excitations pr...
0109483v1
2001-10-09
Quantum decay rates for driven barrier potentials in the strong friction limit
Quantum decay rates for barrier potentials driven by external stochastic and periodic forces in the strong damping regime are studied. Based on the recently derived quantum Smoluchowski equation [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 87}, 086802 (2001)] explicit analytical and numerical results are presented for the case of the resona...
0110169v1
2001-10-10
Ferromagnetism and disorder: A dynamical mean-field study
We investigate ferromagnetism in the periodic Anderson model with diagonal disorder. Using dynamical mean-field theory in combination with the modified perturbation theory, the disorder can be included in the calculation consistently, which turns out to be equivalent to the CPA method. Disorder generally reduces the Cu...
0110209v1
2001-10-29
Long-Range Coherence in a Mesoscopic Metal near a Superconducting Interface
We identify the different contributions to quantum interference in a mesoscopic metallic loop in contact with two superconducting electrodes. At low temperature, a flux-modulated Josephson coupling is observed with strong damping over the thermal length L_{T}. At higher temperature, the magnetoresistance exhibits large...
0110584v1
2001-11-05
Dynamical Behaviour of Fine Granular Glass/Bronze Mixtures under Vertical Vibration
We report the behaviour of mixtures of fine bronze and glass spheres under sinusoidal vertical vibration. Depending upon the ratio of their diameters and the amplitude and frequency of the vibration, we observe the formation of sharp separation boundaries between glass-rich and bronze-rich phases, the absence of gross ...
0111064v1
2001-11-23
The transverse breathing mode of an elongated Bose-Einstein condensate
We study experimentally the transverse monopole mode of an elongated rubidium condensate. Due to the scaling invariance of the non-linear Schr\"odinger (Gross-Pitaevski) equation, the oscillation is monochromatic and sinusoidal at short times, even under strong excitation. For ultra-low temperatures, the quality factor...
0111455v1
2002-01-08
Feromagnetic "$π$"-junctions
We investigate Josephson coupling through a ferromagnetic thin film using Superconductor-Insulator-Ferromagnet-Superconductor planar junctions. Damped oscillations of the critical current are observed as a function of the ferromagnetic layer thickness. We show that they result from the exchange energy gained or lost by...
0201104v2
2002-03-08
Exact c-number Representation of Non-Markovian Quantum Dissipation
The reduced dynamics of a quantum system interacting with a linear heat bath finds an exact representation in terms of a stochastic Schr{\"o}dinger equation. All memory effects of the reservoir are transformed into noise correlations and mean-field friction. The classical limit of the resulting stochastic dynamics is s...
0203193v1
2002-05-01
Amplitude coda of classical waves in disordered media
The propagation of classical waves in the presence of a disordered medium is studied. We consider wave pulses containing a broad range of frequencies in terms of the configurationally averaged Green function of the system. Damped oscillations in the time-dependent response trailing behind the direct arrival of the puls...
0205014v1
2002-05-14
Finite temperature spectral function of Mott insulators and CDW States
We calculate the low temperature spectral function of one-dimensional incommensurate charge density wave (CDW) states and half-filled Mott insulators (MI). At $T=0$ there are two dispersing features associated with the spin and charge degrees of freedom respectively. We show that already at very low temperatures (compa...
0205294v2
2002-07-26
Experimental Investigation of Microwave Enhanced Cotunneling in SET Transistors
Cotunneling is an important error process in the application of single electron tunneling devices for metrological and electronic applications. Here we present an experimental investigation of the theory for adiabatic enhancement of cotunneling by coherent microwaves. The dependence is investigated as function of tempe...
0207639v1
2002-07-26
Two-level system with a thermally fluctuating transfer matrix element: Application to the problem of DNA charge transfer
Charge transfer along the base-pair stack in DNA is modeled in terms of thermally-assisted tunneling between adjacent base pairs. Central to our approach is the notion that tunneling between fluctuating pairs is rate-limited by the requirement of their optimal alignment. We focus on this aspect of the process by modeli...
0207654v1
2002-08-27
Sound Propagation in Nematic Fermi Liquid
We study the longitudinal sound propagation in the electronic nematic Fermi liquid where the Fermi surface is distorted due to the spontaneously broken rotational symmetry. The behavior of the sound wave in the nematic ordered state is dramatically different from that in the isotropic Fermi liquid. The collective modes...
0208524v1
2002-09-06
Nonequilibrium Fluctuations and Decoherence in Nanomechanical Devices Coupled to the Tunnel Junction
We analyze the dynamics of a nanomechanical oscillator coupled to an electrical tunnel junction with an arbitrary voltage applied to the junction and arbitrary temperature of electrons in leads. We obtain the explicit expressions for the fluctuations of oscillator position, its damping/decoherence rate, and the current...
0209149v1
2002-09-09
Decoherence and Relaxation of a Quantum Bit in the Presence of Rabi Oscillations
Dissipative dynamics of a quantum bit driven by a strong resonant field and interacting with a heat bath is investigated. We derive generalized Bloch equations and find modifications of the qubit's damping rates caused by Rabi oscillations. Nonequilibrium decoherence of a phase qubit inductively coupled to a LC-circuit...
0209217v4
2002-09-10
Effective Field Theory for Goldstone Bosons in Nonrelativistic Superfluids
We consider nonrelativistic superfluids where the global U(1)-symmetry is spontaneously broken. At sufficiently long wavelengths, the relevant degree of freedom is the massless Goldstone mode and we construct an effective low energy theory for the Goldstone boson. The damping rate of collective excitations at low energ...
0209243v1
2002-11-06
Quadrupole Oscillation of a Single-Vortex Condensate: Evidence for Kelvin Modes
We study the two transverse quadrupole modes of a cigar-shaped Bose-Einstein condensate with a single centered vortex. We show that the counter-rotating mode is more strongly damped than in the absence of a vortex, whereas the co-rotating mode is not affected appreciably by the vortex. We interpret this result as a dec...
0211101v1
2002-11-19
Beliaev Damping and Kelvin Mode Spectroscopy of a Condensate in the Presence of a Vortex Line
It is demonstrated theoretically that the counter-rotating quadrupole mode in a vortex of Bose-Einstein condensates can decay into a pair of Kelvin modes via Beliaev process. We calculate the spectral weight of density-response function within Bogoliubov framework, taking account of both Beliaev and Landau processes. G...
0211396v1
2002-11-20
Vortex dynamics in the nonlinear Schrodinger equation
The dynamics of a two-dimensional vortex are analyzed within the framework of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation. Both a bare vortex and a vortex with an external mass trapped in a finite-sized core are considered. The bare vortex motion is found to be damped at all frequencies, while the finite core has a single reson...
0211424v1
2002-12-05
Activated escape over oscillating barriers: The case of many dimensions
We present a novel path-integral method for the determination of time-dependent and time-averaged reaction rates in multidimensional, periodically driven escape problems at weak thermal noise. The so obtained general expressions are evaluated explicitly for the situation of a sinusoidally driven, damped particle with i...
0212117v1
2002-12-05
Dynamic stiffness of spin valves
The dynamics of the magnetic order parameters of ferromagnet/normal-metal/ferromagnet spin valves and isolated ferromagnets may be very different. We investigate the role of the nonequilibrium spin-current exchange between the ferromagnets in the magnetization precession and switching. We find a (low-temperature) criti...
0212130v2
2003-01-15
Effects of parametric noise on a nonlinear oscillator
We study a model of a nonlinear oscillator with a random frequency and derive the asymptotic behavior of the probability distribution function when the noise is white. In the small damping limit, we show that the physical observables grow algebraically with time before the dissipative time scale is reached, and calcula...
0301259v1
2003-01-30
Quantum critical point in CuGeO3 doped with magnetic impurities
Using high frequency (up to 450 GHz) ESR and low temperature specific heat measurements we find that insertion of 1% Fe and 2% Co damps spin-Peierls and Neel transitions and for T<30K gives rise to onset of a quantum critical behaviour characteristic for a random dimer Griffiths phase.
0301595v1
2003-02-13
Steering of a Bosonic Mode with a Double Quantum Dot
We investigate the transport and coherence properties of a double quantum dot coupled to a single damped boson mode. Our numerically results reveal how the properties of the boson distribution can be steered by altering parameters of the electronic system such as the energy difference between the dots. Quadrature ampli...
0302265v1
2003-02-18
Flow equation renormalization of a spin-boson model with a structured bath
We discuss the dynamics of a spin coupled to a damped harmonic oscillator. This system can be mapped to a spin-boson model with a structured bath, i.e. the spectral function of the bath has a resonance peak. We diagonalize the model by means of infinitesimal unitary transformations (flow equations), thereby decoupling ...
0302357v1
2003-03-28
Models for generation 1/f noise
Simple analytically solvable models are proposed exhibiting 1/f spectrum in wide range of frequency. The signals of the models consist of pulses (point process) which interevent times fluctuate about some average value, obeying an autoregressive process with very small damping. The power spectrum of the process can be ...
0303603v1
2003-04-08
Exploiting environmental resonances to enhance qubit quality factors
We discuss dephasing times for a two-level system (including bias) coupled to a damped harmonic oscillator. This system is realized in measurements on solid-state Josephson qubits. It can be mapped to a spin-boson model with a spectral function with an approximately Lorentzian resonance. We diagonalize the model by mea...
0304177v1
2003-05-08
Resonant nature of phonon-induced damping of Rabi oscillations in quantum dots
Optically controlled coherent dynamics of charge (excitonic) degrees of freedom in a semiconductor quantum dot under the influence of lattice dynamics (phonons) is discussed theoretically. We show that the dynamics of the lattice response in the strongly non-linear regime is governed by a semiclassical resonance betwee...
0305165v2
2003-05-23
Phase field approach for modeling intracellular dynamics
We introduce a phase field approach for diffusion inside and outside a closed cell with damping and with source terms at the interface. The method is compared to exact solutions (where possible) and the more traditional finite element method. It is shown to be very accurate, easy to implement and computationally inexpe...
0305577v1
2003-06-11
Phase locking in quantum and classical oscillators: polariton condensates, lasers, and arrays of Josephson junctions
We connect three phenomena in which a coherent electromagnetic field could be generated: polariton condensation, phase-locking in arrays of underdamped Josephson junctions, and lasing. All these phenomena have been described using Dicke-type models of spins coupled to a single photon mode. These descriptions may be dis...
0306268v1
2003-06-26
Nanoscience with Attosecond Laser Pulses
In this paper the interaction of attosecond laser pulses with matter is investigated. The scattering and potential motion of heat carriers as well as the external force are considered. Depending on the ratio of the scatterings and potential motion the heat transport is described by the thermal forced Klein-Gordon or th...
0306671v1
2003-06-27
Origin of the "Waterfall" Effect in Phonon Dispersion of Relaxor Perovskites
Inelastic neutron scattering study of the perovskite relaxor ferroelectric PZN:8%PT elucidates the origin of the previously reported unusual kink on the low frequency transverse phonon dispersion curve (known as "waterfall" effect). We show that its position depends on the choice of the Brillouin zone and that the rela...
0306692v1
2003-07-04
Comment on "Estimate of the vibrational frequencies of spherical virus particles"
This comment corrects some errors which appeared in the calculation of an elastic sphere eigenenergies. As a result, the symmetry of the mode having the lowest frequency is changed. Also a direction for calculating the damping of these modes for embedded elastic spheres is given.
0307112v2